3075:
2179:
4364:
4622:
1904:
1103:
4675:
2080:
4570:
2226:
6512:
2962:
3194:
6433:
6422:
5467:
2443:
5724:
4816:
5531:
2785:
6650:
6678:
5642:
5344:
1987:
3157:
3755:
5393:
5949:
2124:
1595:
5599:
6570:
3559:
1717:
6636:
3896:
6523:
6488:
2539:
1201:
6098:
4882:
4128:
5177:
4022:
3804:
5221:
6538:
3116:
5125:
1291:
2653:
3946:
3513:
4936:
3231:
6584:
2486:
6736:
3291:
3451:
3358:
1799:
1758:
5810:
5889:
5064:
4464:
1395:
4225:
1656:
6664:
4278:
1544:
6549:
2834:
1470:
1154:
6608:
1338:
25:
4062:
2729:
2585:
2400:
2352:
3700:
6724:
6474:
6460:
6622:
6712:
2708:. In the aftermath of the conflict, a part of Landshut joined Palatinate with the name of Palatinate-Neuburg. In 1557 Otto Henry abdicated of Neuburg to become Elector. Neuburg fell to Wolfgang I. Otto Henry left no descendants: the main line became extinct with his death. Simmern line succeeded in the Electorate.
4000:
Frederick V's territories and his position as elector were transferred to the Duke of
Bavaria, Maximilian I, of a distantly related branch of the House of Wittelsbach. Although technically Elector Palatine, he was known as the Elector of Bavaria. From 1648 he ruled in Bavaria and the Upper Palatinate
3500:
Children of George John I, ruled jointly. In 1598 divided the land: George
Gustavus kept Veldenz; John Augustus received Lützelstein; and Louis Philip and George John received jointly received Gutenberg. In 1601 George John ruled alone Gutenberg. In 1611, after the death of John Augustus with no
5689:
The title and authority of
Elector Palatine were subsumed into the Electorate of Bavaria in 1777. Charles Theodore and his heirs retaining only the single vote and precedence of the Bavarian elector, though they continued to use the title "Count Palatine of the Rhine"
2178:
5851:
4147:
3532:
3541:
2990:
4795:
3994:
in 1620, and
Spanish and Bavarian troops soon occupied the Palatinate itself. He was known as "the Winter King" because his reign in Bohemia only lasted one winter. In 1623, Frederick was put under the ban of the Empire.
4094:
1255:
During a later division of territory among his heirs in 1294, the elder branch of the
Wittelsbachs came into possession of both the Rhenish Palatinate and the territories in Bavaria north of the Danube river (the
2981:
6388:
4383:
4107:
4156:
Sons of Philip Louis, inherited
Sulzbach. John Frederick created Palatinate-Sulzbach-Hilpoltstein, but at his death with no surviving children, Sulzbach became reunited under Augustus' son, Christian August.
2704:(and grandsons of Philip I). Their father married the heiress of Bavaria-Landshut, Elisabeth, was adopted by his father-in-law, and eventually became heir of Bavaria-Landshut. This new declaration led to the
3586:
3074:
4641:
3737:
3501:
descendants, Lützelstein was annexed to
Guttenberg. In 1654, after the death of George John without descendants, Guttenberg reverted to Veldens, united under Leopold Louis, George Gustavus' son.
1818:
4343:
6410:
5441:
5322:
4244:
2999:
2282:
3213:
3150:
4191:
2245:
6418:
5661:
5240:
4532:
3662:
1701:
Children of Robert III, divided the land. Louis kept the
Electorate; Stephen received Simmern, John inherited Neumarkt and Otto received Mosbach. Stephen brought by marriage the
3719:
279:, the Palatinate lost its military importance in Lotharingia. The territorial authority of the count palatine was reduced to his counties along the Rhine, henceforth called the
5250:
3783:
3176:
3846:
512:
By the early 16th century, owing to the practice of dividing territories among different branches of the family, junior lines of the
Palatine Wittelsbachs came to rule in
4774:
1736:
4844:
Son of
Christian I, kept Bischweiler, while his brother John Charles gained Gelnhausen.Inherited Birkenfeld from his cousin Charles Otto, and annexed Bischweiler to it.
4397:
6124:. First, its left bank territories were occupied (and then annexed) by France starting in 1795; then, in 1803, its right bank territories were taken by the Margrave of
6004:. First, its left bank territories were occupied (and then annexed) by France starting in 1795; then, in 1803, its right bank territories were taken by the Margrave of
4258:
3693:
3633:
6403:
3728:
4205:
4162:
3873:
2148:
Had a strong interest in astronomy and mathematics. Abdicated in 1490 to spend the remainder of his life in scientific pursuits. Mosbach reverted to the Electorate.
1414:
317:
5908:
4809:
2629:
2505:
305:
3774:
5619:
1372:
occupied Palatinate, but wasn't recognized as Count Palatine, as he was defending the position of his younger nephews against the claimancy of his older nephew,
2941:
2462:
428:
in 1294, the elder branch of the Wittelsbachs came into possession of both the Rhenish Palatinate and the territories in Bavaria north of the Danube river (the
4015:
3224:
6396:
6159:) with Mainz as the state capital. The people had felt neglected by the governments in Munich for generations and later approved the merger in a plebiscite.
4725:
3748:
1777:
1490:
6151:
the American Military Government of Germany took the Lower Palatinate from Bavaria and merged it with neighbouring territories to form a new state called
2099:
2514:
Divided the land. Robert was a younger brother of Louis II, and Wolfgang was Louis' son. Technically, Robert held both lands during Wolfgang's minority.
299:
5843:
3915:
1423:
4357:
1710:
4363:
93:
3171:
5744:
5301:
4969:
2701:
65:
5460:
3552:
5968:
4218:
2705:
5592:
4621:
1903:
5363:
4674:
1186:
Otto II served also as Count Palatine of the Rhine. On Otto II's death, Bavaria was divided between his sons. Louis received the Palatinate.
72:
5759:
5337:
2955:
6766:
6257:
4055:
2114:
5264:
Inherited Zweibrücken from his cousin Charles III, and annexed Kleeburg to it. Left no descendants. His lands went to Birkenfeld line.
4322:
2258:
6781:
5524:
5020:
4615:
3841:
Children of John I, divided the land: John Kept Zweibrücken, Frederick Casimir received Landsberg and John Casimir inherited Kleeburg.
3597:
3506:
2428:
He introduced the Reformation into Simmern which led to increased tensions with his neighbours, the Archbishoprics of Trier and Mainz.
2079:
2633:
2532:
2433:
1102:
79:
5085:
4835:
4668:
3676:
3109:
2920:
276:
255:
5803:
3794:
2070:
6771:
5550:
4904:
4271:
3889:
2643:
227:
3680:
3065:
2300:
2225:
6120:(on the French border), brought all the Wittelsbach territories under a single rule in 1799. The Palatinate was dissolved in the
6000:(on the French border), brought all the Wittelsbach territories under a single rule in 1799. The Palatinate was dissolved in the
5559:
2607:
2201:
61:
35:
4746:
4494:
3410:
3351:
3313:
3187:
2028:
1385:
1132:
361:. This explains the composition of the inheritance that comprised the Upper and Rhenish Palatinate in the following centuries.
249:
187:
6776:
4297:
3867:
3031:
395:
4569:
2961:
6372:
6367:
6266:
5712:
5681:
5381:
4121:
1220:
1144:
389:
5481:
4861:
4852:
4790:
3714:
3245:
4589:
1881:
233:
5635:
3968:
2775:
2393:
2052:
1565:
1373:
493:
and southern Germany. From that time forth, the Count Palatine of the Rhine was usually known as the Elector Palatine (
3094:
6761:
6347:
6224:
4830:
4452:
3769:
3473:
2895:. The Palatinate became one of the major centers of Calvinism in Europe, supporting Calvinist rebellions in both the
2522:
2479:
2219:
1836:
1792:
293:
6219:. Regionalgeschichte-fundiert und kompakt (in German) (First ed.). Karlsruhe: G. Braun Buchverlag. p. 17.
5579:
5486:
3342:
Children of Frederick III, divided the land: Louis received the Electorate, and John Casimir was given a portion at
3250:
6362:
6357:
5903:
5867:
5656:
5317:
5052:
5000:
4984:
4924:
4636:
3832:
1751:
151:
4266:
Reunited Palatinate-Veldenz in 1654. However, left no surviving male descendants. Veldenz went to the Electorate.
86:
42:
6327:
6250:
5829:
5466:
5414:
2884:
2819:
1316:
6377:
6337:
6317:
6104:
5937:
5099:
4041:
3436:
3193:
3135:
2692:
2570:
259:
50:
5214:
46:
6342:
6302:
6121:
6001:
4955:
3931:
2854:
1972:
5723:
4292:
3649:
3613:
3573:
3527:
3058:
Philip Louis (the eldest son) received Neuburg, and absorbed his childless brothers land after their deaths.
2667:
2500:
203:
dynasty, which governed several counties on both banks of the Rhine. These territories were centered around
6352:
6322:
6215:
Kohnle, Armin (2005). "Mittelalterliche Grundlagen; Pfalzgraftenamt, Territorialentwicklung und Kurwürde".
4870:
2714:
1369:
1328:
408:
6653:
5846:, brother of Christian IV. Succeeded his uncle, but left no descendants. He was succeeded by his brother.
1511:
Son of Rudolph I and brother of Rudolph II. In January 1356 was recognized as the First Elector Palatine.
6292:
6282:
2442:
1641:
1529:
2023:
Brother of his predecessor. Left no legitimate heirs to the Electorate. He was succeeded by his nephew.
6702:
6611:
6332:
6297:
6287:
6277:
6243:
5587:
His children from his morganatic marriage were barred from succession. He was succeeded by his nephew.
5144:
4654:
4563:
3878:
3492:
3276:
3035:
2672:
1849:
1580:
1455:
6639:
3895:
6552:
6312:
4815:
4558:
electoral title, also that of "Elector Palatine" but lower in precedence than the other electorates.
4513:
3049:
Frederick received Vohenstrauss-Parkstein, which after his death with no descendants went to Neuburg;
2784:
2337:
1281:
1191:
502:
425:
6117:
5997:
5963:
5824:
5613:
5530:
5516:
5507:
5281:
5272:
5191:
5139:
4432:
4423:
4338:
3818:
3089:
2553:
2457:
2316:
2277:
2094:
521:
146:
between 915 to 1803. From 1261 (formally 1356), the title holder was a member of the small group of
6756:
6728:
6307:
3991:
2688:
2164:
1093:
345:
and Rhineland. (Other branches of the Hohenstaufen dynasty received territories including lands in
5641:
4411:
Inherited Zweibrücken from his cousin Frederick in 1661, and annexed Landsberg to it. In 1677 the
1986:
5882:
5157:
Son of Charles Gustavus (Charles X of Sweden), assumed the restored Palatinate-Zweibrücken. Also
3754:
3156:
1923:
1173:
1136:
413:
On the marriage of the Welf heiress Agnes in the early 13th century, the territory passed to the
239:
5343:
6625:
6167:
5948:
4001:
alone, but retained all his electoral dignities and the seniority of the Palatinate Electorate.
