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When Louis the Pious was dying in 840, he sent the imperial insignia to
Lothair, who, disregarding the various partitions, claimed the whole of the Empire. He was 45 years old when his father died. Negotiations with his brother Louis the German and his half-brother Charles, both of whom resisted this
745:
as king. Lothair, however, soon changed his attitude and spent the succeeding decade in constant strife over the division of the Empire with his father. He was alternately master of the Empire, and banished and confined to Italy, at one time taking up arms in alliance with his brothers and at another
697:. At the same time, Aquitaine and Bavaria were granted to his brothers Pippin and Louis, respectively, as subsidiary kingdoms. Following the death of Bernard, brought on by his plotting against and blinding by Louis the Pious, Lothair also received the Kingdom of Italy. In 821, Lothair married
793:'s personal gallantry, Lothair was defeated and fled to Aachen. With fresh troops he began a war of plunder, but the forces of his brothers were too strong, and taking with him such treasure as he could collect, he abandoned his capital to them. He met with the leaders of the
685:. In 814, the elderly emperor died, and left his sole surviving legitimate son Louis the Pious as successor to his vast empire. The next year, Lothair would be sent to govern Bavaria for his father, the new emperor. In 817, Louis the Pious drew up his
754:
The first rebellion began in 830. All three brothers fought their father, whom they deposed. In 831, their father was reinstated and he deprived
Lothair of his imperial title and gave Italy to Charles. The second rebellion was instigated by
689:. In this, Louis designated Lothair as his principal heir and ordered that Lothair would be the overlord of Louis' younger sons Pippin of Aquitaine (who was 20) and Louis the German (who was 13), as well as his nephew (Lothair's cousin)
680:
Lothair was born in 795, to Louis the Pious and
Ermengarde of Hesbaye. His father was the son of the reigning Emperor, Charlemagne. Little is known of Lothair's early life, which was probably passed at the court of his grandfather
759:
in 833, and again Louis was deposed in 834. Lothair, through the loyalty of the
Lombards and later reconciliations, retained Italy and the imperial position through all remaining divisions of the Empire by his father.
647:
a co-heir to the
Frankish domains. Upon the father's death, Charles and Louis joined forces against Lothair in a three-year civil war (840–843). The struggles between the brothers led directly to the breakup of the
730:, concerning the relations of pope and emperor, which reserved the supreme power to the secular potentate, and he afterwards issued various ordinances for the good government of Italy.
854:, and remained in his new kingdom, engaging in alternate quarrels and reconciliations with his brothers and in futile efforts to defend his lands from the attacks of the Northmen (as
1252:
892:
In 855 he became seriously ill, and despairing of recovery renounced the throne, divided his lands among his three sons, and on 23 September entered the monastery of
1016:
1379:
1647:
2720:
2429:
17:
1127:
693:. Lothair would also inherit their lands if they were to die childless. Lothair, aged 22, was then crowned joint emperor by his father at
1407:
1200:"The Penitential State. Authority and Atonement in the Ages of Louis the Pious (814–840) – 1. Louis the Pious – A boy who became a king"
1132:
818:, signed in August 843. By this, Lothair received the imperial title as well as northern Italy and a long stretch of territory from the
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881:
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1161:
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2209:
1640:
3569:
290:
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2629:
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2589:
2422:
2385:
1272:
1235:
980:
756:
240:
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120:
98:
63:
91:
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1956:
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182:
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2369:
1876:
962:
160:
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and promised them his support in return for theirs, but Louis and then the native Saxon nobility put down the
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claim, were followed by an alliance of the younger brothers against
Lothair. A decisive battle was fought at
767:
Medallion portrait presumed to be of
Lothair, from the binding of the Lothaire Psalter in the British Library
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3502:
2706:
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189:
873:. The emperor put it down and the count joined him in an expedition against the Saracens in Italy in 846.
2559:
2539:
2509:
2337:
2297:
2233:
2755:, the daughter of Pepin I, married Ansegisel, the son of Arnulf of Metz, and was the mother of Pepin II.
3589:
3584:
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1435:
958:
896:, where he died six days later. He was buried at Prüm, where his remains were found in 1860. It was at
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171:
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3579:
1593:
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912:
746:
fighting against them, whilst the bounds of his appointed kingdom were in turn extended and reduced.
1301:
2840:
786:
734:
85:
763:
3614:
3594:
3526:
1770:
951:
862:(as those loyal to the various Fatimids, Umayyads and Abbasides are known in Frankish writings).
149:
3604:
2778:
2144:
1583:
1151:
102:
3258:
2313:
790:
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538:
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
672:
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814:. They agreed to an arrangement which developed, after much difficulty and delay, into the
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The same year, Lothair's kingdom was divided between his three sons in a deal called the
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in revolt against their father to protest against attempts to make their half-brother
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815:
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3311:
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2017:
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Peace negotiations began, and in June 842 the brothers met on an island in the
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358:
1393:
3396:
550:
1022:
Bertha (c. 830–852) Married to an unknown man, but later Abbess of Avenay.
3354:
3008:
2935:
2449:
2103:
2009:
916:
741:, a scheme which was carried out in 829, when the young prince was given
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1988:
1964:
1940:
1009:
965: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1199:
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138:
3226:
2989:
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1948:
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1900:
1884:
1860:
1820:
924:
870:
859:
847:
843:
835:
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554:
1052:(845–863) Invested with Provence, Lyon and Transjuranian Burgundy.
831:
811:
1980:
1972:
1844:
1836:
1828:
1812:
1804:
1733:
1725:
1671:
1415:
1401:
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866:
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897:
893:
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1908:
1778:
1749:
1741:
1430:
1373:
1335:, in Latin with English translation by Richard Matthew Pollard.
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won his consent to her plan for securing a kingdom for her son
694:
657:
326:
1316:
Those of My Blood: Creating Noble
Families in Medieval Francia
716:, and at Easter, 5 April 823, he was crowned emperor again by
2752:
1786:
827:
713:
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on 25 June 841, when, in spite of his and his allied nephew
1757:
721:
331:
273:
2728:
733:
On
Lothair's return to his father's court, his stepmother
1412:
Jahrbücher des deutschen
Reiches unter Ludwig dem Frommen
3412:
from 888 until 898. It was the last Carolingian kingdom.
656:, and laid the foundation for the development of modern
619:
Lothair I was the eldest son of the Carolingian emperor
1655:
911:, received Italy and the title of emperor; the second,
1025:
Gisela (c. 830–856) abbess of San Salvatore at Brescia
724:. In November 824, Lothair promulgated a statute, the
635:. On several occasions, Lothair led his full-brothers
1384:
Die Regesten des Kaiserreichs unter den Karolingern
163:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
885:13th-century stained glass depiction of Lothair,
27:Emperor of the Carolingian Empire from 817 to 855
3546:
1318:, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2001), 106.
1184:. University of Michigan Press. pp. 26, 34.
1145:
1143:
2714:
2423:
1641:
1140:
1004:(825–875) Crowned as King of Italy in 844 by
1227:The Carolingians: A Family Who Forged Europe
1223:
1136:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
604:; 795 – 29 September 855) was a 9th-century
1219:
1217:
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2961:
2721:
2707:
2430:
2416:
1648:
1634:
1150:William W. Kibler; Grover A. Zinn (1995).
749:
272:
1197:
1175:
1173:
981:Learn how and when to remove this message
858:were known in Frankish writings) and the
850:. He soon ceded Italy to his eldest son,
608:(817–855, with his father until 840) and
241:Learn how and when to remove this message
223:Learn how and when to remove this message
121:Learn how and when to remove this message
1214:
1122:
1031:(835–869) Succeeded his father. Married
880:
770:
762:
671:
545:
454:29 September 855 (aged 59–60)
84:This article includes a list of general
3132:
2437:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1099:
826:, essentially along the valleys of the
667:
14:
3547:
1250:
1193:
1191:
1170:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1079:
876:
834:; this territory includes the regions
3408:West Francia was in the hands of the
2702:
2411:
1629:
1253:"Remembering and Forgetting Lothar I"
712:In 822, he assumed the government of
1398:Geschichte des ostfränkischen Reichs
1341:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica sources
1230:. University of Pennsylvania Press.
