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614:—were slaughtered as well. Even those buried in the town cemetery were not spared; their remains were dug up, looted for gold fillings and jewellery, and destroyed. A 100-strong German work party was then sent in to remove all visible remains of the village, re-route the stream running through it and the roads in and out. They then covered the entire area the village had occupied with topsoil and planted crops, and set up a barbed-wire fence around the site which had notices reading, in both Czech and German, "Anyone approaching this fence who does not halt when challenged will be shot". A film was made of the process by Franz Treml, a collaborator with German intelligence. Treml had run a
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Saidl. He was imprisoned for four years and had no idea about this massacre. He found out when he returned home on 23 December 1942. Upon discovering the massacre, he was so distraught he turned himself in to SS officers in the nearby town of Kladno, confessed to being from Lidice, and even said he approved of the assassination of
Heydrich. Despite confirming his identity, the SS officers simply laughed at him and turned him away, and he went on to survive the war.
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first the men were shot in groups of five, but Böhme thought the executions were proceeding too slowly and ordered that ten men be shot at a time. The dead were left lying where they fell. This continued until the afternoon hours when there were 173 dead. Another 11 men who were not in the village that day were arrested and murdered soon afterwards as were eight men and seven women already under arrest because they had relations serving with the
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ordered the massacre of the remainder of the children. However, Eichmann was not convicted of this crime at his trial in
Jerusalem, as the judges deemed that "... it has not been proven to us beyond reasonable doubt, according to the evidence before us, that they were murdered." On 2 July, all of the
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and detained in the grammar school for three days. The children were separated from their mothers and four pregnant women were sent to the same hospital where
Heydrich died, forced to undergo abortions and then sent to different concentration camps. On 12 June 1942, 184 women of Lidice were loaded on
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grenade at
Heydrich's car. The resulting explosion wounded both Heydrich and Kubiš. Heydrich sent Klein to chase Gabčík on foot and, in an exchange of fire, Gabčík shot Klein in the leg below the knee. Kubiš and Gabčík managed to escape the scene. A Czech woman went to Heydrich's aid and flagged down
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in the late spring of 1942, all 173 men from the village who were over 15 years of age were executed on 10 June 1942. A further 11 men from the village who were not present at the time were later arrested and executed soon afterwards, along with several others who were already under arrest. Out of a
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Women from Lidice who survived imprisonment at
Ravensbrück returned after the Second World War and were rehoused in the new village of Lidice that was built overlooking the original site. The first part of the new village was completed in 1949. Two men from Lidice were in the United Kingdom serving
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All men of the village were rounded up and taken to the farm of the Horák family on the edge of the village. Mattresses were taken from neighbouring houses where they were stood up against the wall of the Horáks' barn to prevent ricochets. The shooting of the men commenced at about 7:00 am. At
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proclaimed a state of emergency and placed a curfew in Prague. Anyone who helped the attackers was to be executed along with their families. A search involving 21,000 men began and 36,000 houses were checked. By 4 June, 157 people had been executed as a result of the reprisals but the assassins had
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and stationed in
England at the time. The only adult man from Lidice actually in Czechoslovakia who survived this atrocity was František Saidl (1887–1961), the former deputy-mayor of Lidice who had been arrested at the end of 1938 because on 19 December 1938 he accidentally killed his son Eduard
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The care was minimal and they suffered from a lack of hygiene and from illnesses. By order of the camp management, no medical care was given to the children. Shortly after their arrival in Łódź, officials from the
Central Race and Settlement branch chose seven children for
643:. The death toll resulting from the effort to avenge the death of Heydrich is estimated at over 1,300 people. This count includes relatives of the partisans, their supporters, Czech elites suspected of disloyalty and random victims like those from Lidice.
494:) surrounded the village of Lidice, blocking all avenues of escape. The Nazi regime chose this village because its residents were suspected of harbouring local resistance partisans and were falsely associated with aiding Operation Anthropoid team members.
228:, and the children were entrusted to appropriate educational institutions." Approximately 340 people from Lidice were murdered in the German reprisal (192 men, 60 women and 88 children). After the war ended, only 143 women and 17 children returned.
