622:
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90:
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310:) on 11 December 1993. It remained the base's only dwelling facility (with tents used when additional accommodation was necessary) until a new main building was completed in 1998. Occupied during all summer seasons since 1993, the hut has proved most suitable under local conditions. It has also been used as a
249:
core) with a mess area and accommodation capacity for 6 persons. It has a particular technical and architectural value in its materials, design and method of construction, namely in the ingenuity and skills demonstrated by the
Bulgarian scientists and technical personnel who, by using material at
1960:
258:, into a cozy and hospitable Antarctic facility much favoured by people from various nations visiting or working at the Bulgarian base. The experience gained during the construction and maintenance of the Lame Dog Hut was instrumental in the subsequent expansion of the Bulgarian base.
1931:
1867:
1909:
294:
was assembled on
Livingston Island during the First Bulgarian Antarctic Expedition by the team of Zlatil Vergilov, Asen Chakarov, Stefan Kaloyanov and Nikolay Mihnevski from 26 to 28 April 1988, with the logistic support of the
366:
were removed and replaced by new ones), the hut and its associated artefacts are considered part of the cultural and historic heritage of the island and
Antarctica. Another Historic Site or Monument on Livingston Island is the
305:
under
Captain Feliks Pesyakov. It was renovated and, together with the adjacent Russian Hut, a small storehouse, commissioned as Antarctic base St. Kliment Ohridski (often shortened by non-Bulgarians to
270:
dates to around 1999, when the hut was found bouncing in the wind with its support legs damaged during the winter. This somewhat peculiar name became established both in common usage and also in the
154:. It was the first permanent building established by Bulgaria in Antarctica, which laid the foundations for Bulgaria's systematic scientific research in the Livingston Island area under the
475:
Antarctica, South
Shetland Islands, Livingston Island: Bulgarian Antarctic Base. Sheets 1 and 2. Scale 1:2000 topographic map. Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre Agency, 2016. (in Bulgarian)
2737:
342:
Since
October 2012 the Lame Dog Hut has been hosting a museum exhibition of associated artefacts from the early Bulgarian science and logistic operations in Antarctica, designated as
301:
449:(from English Strait to Morton Strait, with illustrations and ice-cover distribution). Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Sofia: Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, 2005.
3389:
2730:
1296:
1955:
1750:
1921:
678:
2051:
1714:
3364:
2723:
1533:
442:. Scale 1:1000 topographic map. Sofia: Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, 1996. (The first Bulgarian Antarctic topographic map, in Bulgarian)
2503:
1862:
1943:
1926:
362:, effective 31 October 2015). As the oldest preserved building on Livingston Island (since 2009, when the old buildings of the nearby Spanish base
3404:
1261:
485:
1904:
565:
516:
Proposal to add the Lame Dog Hut at the
Bulgarian base St. Kliment Ohridski on Livingston Island to the List of Historic Sites and Monuments.
481:
Scale 1:250000 topographic map of
Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated.
237:
in the foreground and
Russian Hut, Lame Dog Hut (light green painted), the Laboratory, Casa España and the Main Building in the background.
79:
34:
3139:
2188:
2142:
794:
453:
3409:
2746:
2313:
1894:
1198:
446:
398:
372:
359:
355:
159:
3267:
918:
671:
435:
Mapa topográfico de escala 1:25000. Madrid: Servicio Geográfico del Ejército, 1991. (Map reproduced on p. 16 of the linked work)
2849:
1938:
69:
3399:
2803:
1967:
286:
The
Bulgarian base in 2003, with Lame Dog Hut on the right, Russian Hut on the left, and the new main building in the background.
1916:
1455:
1053:
799:
545:
493:
469:
461:
151:
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664:
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1670:
1084:
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2508:
1472:
1132:
556:
Pimpirev, C. and N. Davidov. 2003. Antarctica: The Extreme South. Sofia: St. Kliment Ohridski University Press. 60 pp.
146:, Antarctica. Presently the oldest preserved building on the island, since October 2012 the hut has been hosting the
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246:
173:
1271:
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2604:
2518:
2031:
1281:
74:
710:
432:
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2936:
2599:
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2260:
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1818:
1443:
1045:
822:
687:
581:
Revised List of Antarctic Historic Sites and Monuments: Lame Dog Hut and Oversnow heavy tractor “Kharkovchanka”.