1156:. Psychology Press. pp. 1065–.
963:adding citations to reliable sources
934:
900:that Lothair was most commemorated.
161:adding citations to reliable sources
132:
70:
29:
1188:
1076:
24:
1008:. Crowned Emperor in 850. Married
90:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
3626:
1423:
1056:One illegitimate child is known.
757:Angilbert II, Archbishop of Milan
45:This article has multiple issues.
3445:
3169:
2988:
2855:
2683:
2682:
1683:
1429:
1153:Medieval France: An Encyclopedia
1110:
939:
291:Bibliothèque nationale de France
137:
75:
34:
3565:9th-century Holy Roman Emperors
1257:Writing the Early Medieval West
950:needs additional citations for
652:assembled by their grandfather
553:denier of Lothair I, struck in
148:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
1308:
1244:
13:
1:
1364:Monumenta Germaniae Historica
1333:Surviving letters of Lothar I
1314:Constance Brittain Bouchard,
1064:
402:
283:
18:Lothair I, Holy Roman Emperor
3575:9th-century dukes of Bavaria
1069:
780:of Lothair I, from 840 to 55
7:
1015:Hiltrude (826–865) Married
865:In 845 the count of Arles,
491:
10:
3631:
3570:9th-century kings of Italy
3155:Pepin, Count of Vermandois
1325:
1251:Screen, Elina (May 2018).
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1524:
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1470:
1465:
1444:
1265:10.1017/9781108182386.017
1180:Duckett, Eleanor (1962).
1042:Rotrude (c. 840) Married
997:in 821, who died in 851.
930:
534:
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484:
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3600:Eifel in the Middle Ages
2745:Legend: → ≡ "father of",
2096:(title disputed 887–933)
1487:
1588:843 – 23 September 855
1133:Encyclopædia Britannica
750:Division of the kingdom
105:more precise citations.
2963:Sons of Charles Martel
2779:Childebert the Adopted
1600:as king of Lotharingia
1584:King of Middle Francia
1558:817 – 23 September 855
1544:as king of the Franks
1512:818 – 23 September 855
1179:
889:
781:
768:
701:(d. 851), daughter of
677:
562:
2730:Pippinids, Arnulfings
1224:Pierre Riche (1993).
1182:Carolingian Portraits
1060:Carloman (? – d. 853)
884:
869:, led a rebellion in
791:Pepin II of Aquitaine
774:
766:
675:
625:Ermengarde of Hesbaye
549:
539:Ermengarde of Hesbaye
413:Louis I the Pious as
289:, now located in the
265:Emperor of the Romans
3160:Counts of Vermandois
2306:Lothair III (or II)
1659:between 476 and 1556
1491:Pepin I of Aquitaine
1438:at Wikimedia Commons
1368:, Bände i. and ii. (
1259:. pp. 248–260.
1044:Lambert II of Nantes
959:improve this article
887:Strasbourg Cathedral
668:Early life and reign
637:Pepin I of Aquitaine
157:improve this article
3513:Charles of Lorraine
3476:Charles of Lorraine
3346:Louis the Stammerer
3134:Sons of Charlemagne
3023:Charles the Younger
3018:Pepin the Hunchback
2439:Holy Roman emperors
1617:as king of Provence
1451:Carolingian dynasty
1017:Berengar of Spoleto
995:Ermengarde of Tours
877:Death and aftermath
807:in the next years.
