1337:
1910:
1898:
1323:
1309:
19:
1295:
1281:
1267:
89:. It is typically blue, but natural "fancy" sapphires also occur in yellow, purple, orange, and green colors; "parti sapphires" show two or more colors. The only color corundum stone that the term sapphire is not used for is red, which is called a
823:
93:. Pink colored corundum may be either classified as ruby or sapphire depending on locale. Commonly, natural sapphires are cut and polished into gemstones and worn in
1243:
904:
1236:
843:
1033:
1088:
921:
1229:
1379:
1119:
781:
773:
529:
502:
422:
393:
364:
335:
280:
760:
888:
880:
857:
1941:
1144:
290:
1272:
106:
1936:
1081:
140:
1901:
1870:
1300:
1210:
556:
551:
97:. They also may be created synthetically in laboratories for industrial or decorative purposes in large
1109:
1037:
1029:
925:
481:
144:
1880:
1286:
1114:
1074:
546:
234:
1372:
1154:
1014:
1006:
991:
983:
968:
960:
753:
The Other Talmud--the
Yerushalmi: Unlocking the Secrets of the Talmud of Israel for Judaism Today
1336:
964:
777:
1946:
1328:
1314:
1124:
512:
137:
1509:
1159:
1266:
8:
1184:
1139:
1134:
1052:
261:
133:
842:
Farges, François; Panczer, Gérard; Benbalagh, Nassima; Riondet, Geoffray (Winter 2015).
1808:
1365:
848:
1443:
861:
756:
987:
1875:
1531:
1514:
1164:
1149:
432:
207:
167:
163:
1466:
1221:
1010:
1914:
1763:
1438:
1322:
1189:
1169:
472:
454:
374:
98:
1308:
1280:
117:
at 9.5) – sapphires are also used in some non-ornamental applications, such as
1771:
1608:
1179:
1129:
941:
403:
316:
50:
1930:
1803:
1294:
865:
827:
819:
621:
1714:
1448:
693:
1849:
1835:
1831:
1818:
1718:
1669:
1414:
1174:
573:
345:
1675:
1586:
1486:
1823:
1797:
1555:
1549:
800:
159:
114:
729:
1826:
1776:
1708:
1703:
1660:
1614:
1594:
1590:
1491:
1476:
1471:
1403:
94:
86:
56:
18:
1845:
1813:
1792:
1738:
1726:
1680:
1655:
1645:
1603:
1565:
1388:
1098:
945:
804:
801:"Queen's Sapphire Jubilee: Gun salutes mark 65 years on the throne"
796:
717:
705:
657:
645:
118:
102:
78:
74:
46:
42:
38:
1066:
824:"Lot 382: A Magnificent and Historic Sapphire Pendant, By Cartier"
772:
627:
1839:
1766:
1650:
1577:
1526:
1433:
1423:
486:
110:
1397:
Gemmological classifications by E. Ya. Kievlenko (1980), updated
879:
579:
1758:
1721:
1598:
1582:
1481:
884:
125:
121:
82:
62:
1698:
1665:
1571:
1561:
1520:
841:
699:
129:
1357:
1853:
1787:
1780:
1732:
1428:
597:
90:
70:
1028:
844:"The Grand Sapphire of Louis XIV and The Ruspoli Sapphire"
735:
942:"World's largest blue star sapphire 'found in Sri Lanka'"
633:
152:
148:
1005:
982:
663:
651:
959:
723:
1051:
711:
1251:
669:
585:
681:
189:
1928:
939:
603:
609:
818:
639:
132:crystals and movement bearings, and very thin
1373:
1237:
1082:
1897:
1380:
1366:
1244:
1230:
1089:
1075:
1034:"Sapphire sells for more than $ 3 million"
69:) with trace amounts of elements such as
795:
591:
17:
940:Sivaramakrishnan, P (January 4, 2016).
