List of Roman dictators

2571:. Glicia was a freedman and a scribe; as such he was considered wholly unsuitable for the office and compelled to resign even before he could name his magister equitum. The precise means by which his resignation was procured is unclear. Aulus Atilius Calatinus was appointed in Claudius' stead. Notwithstanding his humble origin, Glicia was recorded as dictator in the consular fasti, and continued to wear the 2589:

Livy says that Fabius was appointed dictator for the second time in 217. Broughton adduces that he must have been dictator during a gap in the Capitoline fasti from 221 to 219, and before Livy's history resumes in 218. Since Flaminius was censor in 220 and 219, Broughton places this dictatorship in

2603:, vehemently opposed the dictator's delaying strategy against Hannibal, and induced a tribune of the plebs to propose a law granting him authority equal to that of the dictator. Some scholars therefore regard Minucius as a second dictator, while others describe him as a 2325:

in 363 BC because that had worked to stop a pestilence a century earlier and concludes that Mamercus was this dictator. Broughton sees this as an insufficient reason to say that Mamercus was dictator in 463 BC, and suggests that Lydus has mistaken an interrex for a

2301:

The name of the first dictator is also given as Manius Valerius, but Livy rejects this in favor of Titus Larcius Flavus on the basis of the law that only consulars could be named dictator; Valerius had not yet been named consul. Broughton follows Livy in

2535:

One of three dictators known from literary sources, but not found in the surviving portions of the consular fasti or Livy's history. Broughton concludes that they must have held office between 292 and 285 BC, and lists them under the latest possible

785: 762: 557: 2545:

The third of three dictators known from literary sources, but not found in the surviving portions of the consular fasti or Livy's history. Although Broughton concluded that they must have held office between 292 and 285 BC, the

736: 866: 907: 2579:

under the consul Gaius Licinius Varus, but after granting a treaty without permission from the Senate or the consul, was handed over to the enemy, who returned him unharmed; he was then imprisoned, banished, or put to

2435:, to conduct a court of inquiry into conspiracies against the Republic, as described by Livy. Instead, she concludes that he must have had a religious function, although she cannot determine precisely which 1269: 630: 971: 902: 715: 948: 2431:

Maenius is one of three dictators appointed in 320, none of whom is listed as having abdicated and been replaced by another dictator. Hartfield asserts that Maenius was not appointed for

2352:

only as "SCAVLA" or "SCAVLA", which some scholars have interpreted as "Scapula", based on the subsequent appearance of Publius Cornelius Scapula, consul in 328 BC. Broughton notes that

2336: 2468:, but Livy preserves a source who claims that one of the consuls that year instead captured the town Poetelius was said to have captured and that his dictatorship was instead 2393:, but no other source, list four years in which there was a dictator but no consuls elected: 333, 324, 309, and 301. In each case, Livy includes the names of the dictator and 1152: 1147: 1129: 2867: 2615:

during Fabius' dictatorship suggest that Minucius later held the office during a period for which Livy's history is missing, perhaps in order to hold the

2369:

The names of the dictator and magister equitum for this year are missing from the consular fasti, and not explicitly stated by any ancient author. The

2930: 1225: 1388: 503: 380: 2321:

says that there was a dictator in the forty-eighth year of the Republic. Bendel links this with the story that the senate appointed a dictator

189:

Roman numerals given following a name indicate that the dictator or magister equitum for that year previously held the same magistracy. The

1928: 757: 2476:

would not have hammered in the sacred nail, Hartfield adduces that he must have been appointed dictator twice this year, if he did so.

