Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird

496: 920: 905:, autopilot, and manual control inputs would attempt to regain controlled flight, but often extreme yaw would reduce airflow in the opposite engine and stimulate "sympathetic stalls". This generated a rapid counter-yawing, often coupled with loud "banging" noises, and a rough ride during which crews' helmets would sometimes strike their cockpit canopies. One response to a single unstart was unstarting both inlets to prevent yawing, then restarting them both. After wind tunnel testing and computer modeling by NASA Dryden test center, Lockheed installed an electronic control to detect unstart conditions and perform this reset action without pilot intervention. During troubleshooting of the unstart issue, NASA also discovered the vortices from the nose chines were entering the engine and interfering with engine efficiency. NASA developed a computer to control the engine bypass doors which countered this issue and improved efficiency. Beginning in 1980, the analog inlet control system was replaced by a digital system, Digital Automatic Flight and Inlet Control System (DAFICS), which reduced unstart instances. 1029: 1701:, which the U-2 had been upgraded to carry. This meant that much of the SR-71's imagery and radar data could not be used in real time, but had to wait until the aircraft returned to base. This lack of immediate real-time capability was used as one of the justifications to close down the program. The counterargument was that the longer the SR-71 was not upgraded as aggressively as it ought to have been, the more people could say that it was obsolescent, which was in their interest as champions of other programs (a self-fulfilling bias). Attempts to add a datalink to the SR-71 were stymied early on by the same factions in the Pentagon and Congress who were already set on the program's demise, even in the early 1980s. These same factions also forced expensive sensor upgrades to the SR-71, which did little to increase its mission capabilities, but could be used as justification for complaining about the cost of the program. 973:

Robert Abernethy and are explained in his patent, "Recover Bleed Air Turbojet". His solution was to 1) incorporate six air-bleed tubes, prominent on the outside of the engine, to transfer 20% of the compressor air to the afterburner, and 2) to modify the inlet guide vanes with a 2-position, trailing edge flap. The compressor bleed enabled the compressor to operate more efficiently and with the resulting increase in engine airflow matched the inlet design flow with an installed thrust increase of 47%. A continuous turbine temperature of 2,000F was enabled with air-cooled 1st stage turbine vane and blades. Continuous operation of maximum afterburning was enabled by passing relatively cool air from the compressor along the inner surface of the duct and nozzle. Ceramic thermal barrier coatings were also used.

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half the air approaching the capture area had to be spilled at low supersonic speeds and the amount reduced as the design speed was approached because the inlet airflow had been designed to match the engine demand at that speed and the chosen design point ambient temperature. At this speed the spike shock touched the cowl lip and there was minimal spillage (with its attendant drag) as shown by Campbell. The inlet and engine matching was also shown by Brown who emphasized the benefit of increased engine airflow at higher Mach numbers that came with the introduction of the bleed bypass cycle. These two authors show the disparity between inlet and engine for the Blackbird in terms of airflow and it is further explained in more general terms by Oates.

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described in his patent "Variable Area Exhaust Nozzle". In this description the nozzle is an integral part of the engine (as it was in the contemporary Mach 3 General Electric YJ93. For the Blackbird powerplant the nozzle was more efficient structurally (lighter) by incorporating it as part of the airframe because it carried fin and wing loads through the ejector shroud. The nozzle used secondary air from two sources, the inlet cowl boundary layer and rear bypass from immediately in front of the compressor. It used external flow on the nacelle through the tertiary blow-in doors until ram closed them at Mach 1.5. Only secondary air was used at higher speeds with the blow-in doors closed.

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When operating as an efficient supersonic compressor (known as started), supersonic diffusion takes place in front of the cowl and internally in a converging passage as far as a terminal shock where the passage area starts increasing and subsonic diffusion takes place. The inlet may also operate very inefficiently if the terminal shock is not held in position by a control system. In this instance, if the shock moves forward of the minimum area (throat) it will be in an unstable position and shoots forward in an instant to a stable position outside the cowl (known as unstarted).

363:, head of Lockheed's Skunk Works unit in Burbank, California. The work on project Archangel began in the second quarter of 1958, with aim of flying higher and faster than the U-2. Of 11 successive designs drafted in a span of 10 months, "A-10" was the front-runner. Despite this, however, its shape made it vulnerable to radar detection. After a meeting with the CIA in March 1959, the design was modified to have a 90% reduction in radar cross-section. The CIA approved a US$ 96 million (~$ 758 million in 2023) contract for Skunk Works to build a dozen spy planes, named " 893:

spike boundary layer bleed slots where normal shock is located, 3) cowl boundary layer bleed 'shock trap' entrance, 4) streamlined bodies known as 'mice' in subsonic flow, 5) forward bypass bleed ports between each of the 'mice', 6) rear bypass ring, 7) louvres on external surface for spike boundary layer overboard, 8) louvers on external surface for front bypass overboard. Venting this bypass overboard could affect the aircraft flying qualities because it produced high drag, 6,000 lb at cruise with 50% door opening, compared to the total aircraft drag of 14,000 lb.

407: 986: 868: 3014: 2225: 1145:: the list first included 56 stars and was later expanded to 61. The ANS could supply altitude and position to flight controls and other systems, including the mission data recorder, automatic navigation to preset destination points, automatic pointing and control of cameras and sensors, and optical or SLR sighting of fixed points loaded into the ANS before takeoff. According to Richard Graham, a former SR-71 pilot, the navigation system was good enough to limit drift to 1,000 ft (300 m) off the direction of travel at Mach 3. 2157: 790: 799: 2422: 2008: 938: 859: 877: 1370: 3300: 2265: 1154: 929: 3006: 821:

the powerplant. Rather, it may be regarded as the heat pump in the over-all system of inlet, engine, and nozzle. The net thrust available to propel the aircraft may be to a large extent controlled by the performance of the inlet and nozzle rather than by the physical potentialities of the engine alone." This is illustrated for the Blackbird by the thrust contributions from each component at M3+ with maximum afterburner: inlet 54%, engine 17.6%, ejector nozzle 28.4%.

507: 3 with a two-men flight crew in tandem cockpits. The pilot in the forward cockpit operates the aircraft, and the reconnaissance systems officer in the rear operates the surveillance systems while navigating the mission flight path. The SR-71 was designed to minimize its radar cross-section, an early attempt at stealth design. Finished aircraft were painted in an almost black-like dark blue, to increase the emission of internal heat and to act as 1063:

tanks only sealed when the skin heated up as the aircraft speed increased. The ability of the sealant to prevent leaks was compromised by the expansion and contraction of the skin with each flight. However, the amount of fuel that leaked, measured as drops per minute on the ground from specific locations, was not enough to make refueling necessary; the planes refueled because the maximum speed of the aircraft was only possible with aerial refueling.

1742:, we can get a picture of them stacked up on the Serbian side of the bridge. We do not know whether they then went on to move across that bridge. We need the that a tactical, an SR-71, a U-2, or an unmanned vehicle of some sort, will give us, in addition to, not in replacement of, the ability of the satellites to go around and check not only that spot but a lot of other spots around the world for us. It is the integration of strategic and tactical. 568: 2201:, which take up to 24 hours to arrive in the proper orbit to photograph a particular target, make them slower to respond to demand than reconnaissance planes. The fly-over orbit of spy satellites may also be predicted and can allow assets to be hidden when the satellite passes, a drawback not shared by aircraft. Thus, there are doubts that the US has abandoned the concept of spy planes to complement reconnaissance satellites. 1757: 5703:" were flown weekly The second, which was called "Baltic Express" covered the Navy bases and military installations of the DDR and the Baltic countries. Because of the cramped waters, the route presented challenges as to keeping outside the territorial borders, and the pilots almost always followed the same identical route. SR-71 always came in over the radio beacon "Codan" 80 km south of Copenhagen heading east.] 1447: 619: 3022: 2402: 1008:

pressure increased with flight speed and the higher pressure in the exhaust system closed, first the blow-in doors and then started to open the nozzle flaps until they were fully open at M2.4. The final nozzle area did not increase with further increase in flight speed (for complete expansion to ambient and greater internal thrust) because its external diameter, greater than nacelle diameter would cause too much drag.

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Pentagon. These generals were adept at communicating the value of the SR-71 to a USAF command staff and a Congress who often lacked a basic understanding of how the SR-71 worked and what it did. However, by the mid-1980s, these "SR-71 generals" all had retired, and a new generation of USAF generals had come to believe that the SR-71 had become redundant, and wanted to pursue newer, top secret programs like the new

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located at higher speeds when the spike has moved rearwards, the cowl bleed 'shock trap' ram intake, streamlined bodies ('mice') and, between the mice, the forward bypass door openings which dump unwanted air externally through the front louvres and cause significant nacelle drag. When the landing gear is down, ambient air flows in reverse through the bypass to supplement the front inlet flow into the engine.

2410: 1054:, was injected to produce temperatures high enough to ignite the JP-7. The TEB produced a characteristic green flame, which could often be seen during engine ignition. The fuel was used as a heat sink for the rest of the aircraft to cool the pilot and the electronics. An electric starting system was not possible due to the limited capacity of the cooling system, so the chemical ignition system was used. 398:. The J58s were retrofitted as they became available, and became the standard engine for all subsequent aircraft in the series (A-12, YF-12, M-21), as well as the SR-71. The A-12 flew missions over Vietnam and North Korea before its retirement in 1968. The program's cancellation was announced on 28 December 1966, due both to budget concerns and because of the forthcoming SR-71, a derivative of the A-12. 781: 1256: 872:

subsonic flow. They were added after flight tests showed the subsonic diffusion was too rapid. Spike boundary layer bleed air passes through the four visible spike support struts and leaves the inlet through louvres. At low aircraft speeds air flows in reverse through the struts, out of the spike slots, and into the engine because the air entering the front of the inlet is inadequate.

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flaps are at their minimum area (closed). These nozzle and door positions correspond with full afterburner up to transonic speed, after which the doors close and flaps start to open. Secondary air from the inlet passes between the engine and nacelle and joins the blow-in door air to control the expansion of the engine exhaust through the shroud and trailing flaps.

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not going to meet the tactical requirements on the modern battlefield. And the determination was that if one could take advantage of technology and develop a system that could get that data back real time... that would be able to meet the unique requirements of the tactical commander." Hall also stated they were "looking at alternative means of doing ."

716:, discovered that a cross-section of a sphere had a greatly reduced radar reflection, and adapted a cylindrical-shaped fuselage by stretching out the sides of the fuselage. After the advisory panel provisionally selected Convair's FISH design over the A-3 on the basis of RCS, Lockheed adopted chines for its A-4 through A-6 designs. 1423:. The Blackbird was to retrace and photograph the flightpath of the hijacked 727 from Seattle to Reno and attempt to locate any of the items that Cooper was known to have parachuted with from the aircraft. Five flights were attempted but on each occasion no photographs of the flight path were obtained due to low visibility. 2040:

James V. Sullivan and Noel F. Widdifield, reconnaissance systems officer (RSO). This equates to an average speed of about Mach 2.72, including deceleration for in-flight refueling. Peak speeds during this flight were likely closer to the declassified top speed of over Mach 3.2. For comparison, the best commercial

523:(SAM) site to acquire and track the aircraft on radar. By the time the SAM site could track the SR-71, it was often too late to launch a SAM, and the SR-71 would be out of range before the SAM could catch up to it. If the SAM site could track the SR-71 and fire a SAM in time, the SAM would expend nearly all of the 1443:. Over the years, there were several emergency landings in Norway, four in Bodø and two of them in 1981, flying from Beale, in 1985. Rescue parties were sent in to repair the planes before leaving. On one occasion, one complete wing with engine was replaced as the easiest way to get the plane airborne again. 5789:

observed the SR-71 would always fly at 72,000 ft and the MiG-25 would reach 63,000 ft before completing its stern attack 2.9 km behind the Blackbird. "We were always impressed by this precision, it was always 63,000 ft and 2.9 km behind the SR-71," a retired Swedish Air Force flight controller told Crickmore.

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the CIA, NSA, and DIA. A general misunderstanding of the nature of aerial reconnaissance and a lack of knowledge about the SR-71 in particular (due to its secretive development and operations) was used by detractors to discredit the aircraft, with the assurance given that a replacement was under development.

1329:, Okinawa, Japan on 8 March 1968. These deployments were code-named "Glowing Heat", while the program as a whole was code-named "Senior Crown". Reconnaissance missions over North Vietnam were code-named "Black Shield" and then renamed "Giant Scale" in late 1968. On 21 March 1968, Major (later General) 1673:

In 1996, a former 1st-SRS and 9th-SRW commander, Graham, presented a strongly supported opinion that the SR-71 provided some intelligence capabilities that none of its alternatives could provide in the 1990s, when the SR-71 was retired. Opinion remained divided as to how crucial, or disposable, those

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On 29 June 1987, an SR-71 was on a mission around the Baltic Sea to spy on Soviet postings when one of the engines exploded. The aircraft, which was at 20 kilometres (12 mi) altitude, quickly lost altitude and turned 180° to the left and turned over Gotland to search for the Swedish coast. Thus,

1358:'s manager of Advanced Development Program, said in an interview in 2015 that high-tempo operations were not realistic for the SR-71. "If we had one sitting in the hangar here and the crew chief was told there was a mission planned right now, then 19 hours later it would be safely ready to take off." 1288:

Blackbird pilots and RSOs were provided with food and drink for the long reconnaissance flights. Water bottles had long straws which crewmembers guided into an opening in the helmet by looking in a mirror. Food was contained in sealed containers similar to toothpaste tubes which delivered food to the

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in another 17 minutes, having used one third of its fuel. It is a common misconception that the planes refueled shortly after takeoff because the fuel tanks, which formed the outer skin of the aircraft, leaked on the ground. It was not possible to prevent leaks when the aircraft skin was cold and the

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The engine was an extensively re-designed version of the J58-P2, an existing supersonic engine which had run 700 development hours in support of proposals to power various aircraft for the U.S.Navy. Only the compressor and turbine aerodynamics were retained. New design requirements for cruise at Mach

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Fig.9 The inlet (shown left) was depressed when the engine ran at high power settings with inadequate inlet ram (stationary and low flight speeds). The lower than ambient pressure in the inlet brought in extra air through the spike bleed and forward bypass louvres shown on the inlet external surface.

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Fig.5 A rear view of the inlet where air enters the engine. Air from the inlet also passes along the outside of the engine as the coolest air available for limiting the temperature of the engine externals. Visible in the inlet the terminal shock position is upstream of the 'mice' which are located in

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The SR-71 also holds the "speed over a recognized course" record for flying from New York to London—distance 3,461.53 miles (5,570.79 km), 1,806.964 miles per hour (2,908.027 km/h), and an elapsed time of 1 hour 54 minutes and 56.4 seconds—set on 1 September 1974, while flown by USAF pilot

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The SR-71 was the world's fastest and highest-flying air-breathing operational manned aircraft throughout its career and it still holds that record. On 28 July 1976, SR-71 serial number 61-7962, piloted by then Captain Robert Helt, broke the world record: an "absolute altitude record" of 85,069 feet

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showed that multiple MiG-25s with the order to shoot down the SR-71 or force it to land, had started right after the engine failure. A MiG-25 had locked a missile on the damaged SR-71, but as the aircraft was under escort, no missiles were fired. On 28 November 2018, the four Swedish pilots involved

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were ordered there. The mission was to do an incident preparedness check and identify an aircraft of high interest. It was found that the plane was in obvious distress and a decision was made that the Swedish Air Force would escort the plane out of the Baltic Sea. A second round of armed JA-37s from

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reconnaissance missions during the Vietnam War, the North Vietnamese fired approximately 800 SAMs at SR-71s, none of which managed to score a hit. Pilots did report that missiles launched without radar guidance and no launch detection, had passed as close as 150 yards (140 m) from the aircraft.

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The engine was an afterburning turbojet for take-off and transonic flight (bleed bypass closed) and a low bypass augmented turbofan for supersonic acceleration (bleed bypass open). It approximated a ramjet during high speed supersonic cruise (with a pressure loss, compressor to exhaust, of 80% which

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Fig.8 The afterburner was rated for continuous operation at 3,200 F made possible with ceramic coatings (colored white) on duct liner and flame holders and compressor bleed air cooling the duct and nozzle (above Mach 2.1 when the bleed was flowing). The nozzle is fully open, the maximum afterburning

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All three parts were linked by the secondary airflow. The inlet needed the boundary layers removed from its spike and cowl surfaces. The one with the higher pressure recovery, the cowl shock-trap bleed, was chosen as secondary air to ventilate and cool the outside of the engine. It was assisted from

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At supersonic speeds not all the airflow approaching the inlet capture area entered the inlet. At supersonic speeds an intake always adapts to the engine requirements, rather than forcing air into the engine, and the unwanted air flows around the outside of the cowl, causing spillage drag. More than

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Fig.3 This picture of an uninstalled engine being tested illustrates the need for cooling air around the exhaust duct.The engine, when installed as part of the powerplant, has secondary cooling air at 1200 degF passing over the afterburner duct (heated internally by combustion up to 3,200 degF). The

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Fig.1 The inlet extends from the spike tip to the group of four sets of three louvres which vent the spike boundary layer bleed overboard through spike support struts (x4). The engine extends from there to the ejector nozzle blow-in doors (shown open) and the nozzle extends from there to the ejector

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of its boost and sustainer phases just reaching the SR-71's altitude; at this point, out of thrust, it could do little more than follow its ballistic arc. Merely accelerating would typically be enough for an SR-71 to evade a SAM; changes by the pilots in the SR-71's speed, altitude, and heading were

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The U.S. was flying regular SR-71 aircraft reconnaissance missions in international waters over the Baltic Sea known as "Baltic Express" missions. But on June 29, 1987, during one of those missions, an SR-71 piloted by retired Lt. Cols. Duane Noll and Tom Veltri, experienced an inflight emergency.

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In 1988, Congress was convinced to allocate $ 160,000 to keep six SR-71s and a trainer model in flyable storage that could become flightworthy within 60 days. However, the USAF refused to spend the money. While the SR-71 survived attempts to retire it in 1988, partly due to the unmatched ability to

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The USAF may have seen the SR-71 as a bargaining chip to ensure the survival of other priorities. Also, the SR-71 program's "product", which was operational and strategic intelligence, was not seen by these generals as being very valuable to the USAF. The primary consumers of this intelligence were

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The features of the inlet and what they do are also explained in the "A-12 Utility Flight Manual" and in a presentation by Lockheed Technical Fellow Emeritus Tom Anderson All features are visible in varying degrees in Figures 1, 4 and 5. They are 1) centerbody or spike in fully forward position, 2)

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Engine operation was adversely affected when operating behind an unstarted inlet. In this condition the inlet behaved like a subsonic inlet design (known as a pitot type) at high supersonic speeds, with very low airflow to the engine. Fuel was automatically diverted, by the fuel derich system, from

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preferred the SR (Strategic Reconnaissance) designation and wanted the RS-71 to be named SR-71. Before the July speech, LeMay lobbied to modify Johnson's speech to read "SR-71" instead of "RS-71". The media transcript given to the press at the time still had the earlier RS-71 designation in places,

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Swedish air defense radar screens could see the much older but faster MiG-25 screaming in towards the Blackbird. Shortly after the MiG-31s had harried the SR-71 in the Arctic area, a lone MiG-25 Foxbat stationed at Finow-Eberswalde in the former GDR would intercept it over the Baltic. The Swedes

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and other senators complained that the "better than" successor to the SR-71 had yet to be developed at the cost of the "good enough" serviceable aircraft. They maintained that, in a time of constrained military budgets, designing, building, and testing an aircraft with the same capabilities as the

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addressed the question of why the SR-71 was retired, saying it was under "the belief that, given the time delay associated with mounting a mission, conducting a reconnaissance, retrieving the data, processing it, and getting it out to a field commander, that you had a problem in timelines that was

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The SR-71 program's main operational capabilities came to a close at the end of fiscal year 1989 (October 1989). The 1st Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron (1 SRS) kept its pilots and aircraft operational and active, and flew some operational reconnaissance missions through the end of 1989 and into

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sites as their crews tracked his airplane, but once his threat-warning receiver told him a missile had been launched, he switched off the jammer to prevent the missile from homing in on its signal. After landing, information from the SLAR, ELINT gathering systems, and the maintenance data recorder

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System (ASARS-1). Both the first SLAR and ASARS-1 were ground-mapping imaging systems, collecting data either in fixed swaths left or right of centerline or from a spot location for higher resolution. ELINT-gathering systems, called the Electro Magnetic Reconnaissance System, built by AIL could be

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As the SR-71 had a second cockpit behind the pilot for the RSO, it could not carry the A-12's principal sensor, a single large-focal-length optical camera that sat in the "Q-Bay" behind the A-12's single cockpit. Instead, the SR-71's camera systems could be located either in the fuselage chines or

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Fig.10 Ejector nozzle at the rear of the powerplant. The engine nozzle (left) is the first component in the exhaust system, followed by the secondary and tertiary air flows and ejector nozzle.The tertiary doors are open, there is a fixed convergent/divergent shroud and the ejector nozzle trailing

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The inlet needed internal supersonic diffusion since external compression used on slower aircraft caused too high a drag at Blackbird speeds. The aerodynamic features and functioning of the inlet are the subject of a patent, "Supersonic Inlet For Jet Engines" by the inlet designer, David Campbell.

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Fig.4 A view showing the entry to the inlet. Behind is the outer wing and hinged portion of the nacelle which encloses the engine. The spike is shown in the forward position (for speeds below M1.6). Just discernible behind the cowl lip are spike boundary layer bleed slots where the normal shock is

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atmosphere was the design point for the aircraft. However, in practice the SR-71 was more efficient at even faster speeds and colder temperatures. The specific range charts showed for a standard day temperature, and a particular weight, that Mach 3.0 cruise used 38,000 lb per hour of fuel. At 3.15

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and SR-71. It consists of three main parts, inlet, J58 engine and its nacelle, and ejector nozzle. All three have an important influence on the overall installed performance of the propulsion system. "Typical for any supersonic powerplant the engine cannot be considered separately from the rest of

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Almost every time the SR-71 was about to leave the Baltic, a lone MiG-25 Foxbat belonging to the 787th IAP at Finow-Eberwalde in was scrambled. Arriving at its exit point, the "Baltic Express" was flying at about 22km and the lone MiG would reach about 19km in a left turn before rolling out and

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To vanlige "melkeruter" ble fløyet ukentlig Den andre som ble kalt for "Baltic Express" dekket marinebasene og militærinstallasjonene til DDR og de baltiske landene. På grunn av det trange farvannet, bød ruten på utfordringer med å holde seg utenfor territorialgrensene, og flygerne fulgte nesten

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The nozzle had to operate efficiently over a wide range of pressure ratios from low, with no inlet ram with a stationary aircraft, to 31 times the external pressure at 80,000 ft. A blow-in door ejector nozzle had been invented by Pratt & Whitney engineer Stuart Hamilton in the late 1950's and

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Fig.11 A similar viewing angle, unstick speed 210 knots, to the 'exploded' view, and with the same operating configuration, afterburner nozzle open, blow-in doors open and trailing flaps closed due to low internal pressure with low speed low inlet ram. Note visible dark colored con-di shroud. Air

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The secondary airflow through the nacelle comes from the cowl boundary layer bleed system which is oversized (flows more than boundary layer) to give a high enough pressure recovery to support the ejector pumping action. Additional air comes from the rear bypass doors and, for low speed operation

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Analysis of the J58-P2 supersonic performance showed the high compressor inlet temperature would have caused stalling, choking and blade breakages in the compressor as a result of operating at low corrected speeds on the compressor map. These problems were resolved by Pratt & Whitney engineer

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Fig.7 View of J58 engine which shows some features required for flight at Mach3.2: titanium inlet guide vanes and first stage compressor blades for lighter weight at high ram temperatures, transonic first stage compressor blades and low hub/tip ratio compressor entry, both scaled from the bigger

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flew faster than usual to avoid multiple interception attempts. It was discovered after the flight that this had reduced the fuel consumption. It is possible to match the powerplant for optimum performance at only one ambient temperature because the airflows for a supersonic inlet and engine vary

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was a hybrid trainer aircraft composed of the rear fuselage of the first YF-12A (S/N 60-6934) and the forward fuselage from an SR-71 static test unit. The YF-12 had been wrecked in a 1966 landing accident. It has been reported that this Blackbird was seemingly not quite straight and had a yaw at

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Retired USAF Colonel Jay Murphy was made the Program Manager for Lockheed's reactivation plans. Retired USAF Colonels Don Emmons and Barry MacKean were put under government contract to remake the plane's logistic and support structure. Still-active USAF pilots and Reconnaissance Systems Officers

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from Finow to intercept the SR-71 on their way back out of the Baltic Sea. With the Blackbird flying at 22 kilometres (14 mi), the Foxbat would regularly close to an altitude of 19 kilometres (12 mi), precisely 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) behind the SR-71, before disengaging. The Swedes

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The USAF could fly each SR-71, on average, once per week, because of the extended turnaround required after mission recovery. Very often an aircraft would return with rivets missing, delaminated panels or other broken parts such as inlets requiring repair or replacement. There were cases of the

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Before takeoff, a primary alignment brought the ANS's inertial components to a high degree of accuracy. In flight, the ANS, which sat behind the reconnaissance systems officer's (RSO's), position, tracked stars through a circular quartz glass window on the upper fuselage. Its "blue light" source

552:. To control costs, Lockheed used a more easily worked titanium alloy which softened at a lower temperature. The challenges posed led Lockheed to develop new fabrication methods, which have since been used in the manufacture of other aircraft. Lockheed found that washing welded titanium requires 1788:

Congress's disappointment with the lack of a suitable replacement for the Blackbird was cited concerning whether to continue funding imaging sensors on the U-2. Congressional conferees stated the "experience with the SR-71 serves as a reminder of the pitfalls of failing to keep existing systems

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When stationary and at low speeds the inlet caused a loss in engine thrust. This was due to the flow restriction through the inlet when stationary. Thrust was recovered with ram pressure as flight speed increased (uninstalled thrust 34,000 lb, installed at zero airspeed 25,500 lb rising through

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The two most widely proposed reasons for the SR-71's retirement in 1989, offered by the Air Force to Congress, were that the plane was too expensive to build and maintain, and had been rendered redundant by other evolving reconnaissance methods, such as unmanned vehicles (UAVs) and satellites.

