28:
357:
its creation with the discovery of ostrich eggshell beads and bone harpoons in contexts which predate the LSA by tens of thousands of years. The Later Stone Age was also long distinguished from the earlier Middle Stone Age as the time in which modern human behavior developed in Africa. This definition has become more tenuous as evidence for such modern human behaviors is found in sites which predate the LSA significantly.
38:
340:. They were introduced in the 1920s, as it became clear that the existing chronological system of Upper, Middle, and Lower Paleolithic was not a suitable correlate to the prehistoric past in Africa. Some scholars, however, continue to view these two chronologies as parallel, arguing that they both represent the development of
324:
The Later Stone Age is associated with the advent of modern human behavior in Africa, although definitions of this concept and means of studying it are up for debate. The transition from the Middle Stone Age to the Late Stone Age is thought to have occurred first in eastern Africa between 50,000 and
456:
The end of the Later Stone Age took place when groups adopted technologies such as metallurgy to replace the use of stone tools. This process happened at different rates across the continent, and it is worth noting that the term "LSA" is typically used by archaeologists today to refer primarily to
356:
and worked bone implements, and lacked Middle Stone Age stone tools other than those recycled and reworked. LSA peoples were directly linked with biologically and behaviorally modern populations of hunter/gatherers, some being directly identified as San "Bushmen." This definition has changed since
402:
were increasingly replaced with industries that focused on producing blades and bladelets on cores with simple platforms. African stone tool technologies are divided into modes as proposed by
Grahame Clark in 1969 and outlined by Lawrence Barham and Peter Mitchell as follows:
388:
LSA sites also greatly outnumber MSA sites in Africa, a trend that could indicate an increase in population numbers. The greater number of LSA sites could also result from bias towards better preservation of younger sites which have had fewer chances to be destroyed.
397:
Differences in stone tool technologies are often used to distinguish between the Middle Stone Age and the Later Stone Age. The larger prepared platform flake-based stone tool industries of the Middle Stone Age, such as
373:
technology which appeared to have been relatively unchanged for several hundreds of thousands of years. LSA technology is also characterized by the use of bone tools. The LSA was associated with
369:
and begins about 50,000 years ago. The LSA is characterized by a wider variety in stone artifacts than in the previous MSA period. These artifacts vary with time and location, unlike
461:" is no longer favored by many archaeologists working in Africa due to the increasing evidence for development of modern human behavior earlier than 40,000-50,000 years ago.
2150:
325:
39,000 years ago. It is also thought that Later Stone Age peoples and/or their technologies spread out of Africa over the next several thousand years.
789:
328:
The terms "Early Stone Age", "Middle Stone Age" and "Later Stone Age" in the context of
African archaeology are not to be confused with the terms
2547:
2288:
1884:
352:
Originally, the Later Stone Age was defined as several stone industries and/or cultures which included other evidence of human activity, such as
431:
The lithic technologies of the Later Stone Age often fall into Modes 4 and 5. They have been further broken into four stages within the LSA.
2503:
2012:
2335:
1786:
2659:
438:
dated to between ca. 40,000 and ca. 19,000 B.P. labeled early LSA (ELSA), or as late MSA, or as MSA/LSA transitions or interfaces
652:
McBrearty, S.; Brooks, A. S. (2000). "The revolution that wasn't: a new interpretation of the origin of modern human behavior".
132:
782:
620:
292:
1913:
819:
753:
636:
2120:
2007:
2532:
1923:
961:
775:
97:
2145:
1675:
935:
1003:
2140:
1680:
1153:
829:
2644:
1106:
2649:
2408:
2209:
555:
Henshilwood, Christopher S.; Marean, Curtis W. (December 2003). "The Origin of Modern Human
Behavior".
157:
2654:
2214:
2029:
687:
Ambrose, Stanley H. (1998). "Chronology of the Later Stone Age and Food
Production in East Africa".
520:
Ambrose, Stanley H. (1998). "Chronology of the Later Stone Age and Food
Production in East Africa".