2057: 654: 2920: 1840: 1718: 1694: 1312: 1173: 2915: 2165: 2013: 1995: 1990: 1972: 1031: 578: 1801: 2062: 990: 1355: 1086: 1016: 2278: 2227: 1510: 1333: 1248: 1178: 925: 843: 1880: 1861: 1713: 1505: 612: 477: 395: 275: 51: 2925: 2103: 2018: 1673: 1552: 1433: 1379: 1201: 498: 400: 2885: 2080: 881: 2567:

Nominated by the consul Publius Claudius Pulcher after the Senate had relieved him of his command following the

118:

are completely novel, as the powers granted greatly exceeded those traditionally accorded a Roman dictator. By

2480:

attributes the victories credited to Gaius Poetelius Libo Visolus to "Κόιντος Φάβιος" (Quintus Fabius) instead.

2085: 2872: 2514:

Three dictators are known only from various literary sources. Historians date them to a period for which the

1609: 1220: 861: 441: 1528: 1488: 1463: 1428: 456: 415: 375: 354: 336: 672: 134: 2721:, vol. I, pp. 993 ("Livius Denter, no. 1"), vol. III, p. 1354 ("Chronological Tables of Roman History"). 2418:

fell ill, and attempt to explain how an annalist would have altered the records to make this a dictator

257: 24:

known from ancient sources. In some cases the names or dates have been inferred by modern historians.

2356:'s reading, indicating the second gap, would make "Scapula" improbable. "Scaevola", a surname of the 1384: 1107: 808: 741: 2254: 436: 421: 2611:. Since ancient sources refer to Minucius as having been dictator, those who consider him merely 2036: 1778: 1736: 1653: 1558: 1049: 828: 803: 780: 314: 295: 2796:, vol. III, pp. 665 ("Cornelius Rufinus" no. 2), 1357 ("Chronological Tables of Roman History"). 2501:, but Livy names the latter as dictator, without following his usual procedure of recording the 2451:, while Manlius must have been appointed to hold the elections for the next year's magistrates. 1757: 1630: 1546: 1482: 1458: 1339: 1317: 1196: 1011: 693: 648: 593: 572: 552: 483: 462: 145:

later reported by ancient historians may only date to Manlius' dictatorship, in which case the

126:, Caesar was appointed dictator in perpetuity, and given the power to revise the constitution. 2108: 1967: 1902: 1886: 1361: 823: 360: 122:, Sulla was empowered to rewrite the laws and revise the constitution of the Roman state; by 2526:

after the death of Quintus Hortensius in 287 BC. Mommsen suggested that this was Claudius.

1796: 280: 252: 8: 1943: 2555: 1923: 44:(a general purpose, usually to lead an army in the field against a particular enemy), 2568: 2633: 2477: 2472:. Some modern historians do not dismiss this alternate account. Because a dictator 2353: 2313: 100: 63: 21: 2360:, is plausible, but no Mucius Scaevola is mentioned in the history of this period. 50:(an important religious rite involving the driving of a nail into the wall of the 2318: 2136: 1585: 528: 228: 2410:

of this dictator conflict. Most historians accept that Cornelius carried on the

133:

may not have been legally distinguished from one another prior to 368 BC, when

46: 17: 2909: 2183: 1819: 1406: 1290: 115: 2895: 96: 2636:, instead of holding elections for new censors to carry out the same task. 2554:, noting, however, that Niebuhr placed his dictatorship in 280, after the 2551: 2209: 79: 2357: 87:(establishing a religious festival in response to serious prodigies); 2900:

Military Tribunes and Plebeian Consuls: The Fasti from 444 V to 342 V

2632:. The Senate appointed a dictator to enroll new senators after the 2448: 2283: 2250: 197:, reporting those given in ancient sources. For cases in which no 32:

Roman dictators were usually appointed for a specific purpose, or

2576: 2415: 2882:(Ph.D. dissertation), University of California, Berkeley (1981). 2373:

inserts these names, although the basis for them is not stated.

110:

given at the very end of the Republic for the dictatorships of

193:

listed in the table are based largely on T. R. S. Broughton's

2160: 111: 36:, which limited the scope of their activities. The chief 208: 149:

attributed to earlier dictators must be later additions.

2518:

and Livy's history are missing but nothing about their

2868: