608:
501:
2288:
2878:
2602:
2115:
1116:
25:
2421:
600:. The landing of fresh bands of Aghlabids compelled Adelchis to release his prisoner a month later, and Louis was forced to swear he would take no revenge for this injury, nor ever enter Benevento with an army. Returning to Rome, he was released from his oath, and was crowned a second time as emperor by
140:
408:. Little is known about his early life, except that he grew up in his grandfather's court and probably developed a warm affection for the emperor who, in 839, designated his grandson as King of Italy, and let Louis take up his residence in that country.
561:
who were ravaging southern Italy. In 866, after issuing a call for assistance to fight the
Muslims, he routed these invaders, but could not follow up his successes owing to the lack of a fleet. So in 869 he made alliance with the eastern emperor,
577:
between Louis the German and
Charles the Bald. Some jealousy between Louis and Basil followed the victory at Bari, and in reply to an insult from the eastern emperor Louis attempted to justify his right to the title "emperor of the Romans."
543:, who had been deposed by Nicholas for proclaiming this marriage invalid, obtained the support of the emperor, who reached Rome with an army in February 864; but, having been seized with fever, he made peace with the pope and left the city.
431:
on 15 June 844. This ceremony mirrors the crowning of
Lothair I by his father, a tradition started by Charlemagne and his son Louis the Pious, who were, respectively, great grandfather and grandfather of Louis II.
487:
as prince of
Salerno in December 853, displacing the dynasty he had installed there three years earlier. On the death of his father in September 855, he became sole emperor.
607:
472:
mercenaries and happily betrayed them to the emperor. Louis fell on them and they were massacred. He then quashed some accusations against Pope Leo and held a
3010:
145:
552:
452:
and undertook the independent government of Italy. He marched into the south of Italy in the year of his imperial coronation and compelled the rival
1078:
508:
The division of
Lothair's dominions, by which he obtained no territory outside Italy, aroused his discontent, and in 857 he allied himself with
2151:
1860:
596:
573:
Meanwhile, his brother
Lothair had died in 869, and owing to his detention in southern Italy, Louis failed to prevent the partition of
2995:
388:, who is the main source for Louis's activities in southern Italy, notes that "after his death a great tribulation came to Italy."
557:
In his efforts to restore order in Italy, Louis saw considerable success both against Italy's turbulent princes and against the
89:
453:
61:
891:
L'Italie méridionale et l'empire byzantin depuis l'avènement de Basile I jusqu'à la prise de Bari par les
Normands (867–1071)
822:
2838:
440:
Louis II immediately claimed the rights of an emperor in the City, a claim which was decisively rejected; but in 850 he was
1640:
1071:
441:
464:, to make peace. His mediation split the Lombard duchy and gave Radelchis his share with Benevento as his capital, whilst
3000:
359:
68:
42:
2798:
2144:
2060:
2040:
2020:
1853:
1816:
623:, but the emperor's attempts to punish Adelchis were not very successful. Returning to northern Italy, he died, near
108:
2750:
2055:
2025:
1995:
1776:
75:
2943:
2906:
2080:
2035:
1975:
1736:
1387:
1064:
2521:
2339:
2324:
2100:
2095:
2075:
2010:
1800:
1307:
616:
46:
689:
His ordinal and nickname comes from the fact that he was the second Louis to be emperor after his grandfather
57:
2476:
2401:
2090:
2085:
2065:
2045:
2030:
2015:
2000:
1960:
1955:
1824:
1808:
1784:
1704:
1696:
927:
795:
725:
2952:
2933:
2137:
2118:
2070:
2050:
2005:
1985:
1965:
1950:
1945:
1846:
1792:
1760:
1712:
1688:
1672:
663:
Gisela (852/855-before 28 April 868), Abbess of the
Monastery of San Salvador of Brescia from the year 861.
636:
246:
594:, prince of Benevento, in August 871. The capture of Louis was lamented in a contemporary short poem, the
1990:
1970:
1940:
1768:
1728:
1664:
2186:, the daughter of Pepin I, married Ansegisel, the son of Arnulf of Metz, and was the mother of Pepin II.