787:Fontenay-en-Puisaye
606:Carolingian emperor
479:Ermengarde of Tours
405:10 August 843 – 855
3419:Charles the Simple
3360:Charles the Simple
1554:Holy Roman Emperor
890:
782:
769:
727:Constitutio Romana
678:
676:Kingdom of Bavaria
563:
415:King of the Franks
368:17 April 818 – 855
303:Carolingian Empire
280:Gospels of Lothair
3590:Dukes of Lorraine
3585:Frankish warriors
3542:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3391:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3364:Charles the Child
3306:Louis the Younger
3214:Louis II of Italy
3116:
3115:
3085:
3084:
2945:
2944:
2841:Hugh of Champagne
2696:
2695:
2405:
2404:
2216:Holy Roman Empire
1624:
1623:
1620:
1608:Succeeded by
1603:
1591:Succeeded by
1549:
1525:Succeeded by
1488:Succeeded by
1434:Media related to
1359:Historiarum Libri
1349:Annales Fuldenses
1163:978-0-8240-4444-2
1039:, Count of Arles.
991:
990:
983:
687:Ordinatio Imperii
544:
543:
529:Louis I the Pious
386:Louis II of Italy
352:Louis II of Italy
342:Louis I the Pious
278:Lothair I in the
251:
250:
243:
233:
232:
225:
207:
131:
130:
123:
68:
16:(Redirected from
3622:
3610:Sons of emperors
3580:Kings of Bavaria
3449:
3404:
3403:
3371:Lothair the Lame
3335:Charles the Bald
3269:Louis the German
3188:
3187:
3173:
3129:
3128:
3005:
3004:
2992:
2958:
2957:
2859:
2806:Chlodulf of Metz
2794:
2793:
2748:* ≡ "brother of"
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2210:Kingdom of Italy
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2013:
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1643:
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1614:
1597:
1541:
1535:Preceded by
1498:Preceded by
1474:Louis the German
1471:Preceded by
1461:
1460:29 September 855
1442:
1441:
1433:
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1312:
1306:
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1137:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1107:
986:
979:
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972:
966:
943:
935:
919:; the youngest,
816:Treaty of Verdun
691:Bernard of Italy
645:Charles the Bald
641:Louis the German
495:
424:Louis II (Italy)
404:
377:Bernard of Italy
288:
285:
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101:this article by
92:inline citations
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3398:
3383:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3338:
3329:
3322:
3316:Charles the Fat
3314:
3304:
3288:Louis the Child
3272:
3263:
3244:
3238:
3230:
3222:Louis the Blind
3199:
3183:
3180:Louis the Pious
3174:
3165:
3136:
3123:
3112:
3081:
3070:
3053:
3033:Louis the Pious
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2984:
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2951:
2941:
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2734:Carolingians
2625:Ferdinand II
2595:Maximilian I
2565:Frederick II
2459:
2322:Frederick I
2189:Berengar II
2182:
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2094:Non-dynastic
2066:Charles III
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2002:Carolingians
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1404:, 1887–1888)
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971:October 2015
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957:Please help
952:verification
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47:Please help
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3355:Carloman II
3122:Carolingian
3009:Charlemagne
2936:Nibelungids
2769:Carloman →
2650:Charles VII
2605:Ferdinand I
2550:Frederick I
2545:Lothair III
2475:Charles III
2450:Charlemagne
2396:(1530–1556)
2388:(1452–1493)
2380:(1431–1437)
2372:(1355–1378)
2370:Charles IV
2364:(1327–1347)
2356:(1311–1313)
2348:(1212–1250)
2340:(1209–1212)
2332:(1186–1197)
2324:(1154–1186)
2316:(1138–1152)
2314:Conrad III
2308:(1125–1137)
2300:(1106–1125)
2292:(1093–1101)
2284:(1056–1105)
2276:(1039–1056)
2268:(1026–1039)
2260:(1004–1024)
2252:(1002–1014)
2175:Lothair II
2109:Berengar I
2104:Unruochings
2050:Charles II
1989:Desiderius
1965:Hildeprand
1941:Aripert II
1796:Interregnum
1546:and emperor
993:He married
923:, received
917:Lotharingia
915:, received
683:Charlemagne
654:Charlemagne
616:(843–855).