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in the summer of 1942. A cross with a crown of thorns marks the mass grave of the Lidice men. Overlooking the site is a memorial area flanked by a museum and a small exhibition hall. The memorial area is linked to the new village by an avenue of
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government would not allow them to apply to be housed in the new Lidice, because they had served in the forces of one of the western powers. Horák and his family returned to
Britain and the RAF; he died in a flying accident in December 1948.
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agents found a radio transmitter there that had belonged to an underground team who parachuted in with Kubiš and Gabčík. All 33 adults (both men and women) from the village were shot. The children were sent to concentration camps or
555:. The camp authorities tried to keep the Lidice women isolated, but were prevented from doing so by other inmates. The women were forced to work in leather processing, road building, textile and ammunition factories.
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772:, U.S., was renamed from Stern Park to Lidice. There is a shrine at Lidice park on Prairie Avenue in Crest Hill; the original shrine was at the end of Kelly Avenue at Elsie Street. A square in the English city of
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Nazi propaganda had openly and proudly announced the events in Lidice, unlike other massacres in occupied Europe which were kept secret. The information was instantly picked up by Allied media. After the massacre
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bushes was created beside the avenue of lindens overlooking the site of the old village. In the 1990s the
Rosarium was neglected but after 2001 a new Rosarium with 21,000 bushes was created.
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were not yet over when, on 9 June, the decision was made to "make up for his death". Frank, Secretary of State for the Nazi
Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, reported from Berlin that the
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trucks, driven to Kladno railway station and forced into a special passenger train guarded by an escort. On the morning of 14 June, the train halted on a railway siding at the
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The first ever Czech-made feature film about the destruction of Lidice, which was available on May 18, 2020, at Amazon Prime under the title "Fall of the Innocent".
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2158:(2018) – A documentary about the massacre of Lidice, levelled and – literally – eradicated by the Nazis in retaliation for the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich.
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school. Of these, 184 women and 88 children were deported to concentration camps; 7 children who were considered racially suitable and thus eligible for
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224:, quoting German radio transmissions which it received in New York, said: "All male grownups of the town were shot, while the women were placed in a
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Gather the children suitable for Germanisation, then place them in SS families in the Reich and bring the rest of the children up in other ways
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countries. The history has been depicted in multiple forms of media since the end of the conflict. Examples include the internationally known
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Mihule J. Liner note to Supraphon CD 11 1931-2 001, which includes the work played by the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by
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The village was set on fire and the remains of the buildings destroyed with explosives. All the animals in the village—pets and
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A free copy of Vic Carnall's Opus 17, a piano solo entitled "In Memoriam: the Village of Lidice (Czechoslovakia / June, 1942)".
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to fly to Prague to assume care. Despite a fever, Heydrich's recovery appeared to progress well. Hitler's personal doctor
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There is a memorial sculpture and small information panel commemorating the Lidice massacre, in Wallanlagen Park in
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in the United Kingdom. Only three male inhabitants of the village survived the massacre, two of whom were in the
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788:, is named after Lidice and one of the buildings has a small plaque that explains its tragic story. A street in
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Eighty-eight Lidice children were transported to the area of the former textile factory in Gneisenau Street in
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caused by pieces of horse hair from the upholstery and his clothing entering his body when the bomb exploded.
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Soon after the razing of the village, towns and quarters (neighbourhoods) in various countries were renamed,
409:, but Gebhardt thought that Heydrich would recover and declined the suggestion. On 4 June Heydrich died from
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2067:– The true story of the massacre of a small Czech village by the Nazis is retold as if it happened in Wales.
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A total of 203 women and 105 children were first taken to Lidice village school, then the nearby town of
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899:, an 8-minute orchestral work, in 1943, as a response to the massacre. The piece quotes from the Czech
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a delivery van. He was placed on his stomach in the back of the van and taken to the emergency room at
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The furor over Lidice caused some hesitation over the fate of the remaining children but in late June
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statues of children (42 girls and 40 boys) aged 1 to 16, to honour the children who were murdered at
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1945:
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575:. The few children considered racially suitable for Germanisation were handed over to SS families.