3384:
3374:
2472:
1665:
827:
439:
2147:
781:
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1719:
1237:
753:
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202:
29:
201:, which is 70 m south by east of the main building of St. Kliment Ohridski base and 200 m from the coast of
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2021:
1704:
1562:
1504:
1318:
984:
804:
338:
The hut's mess area, presently hosting the post office, the radio shack and part of the museum exhibition.
250:
hand, converted what was, basically, a standard dwelling container designed for use in the then Bulgarian
2699:
2487:
2419:
2308:
1772:
1313:
870:
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2813:
2569:
2554:
2513:
2477:
2174:
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969:
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612:
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Bulgaria successfully completed the Chairmanship of the XXXVIII Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting.
2228:
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135:
115:
94:
39:
1899:
1801:
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1002:
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906:
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49:
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2205:
1874:
1354:
944:
930:
540:. Eds. C. Pimpirev and N. Chipev. Sofia: St. Kliment Ohridski University Press, 2015. pp. 17-28.
155:
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2016:
1550:
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992:
368:
234:
143:
54:
1682:
2715:
2614:
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2454:
2296:
2240:
2218:
2026:
2001:
1521:
1516:
626:
3312:
3113:
3025:
2098:
2061:
1784:
1330:
1286:
882:
515:
2954:
8:
3068:
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2323:
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1726:
1035:
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363:
130:
106:
1291:
743:
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1699:
1624:
1619:
1431:
1383:
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1030:
894:
865:
541:
489:
465:
457:
424:
408:
139:
3214:
2913:
2798:
2780:
2661:
2006:
1977:
1850:
1806:
1738:
1709:
1482:
1477:
1371:
1225:
1007:
718:
638:
385:
229:
656:
592:
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64:
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2011:
1789:
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1203:
1183:
997:
766:
761:
733:
376:
255:
210:
188:
175:
59:
580:
454:
Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands.
3199:
3194:
3088:
3048:
3005:
2982:
2823:
2078:
1996:
1545:
1266:
1144:
738:
723:
380:
296:
218:
1948:
447:
Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands
3292:
3144:
3131:
3083:
3015:
2964:
2928:
2388:
2368:
2255:
1687:
1629:
1301:
1208:
1022:
456:
Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2010.
379:, which commemorates the 644 officers, soldiers and seamen lost when the
315:
311:
205:, at elevation 15.5 m. It stands between two branches of the melt-water
334:
89:
3320:
3287:
3098:
3053:
3000:
2867:
2772:
2762:
2754:
2445:
2318:
2197:
1830:
1108:
853:
533:
291:
16:
Building in St. Kliment Ohridski Base on Livingston Island, Antarctica
3338:
3073:
2841:
2358:
2083:
2046:
2041:
1991:
3159:
3040:
2383:
1972:
1120:
583:
Measure 19 (2015) – ATCM XXXVIII – CEP XVIII, Sofia, 1–10 June 2015
488:. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2017.
251:
1767:
2745:
2166:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1579:
814:
595:
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria website, 10 June 2015
478:
346:– a branch of the National Museum of History in Sofia.
120:
610:
686:
604:
534:
General Geography and History of Livingston Island.
518:
Working Paper CEP WP017. ATCM Sofia, 1–10 June 2015
2504:Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs
3351:
241:The Lame Dog Hut is a Bulgarian-made 6 by 3.5 m
3390:Historic buildings and structures in Antarctica
568:National Museum of History, Sofia, October 2012
93:Location of Lame Dog Hut in the Bulgarian base
486:Antarctica: Livingston Island and Smith Island
354:Since June 2015 the hut has been designated a
2731:
2182:
672:
605:Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria
566:Certificate of the Livingston Island Museum.
440:St. Kliment Ohridski Base, Livingston Island
427:with the bases and base camps on the island.
603:This article includes information from the
329:
3365:Buildings and structures completed in 1988
2747:Historic Sites and Monuments in Antarctica
2738:
2724:
2189:
2175:
679:
665:
399:Historic Sites and Monuments in Antarctica
538:Bulgarian Antarctic Research: A Synthesis
233:The Bulgarian base in 2012, with the new
2850:Pole of Inaccessibility research station
528:
526:
524:
418:
333:
281:
228:
88:
511:
509:
3405:Outposts of the South Shetland Islands
3352:
576:
574:
2719:
2170:
1598:
1167:
698:
660:
559:
521:
129:
2695:
506:
571:
152:National Museum of History in Sofia
13:
14:
3421:
3410:1988 establishments in Antarctica
479:Antarctic Digital Database (ADD).
35:National Centre of Polar Research
2694:
2685:
2684:
2444:
644:
632:
620:
433:Isla Livingston: Península Hurd.
349:
224:
75:Antarctic Place-names Commission
70:Bulgarian toponyms in Antarctica
688:Research stations in Antarctica
389:sank nearby in September 1819.
158:. The building is a designated
3400:Geography of Livingston Island
2196:
699:
607:which is used with permission.
586:
550:
290:The prefabricated hut made in
245:structure (metal face sheets,
1:
499:
272:Bulgarian Antarctic Institute
30:Bulgarian Antarctic Institute
7:
3370:Museums established in 2012
392:
274:’s official documentation.
261:
165:
121:
80:Military Geographic Service
10:
3426:
3395:Bulgaria and the Antarctic
3140:Bernardo O'Higgins Station
1599:
1168:
277:
131:[ˈkut͡sotoˈkut͡ʃɛ]
3329:
3311:
3248:Antarctic Treaty Monument
3238:
3130:
3112:
3039:
2991:
2973:
2945:
2927:
2904:
2876:
2858:
2840:
2822:
2789:
2771:
2753:
2680:
2633:
2532:
2496:
2453:
2442:
2397:
2346:
2269:
2204:
1605:
1594:
1174:
1163:
1072:
1044:
1021:
983:
960:
841:
813:
780:
752:
709:
705:
694:
404:St. Kliment Ohridski Base
356:Historic Site or Monument
160:Historic Site or Monument
136:St. Kliment Ohridski Base
110:
40:St. Kliment Ohridski Base
3268:Henryk Arctowski Station
2937:A.B. Dobrowolski Station
2354:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
344:Livingston Island Museum
330:Livingston Island Museum
148:Livingston Island Museum
50:Livingston Island Museum
2878:Princess Elizabeth Land
1939:Pole of Inaccessibility
414:
156:Antarctic Treaty System
3360:Outposts of Antarctica
428:
339:
287:
238:
235:St. Ivan Rilski Chapel
170:The hut is located at
144:South Shetland Islands
98:
55:St. Ivan Rilski Chapel
22:Bulgaria in Antarctica
3385:History of Antarctica
3375:Museums in Antarctica
464:(First edition 2009.
422:
337:
285:
232:
189:62.64139°S 60.36472°W
92:
3026:Inexpressible Island
1250:St. Kliment Ohridski
194:-62.64139; -60.36472
95:St. Kliment Ohridski
3253:Arturo Prat Station
3069:Hut Point Peninsula
2860:Mac. Robertson Land
2832:Proclamation Island
2781:Belgrano II Station
2667:Robert Falcon Scott
2324:South magnetic pole
2282:Antarctic Peninsula
2277:Biogeographic realm
1500:Gabriel de Castilla
445:L.L. Ivanov et al.