2123:
1897:
1617:
1377:
456:
365:
330:
177:
5598:
1594:
6587:
6573:
6491:
6057:
6047:
6037:
6025:
5928:
5795:
5170:
4006:
2321:
1449:. Left no descendants. He was succeeded by his cousin Robert, son of the pushed Count Adolf.
843:
382:
3558:
1716:
1380:
in 1329, as Emperor, Louis made formal his donation, pushing back the claimant Count Adolf.
6541:
6526:
6152:
6021:
5791:
5779:
5408:
5118:
5079:
5012:
4996:
4897:
4766:
4707:
4479:
4378:
4314:
4081:
3987:
3961:
3862:
3466:
3328:
3306:
3141:
3015:
2912:
2767:
2754:
2600:
2367:
2194:
2155:
2002:
1874:
1671:
1610:
1559:
1520:
1484:
1409:
1352:
1305:
1215:
1168:
1117:
544:
506:
414:
334:
287:
155:
5392:
1139:
in 1214. So Louis I served also as Count Palatine of the Rhine. He was assassinated 1231.
402:
8:
6681:
6667:
6477:
6463:
5738:
5545:
5358:
5235:
5036:
4689:
4584:
4551:
4239:
4178:
4142:
3910:
3419:
3385:
3208:
1918:
1772:
1438:
1357:
1242:
1122:
529:
452:
311:
3052:
Otto Henry received Sulzbach, which after his death with no descendants went to Neuburg;
2538:
1200:
6515:
6177:
6097:
4988:
4950:
4741:
4486:
4076:
4036:
3823:
3655:
3619:
3372:
3130:
2976:
2936:
2888:
2869:
2848:
2799:
2748:
2743:
2414:
2374:
2240:
2138:
2047:
1963:
1813:
1731:
1677:
1442:
1310:
525:
517:
513:
4992:
6220:
6129:
6009:
5982:
5427:
4442:
4412:
1824:
1702:
964:
917:
143:
4720:
Brother of Charles Gustavus, received Kleeburg after the abdication of his brother.
6716:
6143:
Following the great restorations of 1815, the Lower Palatinate (albeit without any
5492:
5220:
5209:. After his death with no descendants, Zweibrücken was inherited by Kleeburg line.
4694:
4021:
3803:
3423:
2419:
1691:
498:
497:). The position of prince-elector had existed earlier (for example, when two rival
460:
417:
16:
Counts Palatine of the Rhine, Counts Palatine of Lotharingia, and Elector Palatines
6066:
4881:
3346:. The latter didn't have descendants, and his portion returned to the Electorate.
3115:
1290:
350:
337:. The territories attached to this hereditary office began with those held by the
6740:
6173:
5691:
5091:
4983:
When the Simmern branch of the family died out in 1685, the electorate passed to
4352:
Left no male surviving descendants. Zweibrucken was inherited by Landsberg line.
4127:
3945:
3512:
2652:
2105:
1632:
1501:
135:
127:
6132:
was abolished, and all the rights and responsibilities of the electors with it.
6012:
was abolished, and all the rights and responsibilities of the electors with it.
4935:
3230:
2883:
When the senior branch of the family died out in 1559, the electorate passed to
509:), though it is difficult to determine exactly the earliest date of the office.
6426:
6144:
5699:
5202:
5176:
5158:
4976:
4603:
3378:
3343:
3100:
1264:. As this region was politically connected to the Rhenish Palatinate, the name
1233:
1179:
477:
472:
464:
436:. As this region was politically connected to the Rhenish Palatinate, the name
354:
243:
147:
5499:
Inherited Zweibrücken from his cousin Gustavus, and annexed Birkenfeld to it.
5124:
4539:
3579:
2485:
2327:
2288:
1705:
to his possessions, and, after his death, Zweibrücken split off from Simmern.
358:
6750:
6235:
6128:. The Rhenish Palatinate, as a distinct territory, disappeared. In 1806, the
6008:. The Rhenish Palatinate, as a distinct territory, disappeared. In 1806, the
3450:
3290:
3027:
2558:
1798:
378:
5809:
4554:
in 1648, Charles Louis was restored to the Lower Palatinate and was given a
4389:
1757:
6148:
5888:
5063:
4520:
4463:
4224:
4184:
1941:
1394:
338:
216:
139:
6735:
6163:
4647:
4303:
4277:
4100:
3357:
3008:
Son of John II. Left no descendants. Simmern returned to the Electorate.
2896:
169:
5706:). Left no descendants, and the Electorates passed to Zweibrücken line.
4999:), son of Wolfgang William. He was a Catholic and a maternal nephew of
1543:
4911:
3480:
3427:
3391:
3335:
2876:
2833:
2614:
2381:
2009:
1929:
1888:
1742:
533:
403:
The Palatinate under the Wittelsbach: the Electoral dignity (1214–1803)
4804:
Left no surviving descendants. Birkenfeld passed to Bischweiler line.
2950:
Son of John II. Left no descendants. He was succeeded by his brother.
1655:
1323:
Ruled jointly. In 1317 Rudolph abdicated of his rights to his brother
1153:
5989:
5974:
5766:
5106:
4713:
4700:
4595:
3921:
2892:
2861:
537:
482:
342:
5433:
1469:
1376:. Ten years later gave it to his nephews, sons of Rudolph. With the
24:
6205:. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2010. 5th edition, p. 16
5914:
5877:
Left no male descendants. He was succeeded by his brother William.
5751:
5565:
5369:
5150:
4441:
Palatinate-Zweibrücken (with Landsberg) was briefly annexed to the
4061:
1337:
2728:
2584:
2399:
2351:
1272:) became common from the early 16th century, to contrast with the
550:
444:) became common from the early 16th century, to contrast with the
5835:
5328:
3983:
3320:
1945:
1683:
421:
212:
204:
200:
5296:
Left no male descendants. He was succeeded by his brother John.
3699:
1956:. Left no descendants. Neumarkt reverted to Palatinate-Mosbach.
353:). Part of this land derived from their imperial ancestors, the
6181:
6067:
Electors of Bavaria and counts palatine of the Rhine, 1777–1803
5420:
4961:
4501:
4087:
3975:
2900:
2468:
2208:
2058:
1953:
1949:
1624:
1261:
486:
433:
424:. During a later division of territory among the heirs of Duke
346:
5046:
Left no descendants. His lands went to his brother, Gustavus.
4860:
Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Bischweiler definitely reannexed to the
6147:
role) was restored as one of eight Bavarian Districts. After
6125:
6005:
5667:
4752:
532:
in the Upper Palatinate. The Elector Palatine, now based in
490:
467:. The count was given the hereditary offices of Archsteward (
220:
199:
During the 11th century, the Palatinate was dominated by the
5927:
Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen definitely annexed to the
5455:
Left no descendants. The Electorate went to Sulzbach line.
1937:
1783:
275:
1085, after the death of the last Ezzonian count palatine,
208:
161:
5515:
Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld definitely reannexed to
266:
4759:
Left no descendants. Simmern returned to the Electorate.
4415:
occupied his duchies. He left no surviving descendants.
4259:
George John II, Count Palatine of Lützelstein-Guttenberg
4213:
Reunited Sulzbach after John Frederick's death in 1644.
1441:
confirmed the right to participate in the election of a
4206:
John Frederick, Count Palatine of Sulzbach-Hilpoltstein
5113:
Left no descendants. He was succeeded by his brother.
2388:
Left no descendants. He was succeeded by his brother.
6700:
6046:
Palatinate-Zweibrücken was definitely annexed to the
4431:
Palatinate-Landsberg was definitely reannexed to the
329:
The first hereditary count palatine of the Rhine was
6116:
Charles Theodore's heir, Maximilian Joseph, Duke of
5996:
Charles Theodore's heir, Maximilian Joseph, Duke of
5280:
Palatinate-Kleeburg was definitely reannexed to the
6056:Electoral Palatinate was definitely annexed to the
2621:Left no descendants. He was succeeded by a cousin.
3986:from the Bohemian estates. He was defeated by the
463:, recognized the Palatinate as one of the secular
357:, and part from Conrad's maternal ancestors, the
154:. Since then, the title has also referred to as "
6748:
5844:Frederick Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken
551:Partitions of Palatinate under Wittelsbach rule
324:
173:which came into existence in the 10th century.
6265:
6170:(born 1933), is still traditionally styled as
6404:
6251:
4095:Catharina Charlotte of Palatinate-Zweibrücken
3775:Magdalene Catherine of Palatinate-Zweibrücken
3172:Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Vohenstrauss-Parkstein
1445:to the Count Palatine, title that evolved to
4050:Son of Elector Frederick, restored Simmern.
4005:Electoral Palatinate briefly annexed to the
623:
51:introducing citations to additional sources
6429:of the Holy Roman Empire from 1356 to 1806
5921:In 1799 his lands were annexed to Bavaria.
4602:Abdicated from Kleeburg in 1654, to become
4384:Juliana Magdalena of Palatinate-Zweibrücken
4108:Maria Franziska of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg
6411:
6397:
6258:
6244:
4610:, right hat he inherited from his mother.
4663:Son of Christian I, received Gelnhausen.
3688:Children of Charles I, divided the land.
3542:Maria Elizabeth of Palatinate-Zweibrücken
3262:Vohenstrauss-Parkstein annexed to Neuburg
333:, who was the younger brother of Emperor
5745:Elisabeth Auguste of Palatinate-Sulzbach
5677:
5575:
5288:
4254:
4201:
4116:Son of Philip Louis, inherited Neuburg.
3672:
3488:
3406:
3043:Children of Wolfgang, divided the land:
3023:
2810:
2702:Robert of Palatinate, bishop of Freising
2684:
2518:
2295:Sons of Louis the Black, ruled jointly.
1832:
162:Counts palatine of Lotharingia, 915–1085
41:Relevant discussion may be found on the
4796:Margaret Hedwig of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein
4642:Sophie Amalie of Palatinate-Zweibrücken
3677:Philip Louis, Count Palatine of Neuburg
3411:John Casimir, Count Palatine of Lautern
2634:Wolfgang, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken
2065:Children of Stephen, divided the land.