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1387:"NS-Massaker : Nicht die SS, Polizisten mordeten in Lidice – Nachrichten Kultur – Geschichte"
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shop in Lucerna Palace in Prague and after the Nazi occupation, he became a film adviser for the
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598:. Out of the 105 Lidice children, 82 were murdered in Chełmno, six were murdered in the German
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had commanded the following concerning any village found to have harbored Heydrich's killers:
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Britische Spezialwaffen 1939–1945: Ausrüstung für Eliteeinheiten, Geheimdienst und Widerstand
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The New York Times, Nazis Blot Out Czech Village; Kill All Men, Disperse Others, 11 June 1942
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total 503 inhabitants, 307 women and children were sent to a makeshift detention center in a
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8:
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2049:– A fictional account of the death of Reinhard Heydrich and the reprisals against Lidice.
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Masters and Commanders: The Military Geniuses Who Led the West to Victory in World War II
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1942:
A little village called Lidice: Story of the return of the women and children of Lidice.
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835:, but it contained a number of inaccuracies in the story. A more accurate British film,
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Klein, to stop the car. When Heydrich stood up to shoot Gabčík, Kubiš threw a modified
363:. These men, who had been part of a team trained in Great Britain, had parachuted into
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2147:– a free Powerpoint presentation suitable for teaching the Lidice atrocity in schools
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so that the name would live on in spite of Hitler's intentions. A neighbourhood in
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On the morning of 27 May 1942, Heydrich was being driven from his country villa at
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Josef Stříbrný returned to Czechoslovakia to serve in the Czechoslovak Air Force.
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185:. It has gained historical attention as one of the most documented instances of
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1083:"In memoriam: Marie Šupíková, one of the last survivors of the Lidice massacre"
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A Ray of Light: Reinhard Heydrich, Lidice, and the North Staffordshire Miners
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the children are only bringing what they wear. No special care is desirable.
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Marie Šupíková, one of the children kidnapped from Lidice, testifies at the
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openly and proudly announced the events at Lidice in direct contrast to the
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752:, Barrio Obrero de Lídice (workers quarter of Lidice) and its hospital in
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Lidice Commemorative Gathering Fenton 2010 – Pics Video and Listen again
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convinced him that it would waste resources and open the risk to similar
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and in the climax of the piece, the opening notes (dot-dot-dot-dash =
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was performed, and the chest wound, left lung, and diaphragm were all
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1963 "Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil" p. 207
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magazine, and published in full as a book later that year by Harper.
780:, is named after Lidice. An alley in a very crowded area of downtown
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1189:"Czech village razed by Hitler at heart of row on truth and history"
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70 kilometres (43 miles) away, where they were gassed to death in
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870:, a larger version of which was published in the 19 October 1942
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to raise funds for the rebuilding of the village after the war.
2014:
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reprisals against British communities. In September 1942, coal
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340 including 82 children exterminated later after transfer to
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overlooks the site of the old village of Lidice. Entitled "
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for every village destroyed in reprisals by the Wehrmacht.
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and General of Police Reinhard Heydrich had been acting as
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Lidice commemorative gathering pics video and listen again
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817:(1943), using amateur actors from a Welsh mining village,
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remaining 82 Lidice children were handed over to the Łódź
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Attacks on buildings and structures in the Czech Republic
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864:, which was excerpted in the 17 October 1942, edition of
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1312:"Assassination – Operation Arthropoid, 1941–1942"
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1971:
Reinhard Heydrich: The Biography, Volume 2 – Enigma
1896:, Koenemann Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Koeln, (1997)
1554:
Cruel World: The Children of Europe in the Nazi Web
431:not been found and no information was forthcoming.
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482:, immediately acted on the orders. Members of the
367:in December 1941 as part of Operation Anthropoid.
1836:"The History of Lidice Memorial Before Year 2000"
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562:. Their arrival was announced by a telegram from
153:) was the complete destruction of the village of
33:Lidice in 1942 after its destruction by the Nazis
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2102:Recent (since 1990s) search for missing children
860:wrote a book-length verse play on the massacre,
405:suggested the use of the new antibacterial drug
1944:International Book Publishers, Western Office,
1829:
1530:Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team
1147:
958:The Memorial to the Children Victims of the War
796:, is named to commemorate the massacre and the
685:proposed destroying three German villages with
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1779:"Josef Horak, a twentieth-century Czech hero"
1317:. Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic.
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187:German war crimes during the Second World War
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804:, U.S., was built in memory of the village.