423:Topographic map of
324:Bulgarian Posts Plc
185: /
134:) is a building in
3258:Great Wall Station
3205:San Martin Station
3021:Hells Gate Moraine
2804:Humboldt Mountains
2605:Telecommunications
2519:Territorial claims
1238:Princess Elisabeth
429:
340:
288:
239:
217:, and overlooking
150:, a branch of the
99:
3347:
3346:
3331:Stonington Island
3220:Stonington Island
3180:Metchnikoff Point
3155:Esperanza Station
2955:Débarquement Rock
2809:Schirmacher Oasis
2713:
2712:
2672:Ernest Shackleton
2600:Research stations
2545:Antarctic English
2514:National programs
2509:Military activity
2483:COVID-19 pandemic
2440:
2439:
2309:Floristic Kingdom
2214:Antarctic sea ice
2164:
2163:
2160:
2159:
1700:Drescher Ice Camp
1590:
1589:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1085:Comandante Ferraz
805:Profesor Escudero
795:General O'Higgins
546:978-954-07-3939-7
494:978-619-90008-3-0
470:978-954-92032-6-4
462:978-954-92032-9-5
425:Livingston Island
409:Livingston Island
247:polyurethane foam
140:Livingston Island
119:
87:
86:
3417:
3215:Snow Hill Island
3175:Megalestris Hill
3165:Horseshoe Island
3094:Observation Hill
3059:Shackleton's Hut
2914:Buromskiy Island
2799:Dakshin Gangotri
2740:
2733:
2726:
2717:
2716:
2698:
2697:
2688:
2687:
2662:James Clark Ross
2634:Famous explorers
2448:
2267:
2266:
2191:
2184:
2177:
2168:
2167:
2151:
1981:
1964:
1952:
1935:
1913:
1871:
1739:Dakshin Gangotri
1723:
1596:
1595:
1165:
1164:
1003:Novolazarevskaya
871:Dumont d'Urville
707:
706:
696:
695:
681:
674:
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658:
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209:, surmounted by
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18:
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3416:
3415:
3414:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3343:
3325:
3307:
3263:Half Moon Beach
3240:South Shetlands
3234:
3225:Waterboat Point
3185:Paradise Harbor
3150:Detaille Island
3126:
3114:Edward VII Land
3108:
3079:McMurdo Station
3035:
2987:
2969:
2941:
2923:
2906:Queen Mary Land
2900:
2896:Walkabout Rocks
2872:
2854:
2836:
2818:
2791:Queen Maud Land
2785:
2767:
2749:
2744:
2714:
2709:
2676:
2646:Richard E. Byrd
2629:
2590:Protected areas
2528:
2492:
2449:
2436:
2393:
2347:Bodies of Water
2342:
2331:West Antarctica
2287:East Antarctica
2265:
2200:
2195:
2165:
2156:
2145:
2131:World Park Base
2109:Little Rockford
1975:
1958:
1946:
1929:
1907:
1865:
1717:
1601:
1586:
1287:Julio Ripamonti
1272:González Videla
1184:Almirante Brown
1170:
1151:
1068:
1040:
1017:
979:
956:
837:
809:
800:Presidente Frei
776:
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631:
621:
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572:
564:
560:
555:
551:
531:
522:
514:
507:
502:
417:
395:
369:San Telmo Cairn
358:of Antarctica (
352:
332:
320:Antarctica 1090
280:
264:
256:northern Russia
227:
215:Sinemorets Hill
193:
191:
187:
184:
179:
176:
174:
172:
171:
168:
162:of Antarctica.
126:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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3413:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
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3335:
3333:
3327:
3326:
3324:
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3317:
3315:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3303:Yankee Harbour
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3244:
3242:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3232:
3227:
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3217:
3212:
3210:Seymour Island
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3162:
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3122:Scott Nunataks
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2891:Vostok Station
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2702:
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2678:
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2675:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2656:Ui-te-Rangiora
2653:
2651:Douglas Mawson
2648:
2643:
2641:Roald Amundsen
2637:
2635:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2627:
2622:
2617:
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2607:
2602:
2597:
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2587:
2582:
2580:Gateway cities
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2540:Antarctica Day
2536:
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2432:
2427:
2422:
2412:
2410:Microorganisms
2407:
2401:
2399:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2374:List of rivers
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2343:
2341:
2340:
2339:
2338:
2328:
2327:
2326:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2304:Extreme points
2301:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2284:
2279:
2273:
2271:
2264:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2226:
2224:Climate change
2216:
2210:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2194:
2193:
2186:
2179:
2171:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2138:Joint Stations
2135:
2134:
2133:
2123:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2104:Little America
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1987:United Kingdom
1984:
1983:
1982:
1970:
1965:
1953:
1944:Salyut Station
1941:
1936:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1855:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1823:
1822:
1821:
1811:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1777:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1755:
1754:
1753:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1731:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1685:
1675:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1646:
1645:
1644:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1582:
1580:Elichiribehety
1572:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1541:United Kingdom
1538:
1537:
1536:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1509:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1468:Leningradskaya
1460:
1459:
1458:
1448:
1447:
1446:
1436:
1435:
1434:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1376:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1326:Czech Republic
1323:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1277:Guillermo Mann
1274:
1269:
1264:
1254:
1253:
1252:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1113:
1112:
1111:
1101:
1100:
1099:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1054:Amundsen-Scott
1050:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1027:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
993:Bellingshausen
989:
987:
981:
980:
978:
977:
972:
966:
964:
958:
957:
955:
954:
953:
952:
947:
939:United Kingdom
935:
934:
933:
923:
922:
921:
911:
910:
909:
899:
898:
897:
887:
886:
885:
875:
874:
873:
868:
858:
857:
856:
849:Czech Republic
845:
843:
839:
838:
836:
835:
830:
825:
819:
817:
811:
810:
808:
807:
802:
797:
792:
786:
784:
778:
777:
775:
774:
769:
764:
758:
756:
750:
749:
747:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
715:
713:
703:
702:
692:
691:
684:
683:
676:
669:
661:
654:
653:
641:
629:
627:Earth sciences
598:
597:
585:
570:
558:
549:
520:
504:
503:
501:
498:
497:
496:
482:
476:
473:
450:
443:
436:
416:
413:
412:
411:
406:
401:
394:
391:
351:
348:
331:
328:
326:) since 1994.
