251:
581:
31:
84:
601:
671:
2779:
59:
1889:
2767:
687:
At the time it was described, the species was common on the western side of the South Island and in
Marlborough. Then a regular trade in skins sprang up and large numbers were collected for European museums. Further, with the advance of European settlement, birds were killed by prospectors and others
678:
They nest in an excavated burrow, dug by both birds and sometimes lined with plant material. Eggs are laid from July to
January. The clutch size is one to two eggs (15% have 2), which are incubated by the male for 63–76 days. Chicks stay in the nest for 2–3 weeks after hatching and require feeding
661:
make up the largest percentage of the bird's diet. Using its sharp talons and long beak, it digs into the ground and then shoves its long beak down the softened ground. As they cannot fly to get to insects or food on trees and their eyesight is very poor, they depend on a keen sense of smell, long
723:, however it is now restricted to several off-shore island reserves (mainly Kapiti Island) which are mostly free of introduced predators. The little spotted kiwi's conservation status is listed as "range restricted" (by 'Save the Kiwi'), with a growing population. Formerly classified as "
662:
beak and talons. They are nocturnal. Little spotted kiwi call occasionally each night to advertise territory and to maintain contact with partners. Often pairs will duet. They are very territorial, and fight conspecifics with their sharp claws, resulting in many feathers on the ground.
464:. The little spotted kiwi was on the brink of extinction when a conservation effort took place 100 years ago. Five individuals were translocated from the South Island of New Zealand to Kapiti Island. Today, the Kapiti Island population has grown, with around 1200 birds.
516:
and sent to
England. The locality is not recorded but it probably came from Nelson or Marlborough. In 1873, Henry Potts published an account of its habitats, and about this time specimens were collected in South Westland and sent to England.
525:
The little spotted kiwi has a length of 35 to 45 cm (14–18 in) and the weight of the male is 0.88 to 1.36 kg (1 lb 15 oz – 3 lb 0 oz) and the female weighs 1 to 1.95 kg
679:
for 4 weeks. Little spotted kiwi eggs are the largest egg relative to the size of the bird. Its egg accounts for 26 percent of its own weight—the equivalent of a human giving birth to a six-year-old child.
637:, and older forest habitats. Lower numbers are found in rough grassland and scrub, indicating that either they prefer other habitats or they simply need a larger territory to support themselves in these areas.
716:. This was the first time since the 19th century that little spotted kiwis could be found on the mainland of the North Island. In 2015, 20 kiwis were translocated from Kapiti Island to Anchor Island.
460:. It is endemic to New Zealand, and in pre-European times occurred in both main islands, but is now restricted to a number of small offshore islands, and mainland reserves protected by
731:, it was suspected to be more numerous than generally assumed. Following the evaluation of its population size, this was found to be correct, and it was consequently downlisted to "
688:
for food and their attendant dogs and cats took their toll. The species was extinct on the North Island by 1938 when the last four South Island birds were moved from
1363:
741:), is important to its increasing numbers. It has an occurrence range of 31 km (12 sq mi), and a population of 1600 was estimated in the year 2012.
1243:"Co-extinct and critically co-endangered species of parasitic lice, and conservation-induced extinction: should lice be reintroduced to their hosts?"
554: lb), making it the smallest species of kiwi. Their feathers are pale-mottled grey, with fine white mottling, and are shaggy looking. They lack
2982:
1152:
Folch, A.; Jutglar, F.; Garcia, E.F.J. (2018). del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi; Christie, David A.; de Juana, Eduardo (eds.).
3121:
1497:
580:
3021:
555:
2956:
719:
As the smallest species of kiwi, the little spotted kiwi would be very vulnerable to the main kiwi predators like cats, dogs, and
2995:
1343:
1066:"Genetic consequences of a century of protection: serial founder events and survival of the little spotted kiwi (Apteryx owenii)"
692:
to the population that had been established on Kapiti Island. After they were released on Kapiti Island, they were also moved to
3136:
2860:
1131:
645:
Little spotted kiwis eat grubs and other small insects that are found underground, and occasionally eat berries. Earthworms,
3000:
1371:
709:
1490:
3141:
1419:
1400:
689:
1453:
3131:
2649:
2372:
497:
239:
735:" status in 2008 as, although not rare, its small range puts it at risk. The lack of predators, apart from weka (
3026:
618:
505:
became extinct in the late 19th century; its status as a subspecies is not universally accepted as valid though.