628:American Museum of Natural History 2019
1929:
922:"Feature: Legendary sapphire for sale"
902:
750:
687:
675:
162:for September and the gem of the 45th
1361:
1225:
1070:
580:Gemological Institute of America 2019
919:
615:
173:
1096:
13:
1120:Hall Sapphire and Diamond Necklace
782:American Museum of Natural History
774:American Museum of Natural History
530:National Museum of Natural History
503:National Museum of Natural History
423:National Museum of Natural History
394:National Museum of Natural History
365:National Museum of Natural History
336:National Museum of Natural History
281:American Museum of Natural History
109:(the third hardest mineral, after
14:
1958:
903:Howard, Bill (December 2, 2011).
712:Younghusband & Davenport 1919
218:1,404.49 carats (280.898 g)
1908:
1896:
1335:
1321:
1307:
1293:
1279:
1265:
889:Gemological Institute of America
881:Gemological Institute of America
858:Gemological Institute of America
147:such as integrated circuits and
1510:Yellow, Green, Violet Sapphires
1252:List of precious stones by size
1145:Queen Marie of Romania Sapphire
736:United Press International 2007
562:
920:Naso, Pat (February 5, 2003).
326:422.99 carats (84.598 g)
300:478.68 carats (95.736 g)
1:
1387:
744:
664:Smithsonian Institution 2019b
652:Smithsonian Institution 2019a
493:98.56 carats (19.712 g)
271:563.4 carats (112.68 g)
1902:List of gemstones by species
1871:List of individual gemstones
1532:Precious White and Fire Opal
1211:List of individual gemstones
965:"Bismarck Sapphire Necklace"
755:. Jewish Lights Publishing.
724:Smithsonian Institution 2019
557:List of individual gemstones
552:List of gold nuggets by size
521:22.66 carats (4.532 g)
441:136.9 carats (27.38 g)
124:components, high-durability
101:. Because of the remarkable
7:
1057:The crown jewels of England
1055:; Davenport, Cyril (1919).
540:
45:, a variety of the mineral
33:
10:
1963:
1110:Bismarck Sapphire Necklace
1038:United Press International
1030:United Press International
926:United Press International
751:Abrams, Judith Z. (2012).
245:733 carats (146.6 g)
1894:
1886:List of sapphires by size
1863:
1751:
1689:
1636:
1627:
1540:
1500:
1457:
1412:
1402:
1395:
1257:
1206:List of sapphires by size
1198:
1105:
1053:Younghusband, George John
464:104 carats (20.8 g)
413:182 carats (36.4 g)
384:287 carats (57.4 g)
198:
195:
192:
183:
180:
28:list of sapphires by size
1881:List of emeralds by size
1115:Black Star of Queensland
905:"The rush job from Hell"
547:List of emeralds by size
235:Black Star of Queensland
136:, which are used as the
105:of sapphires – 9 on the
1015:Smithsonian Institution
1007:Smithsonian Institution
992:Smithsonian Institution
984:Smithsonian Institution
969:Smithsonian Institution
961:Smithsonian Institution
907:. Southern Jewelry News
355:330 carats (66 g)
170:occurs after 65 years.
145:solid-state electronics
1942:Gemstone-related lists
1125:James J. Hill Sapphire
513:James J. Hill Sapphire
291:Queen Marie of Romania
23:
1449:Natural marine pearls
822:(November 19, 2003).
604:Sivaramakrishnan 2016
21:
1937:Individual sapphires
1568:, pink, yellow-green
1160:Serendipity Sapphire
1155:St Edward's Sapphire
799:(February 6, 2017).
1915:Minerals portal
1487:Precious Black Opal
1135:Millennium Sapphire
849:Gems & Gemology
768:- Total pages: 239
143:of special-purpose
1737:Opaque iridescent
1628:Jewelry-Industrial
1574:yellow, blue, pink
1062:- Total pages: 84
1032:(April 29, 2007).
700:Farges et al. 2015
24:
22:The Logan Sapphire
1924:
1923:
1752:Industrial stones
1747:
1746:
1623:
1622:
1355:
1354:
1219:
1218:
1063:
769:
538:
537:
482:Bismarck Sapphire
174:List of sapphires
134:electronic wafers
1954:
1913:
1912:
1911:
1900:
1899:
1876:List of diamonds
1634:
1633:
1410:
1409:
1382:
1375:
1368:
1359:
1358:
1339:
1325:
1311:
1297:
1283:
1269:
1246:
1239:
1232:
1223:
1222:
1165:The Star of Adam
1150:Ruspoli Sapphire
1091:
1084:
1077:
1068:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1002:
1000:
998:
988:"Logan Sapphire"
979:
977:
975:
956:
954:
952:
936:
934:
932:
916:
914:
912:
899:
897:
895:
876:
874:
872:
838:
836:
834:
815:
813:
811:
792:
790:
788:
767:
766:
739:
733:
727:
721:
715:
709:
703:
697:
691:
685:
679:
673:
667:
661:
655:
649:
643:
637:
631:
625:
619:
613:
607:
601:
595:
589:
583:
577:
433:Ruspoli Sapphire
309:Anonymous owner
254:Anonymous owner
227:Anonymous owner
178:
177:
168:sapphire jubilee
158:Sapphire is the
68:
49:, consisting of
1962:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1920:
1909:
1907:
1890:
1859:
1743:
1685:
1629:
1619:
1536:
1496:
1453:
1398:
1391:
1386:
1356:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1340:
1331:
1326:
1317:
1312:
1303:
1298:
1289:
1284:
1275:
1270:
1253:
1250:
1220:
1215:
1194:
1190:Stuart Sapphire
1170:Star of Artaban
1101:
1095:
1042:
1040:
1019:
1017:
996:
994:
973:
971:
950:
948:
930:
928:
910:
908:
893:
891:
870:
868:
832:
830:
809:
807:
786:
784:
778:"Star of India"
763:
747:
742:
734:
730:
722:
718:
710:
706:
698:
694:
686:
682:
674:
670:
662:
658:
650:
646:
640:Christie's 2003
638:
634:
626:
622:
614:
610:
602:
598:
590:
586:
578:
574:
565:
543:
473:Tower of London
455:Stuart Sapphire
375:Star of Artaban
176:
67:
61:
54:
41:are a precious
36:
12:
11:
5:
1960:
1950:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1843:
1829:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1795:
1790:
1784:
1774:
1772:Petrified wood
1769:
1761:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1735:
1729:
1724:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1695:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1642:
1640:
1631:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1580:
1575:
1569:
1559:
1558:, polychromous
1553:
1546:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1517:
1512:
1506:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1463:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1420:
1418:
1407:
1400:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1385:
1384:
1377:
1370:
1362:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1334:
1332:
1327:
1320:
1318:
1313:
1306:
1304:
1299:
1292:
1290:
1285:
1278:
1276:
1271:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1249:
1248:
1241:
1234:
1226:
1217:
1216:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1202:Related topics
1199:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1180:Star of Bombay
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1130:Logan Sapphire
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1094:
1093:
1086:
1079:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1049:
1026:
1011:"Star of Asia"
1003:
980:
957:
937:
917:
900:
877:
839:
816:
793:
770:
761:
746:
743:
741:
740:
728:
716:
704:
702:, p. 392.