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At low flight speeds the engine exhaust pressure at the primary nozzle exit was greater than ambient so tended to over-expand to lower than ambient in the shroud causing impingement shocks. Secondary and blow-in door air surrounding the exhaust cushioned it preventing over-expansion. Inlet ram

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a week for nearly two years. By 1970, the SR-71s were averaging two sorties per week, and by 1972, they were flying nearly one sortie every day. Two SR-71s were lost during these missions, one in 1970 and the second aircraft in 1972, both due to mechanical malfunctions. Over the course of its

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in SR-71 serial number 61-7976 from Kadena AFB, Okinawa. During its career, this aircraft (976) accumulated 2,981 flying hours and flew 942 total sorties (more than any other SR-71), including 257 operational missions, from Beale AFB; Palmdale, California; Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, Japan; and

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In the early years of operation, the analog computers would not always keep up with rapidly changing inputs from the nose boom. If the duct back pressure became too great and the spike was incorrectly positioned, the shock wave would suddenly blow out the front of the inlet, causing an "inlet

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The reactivation met much resistance: the USAF had not budgeted for the aircraft, and UAV developers worried that their programs would suffer if money was shifted to support the SR-71s. Also, with the allocation requiring yearly reaffirmation by Congress, long-term planning for the SR-71 was

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Graham noted that in the 1970s and early 1980s, in order to be selected into the SR-71 program, a pilot or navigator (RSO) had to be a top-quality USAF officer, so SR-71 squadron and wing commanders often pursued career advancement with promotion into higher positions within the USAF and the

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The cockpit could be pressurized to an altitude of 10,000 or 26,000 ft (3,000 or 8,000 m) during flight. The cabin needed a heavy-duty cooling system, as cruising at Mach 3.2 would heat the aircraft's external surface well beyond 500 °F (260 °C) and the inside of the

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The high temperatures generated in flight required special design and operating techniques. Major sections of the skin of the inboard wings were corrugated, not smooth. Aerodynamicists initially opposed the concept, disparagingly referring to the aircraft as a Mach 3 variant of the 1920s-era

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During the later stages of its testing, the B-70 was proposed for a reconnaissance/strike role, with an "RS-70" designation. When the A-12's performance potential was clearly found to be much greater, the USAF ordered a variant of the A-12 in December 1962, which was originally named R-12 by

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On a typical mission, the SR-71 took off with only a partial fuel load to reduce stress on the brakes and tires during takeoff and also ensure it could successfully take off should one engine fail. Within 20 seconds the aircraft traveled 4,500 feet (1,400 m), reached 240 miles per hour

1220:(ECMs), including warning and active electronic systems built by several ECM companies and called Systems A, A2, A2C, B, C, C2, E, G, H, and M. On a given mission, an aircraft carried several of these frequency/purpose payloads to meet the expected threats. Major Jerry Crew, an RSO, told 610:

to the titanium frame. The temperature of the exterior of the windscreen reached 600 °F (316 °C) during a mission. Cooling was carried out by cycling fuel behind the titanium surfaces in the chines. On landing, the canopy temperature was more than 572 °F (300 °C).

1627:. Out of 322 recorded Baltic Express sorties between 1977 and 1988, the Swedish Air Force claims that they succeeded in attaining missile lock on the SR-71 in 51 of them. However, with a combined closing speed of Mach 5, the Swedes were reliant on the Blackbird not changing course. 638:, contained aluminum and were inflated with nitrogen. They cost $ 2,300 each and generally required replacing within 20 missions. The Blackbird landed at more than 170 knots (200 mph; 310 km/h) and deployed a drag parachute to reduce landing roll and brake and tire wear. 1284:

to dump heat from the cockpit into the fuel prior to combustion. The same air-conditioning system was also used to keep the front (nose) landing gear bay cool, thereby eliminating the need for the special aluminum-impregnated tires similar to those used on the main landing gear.

803:

heating, followed by the primary nozzle restriction, have accelerated the exhaust to sonic speed as it leaves the primary nozzle (shown). The ejector nozzle (not shown) surrounds the primary exhaust with secondary and tertiary air to cushion its expansion in the ejector nozzle.

614:

Some SR-71s had red lines painted on the upper surface of the wing to show "no step" areas which included the trailing edge and the thin, fragile skin where the inner wing blended into the fuselage. This portion of the skin was only supported by widely spaced structural ribs.

655:

ore. It's a very sandy soil and it's only found in very few parts of the world. The major supplier of the ore was the USSR. Working through Third World countries and bogus operations, they were able to get the rutile ore shipped to the United States to build the SR-71.

2141:

Mr. President, the termination of the SR-71 was a grave mistake and could place our nation at a serious disadvantage in the event of a future crisis. Yesterday's historic transcontinental flight was a sad memorial to our short-sighted policy in strategic aerial

708:-based fuel additives were used to somewhat reduce the visibility of exhaust plumes to radar, although exhaust streams remained quite apparent. Johnson later conceded that Soviet radar technology advanced faster than the stealth technology employed against it. 468:

in developing new weapons. Johnson decided to counter this criticism by revealing the existence of the YF-12A USAF interceptor, which also served as cover for the still-secret A-12 and the USAF reconnaissance model since July 1964. USAF Chief of Staff General

544:

was limited by the costs involved; it was generally used only in components exposed to the highest temperatures, such as exhaust fairings and the leading edges of wings. On the SR-71, titanium was used for 85% of the structure, with much of the rest being

845:

Mach the fuel flow was 36,000 lb/hr. Flying in colder temperatures (known as temperature deviations from the standard day) would also reduce the fuel used, eg with a -10 degC temperature the fuel flow was 35,000 lb/hr. During one mission, SR-71 pilot

518:

to evade interception efforts, its greatest protection was its combination of high altitude and very high speed, which made it almost invulnerable at the time. Along with its low radar cross-section, these qualities gave a very short time for an enemy

441:, and a photo camera. The CIA's A-12 was a better photo-reconnaissance platform than the USAF's R-12: since the A-12 flew somewhat higher and faster, and with only one pilot, it had room to carry a superior camera and more instruments. The A-12 flew 646:

Titanium was in short supply in the United States, so the Skunk Works team was forced to look elsewhere for the metal. Much of the needed material came from the Soviet Union. Colonel Rich Graham, SR-71 pilot, described the acquisition process:

1235:

were subjected to postflight ground analysis. In the later years of its operational life, a datalink system could send ASARS-1 and ELINT data from about 2,000 nmi (3,700 km) of track coverage to a suitably equipped ground station.

1693:

told the Senate Appropriations Committee that the SR-71 cost $ 85,000 per hour to operate. Opponents estimated the aircraft's support cost at $ 400 to $ 700 million per year, though the cost was actually closer to $ 300 million.

1789:

up-to-date and capable in the hope of acquiring other capabilities." It was agreed to add $ 100 million to the budget to return three SR-71s to service, but it was emphasized that this "would not prejudice support for long-endurance

1725:

1990, due to uncertainty over the timing of the final termination of funding for the program. The squadron finally closed in mid-1990, and the aircraft were distributed to static display locations, with a number kept in reserve storage.

481:

canceled the F-12 interceptor program. The specialized tooling used to manufacture both the YF-12 and the SR-71 was also ordered destroyed. Production of the SR-71 totaled 32 aircraft with 29 SR-71As, two SR-71Bs, and the single SR-71C.

1201:(TEOC), which could be directed up to 45° left or right of the centerline. Initially, the TEOCs could not match the resolution of the A-12's larger camera, but rapid improvements in both the camera and film improved this performance. 474:

creating the story that the president had misread the aircraft's designation. To conceal the A-12's existence, Johnson referred only to the A-11, while revealing the existence of a high speed, high altitude reconnaissance aircraft.

711:

The SR-71 featured chines, a pair of sharp edges leading aft from either side of the nose along the fuselage. These were not a feature on the early A-3 design; Frank Rodgers, a doctor at the Scientific Engineering Institute, a CIA

1415:

Only one crew member, Jim Zwayer, a Lockheed flight-test reconnaissance and navigation systems specialist, was killed in a flight accident. The rest of the crew members ejected safely or evacuated their aircraft on the ground.

5734: 588:, which was known for its corrugated aluminum skin. But high heat would have caused a smooth skin to split or curl, whereas the corrugated skin could expand vertically and horizontally and had increased longitudinal strength. 735:

could be reduced for greater stability and less drag at high speeds, allowing more weight to be carried, such as fuel. Landing speeds were also reduced, as the chines' vortices created turbulent flow over the wings at high

1905:

21 July 1967: Jim Watkins and Dave Dempster fly first international sortie in SR-71A, AF Ser. No. 61-7972, when the Astro-Inertial Navigation System (ANS) fails on a training mission and they accidentally fly into Mexican

3858: 5077: 4333: 2205:(UAVs) are also used for aerial reconnaissance in the 21st century, being able to overfly hostile territory without putting human pilots at risk, as well as being smaller and harder to detect than manned aircraft. 1275:

at Mach 3.2 would subject crews to temperatures of about 450 °F (230 °C); thus, during a high-altitude ejection scenario, an onboard oxygen supply would keep the suit pressurized during the descent.

919: 1949:

27–28 July 1976: SR-71A sets speed and altitude records (altitude in horizontal flight: 85,068.997 ft (25,929.030 m) and speed over a straight course: 2,193.167 miles per hour (3,529.560 km/h))

793:

Fig.2 These diagrams show operation of the air inlet, flow through the engine (primary air), nacelle flow past the engine (secondary air), and flow into the ejector nozzle (primary, secondary and tertiary

564:-plated tools could not be used, as they also caused corrosion. Metallurgical contamination was another problem; at one point, 80% of the delivered titanium for manufacture was rejected on these grounds. 495: 301:

On average, each SR-71 could fly once per week due to the extended turnaround required after mission recovery. A total of 32 aircraft were built, with 12 lost in accidents, and none lost to enemy action.

4535:

SR-71 Inlet Design Issues And Solutions Dealing With Behaviourally Challenged Supersonic Flow Systems, Tom Anderson, Lockheed Martin Corporation, presented at AEHS Convention 2014 'Inlet Diffuser Photos'

528:

also often enough to spoil any radar lock on the plane by SAM sites or enemy fighters. At sustained speeds of more than Mach 3.2, the plane was faster than the Soviet Union's fastest interceptor, the

2252:

supersonic speeds. However, this was caused by a mis-aligned pitot tube reporting a 4° yaw that was not actually present. It was soon corrected and then flew normally. It was nicknamed "The Bastard".

837:

the inlet by the pumping action of the engine exhaust in the ejector nozzle, cushioning the engine exhaust as it expanded over a wide range of pressure ratios which increased with flight speed.

429:

Lockheed. This USAF version was longer and heavier than the original A-12 because it had a longer fuselage to hold more fuel. The R-12 also had a larger two-seat cockpit, and reshaped fuselage

271:(USAF) in January 1966. In 1989, the USAF retired the SR-71, largely for political reasons, although several were briefly reactivated during the 1990s, before their second retirement in 1998. 2097:

Los Angeles, California, to Washington, D.C., distance 2,299.7 miles (3,701.0 km), average speed 2,144.8 miles per hour (3,451.7 km/h), and an elapsed time of 64 minutes 20 seconds.

4299: 630:

showing red lined no-step areas. Not shown on this museum exhibit is the additional NO STEP wording on operational aircraft which showed to which side of the line the warning was applicable.

2125:

reported that the USAF clocked the SR-71 at one point in its flight reaching 2,242.48 miles per hour (3,608.92 km/h). After the Los Angeles–Washington flight, on 6 March 1990, Senator

1263:

Flying at 80,000 ft (24,000 m) meant that crews could not use standard masks, which could not provide enough oxygen above 43,000 ft (13,000 m). Specialized protective

5563:

Beale Air Force Base, California, had offered, free of charge to the Bureau, use of an SR-71 aircraft to photograph terrain over which the hijacked airplane had flown on its trip to Reno

1734:

From the operator's perspective, what I need is something that will not give me just a spot in time but will give me a track of what is happening. When we are trying to find out if the

1137:, which could see stars during both day and night, would continuously track a variety of stars as the aircraft's changing position brought them into view. The system's digital computer 1077:

tankers were required to refuel the SR-71. The KC-135Q had a modified high-speed boom, which would allow refueling of the Blackbird at nearly the tanker's maximum airspeed with minimum

5726: 1198: 5299: 2113:

St. Louis, Missouri, to Cincinnati, Ohio, distance 311.4 miles (501.1 km), average speed 2,189.9 miles per hour (3,524.3 km/h), and an elapsed time of 8 minutes 32 seconds.

2093:. On 6 March 1990, Lt. Col. Raymond E. Yeilding and Lt. Col. Joseph T. Vida piloted SR-71 S/N 61–7972 on its final Senior Crown flight and set four new speed records in the process: 1814:

difficult. In 1996, the USAF claimed that specific funding had not been authorized, and moved to ground the program. Congress reauthorized the funds, but, in October 1997, President

2051:

On 26 April 1971, 61–7968, flown by majors Thomas B. Estes and Dewain C. Vick, flew over 15,000 miles (24,000 km) in 10 hours and 30 minutes. This flight was awarded the 1971

6472: 5775: 4576:

SR-71 Inlet Design Issues And Solutions Dealing With Behaviourally Challenged Supersonic Flow Systems, Tom Anderson, Lockheed Martin Corporation, presented at AEHS Convention 2014

2110:

Kansas City, Missouri, to Washington, D.C., distance 942 miles (1,516 km), average speed 2,176 miles per hour (3,502 km/h), and an elapsed time of 25 minutes 59 seconds.

5961: 418: 1652:Ängelholm replaced the first pair and completed the escort to Danish airspace. The event had been classified for over 30 years, and when the report was unsealed, data from the 3864: 1190: 1028: 850:

differently with ambient temperature. For an inlet the airflow varies inversely with the square root of the temperature, and for the engine it varies with the direct inverse.

5887: 5086: 4455:"Aerothermodynamics of Aircraft Gas Turbine Engines", Oates, Air Force Aero Propulsion Laboratory, Figure 13.1.17 'Elements of Inlet Airflow Supply Determination, (a) and (b) 320:

In 1974, on two separate flights, the SR-71 set the record for highest sustained flight, and also the fastest flight time between London and New York. In 1976, it became the

12907: 6441: 4622: 1526:, and then follow the Swedish coast back towards Denmark. If the SR-71s attempted the turn at Mach 3, they could end up violating Swedish airspace, and the Swedes would 5580:

photographic over-flights using SR-71 aircraft were conducted on five separate occasions with no photographs obtained due to limited visibility from very high altitude.

999:

entering the blow-in doors joins secondary air from the inlet and flows over the fixed shroud surface and trailing flaps whilst surrounding the exhaust from the engine.

11599: 11253: 10533: 1713:, the decision to retire the SR-71 from active duty came in 1989, with the last missions flown in October that year. Four months after the plane's retirement, General 1830:. All this left the SR-71's status uncertain until September 1998, when the USAF called for the funds to be redistributed; the USAF permanently retired it in 1998. 1173:(ELINT) gathering systems; defensive systems for countering missile and airborne fighters; and recorders for SLAR, ELINT, and maintenance data. The SR-71 carried a 5537:

Quote from Reg Blackwell, SR-71 pilot, interviewed for "Battle Stations" episode "SR-71 Blackbird Stealth Plane", first aired on History Channel 15 December 2002.

2837:

Lost, 21 April 1989 after compressor failure caused catastrophic left engine failure. Remains of aircraft recovered then on 24 December 1989 buried at sea in the

595:

of several inches. Because of this, and the lack of a fuel-sealing system that could handle the airframe's expansion at extreme temperatures, the aircraft leaked

3410: 933:

position. The main purpose of the variable nozzle area was to control engine operation which it did in conjunction with varying heat release in the afterburner.

11317: 8989: 8948: 1805:. Modifications were made to provide a data-link with "near real-time" transmission of the Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar's imagery to sites on the ground. 1564:, although only the Sukhois would have even a slim chance of successfully intercepting the American aircraft. The greater Soviet threat came from the MiG-25s 12744: 5449: 278:

During missions, the SR-71 operated at high speeds and altitudes (Mach 3.2 and 85,000 ft; 26,000 m), allowing it to evade or outrace threats. If a

11239: 11217: 10111: 1314:

reporting a speed in excess of Mach 3.5 on an operational sortie while evading a missile over Libya. The first SR-71 to enter service was delivered to the

901:". During unstarts, afterburner extinctions were common. The remaining engine's asymmetrical thrust would cause the aircraft to yaw violently to one side. 5669: 9646: 9631: 9561: 9556: 9546: 9536: 9526: 9516: 9511: 9506: 9481: 9461: 9456: 9451: 9441: 2376:(Forward Operating Locations at Eielson AFB, Alaska; Griffis AFB, New York; Seymour-Johnson AFB, North Carolina; Diego Garcia and Bodo, Norway 1973–1990) 1058:(390 km/h), and lifted off. It reached 20,000 feet (6,100 m) of altitude in less than two minutes, and the typical 80,000 feet (24,000 m) 2432:

Twelve SR-71s were lost and one pilot died in accidents during the aircraft's service career. Eleven of these accidents happened between 1966 and 1972.

12922: 10273: 10228: 10223: 10218: 10203: 8257: 8031: 7710: 3528:

Maximum speed limit was Mach 3.2, but could be raised to Mach 3.3 if the engine compressor inlet temperature did not exceed 801 °F (427 °C).

10051: 9946: 9911: 9866: 9846: 9841: 6707: 3656: 1797:(RSOs) who had worked with the aircraft were asked to volunteer to fly the reactivated planes. The aircraft was under the command and control of the 591:

Fuselage panels were manufactured to fit only loosely with the aircraft on the ground. Proper alignment was achieved as the airframe heated up, with

7979:

Goodall, James and Jay Miller. "Lockheed's SR-71 'Blackbird' Family A-12, F-12, M-21, D-21, SR-71". Hinckley, UK: AeroFax-Midland Publishing, 2002.

5748:

always completing its stern attack 3km behind its target. We were always impressed by this precision; it was always 22km and 3 km behind the SR-71.

3480:

could sustain speeds of Mach 2.83, but they also had an emergency option to reach Mach 3.2 if they were willing to replace their engines afterwards.

1793:" . The funding was later cut to $ 72.5 million. The Skunk Works was able to return the aircraft to service under budget at $ 72 million. 1070:

to replenish fuel during long-duration missions. Supersonic flights generally lasted no more than 90 minutes before the pilot had to find a tanker.

651:

The airplane is 92% titanium inside and out. Back when they were building the airplane the United States didn't have the ore supplies—an ore called

12408: 9671: 9661: 4307: 4231: 692:, which indicated that a shape with flattened, tapering sides would reflect most energy away from a radar beam's place of origin, engineers added 10459: 10454: 10449: 4827:(Technical report). Pratt & Whitney Aircraft Group. attachment RDP90B00170R000200280025-6 to CIA-RDP90B00170R000100050008-1 – via CIA. 1085:(for the KC-135Q itself) and JP-7 (for the SR-71) between different tanks. As an aid to the pilot when refueling, the cockpit was fitted with a 10508: 7839: 3911: 3405: 2877: 2426: 2107:, distance 2,404 miles (3,869 km), average speed 2,124.5 miles per hour (3,419.1 km/h), and an elapsed time of 67 minutes 54 seconds. 1343: 7214: 6657: 7820: 2381: 8136: 1962:

21 April 1989: SR-71, AF Ser. No. 61-7974, is lost due to an engine explosion after taking off from Kadena AB, the last Blackbird to be lost

11552: 11500: 7669: 5307: 4497: 3770: 1836:

operated the two last airworthy Blackbirds until 1999. All other Blackbirds have been moved to museums except for the two SR-71s and a few

425:. However, a bomber variant of the Blackbird was briefly given the B-71 designator, which was retained when the type was changed to SR-71. 5727:"VIGGEN Vs BLACKBIRD: HOW SWEDISH AIR FORCE JA-37 FIGHTER PILOTS WERE ABLE TO ACHIEVE RADAR LOCK ON THE LEGENDARY SR-71 MACH 3 SPY PLANE" 5513: 4402:

matching considerations', Obery and Stitt, NACA Conference on Turbojet Engines for Supersonic Propulsion, AD B183548, Section VII Paper 2

3814: 2688: 1361:

From the beginning of the Blackbird's reconnaissance missions over North Vietnam and Laos in 1968, the SR-71s averaged approximately one

6480: 5761: 12947: 12413: 1213:

carried in the chine bays to analyze electronic signal fields being passed through, and were programmed to identify items of interest.

7337: 5949: 10486: 7500: 6818: 5593: 4764:

J58/SR-71 Propulsion Integration, William Brown,attachment to CIA-RDP90B001170R000100050008-1,Fig.3 'Inlet and engine airflow match'

4446:

J58/SR-71 Propulsion Integration, William Brown,attachment to CIA-RDP90B001170R000100050008-1,Fig.3 'Inlet and engine airflow match'

12917: 11232: 5895: 4109: 3591: 453: 3692: 12547: 11574: 11530: 11014: 6449: 6355: 2805: 2208:

On 1 November 2013, media outlets reported that Skunk Works has been working on an unmanned reconnaissance airplane it has named

4626: 4414:, "F-12 Series Aircraft Propulsion System Performance and Development", David Campbell, "Table 1 Propulsive thrust distribution" 2989:

After completion of all USAF and NASA SR-71 operations at Edwards AFB, the SR-71 Flight Simulator was moved in July 2006 to the

8250: 3332: 2338: 688:

signature. The SR-71 had a radar cross-section (RCS) around 110 sq ft (10 m). Drawing on early studies in radar

446: 7361: 6974: 1975:

6 March 1990: Last SR-71 flight under Senior Crown program, setting four speed records en route to the Smithsonian Institution

12957: 12912: 12652: 8784: 8472: 7999: 7955: 7862: 7718: 7611: 7082: 5975:

presented the Air Medals to Swedish air force Col. Lars-Eric Blad, Maj. Roger Moller, Maj. Krister Sjoberg and Lt. Bo Ignell.

5697:

alltid den samme identiske ruten. SR-71 kom alltid inn over radiofyret "Codan" 80 km sør for København på kurs rett østover.

5232: 3895: 2332: 1697:

The SR-71, while much more capable than the Lockheed U-2 in terms of range, speed, and survivability, suffered the lack of a

1565: 1142: 753: 11247: 1630: 1607:

on the SR-71. Precise timing and target illumination would be maintained with target location data supplied to the Viggen's

785:

flaps (shown in the closed position). The more-forward louvres vent the forward bypass bleed which creates significant drag.

12630: 7130: 7108: 6583: 4808: 4053: 6545: 6208: 4523: 256:

was responsible for many of the aircraft's innovative concepts. The shape of the SR-71 was based on the pioneer "stealth"

12393: 11225: 10253: 10248: 10233: 10198: 10166: 8426: 8421: 8144: 6798: 4720:

A-12 Utility Flight Manual, 15 September 1965, changed 15 June 1968, 'Start Bleed And Bypass Valve Actuation', Figure 1-7

2134: 2033: 1667: 7435: 7431: 6914: 5810: 10501: 8774: 7650: 7589: 7562: 7486: 5282: 4922: 2576: 1823: 1561: 623: 6374: 1315: 12739: 8794: 8243: 8110: 8014: 7984: 7973: 7934: 7916: 7889: 7847: 7828: 7806: 7790: 7772: 7630: 7539: 7523: 7508: 6427: 4047: 3327: 2318: 1978:

25 July 1991: SR-71B, AF Ser. No. 61-7956/NASA No. 831 officially delivered to NASA Dryden Flight Research Center at

1549: 1086: 728: 8030:. 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including The New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition. Orlando, Florida: 4526:

Design and Development of an Air Intake for a Supersonic Transport Aircraft, "Effect of Ambient Temperatures", p.518

12542: 12383: 12292: 12178: 12055: 11464: 9781: 9366: 8358: 7312: 6503: 2947: 1845: 375:'s U-2 underscored that aircraft's vulnerability and the need for faster reconnaissance aircraft such as the A-12. 5456: 3322: 286:, the standard evasive action was simply to accelerate and outpace the missile. Mission equipment for the plane's 12674: 12645: 12388: 11186: 9401: 9376: 9009: 8984: 8363: 7183: 6756: 2881: 2118: 2104: 2100: 1483: 1174: 757: 283: 8161: 1685:

program. Graham said that the last-mentioned one was only a sales pitch, not a fact, at the time in the 1990s.

12356: 12227: 12198: 12080: 11925: 11583: 10517: 9406: 8660: 5679: 5406: 2653: 1527: 1310:, piloted by Bob Gilliland. The SR-71 reached a top speed of Mach 3.4 during flight testing, with pilot Major 275:

was the final operator of the Blackbird, using it as a research platform, until it was retired again in 1999.

