31:
47:
492:
1577:
364:
383:
372:
1587:
54:
819:
826:
The Mashu-dake Hiking Course is a trail that goes along the crater rim and to the top of Mount Mashū. The trail leads through forest and grassland for about seven kilometers and takes about 2.5 to 3 hours to hike one way. There are no settlements along the shores of the lake. Access to the lakeshore
393:
Lake Mashū is surrounded by steep crater walls 200 metres (660 ft) high. It has no significant inlets and no outlet. The lake is one of the clearest in the world and one of the deepest in Japan. On August 1, 1931, the transparency of the water was measured at 41.6 metres (136 ft). Around
414:
In summer, the surface of Lake Mashū is often obscured by fog. There is usually fog covering around the lake for about 100 days of the year. This has given the lake a reputation for mysteriousness. A local legend says that if you can see the surface of the lake, you will have bad luck.
398:
was measured 40.5 metres (133 ft). This is the basis for the lake's claim to be the clearest in the world. Since the 1950s the transparency has tended to range between 20 and 30 metres (66 and 98 ft). The loss in transparency is probably due to the introduction of
46:
546:
1494:
1498:
1482:
103:
451:
by the
Japanese. Over time, however, the Japanese began to refer to the lake by the Japanese reading for the neighboring peak, Mount Mashū
1490:
1412:
1135:
1049:
1258:
30:
1645:
890:
1207:
828:
538:
387:
1033:
939:
272:
431:. Ainu language researcher Nagata Housei proposed that that the Japanese name originated from the Ainu Mas-un-to or
1615:
515:
caldera. The eruption that created the current caldera occurred around 7,000 years ago. The last eruption was a
1630:
1620:
1610:
1251:
1197:
841:
1115:
491:
1655:
1640:
1625:
527:
340:
1650:
1635:
1169:
545:, which forms the highest point on the eastern shore. A third volcano neighbors Kamuinupuri. It is
344:
1164:
1244:
1174:
955:
865:
1218:
382:
1143:
931:
923:
165:
135:
81:
1057:
332:
140:
8:
800:
572:. Some rock around the Mashū crater and Mount Nishibetsu is older still, dating from the
363:
77:
847:
1555:
1417:
996:
573:
151:
475:. The Ainu name for this peak, by which it is commonly known today, is Kamuinupuri or
1478:
1029:
966:
935:
293:
1532:
1424:
860:
851:
is based on this lake as the Sinnoh region is a fictionalized version of
Hokkaido.
689:
565:
561:
516:
1407:
1351:
642:
Explosive eruption of the central vent with pyroclastic flow and caldera collapse
1447:
1369:
1273:
898:
794:
1439:
1399:
1028:(First ed.). New York and Tokyo: Kodansha International. pp. 195–200.
792:
On the slopes around and above the lake grow a mixture of evergreen forest with
1451:
806:
782:
508:
400:
189:
179:
144:
1359:
1224:
579:
The following table lists the eruptions of the Mashū volcano and
Kamuinupuri.
1604:
1514:
1486:
1467:
1331:
1306:
1301:
1281:
1003:. Akan Tourism Association & Community Development Promotion Organization
970:
786:
512:
504:
496:
404:
321:
118:
105:
1463:
1374:
1591:
1581:
1429:
1379:
1311:
1291:
1336:
831:. Visitors may only view the lake from the designated observation towers.
1545:
1473:
1455:
1389:
1384:
1364:
1341:
1326:
1321:
965:(in Japanese). Center for Global Environmental Research. September 2004.
503:
Mashū formed less than 32,000 years ago. The caldera is the remains of a
479:. The lake also retains its Ainu name in a shortened form, as Kamuyto or
424:
395:
1563:
1296:
930:(Second ed.). Chico, California: Moon Publications, Inc. pp.
408:
152:
533:
Two volcanoes have grown out of the Mashū caldera. Kamuishu Island, a
411:. At the same time, the clarity of Lake Baikal has not been measured.
166:
1522:
1504:
1286:
751:
542:
534:
371:
329:
1087:, Journey of Hokkaidō Place Names—Notes on Ainu Language Place Names
1459:
759:
569:
553:
348:
85:
1024:
Hunt, Paul (1988). "32. Climbing an Active
Volcano: Meakan-dake".
1540:
1236:
775:
768:
375:
336:
423:
The origin of Lake Mashū's name is unclear. The lake's original
557:
520:
16:
Crater lake in Akan Mashu
National Park, Hokkaido island, Japan
537:
which rises from the middle of the lake, is one. The other is
1026:
Hiking in Japan: An
Adventurer's Guide to the Mountain Trails
818:
468:
352:
89:
1230:
1208:"Mashu: National catalogue of the active volcanoes in Japan"
897:. International Lake Environment Committee. Archived from
594:
1142:. Geological Survey of Japan, AIST. 2007. Archived from
977:
747:
The lake is inhabited by phytoplankton and zooplankton.