2600:
2595:
2590:
1039:
846:
1483:
1040:"Checklist of the birds of New Zealand, Norfolk and Macquarie Islands, and the Ross Dependency, Antarctica"
600:
2894:
894:
2899:
2757:
2720:
1794:
1429:
1201:
965:
442:
family, Apterygidae. It is the smallest of the five kiwi species, at about 0.9 to 1.9 kg (2–
3046:
2873:
2561:
713:
83:
2833:
2679:
2573:
2140:
2128:
814:
705:
2193:
2181:
1929:
1412:
Latin Names
Explained. A Guide to the Scientific Classifications of Reptiles, Birds & Mammals
1154:
766:
701:
697:
3085:
2987:
2881:
2795:
2453:
2104:
1835:
39:
3013:
2691:
2099:
2094:
1982:
3080:
2732:
2556:
2551:
2441:
2285:
2157:
2116:
1758:
737:
720:
188:
3072:
3036:
2943:
2886:
2842:
2382:
2067:
1695:
1594:
1522:
1506:
1315:
654:
591:
461:
8:
2512:
2500:
1965:
1953:
1618:
489:
48:
942:
2847:
2783:
2659:
2654:
2475:
2426:
2416:
2031:
1905:
1847:
1712:
1707:
1666:
1606:
1310:
1175:
1090:
1065:
1024:
798:
724:
693:
321:
78:
1888:
3067:
2917:
2703:
2674:
2664:
2637:
2610:
2524:
2268:
2229:
1987:
1729:
1717:
1683:
1654:
1642:
1582:
1534:
1415:
1396:
1179:
1127:
1095:
513:
1008:
476:
and belongs to the
Apterygiformes order, and the Apterygidae family. The genus name
250:
3126:
2737:
2708:
2627:
2541:
2297:
2280:
1859:
1570:
1257:
1167:
1085:
1077:
1020:
960:
830:
485:
457:
2922:
2909:
3054:
2632:
2605:
2246:
2169:
1746:
732:
634:
587:
63:
3098:
2463:
2343:
2314:
2302:
2004:
1770:
862:
30:
1977:
1262:
3115:
3008:
2818:
2436:
2431:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2338:
951:
878:
782:
630:
135:
68:
2771:
2615:
2458:
2326:
2205:
2079:
1941:
1806:
1630:
1171:
1099:
1081:
502:
670:
3059:
2969:
2827:
2421:
2256:
2043:
1395:(2nd ed.). Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group. pp. 89–90, 92–93.
1277:
439:
165:
155:
145:
3093:
2961:
2669:
2217:
2145:
1558:
1475:
1242:
646:
509:
204:
611:
The little spotted kiwi had an obligate louse that parasitized on it,
2974:
2355:
2084:
2055:
1782:
612:
571:
563:
95:
2935:
2789:
1741:
1678:
2812:
2578:
1830:
650:
115:
621:, all lice were killed while ensuring captive kiwis for survival.
2868:
1871:
658:
559:
2948:
2855:
1818:
1546:
473:
105:
1387:
Davies, S.J.J.F. (2003). "Kiwis". In
Hutchins, Michael (ed.).
936:
934:
653:
larvae, and spiders are their most common foods. Fruit of the
2930:
712:. In 2000, about 20 little spotted kiwis were released into
2536:
1999:
931:
728:
567:
125:
2546:
2089:
574:. Their bill is ivory and long and their legs are pale.
