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271:. Lovćen stands on the border between two completely different natural wholes, the sea and the mainland, and so it is under the influence of both climates. The specific connection of the life conditions has caused the development of the different biological systems. There are 1,158 plant species on Lovćen, four of which are endemic.
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The national park encompasses the central and the highest part of the mountain massif and covers an area of 62.20 km (24.02 sq mi). It was proclaimed a national park in 1952. Besides Lovćen's natural features, the significant historical, cultural and architectural heritage of the area
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repositioned closer to the shore and blasted the Allied positions further. Grellier conceded defeat and pulled out his remaining saveable guns. Likewise, the
Montenegrins abandoned their fortifications. By November, the French High Command decided to give up its campaign to neutralize and capture
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was again used to assist the troops against Lovćen's renewed defences to such good effect that on the 10th, the Austro-Hungarian troops took the Lovćen Pass and the adjacent heights, where the French guns had previously been. The bombardment of Mount Lovćen played a decisive role in breaking the
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opened fire before sunrise, catching the French and
Montenegrins offguard, and a number of batteries and fortifications were destroyed in heavy bombardment, including another French 12 cm (4.7 in) gun. By 10:00, Allied firing from Mount Lovćen had ceased. The following day the
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into the war, the French realised that the capture of Kotor might be beneficial to their own navy and so landed an artillery detachment of four 15 cm (5.9 in) and four 12 cm (4.7 in) naval guns under the command of
Capitaine de frégate Grellier, at
338:. It was just across the border from Mount Lovćen where the army had placed several batteries of artillery, and on the same day, Montenegrin guns commenced firing on Austro-Hungarian fortifications. The forts of Kotor and the old armoured cruiser
386:, on September 18–19. It took Grellier a month to move his guns inland but eventually his batteries were set up and positioned in fortifications on the south side of Mount Lovćen.
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made a number of direct hits on the guns and fortified positions on the mountain and on
October 24, one of the French 12 cm (4.7 in) guns was completely knocked out.
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would tip the balance. Naval seaplanes had been busy taking photographs and mapping accurate positions, and at 16:27, on
October 22, the battleships all opened fire.
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returned the fire, aided by reconnaissance from navy seaplanes. However, on
September 13, Austrian-Hungarian reinforcements arrived from
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The mountain slopes are rocky, with numerous fissures, pits and deep depressions giving its scenery a specific look. This is a
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217:, both of which mean 'Black Mountain' and refer to the appearance of Mount Lovćen when covered in dense forests. The name
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On
October 19, the French guns opened fire. The Austro-Hungarians called for reinforcements and on October 21, Admiral
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ordered his army, on August 8, 1914, to commence operations against the Austro-Hungarian naval base in the
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constructed in 1971. The location for his burial place and the mausoleum at the summit of
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The area has numerous elements of national construction. The old houses and village
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A particular architectural relic worth mentioning is the road, winding uphill from
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in 1276 and was used for several regions across medieval
Serbian lands, including
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morale of the defenders of the mountain, and the
Montenegrins requested an
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527:"The Panoramic Mausoleum and Karst Landscape of Lovcen National Park"
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The biggest and most important monument of Lovćen national park is
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Parentheses denote year of establishment as a
National Park.
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Mountain and national park in southwestern Montenegro
302:, the birthplace of Montenegro's royal family, the
546:, Osprey Publishing, Oxford, UK, 2012, pps:28-30.
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177:Montenegrin troops outside of Lovćen, October 1914
428:In early January 1916, the Austro-Hungarian army
244:and making the hinterland to the coastal town of
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1041:2021 Montenegrin episcopal enthronement protests
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572:Official website of National Parks of Montenegro
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461:was chosen by Njegoš himself as his last wish.
567:Lovćen National Park Information and Pictures.
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318:, Montenegro was the first nation to come to
236:Mount Lovćen rises from the borders of the
221:was first mentioned in a charter issued by
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477:named after the mountain by an influx of
287:are authentic as well as the cottages in
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291:, summer settlements of cattlebreeders.
240:, closing the long and twisting bays of
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248:. The mountain has two imposing peaks,
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430:launched an offensive into Montenegro
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45:Štirovnik, the highest peak of Lovćen
544:Austro-Hungarian Battleships 1914-18
280:are protected by the national park.
252:; 1,749 m (5,738 ft) and
161:Mausoleum of Njegoš on Jezerski vrh
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349:, in the form of three active pre-
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542:Noppen, Ryan & Wright, Paul,
425:returned to Pola on December 16.
393:despatched the modern battleship
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256:; 1,657 m (5,436 ft).
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895:National Museum of Montenegro
792:National Museum of Montenegro
502:"Montenegro History – Part I"
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1072:National parks of Montenegro
900:State Archives of Montenegro
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334:'s southernmost base in the
61:1,749 m (5,738 ft)
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330:, the Austro-Hungarian
21:Lovćen (disambiguation)
879:Montenegrin PEN Center
263:landscape carved from
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136:Location in Montenegro
989:Cetinje Football Club
952:Lovćen Sports Society
713:Administrative centre
451:Petar Petrović Njegoš
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314:Upon the outbreak of
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929:Faculty of Fine Arts
782:Cetinje Royal Palace
506:visit-montenegro.com
201:) is a mountain and
186:Montenegrin Cyrillic
169:Lovćen National Park
19:For other uses, see
807:Mausoleum of Njegoš
473:, a village in the
411:On October 26, the
89:42.3991°N 18.8184°E
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832:Žabljak Crnojevića
756:Žabljak Crnojevića
377:With the entry of
298:to the village of
198:[lôːftɕen]
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51:Highest point
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552:978-1-84908-688-2
529:. 3 January 2021.
421:Cattaro, and the
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888:Institutions
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802:Vlach Church
797:Court Church
729:Subdivisions
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509:. Retrieved
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479:Montenegrins
459:Jezerski vrh
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322:'s aid, and
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254:Jezerski vrh
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1005:RTV Cetinje
945:Sport clubs
853:Skadar Lake
787:Blue Palace
635:Lake Skadar
351:dreadnought
316:World War I
310:World War I
92: /
67:Coordinates
1061:Categories
977:Volleyball
972:Basketball
647:Prokletije
612:Montenegro
485:References
391:Anton Haus
211:Montenegro
207:Montenegro
194:pronounced
150:Montenegro
80:18°49′06″E
77:42°23′57″N
914:Education
817:Orlov krš
812:Lipa Cave
770:Landmarks
475:Vojvodina
455:Mausoleum
445:Mausoleum
439:armistice
265:limestone
250:Štirovnik
219:Crna Gora
215:Crna Gora
105:Geography
57:Elevation
967:Handball
629:Durmitor
471:Lovćenac
465:See also
434:Budapest
423:Radetzky
418:Radetzky
413:Radetzky
406:Radetzky
402:Radetzky
397:Radetzky
384:Antivari
371:Budapest
336:Adriatic
269:dolomite
146:Location
1082:Cetinje
1029:History
1015:Pobjeda
862:Culture
827:Njeguši
746:Njeguši
706:Cetinje
511:27 June
357:Monarch
300:Njeguši
848:Lovćen
761:Zabrđe
736:Bajice
649:(2009)
643:(1952)
641:Lovćen
637:(1983)
631:(1952)
625:(1952)
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379:France
367:, and
320:Serbia
289:katuns
190:Ловћен
182:Lovćen
130:Lovćen
34:Ловћен
29:Lovćen
998:Media
982:Rugby
296:Kotor
285:guvna
261:karst
246:Kotor
741:Čevo
548:ISBN
513:2018
395:SMS
369:SMS
364:Wien
362:SMS
355:SMS
347:Pola
340:SMS
267:and
229:and
213:and
1020:Ars
610:of
453:'s
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184:(
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