501:Post-war memorial ceremony to honour victims
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829:. An American film was made in 1943 called
634:was destroyed two weeks after Lidice, when
538:Memorial to the murdered children of Lidice
457:Burn down the village and level it entirely
451:Transport all women to a concentration camp
129:Memorial to the murdered children of Lidice
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1987:
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1156:"The Lost Children of the Lidice Massacre"
293:Heydrich's car at the scene of the attack.
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1120:
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198:assassination of Reich Protector Heydrich
3099:World War II sites in the Czech Republic
2083:(in English, Czech, German, and Russian)
2031:(film at U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum)
1968:
1878:. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
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929:at the time of the massacre. After 1945
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374:jammed, Heydrich ordered his driver, SS-
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213:families, and the rest were sent to the
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2969:Carpathian Ruthenia during World War II
2145:Lidice & Stoke-on-Trent for Schools
1593:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
1430:"The Love Letter That destroyed Lidice"
242:, with intense outrage occurring among
3129:Kidnapping of children by Nazi Germany
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1876:Hitler's Hangman: The Life of Heydrich
973:trees. In 1955 a "Rosarium" of 29,000
434:The eulogies at Heydrich's funeral in
16:1942 Nazi destruction of Czech village
2165:
1973:. Church Stretton: Ulric Publishing.
1928:Lidice, The Story of a Czech Village.
1892:Jan Kaplan and Krystyna Nosarzewska,
1694:from the original on 20 February 2022
1385:Kellerhoff, Sven Felix (2012-06-08).
1371:Jan Kaplan and Krystyna Nosarzewska,
1351:Jan Kaplan and Krystyna Nosarzewska,
1252:Jan Kaplan and Krystyna Nosarzewska,
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1067:Jan Kaplan and Krystyna Nosarzewska,
676:, referencing the massacre at Lidice.
518:
3139:Mass shootings in the Czech Republic
1814:. Lidice-memorial.cz. 10 July 1945.
1633:"Nuremberg Trial Proceedings Vol. 8"
1459:"The Lidice massacre after 65 years"
1324:from the original on 1 December 2016
1186:
625:
421:Late in the afternoon of 27 May, SS-
189:, particularly given the deliberate
3119:Violence against children in Europe
3094:Massacres committed by Nazi Germany
2900:1st Czechoslovak Mixed Air Division
1154:Solly, Meilan (12 September 2018).
660:British poster commemorating Lidice
566:'s Prague office which ended with:
480:Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
320:. This area of the former state of
318:Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
240:crimes against civilian populations
217:, where they were gassed to death.
159:Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
43:Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
13:
2156:"A tree remembers" (official page)
1428:Wechsberg, Joseph (24 June 1948).
279:Assassination of Reinhard Heydrich
118:assassination of Reinhard Heydrich
14:
3165:
3089:Nazi war crimes in Czechoslovakia
2007:
1493:. Shilka Publishing. p. 69.
1231:from the original on 24 June 2021
1201:from the original on 24 June 2021
1168:from the original on 24 June 2021
1135:from the original on 24 June 2021
1093:from the original on 24 June 2021
887:Local response and the new Lidice
853:as Gabčík, was released in 1975.
701:were supportive of the idea, but
646:
602:orphanages and 17 returned home.
3011:
3010:
2094:Official Website of Municipality
2013:
1599:from the original on 17 May 2022
1586:"Remains of Lidice in June 1942"
1465:from the original on 15 May 2018
1444:– via Google News Archive.
1121:Wechsberg, Joseph (1 May 1948).
1081:Fraňková, Ruth (23 March 2021).
1001:
987:
238:and secrecy involved with other
100:
27:
3124:Massacres in the Czech Republic
2112:about destruction of Lidice by
1818:from the original on 2014-02-22
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1758:
1745:
1706:
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1672:– via Archive Foundation.
1645:
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1566:
1518:
1507:from the original on 2016-08-16
1421:
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1397:from the original on 2013-04-10
1378:
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1259:
2122:"Lidice" film Official website
2073:Fate of the children of Lidice
2029:Remains of Lidice in June 1942
1720:. "The Murder of Lidice": 3–5.
1187:Tait, Robert (14 March 2020).