322:maintained by
299:Research Ship
279:
276:
263:
260:
243:sandwich panel
226:
223:
207:Rezovski Creek
167:
164:
85:
84:
83:
82:
77:
72:
67:
65:Tangra 2004/05
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
37:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3422:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3380:Local museums
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3332:
3328:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3313:South Orkneys
3310:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3283:Pendulum Cove
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3241:
3237:
3231:
3230:Winter Island
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3190:Paulet Island
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3170:Lambda Island
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3129:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3064:Discovery Hut
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3038:
3032:
3031:Mount Dockery
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3011:Cape Wadworth
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2994:
2993:Victoria Land
2990:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2978:
2976:
2975:George V Land
2972:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2960:Petrel Island
2958:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2930:
2926:
2920:
2919:Mirny Station
2917:
2915:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2907:
2903:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2886:Tryne Islands
2884:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2875:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2861:
2857:
2851:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2821:
2815:
2814:Showa Station
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2770:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2741:
2736:
2734:
2729:
2727:
2722:
2721:
2718:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2693:
2691:
2683:
2682:
2679:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2585:Midwinter Day
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2531:
2525:
2524:Treaty System
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2452:
2447:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2396:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2379:McMurdo Sound
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2345:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2332:
2329:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2192:
2187:
2185:
2180:
2178:
2173:
2172:
2169:
2149:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2132:
2129:
2128:
2127:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2069:United States
2067:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1985:
1979:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1895:Komsomolskaya
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1885:Druzhnaya III
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1815:
1812:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1744:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1732:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1705:Georg Forster
1703:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1696:
1693:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1671:Arturo Parodi
1669:
1667:
1666:Aguirre Cerda
1664:
1663:
1662:
1659:
1655:
1654:King Baudouin
1652:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1638:
1635:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1604:
1597:
1593:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1559:
1558:United States
1556:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1542:
1539:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1530:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1506:
1505:Juan Carlos I
1503:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1493:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1473:Molodyozhnaya
1471:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1380:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1297:Union Glacier
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1234:
1231:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1166:
1162:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1117:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1046:United States
1043:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
990:
988:
986:
982:
976:
973:
971:
968:
967:
965:
963:
959:
951:
948:
946:
943:
942:
941:
940:
936:
932:
929:
928:
927:
924:
920:
917:
916:
915:
912:
908:
905:
904:
903:
900:
896:
893:
892:
891:
888:
884:
881:
880:
879:
876:
872:
869:
867:
864:
863:
862:
859:
855:
852:
851:
850:
847:
846:
844:
840:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
820:
818:
816:
812:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
787:
785:
783:
779:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
759:
757:
755:
751:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
716:
714:
712:
708:
704:
697:
693:
689:
682:
677:
675:
670:
668:
663:
662:
659:
652:
642:
640:
630:
628:
618:
617:
614:
609:
608:
606:
594:
589:
582:
577:
575:
567:
562:
553:
547:
543:
539:
535:
529:
527:
525:
517:
512:
510:
505:
495:
491:
487:
484:L.L. Ivanov.
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
452:L.L. Ivanov.
451:
448:
444:
441:
438:L.L. Ivanov.