692:
680:
668:
656:
644:
632:
620:
608:
596:
584:
571:
564:
561:
560:
559:
554:
549:
542:
539:
536:
535:
533:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
515:
509:
508:
506:
500:
497:
494:
491:
489:
484:
478:
477:
475:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
451:
450:
448:
446:
444:
442:
439:
437:
435:
429:
428:
426:
420:
417:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:Star of Bombay
400:
399:
397:
391:
388:
385:
382:
380:
377:
371:
370:
368:
362:
359:
356:
353:
351:
348:
342:
341:
339:
333:
330:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:Logan Sapphire
313:
312:
310:
307:
304:
301:
298:
296:
293:
287:
286:
284:
278:
275:
272:
269:
267:
264:
258:
257:
255:
252:
249:
246:
243:
240:
237:
231:
230:
228:
225:
222:
219:
216:
213:
210:
204:
203:
200:
197:
194:
191:
188:
185:
182:
175:
172:
99:crystal boules
65:
59:
51:aluminum oxide
35:
32:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1959:
1948:
1947:Lists by size
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1917:
1916:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1893:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1785:
1782:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1740:
1736:
1734:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1632:
1626:
1616:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1539:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1467:Pink sapphire
1465:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1439:Blue Sapphire
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1401:
1394:
1390:
1383:
1378:
1376:
1371:
1369:
1364:
1363:
1360:
1344:
1338:
1333:
1330:
1324:
1319:
1316:
1310:
1305:
1302:
1296:
1291:
1288:
1282:
1277:
1274:
1268:
1263:
1262:
1256:
1247:
1242:
1240:
1235:
1233:
1228:
1227:
1224:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1197:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1185:Star of India
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1140:Queen of Asia
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1100:
1092:
1087:
1085:
1080:
1078:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1043:September 11,
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1020:September 11,
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
997:September 11,
993:
989:
985:
981:
974:September 11,
970:
966:
962:
958:
951:September 11,
947:
943:
938:
931:September 11,
927:
923:
918:
911:September 11,
906:
901:
894:September 11,
890:
886:
882:
878:
871:September 11,
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
850:
845:
840:
833:September 11,
829:
825:
821:
817:
810:September 11,
806:
802:
798:
794:
787:September 11,
783:
779:
775:
771:
764:
762:9781580234634
758:
754:
749:
748:
737:
732:
725:
720:
714:, p. 57.
713:
708:
701:
696:
689:
684:
678:, p. 31.
677:
672:
665:
660:
653:
648:
641:
636:
629:
624:
617:
612:
605:
600:
593:
592:BBC News 2017
588:
581:
576:
572:
570:
569:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
544:
534:
532:, Washington
531:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
516:
514:
511:
510:
507:
505:, Washington
504:
501:
498:
495:
492:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
479:
476:
474:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
452:
449:
447:
445:
443:
440:
438:
436:
434:
431:
430:
427:
425:, Washington
424:
421:
418:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
401:
398:
396:, Washington
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367:, Washington
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297:
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273:
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268:
265:
263:
262:Star of India
260:
259:
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250:
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64:
58:
52:
48:
44:
40:
31:
29:
20:
16:
1906:
1885:
1850:Pyrophyllite
1819:Serpentinite
1800:(green mica)
1690:
1670:Baltic amber
1637:
1541:
1501:
1458:
1413:
1342:
1205:
1175:Star of Asia
1056:
1041:. Retrieved
1018:. Retrieved
995:. Retrieved
972:. Retrieved
949:. Retrieved
929:. Retrieved
909:. Retrieved
892:. Retrieved
869:. Retrieved
853:
847:
831:. Retrieved
808:. Retrieved
785:. Retrieved
752:
731:
719:
707:
695:
683:
671:
659:
647:
635:
623:
611:
599:
587:
575:
567:
566:
563:Bibliography
419:Blue-violet
390:Blue-violet
346:Star of Asia
208:Star of Adam
157:
151:-based blue
37:
27:
25:
15:
1832:Ophicalcite
1713:Colorless,
1676:Chrysoprase
1587:Spessartine
1552:– Verdelite
1444:Alexandrite
688:Howard 2011
676:Abrams 2012
526:Cornflower
283:, New York
164:anniversary
1931:Categories
1836:Serpentine
1824:Aventurine
1798:Listwanite
1589:(malaya),
1556:Indicolite
1550:Tourmaline
1523:(Imperial)
1515:Aquamarine
885:"sapphire"
828:Christie's
820:Christie's
745:References
459:Sri Lanka
408:Sri Lanka
379:Sri Lanka
321:Sri Lanka
295:Sri Lanka
277:Blue-gray
266:Sri Lanka
239:Australia
212:Sri Lanka
160:birthstone
141:substrates
138:insulating
130:wristwatch
115:moissanite
113:at 10 and
107:Mohs scale
26:This is a
1827:quartzite
1779:(Porouse
1777:Cacholong
1739:feldspars
1709:Rhodonite
1704:Amazonite
1691:2nd order
1661:Malachite
1638:1st order
1615:Turquoise
1595:Almandine
1591:Rhodolite
1542:4th order
1502:3rd order
1492:Tanzanite
1477:Tsavorite
1472:Demantoid
1459:2nd order
1415:1st order
1389:Gemstones
1343:Sapphires
1099:sapphires
1009:(2019b).
986:(2019a).
866:0016-626X
616:Naso 2003
199:Location
181:Sapphire
87:magnesium
39:Sapphires
1846:Pagodite
1814:Fluorite
1809:Selenite
1793:Obsidian
1727:Hematite
1681:Charoite
1656:Nephrite
1646:Lazurite
1604:Amethyst
1566:Heliodor
1287:Emeralds
1273:Diamonds
963:(2019).
946:BBC News
883:(2019).
805:BBC News
797:BBC News
776:(2019).
541:See also
329:Cushion
303:Cushion
119:infrared
103:hardness
79:chromium
75:titanium
47:corundum
43:gemstone
34:Sapphire
1864:Related
1840:Calcite
1786:Marble
1767:granite
1764:Graphic
1731:Common
1651:Jadeite
1609:Citrine
1583:Garnets
1578:Peridot
1527:Elbaite
1519:Orange
1434:Emerald
1424:Diamond
1404:Jewelry
1059:. Funk.
487:Myanmar
184:Origin
126:windows
122:optical
111:diamond
95:jewelry
1759:Jasper
1722:quartz
1630:stones
1599:Pyrope
1482:Spinel
1406:stones
1329:Rubies
1315:Pearls
1097:Named
864:
759:
496:Table
350:Burma
251:Black
196:Color
83:copper
1715:smoky
1699:Agate
1666:Amber
1613:Blue
1572:Topaz
1562:Beryl
1521:topaz
856:(4).
568:Notes
499:Blue
469:Blue
416:Star
387:Star
361:Blue
358:Star
332:Blue
306:Blue
274:Star
248:Star
242:1938
224:Blue
221:Star
215:2015
190:Size
187:Date
85:, or
1854:Talc
1788:onyx
1781:opal
1733:opal
1719:pink
1717:and
1429:Ruby
1301:Gold
1045:2019
1022:2019
999:2019
976:2019
953:2019
933:2019
913:2019
896:2019
873:2019
862:ISSN
835:2019
812:2019
789:2019
757:ISBN
202:Ref
193:Cut
166:. A
153:LEDs
91:ruby
71:iron
1804:Jet
149:GaN
1933::
1597:,
1593:,
1585:–
1564:–
1036:.
1013:.
990:.
967:.
944:.
924:.
887:.
860:.
854:51
852:.
846:.
826:.
803:.
780:.
155:.
128:,
81:,
77:,
73:,
57:Al
55:α-
30:.
1856:)
1852:/
1848:(
1842:)
1838:/
1834:(
1783:)
1672:)
1668:(
1381:e
1374:t
1367:v
1245:e
1238:t
1231:v
1090:e
1083:t
1076:v
1047:.
1024:.
1001:.
978:.
955:.
935:.
915:.
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875:.
837:.
814:.
791:.
765:.
738:.
726:.
690:.
666:.
654:.
642:.
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618:.
606:.
594:.
582:.
66:3
63:O
60:2
53:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