3005:
2585:
2410:
423:. Under his father's rule, he was crowned king and co-emperor to the middle-aged Emperor Lothair I at
3015:
941:
889:
315:
2271:
457:
468:
was given to
Siconulf as an independent principality. Radelchis, now pacified, had no need of his
3020:
2957:
1201:
35:
2209:
1575:
590:
to prepare for a further campaign when he was attacked in his palace, robbed and imprisoned by
82:
879:
Bouchard, Constance B. (1988). "The
Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age".
2689:
1744:
698:
656:
591:
528:
in return for assistance given to Lothair in his efforts to obtain a divorce from his wife,
2680:
2666:
1980:
1752:
1619:
363:
8:
2990:
2985:
2780:
2776:
2714:
2710:
2670:
2590:
2453:
2448:
2383:
2164:
2129:
1930:
1920:
1605:
1570:
1539:
1504:
1488:
1432:
1132:
1124:
1036:
977:
632:
628:
401:
305:
285:
2228:
2886:
2858:
2849:
2790:
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2552:
2296:
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2205:
1910:
1869:
1720:
1553:
917:
828:
666:
385:
350:
335:
273:
161:
157:
130:
1056:
935:
Barbara M. Kreutz 'Before the Normans: Southern Italy in the Ninth and Tenth Centuries
539:, and in 864 came into collision with Pope Nicholas I over his brother's divorce. The
2928:
2919:
2895:
2794:
2736:
2535:
1646:
1627:
1225:
818:
694:
268:
2765:
2699:
2581:
2247:
2236:
1915:
1900:
1561:
1480:
1456:
1027:
670:
517:
509:
484:
420:
416:
412:
210:
2754:
2746:
2723:
2718:
2652:
2610:
2463:
2329:
2287:
2201:
1925:
1905:
1885:
1680:
1589:
1512:
1496:
811:"How to Become Emperor – John VIII and the Role of the Papacy in the 9th Century"
690:
567:
521:
473:
428:
405:
500:
2742:
2625:
2572:
2530:
2458:
2315:
2232:
1935:
1656:
1448:
601:
525:
2979:
2877:
2471:
2355:
2334:
1597:
1087:
1007:
832:
810:
771:, transl. Michael Idomir Allen, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993), 182
535:
In 863, upon the death of his brother Charles, Louis received the kingdom of
524:
in 858, he reconciled with his brother, and received some lands south of the
331:
165:
2827:
815:
Transcultural Approaches to the Concept of Imperial Rule in the Middle Ages
371:
901:
Struggle for Empire: Kingship and Conflict under Louis the German, 817-876
2785:
2439:
2366:
1880:
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1440:
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714:
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1419:
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1371:
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261:
184:
1838:
631:, on 12 August 875, having named as his successor in Italy his cousin
566:, who sent him ships to assist in the capture of Bari, capital of the
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1115:
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16:
Ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 844–855 (with Lothair I), 855–875
139:
24:
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2420:
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1355:
1347:
1331:
1315:
1291:
1251:
536:
469:
461:
376:
176:
1411:
1403:
1275:
1267:
1259:
1243:
1235:
1164:
1156:
1102:
615:
Louis won further successes against the Aghlabids, relieving the
563:
465:
280:
1339:
1209:
1180:
1172:
481:
2183:
1217:
640:
624:
620:
477:
250:
234:
415:
between his sons: Louis' father, Lothair, and Louis' uncle,
396:
Louis was born in 825, the eldest son of the junior emperor
1188:
424:
190:
2159:
956:
Acta regum et imperatorum Karolinorum, digesta et enarrata
944:
Antiquitates Italicæ Medii ævi, Tome XIV, col. 106. (1778)
844:
2843:
from 888 until 898. It was the last Carolingian kingdom.
1086:
963:
The Fall of a Carolingian Kingdom: Lotharingia, 855-869
856:
796:
The Fall of a Carolingian Kingdom: Lotharingia, 855–869
711:
Post cuius obitum magna tribulatio in Italia advenit.
910:
The Frankish Kingdoms Under the Carolingians 751-987
949:
Die Regesten des Kaiserreichs unter den Karolingern
932:, Bände i. and iii. (Hanover and Berlin, 1826 fol.)