736:
Explosive eruption of a flank vent and caldera collapse
355:. It has been called the clearest lake in the world.
991:
989:
386:Map of Hokkaido showing location of Lake Mashū and
733:1,000,000,000 cubic metres (0.24 cu mi)
639:11,000,000,000 cubic metres (2.6 cu mi)
549:. Mount Nishibetsu probably predates the caldera.
986:
1602:
619:440,000,000 cubic metres (0.11 cu mi)
96:
1096:
530:of 6, the third highest among large volcanoes.
460:
444:
313:
1090:
1080:
454:
438:
307:
1252:
367:View from Viewing Platform No. 1 (July 2008)
1157:
1098:Hokkaidō Chimei no Tabi — Ainugo Chimei Kai
917:
915:
1259:
1245:
921:
1140:Seamless Digital Geological Map of Japan
1128:
912:
817:
490:
381:
370:
362:
552:The main rock type of the volcanoes is
1603:
1019:
1017:
885:
883:
881:
53:
1240:
1071:
963:Cger's Supercomputer Monograph Report
834:
435:This was then rendered as Lake Mashin
418:
1023:
1014:
948:
878:
829:Ministry of the Environment (Japan)
678:Explosive eruption of a flank vent
660:Explosive eruption of a flank vent
519:about 2,000 years ago that dropped
486:
471:for this peak translate roughly as
239:2.86 km (0.69 cu mi)
184:32.4 km (12.5 sq mi)
13:
1266:
922:Bisignani, J. D. (December 1993).
789:have been introduced to the lake.
742:
499:(left) & Mashu Caldera (right)
14:
1667:
1191:
1116:"Large Volcano Explocivity Index"
1585:
1575:
52:
45:
35:Lake Mashū, Japan, during winter
29:
1225:Mashu: Global Volcanism Program
564:or mafic rock, dating from the
1200:- Japan Meteorological Agency
1108:
1042:
526:Mashū volcano is rated with a
1:
1215:- Japan Meteorological Agency
871:
1646:Potentially active volcanoes
1221:- Geological Survey of Japan
1056:. 2024-05-31. Archived from
1001:Highlights: Eastern Hokkaido
956:"GEMS/Water 摩周湖モニタリングデータブック"
827:itself is prohibited by the
427:name was Kintan-kamuy-to or
358:
7:
1097:
1050:"Lake Mashu DATA (摩周湖DATA)"
854:
461:
445:
314:
247:19.8 km (12.3 mi)
10:
1672:
1105:, page 128, (in Japanese).
813:
528:Volcanic Explosivity Index
341:potentially active volcano
294:not a well-defined measure
255:351 m (1,152 ft)
231:211.5 m (694 ft)
223:137.5 m (451 ft)
1572:
1554:
1531:
1513:
1438:
1398:
1350:
1272:
1227:- Smithsonian Institution
1165:"Mashu: Eruptive History"
1091:
1081:
842:Pokémon Diamond and Pearl
560:. The rock is non-alkali
455:
439:
308:
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150:
134:
95:
73:
40:
28:
21:
1170:Global Volcanism Program
926:. In Taran March (ed.).
822:Lake Mashū in the winter
727:Uncorrected radiocarbon
429:lake of the mountain god
378:image of the lake (1999)
345:Akan Mashu National Park
215:19 km (4,700 acres)
1616:Endorheic lakes of Asia
1175:Smithsonian Institution
924:"Doto~Eastern Hokkaido"
891:"MASHU-KO (LAKE MASHU)"
541:, a stratovolcano with
207:6 km (3.7 mi)
866:List of lakes in Japan
823:
804:and birch forest with
709:Corrected radiocarbon
671:Corrected radiocarbon
653:Corrected radiocarbon
633:Corrected radiocarbon
613:Corrected radiocarbon
507:, which is actually a
500:
473:scrubbed area mountain
390:
379:
368:
1631:Volcanoes of Hokkaido
1621:Volcanic crater lakes
821:
494:
385:
374:
366:
82:Kushiro Subprefecture
1611:Calderas of Hokkaido
983:NHK World HD Channel
895:World Lakes Database
668:1400 BC ± 100 years
650:2750 BC ± 100 years
610:7400 BC ± 200 years
477:mountain of the gods
801:Abies sachalinensis
724:970 AD ± 100 years
716:Explosive eruption
698:Explosive eruption
686:100 BC ± 500 years
630:6600 BC ± 50 years
622:Explosive eruption
343:. It is located in
115: /
839:Sendoff Spring in
835:In popular culture
824:
769:Daphnia longispina
706:300 AD ± 75 years
574:Middle Pleistocene
501:
433:lake of the gulls.
419:Origin of the name
407:into the lake and
391:
380:
369:
119:43.583°N 144.517°E
1656:Hokkaido Heritage
1641:Holocene calderas
1626:Lakes of Hokkaido
1598:
1597:
1479:Mikata Five Lakes
740:
739:
591:Dating technique
588:Date of eruption
523:over the region.