437:
434:
431:
430:
426:
421:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
396:
390:
388:
387:
382:
378:
377:Cape Shirreff
374:
370:
365:
364:Juan Carlos I
361:
357:
350:Historic Site
347:
345:
336:
327:
325:
321:
318:(Post Office
317:
313:
309:
308:Ohridski base
304:
303:
302:Mikhail Somov
298:
293:
284:
275:
273:
269:
259:
257:
253:
248:
244:
236:
231:
225:The structure
222:
220:
216:
212:
211:Pesyakov Hill
208:
204:
198:
163:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
132:
123:
122:Kutsoto Kuche
117:
108:
104:
96:
91:
81:
78:
76:
73:
71:
68:
66:
63:
61:
60:Camp Academia
58:
56:
53:
51:
48:
46:
43:
41:
38:
36:
33:
31:
28:
27:
26:
25:
21:
20:
3273:Lame Dog Hut
3272:
3200:Port Lockroy
3195:Port Charcot
3089:Mount Erebus
3049:Cape Crozier
3006:Cape Geology
2983:Cape Denison
2824:Enderby Land
2570:Firefighting
2555:Demographics
2478:Colonization
2473:World War II
2137:
2125:
2068:
1997:Port Lockroy
1986:
1956:Sodruzhestvo
1890:Druzhnaya IV
1880:Druzhnaya II
1858:Soviet Union
1857:
1851:Sarie Marais
1826:South Africa
1825:
1813:
1796:
1779:
1757:
1751:Giacomo Bove
1745:
1733:
1694:
1677:
1660:
1648:
1636:
1620:Belgrano III
1609:
1574:
1557:
1546:Fossil Bluff
1540:
1528:
1511:
1494:
1462:
1456:Law-Racoviță
1450:
1438:
1432:Machu Picchu
1426:
1414:
1402:
1390:
1378:
1361:
1349:
1337:
1325:
1308:
1282:Jorge Boonen
1256:
1244:
1232:
1220:
1178:
1139:
1127:
1116:South Africa
1115:
1103:
1091:
1079:
937:
925:
913:
901:
889:
883:Neumayer III
877:
860:
848:
790:Captain Prat
602:
601:
588:
561:
552:
537:
384:
353:
343:
341:
319:
307:
300:
289:
268:Lame Dog Hut
267:
265:
254:industry in
240:
219:Grand Lagoon
169:
147:
103:Lame Dog Hut
102:
100:
45:Lame Dog Hut
44:
3298:Whalers Bay
3293:Potter Cove
3278:Maxwell Bay
3145:Damoy Point
3132:Graham Land
3104:Scott's Hut
3084:Mount Betty
3016:Foyn Island
2965:Port Martin
2947:Adélie Land
2929:Wilkes Land
2658:(legendary)
2565:Field camps
2463:Expeditions
2389:Weddell Sea
2369:Lake Vostok
2364:Lake Mercer
2236:Ice shelves
2146: [
1976: [
1959: [
1947: [
1930: [
1922:Pionerskaya
1908: [
1875:Druzhnaya I
1866: [
1819:Dobrowolski
1780:New Zealand
1727:Neumayer II
1718: [
1688:Port Martin
1444:Dobrowolski
1391:New Zealand
1226:Vechernyaya
1104:New Zealand
1036:King Sejong
1023:South Korea
719:Belgrano II
532:Ivanov, L.