1361:
1341:
508:
The little spotted kiwi was first described in 1847 by
1451:
940:
2755:
1344:"Little Spotted Kiwi – BirdLife Species Factsheet"
1305:
1303:
1301:
1153:
1151:
966:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22678129A92756395.en
3113:
1335:
1298:
1013:Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London
480:means 'without wings' and the species is named
1491:
1115:
2741:
2724:
2712:
2695:
2683:
2641:
2619:
2582:
2565:
2528:
2516:
2504:
2479:
2467:
2445:
2408:
2386:
2359:
2347:
2330:
2318:
2306:
2289:
2272:
2260:
2233:
2221:
2209:
2197:
2185:
2173:
2161:
2149:
2132:
2120:
2108:
2071:
2059:
2047:
2035:
2008:
1991:
1969:
1957:
1945:
1933:
1921:
1909:
1875:
1863:
1851:
1839:
1822:
1810:
1798:
1786:
1774:
1762:
1750:
1733:
1721:
1699:
1687:
1670:
1658:
1646:
1634:
1622:
1610:
1598:
1586:
1574:
1562:
1550:
1538:
1526:
1193:
1126:. London: A & C Black. pp. 23–24.
1121:
624:
1498:
1484:
249:
57:
29:
1261:
1234:
1089:
964:
258:The distribution of little spotted kiwi.
1505:
1241:Rózsa, Lajos; Vas, Zoltán (2014-08-22).
1240:
1199:
1164:Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive
993:
991:
989:
987:
985:
983:
669:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1063:
406:(Gould 1847) Iredale & Mathews 1926
398:(Gould 1847) Iredale & Mathews 1926
3114:
1414:. London: Facts on File. p. 181.
1386:
1311:"Apteryx owenii (Little spotted kiwi)"
3122:IUCN Red List near threatened species
2794:
2793:
1479:
1409:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1006:
980:
570:. They lack a tail, but have a small
3047:0f818a56-973c-4488-8c45-cf8b6435363b
1216:
1037:
438:) is a small flightless bird in the
1166:. Barcelona, Spain: Lynx Edicions.
952:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
13:
1389:Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia
1140:
1025:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1847.tb00159.x
14:
3153:
1445:
1122:Hume, J. P.; Walters, M. (2012).
2777:
2765:
2650:North Island little spotted kiwi
1887:
1393:Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins
1362:BirdLife International (2008b).
1342:BirdLife International (2008a).
1070:Proceedings. Biological Sciences
599:
579:
240:North Island little spotted kiwi
227:South Island little spotted kiwi
82:
1452:BirdLife International (2023).
1323:
1280:Rallicola (Aptericola) pilgrimi
1270:
941:BirdLife International (2016).
682:
665:
619:conservation-induced extinction
456: lb), about the size of a
2601:North Island stout-legged wren
2596:South Island stout-legged wren
1410:Gotch, A.F. (1995) . "Kiwis".
1329:BirdLife International (2008b)
1231:BirdLife International (2008a)
1106:
1057:
1031:
1000:
746:Breeding population and trends
520:
379:Apteryx australis occidentalis
1:
1045:(4th ed.). Te Papa Press
1009:"On a new species of Apteryx"
649:beetle larvae, caterpillars,
472:The little spotted kiwi is a
374:(Rothschild 1893) Buller 1905
3137:Endemic birds of New Zealand
1336:General and cited references
925:
847:Zealandia Wildlife Sanctuary
640:
633:show that they prefer flax,
512:from a specimen obtained by
411:Stictapteryx owenii iredalei
7:
657:is also commonly consumed.
467:
10:
3158:
2721:New Zealand owlet-nightjar
1795:South Island oystercatcher
1038:Gill; et al. (2010).
997:Davies, S. J. J. F. (2003)
606:Burrow entrance, Zealandia
403:Stictapteryx owenii owenii
390:(Gould 1847) Verheyen 1960
363:Apteryx oweni occidentalis
350:Rowley 1875 non Potts 1873
2802:
2562:Auckland Island merganser
2491:
2371:
2245:
2020:
1896:
1885:
1513:
1263:10.1017/s0030605313000628
714:Karori Wildlife Sanctuary
495:survives. The subspecies
327:
320:
302:Shakespear Open Sanctuary
257:
248:
217:
212:
194:
187:
79:Scientific classification
77:
55:
46:
37:
28:
23:
3142:Taxa named by John Gould
2574:Chatham Island merganser
2141:Northern royal albatross
2129:New Zealand storm petrel
1206:The Australian Zoologist
1200:Whittell, H. M. (1947).