347:on the island of
300:
299:
267:December to April
252:Surface elevation
1663:
1592:Japan portal
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1582:Lakes portal
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1233:- Teshikaga Town
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1092:北海道 地名の旅—アイヌ語地名解
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861:Tourism in Japan
848:Pokémon Platinum
776:Bosmina coregoni
690:Tephrochronology
582:
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566:Late Pleistocene
562:pyroclastic flow
547:Mount Nishibetsu
517:plinian eruption
497:Kussharo Caldera
487:Volcanic caldera
481:lake of the gods
466:
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292:Shore length is
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167:Primary outflows
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1636:VEI-6 volcanoes
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1448:Fuji Five Lakes
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1274:Hokkaido region
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795:Picea jezoensis
745:
743:Flora and fauna
489:
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436:
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305:
277:Kamuishu Island
192: countries
153:Primary inflows
124:43.583; 144.517
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1267:Lakes in Japan
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1234:
1231:Teshikaga navi
1228:
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1192:External links
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928:Japan Handbook
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807:Betula ermanii
783:Sockeye salmon
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511:of the larger
509:parasitic cone
495:Relief map of
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401:sockeye salmon
394:the same time
360:
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335:formed in the
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1556:Kyūshū region
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1533:San'in region
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1515:Kansai region
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1352:Tōhoku region
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1202:(in Japanese)
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1146:on 2013-01-06
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1060:on 2024-04-14
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1054:masyuko.or.jp
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1035:0-87011-893-5
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901:on 2012-02-29
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787:rainbow trout
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20:
1440:Chūbu region
1400:Kantō region
1316:
1178:. Retrieved
1168:
1159:
1148:. Retrieved
1144:the original
1139:
1130:
1119:. Retrieved
1110:
1077:Akagi Sanpei
1073:
1062:. Retrieved
1058:the original
1053:
1044:
1025:
1005:. Retrieved
1000:
997:"Lake Mashu"
979:
962:
950:
927:
903:. Retrieved
899:the original
894:
846:
840:
838:
825:
805:
799:
793:
791:
781:
774:
767:
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752:
746:
721:Mount Kamui
703:Mount Kamui
683:Mount Kamui
665:Mount Kamui
647:Mount Kamui
578:
551:
532:
525:
502:
480:
476:
472:
432:
428:
422:
413:
392:
325:
302:
301:
285:
244:Shore length
236:Water volume
212:Surface area
172:
158:
1425:Kasumigaura
1416: [
539:Mount Kamui
396:Lake Baikal
388:Mount Kamui
333:crater lake
282:Settlements
204:Max. length
159:two streams
141:crater lake
122: /
97:Coordinates
60:Lake Mashū
22:Lake Mashū
1605:Categories
1370:Inawashiro
1180:2020-03-23
1150:2010-09-28
1136:"Hokkaido"
1121:2011-03-08
1064:2024-05-31
1007:2008-10-15
905:2008-10-15
872:References
462:Mashū-dake
409:landslides
303:Lake Mashū
228:Max. depth
1452:Kawaguchi
971:1341-4356
543:lava dome
535:lava dome
446:Mashin-ko
359:Hydrology
330:endorheic
145:endorheic
78:Teshikaga
1487:Suigetsu
1468:Yamanaka
1408:Chūzenji
1332:Shikotsu
1307:Kutcharo
1302:Kussharo
1282:Abashiri
855:See also
753:Melosira
585:Volcano
570:Holocene
554:andesite
349:Hokkaido
328:) is an
326:Kamuy-to
315:Mashū-ko
110:144°31′E
86:Hokkaido
74:Location
1541:Nakaumi
1495:Kugushi
1430:Kitaura
1380:Ogawara
1360:Hachirō
1312:Kuttara
1292:Akkeshi
932:805–807
814:Economy
761:Synedra
568:to the
376:Landsat
337:caldera
273:Islands
173:seepage
107:43°35′N
1546:Shinji
1499:Hiruga
1483:Mikata
1474:Hamana
1456:Motosu
1390:Towada
1385:Tazawa
1365:Hibara
1342:Utonai
1327:Saroma
1322:Notoro
1032:
969:
938:
627:Mashū
607:Mashū
558:dacite
521:pumice
467:. The
264:Frozen
1564:Ikeda
1464:Shōji
1420:]
1375:Jūsan
1317:Mashū
1297:Furen
1219:Mashu
1211:(PDF)
1198:Mashu
1082:赤木 三兵
959:(PDF)
798:and
602:Type
469:kanji
353:Japan
339:of a
195:Japan
190:Basin
90:Japan
1523:Biwa
1505:Suwa
1491:Suga
1413:Inba
1337:Tōya
1287:Akan
1030:ISBN
967:ISSN
936:ISBN
845:and
785:and
755:spp.
556:and
425:Ainu
403:and
322:Ainu
286:none
136:Type
1460:Sai
763:sp.
595:VEI
456:摩周岳
440:魔神湖
309:摩周湖
62:摩周湖
24:摩周湖
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