12937: 12679: 11910: 11591: 11395: 11081: 10525: 10494: 9080: 9004: 8497: 4274: 2389: 1841: 902: 11582: 8210: 8022: 3563: 1536:

The combination of a monitored entry point and a fixed route allowed the Swedes and the Soviets a chance to

1259:

The crew of a NASA Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird standing by the aircraft in their pressurized flight suits, 1991

12952: 12625: 12373: 12336: 12272: 12247: 12193: 12100: 11587: 11322: 11202: 10910: 10905: 10895: 10811: 10521: 10171: 10106: 10081: 10046: 10026: 9966: 9706: 9681: 9656: 9591: 9531: 8446: 8441: 8416: 8411: 8406: 8177: 2473: 2289: 1392:

Operational highlights for the entire Blackbird family (YF-12, A-12, and SR-71) as of about 1990 included:

749: 382:), Nevada, on 25 April 1962. Thirteen were built; two variants were also developed, including three of the 5343:"SR-71 Pilot Interview Richard Graham, Veteran Tales interview at Frontiers of Flight Museum (at 1:02:55)" 4822: 4699:, "History Of Thermal Barrier Coatings For Gas Turbine Engines: Emphasising NASA's Role from 1942 to 1990" 3666: 1902:

22 December 1964: First flight of the SR-71, with Lockheed test pilot Robert J "Bob" Gilliland at Palmdale

1822:

to cancel the $ 39 million (~$ 68.8 million in 2023) allocated for the SR-71. In June 1998, the

1717:, was told that the expedited reconnaissance, which the SR-71 could have provided, was unavailable during 994: 964:

the use of new, more expensive, materials and fluids required to withstand unprecedented high temperatures

12706: 12662: 12520: 12348: 12331: 12168: 12141: 12045: 12035: 11915: 11890: 11567: 11474: 11342: 11307: 11302: 11137: 10930: 10858: 10853: 10826: 10806: 10771: 10359: 10031: 10021: 10001: 9976: 9916: 9901: 9801: 9701: 9696: 9691: 9571: 9521: 9176: 8979: 8748: 8707: 8676: 8586: 8436: 6704: 5766: 4194: 2801: 2657: 2086: 1827: 1227: 1166: 532:, which also could not reach the SR-71's altitude. During its service life, no SR-71 was ever shot down. 515: 438: 352: 295: 4498:

https://books.google.ca/books/about/SR_71_Revealed_The_Untold_Story.html?id=6svmtOFa1JIC&redir_esc=y

3630: 1647:

Swedish airspace was violated, whereupon two unarmed Saab JA 37 Viggens on an exercise at the height of

1502:

aircraft entering the Baltic Sea had to fly through a narrow corridor of international airspace between

12927: 12326: 12309: 12267: 12220: 11515: 11484: 11373: 10979: 10900: 10364: 10324: 10146: 10101: 10091: 9896: 9586: 9466: 9396: 9019: 8969: 8758: 8712: 8375: 8235: 8185: 8169: 7907: 7038: 5154: 4776:, "The Engines of Pratt & Whitney: A Technical History" 'Jack Connors, ISBN 978 1 60086 711 8,p.328 4239: 3507: 3087: 2990: 2744: 2469: 1596:

of 18 kilometres (11 mi), the Viggen pilots would line up for a frontal attack, and rely on their

1522:

along the Soviet Union's coastal border, before slowing down to Mach 2.54 to make a left turn south of

1431:

European operations were flown from RAF Mildenhall, England, with two weekly routes. One was along the

1374: 1222: 1217: 1197:, which gave continuous horizon-to-horizon coverage. A closer view of the target area was given by the 1114: 1074: 10516: 8056: 2212:, which would fly twice as fast as the SR-71, at Mach 6. However, the USAF is officially pursuing the 1919:

21 March 1968: First SR-71 (AF Ser. No. 61-7976) operational mission flown from Kadena AB over Vietnam

12942: 12210: 12173: 12151: 12136: 12075: 12050: 11950: 11870: 11505: 11337: 10962: 10925: 10836: 10831: 10263: 9981: 9926: 9891: 9886: 9856: 9791: 9741: 9616: 9386: 9356: 9294: 9186: 8974: 8623: 8581: 8431: 8353: 7426: 3400: 2783: 2597: 2282: 1382: 223: 6127:"Department of Defense Authorization for Appropriations for Fiscal Year 1994 and The Future Years." 4485: 3915: 1495: 1208:, could be carried in the removable nose. In later life, the radar was replaced by Loral's Advanced 942:

Adequate secondary cooling air came in through the suck-in doors (shown open on the hinged nacelle).

924:

Mach 3 J91 engine compressor, 2-position flaps on the inlet guide vanes and 3 of the 6 bypass tubes.

12842: 12756: 12696: 12559: 12525: 12361: 12314: 12188: 12065: 11698: 11693: 8938: 8799: 7855:

From RAINBOW to GUSTO: Stealth and the Design of the Lockheed Blackbird (Library of Flight Series)

7460: 2900: 2727: 2198: 1653: 1243: 1209: 1194: 697: 360: 306: 253: 100: 6665: 4399: 2193:

Speculation existed regarding a replacement for the SR-71, including a rumored aircraft codenamed

2069:

Lt. Col. Ed Yeilding and RSO Lt. Col. Joe Vida on 6 March 1990, the last SR-71 Senior Crown flight

2024:

of 1,905.81 knots (2,193.2 mph; 3,529.6 km/h), approximately Mach 3.3. SR-71 pilot

1580:

The Swedes themselves would typically assert their neutrality by dispatching Saab 37 Viggens from

12888: 12832: 12808: 12798: 12781: 12657: 12483: 12403: 12398: 12121: 11818: 11595: 11297: 11292: 11249: 10920: 10915: 10873: 10529: 10268: 10258: 10243: 10208: 10161: 10151: 10076: 10066: 10041: 10016: 9956: 9936: 9921: 9871: 9851: 9836: 9811: 9786: 9771: 9766: 9721: 9666: 9651: 9636: 9606: 9581: 9426: 9416: 9339: 9075: 8999: 8994: 8727: 8650: 8596: 8524: 8467: 8322: 8149: 7677: 3497:, under many guises to prevent the Soviet government from discovering for what it was to be used. 3383: 2929: 2731: 2368: 2275: 2213: 2202: 2082: 1992:

28 September 1994: Congress votes to allocate $ 100 million for reactivation of three SR-71s

1798: 1790: 1170: 1110: 529: 310: 268: 211: 120: 65: 7884:

Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics, 2004, pp. 141–150.

7686: 6780: 5450:"Memorandum for the Chairman, Sanitization and Decontrol Working Group Black Shield Photography" 5184: 3116:

12,219.2 US gal (10,174.6 imp gal; 46,255 L) in 6 tank groups (9 tanks)

969:

was typical of a ramjet). It was a low bypass turbofan for subsonic loiter (bleed bypass open).

672:

is condensed by the low-pressure vortices generated by the chines outboard of each engine inlet.

394:

engine, but development ran over schedule, and it was initially equipped with the less powerful

12932: 12635: 12304: 12277: 12262: 12237: 12232: 12205: 12156: 12090: 12085: 12070: 11758: 11560: 11537: 11525: 11479: 11368: 11347: 11332: 11061: 11009: 10414: 10394: 10384: 10309: 10131: 10126: 10116: 10086: 10056: 9931: 9876: 9761: 9751: 9736: 9611: 9471: 9351: 9217: 9151: 9085: 8928: 8907: 8681: 8618: 8601: 8555: 8540: 8504: 8401: 8332: 7603: 7015: 5575: 5558: 3202: 3123: 2951: 2856: 2852: 2675: 2584: 2533: 2021: 1802: 1739: 1718: 1714: 1577:

interpreted this regularity as a sign that the MiG-25 had successfully simulated a shoot-down.

1231: 955: 914: 745: 520: 395: 391: 321: 279: 267:

After the SR-71's existence was revealed to the public in July 1964, it entered service in the

80: 20: 8095: 7878: 4794:"Variable Geometry Exhaust Nozzles and Their Effects on Airplane Performance", SAE 680295, p.5 12716: 12684: 12593: 12532: 12478: 11798: 11510: 11423: 11312: 11181: 10940: 9756: 9126: 9049: 9014: 8887: 8753: 8385: 8077: 7896: 3697: 3373: 2965: 2864: 2619: 2580: 2496: 2311: 2209: 2188: 1608: 1593: 1537: 1330: 314: 287: 7582:

SR-71: The Complete Illustrated History of the Blackbird, The World's Highest, Fastest Plane

1419:

An SR-71 was used domestically in 1971 to assist the FBI in their manhunt for the skyjacker

1354:

aircraft not being ready to fly again for a month due to the repairs needed. Rob Vermeland,

12749: 12571: 12368: 12297: 12257: 12215: 12131: 11985: 11975: 11855: 11850: 11835: 11520: 11165: 11076: 11021: 11004: 10816: 10791: 10424: 10404: 10329: 10183: 10156: 9796: 9776: 9436: 9314: 9171: 9166: 9161: 9156: 9121: 9044: 8892: 8789: 8691: 8297: 8266: 8007:

Vietnam Air Losses, USAF, USN, USMC, Fixed-Wing Aircraft Losses in Southeast Asia 1961–1973

6893: 3305: 3226: 3126:(JT11D-20J or JT11D-20K) afterburning turbojets, 25,000 lbf (110 kN) thrust each 2824: 2671: 2601: 2130: 2078: 1319: 1307: 1178: 1162: 1118: 1106: 1037: 1021: 954:

a continuous turbine temperature capability 450 degrees F hotter than previous experience (

769: 635: 434: 356: 291: 215: 85: 46: 12881:

Not assigned • Unofficial • Assigned to multiple types

7736:

Merlin, Peter W. (July 2005). "The Truth is Out There... SR-71 Serials and Designations".

4851: 4708: 4660: 4585: 4544: 8: 12854: 12847: 12620: 12581: 12576: 12537: 12488: 12457: 12431: 12163: 12146: 12126: 11965: 11960: 11938: 11860: 11823: 11783: 11708: 11469: 11282: 11132: 10801: 10419: 10136: 9986: 9641: 9476: 9202: 9116: 8897: 8576: 8226: 5921: 5603: 4752: 4729: 3378: 2969: 2787: 2623: 2551: 2090: 1939:

3 December 1975: First flight of SR-71A (AF Ser. No. 61-7959) in "big tail" configuration

1866: 1432: 1268: 693: 508: 430: 372: 261: 200: 4102: 3604: 2481: 2170:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

2073:

When the SR-71 was retired in 1990, one Blackbird was flown from its birthplace at USAF

1541: 264:, but the SR-71 was longer and heavier, to allow for more fuel, and a two-seat cockpit. 12598: 12586: 12566: 11995: 11738: 11287: 11160: 10696: 10643: 10061: 10036: 9991: 9821: 9726: 9596: 9268: 9248: 9101: 8902: 8545: 8064:. Monographs in aerospace history, #25. NASA History Division Office. NASA SP 2001-4525 7639: 7475: 6020:

Marshall, Eliot, "The Blackbird's Wake", Air & Space, October/November 1990, p. 35.

5771: 5248: 4524:

https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-aircraft_november-december-1968_5_6/mode/2up

2820: 2748: 2640: 2360: 1922:

29 May 1968: CMSgt Bill Gornik begins the tie-cutting tradition of Habu crews' neckties

1889: 1710: 1612: 1491: 1205: 1094: 1090: 713: 689: 607: 549: 8125: 6398:

Marshall, Elliot, The Blackbird's Wake, Air & Space, October/November 1990, p. 31.

6352: 4464:

A-12 Utility Flight Manual, 15 September 1965, changed 15 June 1968,Fuel Derich System

3455:, which contains a copy of the original R-12 labeled plan view drawing of the vehicle. 3013: 2224: 1780:, other strategic and tactical assets" to collect information in some areas. Senator 1666:

Another view held by officers and legislators is that the SR-71 was terminated due to

12962: 12436: 12020: 11808: 11793: 11778: 11768: 11763: 11753: 10796: 10776: 10669: 10659: 9551: 9334: 9319: 9207: 8317: 8302: 8106: 8010: 7995: 7980: 7969: 7951: 7930: 7912: 7885: 7858: 7857:. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), 2009. 7843: 7824: 7802: 7786: 7768: 7747: 7724: 7714: 7656: 7646: 7626: 7622: 7607: 7585: 7568: 7558: 7551: 7535: 7519: 7504: 7482: 7449: 7261: 6750: 6423: 5860: 5837: 5814: 5402: 5342: 5278: 5228: 5209: 5058: 5040: 5022: 5004: 4804: 3891: 2994: 2692: 2615: 2194: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1059: 592: 461: 445:

while the SR-71 flew overt missions; the latter had USAF markings and pilots carried

368: 208: 62: 6270: 4986: 4968: 4888:

Marshall, Elliot, The Blackbird's Wake, Air and Space, October/November 1990, p. 35.

2121:(NAA), the recognized body for aviation records in the United States. Additionally, 2059:

for "most outstanding international achievement in the art/science of aeronautics".

1381:

While deployed at Okinawa, the SR-71s and their aircrew members gained the nickname

798: 12640: 12341: 11743: 11733: 11713: 11683: 11658: 11653: 11641: 11633: 11628: 11623: 10890: 10863: 10691: 10638: 10557: 10464: 10434: 10389: 10379: 10349: 10288: 10278: 10238: 10213: 10188: 10178: 10096: 9961: 9881: 9686: 9491: 9411: 9381: 9263: 8964: 8882: 8717: 8591: 8380: 8035: 6953: 4567:

A-12 Utility Flight Manual,15 September 1965, changed 15 June 1968,Air Inlet System

4423: 2066: 1986: 1748: 1682: 1597: 1264: 1067: 789: 677: 238: 219: 7358: 7086: 4934: 4824:

J58/SR-71 Propulsion Integration Or The Great Adventure Into The Technical Unknown

4741: 4556: 2918:

image as tail art. (wearing a "black bunny" logo on its tail). Lost, 20 July 1972

1585: 1016: 511:

against the night sky. The dark color led to the aircraft's nickname "Blackbird".

12870: 12701: 12321: 11980: 11114: 11066: 10339: 10304: 10283: 10121: 10071: 9971: 9951: 9941: 9831: 9626: 9566: 9344: 9258: 9212: 9065: 8877: 8722: 8613: 8608: 8519: 8514: 8509: 8492: 8487: 8482: 8477: 8368: 8327: 8270: 7945: 7924: 7365: 7157: 6802: 6711: 6359: 4773: 3914:. National Museum of the United States Air Force. 29 October 2009. Archived from 3568: 3439: 3435: 3291: 3168:

1,910 kn (2,200 mph, 3,540 km/h) at 80,000 ft (24,000 m)

2477: 2345: 1616: 1569: 1487: 1355: 1326: 737: 553: 478: 457: 7134: 6868: 6687: 6291: 5277:. Earl Shilton, Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited. pp. 38–40. 4043: 2020:, but not in sustained flight. That same day SR-71 serial number 61-7958 set an 2007: 1503: 1369: 985: 867: 12815: 12723: 12711: 12669: 12603: 12462: 12441: 12242: 12095: 12040: 12005: 11990: 11880: 11840: 11748: 10957: 10883: 10868: 10843: 10567: 10193: 10011: 9996: 9861: 9826: 9806: 9746: 9731: 9676: 9621: 9601: 9541: 9421: 9361: 9253: 9243: 9146: 9131: 9111: 9106: 9070: 8851: 8814: 8809: 8804: 8779: 8743: 8655: 8451: 7968:(Air Conductors) (in Swedish). Nässjö, Sweden: Air Historic Research AB, 2004. 7738: 7439: 6632: 3356: 2838: 2421: 2352: 1943: 1819: 1769: 1706: 1635: 1530: 1471: 1440: 1436: 1339: 1281: 1126: 1047: 1033: 761: 741: 442: 422: 406: 383: 325: 6795: 5630: 5241: 4950: 4696: 3969: 2062: 876: 12901: 12776: 12287: 12252: 12105: 12000: 11970: 11955: 11885: 11875: 11865: 11845: 11813: 11803: 11728: 11723: 11718: 11678: 11109: 11046: 11036: 11031: 10984: 10935: 10878: 10848: 10786: 10781: 10741: 10721: 10612: 10607: 10597: 10592: 10587: 10582: 10577: 10006: 9711: 9324: 9309: 9304: 9141: 9039: 8861: 8856: 8841: 8686: 8550: 8337: 8307: 8292: 7764: 7751: 7728: 7458:

Crickmore, Paul F. (1997). "Lockheed's Blackbirds – A-12, YF-12 and SR-71A".

7060: 6931: 6337: 5864: 5841: 5818: 5368: 3349: 3344: 2915: 2056: 2052: 1837: 1777: 1589: 1272: 1051: 681: 585: 576: 572: 387: 364: 359:

to build an undetectable spy plane. The project, named Archangel, was led by

342: 305:

Since its retirement, the SR-71's role has been taken up by a combination of

257: 242: 230: 183: 8127:

Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird | The Story Of The untouchable U.S. Aviation Marvel

7660: 7572: 5923:

When the Swedish Air Force Saab 37 Viggen Saved the Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird

4588:, AE107_SR-71_Case_Study_51-120 "Drag Penalty Of Overboard Bypass At Cruise" 4547:, AE107_SR-71_Case_Study_51-120 "Drag Penalty Of Overboard Bypass At Cruise" 4334:"The Advent, Evolution, and New Horizons of United States Stealth Aircraft." 2982:

Some secondary references use incorrect 64- series aircraft serial numbers (

2011:

View from the cockpit at 83,000 feet (25,000 m) over the Atlantic Ocean

1193:, which provided stereo imagery across the width of the flight track, or an 937: 858: 12820: 12554: 12282: 11945: 11920: 11905: 11900: 11703: 11441: 11363: 11327: 11277: 11104: 11071: 11051: 11026: 10999: 10994: 10974: 10952: 10945: 10821: 10766: 10761: 10716: 10711: 10706: 10701: 10664: 10622: 10617: 10602: 10572: 10141: 9906: 9816: 9716: 9576: 9284: 9181: 9136: 8943: 8933: 8912: 8560: 6752:

BD-0066 Oral History, Bill Weaver and Maury Rosenberg Lockheed SR-71 Pilots

5957: 4411: 3490: 2885: 1998:

9 October 1999: The last flight of the SR-71 (AF Ser. No. 61-7980/NASA 844)

1909:

5 February 1968: Lockheed ordered to destroy A-12, YF-12, and SR-71 tooling

1870: 1815: 1604: 1455: 1347: 1185:

the removable nose/chine section. Wide-area imaging was provided by two of

1153: 1134: 1078: 951:

operating with very high ram temperature air (800F) entering the compressor

928: 884:

flow visualization of shock waves for started and unstarted inlet at Mach 2

841: 765: 724: 470: 465: 348: 246: 37: 8086: 1768:, the U.S. Congress re-examined the SR-71 beginning in 1993. Rear Admiral 1648: 1572:

in the DDR. The Swedes noted that the Soviets usually would send a single

12786: 12378: 11788: 11773: 11688: 11673: 11668: 11663: 11646: 11056: 11041: 10989: 10967: 10756: 10751: 10746: 10736: 10731: 10726: 10562: 9233: 8211:"Design and Development of the Blackbird: Challenges and Lessons Learned" 8102: 5578:(Report). Federal Bureau of Investigation. 6 December 1971. p. 340. 5561:(Report). Federal Bureau of Investigation. 6 December 1971. p. 340. 3368: 3313: 2973: 2933: 2636: 2414: 2413:

Close-up of the SR-71B operated by NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center,

2293: 1979: 1781: 1765: 1690: 1581: 1519: 1518:. Starting a counter-clockwise 30 minute loop, the Blackbirds would then 1420: 1122: 1093:

line across the top of the entire instrument panel, which gave the pilot

1082: 504: 411: 317:, is under development by Lockheed Martin, and scheduled to fly in 2025. 234: 204: 96: 8265: 8039: 7286: 7236: 6990: 4473: 4434: 3005: 12827: 12793: 12183: 12060: 12030: 12010: 11933: 11895: 9238: 8024:

Design and Development of the Blackbird: Challenges and Lessons Learned

7707:

From Archangel to Senior Crown: Design and Development of the Blackbird

7359:

U-2 / A-12 / YF-12A / SR-71 Blackbird & RB-57D – WB-57F locations.'

6843: 6724: 3388: 2126: 2045: 2025: 2017: 1679: 1475: 1311: 1248: 846: 732: 627: 49:

of California in 1994. The raised second cockpit is for the instructor.

7424:

Ruane, Michael E. (7 March 1990). "A bittersweet, and fancy, flight".

7191: 5890:[TV: Aircraft controlled from nuclear weapon secured bunker]. 4260:

Blackbird diaries, Air & Space, December 2014/January 2015, p. 46.

1959:

15 January 1982: SR-71B, AF Ser. No. 61-7956, flies its 1,000th sortie

1439:, monitoring several large naval bases belonging to the Soviet Navy's 1389:

indigenous to Japan, which the Okinawans thought the plane resembled.

977:

with negligible inlet ram, from suck-in doors by the compressor case.

12025: 11828: 5953: 5859:(in Swedish). Vol. 7, no. 2. Sweden. 1986. pp. 28–29. 5806: 5514:"Bye Bye U-2: CIA Legend Allen Predicts End Of Manned Reconnaissance" 5300:"First man to fly the world's fastest aircraft dies in Rancho Mirage" 2860: 2322: 1995:

28 June 1995: First reactivated SR-71 returns to USAF as Detachment 2

1953: 1913: 1896: 1882:

28 December 1962: Lockheed signs contract to build six SR-71 aircraft

1698: 1639: 1386: 1302:

The first flight of an SR-71 took place on 22 December 1964, at USAF

1138: 881: 701: 557: 1888:

29 October 1964: SR-71 prototype (AF Ser. No. 61-7950) delivered to

347:

Lockheed's previous reconnaissance aircraft was the relatively slow

328:,. As of 2024, the "Blackbird" still holds all three world records. 7495:

Donald, David, ed. "Lockheed's Blackbirds: A-12, YF-12 and SR-71".

5700: 5691: 5615: 3494: 2899:

Lost, 10 October 1968. Cockpit section survived and located at the

2074: 2041: 1600: 1325:

SR-71s first arrived at the 9th SRW's Operating Location (OL-8) at

1303: 1280:

windshield to 250 °F (120 °C). An air conditioner used a

669: 541: 6309: 3147:

34,000 lbf (151.24 kN) wet (2-position inlet guidevanes)

1885:

25 July 1964: President Johnson makes public announcement of SR-71

1756: 1620: 1523: 727:, leading to unexpected aerodynamic performance improvements. The 7447:

Crickmore, Paul F. (January 2009). "Blackbirds in the Cold War".

6714:. NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center. Retrieved 28 April 2015. 5674: 5598: 4486:

https://www.sae.org/publications/technical-papers/content/740832/

3021: 2547: 2401: 2229: 2016:(25,929 m). Several aircraft have exceeded this altitude in 1624: 1467: 1451: 1446: 1046:

fuel was used. It was difficult to ignite. To start the engines,

898: 768:. The addition of chines also allowed the removal of the planned 618: 561: 546: 524: 379: 5836:(in Swedish). Vol. 4, no. 3. Sweden. 1983. p. 5. 4661:"SR-71 Online - SR-71 Flight Manual: Section appendix, Page A-2" 3815:"Records: Sub-class : C-1 (Landplanes) Group 3: turbo-jet." 7685:(1). Center for the Study of Intelligence: 1–34. Archived from 7380: 6546:"There Can Be Only One: The Saga of the Only SR-71C Ever Built" 5455:. Central Intelligence Agency. 19 November 1968. Archived from 4755:, 'More Never Told Tales of Pratt & Whitney', Bob Abernethy 4732:, 'More Never Told Tales of Pratt & Whitney', Bob Abernethy 4400:

https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADB183548,'Inlet-engine

3693:"The SR-71 Blackbird: The Super Spy Plane That Outran Missiles" 3477: 2409: 1926: 1764:

Due to unease over political situations in the Middle East and

1573: 1557: 1553: 1362: 1334: 1271:

for the A-12, YF-12, M-21 and SR-71. Furthermore, an emergency

720: 705: 652: 603: 355:(CIA). In late 1957, the CIA approached the defense contractor 6504:"EXCLUSIVE: Secret New UAS Shows Stealth, Efficiency Advances" 5596:[Spy plane, The Cold War - Spy plane landed in Bodø]. 4623:"NASA Dryden Technology Facts – YF-12 Flight Research Program" 3857:

Robarge, David (27 June 2007). "A Futile Fight for Survival".

3017:

Orthographically projected diagram of the SR-71B trainer model

1801:

at Beale Air Force Base and flew out of a renovated hangar at

780: 719:

Aerodynamicists discovered that the chines generated powerful

567: 5805:. Flyghistorisk Revy (in Swedish). Vol. Specialnr 2009. 3141:

32,500 lbf (144.57 kN) wet (fixed inlet guidevanes)

1760:

SR-71A (2) and SR-71B trainer (center), Edwards AFB, CA, 1992

1735: 1545: 817: 685: 214:

developed and manufactured by the American aerospace company

3721:"SR-71 Blackbird." PBS documentary, Aired: 15 November 2006. 1912:

8 March 1968: First SR-71A (AF Ser. No. 61-7978) arrives at

1255: 599:

fuel on the ground prior to takeoff, annoying ground crews.

12884: 8217: 5059:"SR-71 Online - SR-71 Flight Manual: Section 4, Page 4-146" 5041:"SR-71 Online - SR-71 Flight Manual: Section 4, Page 4-132" 5023:"SR-71 Online - SR-71 Flight Manual: Section 4, Page 4-129" 5005:"SR-71 Online - SR-71 Flight Manual: Section 4, Page 4-123" 3661: 3599: 2055:

for the "most meritorious flight of the year" and the 1972

1833: 1499: 1479: 1333:

and Major Edward D. Payne flew the first operational SR-71

1186: 1043: 813: 596: 390:

drone carrier. The aircraft was meant to be powered by the

272: 125: 4987:"SR-71 Online - SR-71 Flight Manual: Section 4, Page 4-99" 4969:"SR-71 Online - SR-71 Flight Manual: Section 4, Page 4-86" 3009:

Orthographically projected diagram of the SR-71A Blackbird

1965:

22 November 1989: USAF SR-71 program officially terminated

324:, previously held by its predecessor, the closely related 7877:

Brandt, Steven A., Randall J. Stiles and John J. Bertin.