543:
536:, adopted Lutheranism in the 1530s and
372:
267:Counts palatine of the Rhine, 1085–1214
6749:
6214:
1133:Otto I of Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria
1001:
955:
914:
885:
766:
722:
664:
594:
377:In 1195, the Palatinate passed to the
62:"List of counts palatine of the Rhine"
6392:
6239:
6208:
5969:Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt
5551:Maria Henriette de La Tour d'Auvergne
4298:Agatha Christine of Hanau-Lichtenberg
3681:John I, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken
3032:William IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
978:
977:
924:
910:
909:
905:
904:
870:
850:
836:
835:
796:
795:
767:
762:
761:
725:
723:
681:
665:
653:
652:
637:
621:
611:
592:
582:
581:
5909:Maria Anna of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld
5442:Violante Theresia of Thurn and Taxis
3954:19 September 1610 – 23 February 1623
3401:Lautern reabsorbed in the Electorate
18:
5787:30 December 1777 - 16 February 1799
5775:31 December 1742 - 30 December 1777
5323:Ernestine Louise of Waldeck-Pyrmont
4970:Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
4590:Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp
3982:In 1619, he accepted the throne of
3868:Emilia Antwerpiana of Orange-Nassau
3738:Anne Elizabeth of Öttingen-Öttingen
3459:22 October 1583 – 19 September 1610
3000:Anne Margaret of Palatinate-Veldenz
2763:26 December 1556 – 12 February 1559
2187:12 December 1476 – 28 February 1508
420:, who were also counts palatine of
211:, but extended south to the rivers
194:
13:
6767:Lists of office-holders in Germany
4765:Simmern definitely annexed to the
4344:Anna Juliane of Nassau-Saarbrücken
4313:Veldenz definitely annexed to the
2908:12 February 1559 – 26 October 1576
2154:Mosbach definitely annexed to the
1516:10 January 1356 – 16 February 1390
1374:Adolf, Count Palatine of the Rhine
1062:
219:. The southernmost point was near
142:in the Kingdom of Germany and the
14:
6793:
6782:Prince-electors of the Palatinate
6162:The present head of the House of
5482:Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld
5364:Maria Eleonore of Hesse-Rotenburg
4862:Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld
4853:Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld
4831:Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Bischweiler
4791:Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld
3770:Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Bischweiler
3715:Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld
3299:26 October 1576 – 22 October 1583
3246:Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld
2523:Robert, Count Palatine of Veldenz
1995:13 August 1449 – 12 December 1476
1867:30 December 1436 – 13 August 1449
1837:Otto I, Count Palatine of Mosbach
1574:Son of the claimant count Adolf.
190:, count of the Jülichgau (c. 940)
6734:
6722:
6710:
6676:
6662:
6648:
6634:
6620:
6606:
6582:
6568:
6547:
6536:
6521:
6510:
6486:
6472:
6458:
6431:
6420:
6138:
6096:
6017:16 February 1799 - 27 April 1803
5947:
5904:Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen
5887:
5868:Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen
5808:
5760:Maria Leopoldine of Austria-Este
5722:
5682:Charles Philip, Elector Palatine
5657:Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen
5640:
5597:
5529:
5465:
5391:
5342:
5318:Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen
5219:
5175:
5123:
5062:
4934:
4880:
4836:Catherine Agatha of Rappoltstein
4814:
4673:
4637:Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen
4620:
4568:
4462:
4362:
4276:
4223:
4126:
4060:
4020:
3944:
3894:
3833:Louise Juliana of the Palatinate
3802:
3753:
3698:
3587:Anne Elizabeth of the Palatinate
3557:
3511:
3449:
3356:
3289:
3229:
3192:
3155:
3114:
3073:
2960:
2832:
2783:
2727:
2651:
2593:16 March 1544 – 26 December 1556
2583:
2537:
2484:
2441:
2398:
2360:28 February 1508 – 16 March 1544
2350:
2283:Margaret of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein
2224:
2177:
2122:
2078:
1985:
1902:
1797:
1756:
1715:
1654:
1593:
1552:16 January 1390 – 6 January 1398
1542:
1468:
1393:
1336:
1289:
1199:
1152:
1101:
524:in the Lower Palatinate, and in
166:The Palatinate emerged from the
152:emperor of the Holy Roman Empire
34:relies largely or entirely on a
23:
6772:Holy Roman Empire-related lists
4905:Wilhelmine Ernestine of Denmark
4472:24 October 1648- 28 August 1680
4192:Sophie Agnes of Hesse-Darmstadt
3474:Louise Juliana of Orange-Nassau
3445:(Friedrich IV. der Aufrichtige)
3095:Magdalene of Jülich-Cleves-Berg
3014:Simmern briefly annexed to the
2891:, son of John II and a staunch
1962:Neumarkt definitely annexed to
258:1061/1064–1085 (in tutelage to
6217:Kleine Geschichte der Kurpfalz
6195:
6033:27 April 1803 - 1 January 1806
5662:Sophie Charlotte of Salm-Dhaun
5580:Caroline of Nassau-Saarbrücken
5487:Caroline of Nassau-Saarbrücken
5401:8 June 1716 - 31 December 1742
5241:Dorothea of Palatinate-Veldenz
5072:2 September 1690 – 8 June 1716
5008:26 May 1685 – 2 September 1690
4533:Elisabeth Hollander von Bernau
4042:Marie Eleonore von Brandenburg
3940:(Friedrich V. der Winterkönig)
3663:Susanna of Palatinate-Sulzbach
3285:(Ludwig VI. der Leichtsinnige)
3251:Dorothea of Brunswick-Lüneburg
2812:Neuburg annexed to Zweibrücken
2693:Frederick II, Elector Palatine
1664:18 May 1410 – 30 December 1436
260:Anno II, archbishop of Cologne
116:counts palatine of Lotharingia
1:
6184:, Count Palatine of the Rhine
6122:Wars of the French Revolution
6002:Wars of the French Revolution
5086:Maria Anna Josepha of Austria
3720:Dorothea of Solms-Sonnenwalde
3214:Dorothea Maria of Württemberg
2855:Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
2723:(Ottheinrich. der Großmütige)
1981:(Friedrich I. der Siegreiche)
1260:) centred around the town of
432:) centred around the town of
385:, heir to the Staufen count.
272:
181:
6777:Counts Palatine of the Rhine
5251:Louise Dorothea von Hoffmann
4890:28 August 1680 – 26 May 1685
4506:(unilateral divorce in 1658)
3784:Maria Joanna of Helffenstein
3055:Charles received Birkenfeld;
2346:(Ludwig V. der Friedfertige)
2246:Joanna of Nassau-Saarbrücken
2173:(Philipp I. der Aufrichtige)
1858:(Ludwig IV. der Sanftmütige)
1778:Catherine of Pomerania-Stolp
1603:6 January 1398 – 18 May 1410
1589:(Ruprecht III. der Gerechte)
1485:County Palatine of the Rhine
1410:County Palatine of the Rhine
1353:County Palatine of the Rhine
1306:County Palatine of the Rhine
1216:County Palatine of the Rhine
1169:County Palatine of the Rhine
1118:County Palatine of the Rhine
606:Simmern-Sponheim (1559-1598)
561:County Palatine of the Rhine
409:Electorate of the Palatinate
325:Hohenstaufen counts palatine
281:County Palatine of the Rhine
120:counts palatine of the Rhine
7:
5560:Eleonore of Hesse-Rotenburg
5100:Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici
4550:Son of Frederick V. By the
3269:Sulzbach annexed to Neuburg
3177:Katharina Sophie of Legnica
2828:(Friedrich III. der Fromme)
457:inner-Wittelsbach contracts
138:who ruled some part of the
10:
6798:
6267:Electors of the Palatinate
5415:Ludwika Karolina Radziwiłł
5145:Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark
4655:Esther Maria von Witzleben
4148:Hedwig of Holstein-Gottorp
3969:Elizabeth of Great Britain
3046:John received Zweibrücken;
3036:Louis VI, Elector Palatine
1819:Joanna of Bavaria-Landshut
1358:Beatrice of Świdnica-Jawor
1041:
982:
872:
811:
776:
747:
700:
657:
568:
559:
406:
124:electors of the Palatinate
6602:Added in the 19th century
6564:Added in the 17th century
6441:
6273:
6090:
6087:
6084:
6081:
6078:
6073:
6054:
6044:
5995:
5967:
5959:
5953:
5946:
5935:
5925:
5742:
5734:
5728:
5721:
5710:
5688:
5586:
5513:
5498:
5485:
5477:
5471:
5464:
5459:
5295:
5278:
5263:
5239:
5231:
5225:
5218:
5213:
4982:
4954:
4946:
4940:
4933:
4922:
4858:
4843:
4834:
4826:
4820:
4813:
4808:
4763:
4525:(morganatic and bigamous)
4514:Marie Luise von Degenfeld
4495:Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel
4439:
4429:
4410:
4398:Anna Marie Elisabeth Hepp
4382:
4374:
4368:
4361:
4356:
4311:
4265:
4212:
4155:
3999:
3840:
3687:
3499:
3417:
3399:
3341:
3267:
3260:
3042:
3012:
2882:
2852:
2844:
2838:
2831:
2817:
2747:
2739:
2733:
2726:
2712:
2699:
2625:
2579:(Friedrich II. der Weise)
2513:
2294:
2152:
2064:
1960:
1843:
1700:
1650:(Ludwig III. der Bärtige)
1510:
1488:
1480:
1474:
1467:
1453:
1436:
1370:Louis IV, Duke of Bavaria
1367:
1322:
1254:
1069:
1020:
941:
869:
840:
824:
798:
783:
769:
734:
669:
641:
636:
620:
426:Louis II of Upper Bavaria
256:Hermann II of Lotharingia
6762:Lists of German nobility
6189:
5201:Son of Charles II. Also
4956:Anna Catherine of Poland
3992:Battle of White Mountain
3729:Juliana of Salm-Grumbach
3533:Elisabeth of Württemberg
2689:Philip, Elector Palatine
1538:(Ruprecht II. der Harte)
381:through the marriage of
294:Siegfried of Ballenstedt
277:Herman II of Lotharingia
228:Hermann I of Lotharingia
6172:His Royal Highness the
5001:Maximilian I of Bavaria
4245:Amalie of Nassau-Siegen
1924:Dorothea of Brandenburg
1415:Anna of Carinthia-Tyrol
1174:Agnes of the Palatinate
1137:Palatinate of the Rhine
318:Hermann III of Stahleck
180:, count of the Bidgau (
134:), the titles of three
6203:Histoire du Luxembourg
6168:Franz, Duke of Bavaria
5964:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
5943:(Maximilian I. Joseph)
5830:Maria Amalia of Saxony
5825:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
5703:
5695:
5614:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
5517:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
5508:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
5282:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
5273:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
5192:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
5140:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
4918:Last of Simmern line.
4747:Maria of Orange-Nassau
4433:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
4424:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
4339:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
3819:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
3090:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
2630:Ursula of Salm-Kyrburg
2554:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
2506:Ursula of Salm-Kyrburg
2458:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
2317:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
2278:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
2095:Palatinate-Zweibrücken
1618:Elisabeth of Nuremberg
1464:(Ruprecht I. der Rote)
501:were elected in 1257:
495:Kurfürst von der Pfalz
455:, in circumvention of
366:Conrad of Hohenstaufen
331:Conrad of Hohenstaufen
306:William of Ballenstedt
250:Henry I of Lotharingia
178:Wigeric of Lotharingia
132:Kurfürst von der Pfalz
131:
6058:Electorate of Bavaria
6048:Electorate of Bavaria
6038:Electorate of Bavaria
6026:Electorate of Bavaria
5929:Electorate of Bavaria
5796:Electorate of Bavaria
5704:Comes Palatinus Rheni
5620:Maria Johanna Camasse
4007:Electorate of Bavaria
2991:Emilie of Württemberg
2322:Amalie of Brandenburg
1135:. Louis obtained the
844:Electorate of Bavaria
240:Otto I of Lotharingia
6201:Kreins, Jean-Marie.
6153:Rhineland-Palatinate
6022:Electoral Palatinate
5858:13/18 September 1745
5792:Electoral Palatinate
5780:Electoral Palatinate
5409:Electoral Palatinate
5080:Electoral Palatinate
5013:Electoral Palatinate
4898:Electoral Palatinate
4767:Electoral Palatinate
4708:Elsa Elisabeth Brahe
4480:Electoral Palatinate
4379:Palatinate-Landsberg
4315:Electoral Palatinate
4082:Magdalene of Bavaria
3988:Emperor Ferdinand II
3962:Electoral Palatinate
3863:Palatinate-Landsberg
3467:Electoral Palatinate
3329:Anne of Ostfriesland
3307:Electoral Palatinate
3142:Neuburg an der Donau
3016:Electoral Palatinate
2913:Electoral Palatinate
2768:Electoral Palatinate
2755:Neuburg an der Donau
2601:Electoral Palatinate
2368:Electoral Palatinate
2195:Electoral Palatinate
2156:Electoral Palatinate
2053:Margaret of Guelders
2003:Electoral Palatinate
1875:Electoral Palatinate
1672:Electoral Palatinate
1611:Electoral Palatinate
1560:Electoral Palatinate
1521:Electoral Palatinate
1043:Electoral Palatinate
1022:Electoral Palatinate
946:Electoral Palatinate
926:Electoral Palatinate
852:Electoral Palatinate
683:Electoral Palatinate
570:Electoral Palatinate
545:House of Wittelsbach
507:Alfonso X of Castile
471:) of the Empire and
373:Welf counts palatine
335:Frederick Barbarossa
312:Henry IV Jasomirgott
288:Heinrich II of Laach
47:improve this article
6105:Maximilian I Joseph
5739:Palatinate-Sulzbach
5696:Pfalzgraf bei Rhein
5546:Palatinate-Sulzbach
5387:(Karl III. Philipp)
5359:Palatinate-Sulzbach
5291:Regency (1704-1711)
5236:Palatinate-Kleeburg
5037:Palatinate-Kleeburg
4980:seventeen children
4690:Palatinate-Kleeburg
4585:Palatinate-Kleeburg
4552:Peace of Westphalia
4240:Palatinate-Sulzbach
4179:Palatinate-Sulzbach
4143:Palatinate-Sulzbach
3916:Catherine of Sweden
3911:Palatinate-Kleeburg
3420:Christian of Anhalt
3386:Elisabeth of Saxony
3209:Palatinate-Sulzbach
2608:Dorothea of Denmark
2202:Margaret of Bavaria
1919:Palatinate-Neumarkt
1773:Palatinate-Neumarkt
1439:Golden Bull of 1356
1123:Ludmilla of Bohemia
556:
503:Richard of Cornwall
459:and thus bypassing
453:Golden Bull of 1356
234:Ezzo of Lotharingia
168:County Palatine of
114:This article lists
6447:
6368:Charles III Philip
5232:17 September 1731
4951:Palatinate-Neuburg
4742:Palatinate-Simmern
4293:Palatinate-Veldenz
4219:Christian Augustus
4195:7/17 November 1624
4077:Palatinate-Neuburg
4037:Palatinate-Simmern
3824:Catherine de Rohan
3650:Palatinate-Veldenz
3614:Palatinate-Veldenz
3574:Palatinate-Veldenz
3528:Palatinate-Veldenz
3373:Palatinate-Simmern
3314:Elisabeth of Hesse
3219:thirteen children
3131:Palatinate-Neuburg
2977:Palatinate-Simmern
2942:Elisabeth of Hesse
2937:Palatinate-Simmern
2870:Amalia of Neuenahr
2849:Palatinate-Simmern
2800:Palatinate-Neuburg
2749:Susanna of Bavaria
2744:Palatinate-Neuburg
2668:Palatinate-Veldenz
2564:thirteen children
2544:26 September 1526
2501:Palatinate-Veldenz
2463:Elisabeth of Hesse
2415:Palatinate-Simmern
2375:Sibylle of Bavaria
2241:Palatinate-Simmern
2139:Palatinate-Mosbach
2048:Palatinate-Simmern
1964:Palatinate-Mosbach
1814:Palatinate-Mosbach
1732:Palatinate-Simmern
1678:Blanche of England
1566:Beatrice of Sicily
1491:Elisabeth of Namur
1443:Holy Roman Emperor
1432:Son of Rudolph I.
1424:Margaret of Sicily
1243:Matilda of Austria
555:
184: 915/916–922)
6729:Holy Roman Empire
6698:
6697:
6693:
6692:
6532:(until 1777)
6386:
6385:
6378:Maximilian Joseph
6136:
6135:
6130:Holy Roman Empire
6110:16 February 1799
6074:Zweibrücken Line
6064:
6063:
6010:Holy Roman Empire
5983:Caroline of Baden
5972:30 September 1785
5938:Maximilian Joseph
5735:16 February 1799
5729:11 December 1724
5718:(Karl IV Theodor)
5686:
5628:
5584:
5490:21 September 1719
5428:Teresa Lubomirska
5302:Frederick Bernard
5293:
4947:2 September 1690
4941:24 November 1615
4930:(Philipp Wilhelm)
4909:20 September 1671
4799:26 September 1658
4750:23 September 1666
4528:thirteen children
4443:Kingdom of France
4413:Kingdom of France
4406:
4393:thirteen children
4289:29 September 1694
4263:
4210:
4188:
4073:14 September 1653
3979:thirteen children
3859:30 September 1645
3847:Frederick Casimir
3685:
3659:
3646:29 September 1654
3623:
3583:
3570:18 September 1611
3497:
3462:19 September 1610
3424:Evangelical Union
3422:, he founded the
3418:With his adviser
3415:
3382:
3139:27 September 1574
3040:
2839:14 February 1515
2740:12 February 1559
2697:
2638:
2527:
2466:10 September 1525
2448:14 September 1502
2249:29 September 1481
2212:fourteen children
2117:the Mathematician
1927:12 September 1445
1882:Margaret of Savoy
1841:
1703:County of Veldenz
1481:16 February 1390
1311:Matilda of Nassau
1276:along the Rhine.
1114:15 September 1231
1060:
1059:
1054:
1033:
1014:
995:
971:
937:
918:Kingdom of France
898:
863:
818:
805:
741:
707:
694:
648:
630:
607:
601:
575:
448:along the Rhine.
392:of Welf 1195–1213
300:Gottfried of Kalw
144:Holy Roman Empire
112:
111:
97:
6789:
6739:
6738:
6727:
6726:
6725:
6715:
6714:
6713:
6706:
6687:
6686:
6680:
6679:
6673:
6672:
6666:
6665:
6659:
6658:
6652:
6651:
6645:
6644:
6638:
6637:
6631:
6630:
6624:
6623:
6617:
6614:
6610:
6609:
6593:
6590:
6586:
6585:
6579:
6576:
6572:
6571:
6555:
6551:
6550:
6544:
6540:
6539:
6533:
6529:
6525:
6524:
6518:
6514:
6513:
6497:
6494:
6490:
6489:
6483:
6480:
6476:
6475:
6469:
6466:
6462:
6461:
6444:
6443:
6436:
6435:
6434:
6425:
6424:
6423:
6413:
6406:
6399:
6390:
6389:
6373:Charles Theodore
6260:
6253:
6246:
6237:
6236:
6231:
6230:
6212:
6206:
6199:
6100:
6071:
6070:
5960:13 October 1825
5951:
5894:10 November 1752
5891:
5833:12 February 1774
5812:
5764:15 February 1795
5726:
5713:Charles Theodore
5678:
5653:10 February 1780
5644:
5626:
5604:6 September 1722
5601:
5576:
5554:15 February 1722
5533:
5478:3 February 1735
5472:7 November 1674
5469:
5431:15 December 1701
5404:31 December 1742
5395:
5349:14 February 1659
5346:
5338:Theodore Eustace
5289:
5223:
5188:30 November 1718
5179:
5130:24 November 1655
5127:
5066:
5058:(Johann Wilhelm)
4974:3 September 1653
4938:
4884:
4839:5 September 1667
4818:
4781:5 September 1625
4695:Elsa Beata Brahe
4677:
4633:21 February 1704
4624:
4581:13 February 1660
4572:
4564:Charles Gustavus
4537:11 December 1679
4499:22 February 1650
4469:22 December 1617
4466:
4458:(Karl I. Ludwig)
4404:
4387:14 November 1645
4369:27 October 1619
4366:
4307:twelve children
4280:
4255:
4227:
4202:
4182:
4130:
4098:11 November 1631
4085:11 November 1613
4064:
4056:Wolfgang William
4027:23 November 1602
4024:
3973:14 February 1613
3957:29 November 1632
3948:
3898:
3882:
3806:
3778:14 November 1630
3766:6 September 1654
3757:
3732:30 November 1641
3723:30 November 1616
3711:25 December 1669
3702:
3679:(1600-1612) and
3673:
3668:eleven children
3666:20 December 1562
3653:
3617:
3604:24 November 1577
3577:
3564:26 November 1575
3561:
3547:eleven children
3515:
3489:
3453:
3430:states in 1608.
3407:
3376:
3360:
3293:
3254:23 November 1590
3242:16 December 1600
3236:4 September 1560
3233:
3217:25 November 1582
3196:
3180:26 February 1587
3168:17 December 1597
3159:
3118:
3077:
3024:
3003:14 December 1589
2982:Julianna of Wied
2964:
2927:20 February 1518
2845:26 October 1576
2836:
2790:12 November 1503
2787:
2731:
2691:(1505-1508) and
2685:
2676:20 December 1562
2655:
2632:(1544-1546) and
2626:
2596:26 December 1556
2587:
2562:24 February 1544
2541:
2519:
2488:
2445:
2420:Beatrix of Baden
2402:
2379:23 February 1511
2354:
2268:26 November 1462
2228:
2190:28 February 1508
2181:
2126:
2109:twelve children
2082:
2044:29 November 1480
2038:19 November 1417
1998:12 December 1476
1989:
1944:(1440–1448), in
1915:5/6 January 1448
1909:26 February 1416
1906:
1833:
1801:
1760:
1728:14 February 1459
1719:
1696:30 November 1417
1692:Matilda of Savoy
1667:30 December 1436
1658:
1597:
1546:
1472:
1447:Elector Palatine
1397:
1340:
1314:1 September 1294
1293:
1274:Lower Palatinate
1266:Upper Palatinate
1221:Maria of Brabant
1203:
1165:29 November 1253
1156:
1108:23 December 1173
1105:
1067:
1066:
1052:
1050:Zweibrücken Line
1046:
1031:
1025:
1012:
1006:
993:
987:
969:
960:
948:
935:
929:
896:
890:
861:
855:
816:
803:
790:
754:
739:
705:
692:
686:
676:
646:
628:
605:
599:
573:
557:
554:
499:kings of Germany
446:Lower Palatinate
438:Upper Palatinate
418:dukes of Bavaria
274:
195:House of Ezzonen
183:
156:Elector Palatine
150:who elected the
107:
104:
98:
96:
55:
27:
19:
6797:
6796:
6792:
6791:
6790:
6788:
6787:
6786:
6757:Lists of counts
6747:
6746:
6745:
6733:
6723:
6721:
6711:
6709:
6701:
6699:
6694:
6689:
6688:
6684:
6677:
6675:
6674:
6670:
6663:
6661:
6660:
6656:
6649:
6647:
6646:
6642:
6635:
6633:
6632:
6628:
6621:
6619:
6618:
6615:
6607:
6605:
6604:
6595:
6594:
6591:
6583:
6581:
6580:
6577:
6569:
6567:
6566:
6557:
6556:
6548:
6546:
6545:
6537:
6535:
6534:
6531:
6522:
6520:
6519:
6511:
6509:
6508:
6499:
6498:
6495:
6487:
6485:
6484:
6481:
6473:
6471:
6470:
6467:
6459:
6457:
6456:
6437:
6432:
6430:
6421:
6419:
6417:
6387:
6382:
6348:Charles I Louis
6269:
6264:
6234:
6227:
6213:
6209:
6200:
6196:
6192:
6174:Duke of Bavaria
6157:Rheinland-Pfalz
6141:
6069:
5993:eight children
5992:
5988:
5986:
5980:
5979:
5977:
5973:
5971:
5941:
5917:
5913:
5912:30 January 1780
5911:
5838:
5834:
5832:
5815:29 October 1746
5769:
5765:
5763:
5757:
5756:
5754:
5750:
5749:17 January 1742
5748:
5716:
5670:
5666:
5664:
5629:
5625:
5623:
5610:5 November 1775
5568:
5564:
5563:21 January 1731
5562:
5558:
5557:
5555:
5553:
5536:23 January 1700
5495:
5491:
5489:
5451:
5447:
5445:
5439:
5438:
5436:
5432:
5430:
5426:
5425:
5423:
5419:
5417:
5398:4 November 1661
5385:
5372:
5368:
5366:
5331:
5327:
5325:
5260:
5256:
5254:
5248:
5247:
5245:
5243:
5153:
5149:
5147:
5109:
5105:
5103:
5097:
5096:
5094:
5092:Wiener Neustadt
5090:
5089:25 October 1678
5088:
5056:
4979:
4975:
4973:
4967:
4966:
4964:
4960:
4958:
4928:
4914:
4910:
4908:
4874:
4841:seven children
4840:
4838:
4800:
4798:
4755:
4751:
4749:
4732:11 October 1640
4716:
4712:
4710:
4706:
4705:
4703:
4699:
4697:
4686:24 October 1689
4680:21 October 1629
4659:
4657:
4653:
4652:
4650:
4646:
4644:
4627:17 October 1638
4598:
4594:
4593:24 October 1654
4592:
4575:8 November 1622
4546:
4542:
4538:
4536:
4530:
4529:
4527:
4523:
4519:
4517:
4511:
4510:
4508:
4504:
4500:
4498:
4483:
4456:
4407:
4403:
4401:
4395:
4394:
4392:
4388:
4386:
4358:Frederick Louis
4348:
4346:
4306:
4302:
4300:
4283:1 February 1625
4249:
4247:
4197:eight children
4196:
4194:
4181:
4175:19 October 1644
4153:seven children
4152:
4150:
4112:
4110:
4106:
4105:
4103:
4099:
4097:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4086:
4084:
4067:4 November 1578
4046:
4045:4 December 1631
4044:
4003:
4002:
3978:
3974:
3972:
3938:
3934:the Winter King
3925:eight children
3924:
3920:
3918:
3884:three children
3883:
3876:
3872:
3870:
3838:seven children
3837:
3835:
3831:
3830:
3828:
3826:
3788:
3787:28 October 1648
3786:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3777:
3760:3 November 1598
3742:
3740:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3722:
3667:
3665:
3652:
3616:
3610:24 October 1601
3591:
3589:
3576:
3546:
3544:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3536:30 October 1586
3535:
3518:6 February 1564
3507:George Gustavus
3484:eight children
3483:
3479:
3477:
3443:
3394:
3390:
3388:
3375:
3369:16 January 1592
3338:
3334:
3332:
3326:
3325:
3324:twelve children
3323:
3319:
3317:
3302:22 October 1583
3283:
3255:
3253:
3218:
3216:
3182:three children
3181:
3179:
3145:eight children
3144:
3140:
3138:
3103:
3099:
3097:
3004:
3002:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2985:30 January 1569
2984:
2973:13 January 1598
2946:
2944:
2879:
2875:
2873:
2867:
2866:
2865:eleven children
2864:
2860:
2859:21 October 1537
2858:
2826:
2757:
2753:
2752:16 October 1529
2751:
2721:
2717:the Magnanimous
2678:eleven children
2677:
2675:
2617:
2613:
2611:
2590:9 December 1482
2577:
2563:
2561:
2511:three children
2510:
2508:
2471:
2467:
2465:
2454:3 December 1532
2425:twelve children
2424:
2422:
2384:
2380:
2378:
2344:
2330:
2326:
2324:
2291:
2287:
2285:
2274:21 October 1514
2250:
2248:
2237:27 January 1509
2211:
2207:
2205:
2171:
2108:
2104:
2102:
2100:Johanna de Croÿ
2061:
2057:
2055:
2019:
2015:
2013:
1979:
1932:
1928:
1926:
1891:
1887:
1886:18 October 1445
1885:
1856:
1828:eight children
1827:
1823:
1821:
1787:seven children
1786:
1782:
1780:
1746:eight children
1745:
1741:
1739:
1737:Anna of Veldenz
1697:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1682:
1680:
1661:23 January 1378
1648:
1633:King of Germany
1627:
1623:
1621:
1587:
1570:
1568:
1536:
1507:
1505:
1502:Beatrix of Berg
1499:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1462:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1378:Treaty of Pavia
1362:
1361:14 October 1308
1360:
1349:11 October 1347
1319:
1315:
1313:
1247:
1246:24 October 1273
1245:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1223:
1212:2 February 1294
1183:eleven children
1182:
1178:
1176:
1147:the Illustrious
1127:
1125:
1065:
1063:Table of rulers
1055:
1048:
1045:
1034:
1027:
1024:
1015:
1010:Birkenfeld Line
1008:
1005:
996:
994:, 2nd creation)
989:
986:
972:
970:, 1st creation)
962:
959:
950:
944:
938:
931:
928:
916:Annexed to the
899:
892:
889:
880:
877:
875:
864:
862:, 2nd creation)
857:
854:
832:
829:
827:
819:
815:
806:
802:
786:
780:
773:
756:
750:
742:
738:
731:
728:
719:
716:
714:
708:
704:
695:
693:, 1st creation)
688:
685:
672:
661:
649:
645:
631:
627:
615:
604:
602:
598:
588:
576:
572:
563:
553:
548:
411:
405:
398:of Welf 1213–14
375:
355:Salian Emperors
327:
269:
197:
164:
148:prince-electors
136:counts palatine
108:
102:
99:
56:
54:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6795:
6785:
6784:
6779:
6774:
6769:
6764:
6759:
6744:
6743:
6731:
6719:
6696:
6695:
6691:
6690:
6600:
6599:
6598:
6596:
6562:
6561:
6560:
6558:
6504:
6503:
6502:
6500:
6452:
6451:
6450:
6448:
6442:
6439:
6438:
6416:
6415:
6408:
6401:
6393:
6384:
6383:
6381:
6380:
6375:
6370:
6365:
6360:
6358:Philip William
6355:
6350:
6345:
6340:
6335:
6330:
6325:
6320:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6300:
6295:
6290:
6285:
6280:
6274:
6271:
6270:
6263:
6262:
6255:
6248:
6240:
6233:
6232:
6225:
6207:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6145:prince-elector
6140:
6137:
6134:
6133:
6114:
6113:27 April 1803
6111:
6108:
6101:
6093:
6092:
6089:
6086:
6083:
6080:
6076:
6075:
6068:
6065:
6062:
6061:
6052:
6051:
6042:
6041:
6034:
6030:
6029:
6018:
6014:
6013:
5994:
5966:
5961:
5958:
5955:
5952:
5945:
5933:
5932:
5923:
5922:
5919:
5918:three children
5906:
5901:
5900:8 January 1837
5898:
5895:
5892:
5885:
5879:
5878:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5862:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5848:
5847:
5840:
5827:
5822:
5819:
5816:
5813:
5806:
5804:Charles August
5800:
5799:
5788:
5784:
5783:
5776:
5772:
5771:
5741:
5736:
5733:
5730:
5727:
5720:
5708:
5707:
5687:
5675:
5674:
5672:
5671:eight children
5659:
5654:
5651:
5648:
5645:
5638:
5632:
5631:
5616:
5611:
5608:
5605:
5602:
5595:
5589:
5588:
5585:
5573:
5572:
5570:
5548:
5543:
5540:
5537:
5534:
5527:
5525:John Christian
5521:
5520:
5511:
5510:
5505:
5501:
5500:
5497:
5496:four children
5484:
5479:
5476:
5473:
5470:
5463:
5457:
5456:
5453:
5418:10 August 1688
5412:
5405:
5402:
5399:
5396:
5389:
5382:Charles Philip
5377:
5376:
5374:
5361:
5356:
5353:
5350:
5347:
5340:
5334:
5333:
5320:
5315:
5312:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5298:
5297:
5294:
5286:
5285:
5276:
5275:
5270:
5266:
5265:
5262:
5238:
5233:
5230:
5227:
5226:12 April 1670
5224:
5217:
5211:
5210:
5203:King of Sweden
5199:
5194:
5189:
5186:
5183:
5180:
5173:
5167:
5166:
5159:King of Sweden
5155:
5154:seven children
5142:
5137:
5134:
5131:
5128:
5121:
5115:
5114:
5111:
5083:
5076:
5073:
5070:
5067:
5060:
5048:
5047:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5031:
5028:
5027:21 August 1666
5025:
5023:
5021:Adolph John II
5017:
5016:
5009:
5005:
5004:
4991:(also Duke of
4985:Philip William
4981:
4977:Bad Schwalbach
4953:
4948:
4945:
4942:
4939:
4932:
4925:Philip William
4920:
4919:
4916:
4901:
4894:
4891:
4888:
4885:
4878:
4866:
4865:
4856:
4855:
4850:
4846:
4845:
4842:
4833:
4828:
4827:26 April 1717
4825:
4822:
4819:
4812:
4806:
4805:
4802:
4801:three children
4793:
4788:
4785:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4771:
4770:
4761:
4760:
4757:
4744:
4739:
4738:3 January 1674
4736:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4722:
4721:
4718:
4692:
4687:
4684:
4681:
4678:
4671:
4665:
4664:
4661:
4639:
4634:
4631:
4628:
4625:
4618:
4612:
4611:
4604:King of Sweden
4600:
4587:
4582:
4579:
4576:
4573:
4566:
4560:
4559:
4548:
4518:6 January 1658
4509:three children
4491:
4476:
4475:28 August 1680
4473:
4470:
4467:
4460:
4448:
4447:
4437:
4436:
4427:
4426:
4421:
4417:
4416:
4409:
4408:five children
4402:21 August 1672
4381:
4376:
4375:11 April 1681
4373:
4370:
4367:
4360:
4354:
4353:
4350:
4341:
4336:
4333:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4319:
4318:
4309:
4308:
4295:
4290:
4287:
4284:
4281:
4274:
4268:
4267:
4264:
4252:
4251:
4250:five children
4242:
4237:
4234:
4231:
4228:
4221:
4215:
4214:
4211:
4199:
4198:
4189:
4176:
4173:
4170:
4169:23 August 1587
4167:
4165:
4163:John Frederick
4159:
4158:
4154:
4145:
4140:
4139:14 August 1632
4137:
4134:
4133:2 October 1582
4131:
4124:
4118:
4117:
4114:
4079:
4074:
4071:
4068:
4065:
4058:
4052:
4051:
4048:
4047:seven children
4039:
4034:
4033:6 January 1655
4031:
4028:
4025:
4018:
4012:
4011:
3997:
3996:
3980:
3965:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3951:26 August 1596
3949:
3942:
3927:
3926:
3913:
3908:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3892:
3886:
3885:
3865:
3860:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3843:
3842:
3839:
3827:26 August 1604
3821:
3816:
3813:
3810:
3807:
3800:
3791:
3790:
3772:
3767:
3764:
3761:
3758:
3751:
3745:
3744:
3717:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3696:
3694:George William
3690:
3689:
3686:
3670:
3669:
3660:
3647:
3644:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3634:George John II
3630:
3629:
3624:
3611:
3608:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3598:Louis Philip I
3594:
3593:
3584:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3530:
3525:
3522:
3519:
3516:
3509:
3503:
3502:
3498:
3493:Anna of Sweden
3486:
3485:
3470:
3463:
3460:
3457:
3454:
3447:
3432:
3431:
3416:
3404:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3383:
3370:
3367:
3364:
3361:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3340:
3310:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3294:
3287:
3272:
3271:
3265:
3264:
3258:
3257:
3256:four children
3248:
3243:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3211:
3206:
3205:29 August 1604
3203:
3200:
3197:
3190:
3184:
3183:
3174:
3169:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3136:Anna of Cleves
3133:
3128:
3127:22 August 1614
3125:
3122:
3121:2 October 1547
3119:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3104:nine children
3101:Bad Bergzabern
3092:
3087:
3086:12 August 1604
3084:
3081:
3078:
3071:
3062:
3061:
3060:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3041:
3021:
3020:
3010:
3009:
3006:
2979:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2965:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2948:
2945:9 January 1541
2939:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2917:
2916:
2909:
2905:
2904:
2881:
2851:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2830:
2820:Frederick III
2815:
2814:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2788:
2781:
2772:
2771:
2764:
2760:
2759:
2746:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2734:10 April 1502
2732:
2725:
2710:
2709:
2698:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2673:Anna of Sweden
2670:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2649:
2644:George John I
2640:
2639:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2604:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2581:
2566:
2565:
2556:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2516:
2515:
2512:
2503:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2460:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2446:
2439:
2430:
2429:
2426:
2417:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2396:
2390:
2389:
2386:
2371:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2348:
2333:
2332:
2319:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2293:
2280:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2251:three children
2243:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2198:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2175:
2160:
2159:
2150:
2149:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2120:
2111:
2110:
2097:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2076:
2067:
2066:
2063:
2050:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2006:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1983:
1975:the Victorious
1968:
1967:
1958:
1957:
1934:
1921:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1878:
1871:
1870:13 August 1449
1868:
1865:
1864:1 January 1424
1862:
1860:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1830:
1829:
1816:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1804:24 August 1390
1802:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1781:15 August 1407
1775:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1754:
1748:
1747:
1734:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1699:
1698:five children
1675:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1652:
1637:
1636:
1629:
1628:seven children
1614:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1591:
1576:
1575:
1572:
1571:seven children
1563:
1556:
1555:6 January 1398
1553:
1550:
1547:
1540:
1525:
1524:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1487:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1466:
1451:
1450:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1412:
1407:
1406:4 October 1353
1404:
1401:
1398:
1391:
1382:
1381:
1365:
1364:
1355:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1334:
1325:
1324:
1321:
1308:
1303:
1302:12 August 1319
1300:
1297:
1296:4 October 1274
1294:
1287:
1278:
1277:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1234:Anna of Głogów
1218:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1197:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1171:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1150:
1141:
1140:
1129:
1120:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1099:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1039:
1038:
1036:
1018:
1017:
999:
998:
980:
979:
975:
974:
953:
952:
940:
922:
921:
912:
911:
907:
906:
902:
901:
894:Landsberg Line
883:
882:
871:
867:
866:
848:
847:
838:
837:
834:
822:
821:
817:(2nd creation)
809:
808:
804:(2nd creation)
797:
793:
792:
782:
775:
768:
764:
763:
759:
758:
745:
744:
740:(1st creation)
733:
724:
721:
710:
706:(2nd creation)
698:
697:
679:
678:
667:
666:
663:
655:
654:
651:
647:(1st creation)
639:
638:
634:
633:
622:
618:
617:
609:
608:
600:(1st creation)
593:
590:
583:
579:
578:
566:
565:
552:
549:
547:
542:
540:in the 1550s.
518:Kaiserslautern
478:Reichsverweser
473:Imperial Vicar
407:Main article:
404:
401:
400:
399:
393:
374:
371:
370:
369:
326:
323:
322:
321:
315:
309:
303:
297:
291:
268:
265:
264:
263:
253:
252:1045–1060/1061
247:
244:Duke of Swabia
237:
231:
196:
193:
192:
191:
185:
163:
160:
110:
109:
45:. Please help
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6794:
6783:
6780:
6778:
6775:
6773:
6770:
6768:
6765:
6763:
6760:
6758:
6755:
6754:
6752:
6742:
6737:
6732:
6730:
6720:
6718:
6708:
6707:
6704:
6683:
6669:
6655:
6641:
6627:
6613:
6603:
6597:
6589:
6575:
6565:
6559:
6554:
6543:
6528:
6517:
6507:
6501:
6493:
6479:
6465:
6455:
6449:
6446:
6445:
6440:
6428:
6414:
6409:
6407:
6402:
6400:
6395:
6394:
6391:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6328:Frederick III
6326:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6275:
6272:
6268:
6261:
6256:
6254:
6249:
6247:
6242:
6241:
6238:
6228:
6226:3-7650-8329-1
6222:
6218:
6211:
6204:
6198:
6194:
6187:
6185:
6183:
6179:
6175:
6169:
6165:
6160:
6158:
6154:
6150:
6146:
6139:Later history
6131:
6127:
6123:
6119:
6115:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6106:
6102:
6099:
6095:
6094:
6077:
6072:
6060:
6059:
6053:
6050:
6049:
6043:
6040:
6039:
6035:
6032:
6031:
6028:
6027:
6023:
6019:
6016:
6015:
6011:
6007:
6003:
5999:
5991:
5985:
5984:
5978:five children
5976:
5970:
5965:
5962:
5956:
5950:
5944:
5940:
5939:
5934:
5931:
5930:
5924:
5920:
5916:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5899:
5896:
5893:
5890:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5880:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:31 March 1789
5863:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5849:
5845:
5841:
5837:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5820:
5817:
5814:
5811:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5801:
5798:
5797:
5793:
5789:
5786:
5785:
5782:
5781:
5777:
5774:
5773:
5768:
5762:
5761:
5753:
5747:
5746:
5740:
5737:
5731:
5725:
5719:
5715:
5714:
5709:
5705:
5701:
5697:
5693:
5685:
5683:
5676:
5673:
5669:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5652:
5649:
5646:
5643:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5633:
5630:six children
5622:
5621:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5609:
5606:
5603:
5600:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5590:
5583:
5581:
5574:
5571:
5567:
5561:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5541:
5538:
5535:
5532:
5528:
5526:
5523:
5522:
5519:
5518:
5512:
5509:
5506:
5503:
5502:
5494:
5488:
5483:
5480:
5474:
5468:
5462:
5461:Christian III
5458:
5454:
5450:
5444:
5443:
5435:
5429:
5424:four children
5422:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5410:
5406:
5403:
5400:
5397:
5394:
5390:
5388:
5384:
5383:
5379:
5378:
5375:
5373:nine children
5371:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5354:
5351:
5348:
5345:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5335:
5332:two children
5330:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:5 August 1739
5313:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5299:
5292:
5287:
5284:
5283:
5277:
5274:
5271:
5268:
5267:
5259:
5253:
5252:
5242:
5237:
5234:
5228:
5222:
5216:
5212:
5208:
5204:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5187:
5184:
5181:
5178:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5168:
5164:
5160:
5156:
5152:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5135:
5132:
5129:
5126:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5116:
5112:
5108:
5102:
5101:
5093:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5081:
5077:
5074:
5071:
5069:19 April 1658
5068:
5065:
5061:
5059:
5055:
5054:
5050:
5049:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:27 April 1701
5032:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5018:
5015:
5014:
5010:
5007:
5006:
5002:
4998:
4994:
4990:
4986:
4978:
4972:
4971:
4963:
4957:
4952:
4949:
4943:
4937:
4931:
4927:
4926:
4921:
4917:
4913:
4907:
4906:
4902:
4900:
4899:
4895:
4892:
4889:
4887:10 April 1651
4886:
4883:
4879:
4877:
4873:
4872:
4868:
4867:
4864:
4863:
4857:
4854:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4837:
4832:
4829:
4823:
4821:22 June 1637
4817:
4811:
4807:
4803:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:30 March 1671
4786:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4772:
4769:
4768:
4762:
4758:
4754:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4737:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4723:
4719:
4717:nine children
4715:
4709:
4702:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4685:
4682:
4679:
4676:
4672:
4670:
4669:Adolph John I
4667:
4666:
4662:
4660:five children
4656:
4649:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4632:
4629:
4626:
4623:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4613:
4609:
4605:
4601:
4597:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4580:
4577:
4574:
4571:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4561:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4545:
4541:
4535:
4534:
4526:
4522:
4516:
4515:
4507:
4503:
4497:
4496:
4492:
4490:
4488:
4482:
4481:
4477:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4461:
4459:
4455:
4454:
4453:Charles Louis
4450:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4438:
4435:
4434:
4428:
4425:
4422:
4419:
4418:
4414:
4400:
4399:
4391:
4385:
4380:
4377:
4371:
4365:
4359:
4355:
4351:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4334:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4320:
4317:
4316:
4310:
4305:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4282:
4279:
4275:
4273:
4272:Leopold Louis
4270:
4269:
4262:
4260:
4253:
4248:27 March 1649
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4235:
4232:
4229:
4226:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4216:
4209:
4207:
4200:
4193:
4190:
4186:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4160:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4138:
4135:
4132:
4129:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4115:
4109:
4102:
4096:
4089:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4072:
4069:
4066:
4063:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4049:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4032:
4029:
4026:
4023:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4010:
4008:
3998:
3993:
3989:
3985:
3981:
3977:
3971:
3970:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3947:
3943:
3941:
3937:
3936:
3935:
3929:
3928:
3923:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3906:
3903:
3901:20 April 1589
3900:
3897:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3880:
3875:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3834:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:9 August 1635
3814:
3811:
3809:26 March 1584
3808:
3805:
3801:
3799:
3798:
3793:
3792:
3785:
3780:nine children
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3765:
3762:
3759:
3756:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3746:
3739:
3730:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3710:
3707:
3705:6 August 1591
3704:
3701:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3691:
3684:
3682:
3678:
3671:
3664:
3661:
3657:
3651:
3648:
3645:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3628:
3625:
3621:
3615:
3612:
3609:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3588:
3585:
3581:
3575:
3572:
3569:
3566:
3563:
3560:
3556:
3554:
3553:John Augustus
3551:
3550:
3543:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3523:
3520:
3517:
3514:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3496:
3494:
3487:
3482:
3476:
3475:
3471:
3469:
3468:
3464:
3461:
3458:
3455:
3452:
3448:
3446:
3442:
3441:
3440:
3439:the Righteous
3437:Frederick IV
3434:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3421:
3414:
3412:
3405:
3402:
3398:
3393:
3387:
3384:
3380:
3374:
3371:
3368:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3345:
3337:
3331:
3330:
3322:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3304:
3301:
3298:
3295:
3292:
3288:
3286:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3274:
3273:
3270:
3266:
3263:
3259:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3204:
3201:
3198:
3195:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3167:
3164:
3162:11 April 1557
3161:
3158:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3143:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3120:
3117:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3064:
3063:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3044:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3028:Anna of Hesse
3022:
3019:
3017:
3011:
3007:
3001:
2994:26 March 1578
2992:
2987:four children
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2915:
2914:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2885:Frederick III
2878:
2874:25 April 1569
2872:
2871:
2863:
2857:
2856:
2850:
2847:
2841:
2835:
2829:
2825:
2824:
2823:
2816:
2813:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2782:
2780:
2779:
2774:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2756:
2750:
2745:
2742:
2736:
2730:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2696:
2694:
2690:
2687:Regencies of
2683:
2680:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:18 April 1592
2663:
2660:
2658:11 April 1543
2657:
2654:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2642:
2641:
2637:
2635:
2631:
2628:Regencies of
2624:
2620:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2575:
2574:
2571:Frederick II
2568:
2567:
2560:
2559:Anna of Hesse
2557:
2555:
2552:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2524:
2517:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2490:
2487:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2474:
2470:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2407:
2405:21 March 1492
2404:
2401:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2372:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2363:16 March 1544
2362:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2342:
2341:
2335:
2334:
2329:
2325:19 April 1478
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2312:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2292:six children
2290:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2262:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2227:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2214:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2151:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2121:
2119:
2118:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2103:20 March 1454
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2068:
2062:ten children
2060:
2056:6 August 1454
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1992:1 August 1425
1991:
1988:
1984:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1901:
1899:
1898:Christopher I
1896:
1895:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1854:
1853:
1847:
1846:
1840:
1838:
1831:
1826:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:14 March 1443
1768:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1744:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1694:
1693:
1685:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1651:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1635:(1400–1410).
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:27 June 1374
1620:
1619:
1615:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1585:
1584:
1583:the Righteous
1578:
1577:
1573:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1534:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1504:
1503:
1493:
1492:
1486:
1483:
1477:
1471:
1465:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1435:
1431:
1425:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1400:8 August 1306
1399:
1396:
1392:
1390:
1389:
1384:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1366:
1363:six children
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1326:
1320:six children
1318:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1288:
1286:
1285:
1284:the Stammerer
1280:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1253:
1250:
1248:four children
1244:
1235:
1228:
1224:2 August 1254
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1206:13 April 1229
1205:
1202:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1149:
1148:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1100:
1098:
1097:
1096:the Kelheimer
1092:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1068:
1051:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1030:
1029:Sulzbach Line
1023:
1019:
1011:
1004:
1000:
992:
991:Kleeburg Line
985:
981:
976:
968:
967:Kleeburg Line
966:
958:
954:
949:
947:
934:
927:
923:
920:
919:
913:
908:
903:
895:
888:
884:
879:
868:
860:
853:
849:
846:
845:
839:
831:
823:
814:
810:
801:
794:
791:
789:
779:
772:
765:
760:
755:
753:
746:
737:
730:
718:
715:-Vohenstrauss
711:
703:
699:
691:
684:
680:
677:
675:
668:
660:
656:
644:
640:
635:
626:
619:
614:
610:
597:
591:
587:
584:
580:
571:
567:
562:
558:
546:
541:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
510:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
479:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
449:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
416:
410:
397:
394:
391:
388:
387:
386:
384:
380:
379:House of Welf
367:
364:
363:
362:
360:
356:
352:
351:Franche-Comté
348:
344:
340:
339:Hohenstaufens
336:
332:
319:
316:
313:
310:
307:
304:
301:
298:
295:
292:
289:
286:
285:
284:
282:
278:
261:
257:
254:
251:
248:
245:
241:
238:
235:
232:
229:
226:
225:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
189:
186:
179:
176:
175:
174:
172:
171:
159:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
106:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64: –
63:
59:
58:Find sources:
52:
48:
44:
38:
37:
36:single source
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
6601:
6563:
6505:
6496:(until 1803)
6482:(until 1803)
6468:(until 1803)
6453:
6363:John William
6338:Frederick IV
6318:Frederick II
6216:
6210:
6202:
6197:
6171:
6161:
6156:
6149:World War II
6142:
6103:
6055:
6045:
6036:
6020:
5987:9 March 1797
5981:
5954:27 May 1756
5942:
5936:
5926:
5872:
5852:Charles John
5821:1 April 1795
5790:
5778:
5770:no children
5758:
5743:
5717:
5711:
5679:
5627:(morganatic)
5618:
5593:Christian IV
5577:
5556:two children
5542:20 July 1733
5514:
5449:(morganatic)
5448:
5440:
5437:two children
5407:
5386:
5380:
5355:11 July 1732
5290:
5279:
5261:no children
5258:(morganatic)
5257:
5249:
5244:10 July 1707
5206:
5196:
5182:17 June 1682
5162:
5136:5 April 1697
5098:
5095:two children
5078:
5057:
5053:John William
5051:
5041:
5011:
4968:
4929:
4923:
4903:
4896:
4875:
4869:
4859:
4810:Christian II
4775:Charles Otto
4764:
4698:19 June 1649
4658:28 July 1696
4616:John Charles
4607:
4555:
4544:(morganatic)
4543:
4531:
4524:
4521:Schwetzingen
4512:
4505:
4493:
4487:Simmern line
4484:
4478:
4457:
4451:
4440:
4430:
4405:(morganatic)
4396:
4349:ten children
4347:6 April 1640
4329:5 April 1619
4312:
4256:
4236:23 July 1708
4230:26 July 1622
4203:
4185:Hilpoltstein
4151:17 July 1620
4104:two children
4016:Louis Philip
4004:
3967:
3960:
3939:
3933:
3932:Frederick V
3930:
3919:11 June 1615
3907:18 June 1652
3890:John Casimir
3853:10 June 1585
3796:
3743:no children
3741:8 March 1649
3725:six children
3674:
3640:24 June 1586
3626:
3592:no children
3490:
3478:23 June 1593
3472:
3465:
3456:5 March 1574
3444:
3438:
3435:
3408:
3400:
3395:no children
3363:7 March 1543
3352:John Casimir
3339:no children
3333:12 July 1583
3327:
3312:
3305:
3284:
3279:the Careless
3278:
3275:
3268:
3261:
3199:22 July 1567
3110:Philip Louis
3067:
3025:
3013:
2967:25 July 1521
2911:
2880:no children
2868:
2853:
2827:
2821:
2818:
2811:
2804:
2777:
2766:
2758:no children
2722:
2716:
2713:
2706:Landshut War
2700:Children of
2686:
2645:
2627:
2606:
2599:
2578:
2572:
2569:
2550:11 June 1569
2520:
2509:23 June 1537
2497:28 July 1544
2472:two children
2435:
2373:
2366:
2345:
2339:
2336:
2331:no children
2307:11 July 1459
2260:
2259:Alexander I
2200:
2193:
2184:14 July 1448
2172:
2166:
2163:
2153:
2143:
2135:8 April 1499
2129:26 June 1435
2116:
2091:19 July 1489
2072:
2030:
2029:Frederick I
2020:two children
2017:(morganatic)
2016:
2008:
2001:
1980:
1974:
1973:Frederick I
1971:
1961:
1942:Kalmar Union
1880:
1873:
1857:
1851:
1848:
1834:
1822:January 1430
1740:10 June 1410
1722:23 June 1385
1690:
1687:no children
1670:
1649:
1643:
1640:
1616:
1609:
1588:
1582:
1579:
1558:
1537:
1531:
1528:
1519:
1508:no children
1500:
1495:1350 or 1358
1489:
1475:9 June 1309
1463:
1457:
1454:
1446:
1387:
1343:5 April 1282
1331:the Bavarian
1330:
1283:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1257:
1239:two children
1226:
1193:
1159:7 April 1206
1146:
1095:
1056:(1799-1803)
1049:
1042:
1035:(1742-1799)
1028:
1021:
1016:(1731-1799)
1009:
1002:
997:(1718-1731)
990:
983:
973:(1693-1718)
963:
956:
951:(1685-1694)
945:
942:
939:(1685-1742)
933:Neuburg Line
932:
925:
915:
900:(1661-1677)
893:
886:
881:(1654-1799)
873:
865:(1648-1685)
859:Simmern Line
858:
851:
842:Part of the
841:
833:(1615-1671)
830:-Bischweiler
825:
820:(1614-1742)
812:
807:(1610-1674)
799:
787:
784:
781:(1604-1718)
777:
774:(1604-1661)
770:
757:(1597-1684)
751:
748:
743:(1569-1604)
735:
732:(1569-1731)
726:
720:(1569-1597)
712:
709:(1569-1685)
701:
696:(1559-1623)
690:Simmern Line
689:
682:
673:
670:
662:(1543-1694)
658:
650:(1505-1557)
642:
632:(1459-1661)
624:
616:(1410-1490)
612:
595:
589:(1410-1448)
585:
577:(1356-1559)
569:
564:(1214-1356)
560:
511:
494:
476:
468:
450:
445:
441:
437:
429:
412:
376:
328:
280:
270:
198:
167:
165:
140:Rhine region
123:
119:
115:
113:
103:October 2022
100:
90:
83:
76:
69:
57:
33:
6685:(1803–1806)
6671:(1803–1806)
6657:(1803–1806)
6654:Württemberg
6643:(1805–1806)
6629:(1803–1805)
6616:(1803–1806)
6553:Brandenburg
6343:Frederick V
6303:Frederick I
6164:Wittelsbach
6118:Zweibrücken
5998:Zweibrücken
5839:no children
5684:(1733-1738)
5680:Regency of
5647:24 May 1698
5582:(1735-1740)
5578:Regency of
5569:no children
5452:no children
5367:6 June 1692
5326:30 May 1737
5308:28 May 1697
5255:13 May 1723
5246:no children
5207:Charles XII
5119:Charles III
5110:no children
5075:8 June 1716
4965:no children
4959:8 June 1642
4915:no children
4893:26 May 1685
4756:no children
4726:Louis Henry
4648:Weikersheim
4540:Vohenstrauß
4445:(1677–1693)
4335:9 July 1661
4323:Frederick I
4304:Bischweiler
4301:4 July 1648
4261:(1634-1639)
4257:Regency of
4208:(1632-1636)
4204:Regency of
4113:no children
4111:3 June 1651
4101:Blieskastel
4009:(1623–1648)
3877: [
3871:4 July 1616
3836:13 May 1612
3797:the Younger
3749:Christian I
3734:no children
3683:(1600-1604)
3675:Regency of
3580:Lützelstein
3545:17 May 1601
3538:no children
3524:3 June 1634
3495:(1592-1598)
3491:Regency of
3413:(1583-1592)
3409:Regency of
3389:4 June 1570
3318:8 July 1560
3296:4 July 1539
3151:Frederick I
3038:(1569-1574)
3026:Regency of
3018:(1598–1610)
3005:no children
2996:no children
2933:17 May 1569
2897:Netherlands
2796:4 July 1548
2778:the Warlike
2715:Otto Henry
2695:(1508-1516)
2636:(1544-1560)
2618:no children
2612:18 May 1535
2525:(1532-1543)
2521:Regency of
2436:the Younger
2423:22 May 1508
2411:18 May 1557
2385:no children
2357:2 July 1478
2340:the Pacific
2328:Zweibrücken
2289:Zweibrücken
2231:15 May 1459
2167:the Upright
1933:no children
1839:(1436-1442)
1835:Regency of
1810:5 July 1461
1681:6 July 1402
1644:the Bearded
1606:18 May 1410
1581:Robert III
1549:12 May 1325
1497:no children
1429:no children
1386:Rudolph II
1230:no children
1082:Ruling part
1003:Zweibrücken
984:Zweibrücken
957:Zweibrücken
887:Zweibrücken
878:-Gelnhausen
876:-Birkenfeld
874:Zweibrücken
828:-Birkenfeld
826:Zweibrücken
729:-Birkenfeld
727:Zweibrücken
713:Zweibrücken
674:Zweibrücken
629:(Main line)
625:Zweibrücken
603:(1410-1598)
574:(Main line)
522:Zweibrücken
469:Erztruchseß
465:electorates
415:Wittelsbach
359:Saarbrücken
262:until 1064)
242:1034–1045 (
170:Lotharingia
6751:Categories
6612:Regensburg
6527:Palatinate
6353:Charles II
6323:Otto Henry
6288:Rupert III
6176:, Duke of
5957:1795-1799
5732:1733-1742
5475:1717–1731
5229:1701–1718
5171:Charles IV
5163:Charles XI
5148:6 May 1680
5104:6 May 1691
4944:1653–1685
4912:Heidelberg
4871:Charles II
4824:1654–1671
4608:Charles X)
4390:Düsseldorf
4372:1645–1661
3789:one child
3481:Dillenburg
3428:Protestant
3392:Heidelberg
3336:Heidelberg
3188:Otto Henry
3124:1569–1614
3080:8 May 1550
2877:Heidelberg
2842:1557–1559
2737:1505-1557
2646:the Astute
2615:Heidelberg
2382:Heidelberg
2106:Luxembourg
2010:Clara Tott
1930:Copenhagen
1892:one child
1889:Heidelberg
1825:Burghausen
1743:Heidelberg
1642:Louis III
1600:5 May 1352
1530:Robert II
1478:1353–1356
1282:Rudolph I
1227:(executed)
1194:the Strict
717:-Parkstein
534:Heidelberg
246:1045–1047)
73:newspapers
6717:Biography
6454:Spiritual
6293:Louis III
6283:Rupert II
6178:Franconia
6155:(German:
5990:Karlsruhe
5975:Darmstadt
5897:1789–1799
5873:Unmarried
5861:1780–1789
5818:1775–1795
5767:Innsbruck
5755:one child
5650:1739–1780
5607:1735–1775
5539:1732–1733
5504:1731–1735
5493:Lorentzen
5352:1708–1732
5311:1704–1739
5269:1718–1731
5197:Unmarried
5185:1697–1718
5133:1693–1697
5107:Innsbruck
5042:Unmarried
5030:1689–1701
4876:(Karl II)
4849:1671–1717
4784:1669–1671
4735:1655–1674
4714:Stockholm
4704:one child
4701:Stockholm
4683:1654–1689
4651:one child
4630:1654–1704
4599:one child
4596:Stockholm
4578:1652–1654
4547:one child
4489:restored)
4420:1661–1677
4332:1635–1661
4286:1634–1694
4233:1632–1708
4172:1614–1644
4136:1614–1632
4091:one child
4070:1614–1653
4030:1610–1655
3922:Stockholm
3904:1604–1652
3874:Landsberg
3856:1604–1645
3829:one child
3812:1604–1635
3763:1615–1654
3708:1608–1669
3656:Gutenberg
3643:1598–1654
3627:Unmarried
3620:Gutenberg
3607:1598–1601
3567:1598–1611
3521:1598–1634
3366:1576-1592
3277:Louis VI
3239:1569–1600
3225:Charles I
3202:1569–1604
3165:1569–1597
3083:1569–1604
2970:1569–1598
2947:one child
2930:1559–1569
2893:Calvinist
2862:Kreuznach
2822:the Pious
2805:Unmarried
2793:1505–1541
2776:Philip I
2661:1560–1592
2547:1532–1569
2494:1532–1544
2451:1514–1532
2434:Louis II
2408:1509–1557
2310:1489–1490
2271:1489–1514
2234:1480–1509
2165:Philip I
2144:Unmarried
2132:1461–1490
2088:1459–1489
2073:the Black
2041:1459–1480
2031:the Pious
1912:1443–1448
1850:Louis IV
1807:1410–1461
1766:1410–1443
1725:1410–1459
1711:Stephen I
1456:Robert I
1420:one child
1403:1329–1353
1388:the Blind
1368:In 1327,
1346:1294–1329
1329:Louis IV
1317:Nuremberg
1299:1294–1317
1270:Oberpfalz
1209:1253–1294
1192:Louis II
1162:1231–1253
1128:one child
1111:1214–1231
771:Landsberg
538:Calvinism
483:Franconia
442:Oberpfalz
343:Franconia
296:1095–1113
43:talk page
6741:Monarchy
6640:Würzburg
6626:Salzburg
6427:Electors
6333:Louis VI
6298:Louis IV
6278:Rupert I
5915:Mannheim
5752:Mannheim
5566:Mannheim
5370:Lobositz
5215:Gustavus
5151:Skottorp
4122:Augustus
3795:John II
3068:the Lame
2573:the Wise
2533:Wolfgang
2480:Robert I
2338:Louis V
2261:the Lame
2115:Otto II
2071:Louis I
1852:the Meek
1532:the Hard
1145:Otto II
1094:Louis I
943:Part of
813:Sulzbach
785:Part of
778:Kleeburg
749:Part of
736:Sulzbach
671:Part of
586:Neumarkt
530:Sulzbach
396:Henry VI
236:996–1034
201:Ezzonian
6703:Portals
6588:Hanover
6574:Bavaria
6516:Bohemia
6506:Secular
6492:Cologne
6313:Louis V
6180:and in
5883:William
5842:Son of
5836:Dresden
5329:Arolsen
4989:Neuburg
3990:at the
3984:Bohemia
3379:Lautern
3344:Lautern
3321:Marburg
3066:John I
2956:Richard
2889:Simmern
2394:John II
1946:Denmark
1940:of the
1684:Cologne
1458:the Red
1258:Nordgau
1131:Son of
1085:Consort
965:Swedish
800:Simmern
788:Neuburg
752:Neuburg
702:Neuburg
659:Veldenz
643:Neuburg
613:Mosbach
596:Simmern
526:Neuburg
514:Simmern
461:Bavaria
430:Nordgau
422:Bavaria
390:Henry V
368:1156–95
320:1142–55
314:1139–42
308:1129–39
302:1113–29
290:1085–95
230:945–996
213:Moselle
205:Cologne
188:Godfrey
87:scholar
6592:(1692)
6578:(1623)
6542:Saxony
6530:
6308:Philip
6223:
6182:Swabia
6091:Notes
6088:Ended
6085:Began
6079:Image
5692:German
5434:Kraków
5421:Berlin
4993:Jülich
4962:Warsaw
4502:Kassel
4088:Munich
3976:London
2921:George
2901:France
2469:Kassel
2301:Kaspar
2220:John I
2209:Amberg
2059:Lobith
2014:1471/2
1954:Norway
1950:Sweden
1793:Otto I
1752:John I
1625:Amberg
1262:Amberg
1088:Notes
489:, the
487:Swabia
434:Amberg
347:Swabia
128:German
122:, and
89:
82:
75:
68:
60:
6682:Hesse
6668:Baden
6478:Trier
6464:Mainz
6190:Notes
6126:Baden
6082:Name
6006:Baden
5700:Latin
5668:Dhaun
5205:, as
5161:, as
4753:Kleve
3881:]
2491:1506
1936:Also
1631:Also
1180:Worms
1079:Death
1076:Reign
1070:Ruler
491:Rhine
481:) of
383:Agnes
271:From
221:Alzey
94:JSTOR
80:books
6221:ISBN
6024:and
5794:and
5665:1743
5636:John
5624:1751
5446:1728
4997:Berg
4995:and
4711:1661
4645:1685
4606:(as
4183:(at
3654:(at
3618:(at
3590:1599
3578:(at
3377:(at
3098:1579
3034:and
2899:and
2313:1527
2286:1499
2206:1474
2085:1424
1952:and
1938:King
1784:Ribe
1763:1383
1569:1345
1506:1385
1437:The
1427:1348
1418:1328
1237:1260
1177:1222
1126:1204
1073:Born
528:and
520:and
505:and
451:The
349:and
217:Nahe
215:and
209:Bonn
66:news
4987:of
4556:new
3426:of
2887:of
341:in
158:".
49:by
6753::
6186:.
6166:,
5702::
5698:,
5694::
5165:.
5003:.
3879:de
3030:,
2903:.
1948:,
516:,
485:,
283:.
273:c.
223:.
182:c.
130::
118:,
6705::
6412:e
6405:t
6398:v
6259:e
6252:t
6245:v
6229:.
5690:(
4485:(
4187:)
3658:)
3622:)
3582:)
3381:)
1268:(
1053:)
1047:(
1032:)
1026:(
1013:)
1007:(
988:(
961:(
936:)
930:(
897:)
891:(
856:(
687:(
475:(
440:(
207:-
126:(
105:)
101:(
91:·
84:·
77:·
70:·
53:.
39:.
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