561:) after 850
551:Carolingian
519:Carolingian
410:Predecessor
373:Predecessor
338:Predecessor
172:"Lothair I"
103:introducing
3560:855 deaths
3555:795 births
3549:Categories
3489:Lothair IV
3465:Lothair IV
3410:Robertians
3326:→ Adalbert
3298:Zwentibold
3232:Lothair II
2866:Grimoald I
2819:, his sons
2789:Arnulfings
2775:Grimoald I
2670:Francis II
2665:Leopold II
2645:Charles VI
2615:Rudolph II
2580:Charles IV
2470:Charles II
2394:Charles V
2378:Sigismund
2354:Henry VII
2290:Conrad II
2274:Henry III
2266:Conrad II
2244:(996–1002)
2219:(962–1556)
2034:Lothair I
1957:Liutprand
1933:Raginpert
1893:Perctarit
1869:Perctarit
1853:Aripert I
1718:Theodahad
1710:Athalaric
1702:Theodoric
1694:Ostrogoths
1594:Lothair II
1446:Lothair I
1394:E. Dümmler
1366:Scriptores
1206:25 January
1202:. Academia
1128:Lothair I.
1065:References
1029:Lothair II
1010:Engelberga
913:Lothair II
699:Ermengarde
503:Lothair II
434:(Provence)
427:Lothair II
318:Coronation
183:newspapers
111:March 2016
86:references
50:improve it
3350:Louis III
3300:→ Godfrey
3218:Ermengard
3205:Lothair I
3050:Theoderic
2999:Pepin III
2899:Pepin III
2875:Theudoald
2813:Ansegisel
2762:Pippinids
2660:Joseph II
2655:Francis I
2635:Leopold I
2600:Charles V
2585:Sigismund
2570:Henry VII
2530:Henry III
2525:Conrad II
2495:Louis III
2460:Lothair I
2362:Louis IV
2330:Henry VI
2282:Henry IV
2258:Henry II
2250:Arduin I
2242:Otto III
2236:(980–983)
2228:(962–973)
2199:(950–963)
2197:Adalbert
2191:(950–963)
2184:Anscarids
2177:(945–950)
2169:(926–947)
2161:(900–905)
2159:Louis II
2147:(922–933)
2133:(891–897)
2125:(889–894)
2118:Guideschi
2111:(887–924)
2076:(896–899)
2068:(879–887)
2060:(877–879)
2058:Carloman
2052:(875–877)
2044:(855–875)
2036:(818–855)
2028:(810–818)
2020:(781–810)
2012:(774–814)
1991:(756–774)
1983:(749–756)
1975:(744–749)
1959:(712–744)
1949:Ansprand
1943:(702–712)
1927:(700–702)
1925:Liutpert
1919:(689–700)
1917:Cunipert
1903:(688–689)
1901:Cunipert
1895:(671–688)
1885:Garibald
1879:(662–671)
1877:Grimoald
1871:(661–662)
1863:(661–662)
1861:Godepert
1855:(653–661)
1847:(652–653)
1839:(636-652)
1831:(626–636)
1823:(616–626)
1821:Adaloald
1815:(590–616)
1807:(584–590)
1799:(574–584)
1789:(572–574)
1781:(568–572)
1760:(552–553)
1752:(541–552)
1736:(540–541)
1728:(536–540)
1720:(534–536)
1712:(526–534)
1704:(493–526)
1674:(476–493)
1576:(850–855)
1567:(817–840)
1521:(844–855)
1436:Lothair I
1408:B. Simson
1388:Innsbruck
1300:ignored (
1290:cite book
1070:Citations
1033:Teutberga
820:North Sea
805:Stellinga
796:Stellinga
743:Alemannia
578:Lotharius
566:Lothair I
421:Successor
383:Successor
348:Successor
258:Lothair I
56:talk page
3456:Louis IV
3428:Louis IV
3368:Carloman
3308:→ Louis
3280:Carloman
3259:Pepin II
3227:Bosonids
3105:Adalhard
3059:Carloman
2971:Carloman
2916:Remigius
2894:Carloman
2817:Pepin II
2688:Category