7158:"SR-71 "Ichi-Ban" – Buried in the Deepest Ocean on Earth" 6420:

Future Flight: The Next Generation of Aircraft Technology

5762:"Foxhound vs Blackbird: How the MiGs reclaimed the skies" 1619:

being the thin stretch of international airspace between

1216:

Over its operational life, the Blackbird carried various

696:

and canted the vertical control surfaces inward. Special

665: 8194: 5079:

Archangel: CIA's Supersonic A-12 Reconnaissance Aircraft

3860:

Archangel: CIA's Supersonic A-12 Reconnaissance Aircraft

1129:

missile, the latter of which was adapted for the SR-71.

684:, the SR-71 had several features designed to reduce its 8202: 4709:

https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6s4e6-b2j60

4586:

https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6s4e6-b2j60

4545:

https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6s4e6-b2j60

4098: 4096: 3411:

List of United States Air Force reconnaissance aircraft

1540:

interceptors. Swedish radar stations would observe the

249:, before the program focused solely on reconnaissance. 233:

reconnaissance aircraft during the 1960s by Lockheed's

7799:

Skunk Works: A Personal Memoir of My Years at Lockheed

4753:

https://www.roadrunnersinternationale.com/pw_tales.htm

4730:

https://www.roadrunnersinternationale.com/pw_tales.htm

1776:

Macke told the committee that they were "flying U-2s,

1109:'s electronics development division, had developed an 1081:. The tanker also had special fuel systems for moving 7785:. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing Company, 2001. 6442:"Exclusive: Skunk Works Reveals SR-71 Successor Plan" 6333: 6331: 6251: 5594:"SPIONFLY, DEN KALDE KRIGEN - Spionfly landet i Bodø" 5225:

Stratonauts: Pioneers Venturing into the Stratosphere

4921:

Morrison, Bill, SR-71 contributors, Feedback column,

4785:"Variable Area Exhaust Nozzle", U.S. Patent 3,062,003 3717: 3715: 3223:

Itek KA-102A 36–48 in (910–1,220 mm) camera

2405:

SR-71 at Pima Air & Space Museum, Tucson, Arizona

2396: 1089:. This unusual instrument projected a barely visible 748:, which increase the agility of fighters such as the 535: 12908:

1960s United States military reconnaissance aircraft

7645:(Rev. ed.). North Branch, MN: Specialty Press. 6422:. Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania: TAB Books, 1994. 5950:"AF.mil: Swedish pilots presented with US Air Medal" 4951:"SR-71 Pilot Interview Richard Graham Veteran Tales" 4275:"SR-71 Blackbird: The Cold War's ultimate spy plane" 4093: 3771:"U.S. Pushes Hard To Build SR-72 Hypersonic Fighter" 3438:

in 1995, after which it was known as the modern day

3318:

Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback

3281: 8058:

Mach 3+: NASA/USAF YF-12 Flight Research, 1969-1979

6286: 6284: 3363:

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

3323:

Aircraft in fiction § Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird

3217:3,500 lb (1,588 kg) of mission equipment 1100: 833:the combustor to prevent turbine over-temperature. 421:; the last aircraft built using the series was the 8032:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics 8009:. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2001. 7711:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics 7638: 7550: 7518:. Hinckley, UK: Aerofax/Midland Publishing, 2003. 7474: 6328: 5794: 4678: 4603: 4300:"OXCART vs Blackbird: Do You Know the Difference?" 3777: 3712: 775: 676:The second operational aircraft designed around a 7880:Introduction to Aeronautics: A Design Perspective 6980:Imperial War Museum. Retrieved: 10 February 2009. 6975:"Aircraft On Display: Lockheed SR-71A Blackbird." 4488:, "J58/YF-12 Ejector Nozzle Performance" pp. 1, 2 4437:,"F-12 Inlet Development","Fig.4 - Inlet airflow" 4232:"Lockheed SR-71 "Blackbird" - Air Power Provided" 3974:(YouTube). Imperial War Museums. 3 November 2021. 3046:2; Pilot and reconnaissance systems officer (RSO) 1946:, United Kingdom with SR-71A, AF Ser. No. 61-7972 1603:in order to climb at the right time and attain a 1466:, which started from Mildenhall and went through 1316:4200th (later, 9th) Strategic Reconnaissance Wing 1125:missile, and a separate system for the ill-fated 12899: 7943: 7600:Lockheed Secret Projects: Inside the Skunk Works 7217:. National Museum of the United States Air Force 6281: 6242: 5894:(in Swedish). Sweden. 2 May 2017. Archived from 5085:(2nd ed.). CSI Publications. Archived from 4424:https://www.sr-71.org/blackbird/manual/1/1-7.php 3735: 3733: 3731: 3729: 3727: 1876:13 June 1962: SR-71 mock-up reviewed by the USAF 1738:are taking arms, moving tanks or artillery into 602:The outer windscreen of the cockpit was made of 7133:. Flight Test Museum Foundation. Archived from 6502:Butler, Amy; Sweetman, Bill (6 December 2013). 6271:"SR-71 World Record Speed and Altitude Flights" 5943: 5941: 4742:https://patents.google.com/patent/US3344606A/en 4557:https://patents.google.com/patent/US3477455A/en 3890:. Turner Publishing Company. pp. 78, 158. 2137:for not using the SR-71 to its full potential: 1289:crewmember's mouth through the helmet opening. 1181:, both of which ran during the entire mission. 417:The SR-71 designation is a continuation of the 7926:Lockheed Blackbird: Beyond the Secret Missions 7018:. Strategic Air Command & Aerospace Museum 6501: 6292:"A-12, YF-12A, & SR-71 Timeline of Events" 5888:"TV: Kärnvapensäkra bunkern styrde flygplanen" 4774:https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/book/10.2514/4.867293 4052:7 September 2010. Retrieved: 17 October 2012. 3964: 3962: 3960: 3810: 3808: 3806: 3804: 3762: 3752: 3750: 3748: 3406:List of military aircraft of the United States 2878:National Museum of the United States Air Force 2427:National Museum of the United States Air Force 2216:UAV to assume the SR-71's strategic ISR role. 2117:These four speed records were accepted by the 1879:30 July 1962: J58 completes pre-flight testing 1344:National Museum of the United States Air Force 579:drone on display at Seattle's Museum of Flight 464:and his administration for falling behind the 218:. The SR-71 has several nicknames, including " 11568: 11233: 10502: 8251: 7636: 6570: 6528: 6257: 6236: 5880: 5720: 5718: 5716: 5714: 5712: 5710: 5678:(in Norwegian Bokmål). Norway. Archived from 5663: 5661: 5659: 5657: 5655: 5653: 5651: 5649: 5647: 5602:(in Norwegian Bokmål). Norway. Archived from 5392: 5390: 4684: 4609: 4019: 3939: 3935: 3933: 3783: 3739: 3724: 3180:2,824 nmi (3,250 mi, 5,230 km) 2382:National Aeronautics and Space Administration 1143:a list of stars used for celestial navigation 660: 7637:Landis, Tony R.; Jenkins, Dennis R. (2004). 7532:SR-71 Blackbird: Stories, Tales, and Legends 6633:"U-2 and SR-71 Units, Bases and Detachments" 6539: 6537: 6473:"Skunk Works reveals Mach 6.0 SR-72 concept" 6375:"Spy Plane Sets Speed Record, Then Retires." 5938: 5190:10 September 2011. Retrieved: 3 March 2012. 3885: 3657:"NASA Armstrong Fact Sheet: SR-71 Blackbird" 2689:Strategic Air Command & Aerospace Museum 19:"SR-71" redirects here. For other uses, see 7817:Sled Driver: Flying the World's Fastest Jet 7705:Merlin, Peter W. (2008). Allen, Ned (ed.). 7477:Lockheed SR-71: The Secret Missions Exposed 7111:. Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum 7085:. Evergreen Aviation Museum. Archived from 6479:. Reed Business Information. Archived from 6230: 6172: 6170: 5800: 5760:Simha, Rakesh Krishnan (3 September 2012). 5585: 4935:"SR-71A-1 Flight Manual, Section IV, p. 3." 4697:https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20090018047 3978: 3957: 3801: 3745: 3631:"Air Force Tries to Shoot Down Its Own Spy" 2044:flight time was 2 hours 52 minutes and the 2032:that he flew in excess of Mach 3.5 on 1592:. Limited by a top speed of Mach 2.1 and a 1454:and the narrow corridor between Sweden and 16:US Air Force supersonic aircraft, 1964–1998 11575: 11561: 11240: 11226: 10509: 10495: 8258: 8244: 8224: 8134: 7389: 6123: 6121: 6119: 5707: 5644: 5387: 5222: 5180: 5178: 5176: 4928: 4294: 4292: 4268: 4266: 4013: 3930: 3768: 3000: 1989:becomes the first female SR-71 crew member 1751:to the Senate Committee on Armed Services. 1385:(as did the A-12s preceding them) after a 641: 556:, as the chlorine present in tap water is 503:The SR-71 was designed for flight at over 12923:High-altitude and long endurance aircraft 7947:Lockheed SR-71 Operations in the Far East 7922: 7815:Shul, Brian and Sheila Kathleen O'Grady. 7796: 7472: 7457: 7446: 6534: 6098: 6096: 6087: 6063: 5926:. 100th Air Refueling Wing Public Affairs 5753: 5672:[At weapons range of the SR-71]. 5436: 5432: 5430: 5421: 5328: 5141: 5129: 5117: 4909: 4849: 4647: 4597: 4144: 4132: 4076: 3852: 3850: 3829: 3789: 3628: 3550: 3467:, original R-12 labeled plan view drawing 3464: 3452: 3434:This was prior to Lockheed's merger with 1942:20 April 1976: TDY operations started at 1925:13 December 1969: Two SR-71s deployed to 1450:The Baltic Express route entered through 10532:bomber designations, Army/Air Force and 7667: 6658:"BEALE AFB 99TH Reconnaissance Squadron" 6167: 5667: 5591: 5202: 5113: 5111: 5109: 5107: 4412:https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/10.2514/3.60402 4332:Hott, Bartholomew and George E. Pollock 4156: 4008: 3984: 3951: 3841: 3686: 3684: 3020: 3012: 3004: 2420: 2408: 2400: 2223: 2061: 2006: 1755: 1629: 1445: 1368: 1254: 1242: 1152: 1027: 1015: 993: 984: 936: 927: 918: 875: 866: 857: 825:30,000 lb at 210 knots, unstick speed). 797: 788: 779: 664: 617: 566: 494: 405: 8137:"SR-71 Impressive in High-speed Regime" 7911:. London: Penguin Books Limited, 2006. 7801:. New York: Little, Brown and Company. 7430:. Vol. 321, no. 66. pp. 7340:. Hill Aerospace Museum. 30 August 2021 6954:"SR-71A Blackbird #17961 Audio Gallery" 6470: 6116: 5947: 5848: 5825: 5801:Edlund, Ulf; Kampf, Hans, eds. (2009). 5173: 5075: 4510: 4508: 4506: 4289: 4272: 4263: 4192: 3856: 3546: 3544: 3229:equipment in the following compartments 2914:Nicknamed "Rapid Rabbit" and wearing a 2806:Washington Dulles International Airport 1148: 634:The Blackbird's tires, manufactured by 447:Geneva Conventions Identification Cards 401: 12900: 8228:How the Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird Works 8054: 8020: 7944:Crickmore, Paul; Laurier, Jim (2008). 7735: 7704: 7579: 7548: 7529: 7468:. London: Aerospace Publishing: 30–93. 7453:. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing: 30–38. 7407: 7310: 7155: 7036: 6769: 6607: 6543: 6439: 6418:Siuru, William D. and John D. Busick. 6407: 6196: 6185: 6162: 6151: 6140: 6111: 6093: 6075: 6051: 6040: 6029: 6009: 5998: 5986: 5546: 5511: 5427: 4897: 4876: 4837: 4711:, AE107_SR-71_Case_Study_321-450, p.27 4320: 4218: 4180: 4168: 4121: 4088: 4065: 4031: 3996: 3847: 3769:Villasanta, Artie (23 November 2018). 3690: 3333:Measurement and signature intelligence 2339:99th Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron 2081:, to go on exhibit at what is now the 1862:24 December 1957: First J58 engine run 1292: 1267:were produced for crew members by the 1161:The SR-71 originally included optical/ 961:continuous use of maximum afterburning 807: 386:interceptor prototype, and two of the 313:(UAVs). A proposed UAV successor, the 11556: 11221: 10490: 8239: 8135:Ropelewski, Robert R. (18 May 1981). 8088:Sr-71 Blackbird Pilot's Flight Manual 8083:, June 1991, pp. 27–31, 104–105. 7781:Remak, Jeannette and Joe Ventolo Jr. 7746:. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing: 2–6. 7423: 7184:"Aircraft: Lockheed SR-71A Blackbird" 6819:"Lockheed SR-71B Blackbird 1963–1999" 5759: 5724: 5512:Little, Richard (22 September 2015). 5297: 5104: 4850:Boudreaux, Stormy (22 October 2022). 4803:Design For Air Combat, Ray Whitford, 4474:https://www.jstor.org/stable/44657533 4435:https://www.jstor.org/stable/44657533 4037: 3888:Lockheed: The People Behind the Story 3691:Roblin, Sebastien (21 October 2016). 3681: 3654: 3489:Lockheed obtained the metal from the 3198:84 lb/sq ft (410 kg/m) 2532:Air Force Flight Test Center Museum, 2333:1st Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron 1705:provide high-quality coverage of the 1660: 1533:to intercept the offending aircraft. 908: 812:The same powerplant was used for the 11598:fighter designations 1924–1962, and 8159: 8145:Aviation Week & Space Technology 7758: 7395: 7156:Cluett, Nathan (29 September 2022). 6619: 6471:Trimble, Stephen (1 November 2013). 5737:from the original on 10 January 2019 5482:Aviation Week & Space Technology 5396: 5272: 4503: 4193:Burrows, William E. (1 March 1999). 3795: 3756: 3541: 3052:107 ft 5 in (32.74 m) 3025:SR-71 epoxy asbestos composite areas 2495:Lost in Mach 3 mid-air breakup near 2150: 1956:starts conversion of AFICS to DAFICS 1615:, with the most common site for the 1342:, UK. The aircraft was flown to the 433:. Reconnaissance equipment included 322:fastest airbreathing manned aircraft 10297: 7619:Kelly: More Than My Share of it All 7516:Lockheed's SR-71 "Blackbird" Family 6749:Bill Weaver & Maury Rosenberg. 5948:Fratini, Korey (29 November 2018). 5919: 3629:Richelson, Jeffrey (9 April 1989). 3227:Signals and Electronic Intelligence 3064:18 ft 6 in (5.64 m) 3058:55 ft 7 in (16.94 m) 2392:– Edwards AFB, California 1991–1999 2371:– Edwards AFB, California 1995–1997 1828:line-item veto was unconstitutional 1808: 1657:were awarded medals from the USAF. 1426: 680:shape and materials, following the 378:The A-12 first flew at Groom Lake ( 13: 8231:. Animagraffs – via YouTube. 8192: 7897:"America's SuperSecret Spy Plane." 7834:Shul, Brian and Walter Watson Jr. 7311:Conner, Monroe (20 October 2015). 6248:Shul and Watson 1993, pp. 113–114. 5778:from the original on 9 August 2019 5628: 5369:"Col. Richard Graham (USAF, Ret.)" 5155:"Blackbird Diaries | Flight Today" 4923:Aviation Week and Space Technology 4476:, "F-12 Inlet Development", p.2834 3863:. CSI Publications. Archived from 3589: 3192:11,820 ft/min (60.0 m/s) 3083:1,800 sq ft (170 m) 2397:Accidents and aircraft disposition 1510:, which was monitored by both the 1408:2,752 hours Mach 3 time (missions) 1113:system (ANS), which could correct 536:Airframe, canopy, and landing gear 456:, Republican presidential nominee 14: 12974: 12948:Strategic reconnaissance aircraft 11410:Strategic reconnaissance sequence 11252:designations, Army/Air Force and 8118: 8021:Merlin, Peter W. (January 2009). 7994:. New York: DK Publishing, 2007. 7950:. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. 7929:. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. 7902:, June 1968, pp. 59–62, 190. 7797:Rich, Ben R.; Janos, Leo (1994). 7709:. Library of Flight. Reston, VA: 7481:(Rev. ed.). Oxford: Osprey. 7313:"Where Are They Now: SR-71A #844" 6584:"SR-71C Blackbird #17981 / #2001" 5670:"På skuddhold av SR-71 Blackbird" 5592:Bonafede, Håkon (22 April 2012). 5484:, 20 July – 2 August 2015, p. 28. 5341:Graham, Richard (6 August 2013). 4820: 4048:Federation of American Scientists 3328:Linear Aerospike SR-71 Experiment 3077:37 ft 10 in (12 m) 2319:9th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing 2306:SR-71 Flight Test Group 1970–1990 1899:, CA, announced as base for SR-71 1674:unique advantages properly were. 1638:-pilots being presented with the 1498:in the Cold War. This meant that 1482:controlled the airspace from the 1462:The other route was known as the 1087:peripheral vision horizon display 980: 704:sections of the aircraft's skin. 410:SR-71 Blackbird assembly line at 8160:Mola, Roger (20 November 2014). 7553:SR-71 Revealed: The Inside Story 7401: 7374: 7352: 7330: 7304: 7279: 7254: 7229: 7207: 7176: 7149: 7123: 7101: 7075: 7053: 7030: 7008: 6983: 6968: 6946: 6924: 6908: 6886: 6869:"B-Model Dismantlement Pictures" 6861: 6836: 6811: 6789: 6774: 6763: 6757:San Diego Air & Space Museum 6742: 6717: 6698: 6688:"Fall and Rise of the Blackbird" 6680: 6650: 6625: 6613: 6601: 6576: 6564: 6522: 6495: 6464: 6433: 6412: 6401: 6392: 6383: 6368: 6346: 6302: 6263: 6201: 6190: 6179: 6156: 6145: 6134: 6105: 6081: 6069: 6057: 6045: 6034: 6023: 6014: 6003: 5992: 5980: 5913: 5871: 5622: 5568: 5551: 5540: 5531: 5505: 5496: 5487: 5474: 5442: 5415: 5361: 5334: 5322: 5291: 5266: 5216: 5193: 5147: 5135: 5123: 5069: 5051: 5033: 5015: 4997: 4979: 4961: 4943: 4625:. US: NASA. 2004. Archived from 4273:Dowling, Stephen (2 July 2013). 3522: 3513: 3298: 3284: 3110:172,000 lb (78,018 kg) 3104:152,000 lb (68,946 kg) 2948:Armstrong Flight Research Center 2263: 2239:was the main production variant. 2155: 1846:Armstrong Flight Research Center 1411:11,675 hours Mach 3 time (total) 1199:HYCON Technical Objective Camera 1101:Astro-inertial navigation system 460:repeatedly criticized President 169:USAF: 1989 (temp.), 1998 (final) 36: 12918:Aircraft related to spaceflight 8225:O'Neal, Jacob (19 March 2024). 7416: 6896:. Museum of Aviation Foundation 6440:Norris, Guy (1 November 2013). 6389:National Aeronautic Association 5964:from the original on 8 May 2023 5725:Leone, Dario (9 January 2018). 5668:Bonafede, Håkon (10 May 2018). 5076:Robarge, David (January 2012). 4915: 4903: 4891: 4882: 4870: 4843: 4831: 4814: 4797: 4788: 4779: 4767: 4758: 4746: 4735: 4723: 4714: 4702: 4690: 4653: 4641: 4615: 4591: 4579: 4570: 4561: 4550: 4538: 4529: 4517: 4491: 4479: 4467: 4458: 4449: 4440: 4428: 4417: 4405: 4393: 4381: 4372: 4360: 4351: 4342: 4326: 4314: 4254: 4224: 4212: 4186: 4174: 4162: 4150: 4138: 4126: 4115: 4082: 4070: 4059: 4025: 4002: 3990: 3971:SR-71 Blackbird - Cold War icon 3945: 3904: 3879: 3835: 3823: 3500: 3483: 3470: 3458: 3445: 3098:67,500 lb (30,617 kg) 3071:16 ft 8 in (5 m) 2882:Wright-Patterson Air Force Base 2119:National Aeronautic Association 1728: 1322:, California, in January 1966. 1238: 776:Propulsion system or powerplant 11387:Reconnaissance/strike sequence 8148:. Pilot Report. Archived from 7037:Bright, Stuart (24 May 2017). 6921:. Retrieved: 10 February 2009. 6808:. Retrieved: 10 February 2009. 6806:Air Force Flight Center Museum 6786:. Retrieved: 12 November 2012. 6365:. Retrieved: 14 February 2011. 6310:"Eldon W. Joersz (USA) (8879)" 5631:"SR-71 Bodo Norway Operations" 4940:. Retrieved: 13 December 2011. 3655:Gibbs, Yvonne (1 March 2014). 3648: 3622: 3583: 3556: 3428: 3186:85,000 ft (26,000 m) 2654:American Air Museum in Britain 2303:4786th Test Squadron 1965–1970 1933: 1856: 477:In 1968, Secretary of Defense 331: 1: 8203:"The Online Blackbird Museum" 7992:Flight: 100 Years of Aviation 7381:"Frontiers of Flight Museum." 7371:. Retrieved: 22 January 2010. 7338:"Lockheed SR-71C 'Blackbird'" 6343:. Retrieved: 18 October 2009. 5811:Svensk Flyghistorisk Förening 5375:. The Online Blackbird Museum 4339:. Retrieved: 7 February 2014. 3416: 3254:N – right forward mission bay 3248:L – right forward mission bay 2390:Dryden Flight Research Center 2048:averages 6 hours 15 minutes. 1842:Dryden Flight Research Center 1191:Operational Objective Cameras 744:. The chines also acted like 540:On most aircraft, the use of 336: 229:The SR-71 was developed as a 12958:Tailless delta-wing aircraft 12913:Aircraft first flown in 1964 11262:Army/Air Force main sequence 7668:McIninch, Thomas P. (1971). 7063:. Science Museum of Virginia 6759:. Event occurs at 1h12m40s. 6544:Walton, Bill (17 May 2017). 5298:Reyes, Jesus (6 July 2019). 5223:Ehrenfried, Manfred (2013). 5185:"Bill Weaver SR-71 Breakup." 3535: 3451:See the opening fly page in 3421: 3251:M – left forward mission bay 3245:K – left forward mission bay 2474:Davis-Monthan Air Force Base 2290:Air Force Flight Test Center 2256: 2146: 1985:October 1991: NASA engineer 1840:drones retained by the NASA 1157:The SR-71 Defensive System B 367:", on 11 February 1960. The 252:American aerospace engineer 7: 11175:Fighter-bomber, in F-series 8186:Air & Space/Smithsonian 8170:Air & Space/Smithsonian 7923:Crickmore, Paul F. (2004). 7783:A-12 Blackbird Declassified 7580:Graham, Richard H. (2013). 7557:. Osceola, WI: Motorbooks. 7549:Graham, Richard H. (1996). 7530:Graham, Richard H. (2002). 7473:Crickmore, Paul F. (2000). 7386:. Retrieved: 14 March 2010. 6705:Fact Sheet: SR-71 Blackbird 6571:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 6529:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 6258:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 6237:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 5767:Russia Beyond the Headlines 5188:Roadrunners Internationale, 4685:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 4610:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 4020:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 3940:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 3784:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 3740:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 3603:. p. 3. Archived from 3277: 2802:Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center 2658:Imperial War Museum Duxford 2470:Pima Air & Space Museum 2219: 2123:Air & Space/Smithsonian 2087:Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center 1851: 1785:SR-71 would be impossible. 1402:11,008 mission flight hours 1396:3,551 mission sorties flown 1297: 1223:Air & Space/Smithsonian 1167:side-looking airborne radar 1097:cues on aircraft attitude. 1052:ignites on contact with air 490: 439:side-looking airborne radar 353:Central Intelligence Agency 296:side looking airborne radar 45:An SR-71B trainer over the 10: 12979: 8105:, 1994, pp. 220–237. 7819:. Marysville, California: 7584:. MBI Publishing Company. 7109:"Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird" 7041:. Barksdale Air Force Base 5480:Norros, Guy, "Hyper ops", 4108:. Retrieved: 31 May 2011. 3820:. Retrieved: 30 June 2011. 2991:Frontiers of Flight Museum 2976:(formerly YF-12A 60-6934) 2745:Science Museum of Virginia 2660:, Cambridgeshire, England 2186: 2002: 1916:, Okinawa to replace A-12s 1496:Sweden pursuing neutrality 1474:before going out over the 1399:17,300 total sorties flown 1218:electronic countermeasures 1115:inertial navigation system 1032:An SR-71 refueling from a 1020:An SR-71 refueling from a 912: 661:Shape and threat avoidance 340: 18: 12879: 12863: 12769: 12732: 12510: 12501: 12471: 12450: 12424: 12114: 11616: 11607: 11493: 11457: 11450: 11433:Tri-Service main sequence 11432: 11409: 11386: 11356: 11270: 11261: 11195: 11174: 11153: 11146: 11123: 11095: 10682: 10652: 10631: 10550: 10541: 10477: 9293: 9277: 9226: 9195: 9094: 9058: 9032: 8957: 8921: 8870: 8834: 8827: 8767: 8736: 8700: 8669: 8643: 8636: 8569: 8533: 8460: 8394: 8346: 8285: 8278: 8162:"What a Blackbird Drinks" 8055:Merlin, Peter W. (2002). 7427:The Philadelphia Inquirer 6919:Air Force Armament Museum 6710:12 September 2019 at the 5877:Darwal 2004, pp. 151–156. 5401:. Mach One. p. 173. 3401:List of Lockheed aircraft 3316: – American engineer 3269:T – right aft mission bay 3260:Q – right aft mission bay 2958: 2940: 2922: 2907: 2892: 2870: 2845: 2830: 2812: 2793: 2784:Evergreen Aviation Museum 2776: 2765: 2754: 2737: 2720: 2709: 2698: 2681: 2664: 2646: 2629: 2608: 2598:Air Force Armament Museum 2590: 2569: 2558: 2540: 2525: 2514: 2503: 2488: 2462: 2451: 2446: 2443: 2440: 2436:List of SR-71 Blackbirds 2283:Air Force Systems Command 2228:SR-71B on display at the 2199:reconnaissance satellites 2164:This section needs to be 1405:53,490 total flight hours 698:radar-absorbing materials 485: 307:reconnaissance satellites 237:division, initially as a 179: 162: 154: 146: 141: 133: 116: 108: 91: 79: 71: 58: 53: 44: 35: 30: 8182:Air & Space Magazine 8166:Air & Space Magazine 8094:Reithmaier, Lawrence W. 8078:"The Blackbird is Back." 7761:Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird 7364:18 February 2011 at the 6978:The American Air Museum, 6448:. Penton. Archived from 6102:Remak and Ventolo 2001, 5213:, June 1991, p. 28. 5159:Air & Space Magazine 4925:, 9 December 2013, p. 10 4199:Air & Space Magazine 3564:"Creating the Blackbird" 3519:AF serial number 61-7964 3266:S – left aft mission bay 3257:P – left aft mission bay 3032:Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird 2901:Seattle Museum of Flight 2800:Smithsonian Institution 2728:Barksdale Air Force Base 2203:Unmanned aerial vehicles 2034:15 April 1986 over Libya 1969: 1210:Synthetic Aperture Radar 1066:The SR-71 also required 853: 622:Detail of SR-71A at the 514:While the SR-71 carried 311:unmanned aerial vehicles 254:Clarence "Kelly" Johnson 101:Clarence "Kelly" Johnson 11451:Reconnaissance subtypes 11250:reconnaissance aircraft 11248:United States military 8273:aircraft and spacecraft 7678:Studies in Intelligence 7602:. St. Paul, Minnesota: 6801:16 October 2013 at the 4648:Rich & Janos (1994) 4145:Rich & Janos (1994) 4133:Rich & Janos (1994) 3912:"Lockheed B-71 (SR-71)" 3886:Cefaratt; Gill (2002). 3830:Rich & Janos (1994) 3384:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25 3263:R – radio equipment bay 3124:Pratt & Whitney J58 3037:General characteristics 3001:Specifications (SR-71A) 2930:Lackland Air Force Base 2732:Bossier City, Louisiana 2510:Lost, 18 December 1969 2369:9th Reconnaissance Wing 2276:United States Air Force 2214:Northrop Grumman RQ-180 2083:Smithsonian Institution 1892:at Palmdale, California 1799:9th Reconnaissance Wing 1195:Itek Optical Bar Camera 1177:tracking camera and an 1171:electronic intelligence 1111:astro-inertial guidance 1024:during a flight in 1983 1011: 956:Pratt & Whitney J75 915:Pratt & Whitney J58 746:leading-edge extensions 723:and created additional 700:were incorporated into 642:Acquisition of titanium 530:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25 396:Pratt & Whitney J75 392:Pratt & Whitney J58 269:United States Air Force 212:reconnaissance aircraft 121:United States Air Force 66:reconnaissance aircraft 47:Sierra Nevada Mountains 7604:MBI Publishing Company 7266:Warrior Flight Charity 7188:March Field Air Museum 6353:"1966 Lockheed SR-71." 5731:The Aviation Geek Club 4852:"The SR-71 Experience" 3742:, pp. 98, 100–101 3508:Blackbird with Canards 3026: 3018: 3010: 2952:Edwards Air Force Base 2857:March Air Reserve Base 2853:March Field Air Museum 2808:, Chantilly, Virginia 2705:Lost, 25 October 1967 2676:Marysville, California 2585:Warner Robins, Georgia 2565:Lost, 11 January 1968 2534:Edwards Air Force Base 2458:Lost, 10 January 1967 2429: 2418: 2406: 2245:was a trainer variant. 