316:post office
312:radio shack
192: /
111:Куцото куче
3354:Categories
3321:Scotia Bay
3288:Point Wild
3099:Scott Base
3054:Cape Evans
3001:Cape Adare
2868:Cape Bruce
2773:Coats Land
2763:South Pole
2755:South Pole
2468:Heroic Age
2319:South Pole
2229:Heat waves
2198:Antarctica
1968:Sovetskaya
1831:Borga Base
1715:Neumayer I
1615:Belgrano I
1534:ITU PolReC
1292:Risopatrón
854:Eco-Nelson
823:Great Wall
744:San Martín
700:Year-round
500:References
292:Pazardzhik
180:60°21′53″W
177:62°38′29″S
3339:East Base
3074:Lewis Bay
2842:Kemp Land
2620:Transport
2359:Lake CECs
2336:ice sheet
2292:ice sheet
2261:Volcanoes
2251:Mountains
2206:Geography
2143:Weddell-1
2094:Ellsworth
2084:East Base
2062:Station W
2057:Station V
2052:Station T
2047:Station P
2042:Station O
2037:Station N
2032:Station J
2027:Station G
2022:Station F
2017:Station E
2012:Station D
2007:Station C
2002:Station B
1992:South Ice
1846:SANAE III
1768:Dome Fuji
1637:Australia
1625:Ellsworth
1610:Argentina
1384:Zucchelli
1343:Maldonado
1214:Primavera
1194:Decepción
1179:Argentina
1031:Jang Bogo
931:Vernadsky
919:Arctowski
895:Concordia
866:Concordia
828:Zhongshan
754:Australia
729:Esperanza
711:Argentina
639:Geography
386:San Telmo
266:The name
203:South Bay
116:romanized
107:Bulgarian
3160:Hope Bay
3041:Ross Sea
2690:Category
2595:Religion
2497:Politics
2415:Wildlife
2384:Ross Sea
2246:Glaciers
2074:Brockton
1973:Vostok I
1841:SANAE II
1807:Maudheim
1710:Filchner
1568:Shirreff
1483:Russkaya
1478:Progress
1415:Pakistan
1372:Gondwana
1262:Carvajal
1245:Bulgaria
1204:Melchior
1199:Matienzo
1121:SANAE IV
1008:Progress
734:Marambio
651:Bulgaria
393:See also
383:warship
262:The name
166:Location
2700:Commons
2615:Tourism
2560:Economy
2533:Society
2455:History
2425:Mammals
2314:Islands
2270:Regions
2241:Geology
2219:Climate
2114:Plateau
2099:Hallett
1900:Lazarev
1863:Druzhba
1836:SANAE I
1785:Hallett
1695:Germany
1683:Charcot
1649:Belgium
1575:Uruguay
1451:Romania
1362:Germany
1350:Finland
1338:Ecuador
1319:Taishan
1267:Collins
1233:Belgium
1221:Belarus
1145:Artigas
1140:Uruguay
1059:McMurdo
970:Bharati
950:Rothera
926:Ukraine
878:Germany
833:Qinling
739:Orcadas
724:Carlini
613:Portals
381:Spanish
278:History
252:logging
142:in the
118::
2297:shield
2256:Tundra
2089:Eights
1927:Pobeda
1814:Poland
1802:Norway
1797:Norway
1773:Mizuho
1678:France
1642:Wilkes
1630:Sobral
1600:Closed
1529:Turkey
1512:Sweden
1463:Russia
1439:Poland
1420:Jinnah
1403:Norway
1367:Kohnen
1331:Mendel
1314:Kunlun
1302:Yelcho
1209:Petrel
1189:Cámara
1169:Summer
1128:Turkey
1080:Brazil
1073:Others
1064:Palmer
1013:Vostok
985:Russia
975:Maitri
945:Halley
914:Poland
902:Norway
861:France
842:Europe
772:Mawson
544:
492:
468:
460:
373:HSM 59
360:HSM 91
297:Soviet
2705:Index
2625:Women
2575:Flags
2550:Crime
2488:Years
2430:Krill
2420:Birds
2405:Flora
2150:]
2126:Other
2119:Siple
1980:]
1963:]
1951:]
1934:]
1917:Oasis
1912:]
1870:]
1790:Vanda
1763:Asuka
1758:Japan
1746:Italy
1734:India
1722:]
1661:Chile
1563:Lenie
1551:Signy
1495:Spain
1488:Soyuz
1396:Vanda
1379:Italy
1309:China
1257:Chile
1109:Scott
1097:Showa
1092:Japan
998:Mirny
962:India
907:Troll
890:Italy
815:China
782:Chile
767:Davis
762:Casey
375:) at
2610:Time
2398:Life
2079:Byrd
1522:Wasa
1517:Svea
1427:Peru
1355:Aboa
1133:TARS
542:ISBN
536:In:
490:ISBN
466:ISBN
458:ISBN
415:Maps
314:and
213:and
127:IPA:
101:The
1905:Mir
1408:Tor
138:on
3356::
2148:ru
1978:es
1961:ru
1949:lt
1932:ru
1910:ru
1868:ru
1720:de
573:^
523:^
508:^
221:.
125:,
113:,
109::
2739:e
2732:t
2725:v
2190:e
2183:t
2176:v
680:e
673:t
666:v
615::
472:)
371:(
105:(
97:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