1105:
952:A sculpture from the 1990s by
165:, in June 1942 on orders from
116:Reprisal attack following the
1:
1894:Prague: The Turbulent Century
1373:Prague: The Turbulent Century
1353:Prague: The Turbulent Century
1310:Burian, Michal; Aleš (2002).
1254:Prague: The Turbulent Century
1069:Prague: The Turbulent Century
1029:
942:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état
807:In the wake of the massacre,
587:office, who sent them to the
273:
161:, which is now a part of the
1992:. Motorbooks International.
508:Czechoslovak armies in exile
416:
7:
3149:Arson in the Czech Republic
2895:1st Czechoslovak Army Corps
1988:Williamson, Gordon (1995).
980:
920:Lidice rose garden fountain
630:The small Czech village of
461:
10:
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2559:Slovak Insurgent Air Force
2539:Jan Žižka partisan brigade
1812:"Lidice Memorial: History"
1751:Millay, Edna St. Vincent.
1487:Phillips, Russell (2016).
1025:), a 2011 Czech drama film
733:, in Great Britain led by
589:Chelmno extermination camp
282:
215:Chełmno extermination camp
3134:Spree shootings in Europe
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2917:Freiwillige Schutzstaffel
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2887:
2839:1st Czechoslovak Division
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2661:Bratislava–Brno Offensive
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1755:. New York: Harper: 1942.
1718:Franklin P Adams (intro.)
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56:
48:
38:
26:
21:
2806:Sereď concentration camp
2527:Jan Hus partisan brigade
2469:Slovak National Uprising
1946:Lidgerwood, North Dakota
1864:
1652:Roberts, Andrew (2009).
1526:"The Massacre at Lidice"
1221:"Lidice, 79 Years Later"
1123:"The Children of Lidice"
911:Beethoven's 5th Symphony
326:occupied by Nazi Germany
297:From 27 September 1941,
2874:11th Infantry Battalion
1714:Edna St. Vincent Millay
858:Edna St. Vincent Millay
764:in Panama and towns in
3074:1942 in Czechoslovakia
2515:Czech National Council
2290:Konstantin von Neurath
1969:Williams, Max (2003).
1733:Cite journal requires
921:
677:
674:This is Nazi Brutality
661:
652:International response
539:
531:
512:Czechoslovak Air Force
502:
466:
339:. When he reached the
294:
150:
138:
130:
3104:Collective punishment
3045:50.14306°N 14.19028°E
2811:Theresienstadt Ghetto
2757:Kremnička and Nemecká
2261:Chief of Intelligence
1434:The Milwaukee Journal
995:Czech Republic portal
919:
667:
659:
537:
526:
500:
292:
136:
128:
3144:1940s mass shootings
3114:Operation Anthropoid
3069:Anti-Czech sentiment
2879:1st Armoured Brigade
2022:at Wikimedia Commons
1753:The Murder of Lidice
1414:Williamson, Gordon,
1161:Smithsonian Magazine
1023:Fall of the Innocent
902:St Wenceslas Chorale
862:The Murder of Lidice
770:Crest Hill, Illinois
328:since 5 April 1939.
285:Operation Anthropoid
209:were handed over to
196:In reprisal for the
3041: /
2928:Emergency Divisions
2834:Czechoslovak Legion
2801:Carpathian Ruthenia
2461:Vrba–Wetzler report
2422:Minister of Defence
2212:Government-in-exile
2114:Reichsarbeitsdienst
1990:Loyalty is my Honor
1662:. pp. 182–83.
1416:Loyalty is my Honor
802:Phillips, Wisconsin
746:San Jerónimo Lídice
191:killing of children
3050:50.14306; 14.19028
2637:Čajánek's barracks
2316:Karl Hermann Frank
2054:The Silent Village
1958:Alma Books, 2010.
1940:Zena Irma Trinka:
1853:2003-10-06 at the
1841:2008-12-22 at the
1796:2001-03-06 at the
1784:2008-12-22 at the
1684:"Lídice (Caracas)"
1642:. 22 February 1946
1638:2011-08-10 at the
1552:Lynn H. Nicholas,
1288:, pp. 145–47.