2232: 2144: 2070: 2012: 1803:Edwards Air Force Base 1761: 1754: 1747:Response from Admiral 1719:Operation Desert Storm 1715:Norman Schwarzkopf Jr. 1643: 1459: 1378: 1260: 1252: 1232:surface-to-air missile 1158: 1119:celestial observations 1040: 1025: 1000: 991: 943: 934: 925: 885: 873: 864: 804: 795: 786: 740:, making it harder to 673: 658: 631: 580: 521:surface-to-air missile 500: 419:pre-1962 bomber series 414: 280:surface-to-air missile 21:SR-71 (disambiguation) 12887:" • 11154:Redesignated A-series 8461:C-130 Hercules family 8328:8-D, E & G Altair 7838:. Chico, California: 4514:Shul and O'Grady 1994 4044:"Senior Crown SR-71." 3698:The National Interest 3374:English Electric P.10 3024: 3016: 3008: 2966:Hill Aerospace Museum 2865:Riverside, California 2620:Castle Air Force Base 2581:Robins Air Force Base 2497:Tucumcari, New Mexico 2480:. Loaned to NASA as 2424: 2412: 2404: 2312:Strategic Air Command 2227: 2197:. The limitations of 2189:Lockheed Martin SR-72 2139: 2135:Department of Defense 2065: 2022:absolute speed record 2010: 1873:over the Soviet Union 1818:attempted to use the 1759: 1732: 1633: 1609:fire-control computer 1449: 1372: 1258: 1246: 1156: 1031: 1019: 997: 988: 940: 931: 922: 879: 870: 861: 801: 792: 783: 668: 649: 621: 570: 516:radar countermeasures 498: 409: 288:aerial reconnaissance 12938:Signals intelligence 12864:Related designations 12502:Tri-service sequence 11357:Prefix R-, 1947–1962 11271:Prefix F-, 1930–1947 11124:Tri-Service sequence 8670:Shooting Star family 8534:L-188 Electra family 8395:Constellation family 8130:– via YouTube. 7759:Pace, Steve (2004). 7089:on 19 September 2021 7016:"SR-71A "Blackbird"" 6894:"SR-71A "Blackbird"" 6668:on 12 September 2019 6358:28 July 2011 at the 6338:"Blackbird Records." 6129:United States Senate 5934:– via YouTube. 5502:Donald 2003, p. 167. 5397:Shul, Brian (1994). 5273:Shul, Brian (1992). 5199:Donald 2003, p. 172. 5092:on 26 September 2012 4629:on 12 September 2019 4378:Goodall 2003, p. 19. 4357:Suhler 2009, ch. 10. 4348:Suhler 2009, p. 100. 4242:on 12 September 2019 3306:United States portal 2825:Palmdale, California 2716:Lost, 13 April 1967 2672:Beale Air Force Base 2602:Eglin Air Force Base 2521:Lost, 11 April 1969 2131:United States Senate 2079:Palmdale, California 2036:to evade a missile. 1433:Norwegian west coast 1320:Beale Air Force Base 1308:Palmdale, California 1149:Sensors and payloads 1107:Northrop Corporation 1038:Beale Air Force Base 1036:during testing near 1022:KC-135Q Stratotanker 608:fused ultrasonically 435:signals intelligence 402:Designation as SR-71 292:signals intelligence 216:Lockheed Corporation 86:Lockheed Corporation 12953:Supersonic aircraft 12770:Covert designations 12451:Fighter, multiplace 12115:Fighter (1948–1962) 11617:Pursuit (1924–1948) 8178:"Blackbird Diaries" 8040:10.2514/6.2009-1522 7908:I Know You Got Soul 7641:Lockheed Blackbirds 7598:Jenkins, Dennis R. 7369:u2sr71patches.co.uk 7131:"Blackbird Airpark" 7039:"SR-71 gets a lift" 6934:. Castle Air Museum 6781:"SR-71 #953 crash." 6588:The SR-71 Blackbird 5249:"SR-71 Maintenance" 5161:: 45. December 2014 4310:on 8 December 2015. 3669:on 23 November 2016 3379:Handley Page HP.100 3339:Related development 3242:E – electronics bay 3239:D – right chine bay 3108:Max takeoff weight: 2970:Hill Air Force Base 2819:Blackbird Airpark, 2788:McMinnville, Oregon 2772:Lost, 17 June 1970 2624:Atwater, California 2552:Kalamazoo, Michigan 2437: 2355:. England 1976–1990 2091:Chantilly, Virginia 2028:states in his book 1867:Francis Gary Powers 1844:(later renamed the 1613:ground-based radars 1478:. At the time, the 1293:Operational history 1269:David Clark Company 1251:in full flight suit 1068:in-flight refueling 840:Mach 3.2 in a 808:Complete powerplant 550:composite materials 373:Francis Gary Powers 351:, designed for the 262:radar cross-section 260:, with its reduced 54:General information 12889:1919–1924 sequence 11458:Converted fighters 10542:Original sequences 8701:Starfighter family 7966:Luftens Dirigenter 7905:Clarkson, Jeremy. 7871:Additional sources 7670:"The Oxcart Story" 7621:. Washington, DC: 7534:. Voyageur Press. 7410:, pp. 93, 223 6622:, pp. 109–110 6483:on 21 January 2014 6378:The New York Times 5989:, pp. 205–217 5772:Rossiyskaya Gazeta 5462:on 23 January 2017 4390:, May 2002, p. 33. 4106:globalaircraft.org 3027: 3019: 3011: 2997:in Dallas, Texas. 2995:Love Field Airport 2821:Air Force Plant 42 2761:Lost, 10 May 1970 2749:Richmond, Virginia 2641:Hutchinson, Kansas 2577:Museum of Aviation 2499:, 25 January 1966 2435: 2430: 2419: 2407: 2361:Air Combat Command 2233: 2071: 2013: 1890:Air Force Plant 42 1869:is shot down in a 1824:U.S. Supreme Court 1762: 1661:Initial retirement 1644: 1460: 1379: 1331:Jerome F. O'Malley 1261: 1253: 1230:to try to confuse 1206:Goodyear Aerospace 1159: 1141:contained data on 1091:artificial horizon 1041: 1026: 1001: 992: 944: 935: 926: 909:Engine and nacelle 886: 874: 865: 805: 796: 787: 729:angle of incidence 714:front organization 690:stealth technology 674: 632: 624:Museum of Aviation 581: 501: 415: 12928:Lockheed aircraft 12895: 12894: 12765: 12764: 12497: 12496: 11602:post-1962 systems 11550: 11549: 11546: 11545: 11494:Converted bombers 11382: 11381: 11215: 11214: 11211: 11210: 11096:Long-range bomber 10678: 10677: 10484: 10483: 10473: 10472: 9028: 9027: 8823: 8822: 8632: 8631: 8359:12 Electra Junior 8097:Mach 1 and Beyond 8081:Popular Mechanics 8000:978-0-7566-1902-2 7964:Darwall, Bjarne. 7957:978-1-84603-319-3 7900:Popular Mechanics 7863:978-1-60086-712-5 7720:978-1-56347-933-5 7623:Smithsonian Books 7612:978-0-7603-0914-8 7450:Air International 7262:"Fear the Bunny!" 7215:"Lockheed SR-71A" 6452:on 11 August 2014 6316:. 10 October 2017 6209:"SR-71 Blackbird" 6078:, p. 194–195 5908:Look at time 5:57 5699:[Two common " 5331:, pp. 56–58. 5234:978-3-319-02901-6 5210:Popular Mechanics 4135:, p. 213-214 4056:on 17 April 2015. 3918:on 4 October 2013 3897:978-1-56311-847-0 3867:on 9 October 2007 3773:. Business Times. 3759:, p. 126-127 3635:Los Angeles Times 3592:"Blackbird Facts" 3590:Merlin, Peter W. 3510:image for visual. 2986:SR-71C 64-17981) 2980: 2979: 2693:Ashland, Nebraska 2616:Castle Air Museum 2447:Location or fate 2441:AF serial number 2348:, Japan 1968–1990 2185: 2184: 2133:, chastising the 1895:7 December 1964: 1516:Soviet Air Forces 1508:Western Pomerania 1265:pressurized suits 1060:cruising altitude 593:thermal expansion 462:Lyndon B. Johnson 203:, high-altitude, 189: 188: 147:Introduction date 31:SR-71 "Blackbird" 12970: 12943:Stealth aircraft 12693: 12617: 12508: 12507: 12425:Pursuit, biplace 12017: 11614: 11613: 11577: 11570: 11563: 11554: 11553: 11455: 11454: 11268: 11267: 11254:1962 Tri-Service 11242: 11235: 11228: 11219: 11218: 11151: 11150: 10548: 10547: 10511: 10504: 10497: 10488: 10487: 10446: 10441: 10431: 10411: 10401: 10376: 10371: 10356: 10346: 10336: 10321: 10316: 10295: 10294: 9503: 9498: 9488: 9448: 9433: 9393: 9373: 9331: 8835:Blackbird family 8832: 8831: 8644:Lightning family 8641: 8640: 8432:L-1649 Starliner 8364:14 Super Electra 8314: 8283: 8282: 8260: 8253: 8246: 8237: 8236: 8232: 8221: 8215: 8206: 8198: 8189: 8188:. December 2014. 8173: 8156: 8155:on 17 June 2014. 8154: 8141: 8131: 8073: 8071: 8069: 8063: 8051: 8049: 8047: 8042:. AIAA 2009-1522 8029: 7961: 7940: 7895:Brown, Kevin V. 7853:Suhler, Paul A. 7836:The Untouchables 7812: 7778: 7755: 7732: 7701: 7699: 7697: 7692:on 24 March 2024 7691: 7674: 7664: 7644: 7595: 7576: 7556: 7545: 7514:Goodall, James. 7492: 7480: 7469: 7454: 7443: 7411: 7405: 7399: 7393: 7387: 7384:flightmuseum.com 7378: 7372: 7356: 7350: 7349: 7347: 7345: 7334: 7328: 7327: 7325: 7323: 7308: 7302: 7301: 7299: 7297: 7283: 7277: 7276: 7274: 7272: 7258: 7252: 7251: 7249: 7247: 7233: 7227: 7226: 7224: 7222: 7211: 7205: 7203: 7201: 7199: 7190:. Archived from 7180: 7174: 7173: 7171: 7169: 7153: 7147: 7146: 7144: 7142: 7137:on 27 April 2021 7127: 7121: 7120: 7118: 7116: 7105: 7099: 7098: 7096: 7094: 7079: 7073: 7072: 7070: 7068: 7057: 7051: 7050: 7048: 7046: 7034: 7028: 7027: 7025: 7023: 7012: 7006: 7005: 7003: 7001: 6987: 6981: 6972: 6966: 6965: 6963: 6961: 6950: 6944: 6943: 6941: 6939: 6932:"Our Collection" 6928: 6922: 6912: 6906: 6905: 6903: 6901: 6890: 6884: 6883: 6881: 6879: 6865: 6859: 6858: 6856: 6854: 6840: 6834: 6833: 6831: 6829: 6815: 6809: 6796:SR-71A Blackbird 6793: 6787: 6778: 6772: 6767: 6761: 6760: 6746: 6740: 6739: 6737: 6735: 6721: 6715: 6702: 6696: 6695: 6684: 6678: 6677: 6675: 6673: 6664:. Archived from 6654: 6648: 6647: 6645: 6643: 6629: 6623: 6617: 6611: 6605: 6599: 6598: 6596: 6594: 6580: 6574: 6568: 6562: 6561: 6559: 6557: 6541: 6532: 6531:, pp. 56–58 6526: 6520: 6519: 6517: 6515: 6499: 6493: 6492: 6490: 6488: 6477:Flightglobal.com 6468: 6462: 6461: 6459: 6457: 6437: 6431: 6416: 6410: 6405: 6399: 6396: 6390: 6387: 6381: 6372: 6366: 6350: 6344: 6335: 6326: 6325: 6323: 6321: 6306: 6300: 6299: 6288: 6279: 6278: 6267: 6261: 6260:, pp. 77–78 6255: 6249: 6246: 6240: 6234: 6228: 6227: 6225: 6223: 6213: 6205: 6199: 6194: 6188: 6183: 6177: 6174: 6165: 6160: 6154: 6149: 6143: 6138: 6132: 6131:, May–June 1993. 6125: 6114: 6109: 6103: 6100: 6091: 6088:Crickmore (1997) 6085: 6079: 6073: 6067: 6066:, pp. 84–85 6064:Crickmore (1997) 6061: 6055: 6049: 6043: 6038: 6032: 6027: 6021: 6018: 6012: 6007: 6001: 5996: 5990: 5984: 5978: 5977: 5971: 5969: 5945: 5936: 5935: 5933: 5931: 5920:OConnor, Kelly. 5917: 5911: 5910: 5905: 5903: 5884: 5878: 5875: 5869: 5868: 5852: 5846: 5845: 5829: 5823: 5822: 5803:System 37 Viggen 5798: 5792: 5791: 5785: 5783: 5757: 5751: 5750: 5744: 5742: 5722: 5705: 5704: 5689: 5687: 5665: 5642: 5641: 5639: 5637: 5629:Haynes, Leland. 5626: 5620: 5619: 5613: 5611: 5589: 5583: 5582: 5572: 5566: 5565: 5555: 5549: 5544: 5538: 5535: 5529: 5528: 5526: 5524: 5518:Breaking Defense 5509: 5503: 5500: 5494: 5491: 5485: 5478: 5472: 5471: 5469: 5467: 5461: 5454: 5446: 5440: 5439:, pp. 62–64 5437:Crickmore (1997) 5434: 5425: 5422:Crickmore (1997) 5419: 5413: 5412: 5399:The Untouchables 5394: 5385: 5384: 5382: 5380: 5365: 5359: 5358: 5356: 5354: 5338: 5332: 5329:Crickmore (1997) 5326: 5320: 5319: 5317: 5315: 5306:. Archived from 5295: 5289: 5288: 5270: 5264: 5263: 5261: 5259: 5245: 5239: 5238: 5220: 5214: 5206: 5200: 5197: 5191: 5182: 5171: 5170: 5168: 5166: 5151: 5145: 5142:Crickmore (1997) 5139: 5133: 5130:Crickmore (1997) 5127: 5121: 5118:Crickmore (1997) 5115: 5102: 5101: 5099: 5097: 5091: 5084: 5073: 5067: 5066: 5055: 5049: 5048: 5037: 5031: 5030: 5019: 5013: 5012: 5001: 4995: 4994: 4983: 4977: 4976: 4965: 4959: 4958: 4957:. 6 August 2013. 4947: 4941: 4932: 4926: 4919: 4913: 4910:Crickmore (2004) 4907: 4901: 4900:, pp. 38–39 4895: 4889: 4886: 4880: 4874: 4868: 4867: 4865: 4863: 4847: 4841: 4835: 4829: 4828: 4821:Brown, William. 4818: 4812: 4801: 4795: 4792: 4786: 4783: 4777: 4771: 4765: 4762: 4756: 4750: 4744: 4739: 4733: 4727: 4721: 4718: 4712: 4706: 4700: 4694: 4688: 4682: 4676: 4675: 4673: 4671: 4657: 4651: 4645: 4639: 4638: 4636: 4634: 4619: 4613: 4607: 4601: 4600:, pp. 42–43 4598:Crickmore (1997) 4595: 4589: 4583: 4577: 4574: 4568: 4565: 4559: 4554: 4548: 4542: 4536: 4533: 4527: 4521: 4515: 4512: 4501: 4495: 4489: 4483: 4477: 4471: 4465: 4462: 4456: 4453: 4447: 4444: 4438: 4432: 4426: 4421: 4415: 4409: 4403: 4397: 4391: 4385: 4379: 4376: 4370: 4369:May 2002, p. 36. 4364: 4358: 4355: 4349: 4346: 4340: 4330: 4324: 4318: 4312: 4311: 4306:. Archived from 4296: 4287: 4286: 4284: 4282: 4270: 4261: 4258: 4252: 4251: 4249: 4247: 4238:. Archived from 4228: 4222: 4216: 4210: 4209: 4207: 4205: 4195:"The Real X-Jet" 4190: 4184: 4178: 4172: 4166: 4160: 4154: 4148: 4142: 4136: 4130: 4124: 4119: 4113: 4103:"MiG-25 Foxbat." 4100: 4091: 4086: 4080: 4079:, pp. 30–31 4077:Crickmore (2009) 4074: 4068: 4063: 4057: 4041: 4035: 4029: 4023: 4017: 4011: 4006: 4000: 3994: 3988: 3987:, pp. 14–15 3982: 3976: 3975: 3966: 3955: 3949: 3943: 3942:, pp. 56–57 3937: 3928: 3927: 3925: 3923: 3908: 3902: 3901: 3883: 3877: 3876: 3874: 3872: 3854: 3845: 3839: 3833: 3827: 3821: 3812: 3799: 3793: 3787: 3781: 3775: 3774: 3766: 3760: 3754: 3743: 3737: 3722: 3719: 3710: 3709: 3707: 3705: 3688: 3679: 3678: 3676: 3674: 3665:. Archived from 3652: 3646: 3645: 3643: 3641: 3626: 3620: 3619: 3617: 3615: 3610:on 11 March 2014 3609: 3596: 3587: 3581: 3580: 3578: 3576: 3560: 3554: 3551:Crickmore (1997) 3548: 3529: 3526: 3520: 3517: 3511: 3504: 3498: 3487: 3481: 3474: 3468: 3465:Crickmore (2000) 3462: 3456: 3453:Crickmore (2000) 3449: 3443: 3432: 3319: 3308: 3303: 3302: 3301: 3294: 3289: 3288: 3287: 3215: 3184:Service ceiling: 3161: 3039: 2438: 2434: 2269: 2267: 2266: 2180: 2177: 2171: 2159: 2158: 2151: 2030:The Untouchables 1987:Marta Bohn-Meyer 1809:Final retirement 1752: 1749:Richard C. Macke 1683:strategic bomber 1598:state-of-the-art 1570:Finow-Eberswalde 1427:European flights 1163:infrared imagery 738:angles of attack 678:stealth aircraft 298:, and a camera. 158:22 December 1964 40: 28: 27: 12978: 12977: 12973: 12972: 12971: 12969: 12968: 12967: 12898: 12897: 12896: 12891: 12882: 12875: 12859: 12761: 12728: 12691: 12615: 12503: 12493: 12467: 12446: 12420: 12110: 12015: 11609: 11603: 11581: 11551: 11542: 11489: 11446: 11434: 11428: 11411: 11405: 11388: 11378: 11352: 11263: 11257: 11246: 11216: 11207: 11191: 11170: 11142: 11125: 11119: 11097: 11091: 10684: 10674: 10648: 10627: 10543: 10537: 10515: 10485: 10480: 10469: 10444: 10439: 10429: 10409: 10399: 10374: 10369: 10354: 10344: 10334: 10319: 10314: 10293: 9501: 9496: 9486: 9446: 9431: 9391: 9371: 9329: 9296: 9289: 9273: 9222: 9191: 9090: 9054: 9024: 8985:Desert Hawk III 8975:Cormorant (UAV) 8953: 8939:YO-3 Quiet Star 8917: 8893:P2V/P-2 Neptune 8871:Maritime patrol 8866: 8847:SR-71 Blackbird 8819: 8763: 8732: 8696: 8665: 8637:Fighter-bombers 8628: 8565: 8529: 8456: 8390: 8342: 8312: 8274: 8271:Lockheed Martin 8264: 8213: 8209: 8201: 8176: 8152: 8139: 8124: 8121: 8116: 8076:Pappas, Terry. 8067: 8065: 8061: 8045: 8043: 8027: 8005:Hobson, Chris. 7958: 7937: 7868: 7809: 7775: 7763:. Swindon, UK: 7721: 7695: 7693: 7689: 7672: 7653: 7592: 7565: 7542: 7489: 7419: 7414: 7406: 7402: 7394: 7390: 7379: 7375: 7366:Wayback Machine 7357: 7353: 7343: 7341: 7336: 7335: 7331: 7321: 7319: 7309: 7305: 7295: 7293: 7285: 7284: 7280: 7270: 7268: 7260: 7259: 7255: 7245: 7243: 7235: 7234: 7230: 7220: 7218: 7213: 7212: 7208: 7197: 7195: 7194:on 4 March 2000 7182: 7181: 7177: 7167: 7165: 7154: 7150: 7140: 7138: 7129: 7128: 7124: 7114: 7112: 7107: 7106: 7102: 7092: 7090: 7081: 7080: 7076: 7066: 7064: 7059: 7058: 7054: 7044: 7042: 7035: 7031: 7021: 7019: 7014: 7013: 7009: 6999: 6997: 6989: 6988: 6984: 6973: 6969: 6959: 6957: 6952: 6951: 6947: 6937: 6935: 6930: 6929: 6925: 6913: 6909: 6899: 6897: 6892: 6891: 6887: 6877: 6875: 6867: 6866: 6862: 6852: 6850: 6842: 6841: 6837: 6827: 6825: 6817: 6816: 6812: 6803:Wayback Machine 6794: 6790: 6779: 6775: 6768: 6764: 6748: 6747: 6743: 6733: 6731: 6723: 6722: 6718: 6712:Wayback Machine 6703: 6699: 6686: 6685: 6681: 6671: 6669: 6662:Mybaseguide.com 6656: 6655: 6651: 6641: 6639: 6631: 6630: 6626: 6618: 6614: 6606: 6602: 6592: 6590: 6582: 6581: 6577: 6573:, p. 62,75 6569: 6565: 6555: 6553: 6542: 6535: 6527: 6523: 6513: 6511: 6500: 6496: 6486: 6484: 6469: 6465: 6455: 6453: 6438: 6434: 6417: 6413: 6406: 6402: 6397: 6393: 6388: 6384: 6380:, 7 March 1990. 6373: 6369: 6360:Wayback Machine 6351: 6347: 6336: 6329: 6319: 6317: 6308: 6307: 6303: 6296:Voodoo-world.cz 6290: 6289: 6282: 6269: 6268: 6264: 6256: 6252: 6247: 6243: 6235: 6231: 6221: 6219: 6211: 6207: 6206: 6202: 6195: 6191: 6184: 6180: 6175: 6168: 6161: 6157: 6150: 6146: 6139: 6135: 6126: 6117: 6110: 6106: 6101: 6094: 6086: 6082: 6074: 6070: 6062: 6058: 6050: 6046: 6039: 6035: 6028: 6024: 6019: 6015: 6008: 6004: 5997: 5993: 5985: 5981: 5967: 5965: 5946: 5939: 5929: 5927: 5918: 5914: 5901: 5899: 5886: 5885: 5881: 5876: 5872: 5854: 5853: 5849: 5831: 5830: 5826: 5799: 5795: 5781: 5779: 5758: 5754: 5740: 5738: 5723: 5708: 5685: 5683: 5666: 5645: 5635: 5633: 5627: 5623: 5609: 5607: 5606:on 4 April 2014 5590: 5586: 5574: 5573: 5569: 5557: 5556: 5552: 5545: 5541: 5536: 5532: 5522: 5520: 5510: 5506: 5501: 5497: 5492: 5488: 5479: 5475: 5465: 5463: 5459: 5452: 5448: 5447: 5443: 5435: 5428: 5420: 5416: 5409: 5395: 5388: 5378: 5376: 5367: 5366: 5362: 5352: 5350: 5349:. Erik Johnston 5340: 5339: 5335: 5327: 5323: 5313: 5311: 5296: 5292: 5285: 5271: 5267: 5257: 5255: 5247: 5246: 5242: 5235: 5221: 5217: 5207: 5203: 5198: 5194: 5183: 5174: 5164: 5162: 5153: 5152: 5148: 5140: 5136: 5128: 5124: 5116: 5105: 5095: 5093: 5089: 5082: 5074: 5070: 5057: 5056: 5052: 5039: 5038: 5034: 5021: 5020: 5016: 5003: 5002: 4998: 4985: 4984: 4980: 4967: 4966: 4962: 4949: 4948: 4944: 4933: 4929: 4920: 4916: 4908: 4904: 4896: 4892: 4887: 4883: 4875: 4871: 4861: 4859: 4848: 4844: 4836: 4832: 4819: 4815: 4802: 4798: 4793: 4789: 4784: 4780: 4772: 4768: 4763: 4759: 4751: 4747: 4740: 4736: 4728: 4724: 4719: 4715: 4707: 4703: 4695: 4691: 4683: 4679: 4669: 4667: 4659: 4658: 4654: 4646: 4642: 4632: 4630: 4621: 4620: 4616: 4608: 4604: 4596: 4592: 4584: 4580: 4575: 4571: 4566: 4562: 4555: 4551: 4543: 4539: 4534: 4530: 4522: 4518: 4513: 4504: 4496: 4492: 4484: 4480: 4472: 4468: 4463: 4459: 4454: 4450: 4445: 4441: 4433: 4429: 4422: 4418: 4410: 4406: 4398: 4394: 4386: 4382: 4377: 4373: 4365: 4361: 4356: 4352: 4347: 4343: 4331: 4327: 4319: 4315: 4298: 4297: 4290: 4280: 4278: 4271: 4264: 4259: 4255: 4245: 4243: 4230: 4229: 4225: 4217: 4213: 4203: 4201: 4191: 4187: 4179: 4175: 4167: 4163: 4157:McIninch (1971) 4155: 4151: 4143: 4139: 4131: 4127: 4120: 4116: 4101: 4094: 4087: 4083: 4075: 4071: 4064: 4060: 4042: 4038: 4030: 4026: 4018: 4014: 4009:McIninch (1971) 4007: 4003: 3995: 3991: 3985:McIninch (1971) 3983: 3979: 3968: 3967: 3958: 3952:McIninch (1971) 3950: 3946: 3938: 3931: 3921: 3919: 3910: 3909: 3905: 3898: 3884: 3880: 3870: 3868: 3855: 3848: 3842:McIninch (1971) 3840: 3836: 3828: 3824: 3818:records.fai.org 3813: 3802: 3794: 3790: 3782: 3778: 3767: 3763: 3755: 3746: 3738: 3725: 3720: 3713: 3703: 3701: 3689: 3682: 3672: 3670: 3653: 3649: 3639: 3637: 3627: 3623: 3613: 3611: 3607: 3594: 3588: 3584: 3574: 3572: 3569:Lockheed Martin 3562: 3561: 3557: 3549: 3542: 3538: 3533: 3532: 3527: 3523: 3518: 3514: 3505: 3501: 3488: 3484: 3475: 3471: 3463: 3459: 3450: 3446: 3440:Lockheed Martin 3436:Martin Marietta 3433: 3429: 3424: 3419: 3317: 3304: 3299: 3297: 3292:Aviation portal 3290: 3285: 3283: 3280: 3216: 3211: 3157: 3127: 3065: 3035: 3003: 2482:"YF-12C #06937" 2478:Tucson, Arizona 2399: 2346:Kadena Air Base 2264: 2262: 2259: 2222: 2191: 2181: 2175: 2172: 2169: 2160: 2156: 2149: 2142:reconnaissance. 2005: 1972: 1936: 1859: 1854: 1826:ruled that the 1811: 1753: 1746: 1731: 1663: 1594:service ceiling 1574:MiG-25 "Foxbat" 1488:Gulf of Finland 1429: 1356:Lockheed Martin 1350:in March 1990. 1327:Kadena Air Base 1300: 1295: 1241: 1226:that he used a 1204:SLAR, built by 1179:infrared camera 1151: 1103: 1014: 983: 917: 911: 856: 810: 778: 702:sawtooth-shaped 663: 644: 554:distilled water 538: 499:Forward cockpit 493: 488: 479:Robert McNamara 458:Barry Goldwater 443:covert missions 404: 345: 339: 334: 245:, requested by 241:variant of the 199:" is a retired 175: 129: 104: 72:National origin 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 12976: 12966: 12965: 12960: 12955: 12950: 12945: 12940: 12935: 12930: 12925: 12920: 12915: 12910: 12893: 12892: 12880: 12877: 12876: 12874: 12873: 12867: 12865: 12861: 12860: 12858: 12857: 12852: 12851: 12850: 12845: 12837: 12836: 12835: 12825: 12824: 12823: 12813: 12812: 12811: 12803: 12802: 12801: 12791: 12790: 12789: 12784: 12773: 12771: 12767: 12766: 12763: 12762: 12760: 12759: 12754: 12753: 12752: 12747: 12736: 12734: 12733:Non-sequential 12730: 12729: 12727: 12726: 12721: 12720: 12719: 12714: 12704: 12699: 12694: 12689: 12688: 12687: 12682: 12672: 12667: 12666: 12665: 12660: 12650: 12649: 12648: 12643: 12638: 12633: 12623: 12618: 12613: 12612: 12611: 12601: 12596: 12591: 12590: 12589: 12579: 12574: 12569: 12564: 12563: 12562: 12552: 12551: 12550: 12540: 12535: 12530: 12529: 12528: 12523: 12514: 12512: 12505: 12504:(1962–present) 12499: 12498: 12495: 12494: 12492: 12491: 12486: 12481: 12475: 12473: 12472:Non-sequential 12469: 12468: 12466: 12465: 12460: 12454: 12452: 12448: 12447: 12445: 12444: 12439: 12434: 12428: 12426: 12422: 12421: 12419: 12418: 12417: 12416: 12411: 12406: 12401: 12396: 12386: 12381: 12376: 12371: 12366: 12365: 12364: 12359: 12351: 12346: 12345: 12344: 12339: 12334: 12324: 12319: 12318: 12317: 12307: 12302: 12301: 12300: 12290: 12285: 12280: 12275: 12270: 12265: 12260: 12255: 12250: 12245: 12240: 12235: 12230: 12225: 12224: 12223: 12218: 12208: 12203: 12202: 12201: 12196: 12186: 12181: 12176: 12171: 12166: 12161: 12160: 12159: 12149: 12144: 12139: 12134: 12129: 12124: 12118: 12116: 12112: 12111: 12109: 12108: 12103: 12098: 12093: 12088: 12083: 12078: 12073: 12068: 12063: 12058: 12053: 12048: 12043: 12038: 12033: 12028: 12023: 12018: 12013: 12008: 12003: 11998: 11993: 11988: 11983: 11978: 11973: 11968: 11963: 11958: 11953: 11948: 11943: 11942: 11941: 11936: 11928: 11923: 11918: 11913: 11908: 11903: 11898: 11893: 11888: 11883: 11878: 11873: 11868: 11863: 11858: 11853: 11848: 11843: 11838: 11833: 11832: 11831: 11821: 11816: 11811: 11806: 11801: 11796: 11791: 11786: 11781: 11776: 11771: 11766: 11761: 11756: 11751: 11746: 11741: 11736: 11731: 11726: 11721: 11716: 11711: 11706: 11701: 11696: 11691: 11686: 11681: 11676: 11671: 11666: 11661: 11656: 11651: 11650: 11649: 11644: 11636: 11631: 11626: 11620: 11618: 11611: 11608:1924 sequences 11605: 11604: 11580: 11579: 11572: 11565: 11557: 11548: 11547: 11544: 11543: 11541: 11540: 11535: 11534: 11533: 11528: 11518: 11513: 11508: 11503: 11497: 11495: 11491: 11490: 11488: 11487: 11482: 11477: 11472: 11467: 11461: 11459: 11452: 11448: 11447: 11445: 11444: 11438: 11436: 11435:(1962–present) 11430: 11429: 11427: 11426: 11421: 11415: 11413: 11412:(1964–present) 11407: 11406: 11404: 11403: 11398: 11392: 11390: 11384: 11383: 11380: 11379: 11377: 11376: 11371: 11366: 11360: 11358: 11354: 11353: 11351: 11350: 11345: 11340: 11335: 11330: 11325: 11320: 11315: 11310: 11305: 11300: 11295: 11290: 11285: 11280: 11274: 11272: 11265: 11259: 11258: 11245: 11244: 11237: 11230: 11222: 11213: 11212: 11209: 11208: 11206: 11205: 11199: 11197: 11193: 11192: 11190: 11189: 11184: 11178: 11176: 11172: 11171: 11169: 11168: 11163: 11157: 11155: 11148: 11147:Non-sequential 11144: 11143: 11141: 11140: 11135: 11129: 11127: 11126:(1962–current) 11121: 11120: 11118: 11117: 11112: 11107: 11101: 11099: 11093: 11092: 11090: 11089: 11084: 11079: 11074: 11069: 11064: 11059: 11054: 11049: 11044: 11039: 11034: 11029: 11024: 11019: 11018: 11017: 11012: 11002: 10997: 10992: 10987: 10982: 10977: 10972: 10971: 10970: 10960: 10955: 10950: 10949: 10948: 10938: 10933: 10928: 10923: 10918: 10913: 10908: 10903: 10898: 10893: 10888: 10887: 10886: 10881: 10871: 10866: 10861: 10856: 10851: 10846: 10841: 10840: 10839: 10829: 10824: 10819: 10814: 10809: 10804: 10799: 10794: 10789: 10784: 10779: 10774: 10769: 10764: 10759: 10754: 10749: 10744: 10739: 10734: 10729: 10724: 10719: 10714: 10709: 10704: 10699: 10694: 10688: 10686: 10680: 10679: 10676: 10675: 10673: 10672: 10667: 10662: 10656: 10654: 10650: 10649: 10647: 10646: 10641: 10635: 10633: 10629: 10628: 10626: 10625: 10620: 10615: 10610: 10605: 10600: 10595: 10590: 10585: 10580: 10575: 10570: 10565: 10560: 10554: 10552: 10545: 10539: 10538: 10514: 10513: 10506: 10499: 