758:, ed.Christopher Kleinhenz, (Routledge, 2004), 655.
635:, son of Louis the German. Louis was buried in the
411:Louis the Pious died the next year, and his empire
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
404:. His father was the son of the reigning emperor,
793:Letter of Louis II to Basil I, tr. Charles West,
2977:
144:Louis as shown in a 12th-century manuscript of
520:. But after Louis had secured the election of
326:(825 – 12 August 875), sometimes called
2145:
1854:
1072:
504:Map of where Emperor Louis II issued charters
362:in 871, which led to poor relations with the
883:. 15, No. 3 (Spring). Duke University Press.
782:The Carolingians: A Family who forged Europe
769:The Carolingians: A Family who forged Europe
495:
907:
850:
597:Rythmus de captivitate Ludovici imperatoris
2392:
2152:
2138:
1861:
1847:
1079:
1065:
553:Louis II's campaign against Bari (866–871)
138:
419:, as well as their younger half-brother,
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
3011:Burials at the Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio
937:(University of Pennsylvania Press, 1996)
898:
878:
862:
742:, (Harvard University Press, 2016), 918.
606:
499:
2563:
1868:
448:, and soon afterwards, in 851, married
342:until 855, after which he ruled alone.
2978:
2839:West Francia was in the hands of the
2133:
1842:
1060:
808:
232:12 August 875 (aged 49–50)
358:("emperor of the Romans") after his
338:from 844, co-ruling with his father
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
887:
13:
14:
3032:
693:. He should not be confused with
2876:
2600:
2419:
2286:
2114:
2113:
1114:
923:Chronica S. Benedicti Casinensis
435:
374:while the Byzantines called him
354:("august emperor"), but he used
23:
2996:9th-century Holy Roman Emperors
756:Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia
651:On 5 October 851 Louis married
490:
34:needs additional citations for
908:Mckitterick, Rosamond (2014).
802:
787:
774:
761:
745:
732:
729:(Hannover: 1878), 222–30, §18.
704:
683:
1:
928:Monumenta Germaniae Historica
799:(Toronto, 2023), pp. 182–200
676:
973:Emperor Louis II the Younger
726:MGH SS rerum Langobardicarum
581:
480:. He confirmed the usurping
391:
274:Ermengard, Queen of Provence
7:
903:. Cornell University Press.
611:Louis' gravestone in Milan.
10:
3037:
3001:9th-century kings of Italy
2586:Pepin, Count of Vermandois
899:Goldberg, Eric J. (2006).
872:
659:. They had two daughters:
570:, which succumbed in 871.
550:
2942:
2918:
2885:
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2837:
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2562:
2551:
2520:
2505:
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2428:
2417:
2400:
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2354:
2314:
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2284:
2258:
2227:
2218:
2191:
2171:
2109:
1876:
1639:
1524:
1431:
1200:
1123:
1112:
1095:
1034:
1024:
1005:
997:
992:
971:
881:French Historical Studies
646:
637:Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio
496:Carolingian interventions
316:Chalcedonian Christianity
311:
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291:
279:
267:
257:
247:Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio
241:
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220:
216:
206:
196:
183:
171:
156:
137:
128:
123:
2176:Legend: → ≡ "father of",
1527:(title disputed 887–933)
512:against his own brother
381:("Emperor of Francia").
370:("emperor of Italy") in
345:Louis's usual title was
546:
2394:Sons of Charles Martel
2210:Childebert the Adopted
619:and driving them from
612:
586:He had withdrawn into
505:
2161:Pippinids, Arnulfings
809:Groth, Simon (2017),
699:Louis VII the Younger
697:, king of Saxony, or
657:Adelchis I of Spoleto
627:, in what is now the
610:
503:
442:crowned joint emperor
150:Chronicon casauriense
131:Emperor of the Romans
2591:Counts of Vermandois
1737:Lothair III (or II)
1090:between 476 and 1556
894:. Albert Fontemoing.
364:Eastern Roman Empire
43:improve this article
2944:Charles of Lorraine
2907:Charles of Lorraine
2777:Louis the Stammerer
2565:Sons of Charlemagne
2454:Charles the Younger
2449:Pepin the Hunchback
1870:Holy Roman emperors
1037:Carolingian emperor
978:Carolingian dynasty
958:(Vienna, 1867—1868)
888:Gay, Jules (1904).
629:province of Brescia
402:Ermengarde of Tours
356:imperator Romanorum
334:and emperor of the
306:Ermengarde of Tours
58:"Louis II of Italy"
2850:Charles the Simple
2791:Charles the Simple
918:Annales Bertiniani
613:
506:
454:dukes of Benevento
386:Andreas of Bergamo
336:Carolingian Empire
162:Carolingian Empire
3006:Frankish warriors
2973:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2822:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2795:Charles the Child
2737:Louis the Younger
2645:Louis II of Italy
2547:
2546:
2516:
2515:
2376:
2375:
2272:Hugh of Champagne
2127:
2126:
1836:
1835:
1647:Holy Roman Empire
1055:
1054:
1025:Succeeded by
951:(Innsbruck, 1881)
824:978-3-631-66219-9
738:Peter H. Wilson,
701:, king of France.
695:Louis the Younger
368:imperator Italiae
321:
320:
124:Louis II of Italy
119:
118:
111:
93:
3028:
3016:Sons of emperors
2880:
2835:
2834:
2802:Lothair the Lame
2766:Charles the Bald
2700:Louis the German
2619:
2618:
2604:
2560:
2559:
2436:
2435:
2423:
2389:
2388:
2290:
2237:Chlodulf of Metz
2225:
2224:
2179:* ≡ "brother of"
2154:
2147:
2140:
2131:
2130:
2117:
2116:
1863:
1856:
1849:
1840:
1839:
1828:
1820:
1812:
1804:
1796:
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1740:
1732:
1724:
1716:
1708:
1700:
1692:
1684:
1676:
1668:
1660:
1641:Kingdom of Italy
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1623:
1609:
1601:
1593:
1579:
1565:
1557:
1543:
1516:
1508:
1500:
1492:
1484:
1476:
1468:
1460:
1452:
1444:
1423:
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1168:
1160:
1152:
1144:
1136:
1118:
1106:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1058:
1057:
1028:Charles the Bald
998:Preceded by
988:
969:
968:
913:
904:
895:
884:
866:
860:
854:
851:Mckitterick 2014
848:
842:
841:
840:
839:
806:
800:
791:
785:
778:
772:
765:
759:
752:Emperor Louis II
749:
743:
736:
730:
708:
702:
687:
671:Boso of Provence
617:siege of Salerno
518:Charles the Bald
510:Louis the German
421:Charles the Bald
417:Louis the German
366:. He was called
360:conquest of Bari
211:Charles the Bald
146:Johannes Berardi
142:
121:
120:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
3036:
3035:
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3029:
3027:
3026:
3025:
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2975:
2974:
2965:
2938:
2914:
2881:
2872:
2844:
2829:
2814:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2769:
2760:
2753:
2747:Charles the Fat
2745:
2735:
2719:Louis the Child
2703:
2694:
2675:
2669:
2661:
2653:Louis the Blind
2630:
2614:
2611:Louis the Pious
2605:
2596:
2567:
2554:
2543:
2512:
2501:
2484:
2464:Louis the Pious
2424:
2415:
2396:
2382:
2372:
2350:
2310:
2291:
2282:
2254:
2214:
2187:
2182:
2167:
2158:
2128:
2123:
2105:
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1644:
1635:
1629:
1621:
1607:
1599:
1591:
1577:
1563:
1555:
1541:
1526:
1520:
1514:
1506:
1498:
1490:
1482:
1474:
1466:
1458:
1450:
1442:
1427:
1421:
1413:
1405:
1397:
1389:
1381:
1373:
1365:
1357:
1349:
1341:
1333:
1325:
1317:
1309:
1301:
1293:
1285:
1277:
1269:
1261:
1253:
1245:
1237:
1229:
1219:
1211:
1196:
1190:
1182:
1174:
1166:
1158:
1150:
1142:
1134:
1119:
1110:
1104:
1091:
1085:
1042:
1040:
1030:
1013:
1011:
1003:
982:
981:
974:
965:(Toronto, 2023)
961:West, Charles,
947:Muhlbacher, E.