2403:
1495:
1040:
1567:
1562:
2520:
2430:
1602:
1369:
1188:
1121:
853:
285:
2608:
2482:
2088:
1979:
1967:
1663:
1404:
1243:
880:
814:
798:
441:
Nonmicrolithic, bladelet-poor industries with dates between ca. 40,000 B.P. and ca. 19,000 B.P.
435:
353:
251:
2347:
2283:
2157:
1850:
1776:
1550:
1545:
1483:
1422:
1359:
1307:
1300:
846:
427:
portions of composite tools that may include wood or bone, often abruptly retouched or backed
374:
221:
1732:
724:
The First
Africans: African Archaeology From the Earliest Toolmakers to Most Recent Foragers
593:
Wadley, Lyn (September 1993). "The
Pleistocene Later Stone Age South of the Limpopo River".
2613:
2564:
2559:
2542:
2537:
2515:
2305:
2019:
1872:
1764:
1668:
1461:
1146:
945:
888:
696:
529:
341:
235:
148:
1116:
8:
2603:
2268:
2073:
1906:
1439:
1312:
1193:
1168:
399:
216:
700:
533:
61:
2554:
2457:
2359:
2172:
1354:
1084:
1050:
495:
457:
stone tool-using hunter/gatherer populations in southern Africa. The model of the LSA "
333:
314:
278:
211:
109:
2596:
2586:
2576:
2525:
2182:
2100:
1394:
1379:
1364:
1344:
1235:
1214:
1025:
868:
762:
749:
669:
632:
625:
572:
470:
337:
329:
139:
83:
2591:
2498:
2241:
2024:
1824:
1744:
1700:
1500:
1322:
1173:
1133:
704:
661:
602:
564:
537:
480:
475:
370:
366:
318:
246:
172:
113:
2083:
2039:
444:
Microlithic industries with bladelets dated between ca. 18,000 and ca. 12,000 B.P.
2472:
2442:
2204:
2132:
2110:
2068:
1963:
1933:
1798:
1793:
1444:
1327:
898:
414:
Mode 2: Tools made through bifacial reduction produced from large flakes or cores
206:
165:
143:
2581:
2508:
2330:
2295:
2226:
2115:
1987:
1695:
1280:
1270:
1091:
1072:
500:
382:
27:
420:
Mode 4: Punch-struck blades that are adapted into a variety of different tools
2638:
2467:
2452:
2398:
2376:
2273:
2261:
2177:
2046:
1928:
1889:
1877:
1865:
1577:
1488:
1417:
1158:
1101:
1079:
988:
920:
915:
893:
741:
239:
190:
152:
1008:
447:
Nonmicrolithic, bladelet-poor industries dating between 12,000 and 8000 B.P.
2386:
2342:
2323:
2278:
2078:
2002:
1759:
1754:
1710:
1337:
1219:
1183:
1163:
1015:
993:
905:
708:
673:
665:
576:
541:
378:
268:
2435:
2425:
2415:
2371:
2366:
2318:
2256:
2219:
2192:
2093:
2063:
1938:
1860:
1781:
1769:
1530:
1515:
1505:
1476:
1434:
1349:
1317:
1265:
1198:
1035:
910:
767:
490:
119:
77:
2569:
2462:
2420:
2236:
2199:
2162:
2058:
1645:
1557:
1384:
1285:
1258:
1178:
976:
930:
841:
809:
606:
485:
178:
102:
2477:
2246:
2231:
1829:
1814:
1739:
1722:
1640:
1525:
1466:
1456:
1451:
1374:
1253:
1141:
1067:
834:
824:
424:
227:
186:
53:
37:
377:, but this view was modified after discoveries in MSA sites such as
2251:
2187:
2034:
1992:
1727:
1635:
1510:
1332:
1295:
1275:
568:
201:
68:
41:
African biface (scraper/cutting tool) dated to the Later Stone Age.
2313:
2105:
2051:
1997:
1819:
1625:
1535:
1389:
1290:
1248:
1111:
1030:
983:
971:
588:
586:
408:
256:
2381:
1918:
1896:
1749:
1685:
1630:
1020:
998:
966:
940:
548:
583:
2447:
2167:
1901:
1855:
1717:
1572:
1520:
1096:
1062:
194:
126:
2393:
2354:
1834:
1690:
1620:
1540:
1412:
925:
91:
31:
African biface (spear point) dated to the Later Stone Age.
