99:
41:. It consisted of a core group of fifteen to twenty women. Counting later sympathisers, the loosely organised Lesbian Nation may have grown to between fifty and a hundred members. Lesbian Nation disbanded in the mid 80s as members got increasingly absorbed by other things, like careers and families, and also felt that their efforts had paid off.
133:-office. It probably never cooperated with gay men ever after. They easily formed alliances with other (heterosexual) feminists though, and teamed up with some of those to set up a number of cultural establishments. Among these were a women's bar in Amsterdam (Saarein), a publisher (Virginia), the
77:. This made Lesbian Nation turn inward and, for the duration of their activities, intentionally illusive to the outside world. Members searched for lesbian identity in lengthy discussions on lesbian weekends, through international lesbian contacts and a visit to the
73:". Wittig and Rich made lesbian women, which the collective consisted of, feel slightly superior to other feminists and they led the group on a quest to find a specific lesbian identity and to partially construct a lesbian
152:(Lesbian Splendour Book), containing articles, interviews, poems and a photo comic. It was called an example of the group's "lesbian cultural guerilla", and fits in the identity finding that Lesbian Nation practised.
89:
on an island, where only women would live and work. For mostly personal and practical reasons they failed to achieve it, but the idea of separatism was inspirational in creating a number of cultural establishments.
486:
26:
activist group, operating from 1976 until the mid 80s. The group was instrumental in the establishment of various cultural institutions in the
Netherlands.
491:
70:
82:
98:
481:
189:
476:
457:
114:, organised the first large gay march in the Netherlands, in an international protest against the activities of
369:
Sleutjes, chapter "'Lesbisch zijn is een politieke keuze'": "an organisation no-one heard of before, or after."
106:
In 1976 members of
Lesbian Nation took part in the occupation of the 'Bloemenhove' abortion clinic, after the
415:"Playing the game of lesbian imagination: radical lesbian feminist organising in the Dutch Lesbian Nation"
325:
85:. Together with Monique Wittig, with whom they were acquainted, Lesbian Nation dreamt of establishing a
30:
321:
8:
278:
383:
436:
58:
453:
440:
118:
in the US. This event was repeated in later years and eventually grew into the Dutch
426:
270:
107:
23:
431:
414:
86:
62:
54:
360:
Littel, chapter "Self-evident solidarity? Organising and allying with others".
470:
130:
111:
66:
50:
110:
had threatened it with closure. A year later the group, in cooperation with
134:
119:
115:
125:
To avoid unwanted attention the group arranged the march under the name
74:
137:
38:
34:
140:, a women's bookstore (Xantippe), and two Dutch lesbian magazines,
78:
61:. Ideologically however, Lesbian Nation was influenced more by
450:
De vrouw beslist. De tweede feministische golf in
Nederland
217:
Littel, chapter "From Paarse
September to Lesbian Nation".
247:
A 2016 reunion confirmed this number. See: Littel, IHLIA.
309:Littel, chapter "Re-imagining the symbolic order".
190:"Stop de heksenjacht: de eerste Nederlandse Pride"
57:, from which they got their name and a desire for
468:
71:Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian Existence
356:
354:
352:
350:
173:Littel, chapter "Creating a women's culture".
102:Protesters in front of the Bloemenhove clinic
487:LGBTQ organisations based in the Netherlands
148:. In 1979 Lesbian Nation helped create the
29:Lesbian Nation was formed in 1976 out of a
447:
347:
492:Feminist organisations in the Netherlands
430:
340:
338:
250:
169:
167:
165:
187:
97:
305:
303:
301:
299:
297:
295:
264:
262:
225:
223:
213:
211:
93:
469:
412:
335:
183:
181:
179:
162:
377:
375:
16:Dutch lesbian-feminist activist group
292:
259:
220:
208:
324:, a 2005 television documentary by
176:
13:
381:
372:
268:
188:Sleutjes, Martien (23 June 2018).
14:
503:
49:The organisation was inspired by
37:'Vrouwenhuis' (women's house) in
390:(in Dutch). IHLIA LGBT Heritage
363:
312:
229:Littel, chapter "Introduction".
482:Lesbian feminist organizations
241:
232:
127:International Lesbian Alliance
33:group meeting in the feminist
1:
432:10.1080/09612025.2021.1954335
413:Littel, Noah (16 July 2021).
256:Littel, chapter "Conclusion".
155:
44:
129:, out of the male-dominated
7:
332:, retrieved 11 August 2022.
10:
508:
448:Van de Loo, Vilan (2005).
406:
477:Lesbian culture in Europe
344:Van de Loo, p. 134-135.
419:Women's History Review
196:(in Dutch). Winq Media
103:
81:feminist women's camp
384:"Lesbisch Prachtboek"
101:
31:consciousness raising
94:Activism and culture
452:(in Dutch). Imerc.
150:Lesbisch Prachtboek
388:withpride.ihlia.nl
275:withpride.ihlia.nl
104:
59:lesbian separatism
499:
463:
444:
434:
400:
399:
397:
395:
379:
370:
367:
361:
358:
345:
342:
333:
320:
316:
310:
307:
290:
289:
287:
285:
271:"Lesbian Nation"
266:
257:
254:
248:
245:
239:
238:Littel, note 24.
236:
230:
227:
218:
215:
206:
205:
203:
201:
185:
174:
171:
108:Justice minister
24:lesbian feminist
507:
506:
502:
501:
500:
498:
497:
496:
467:
466:
460:
409:
404:
403:
393:
391:
380:
373:
368:
364:
359:
348:
343:
336:
318:
317:
313:
308:
293:
283:
281:
267:
260:
255:
251:
246:
242:
237:
233:
228:
221:
216:
209:
199:
197:
186:
177:
172:
163:
158:
96:
47:
17:
12:
11:
5:
505:
495:
494:
489:
484:
479:
465:
464:
458:
445:
408:
405:
402:
401:
382:Littel, Noah.
371:
362:
346:
334:
322:De Keizerinnen
311:
291:
269:Littel, Noah.
258:
249:
240:
231:
219:
207:
175:
160:
159:
157:
154:
146:Lust en Gratie
95:
92:
63:Monique Wittig
55:Lesbian Nation
46:
43:
20:Lesbian Nation
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
504:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
474:
472:
461:
459:90-6611-544-0
455:
451:
446:
442:
438:
433:
428:
424:
420:
416:
411:
410:
389:
385:
378:
376:
366:
357:
355:
353:
351:
341:
339:
331:
330:Andere Tijden
327:
323:
315:
306:
304:
302:
300:
298:
296:
280:
276:
272:
265:
263:
253:
244:
235:
226:
224:
214:
212:
195:
191:
184:
182:
180:
170:
168:
166:
161:
153:
151:
147:
143:
139:
136:
132:
128:
123:
121:
117:
113:
112:Maaike Meijer
109:
100:
91:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
67:Adrienne Rich
64:
60:
56:
52:
51:Jill Johnston
42:
40:
36:
32:
27:
25:
21:
449:
425:(1): 68–87.
422:
418:
392:. Retrieved
387:
365:
329:
314:
282:. Retrieved
277:(in Dutch).
274:
252:
243:
234:
198:. Retrieved
193:
149:
145:
141:
135:ethical bank
126:
124:
116:Anita Bryant
105:
87:womyn's land
48:
28:
22:was a Dutch
19:
18:
471:Categories
319:(in Dutch)
156:References
83:Femølejren
75:subculture
45:Influences
441:237705110
394:12 August
284:12 August
200:12 August
138:Mama Cash
120:gay pride
39:Amsterdam
53:'s book
407:Sources
194:winq.nl
65:and by
456:
439:
79:Danish
437:S2CID
279:IHLIA
35:squat
454:ISBN
396:2022
286:2022
202:2022
144:and
142:Diva
69:'s "
427:doi
328:'s
326:NPO
131:COC
473::
435:.
423:31
421:.
417:.
386:.
374:^
349:^
337:^
294:^
273:.
261:^
222:^
210:^
192:.
178:^
164:^
122:.
462:.
443:.
429::
398:.
288:.
204:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