942:Muratori, L. A.
875:
870:
869:
861:
857:
849:
845:
837:
835:
825:
817:, p. 122,
807:
803:
792:
788:
779:
775:
766:
762:
750:
746:
740:Heart of Europe
737:
733:
709:
705:
691:Louis the Pious
688:
684:
679:
649:
584:
568:Emirate of Bari
555:
549:
522:Pope Nicholas I
498:
493:
438:
429:Pope Sergius II
413:was partitioned
406:Louis the Pious
394:
384:The chronicler
253:
233:
164:
152:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3034:
3024:
3023:
3021:Frankish kings
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3013:
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3003:
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2867:
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2824:
2823:
2820:
2819:
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2812:
2809:
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2783:
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2771:
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2707:
2705:
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2684:
2677:
2676:
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2673:
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2639:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2626:Arnulf of Sens
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2525:
2518:
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2514:
2513:
2511:
2510:
2506:
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865:, p. 409.
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843:
823:
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780:Pierre Riche,
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767:Pierre Riche,
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669:, who married
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602:Pope Adrian II
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551:Main article:
548:
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22:
15:
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2364:Nibelung I →
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2356:Childebrand I
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2061:Ferdinand III
2059:
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2047:
2044:
2042:
2041:Maximilian II
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2021:Frederick III
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
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1783:
1781:
1777:Frederick II
1775:
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1048:
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1039:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1010:
1009:
1008:King of Italy
1002:
996:
991:
987:12 August 875
986:
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979:
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964:
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957:
953:
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946:
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920:
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911:
906:
902:
897:
893:
892:
886:
882:
877:
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864:
863:Bouchard 1988
859:
852:
847:
834:
833:j.ctv6zdbwx.7
830:
826:
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502:
488:
486:
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479:
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467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
436:Joint emperor
433:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
409:
407:
403:
400:and his wife
399:
389:
387:
382:
380:
378:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
352:
349:
343:
341:
337:
333:
332:king of Italy
329:
325:
317:
314:
310:
307:
304:
300:
297:
294:
290:
287:
284:
282:
278:
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240:
236:
231:
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223:
219:
215:
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209:
205:
202:
199:
195:
192:
189:15 June 844,
188:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
167:
166:King of Italy
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
141:
136:
133:
132:
127:
122:
113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2656:
2644:
2589:
2564:
2393:
2384:Carolingians
2365:
2242:
2231:
2165:Carolingians
2056:Ferdinand II
2026:Maximilian I
1996:Frederick II
1895:
1753:Frederick I
1620:Berengar II
1613:
1583:
1569:
1547:
1533:
1525:Non-dynastic
1497:Charles III
1472:
1441:Charlemagne
1433:Carolingians
1226:
1096:Non-dynastic
1049:
1043:
1035:
1020:
1014:
1006:
984:
976:
962:
955:
948:
936:
930:. Scriptores
926:
922:
916:
912:. Routledge.
909:
900:
890:
880:
858:
846:
836:, retrieved
814:
804:
794:
789:
781:
776:
768:
763:
755:
751:
747:
739:
734:
724:
715:
710:
706:
685:
650:
614:
604:in May 872.
595:
585:
572:
556:
534:
507:
491:Sole emperor
439:
410:
395:
383:
375:
372:West Francia
367:
355:
346:
344:
327:
323:
322:
149:
129:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2786:Carloman II
2553:Carolingian
2440:Charlemagne
2367:Nibelungids
2200:Carloman →
2081:Charles VII
2036:Ferdinand I
1981:Frederick I
1976:Lothair III
1906:Charles III
1881:Charlemagne
1827:(1530–1556)
1819:(1452–1493)
1811:(1431–1437)
1803:(1355–1378)
1801:Charles IV
1795:(1327–1347)
1787:(1311–1313)
1779:(1212–1250)
1771:(1209–1212)
1763:(1186–1197)
1755:(1154–1186)
1747:(1138–1152)
1745:Conrad III
1739:(1125–1137)
1731:(1106–1125)
1723:(1093–1101)
1715:(1056–1105)
1707:(1039–1056)
1699:(1026–1039)
1691:(1004–1024)
1683:(1002–1014)
1606:Lothair II
1540:Berengar I
1535:Unruochings
1481:Charles II
1420:Desiderius
1396:Hildeprand
1372:Aripert II
1227:Interregnum
954:Sickel, T.
721:Georg Waitz
575:Lotharingia
541:archbishops
516:, and King
458:Radelchis I
446:Pope Leo IV
444:at Rome by
328:the Younger
286:Carolingian
197:Predecessor
2991:875 deaths
2986:825 births
2980:Categories
2920:Lothair IV
2896:Lothair IV
2841:Robertians
2757:→ Adalbert
2729:Zwentibold
2663:Lothair II
2297:Grimoald I
2250:, his sons
2220:Arnulfings
2206:Grimoald I
2101:Francis II
2096:Leopold II
2076:Charles VI
2046:Rudolph II
2011:Charles IV
1901:Charles II
1825:Charles V
1809:Sigismund
1785:Henry VII
1721:Conrad II
1705:Henry III
1697:Conrad II
1675:(996–1002)
1650:(962–1556)
1465:Lothair I
1388:Liutprand
1364:Raginpert
1324:Perctarit
1300:Perctarit
1284:Aripert I
1149:Theodahad
1141:Athalaric
1133:Theodoric
1125:Ostrogoths
838:2023-12-05
677:References
653:Engelberga
514:Lothair II
450:Engelberga
330:, was the
262:Engelberga
185:Coronation
179:until 855)
69:newspapers
2781:Louis III
2731:→ Godfrey
2649:Ermengard
2636:Lothair I
2481:Theoderic
2430:Pepin III
2330:Pepin III
2306:Theudoald
2244:Ansegisel
2193:Pippinids
2091:Joseph II
2086:Francis I
2066:Leopold I
2031:Charles V
2016:Sigismund
2001:Henry VII
1961:Henry III
1956:Conrad II
1926:Louis III
1891:Lothair I
1793:Louis IV
1761:Henry VI
1713:Henry IV
1689:Henry II
1681:Arduin I
1673:Otto III
1667:(980–983)
1659:(962–973)
1630:(950–963)
1628:Adalbert
1622:(950–963)
1615:Anscarids
1608:(945–950)
1600:(926–947)
1592:(900–905)
1590:Louis II
1578:(922–933)
1564:(891–897)
1556:(889–894)
1549:Guideschi
1542:(887–924)
1507:(896–899)
1499:(879–887)
1491:(877–879)
1489:Carloman
1483:(875–877)
1475:(855–875)
1467:(818–855)
1459:(810–818)
1451:(781–810)
1443:(774–814)
1422:(756–774)
1414:(749–756)
1406:(744–749)
1390:(712–744)
1380:Ansprand
1374:(702–712)
1358:(700–702)
1356:Liutpert
1350:(689–700)
1348:Cunipert
1334:(688–689)
1332:Cunipert
1326:(671–688)
1316:Garibald
1310:(662–671)
1308:Grimoald
1302:(661–662)
1294:(661–662)
1292:Godepert
1286:(653–661)
1278:(652–653)
1270:(636-652)
1262:(626–636)
1254:(616–626)
1252:Adaloald
1246:(590–616)
1238:(584–590)
1230:(574–584)
1220:(572–574)
1212:(568–572)
1191:(552–553)
1183:(541–552)
1167:(540–541)
1159:(536–540)
1151:(534–536)
1143:(526–534)
1135:(493–526)
1105:(476–493)
1050:(850–855)
1046:Lothair I
1041:850 – 875
1021:(844-855)
1017:Lothair I
1012:844 – 875
1001:Lothair I
713:Andreas,
667:Ermengard
588:Benevento
582:Benevento
559:Aghlabids
530:Teutberga
398:Lothair I
392:Childhood
379:Phrangias
348:imperator
340:Lothair I
296:Lothair I
207:Successor
201:Lothair I
2887:Louis IV
2859:Louis IV
2799:Carloman
2739:→ Louis
2711:Carloman
2690:Pepin II
2658:Bosonids
2536:Adalhard
2490:Carloman
2402:Carloman
2347:Remigius
2325:Carloman
2248:Pepin II
2119:Category
2071:Joseph I
2051:Matthias
2006:Louis IV
1986:Henry VI
1966:Henry IV
1951:Henry II
1946:Otto III
1931:Berengar
1896:Louis II
1769:Otto IV
1729:Henry V
1665:Otto II
1585:Bosonids
1576:Rudolph
1562:Lambert
1473:Louis I
1457:Bernard
1412:Aistulf
1404:Ratchis
1276:Rodoald
1268:Rothari
1260:Arioald
1244:Agilulf
1236:Authari
1202:Lombards
1165:Ildibad
1157:Vitiges
1103:Odoacer
716:Historia
633:Carloman
592:Adelchis
537:Provence
470:Aghlabid
462:Siconulf
377:Basileus
351:augustus
324:Louis II
312:Religion
177:Lothar I
99:May 2021
2962:Charles
2929:Louis V
2900:Charles
2830:Francia
2811:Charles
2751:Bernard
2681:Pepin I
2671:Charles
2582:Bernard
2540:Bernhar
2522:Bernard
2468:Lothair
2340:Bernard
2276:Godfrey
2202:Pepin I
1991:Otto IV
1971:Henry V
1941:Otto II
1916:Lambert
1886:Louis I
1657:Otto I
1643:within
1513:Ratold
1505:Arnulf
1340:Alahis
1210:Alboin
1181:Totila
1173:Eraric
873:Sources
723:(ed.),
564:Basil I
466:Salerno
281:Dynasty
237:, Italy
160:of the
158:Emperor
83:scholar
2946:, sons
2934:Arnulf
2922:, sons
2889:, sons
2869:Rorico
2863:Arnulf
2852:, sons
2755:Ratold
2724:Ratold
2715:Arnulf
2638:, sons
2555:Empire
2524:, sons
2442:, sons
2432:, sons
2344:Jerome
2318:, sons
2268:Arnulf
2262:, sons
1936:Otto I
1921:Arnulf
1449:Pepin
1218:Cleph
983:
831:
821:
784:, 182.
647:Family
482:regent
302:Mother
292:Father
258:Spouse
242:Burial
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2958:Louis
2911:Henry
2903:Louis
2866:Drogo
2808:Pepin
2805:Drogo
2683:, son
2575:, son
2573:Pepin
2509:Pepin
2498:Pepin
2492:, son
2472:Drogo
2459:Pepin
2411:Drogo
2404:, son
2381:Early
2358:, son
2335:Grifo
2299:, son
2279:Pepin
2260:Drogo
2184:Begga
1598:Hugh
1571:Welfs
1515:(896)
1398:(744)
1382:(712)
1366:(701)
1342:(689)
1318:(671)
1189:Teia
1175:(541)
1044:with
1015:with
985:Died:
829:JSTOR
641:Milan
625:Ghedi
621:Capua
485:Peter
478:Pavia
269:Issue
251:Milan
235:Ghedi
172:Reign
90:JSTOR
76:books
2953:Otto
2828:West
2770:sons
2743:Hugh
2734:Otto
2704:sons
2667:Hugh
2615:sons
2531:Wala
2477:Hugh
2163:and
1645:the
1554:Guy
921:and
819:ISBN
547:Bari
474:Diet
460:and
425:Rome
229:Died
221:Born
191:Rome
62:news
1911:Guy
719:in
639:in
476:at
427:by
224:825
148:'s
45:by
2982::
2779:→
2749:→
2717:→
2713:→
2665:→
2655:→
2651:→
2647:→
2588:→
2584:→
2246:→
2235:→
2208:→
2204:→
1618::
1588::
1574::
1552::
1538::
827:,
813:,
754:,
643:.
532:.
456:,
249:,
2768:,
2702:,
2613:,
2153:e
2146:t
2139:v
1862:e
1855:t
1848:v
1080:e
1073:t
1066:v
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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