1705:
1471:
1429:
411:
tool industries, also known as pebble tool industries
360:
715:
624:
554:
2636:
651:
721:
783:
286:
797:
790:
776:
722:Barham, Lawrence; Mitchell, Peter (2009).
293:
279:
36:
26:
726:. New York: Cambridge University Press.
686:
519:
417:Mode 3: Flake tools from prepared cores
2637:
740:
592:
133:Recent African origin of modern humans
1961:
1600:
866:
771:
619:
451:
1962:
392:
744:(1999). "Learning about the past".
13:
763:The Stone Age of southern Tanzania
734:
14:
2671:
1914:Megalithic architectural elements
689:Journal of Archaeological Science
522:Journal of Archaeological Science
1601:
746:Human Beginnings in South Africa
623:(2003). "Body before behavior".
361:Transition from Middle Stone Age
2533:Evolutionary origin of religion
2660:Archaeology of Southern Africa
680:
645:
613:
513:
1:
2146:Art of the Middle Paleolithic
1676:British megalith architecture
2141:Art of the Upper Paleolithic
1681:Nordic megalith architecture
506:
16:Period in African prehistory
7:
595:Journal of World Prehistory
464:
10:
2676:
2289:British Isles and Brittany
2210:Gwion Gwion rock paintings
748:. Cape Town: D. Phillips.
347:
158:Origin of the domestic dog
2491:
2304:
2131:
1978:
1974:
1957:
1843:
1807:
1656:
1613:
1609:
1596:
1403:
1234:
1207:
1132:
1058:
1049:
954:
879:
875:
867:
862:
805:
631:. New York, N.Y.: Wiley.
627:The Dawn of Human Culture
21:
2521:Evolutionary musicology
1924:Oldest extant buildings
1851:Archaeological features
1370:Prepared-core technique
2483:Unchambered long cairn
2331:Mound Builders culture
1664:Neolithic architecture
799:Prehistoric technology
709:10.1006/jasc.1997.0277
666:10.1006/jhev.2000.0435
542:10.1006/jasc.1997.0277
436:Microlithic industries
354:ostrich eggshell beads
42:
32:
2158:List of Stone Age art
1360:Microblade technology
1308:Langdale axe industry
906:Ard / plough
375:modern human behavior
222:Pre-Pottery Neolithic
120:Homo neanderthalensis
40:
30:
2565:Prehistoric medicine
2560:Prehistoric counting
2543:Prehistoric religion
2538:Paleolithic religion
2516:Behavioral modernity
1873:Causewayed enclosure
1765:Abri de la Madeleine
889:Neolithic Revolution
557:Current Anthropology
365:The LSA follows the
342:behavioral modernity
236:Neolithic Revolution
149:Behavioral modernity
2604:Prehistoric warfare
1350:Magdalenian culture
1313:Levallois technique
1244:Earliest toolmaking
701:1998JArSc..25..377A
534:1998JArSc..25..377A
217:Trihedral Neolithic
2645:Prehistoric Africa
2555:Origin of language
2548:Spiritual drug use
2458:Rectangular dolmen
2360:Dartmoor kistvaens
2173:Carved stone balls
1885:Circular enclosure
1844:Other architecture
1787:Alp pile dwellings
1375:Solutrean industry
1286:Gravettian culture
936:Secondary products
607:10.1007/bf00974721
496:Nasera Rockshelter
452:Potential problems
334:Middle Paleolithic
315:African prehistory
212:Shepherd Neolithic
110:Middle Paleolithic
43:
33:
2650:Upper Paleolithic
2632:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2577:Prehistoric music
2526:music archaeology
2183:Cup and ring mark
2008:Clothing/textiles
1953:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1395:Yubetsu technique
1380:Striking platform
1345:Lithic technology
1230:
1229:
1215:Game drive system
1134:Projectile points
1026:Mortar and pestle
471:Upper Paleolithic
393:Lithic technology
338:Upper Paleolithic
330:Lower Paleolithic
317:that follows the
313:) is a period in
303:
302:
252:Pottery Neolithic
140:Upper Paleolithic
84:Lower Paleolithic
47:
46:
2667:
2655:Stone Age Africa
2592:Divje Babe flute
2499:Archaeoastronomy
2242:Petrosomatoglyph
1976:
1975:
1959:
1958:
1808:Water management
1611:
1610:
1598:
1597:
1501:Denticulate tool
1323:Lithic reduction
1056:
1055:
877:
876:
864:
863:
792:
785:
778:
769:
768:
759:
728:
727:
719:
713:
712:
684:
678:
677:
649:
643:
642:
630:
617:
611:
610:
590:
581:
580:
552:
546:
545:
517:
481:Enkapune Ya Muto
476:Middle Stone Age
459:human revolution
371:Middle Stone Age
367:Middle Stone Age
319:Middle Stone Age
295:
288:
281:
247:Khiamian culture
114:Middle Stone Age
87:Early Stone Age
49:
48:
19:
18:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2620:
2487:
2473:Stone box grave
2443:Megalithic tomb
2348:Cotswold-Severn
2300:
2205:Guardian stones
2133:Prehistoric art
2127:
1970:
1945:
1934:Timber trackway
1839:
1803:
1799:Wattle and daub
1652:
1631:Standing stones
1605:
1584:
1399:
1226:
1203:
1128:
1045:
955:Food processing
950:
899:New World crops
871:
858:
801:
796:
756:
737:
735:Further reading
732:
731:
720:
716:
685:
681:
650:
646:
639:
618:
614:
591:
584:
553:
549:
518:
514:
509:
467:
454:
395:
363:
350:
307:Later Stone Age
299:
238:
207:Heavy Neolithic
168:
166:Epipalaeolithic
156:
144:Later Stone Age
142:
112:
98:Control of fire
86:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2673:
2663:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2630:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2606:
2601:
2600:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2582:Alligator drum
2574:
2573:
2572:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2518:
2513:
2512:
2511:
2509:lunar calendar
2506:
2495:
2493:
2492:Other cultural
2489:
2488:
2486:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2433:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2396:
2391:
2390:
2389:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2363:
2362:
2352:
2351:
2350:
2340:
2339:
2338:
2328:
2327:
2326:
2321:
2310:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2296:Venus figurine
2293:
2292:
2291:
2286:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2259:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2227:Megalithic art
2224:
2223:
2222:
2217:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2196:
2195:
2185:
2180:
2178:Cave paintings
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2143:
2137:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2097:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2061:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1984:
1982:
1980:Material goods
1972:
1971:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1899:
1894:
1893:
1892:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1870:
1869:
1868:
1858:
1853:
1847:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1779:
1774:
1773:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1714:
1713:
1703:
1698:
1696:Cliff dwelling
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1660:
1658:
1654:
1653:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1628:
1623:
1617:
1615:
1607:
1606:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1492:
1491:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1426:
1425:
1415:
1409:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1281:Fire hardening
1278:
1273:
1271:Clovis culture
1268:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1240:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1194:Manis Mastodon
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1150:
1149:
1138:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1094:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1073:throwing stick
1065:
1059:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1012:
1011:
1006:
996:
991:
986:
981:
980:
979:
969:
964:
958:
956:
952:
951:
949:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
902:
901:
896:
885:
883:
873:
872:
860:
859:
857:
856:
851:
850:
849:
839:
838:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
806:
803:
802:
795:
794:
787:
780:
772:
766:
765:
760:
754:
742:Deacon, Hilary
736:
733:
730:
729:
714:
695:(4): 377–392.
679:
660:(5): 453–563.
644:
637:
621:Klein, Richard
612:
601:(3): 243–296.
582:
569:10.1086/377665
563:(5): 627–651.
547:
528:(4): 377–392.
511:
510:
508:
505:
504:
503:
501:Panga ya Saidi
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
466:
463:
453:
450:
449:
448:
445:
442:
439:
429:
428:
421:
418:
415:
412:
394:
391:
383:Pinnacle Point
362:
359:
349:
346:
301:
300:
298:
297:
290:
283:
275:
272:
271:
264:
263:
262:
261:
260:
259:
249:
244:
243:
242:
225:
224:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
198:
197:
191:Bow and Arrows
176:
175:
163:
162:
161:
160:
137:
136:
135:
130:
123:
107:
106:
105:
100:
95:
73:
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57:
56:
45:
44:
34:
23:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2672:
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2500:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2490:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2468:Simple dolmen
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2453:Passage grave
2451:
2449:
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2399:Gallery grave
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2329:
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2314:Burial mounds
2312:
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2307:
2303:
2297:
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2287:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2274:Statue menhir
2272:
2270:
2267:
2263:
2262:Stone carving
2260:
2258:
2255:
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2134:
2130:
2122:
2119:
2117:
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2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2101:Sewing needle
2099:
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2018:
2014:
2011:
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1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
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1983:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1960:
1956:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1929:Timber circle
1927:
1925:
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1917:
1915:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1883:
1879:
1878:Tor enclosure
1876:
1875:
1874:
1871:
1867:
1866:fulacht fiadh
1864:
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1102:spear-thrower
1100:
1099:
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1080:Bow and arrow
1078:
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1019:
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997:
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989:Grinding slab
987:
985:
982:
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975:
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968:
965:
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957:
953:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
921:Domestication
919:
917:
916:Digging stick
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
900:
897:
895:
894:Founder crops
892:
891:
890:
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882:
878:
874:
870:
865:
861:
855:
852:
848:
845:
844:
843:
840:
836:
835:New Stone Age
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
812:
811:
808:
807:
804:
800:
793:
788:
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779:
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764:
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757:
755:0-86486-417-5
751:
747:
743:
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718:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
683:
675:
671:
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663:
659:
655:
648:
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638:0-471-25252-2
634:
629:
628:
622:
616:
608:
604:
600:
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589:
587:
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574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
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543:
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531:
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406:
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401:
390:
386:
384:
380:
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372:
368:
358:
355:
345:
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331:
326:
322:
320:
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308:
296:
291:
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277:
276:
274:
273:
270:
266:
265:
258:
255:
254:
253:
250:
248:
245:
241:
240:Domestication
237:
234:
233:
232:
231:
230:
229:
223:
220:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
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196:
192:
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185:
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174:
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159:
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138:
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89:
88:
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81:
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75:
74:
70:
66:
65:
59:
58:
55:
51:
50:
39:
35:
29:
25:
24:
20:
2409:wedge-shaped
2394:Funeral pyre
2387:Great dolmen
2343:Chamber tomb
2324:Round barrow
2279:Stone circle
2151:Blombos Cave
2079:Grooved ware
2003:Chalcolithic
1907:Thornborough
1825:Flush toilet
1760:Blombos Cave
1755:Rock shelter
1711:Quiggly hole
1603:Architecture
1578:illustration
1220:Buffalo jump
1041:Storage pits
1004:Aşıklı Höyük
994:Ground stone
830:Subdivisions
745:
723:
717:
692:
688:
682:
657:
654:J. Hum. Evol
653:
647:
626:
615:
598:
594:
560:
556:
550:
525:
521:
515:
458:
455:
430:
396:
387:
379:Blombos Cave
364:
351:
327:
323:
310:
306:
304:
269:Chalcolithic
226:
177:
164:
127:Homo sapiens
125:
118:
90:
76:
63:
2431:unchambered
2426:Long barrow
2416:Grave goods
2372:Court cairn
2367:Clava cairn
2319:Bowl barrow
2257:Rock cupule
2200:Golden hats
2193:Hill figure
2094:Unstan ware
2074:Cord-marked
1939:Sweet Track
1861:Burnt mound
1782:Stilt house
1770:Sibudu Cave
1563:Tally stick
1531:Quern-stone
1516:Hammerstone
1506:Fire plough
1477:Pesse canoe
1435:Bannerstone
1405:Other tools
1318:Lithic core
1266:Aurignacian
1154:Bare Island
1036:Quern-stone
491:Mumbwa Cave
103:Stone tools
78:Paleolithic
2639:Categories
2570:trepanning
2463:Ring cairn
2421:Jar burial
2404:transepted
2336:U.S. sites
2237:Petroglyph
2163:Bird stone
2121:wine press
1794:Stone roof
1777:Roundhouse
1669:long house
1646:Stonehenge
1614:Ceremonial
1558:Stone tool
1385:Tool stone
1355:Metallurgy
1259:Mousterian
1236:Toolmaking
1174:Cumberland
1147:Transverse
1117:Schöningen
1009:Qesem cave
977:Earth oven
931:Irrigation
842:Technology
810:Prehistory
486:Mumba Cave
187:Microliths
179:Mesolithic
2614:symbolism
2478:Tor cairn
2436:Grønsalen
2377:Cremation
2269:Sculpture
2247:Pictogram
2232:Petroform
2052:amber use
2020:Cosmetics
1830:Reservoir
1815:Check dam
1745:Pueblitos
1740:Pit-house
1723:Longhouse
1657:Dwellings
1526:Microlith
1457:Bow drill
1452:Bone tool
1445:prismatic
1254:Acheulean
1169:Cresswell
1142:Arrowhead
1068:Boomerang
984:Granaries
946:Terracing
825:Stone Age
507:Footnotes
425:Microlith
400:Levallois
228:Neolithic
54:Stone Age
2252:Rock art
2215:painting
2188:Geoglyph
2013:timeline
1993:Beadwork
1733:Mehrgarh
1728:Mudbrick
1636:megalith
1511:Fire-saw
1333:debitage
1328:analysis
1296:Hand axe
1276:Cupstone
854:Glossary
815:Timeline
674:11102266
577:14971366
465:See also
423:Mode 5:
407:Mode 1:
202:Tahunian
173:Natufian
69:Pliocene
2609:Symbols
2220:pigment
2106:Weaving
2069:Cardium
2064:Pottery
2059:Mirrors
2047:Jewelry
1988:Baskets
1968:culture
1820:Cistern
1626:Pyramid
1568:Weapons
1546:Scraper
1536:Racloir
1496:Cleaver
1484:Chopper
1390:Uniface
1301:Grooves
1291:Hafting
1249:Oldowan
1208:Systems
1159:Cascade
1122:woomera
1112:harpoon
1085:history
1051:Hunting
1031:Pottery
972:Cooking
881:Farming
847:history
820:Outline
697:Bibcode
530:Bibcode
409:Oldowan
348:Origins
257:Pottery
62:before
2587:flutes
2382:Dolmen
2306:Burial
2116:winery
2089:Linear
1919:Midden
1897:Cursus
1890:Goseck
1750:Pueblo
1701:Dugout
1686:Burdei
1365:Mining
1189:Lamoka
1184:Folsom
1164:Clovis
1021:Metate
999:Hearth
967:Basket
941:Sickle
752:
672:
635:
575:
336:, and
195:Canoes
153:Atlatl
2504:sites
2448:Mummy
2168:Cairn
2084:JĹŤmon
2035:shoes
2030:Hides
1902:Henge
1856:Broch
1718:Jacal
1573:Wheel
1521:Knife
1467:Canoe
1462:Burin
1440:Blade
1338:flake
1199:Plano
1107:baton
1097:Spear
1063:Arrow
1016:Manos
869:Tools
2597:gudi
2355:Cist
2284:list
2111:Wine
2040:Ă–tzi
2025:Glue
1998:Beds
1966:and
1964:Arts
1835:Well
1691:Cave
1621:Kiva
1551:side
1541:Rope
1489:tool
1423:bone
1413:Adze
1179:Eden
1092:Nets
962:Fire
926:Goad
911:Celt
750:ISBN
670:PMID
633:ISBN
573:PMID
381:and
305:The
92:Homo
64:Homo
52:The
1706:Hut
1641:row
1472:Oar
1430:Axe
1418:Awl
705:doi
662:doi
603:doi
565:doi
538:doi
385:.
321:.
311:LSA
2641::
703:.
693:25
691:.
668:.
658:39
656:.
597:.
585:^
571:.
561:44
559:.
536:.
526:25
524:.
344:.
332:,
267:↓
193:,
189:,
155:,
151:,
60:↑
791:e
784:t
777:v
758:.
711:.
707::
699::
676:.
664::
641:.
609:.
605::
599:7
579:.
567::
544:.
540::
532::
309:(
294:e
287:t
280:v
71:)
67:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