2640:Joseph I
2620:Matthias
2575:Louis IV
2555:Henry VI
2535:Henry IV
2520:Henry II
2515:Otto III
2500:Berengar
2465:Louis II
2338:Otto IV
2298:Henry V
2234:Otto II
2154:Bosonids
2145:Rudolph
2131:Lambert
2042:Louis I
2026:Bernard
1981:Aistulf
1973:Ratchis
1845:Rodoald
1837:Rothari
1829:Arioald
1813:Agilulf
1805:Authari
1771:Lombards
1734:Ildibad
1726:Vitiges
1672:Odoacer
1572:Louis II
1528:Louis II
1517:Louis II
1485:817–831
1002:Louis II
925:Provence
909:Louis II
871:Provence
860:Saracens
848:Provence
844:Burgundy
836:Lorraine
830:and the
777:Denarius
629:Ingerman
594:Lothaire
555:Dorestad
499:Louis II
391:King of
323:July 817
3531:Charles
3498:Louis V
3469:Charles
3399:Francia
3380:Charles
3320:Bernard
3250:Pepin I
3240:Charles
3151:Bernard
3109:Bernhar
3091:Bernard
3037:Lothair
2909:Bernard
2845:Godfrey
2771:Pepin I
2560:Otto IV
2540:Henry V
2510:Otto II
2485:Lambert
2455:Louis I
2226:Otto I
2212:within
2082:Ratold
2074:Arnulf
1909:Alahis
1779:Alboin
1750:Totila
1742:Eraric
1611:Charles
1501:Bernard
1416:Leipzig
1402:Leipzig
1390:, 1881)
1370:Hanover
1355:Nithard
1326:Sources
1280:9 April
1121::
1050:Charles
921:Charles
867:Fulcrad
856:Vikings
822:to the
739:Charles
662:Germany
633:Hesbaye
621:Louis I
602:Lotario
598:Italian
507:Charles
492:more...
475:Consort
432:Charles
301:of the
299:Emperor
197:scholar
99:improve
3515:, sons
3503:Arnulf
3491:, sons
3458:, sons
3438:Rorico
3432:Arnulf
3421:, sons
3324:Ratold
3293:Ratold
3284:Arnulf
3207:, sons
3124:Empire
3093:, sons
3011:, sons
3001:, sons
2913:Jerome
2887:, sons
2837:Arnulf
2831:, sons
2505:Otto I
2490:Arnulf
2018:Pepin
1787:Cleph
1456:
1374:Berlin
1271:
1234:
1160:
1115:
931:Family
846:, and
840:Alsace
801:Speyer
735:Judith
695:Aachen
658:France
590:French
586:Lothar
582:German
535:Mother
525:Father
463:Burial
327:Aachen
199:
192:
185:
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170:
88:, but
3527:Louis
3480:Henry
3472:Louis
3435:Drogo
3377:Pepin
3374:Drogo
3252:, son
3144:, son
3142:Pepin
3078:Pepin
3067:Pepin
3061:, son
3041:Drogo
3028:Pepin
2980:Drogo
2973:, son
2950:Early
2927:, son
2904:Grifo
2868:, son
2848:Pepin
2829:Drogo
2753:Begga
2167:Hugh
2140:Welfs
2084:(896)
1967:(744)
1951:(712)
1935:(701)
1911:(689)
1887:(671)
1758:Teia
1744:(541)
1561:with
1515:with
1458:Died:
852:Louis
832:Rhône
828:Rhine
812:Saône
714:Italy
570:Dutch
514:House
486:Issue
399:Reign
365:Reign
309:Reign
204:JSTOR
190:books
3522:Otto
3397:West
3339:sons
3312:Hugh
3303:Otto
3273:sons
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3184:sons
3100:Wala
3046:Hugh
2732:and
2214:the
2123:Guy
1372:and
1302:help
1282:2019
1269:ISBN
1232:ISBN
1208:2020
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894:Prüm
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443:Born
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