10491: 10482: 10481: 10478: 10475: 10474: 10471: 10470: 10468: 10467: 10462: 10457: 10452: 10447: 10442: 10437: 10432: 10427: 10422: 10417: 10412: 10407: 10402: 10397: 10392: 10387: 10382: 10377: 10372: 10367: 10362: 10357: 10352: 10347: 10342: 10337: 10332: 10327: 10322: 10317: 10312: 10307: 10301: 10299: 10292: 10291: 10286: 10281: 10276: 10271: 10266: 10261: 10256: 10251: 10246: 10241: 10236: 10231: 10226: 10221: 10216: 10211: 10206: 10201: 10196: 10191: 10186: 10181: 10176: 10175: 10174: 10164: 10159: 10154: 10149: 10144: 10139: 10134: 10129: 10124: 10119: 10114: 10109: 10104: 10099: 10094: 10089: 10084: 10079: 10074: 10069: 10064: 10059: 10054: 10049: 10044: 10039: 10034: 10029: 10024: 10019: 10014: 10009: 10004: 9999: 9994: 9989: 9984: 9979: 9974: 9969: 9964: 9959: 9954: 9949: 9944: 9939: 9934: 9929: 9924: 9919: 9914: 9909: 9904: 9899: 9894: 9889: 9884: 9879: 9874: 9869: 9864: 9859: 9854: 9849: 9844: 9839: 9834: 9829: 9824: 9819: 9814: 9809: 9804: 9799: 9794: 9789: 9784: 9779: 9774: 9769: 9764: 9759: 9754: 9749: 9744: 9739: 9734: 9729: 9724: 9719: 9714: 9709: 9704: 9699: 9694: 9689: 9684: 9679: 9674: 9669: 9664: 9659: 9654: 9649: 9644: 9639: 9634: 9629: 9624: 9619: 9614: 9609: 9604: 9599: 9594: 9589: 9584: 9579: 9574: 9569: 9564: 9559: 9554: 9549: 9544: 9539: 9534: 9529: 9524: 9519: 9514: 9509: 9504: 9499: 9494: 9489: 9484: 9479: 9474: 9469: 9464: 9459: 9454: 9449: 9444: 9439: 9434: 9429: 9424: 9419: 9414: 9409: 9404: 9399: 9394: 9389: 9384: 9379: 9374: 9369: 9364: 9359: 9354: 9349: 9348: 9347: 9337: 9332: 9327: 9322: 9317: 9312: 9307: 9301: 9299: 9291: 9290: 9288: 9287: 9281: 9279: 9275: 9274: 9272: 9271: 9266: 9261: 9256: 9251: 9246: 9241: 9236: 9230: 9228: 9224: 9223: 9221: 9220: 9215: 9210: 9205: 9199: 9197: 9196:Light aircraft 9193: 9192: 9190: 9189: 9184: 9179: 9174: 9169: 9164: 9159: 9154: 9149: 9144: 9139: 9134: 9129: 9124: 9119: 9114: 9109: 9104: 9098: 9096: 9092: 9091: 9089: 9088: 9083: 9078: 9076:AH-56 Cheyenne 9073: 9068: 9062: 9060: 9056: 9055: 9053: 9052: 9047: 9042: 9036: 9034: 9030: 9029: 9026: 9025: 9023: 9022: 9017: 9012: 9007: 9002: 8997: 8992: 8987: 8982: 8977: 8972: 8967: 8961: 8959: 8955: 8954: 8952: 8951: 8946: 8941: 8936: 8931: 8925: 8923: 8919: 8918: 8916: 8915: 8910: 8905: 8900: 8895: 8890: 8885: 8880: 8874: 8872: 8868: 8867: 8865: 8864: 8859: 8854: 8849: 8844: 8838: 8836: 8829: 8828:Reconnaissance 8825: 8824: 8821: 8820: 8818: 8817: 8812: 8807: 8802: 8797: 8792: 8787: 8782: 8777: 8771: 8769: 8765: 8764: 8762: 8761: 8756: 8751: 8746: 8740: 8738: 8734: 8733: 8731: 8730: 8725: 8720: 8715: 8710: 8704: 8702: 8698: 8697: 8695: 8694: 8689: 8684: 8679: 8673: 8671: 8667: 8666: 8664: 8663: 8658: 8653: 8647: 8645: 8638: 8634: 8633: 8630: 8629: 8627: 8626: 8621: 8619:Vega Starliner 8616: 8611: 8606: 8605: 8604: 8597:L-1011 Tristar 8594: 8589: 8584: 8579: 8573: 8571: 8567: 8566: 8564: 8563: 8558: 8553: 8548: 8543: 8537: 8535: 8531: 8530: 8528: 8527: 8522: 8517: 8512: 8507: 8502: 8501: 8500: 8490: 8485: 8480: 8475: 8470: 8464: 8462: 8458: 8457: 8455: 8454: 8449: 8444: 8439: 8434: 8429: 8424: 8419: 8414: 8409: 8404: 8398: 8396: 8392: 8391: 8389: 8388: 8383: 8378: 8373: 8372: 8371: 8361: 8356: 8350: 8348: 8347:Electra family 8344: 8343: 8341: 8340: 8335: 8330: 8325: 8320: 8315: 8310: 8305: 8300: 8295: 8293:1 & 2 Vega 8289: 8287: 8280: 8276: 8275: 8263: 8262: 8255: 8248: 8240: 8234: 8233: 8222: 8207: 8199: 8195:"SR-71 Online" 8193:Kucher, Paul. 8190: 8174: 8157: 8132: 8120: 8119:External links 8117: 8115: 8114: 8092: 8084: 8074: 8052: 8018: 8003: 7988: 7977: 7962: 7956: 7941: 7935: 7920: 7903: 7893: 7874: 7867: 7866: 7851: 7832: 7813: 7807: 7794: 7779: 7773: 7756: 7739:Air Enthusiast 7733: 7719: 7702: 7665: 7652:978-1580070867 7651: 7634: 7617:Johnson, C.L. 7615: 7596: 7591:978-0760343272 7590: 7577: 7564:978-0760301227 7563: 7546: 7540: 7527: 7512: 7493: 7488:978-1841760988 7487: 7470: 7455: 7444: 7440:Newspapers.com 7420: 7418: 7415: 7413: 7412: 7400: 7388: 7373: 7351: 7329: 7303: 7278: 7253: 7228: 7206: 7175: 7162:Plane Historia 7148: 7122: 7100: 7074: 7052: 7029: 7007: 6982: 6967: 6945: 6923: 6907: 6885: 6860: 6835: 6810: 6788: 6773: 6762: 6741: 6716: 6697: 6692:Blackbirds.net 6679: 6649: 6624: 6612: 6600: 6575: 6563: 6533: 6521: 6494: 6463: 6432: 6411: 6400: 6391: 6382: 6367: 6345: 6327: 6301: 6280: 6262: 6250: 6241: 6229: 6200: 6189: 6178: 6166: 6155: 6144: 6133: 6115: 6104: 6092: 6080: 6068: 6056: 6044: 6033: 6022: 6013: 6002: 5991: 5979: 5937: 5912: 5879: 5870: 5847: 5824: 5793: 5752: 5706: 5682:on 10 May 2018 5643: 5621: 5584: 5567: 5550: 5539: 5530: 5504: 5495: 5493:Hobson p. 269. 5486: 5473: 5441: 5426: 5414: 5407: 5386: 5360: 5333: 5321: 5310:on 6 July 2019 5290: 5284:978-1857800029 5283: 5265: 5253:Blackbirds.net 5240: 5233: 5215: 5201: 5192: 5172: 5146: 5134: 5122: 5103: 5068: 5050: 5032: 5014: 4996: 4978: 4960: 4942: 4927: 4914: 4902: 4890: 4881: 4869: 4842: 4830: 4813: 4796: 4787: 4778: 4766: 4757: 4745: 4734: 4722: 4713: 4701: 4689: 4677: 4652: 4640: 4614: 4602: 4590: 4578: 4569: 4560: 4549: 4537: 4528: 4516: 4502: 4490: 4478: 4466: 4457: 4448: 4439: 4427: 4416: 4404: 4392: 4380: 4371: 4359: 4350: 4341: 4325: 4313: 4288: 4262: 4253: 4223: 4211: 4185: 4173: 4161: 4149: 4137: 4125: 4114: 4092: 4081: 4069: 4058: 4036: 4024: 4012: 4001: 3999:, pp. 4–5 3989: 3977: 3956: 3944: 3929: 3903: 3896: 3878: 3846: 3834: 3822: 3800: 3788: 3776: 3761: 3744: 3723: 3711: 3680: 3647: 3621: 3582: 3555: 3539: 3537: 3534: 3531: 3530: 3521: 3512: 3499: 3482: 3469: 3457: 3444: 3426: 3425: 3423: 3420: 3418: 3415: 3414: 3413: 3408: 3403: 3392: 3391: 3386: 3381: 3376: 3371: 3360: 3359: 3357:Lockheed YF-12 3354: 3353: 3352: 3336: 3335: 3330: 3325: 3320: 3310: 3309: 3295: 3279: 3276: 3275: 3274: 3273: 3272: 3271: 3270: 3267: 3264: 3261: 3258: 3255: 3252: 3249: 3246: 3243: 3240: 3237: 3236:A – nose radar 3231: 3230: 3224: 3209: 3208: 3199: 3193: 3190:Rate of climb: 3187: 3181: 3175: 3172:Maximum speed: 3169: 3166:Maximum speed: 3155: 3154: 3153: 3152: 3151: 3150: 3149: 3148: 3142: 3129: 3128: 3117: 3114:Fuel capacity: 3111: 3105: 3099: 3093: 3084: 3078: 3072: 3066: 3059: 3053: 3047: 3002: 2999: 2978: 2977: 2963: 2960: 2956: 2955: 2945: 2942: 2938: 2937: 2927: 2924: 2920: 2919: 2912: 2909: 2905: 2904: 2897: 2894: 2890: 2889: 2875: 2872: 2868: 2867: 2850: 2847: 2843: 2842: 2839:Mariana Trench 2835: 2832: 2828: 2827: 2817: 2814: 2810: 2809: 2798: 2795: 2791: 2790: 2781: 2778: 2774: 2773: 2770: 2767: 2763: 2762: 2759: 2756: 2752: 2751: 2742: 2739: 2735: 2734: 2725: 2722: 2718: 2717: 2714: 2711: 2707: 2706: 2703: 2700: 2696: 2695: 2686: 2683: 2679: 2678: 2669: 2666: 2662: 2661: 2651: 2648: 2644: 2643: 2634: 2631: 2627: 2626: 2618:at the former 2613: 2610: 2606: 2605: 2595: 2592: 2588: 2587: 2574: 2571: 2567: 2566: 2563: 2560: 2556: 2555: 2545: 2542: 2538: 2537: 2530: 2527: 2523: 2522: 2519: 2516: 2512: 2511: 2508: 2505: 2501: 2500: 2493: 2490: 2486: 2485: 2467: 2464: 2460: 2459: 2456: 2453: 2449: 2448: 2445: 2442: 2425:SR-71A at the 2398: 2395: 2394: 2393: 2378: 2377: 2373: 2372: 2367:Detachment 2, 2364: 2363: 2358: 2357: 2356: 2353:RAF Mildenhall 2351:Detachment 4, 2349: 2344:Detachment 1, 2342: 2336: 2327: 2326: 2315: 2314: 2309: 2308: 2307: 2304: 2298: 2297: 2286: 2285: 2272: 2271: 2258: 2255: 2254: 2253: 2246: 2240: 2221: 2218: 2187:Main article: 2183: 2182: 2163: 2161: 2154: 2148: 2145: 2129:addressed the 2115: 2114: 2111: 2108: 2098: 2004: 2001: 2000: 1999: 1996: 1993: 1990: 1983: 1976: 1971: 1968: 1967: 1966: 1963: 1960: 1957: 1950: 1947: 1944:RAF Mildenhall 1940: 1935: 1932: 1931: 1930: 1923: 1920: 1917: 1910: 1907: 1903: 1900: 1893: 1886: 1883: 1880: 1877: 1874: 1863: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1820:line-item veto 1810: 1807: 1770:Thomas F. Hall 1744: 1730: 1727: 1707:Kola Peninsula 1662: 1659: 1472:Danish straits 1464:Baltic Express 1441:Northern Fleet 1437:Kola Peninsula 1428: 1425: 1413: 1412: 1409: 1406: 1403: 1400: 1397: 1373:Early project 1340:RAF Mildenhall 1299: 1296: 1294: 1291: 1282:heat exchanger 1240: 1237: 1150: 1147: 1127:AGM-48 Skybolt 1102: 1099: 1048:triethylborane 1034:KC-10 Extender 1013: 1010: 982: 981:Ejector Nozzle 979: 966: 965: 962: 959: 952: 947:3.2 included: 913:Main article: 910: 907: 855: 852: 809: 806: 777: 774: 662: 659: 643: 640: 537: 534: 492: 489: 487: 484: 423:XB-70 Valkyrie 403: 400: 341:Main article: 338: 335: 333: 330: 326:Lockheed YF-12 290:role included 193:Lockheed SR-71 187: 186: 181: 180:Developed from 177: 176: 174: 173: 170: 166: 164: 160: 159: 156: 152: 151: 148: 144: 143: 139: 138: 135: 131: 130: 124: 118: 114: 113: 110: 106: 105: 99: 93: 89: 88: 83: 77: 76: 73: 69: 68: 60: 56: 55: 51: 50: 42: 41: 33: 32: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12975: 12964: 12961: 12959: 12956: 12954: 12951: 12949: 12946: 12944: 12941: 12939: 12936: 12934: 12933:NASA aircraft 12931: 12929: 12926: 12924: 12921: 12919: 12916: 12914: 12911: 12909: 12906: 12905: 12903: 12890: 12886: 12878: 12872: 12869: 12868: 12866: 12862: 12856: 12853: 12849: 12846: 12844: 12841: 12840: 12838: 12834: 12831: 12830: 12829: 12826: 12822: 12819: 12818: 12817: 12814: 12810: 12807: 12806: 12804: 12800: 12797: 12796: 12795: 12792: 12788: 12785: 12783: 12780: 12779: 12778: 12775: 12774: 12772: 12768: 12758: 12755: 12751: 12748: 12746: 12743: 12742: 12741: 12738: 12737: 12735: 12731: 12725: 12722: 12718: 12715: 12713: 12710: 12709: 12708: 12705: 12703: 12700: 12698: 12695: 12690: 12686: 12683: 12681: 12678: 12677: 12676: 12673: 12671: 12668: 12664: 12661: 12659: 12656: 12655: 12654: 12651: 12647: 12646:F-15 STOL/MTD 12644: 12642: 12639: 12637: 12634: 12632: 12629: 12628: 12627: 12624: 12622: 12619: 12614: 12610: 12607: 12606: 12605: 12602: 12600: 12597: 12595: 12592: 12588: 12585: 12584: 12583: 12580: 12578: 12575: 12573: 12570: 12568: 12565: 12561: 12558: 12557: 12556: 12553: 12549: 12546: 12545: 12544: 12541: 12539: 12536: 12534: 12531: 12527: 12524: 12522: 12519: 12518: 12516: 12515: 12513: 12511:Main sequence 12509: 12506: 12500: 12490: 12487: 12485: 12482: 12480: 12477: 12476: 12474: 12470: 12464: 12461: 12459: 12456: 12455: 12453: 12449: 12443: 12440: 12438: 12435: 12433: 12430: 12429: 12427: 12423: 12415: 12412: 12410: 12407: 12405: 12402: 12400: 12397: 12395: 12392: 12391: 12390: 12387: 12385: 12382: 12380: 12377: 12375: 12372: 12370: 12367: 12363: 12360: 12358: 12355: 12354: 12352: 12350: 12347: 12343: 12340: 12338: 12335: 12333: 12330: 12329: 12328: 12325: 12323: 12320: 12316: 12313: 12312: 12311: 12308: 12306: 12303: 12299: 12296: 12295: 12294: 12291: 12289: 12286: 12284: 12281: 12279: 12276: 12274: 12271: 12269: 12266: 12264: 12261: 12259: 12256: 12254: 12251: 12249: 12246: 12244: 12241: 12239: 12236: 12234: 12231: 12229: 12226: 12222: 12219: 12217: 12214: 12213: 12212: 12209: 12207: 12204: 12200: 12197: 12195: 12192: 12191: 12190: 12187: 12185: 12182: 12180: 12177: 12175: 12172: 12170: 12167: 12165: 12162: 12158: 12155: 12154: 12153: 12150: 12148: 12145: 12143: 12140: 12138: 12135: 12133: 12130: 12128: 12125: 12123: 12120: 12119: 12117: 12113: 12107: 12104: 12102: 12099: 12097: 12094: 12092: 12089: 12087: 12084: 12082: 12079: 12077: 12074: 12072: 12069: 12067: 12064: 12062: 12059: 12057: 12054: 12052: 12049: 12047: 12044: 12042: 12039: 12037: 12034: 12032: 12029: 12027: 12024: 12022: 12019: 12014: 12012: 12009: 12007: 12004: 12002: 11999: 11997: 11994: 11992: 11989: 11987: 11984: 11982: 11979: 11977: 11974: 11972: 11969: 11967: 11964: 11962: 11959: 11957: 11954: 11952: 11949: 11947: 11944: 11940: 11937: 11935: 11932: 11931: 11929: 11927: 11924: 11922: 11919: 11917: 11914: 11912: 11909: 11907: 11904: 11902: 11899: 11897: 11894: 11892: 11889: 11887: 11884: 11882: 11879: 11877: 11874: 11872: 11869: 11867: 11864: 11862: 11859: 11857: 11854: 11852: 11849: 11847: 11844: 11842: 11839: 11837: 11834: 11830: 11827: 11826: 11825: 11822: 11820: 11817: 11815: 11812: 11810: 11807: 11805: 11802: 11800: 11797: 11795: 11792: 11790: 11787: 11785: 11782: 11780: 11777: 11775: 11772: 11770: 11767: 11765: 11762: 11760: 11757: 11755: 11752: 11750: 11747: 11745: 11742: 11740: 11737: 11735: 11732: 11730: 11727: 11725: 11722: 11720: 11717: 11715: 11712: 11710: 11707: 11705: 11702: 11700: 11697: 11695: 11692: 11690: 11687: 11685: 11682: 11680: 11677: 11675: 11672: 11670: 11667: 11665: 11662: 11660: 11657: 11655: 11652: 11648: 11645: 11643: 11640: 11639: 11637: 11635: 11632: 11630: 11627: 11625: 11622: 11621: 11619: 11615: 11612: 11606: 11601: 11597: 11593: 11589: 11585: 11578: 11573: 11571: 11566: 11564: 11559: 11558: 11555: 11539: 11536: 11532: 11529: 11527: 11524: 11523: 11522: 11519: 11517: 11514: 11512: 11509: 11507: 11504: 11502: 11499: 11498: 11496: 11492: 11486: 11483: 11481: 11478: 11476: 11473: 11471: 11468: 11466: 11463: 11462: 11460: 11456: 11453: 11449: 11443: 11440: 11439: 11437: 11431: 11425: 11422: 11420: 11417: 11416: 11414: 11408: 11402: 11399: 11397: 11394: 11393: 11391: 11385: 11375: 11372: 11370: 11367: 11365: 11362: 11361: 11359: 11355: 11349: 11346: 11344: 11341: 11339: 11336: 11334: 11331: 11329: 11326: 11324: 11321: 11319: 11316: 11314: 11311: 11309: 11306: 11304: 11301: 11299: 11296: 11294: 11291: 11289: 11286: 11284: 11281: 11279: 11276: 11275: 11273: 11269: 11266: 11260: 11255: 11251: 11243: 11238: 11236: 11231: 11229: 11224: 11223: 11220: 11204: 11201: 11200: 11198: 11194: 11188: 11185: 11183: 11180: 11179: 11177: 11173: 11167: 11164: 11162: 11159: 11158: 11156: 11152: 11149: 11145: 11139: 11136: 11134: 11131: 11130: 11128: 11122: 11116: 11113: 11111: 11108: 11106: 11103: 11102: 11100: 11094: 11088: 11085: 11083: 11080: 11078: 11075: 11073: 11070: 11068: 11065: 11063: 11060: 11058: 11055: 11053: 11050: 11048: 11045: 11043: 11040: 11038: 11035: 11033: 11030: 11028: 11025: 11023: 11020: 11016: 11013: 11011: 11008: 11007: 11006: 11003: 11001: 10998: 10996: 10993: 10991: 10988: 10986: 10983: 10981: 10978: 10976: 10973: 10969: 10966: 10965: 10964: 10961: 10959: 10956: 10954: 10951: 10947: 10944: 10943: 10942: 10939: 10937: 10934: 10932: 10929: 10927: 10924: 10922: 10919: 10917: 10914: 10912: 10909: 10907: 10904: 10902: 10899: 10897: 10894: 10892: 10889: 10885: 10882: 10880: 10877: 10876: 10875: 10872: 10870: 10867: 10865: 10862: 10860: 10857: 10855: 10852: 10850: 10847: 10845: 10842: 10838: 10835: 10834: 10833: 10830: 10828: 10825: 10823: 10820: 10818: 10815: 10813: 10810: 10808: 10805: 10803: 10800: 10798: 10795: 10793: 10790: 10788: 10785: 10783: 10780: 10778: 10775: 10773: 10770: 10768: 10765: 10763: 10760: 10758: 10755: 10753: 10750: 10748: 10745: 10743: 10740: 10738: 10735: 10733: 10730: 10728: 10725: 10723: 10720: 10718: 10715: 10713: 10710: 10708: 10705: 10703: 10700: 10698: 10695: 10693: 10690: 10689: 10687: 10683:Main sequence 10681: 10671: 10668: 10666: 10663: 10661: 10658: 10657: 10655: 10651: 10645: 10642: 10640: 10637: 10636: 10634: 10632:Medium bomber 10630: 10624: 10621: 10619: 10616: 10614: 10611: 10609: 10606: 10604: 10601: 10599: 10596: 10594: 10591: 10589: 10586: 10584: 10581: 10579: 10576: 10574: 10571: 10569: 10566: 10564: 10561: 10559: 10556: 10555: 10553: 10549: 10546: 10540: 10535: 10531: 10527: 10523: 10519: 10512: 10507: 10505: 10500: 10498: 10493: 10492: 10489: 10476: 10466: 10463: 10461: 10458: 10456: 10453: 10451: 10448: 10443: 10438: 10436: 10433: 10428: 10426: 10423: 10421: 10418: 10416: 10413: 10408: 10406: 10403: 10398: 10396: 10393: 10391: 10388: 10386: 10383: 10381: 10378: 10373: 10368: 10366: 10363: 10361: 10358: 10353: 10351: 10348: 10343: 10341: 10338: 10333: 10331: 10328: 10326: 10323: 10318: 10313: 10311: 10308: 10306: 10303: 10302: 10300: 10296: 10290: 10287: 10285: 10282: 10280: 10277: 10275: 10272: 10270: 10267: 10265: 10262: 10260: 10257: 10255: 10252: 10250: 10247: 10245: 10242: 10240: 10237: 10235: 10232: 10230: 10227: 10225: 10222: 10220: 10217: 10215: 10212: 10210: 10207: 10205: 10202: 10200: 10197: 10195: 10192: 10190: 10187: 10185: 10182: 10180: 10177: 10173: 10170: 10169: 10168: 10165: 10163: 10160: 10158: 10155: 10153: 10150: 10148: 10145: 10143: 10140: 10138: 10135: 10133: 10130: 10128: 10125: 10123: 10120: 10118: 10115: 10113: 10110: 10108: 10105: 10103: 10100: 10098: 10095: 10093: 10090: 10088: 10085: 10083: 10080: 10078: 10075: 10073: 10070: 10068: 10065: 10063: 10060: 10058: 10055: 10053: 10050: 10048: 10045: 10043: 10040: 10038: 10035: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10018: 10015: 10013: 10010: 10008: 10005: 10003: 10000: 9998: 9995: 9993: 9990: 9988: 9985: 9983: 9980: 9978: 9975: 9973: 9970: 9968: 9965: 9963: 9960: 9958: 9955: 9953: 9950: 9948: 9945: 9943: 9940: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9930: 9928: 9925: 9923: 9920: 9918: 9915: 9913: 9910: 9908: 9905: 9903: 9900: 9898: 9895: 9893: 9890: 9888: 9885: 9883: 9880: 9878: 9875: 9873: 9870: 9868: 9865: 9863: 9860: 9858: 9855: 9853: 9850: 9848: 9845: 9843: 9840: 9838: 9835: 9833: 9830: 9828: 9825: 9823: 9820: 9818: 9815: 9813: 9810: 9808: 9805: 9803: 9800: 9798: 9795: 9793: 9790: 9788: 9785: 9783: 9780: 9778: 9775: 9773: 9770: 9768: 9765: 9763: 9760: 9758: 9755: 9753: 9750: 9748: 9745: 9743: 9740: 9738: 9735: 9733: 9730: 9728: 9725: 9723: 9720: 9718: 9715: 9713: 9710: 9708: 9705: 9703: 9700: 9698: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9688: 9685: 9683: 9680: 9678: 9675: 9673: 9670: 9668: 9665: 9663: 9660: 9658: 9655: 9653: 9650: 9648: 9645: 9643: 9640: 9638: 9635: 9633: 9630: 9628: 9625: 9623: 9620: 9618: 9615: 9613: 9610: 9608: 9605: 9603: 9600: 9598: 9595: 9593: 9590: 9588: 9585: 9583: 9580: 9578: 9575: 9573: 9570: 9568: 9565: 9563: 9560: 9558: 9555: 9553: 9550: 9548: 9545: 9543: 9540: 9538: 9535: 9533: 9530: 9528: 9525: 9523: 9520: 9518: 9515: 9513: 9510: 9508: 9505: 9500: 9495: 9493: 9490: 9485: 9483: 9480: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9453: 9450: 9445: 9443: 9440: 9438: 9435: 9430: 9428: 9425: 9423: 9420: 9418: 9415: 9413: 9410: 9408: 9405: 9403: 9400: 9398: 9395: 9390: 9388: 9385: 9383: 9380: 9378: 9375: 9370: 9368: 9365: 9363: 9360: 9358: 9355: 9353: 9350: 9346: 9343: 9342: 9341: 9338: 9336: 9333: 9328: 9326: 9323: 9321: 9318: 9316: 9313: 9311: 9308: 9306: 9303: 9302: 9300: 9298: 9292: 9286: 9283: 9282: 9280: 9276: 9270: 9267: 9265: 9262: 9260: 9257: 9255: 9252: 9250: 9247: 9245: 9242: 9240: 9237: 9235: 9232: 9231: 9229: 9225: 9219: 9218:Little Dipper 9216: 9214: 9211: 9209: 9206: 9204: 9201: 9200: 9198: 9194: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9168: 9165: 9163: 9160: 9158: 9155: 9153: 9150: 9148: 9145: 9143: 9140: 9138: 9135: 9133: 9130: 9128: 9125: 9123: 9120: 9118: 9115: 9113: 9110: 9108: 9105: 9103: 9100: 9099: 9097: 9093: 9087: 9086:VH-92 Patriot 9084: 9082: 9081:VH-71 Kestrel 9079: 9077: 9074: 9072: 9069: 9067: 9064: 9063: 9061: 9057: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9038: 9037: 9035: 9031: 9021: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 9001: 8998: 8996: 8993: 8991: 8988: 8986: 8983: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8962: 8960: 8956: 8950: 8947: 8945: 8942: 8940: 8937: 8935: 8932: 8930: 8927: 8926: 8924: 8920: 8914: 8911: 8909: 8908:CP-140 Aurora 8906: 8904: 8901: 8899: 8896: 8894: 8891: 8889: 8886: 8884: 8881: 8879: 8876: 8875: 8873: 8869: 8863: 8860: 8858: 8855: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8845: 8843: 8840: 8839: 8837: 8833: 8830: 8826: 8816: 8813: 8811: 8808: 8806: 8803: 8801: 8798: 8796: 8793: 8791: 8788: 8786: 8783: 8781: 8778: 8776: 8773: 8772: 8770: 8766: 8760: 8757: 8755: 8752: 8750: 8747: 8745: 8742: 8741: 8739: 8737:Raptor family 8735: 8729: 8726: 8724: 8721: 8719: 8716: 8714: 8711: 8709: 8706: 8705: 8703: 8699: 8693: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8683: 8680: 8678: 8675: 8674: 8672: 8668: 8662: 8659: 8657: 8654: 8652: 8649: 8648: 8646: 8642: 8639: 8635: 8625: 8622: 8620: 8617: 8615: 8612: 8610: 8607: 8603: 8600: 8599: 8598: 8595: 8593: 8590: 8588: 8585: 8583: 8580: 8578: 8575: 8574: 8572: 8568: 8562: 8559: 8557: 8554: 8552: 8549: 8547: 8544: 8542: 8539: 8538: 8536: 8532: 8526: 8523: 8521: 8518: 8516: 8513: 8511: 8508: 8506: 8503: 8499: 8496: 8495: 8494: 8491: 8489: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8479: 8476: 8474: 8471: 8469: 8466: 8465: 8463: 8459: 8453: 8450: 8448: 8445: 8443: 8440: 8438: 8435: 8433: 8430: 8428: 8425: 8423: 8420: 8418: 8415: 8413: 8410: 8408: 8405: 8403: 8402:Constellation 8400: 8399: 8397: 8393: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8379: 8377: 8374: 8370: 8367: 8366: 8365: 8362: 8360: 8357: 8355: 8352: 8351: 8349: 8345: 8339: 8336: 8334: 8331: 8329: 8326: 8324: 8321: 8319: 8316: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8301: 8299: 8298:3 Air Express 8296: 8294: 8291: 8290: 8288: 8284: 8281: 8277: 8272: 8268: 8261: 8256: 8254: 8249: 8247: 8242: 8241: 8238: 8230: 8229: 8223: 8219: 8212: 8208: 8204: 8200: 8196: 8191: 8187: 8183: 8179: 8175: 8171: 8167: 8163: 8158: 8151: 8147: 8146: 8138: 8133: 8129: 8128: 8123: 8122: 8112: 8111:0-07-052021-6 8108: 8104: 8100: 8098: 8093: 8090: 8089: 8085: 8082: 8079: 8075: 8060: 8059: 8053: 8041: 8037: 8033: 8026: 8025: 8019: 8016: 8015:1-85780-115-6 8012: 8008: 8004: 8001: 7997: 7993: 7989: 7986: 7985:1-85780-138-5 7982: 7978: 7975: 7974:91-973892-6-9 7971: 7967: 7963: 7959: 7953: 7949: 7948: 7942: 7938: 7936:1-84176-694-1 7932: 7928: 7927: 7921: 7918: 7917:0-14-102292-2 7914: 7910: 7909: 7904: 7901: 7898: 7894: 7891: 7890:1-56347-701-7 7887: 7883: 7881: 7876: 7875: 7873: 7872: 7864: 7860: 7856: 7852: 7849: 7848:0-929823-12-5 7845: 7841: 7837: 7833: 7830: 7829:0-929823-08-7 7826: 7822: 7818: 7814: 7810: 7808:0-316-74330-5 7804: 7800: 7795: 7792: 7791:0-7603-1000-9 7788: 7784: 7780: 7776: 7774:1-86126-697-9 7770: 7766: 7765:Crowood Press 7762: 7757: 7753: 7749: 7745: 7741: 7740: 7734: 7730: 7726: 7722: 7716: 7712: 7708: 7703: 7688: 7684: 7680: 7679: 7671: 7666: 7662: 7658: 7654: 7648: 7643: 7642: 7635: 7632: 7631:0-87474-491-1 7628: 7624: 7620: 7616: 7613: 7609: 7605: 7601: 7597: 7593: 7587: 7583: 7578: 7574: 7570: 7566: 7560: 7555: 7554: 7547: 7543: 7541:0-7603-1142-0 7537: 7533: 7528: 7525: 7524:1-85780-138-5 7521: 7517: 7513: 7510: 7509:1-880588-67-6 7506: 7502: 7498: 7494: 7490: 7484: 7479: 7478: 7471: 7467: 7463: 7462: 7461:Wings of Fame 7456: 7452: 7451: 7445: 7441: 7437: 7433: 7429: 7428: 7422: 7421: 7409: 7408:Graham (2002) 7404: 7398:, p. 110 7397: 7392: 7385: 7382: 7377: 7370: 7367: 7363: 7360: 7355: 7339: 7333: 7318: 7314: 7307: 7292: 7288: 7282: 7267: 7263: 7257: 7242: 7238: 7232: 7216: 7210: 7193: 7189: 7185: 7179: 7163: 7159: 7152: 7136: 7132: 7126: 7110: 7104: 7088: 7084: 7083:"Pure Speed!" 