1265:Michel, Wolfgang,
960:" it comprises 82
922:
909:in Morse code) of
897:Memorial to Lidice
838:Operation Daybreak
814:The Silent Village
703:Archibald Sinclair
687:incendiary bombing
678:
662:
549:concentration camp
540:
532:
519:Women and children
503:
428:Karl Hermann Frank
397:. Himmler ordered
295:
268:Memorial to Lidice
256:Operation Daybreak
226:concentration camp
139:
131:
3109:Reinhard Heydrich
3084:Massacres in 1942
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2294:Reinhard Heydrich
2256:František Moravec
2018:Media related to
1980:978-0-9537577-6-3
1964:978-1-84688-103-9
1909:Someone Named Eva
1885:978-0-300-11575-8
1669:978-0-141-02926-9
935:Flight Lieutenant
821:, near the small
809:Humphrey Jennings
778:Luftwaffe bombing
739:Lidice Shall Live
683:Winston Churchill
626:Further reprisals
491:Sicherheitsdienst
335:to his office at
304:Obergruppenführer
259:and the composer
246:and particularly
183:Reinhard Heydrich
123:
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3079:June 1942 events
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776:, devastated by
762:Lídice de Capira
711:Herbert Morrison
612:beasts of burden
387:Bulovka Hospital
333:Panenské Břežany
261:Bohuslav Martinů
222:Associated Press
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2477:Prague uprising
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2359:Richard Bienert
2355:Jaroslav Krejčí
2327:
2321:Chief of Police
2308:Reichsprotektor
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2020:Lidice massacre
2010:
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1855:Wayback Machine
1848:Lidice Memorial
1843:Wayback Machine
1834:
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1801:. 24 July 2002.
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1777:David Vaughan.
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891:Czech composer
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843:Timothy Bottoms
832:Hitler's Madman
798:Lidice Memorial
715:Stafford Cripps
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485:Ordnungspolizei
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448:Execute all men
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377:Oberscharführer
370:After Gabčík's
310:Reichsprotektor
287:
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265:orchestral work
232:Nazi propaganda
181:, successor to
175:Reichsprotektor
151:Vyhlazení Lidic
143:Lidice massacre
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2193:Czechoslovakia
2189:
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2138:2016-11-23 at
2129:
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2008:External links
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2549:Out Distance
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2405:Vojtech Tuka
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2298:Kurt Daluege
2273:Protectorate
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2220:Edvard Beneš
2197:World War II
2110:Photo series
2070:Alan Heath:
2053:
2035:
2026:(in English)
1989:
1970:
1955:
1941:
1927:
1907:
1893:
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1846:
1831:
1820:. Retrieved
1806:
1789:
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1766:Karel Ančerl
1760:
1752:
1747:
1726:cite journal
1708:
1696:. Retrieved
1687:
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1601:. Retrieved
1592:
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1534:. Retrieved
1532:. 1999-12-24
1529:
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1509:. Retrieved
1489:
1467:. Retrieved
1438:. Retrieved
1436:. p. 20
1433:
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1399:. Retrieved
1390:
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1328:25 September
1326:. Retrieved
1305:
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1233:. Retrieved
1224:
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1203:. Retrieved
1194:The Guardian
1192:
1182:
1170:. Retrieved
1159:
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1137:. Retrieved
1126:
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1095:. Retrieved
1087:Radio Prague
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691:Anthony Eden
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179:Kurt Daluege
173:
170:Adolf Hitler
142:
140:
107:Nazi Germany
96:Perpetrators
52:10 June 1942
3048: /
2986:Sudetenland
2945:Slovak Army
2786:Sudetenland
2725: [
2714:17 November
2693:Operation B
2569: [
2530: [
2485:Czech Radio
2351:Alois Eliáš
2244:Jan Masaryk
1956:The Search.
1698:20 February
1393:. Welt.de.
883:, Germany.
847:Martin Shaw
841:, starring
823:South Wales
750:Mexico City
641:"Aryanised"
564:Horst Böhme
553:Ravensbrück
529:RuSHA trial
472:Horst Böhme
411:septicaemia
407:sulfonamide
391:splenectomy
248:Anglosphere
172:and acting
167:Nazi leader
68:Attack type
3063:Categories
3036:14°11′25″E
3033:50°08′35″N
2706:War crimes
2653:Dukla Pass
2453:Anthropoid
2438:Resistance
2393:Jozef Tiso
2339:Emil Hácha
2232:Jan Šrámek
2204:Government
2119:(in Czech)
2107:(in Czech)
2099:(in Czech)
2091:(in Czech)
1822:2013-03-28
1658:. London:
1536:2020-07-19
1511:2017-01-31
1401:2013-03-28
1030:References
940:After the
845:as Kubiš,
668:Poster by
620:Nazi Party
616:Zeiss-Ikon
600:Lebensborn
274:Background
252:drama film
2975:Fall Grün
2847:Squadrons
2778:Holocaust
2760:(1944–45)
2398:President
2344:President
2225:President
811:directed
758:Venezuela
719:Luftwaffe
695:Leo Amery
670:Ben Shahn
417:Reprisals
382:anti-tank
361:Jan Kubiš
355:soldiers
324:had been
263:composed
3016:Category
2796:Slovakia
2765:Ploština
2749:Životice
2737:Kobylisy
2685:Racibórz
2599:Military
2136:Archived
1874:(2011).
1851:Archived
1839:Archived
1816:Archived
1794:Archived
1782:Archived
1692:Archived
1636:Archived
1597:Archived
1505:Archived
1463:Archived
1395:Archived
1391:Die Welt
1319:Archived
1269:, p. 72
1229:Archived
1199:Archived
1166:Archived
1133:Archived
1091:Archived
981:See also
944:the new
825:town of
819:Cwmgiedd
794:Bulgaria
782:Santiago
774:Coventry
596:gas vans
488:and SD (
462:Massacre
395:debrided
372:Sten gun
343:area of
341:Kobylisy
80:Firearms
72:Massacre
39:Location
2827:Western
2677:Slivice
2613:Sudeten
2606:Battles
2446:Actions
2078:YouTube
1948:, 1947.
1603:5 April
1556:p. 254
1469:11 July
1235:18 June
1205:18 June
1172:18 June
1139:18 June
1097:18 June
966:Chełmno
925:in the
754:Caracas
636:Gestapo
593:Magirus
585:Gestapo
365:Bohemia
313:of the
157:in the
90:Chełmno
77:Weapons
2962:Topics
2888:Soviet
2768:(1945)
2752:(1944)
2742:Lidice
2732:(1942)
2717:(1939)
2696:(1945)
2688:(1945)
2680:(1945)
2672:(1945)
2664:(1945)
2656:(1944)
2648:(1939)
2640:(1939)
2632:(1939)
2624:(1938)
2621:Liptaň
2616:(1938)
2496:Groups
2480:(1945)
2472:(1944)
2464:(1944)
2456:(1942)
2061:
2043:
1996:
1977:
1962:
1934:
1930:2004.
1917:
1913:2007.
1900:
1882:
1666:
1589:(film)
1560:
1497:
1440:25 May
1375:p. 246
1355:p. 239
1273:
1256:p. 214
1071:p. 241
1018:Lidice
971:linden
962:bronze
881:Bremen
766:Brazil
723:miners
713:, and
697:, and
632:Ležáky
606:Lidice
544:Kladno
474:, the
441:Führer
436:Berlin
349:Slovak
345:Prague
203:Kladno
155:Lidice
113:Motive
85:Deaths
61:Czechs
57:Target
2820:Units
2729:]
2581:]
2534:]
2332:Czech
1865:Books
1418:p. 87
1322:(PDF)
1315:(PDF)
790:Sofia
786:Chile
353:Czech
147:Czech
2909:Axis
2566:ÚVOD
2282:Nazi
2059:IMDb
2041:IMDb
1994:ISBN
1975:ISBN
1960:ISBN
1932:ISBN
1915:ISBN
1898:ISBN
1880:ISBN
1739:help
1700:2022
1664:ISBN
1605:2022
1558:ISBN
1495:ISBN
1471:2019
1442:2016
1330:2011
1271:ISBN
1237:2021
1207:2021
1174:2021
1141:2021
1099:2021
975:rose
873:Life
560:Łódź
476:SiPo
389:. A
359:and
351:and
315:Nazi
220:The
141:The
49:Date
2867:313
2862:312
2857:311
2852:310
2844:RAF
2195:in
2076:on
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725:in
551:at
467:Men
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