1076:(1762). PubMed Central.
959:: e.T22678129A92756395.
625:Distribution and habitat
3132:Birds described in 1847
2194:South Island saddleback
2182:North Island saddleback
2158:Orange-fronted parakeet
1930:North Island brown kiwi
1391:. Vol. 8 Birds I:
702:Tiritiri Matangi Island
2742:
2725:
2713:
2696:
2684:
2642:
2620:
2583:
2566:
2529:
2517:
2505:
2480:
2468:
2446:
2409:
2387:
2360:
2348:
2331:
2319:
2307:
2290:
2273:
2261:
2234:
2222:
2210:
2198:
2186:
2174:
2162:
2150:
2133:
2121:
2109:
2105:New Zealand fairy tern
2072:
2060:
2048:
2036:
2009:
1992:
1970:
1958:
1946:
1934:
1922:
1910:
1876:
1864:
1852:
1840:
1836:Variable oystercatcher
1823:
1811:
1799:
1787:
1775:
1763:
1751:
1734:
1722:
1700:
1688:
1671:
1659:
1647:
1635:
1623:
1611:
1599:
1587:
1575:
1563:
1551:
1539:
1527:
1172:10.2173/bow.liskiw1.01
1155:"Little Spotted Kiwi (
1082:10.1098/rspb.2013.0576
675:
40:Zealandia EcoSanctuary
3081:Paleobiology Database
2733:New Zealand musk duck
2680:Scarlett's shearwater
2557:South Island adzebill
2552:North Island adzebill
2442:Erect-crested penguin
2286:Chatham oystercatcher
2117:New Zealand king shag
1759:New Zealand rock wren
1430:"Little spotted kiwi"
738:Gallirallus australis
710:Queen Charlotte Sound
704:, Chalky Island, and
673:
462:pest-exclusion fences
355:Pseudapteryx gracilis
261:Predator-free islands
2383:Antipodean albatross
2373:Subantarctic islands
1696:New Zealand dotterel
1595:Double-banded plover
1507:Birds of New Zealand
1454:"Species factsheet:
1316:Animal Diversity Web
1007:Gould, John (1847).
910:Total (New Zealand)
566:feathers around the
371:Apteryx occidentalis
24:Little spotted kiwi
3037:little-spotted-kiwi
2692:North Island takahē
2567:rakiraki maungahuka
2513:New Zealand bittern
2501:South Island piopio
2454:Reischek's parakeet
2100:South Island kōkako
2095:North Island kōkako
1983:South Island takahē
1966:Yellow-eyed penguin
1954:Southern brown kiwi
1918:Little spotted kiwi
1364:"What's New (2008)"
1202:"Frederick Strange"
1112:Gotch, A. F. (1995)
748:
617:. In an example of
490:nominate subspecies
426:little spotted kiwi
395:Stictapteryx owenii
49:Conservation status
2660:South Island snipe
2655:North Island snipe
2476:Subantarctic snipe
2427:Campbell albatross
2417:Antipodes parakeet
2361:kawau o rangihaute
2032:Black-fronted tern
1906:Great spotted kiwi
1848:White-fronted tern
1713:North Island robin
1708:South Island robin
1667:Long-tailed cuckoo
1607:New Zealand falcon
799:Red Mercury Island
744:
694:Red Mercury Island
676:
614:Rallicola pilgrimi
562:. They have large
273:Red Mercury Island
3109:
3108:
3068:Open Tree of Life
2796:Taxon identifiers
2753:
2752:
2704:New Zealand goose
2525:New Zealand quail
2269:Chatham albatross
1988:Fiordland penguin
1730:Paradise shelduck
1718:New Zealand scaup
1655:Sacred kingfisher
1643:Grey-faced petrel
1535:Black-billed gull
1133:978-1-4081-5725-1
923:
922:
514:Frederick Strange
422:
421:
415:
407:
399:
391:
383:
382:(Rothschild 1893)
375:
367:
359:
351:
343:
333:
242:
237:
228:
225:
72:
3149:
3102:
3101:
3089:
3088:
3076:
3075:
3063:
3062:
3050:
3049:
3040:
3039:
3030:
3029:
3017:
3016:
3004:
3003:
2991:
2990:
2978:
2977:
2965:
2964:
2952:
2951:
2939:
2938:
2926:
2925:
2913:
2912:
2903:
2902:
2890:
2889:
2877:
2876:
2874:187706CF92320BD8
2864:
2863:
2851:
2850:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2823:
2822:
2821:
2791:
2790:
2782:
2781:
2780:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2761:
2745:
2738:New Zealand swan
2728:
2716:
2699:
2687:
2645:
2623:
2591:Long-billed wren
2586:
2569:
2532:
2520:
2508:
2483:
2471:
2449:
2412:
2390:
2363:
2351:
2334:
2322:
2310:
2298:Chatham parakeet
2293:
2281:Chatham gerygone
2276:
2264:
2237:
2225:
2213:
2201:
2189:
2177:
2165:
2153:
2136:
2124:
2112:
2075:
2063:
2051:
2039:
2012:
1995:
1973:
1961:
1949:
1937:
1925:
1913:
1891:
1879:
1867:
1855:
1843:
1826:
1814:
1802:
1790:
1778:
1766:
1754:
1737:
1725:
1703:
1691:
1674:
1662:
1650:
1638:
1626:
1614:
1602:
1590:
1578:
1571:Buff-banded rail
1566:
1554:
1542:
1530:
1500:
1493:
1486:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1425:
1406:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1370:. Archived from
1358:
1356:
1354:
1330:
1327:
1321:
1320:
1307:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1292:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1247:
1238:
1232:
1229:
1214:
1213:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1161:
1149:
1138:
1137:
1119:
1113:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1093:
1064:Ramstad (2013).
1061:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1044:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1004:
998:
995:
978:
977:
975:
973:
968:
938:
831:Tiritiri Matangi
749:
743:
690:d'Urville Island
603:
586:Illustration by
583:
553:
552:
548:
545:
539:
538:
534:
531:
486:Sir Richard Owen
455:
454:
450:
447:
430:little grey kiwi
413:
405:
397:
389:
381:
373:
365:
357:
349:
341:
331:
270:Tiritiri Matangi
253:
238:
235:
226:
223:
200:
87:
86:
66:
61:
60:
33:
21:
20:
3157:
3156:
3152:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3146:
3112:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3097:
3092:
3084:
3079:
3071:
3066:
3058:
3055:Observation.org
3053:
3045:
3043:
3035:
3033:
3025:
3020:
3012:
3007:
2999:
2994:
2986:
2981:
2973:
2968:
2960:
2955:
2947:
2942:
2934:
2929:
2921:
2916:
2908:
2906:
2898:
2893:
2885:
2880:
2872:
2867:
2859:
2854:
2846:
2841:
2832:
2831:
2826:
2817:
2816:
2811:
2798:
2788:
2778:
2776:
2766:
2764:
2756:
2754:
2749:
2633:Waitaha penguin
2628:Chatham penguin
2493:
2487:
2375:
2367:
2249:
2247:Chatham Islands
2241:
2170:Red-billed gull
2163:kākāriki karaka
2024:
2022:
2016:
1898:
1892:
1883:
1515:
1509:
1504:
1466:
1464:
1448:
1435:
1433:
1432:. Save the Kiwi
1428:
1422:
1403:
1377:
1375:
1352:
1350:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1324:
1309:
1308:
1299:
1290:
1288:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1245:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1217:
1198:
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1456:Apteryx owenii
1447:
1446:External links
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1256:(1): 107–110.
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2410:tētē kākāriki
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1417:
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1408:
1404:
1402:0-7876-5784-0
1398:
1394:
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1374:on 2007-08-28
1373:
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189:Binomial name
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42:, Wellington
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36:
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19:
2803:
2616:Laughing owl
2611:Chatham kākā
2606:Lyall's wren
2459:Snares snipe
2327:Chatham shag
2206:Shore plover
2080:Foveaux shag
2005:Blue penguin
1942:Okarito kiwi
1917:
1807:Spotted shag
1735:pūtangitangi
1631:Grey warbler
1465:. Retrieved
1461:
1455:
1434:. Retrieved
1411:
1392:
1388:
1376:. Retrieved
1372:the original
1368:IUCN RedList
1367:
1351:. Retrieved
1347:
1325:
1314:
1289:. Retrieved
1286:nztcs.org.nz
1285:
1279:
1272:
1253:
1249:
1236:
1209:
1205:
1195:
1183:. Retrieved
1163:
1156:
1123:
1117:
1108:
1073:
1069:
1059:
1047:. Retrieved
1033:
1019:(1): 93–94.
1016:
1012:
1002:
970:. Retrieved
956:
950:
944:
745:
736:
718:
686:
683:Conservation
677:
666:Reproduction
644:
628:
613:
610:
592:G. D. Rowley
524:
507:
503:North Island
496:
493:A. o. owenii
492:
481:
477:
471:
434:
433:
429:
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423:
414:Mathews 1935
410:
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221:A. o. owenii
220:
197:
195:
179:
178:
166:
132:Infraclass:
38:Foraging at
18:
2970:iNaturalist
2828:Wikispecies
2784:New Zealand
2726:ruru hinapō
2422:Bounty shag
2257:Black robin
2044:Black stilt
1877:ngutuparore
1841:tōrea pango
1752:tītipounamu
1701:tūturiwhatu
1576:moho-pererū
972:12 November
919:Increasing
889:Increasing
857:Increasing
841:Increasing
825:Increasing
815:Long Island
809:Increasing
777:Increasing
706:Long Island
674:Egg in hand
629:Studies on
556:aftershafts
521:Description
488:. Only the
387:Kiwi owenii
282:Long Island
213:Subspecies
156:Apterygidae
3116:Categories
3094:Xeno-canto
2714:manutahora
2670:Snipe-rail
2584:mātuhituhi
2230:Yellowhead
2218:Stitchbird
2146:Otago shag
2134:takahikare
2021:Endangered
1897:Flightless
1812:pārekareka
1624:pīwakawaka
1559:Brown teal
1291:2023-08-23
767:Hen Island
755:Population
725:vulnerable
698:Hen Island
655:hinau tree
647:cockchafer
510:John Gould
342:Potts 1873
267:Hen Island
224:Gould 1847
2469:pokotiwha
2356:Pitt shag
2211:tūturuatu
2175:tarāpunga
2122:kawau tūī
2056:Blue duck
2037:tarapiroe
1865:pōpokotea
1860:Whitehead
1783:Silvereye
1462:Data Zone
1348:Data Zone
1212:: 96–114.
1185:18 August
1180:243646391
926:Citations
727:" by the
641:Behaviour
572:pygostyle
564:vibrissae
501:from the
314:Zealandia
174:Species:
102:Kingdom:
96:Eukaryota
3014:22678129
2988:10862264
2887:22678129
2882:BirdLife
2813:Wikidata
2579:Bushwren
2481:tutukiwi
2110:tara-iti
2068:Fernbird
2025:(flying)
1824:miromiro
1764:pīwauwau
1747:Rifleman
1689:pīhoihoi
1636:riroriro
1612:kārearea
1600:pohowera
1583:Dabchick
1540:tarāpuka
1528:korimako
1523:Bellbird
1282:. NZTCS"
1100:23677342
752:Location
659:Annelids
651:cranefly
560:barbules
468:Taxonomy
322:Synonyms
293:Mainland
152:Family:
116:Chordata
112:Phylum:
106:Animalia
92:Domain:
69:IUCN 3.1
3127:Apteryx
2962:2495142
2949:1178364
2936:liskiw1
2910:liskiw1
2869:Avibase
2819:Q244197
2758:Portals
2643:kērangi
2518:kaoriki
2492:Extinct
2308:ranguru
1959:tokoeka
1872:Wrybill
1723:pāpango
1672:koekoeā
1619:Fantail
1091:3673049
905:Stable
873:Stable
793:Stable
708:in the
594:, 1870s
549:⁄
535:⁄
478:Apteryx
451:⁄
167:Apteryx
162:Genus:
142:Order:
122:Class:
67: (
3086:399824
3073:241844
3044:NZOR:
3034:NZBO:
3001:553789
2856:ARKive
2685:ōiruki
2621:whēkau
2530:koreke
2506:piopio
2262:karure
2151:Matapo
2073:mātātā
2010:kororā
1993:tawaki
1978:Kākāpō
1819:Tomtit
1788:tauhou
1742:Pūkeko
1679:Kererū
1660:kōtare
1588:weweia
1564:pāteke
1552:pipipi
1514:Common
1467:27 Nov
1436:20 May
1418:
1399:
1178:
1130:
1098:
1088:
1049:22 May
787:c.1200
761:Trend
721:stoats
484:after
482:owenii
474:ratite
458:bantam
207:, 1847
3060:70134
2983:IRMNG
2975:20491
2931:eBird
2907:BOW:
2900:84301
2772:Birds
2743:poūwa
2494:birds
2388:Toroa
2376:birds
2349:tāiko
2332:papua
2320:parea
2291:tōrea
2274:toroa
2250:birds
2235:mōhua
2199:tīeke
2187:tīeke
1971:hoiho
1935:roroa
1911:roroa
1899:birds
1800:tōrea
1684:Pipit
1516:birds
1378:4 Feb
1353:6 Feb
1246:(PDF)
1176:S2CID
1043:(PDF)
916:2012
913:1670
902:2012
635:seral
205:Gould
3027:8824
3022:NCBI
3009:IUCN
2996:ITIS
2957:GBIF
2923:FYYS
2895:BOLD
2697:moho
2537:Huia
2223:hihi
2085:Kākā
2061:whio
2049:kakī
2000:Weka
1947:rowi
1853:tara
1469:2023
1438:2023
1416:ISBN
1397:ISBN
1380:2009
1355:2009
1250:Oryx
1187:2018
1128:ISBN
1096:PMID
1051:2016
974:2021
957:2016
886:2015
870:2012
854:2012
838:2012
822:2012
806:2012
790:2012
774:2012
758:Date
729:IUCN
568:gape
558:and
440:kiwi
424:The
332:List
126:Aves
2944:EoL
2918:CoL
2843:ADW
2547:Moa
2090:Kea
1831:Tūī
1258:doi
1168:doi
1086:PMC
1078:doi
1074:280
1021:doi
961:doi
899:50
851:120
428:or
3118::
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1648:ōi
1460:.
1366:.
1346:.
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1284:.
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1252:.
1248:.
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1162:.
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1142:^
1094:.
1084:.
1072:.
1068:.
1017:15
1015:.
1011:.
982:^
955:.
949:.
933:^
883:20
867:30
835:80
819:50
803:70
771:50
700:,
696:,
312:C.
306:B.
300:A.
295::
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2740:(
2729:)
2723:(
2717:)
2711:(
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2694:(
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2640:(
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2618:(
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2581:(
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2564:(
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2527:(
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2515:(
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2503:(
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2478:(
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2466:(
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2444:(
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2407:(
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2358:(
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2346:(
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2329:(
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2317:(
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2305:(
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2288:(
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2271:(
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2259:(
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2232:(
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2220:(
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2208:(
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2196:(
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2184:(
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2172:(
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2160:(
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2148:(
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2131:(
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2119:(
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2107:(
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2070:(
2064:)
2058:(
2052:)
2046:(
2040:)
2034:(
2013:)
2007:(
1996:)
1990:(
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1968:(
1962:)
1956:(
1950:)
1944:(
1938:)
1932:(
1926:)
1920:(
1914:)
1908:(
1880:)
1874:(
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1862:(
1856:)
1850:(
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1838:(
1827:)
1821:(
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1809:(
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1797:(
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1785:(
1779:)
1773:(
1767:)
1761:(
1755:)
1749:(
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1732:(
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1720:(
1704:)
1698:(
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1686:(
1675:)
1669:(
1663:)
1657:(
1651:)
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1633:(
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1621:(
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1597:(
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1573:(
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976:.
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947:"
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551:4
547:1
544:+
542:4
540:–
537:4
533:1
530:+
528:2
526:(
453:4
449:1
446:+
444:4
432:(
231:†
71:)
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