7078: 7062: 7056: 7040: 7033: 7017: 7011: 6996: 6992: 6986: 6979: 6976: 6971: 6956:. Cosmosphere 6955: 6949: 6933: 6927: 6920: 6916: 6911: 6895: 6889: 6874: 6870: 6864: 6849: 6845: 6839: 6824: 6820: 6814: 6807: 6804: 6800: 6797: 6792: 6785: 6784:check-six.com 6782: 6777: 6771: 6770:Graham (2013) 6766: 6758: 6754: 6753: 6745: 6730: 6726: 6720: 6713: 6709: 6706: 6701: 6693: 6689: 6683: 6667: 6663: 6659: 6653: 6638: 6634: 6628: 6621: 6616: 6609: 6608:Merlin (2005) 6604: 6589: 6585: 6579: 6572: 6567: 6551: 6550:avgeekery.com 6547: 6540: 6538: 6530: 6525: 6509: 6508:Aviation Week 6505: 6498: 6482: 6478: 6474: 6467: 6451: 6447: 6446:Aviation Week 6443: 6436: 6429: 6428:0-8306-7415-2 6425: 6421: 6415: 6409: 6408:Graham (1996) 6404: 6395: 6386: 6379: 6376: 6371: 6364: 6361: 6357: 6354: 6349: 6342: 6339: 6334: 6332: 6315: 6311: 6305: 6297: 6293: 6287: 6285: 6276: 6272: 6266: 6259: 6254: 6245: 6238: 6233: 6217: 6210: 6204: 6198: 6197:Graham (1996) 6193: 6187: 6186:Graham (1996) 6182: 6173: 6171: 6164: 6163:Graham (1996) 6159: 6153: 6152:Graham (1996) 6148: 6142: 6141:Graham (1996) 6137: 6130: 6124: 6122: 6120: 6113: 6112:Graham (1996) 6108: 6099: 6097: 6089: 6084: 6077: 6076:Graham (1996) 6072: 6065: 6060: 6054:, p. 204 6053: 6052:Graham (1996) 6048: 6042: 6041:Graham (1996) 6037: 6031: 6030:Graham (1996) 6026: 6017: 6011: 6010:Graham (1996) 6006: 6000: 5999:Graham (1996) 5995: 5988: 5987:Graham (1996) 5983: 5976: 5963: 5959: 5955: 5951: 5944: 5942: 5925: 5924: 5916: 5909: 5898:on 2 May 2017 5897: 5893: 5889: 5883: 5874: 5866: 5862: 5858: 5851: 5843: 5839: 5835: 5828: 5820: 5816: 5812: 5808: 5804: 5797: 5790: 5777: 5773: 5769: 5768: 5763: 5756: 5749: 5736: 5732: 5728: 5721: 5719: 5717: 5715: 5713: 5711: 5702: 5698: 5693: 5681: 5677: 5676: 5671: 5664: 5662: 5660: 5658: 5656: 5654: 5652: 5650: 5648: 5632: 5625: 5617: 5605: 5601: 5600: 5595: 5588: 5581: 5577: 5571: 5564: 5560: 5554: 5548: 5547:Graham (1996) 5543: 5534: 5519: 5515: 5508: 5499: 5490: 5483: 5477: 5458: 5451: 5445: 5438: 5433: 5431: 5423: 5418: 5410: 5404: 5400: 5393: 5391: 5374: 5370: 5364: 5348: 5344: 5337: 5330: 5325: 5309: 5305: 5301: 5294: 5286: 5280: 5276: 5269: 5254: 5250: 5244: 5236: 5230: 5226: 5219: 5212: 5211: 5205: 5196: 5189: 5186: 5181: 5179: 5177: 5160: 5156: 5150: 5143: 5138: 5132:, p. 563 5131: 5126: 5119: 5114: 5112: 5110: 5108: 5088: 5081: 5080: 5072: 5064: 5060: 5054: 5046: 5042: 5036: 5028: 5024: 5018: 5010: 5006: 5000: 4992: 4988: 4982: 4974: 4970: 4964: 4956: 4952: 4946: 4939: 4936: 4931: 4924: 4918: 4912:, p. 233 4911: 4906: 4899: 4898:Graham (1996) 4894: 4885: 4879:, p. 110 4878: 4877:Graham (2013) 4873: 4857: 4853: 4846: 4839: 4838:Graham (1996) 4834: 4826: 4825: 4817: 4810: 4809:0 7106 0426 2 4806: 4800: 4791: 4782: 4775: 4770: 4761: 4754: 4749: 4743: 4738: 4731: 4726: 4717: 4710: 4705: 4698: 4693: 4686: 4681: 4666: 4665:www.sr-71.org 4662: 4656: 4650:, p. 221 4649: 4644: 4628: 4624: 4618: 4611: 4606: 4599: 4594: 4587: 4582: 4573: 4564: 4558: 4553: 4546: 4541: 4532: 4525: 4520: 4511: 4509: 4507: 4500:, pp.165, 166 4499: 4494: 4487: 4482: 4475: 4470: 4461: 4452: 4443: 4436: 4431: 4425: 4420: 4413: 4408: 4401: 4396: 4389: 4384: 4375: 4368: 4363: 4354: 4345: 4338: 4335: 4329: 4322: 4321:Graham (1996) 4317: 4309: 4305: 4301: 4295: 4293: 4276: 4269: 4267: 4257: 4241: 4237: 4233: 4227: 4220: 4219:Graham (1996) 4215: 4200: 4196: 4189: 4183:, p. 160 4182: 4181:Graham (1996) 4177: 4170: 4169:Graham (1996) 4165: 4158: 4153: 4147:, p. 203 4146: 4141: 4134: 4129: 4123: 4122:Merlin (2009) 4118: 4111: 4107: 4104: 4099: 4097: 4090: 4089:Graham (1996) 4085: 4078: 4073: 4067: 4066:Graham (1996) 4062: 4055: 4051: 4049: 4045: 4040: 4033: 4032:Merlin (2005) 4028: 4021: 4016: 4010: 4005: 3998: 3997:Merlin (2005) 3993: 3986: 3981: 3973: 3972: 3965: 3963: 3961: 3953: 3948: 3941: 3936: 3934: 3917: 3913: 3907: 3899: 3893: 3889: 3882: 3866: 3862: 3861: 3853: 3851: 3843: 3838: 3831: 3826: 3819: 3816: 3811: 3809: 3807: 3805: 3798:, p. 159 3797: 3792: 3785: 3780: 3772: 3765: 3758: 3753: 3751: 3749: 3741: 3736: 3734: 3732: 3730: 3728: 3718: 3716: 3700: 3699: 3694: 3687: 3685: 3668: 3664: 3663: 3658: 3651: 3636: 3632: 3625: 3606: 3602: 3601: 3593: 3586: 3571: 3570: 3565: 3559: 3552: 3547: 3545: 3540: 3525: 3516: 3509: 3503: 3496: 3492: 3486: 3479: 3473: 3466: 3461: 3454: 3448: 3441: 3437: 3431: 3427: 3412: 3409: 3407: 3404: 3402: 3399: 3398: 3397: 3396: 3395:Related lists 3390: 3387: 3385: 3382: 3380: 3377: 3375: 3372: 3370: 3367: 3366: 3365: 3364: 3358: 3355: 3351: 3350:Lockheed M-21 3348: 3347: 3346: 3345:Lockheed A-12 3343: 3342: 3341: 3340: 3334: 3331: 3329: 3326: 3324: 3321: 3315: 3312: 3311: 3307: 3296: 3293: 3282: 3268: 3265: 3262: 3259: 3256: 3253: 3250: 3247: 3244: 3241: 3238: 3235: 3234: 3233: 3232: 3228: 3225: 3222: 3221: 3220: 3219: 3218: 3214: 3206: 3204: 3203:Thrust/weight 3200: 3197: 3196:Wing loading: 3194: 3191: 3188: 3185: 3182: 3179: 3176: 3173: 3170: 3167: 3164: 3163: 3162: 3160: 3146: 3143: 3140: 3137: 3136: 3135: 3134: 3133: 3132: 3131: 3130: 3125: 3121: 3118: 3115: 3112: 3109: 3106: 3103: 3102:Gross weight: 3100: 3097: 3096:Empty weight: 3094: 3091: 3089: 3085: 3082: 3079: 3076: 3073: 3070: 3067: 3063: 3060: 3057: 3054: 3051: 3048: 3045: 3042: 3041: 3040: 3038: 3033: 3031: 3023: 3015: 3007: 2998: 2996: 2992: 2987: 2985: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2964: 2961: 2957: 2954:, California 2953: 2949: 2946: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2928: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2916:Playboy bunny 2913: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2895: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2879: 2876: 2873: 2869: 2866: 2862: 2858: 2854: 2851: 2848: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2833: 2829: 2826: 2822: 2818: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2796: 2792: 2789: 2785: 2782: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2768: 2764: 2760: 2757: 2753: 2750: 2746: 2743: 2740: 2736: 2733: 2729: 2726: 2723: 2719: 2715: 2712: 2708: 2704: 2701: 2697: 2694: 2690: 2687: 2684: 2680: 2677: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2652: 2649: 2645: 2642: 2638: 2635: 2632: 2628: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2614: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2596: 2593: 2589: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2575: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2561: 2557: 2554:(ex-NASA831) 2553: 2549: 2546: 2543: 2539: 2536:, California 2535: 2531: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2472:(adjacent to 2471: 2468: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2454: 2450: 2439: 2433: 2428: 2423: 2416: 2411: 2403: 2391: 2388: 2387: 2386: 2384: 2383: 2375: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2365: 2362: 2359: 2354: 2350: 2347: 2343: 2340: 2337: 2334: 2331: 2330: 2329: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2317: 2316: 2313: 2310: 2305: 2302: 2301: 2300: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2288: 2287: 2284: 2281: 2280: 2279: 2278: 2277: 2270:United States 2261: 2260: 2250: 2247: 2244: 2241: 2238: 2235: 2234: 2231: 2226: 2217: 2215: 2211: 2206: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2190: 2179: 2167: 2162: 2153: 2152: 2143: 2138: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2112: 2109: 2106: 2102: 2099: 2096: 2095: 2094: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2058: 2057:Harmon Trophy 2054: 2053:Mackay Trophy 2049: 2047: 2043: 2037: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2009: 1997: 1994: 1991: 1988: 1984: 1981: 1977: 1974: 1973: 1964: 1961: 1958: 1955: 1952:August 1980: 1951: 1948: 1945: 1941: 1938: 1937: 1928: 1924: 1921: 1918: 1915: 1911: 1908: 1904: 1901: 1898: 1894: 1891: 1887: 1884: 1881: 1878: 1875: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1861: 1860: 1849: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1806: 1804: 1800: 1794: 1792: 1786: 1783: 1779: 1774: 1771: 1767: 1758: 1750: 1743: 1741: 1737: 1726: 1722: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1702: 1700: 1695: 1692: 1686: 1684: 1681: 1675: 1671: 1669: 1658: 1655: 1650: 1641: 1637: 1632: 1628: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1578: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1542:15th Air Army 1539: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1457: 1453: 1448: 1444: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1424: 1422: 1417: 1410: 1407: 1404: 1401: 1398: 1395: 1394: 1393: 1390: 1388: 1384: 1376: 1371: 1367: 1364: 1359: 1357: 1351: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1323: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1290: 1286: 1283: 1277: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1257: 1250: 1245: 1236: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1224: 1219: 1214: 1211: 1207: 1202: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1182: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1155: 1146: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1130: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1098: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1071: 1069: 1064: 1061: 1055: 1053: 1050:(TEB), which 1049: 1045: 1039: 1035: 1030: 1023: 1018: 1009: 1005: 996: 987: 978: 974: 970: 963: 960: 957: 953: 950: 949: 948: 939: 930: 921: 916: 906: 904: 900: 894: 890: 883: 878: 869: 860: 851: 848: 843: 838: 834: 830: 826: 822: 819: 815: 800: 791: 782: 773: 771: 767: 763: 759: 755: 751: 747: 743: 739: 734: 730: 726: 722: 717: 715: 709: 707: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 682:Lockheed A-12 679: 671: 667: 657: 654: 648: 639: 637: 636:B.F. Goodrich 629: 625: 620: 616: 612: 609: 605: 600: 598: 594: 589: 587: 586:Ford Trimotor 578: 574: 573:Lockheed M-21 569: 565: 563: 559: 555: 551: 548: 543: 533: 531: 526: 522: 517: 512: 510: 506: 497: 483: 480: 475: 472: 467: 463: 459: 455: 454:1964 campaign 450: 448: 444: 440: 436: 432: 426: 424: 420: 413: 408: 399: 397: 393: 389: 385: 381: 376: 374: 370: 366: 362: 361:Kelly Johnson 358: 354: 350: 344: 343:Lockheed A-12 329: 327: 323: 318: 316: 312: 308: 303: 299: 297: 293: 289: 285: 281: 276: 274: 270: 265: 263: 259: 258:Lockheed A-12 255: 250: 248: 244: 243:Lockheed A-12 240: 236: 232: 231:black project 227: 225: 221: 217: 213: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 185: 184:Lockheed A-12 182: 178: 171: 168: 167: 165: 161: 157: 153: 149: 145: 140: 136: 132: 128:(historical) 127: 122: 119: 117:Primary users 115: 111: 107: 102: 98: 94: 90: 87: 84: 82: 78: 75:United States 74: 70: 67: 64: 61: 57: 52: 48: 43: 39: 34: 29: 26: 22: 12816:YF-113 (III) 12805:YF-113 (II) 12608: 11418: 11400: 11086: 10653:Heavy bomber 10551:Light bomber 10479:Not assigned 9127:Star Clipper 9095:Experimental 8922:Other crewed 8888:PV-2 Harpoon 8883:PV-1 Ventura 8846: 8227: 8181: 8165: 8150:the original 8143: 8126: 8096: 8087: 8080: 8066:. Retrieved 8057: 8044:. Retrieved 8023: 8006: 7991: 7990:Grant, R.G. 7965: 7946: 7925: 7906: 7899: 7879: 7870: 7869: 7854: 7840:Mach 1, Inc. 7835: 7816: 7798: 7782: 7760: 7743: 7737: 7706: 7694:. Retrieved 7687:the original 7682: 7676: 7640: 7618: 7599: 7581: 7552: 7531: 7515: 7496: 7476: 7465: 7459: 7448: 7438:– via 7425: 7417:Bibliography 7403: 7391: 7383: 7376: 7368: 7354: 7344:16 September 7342:. Retrieved 7332: 7320:. Retrieved 7316: 7306: 7296:16 September 7294:. Retrieved 7290: 7281: 7269:. Retrieved 7265: 7256: 7246:16 September 7244:. Retrieved 7240: 7231: 7221:16 September 7219:. Retrieved 7209: 7196:. Retrieved 7192:the original 7187: 7178: 7166:. Retrieved 7161: 7151: 7141:16 September 7139:. Retrieved 7135:the original 7125: 7115:16 September 7113:. Retrieved 7103: 7093:16 September 7091:. Retrieved 7087:the original 7077: 7067:16 September 7065:. Retrieved 7055: 7045:16 September 7043:. Retrieved 7032: 7022:16 September 7020:. Retrieved 7010: 7000:16 September 6998:. 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Retrieved 6215: 6203: 6192: 6181: 6176:Jenkins 2001 6158: 6147: 6136: 6128: 6107: 6090:, p. 81 6083: 6071: 6059: 6047: 6036: 6025: 6016: 6005: 5994: 5982: 5973: 5966:. Retrieved 5958:US Air Force 5928:. Retrieved 5922: 5915: 5907: 5900:. Retrieved 5896:the original 5891: 5882: 5873: 5856: 5850: 5833: 5827: 5802: 5796: 5787: 5780:. Retrieved 5765: 5755: 5746: 5739:. Retrieved 5730: 5695: 5690:– via 5684:. Retrieved 5680:the original 5673: 5634:. Retrieved 5624: 5614:– via 5610:11 September 5608:. Retrieved 5604:the original 5597: 5587: 5579: 5576:SR 71 Flight 5570: 5562: 5559:SR 71 Flight 5553: 5542: 5533: 5521:. Retrieved 5517: 5507: 5498: 5489: 5481: 5476: 5464:. Retrieved 5457:the original 5444: 5424:, p. 59 5417: 5398: 5377:. Retrieved 5372: 5363: 5351:. Retrieved 5346: 5336: 5324: 5312:. Retrieved 5308:the original 5303: 5293: 5274: 5268: 5256:. Retrieved 5252: 5243: 5227:. Springer. 5224: 5218: 5208: 5204: 5195: 5187: 5163:. Retrieved 5158: 5149: 5144:, p. 77 5137: 5125: 5120:, p. 74 5094:. Retrieved 5087:the original 5078: 5071: 5062: 5053: 5044: 5035: 5026: 5017: 5008: 4999: 4990: 4981: 4972: 4963: 4954: 4945: 4937: 4930: 4917: 4905: 4893: 4884: 4872: 4862:17 September 4860:. Retrieved 4855: 4845: 4840:, p. 46 4833: 4823: 4816: 4799: 4790: 4781: 4769: 4760: 4748: 4737: 4725: 4716: 4704: 4692: 4687:, p. 83 4680: 4668:. Retrieved 4664: 4655: 4643: 4631:. Retrieved 4627:the original 4617: 4612:, p. 97 4605: 4593: 4581: 4572: 4563: 4552: 4540: 4531: 4519: 4493: 4481: 4469: 4460: 4451: 4442: 4430: 4419: 4407: 4395: 4387: 4383: 4374: 4366: 4362: 4353: 4344: 4336: 4328: 4323:, p. 75 4316: 4308:the original 4303: 4279:. Retrieved 4256: 4244:. Retrieved 4240:the original 4236:Dutchops.com 4235: 4226: 4221:, p. 41 4214: 4202:. Retrieved 4198: 4188: 4176: 4171:, p. 47 4164: 4152: 4140: 4128: 4117: 4105: 4084: 4072: 4061: 4046: 4039: 4027: 4022:, p. 47 4015: 4004: 3992: 3980: 3970: 3954:, p. 29 3947: 3920:. Retrieved 3916:the original 3906: 3887: 3881: 3869:. Retrieved 3865:the original 3859: 3844:, p. 31 3837: 3832:, p. 85 3825: 3817: 3791: 3786:, p. 78 3779: 3764: 3702:. Retrieved 3696: 3671:. Retrieved 3667:the original 3660: 3650: 3638:. Retrieved 3634: 3624: 3612:. Retrieved 3605:the original 3598: 3585: 3573:. Retrieved 3567: 3558: 3553:, p. 64 3524: 3515: 3502: 3491:Soviet Union 3485: 3472: 3460: 3447: 3430: 3394: 3393: 3362: 3361: 3338: 3337: 3212: 3210: 3201: 3195: 3189: 3183: 3178:Ferry range: 3177: 3171: 3165: 3158: 3156: 3144: 3138: 3119: 3113: 3107: 3101: 3095: 3088:Aspect ratio 3086: 3080: 3074: 3069:Wheel track: 3068: 3061: 3055: 3049: 3043: 3036: 3034: 3029: 3028: 2988: 2983: 2981: 2886:Dayton, Ohio 2431: 2417:, California 2380: 2379: 2325:, California 2296:, California 2274: 2273: 2248: 2242: 2236: 2207: 2192: 2173: 2165: 2140: 2122: 2116: 2072: 2050: 2038: 2029: 2014: 1982:, California 1871:Lockheed U-2 1865:1 May 1960: 1832: 1816:Bill Clinton 1812: 1795: 1787: 1775: 1763: 1733: 1729:Reactivation 1723: 1703: 1696: 1687: 1676: 1672: 1664: 1645: 1640:US Air Medal 1605:missile lock 1579: 1535: 1463: 1461: 1456:East Germany 1430: 1418: 1414: 1391: 1380: 1360: 1352: 1348:Dayton, Ohio 1324: 1301: 1287: 1278: 1262: 1247:SR-71 pilot 1239:Life support 1221: 1215: 1203: 1183: 1160: 1135:star tracker 1131: 1117:errors with 1105:Nortronics, 1104: 1073:Specialized 1072: 1065: 1056: 1042: 1006: 1002: 975: 971: 967: 945: 895: 891: 887: 842:standard day 839: 835: 831: 827: 823: 811: 772:foreplanes. 718: 710: 675: 650: 645: 633: 613: 601: 590: 582: 539: 513: 502: 476: 471:Curtis LeMay 466:Soviet Union 451: 427: 416: 377: 369:1960 downing 346: 319: 304: 300: 277: 266: 251: 247:Curtis LeMay 228: 196: 192: 190: 155:First flight 150:January 1966 134:Number built 123:(historical) 81:Manufacturer 25: 12883:See also: " 12409:AFTI/F-111A 12221:F-86D/G/K/L 11642:Curtiss P-4 11610:(1924–1962) 11600:Tri-Service 11389:(1960–1962) 11264:(1930–1962) 11098:(1935–1936) 10685:(1930–1962) 10544:(1924–1930) 10534:Tri-Service 9122:Senior Prom 9059:Helicopters 8980:Desert Hawk 8768:Other types 8570:Other types 8376:18 Lodestar 8286:Vega family 8103:McGraw-Hill 7821:Gallery One 7396:Pace (2004) 6620:Pace (2004) 6610:, p. 4 6363:vam.smv.org 6314:www.fai.org 6222:5 September 5930:15 December 5892:Kundservice 5855:"Mach 25". 5832:"Mach 14". 5275:Sled Driver 4159:, p. 5 4034:, p. 6 3796:Pace (2004) 3757:Pace (2004) 3640:28 December 3493:during the 3369:Bristol 188 3314:Henry Combs 3159:Performance 3120:Powerplant: 2974:Ogden, Utah 2934:San Antonio 2637:Cosmosphere 2415:Edwards AFB 2294:Edwards AFB 2018:zoom climbs 1980:Edwards AFB 1934:1970s–1980s 1857:1950s–1960s 1782:Robert Byrd 1766:North Korea 1691:Dick Cheney 1520:reconnoitre 1435:and up the 1421:D.B. Cooper 1123:SM-62 Snark 733:delta wings 670:Water vapor 452:During the 437:sensors, a 412:Skunk Works 332:Development 282:launch was 235:Skunk Works 97:Skunk Works 12902:Categories 12794:YF-113 (I) 11647:Boeing P-4 9269:Trident II 9239:High Virgo 9203:Big Dipper 9117:Senior Peg 9020:X-44 (UAV) 8913:P-7 LRAACA 8898:S-3 Viking 8759:X-44 MANTA 8386:43 Harpoon 8381:37 Ventura 8369:414 Hudson 8354:10 Electra 8318:7 Explorer 8303:4 Explorer 8279:Transports 8101:New York: 7497:Black Jets 7168:19 October 6823:airzoo.org 6672:29 October 6642:29 October 6593:24 January 6514:6 December 6487:1 November 6456:1 November 5408:0929823125 5379:16 January 5258:29 October 4337:archive.is 4204:16 January 3417:References 3389:Tsybin RSR 3081:Wing area: 3075:Wheelbase: 2604:, Florida 2176:April 2024 2127:John Glenn 2105:East Coast 2101:West Coast 2046:Boeing 747 2026:Brian Shul 1680:B-2 Spirit 1670:politics. 1586:Norrköping 1476:Baltic Sea 1312:Brian Shul 1249:Brian Shul 1121:, for the 1095:subliminal 847:Brian Shul 628:Robins AFB 509:camouflage 337:Background 201:long-range 172:NASA: 1999 103:(Designer) 12833:YF-114C/D 12809:YF-113B/D 12782:YF-110B/D 12680:F/A-18E/F 9264:Trident I 9249:Ping-Pong 9102:Have Blue 8903:P-3 Orion 8587:Excalibur 8338:DL.1 Vega 7752:0143-5450 7729:190761298 7287:"61-7979" 7237:"61-7977" 6991:"61-7963" 6878:26 August 6844:"61-7956" 6755:(Video). 6725:"61-7951" 6341:sr-71.org 6216:NASAFacts 5954:Stockholm 5902:7 October 5865:0280-8498 5842:0280-8498 5819:0345-3413 5807:Stockholm 5741:9 October 5701:milk runs 5636:7 October 5353:29 August 5063:Sr-71.org 5045:Sr-71.org 5027:Sr-71.org 5009:Sr-71.org 4991:Sr-71.org 4973:Sr-71.org 4938:sr-71.org 4858:. Air Zoo 4670:21 August 3922:2 October 3536:Citations 3422:Footnotes 3145:JT11D-20K 3139:JT11D-20J 3056:Wingspan: 3030:Data from 2861:March AFB 2341:1966–1971 2335:1966–1990 2323:Beale AFB 2257:Operators 2147:Successor 1954:Honeywell 1914:Kadena AB 1897:Beale AFB 1699:data link 1649:Västervik 1582:Ängelholm 1566:stationed 1544:dispatch 1387:pit viper 1175:Fairchild 1165:systems; 1139:ephemeris 882:Schlieren 558:corrosive 294:sensors, 220:Blackbird 209:strategic 207: 3+ 197:Blackbird 95:Lockheed 63:Strategic 12963:Twinjets 9937:400 (II) 9817:282 (II) 9259:Poseidon 9227:Missiles 9208:Explorer 9033:Trainers 8323:8 Sirius 8267:Lockheed 8034:(AIAA). 7823:, 1994. 7713:(AIAA). 7696:23 March 7661:60250245 7625:, 1985. 7606:, 2001. 7573:34319406 7503:, 2003. 7362:Archived 7291:habu.org 7271:24 March 7241:habu.org 6995:habu.org 6915:Exhibits 6873:habu.org 6848:habu.org 6799:Archived 6729:habu.org 6708:Archived 6510:. Penton 6356:Archived 6320:11 April 5962:Archived 5776:Archived 5735:Archived 5692:nb:Side3 5616:nb:Side3 5373:Habu.org 5096:19 March 4811:, p. 203 4388:AirPower 4367:AirPower 4112:in 2014. 4110:Archived 4054:Archived 3871:13 April 3575:14 March 3495:Cold War 3278:See also 3213:Avionics 3174:Mach 3.3 2959:61-7981 2941:61-7980 2936:, Texas 2923:61-7979 2908:61-7978 2893:61-7977 2871:61-7976 2859:(former 2846:61-7975 2831:61-7974 2813:61-7973 2794:61-7972 2777:61-7971 2766:61-7970 2755:61-7969 2738:61-7968 2721:61-7967 2710:61-7966 2699:61-7965 2682:61-7964 2665:61-7963 2647:61-7962 2630:61-7961 2609:61-7960 2591:61-7959 2570:61-7958 2559:61-7957 2541:61-7956 2526:61-7955 2515:61-7954 2504:61-7953 2489:61-7952 2463:61-7951 2452:61-7950 2220:Variants 2075:Plant 42 2042:Concorde 1906:airspace 1852:Timeline 1745:— 1709:for the 1668:Pentagon 1642:in 2018. 1634:Swedish 1601:avionics 1538:scramble 1470:and the 1304:Plant 42 1298:Main era 1273:ejection 1169:(SLAR); 721:vortices 606:and was 542:titanium 491:Overview 357:Lockheed 284:detected 92:Designer 12848:YF-117D 12843:YF-117A 12839:YF-117 12821:YF-113C 12799:YF-113A 12787:YF-110C 12414:EF-111A 12342:NF-104A 12194:F-84F/J 11256:systems 10536:systems 9932:400 (I) 9812:282 (I) 9297:numbers 9285:J37/T35 9278:Engines 9254:Polaris 9244:Perseus 9000:Polecat 8995:MQM-105 8965:Aequare 8728:CL-1200 8718:NF-104A 8592:JetStar 8498:EC-130H 8333:9 Orion 8068:23 June 8046:23 June 7501:AIRtime 7061:"Speed" 6275:Wvi.com 5675:Vi Menn 5599:Vi Menn 5466:16 July 5347:YouTube 5165:24 July 4955:YouTube 4856:YouTube 4633:9 March 4304:Cia.gov 3614:23 June 3478:Foxbats 3062:Height: 3050:Length: 2884:, near 2548:Air Zoo 2385:(NASA) 2230:Air Zoo 2166:updated 2003:Records 1778:RC-135s 1711:US Navy 1625:Gotland 1617:lock-on 1590:Ronneby 1562:Estonia 1558:MiG-23s 1554:MiG-21s 1531:Viggens 1512:Swedish 1492:Finland 1490:, with 1486:to the 1468:Jutland 1452:Denmark 1079:flutter 1075:KC-135Q 899:unstart 731:of the 575:with a 562:cadmium 547:polymer 525:delta-v 380:Area 51 222:" and " 163:Retired 142:History 112:Retired 12855:YF-118 12828:YF-114 12777:YF-110 12685:EA-18G 12675:F/A-18 12663:NF-16D 12658:F-16XL 12636:F-15EX 12587:F-9F–J 12548:F-4K/M 12526:F-1E/F 12521:F-1C/D 12404:F-111K 12399:F-111C 12394:F-111B 12357:XF-106 12353:F-106 12337:F-104S 12332:XF-104 12315:F-102B 12298:F-100B 12157:RF-61C 11531:RB-57F 11526:RB-57D 11485:RF-104 11480:RF-101 11187:FB-111 11015:RB-57F 11010:RB-57D 10884:NB-36H 9066:CL-475 9010:RQ-170 8970:AQM-60 8929:CL-400 8878:Hudson 8723:CL-288 8708:XF-104 8614:Saturn 8609:L-2000 8556:CP-140 8520:WC-130 8515:MC-130 8510:LC-130 8505:KC-130 8493:EC-130 8488:HC-130 8483:DC-130 8478:AC-130 8473:C-130J 8447:EC-121 8427:L-1249 8422:L-1049 8308:5 Vega 8109: 8013: 7998: 7983: 7972: 7954: 7933: 7915: 7888: 7861: 7846: 7842:1993. 7827: 7805: 7789: 7771: 7750: 7727: 7717: 7659: 7649: 7629: 7610: 7588: 7571: 7561: 7538: 7522: 7507: 7485: 6556:16 May 6426: 6218:. NASA 5863: 5840: 5817: 5782:30 May 5686:12 May 5523:29 May 5405: 5314:6 July 5281: 5231: 4807: 4246:26 May 3894: 3704:6 July 3673:6 July 2962:SR-71C 2944:SR-71A 2926:SR-71A 2911:SR-71A 2896:SR-71A 2874:SR-71A 2849:SR-71A 2834:SR-71A 2816:SR-71A 2797:SR-71A 2780:SR-71A 2769:SR-71A 2758:SR-71A 2741:SR-71A 2724:SR-71A 2713:SR-71A 2702:SR-71A 2685:SR-71A 2668:SR-71A 2650:SR-71A 2633:SR-71A 2612:SR-71A 2594:SR-71A 2573:SR-71A 2562:SR-71B 2544:SR-71B 2529:SR-71A 2518:SR-71A 2507:SR-71A 2492:SR-71A 2466:SR-71A 2455:SR-71A 2444:Model 2268: 2249:SR-71C 2243:SR-71B 2237:SR-71A 2195:Aurora 1927:Taiwan 1740:Bosnia 1636:Viggen 1552:, and 1550:Latvia 1546:Su-15s 1528:direct 1504:Scania 1363:sortie 1335:sortie 1228:jammer 880:Fig.6 770:canard 764:, and 762:MiG-29 758:F/A-18 706:Cesium 694:chines 653:rutile 604:quartz 486:Design 431:chines 239:bomber 109:Status 12871:FV-12 12757:F-117 12745:F-35I 12717:FB-22 12712:YF-22 12641:F-15J 12631:F-15E 12609:F-12C 12489:P-400 12484:P-322 12389:F-111 12384:F-110 12379:F-109 12374:F-108 12369:F-107 12362:F-106 12349:F-105 12327:F-104 12322:F-103 12310:F-102 12305:F-101 12293:F-100 12216:F-86C 12199:F-84H 11934:XP-59 11930:P-59 11829:P-39E 11592:USAAF 11588:USAAC 11584:USAAS 11538:RB-66 11521:RB-57 11516:RB-52 11511:RB-47 11506:RB-29 11501:RB-17 11475:RF-80 11424:SR-72 11419:SR-71 11401:RS-71 11396:RS-70 11196:Other 11182:FB-22 11115:BLR-3 11110:BLR-2 11105:BLR-1 10968:B-50C 10946:B-47C 10879:B-36G 10837:B-29D 10623:LB-14 10618:LB-13 10613:LB-12 10608:LB-11 10603:LB-10 10526:USAAF 10522:USAAC 10518:USAAS 10410:27–32 10345:12–14 9295:Model 9234:Agena 9213:L-402 9152:X-26B 9147:X-24C 9132:XC-35 9112:L-301 9107:L-133 9071:XH-51 9050:T-50A 9015:SR-72 8852:YF-12 8815:YP-24 8810:XF-90 8805:XFM-2 8800:F-117 8775:A-4AR 8754:FB-22 8744:YF-22 8713:F-104 8661:XP-58 8656:XP-49 8582:C-141 8541:L-188 8525:L-100 8468:C-130 8452:XB-30 8442:C-121 8417:L-749 8412:L-649 8407:L-049 8214:(PDF) 8153:(PDF) 8140:(PDF) 8062:(PDF) 8028:(PDF) 7690:(PDF) 7673:(PDF) 7322:4 May 7198:5 May 6212:(PDF) 5968:7 May 5460:(PDF) 5453:(PDF) 5090:(PDF) 5083:(PDF) 4281:4 May 4277:. 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