96:
425:
839:
875:
863:
851:
66:
was offering a university-equivalent education and awards. To obtain an LLA candidates had to pass examinations at a university-approved centre, which might be in
Scotland or outwith the country.
252:
669:
1273:
1263:
449:
797:
792:
454:
55:
527:
69:
Formally established as the Lady
Literate in Arts - LLA - by 1877, even after 1892, the course continued to be popular with women who wanted to study for an
175:
802:
208:
73:
without needing to attend one particular institution for three or four years. Thousands of women received an LLA before it was discontinued in the 1930s.
812:
403:
1052:
1014:
977:
940:
817:
501:
329:
615:
1288:
807:
822:
657:
392:
1228:
721:
444:
1258:
1283:
731:
475:
537:
913:
703:
599:
387:
355:
854:
746:
693:
674:
366:
878:
31:
in
Scotland for more than a decade before women were allowed to graduate in the same way as men, and it became popular as a kind of
679:
766:
620:
470:
439:
270:
Mischievous to the Public
Interest: The Lady Literate in Arts Diploma and the Admission of Women to the University of St Andrews
465:
377:
322:
1253:
297:
736:
496:
414:
625:
1268:
842:
645:
315:
95:
35:
for women who had studied through correspondence, or by attendance at non-university classes. Although awarded as a
761:
630:
506:
491:
63:
1293:
967:
776:
906:
866:
50:, and the LLA was the nearest qualification to a degree which was open to women in the country, although the
1194:
640:
409:
188:
To walk upon the grass : the impact of the
University of St Andrews' Lady Literate in Arts, 1877-1892
963:
1278:
635:
511:
253:"TO WALK UPON THE GRASS: THE IMPACT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS' LADY LITERATE IN ARTS, 1877-1892"
899:
1032:
687:
663:
547:
424:
338:
28:
959:
771:
542:
532:
51:
1005:
1066:
594:
563:
47:
1180:
1136:
1042:
1028:
986:
931:
650:
568:
76:
874:
8:
1171:
1156:
756:
1098:
1023:
302:
157:
862:
1190:
954:
120:
116:
1220:
1176:
1093:
949:
751:
741:
584:
397:
360:
213:
149:
84:
80:
232:
1215:
1199:
1161:
1146:
1113:
923:
589:
112:
108:
104:
32:
1185:
1141:
1108:
991:
578:
371:
217:
40:
202:
1247:
698:
212:(online ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. ref:odnb/55564.
891:
87:
and the main force behind the university's introduction of the LLA diploma.
1103:
726:
307:
1166:
573:
70:
54:
offered certificates recognising achievement in classes organised by the
161:
1061:
153:
59:
36:
450:
Edinburgh and St
Andrews Universities Parliamentary Constituency
1151:
1118:
1037:
1274:
Distance education institutions based in the United
Kingdom
200:
Matthew, H. C. G.; Harrison, B., eds. (23 September 2004).
56:
Edinburgh
Association for the University Education of Women
39:, in terms of academic standard, it was equivalent to the
455:
Combined
Scottish Universities Parliamentary Constituency
528:
Centre for the Study of
Terrorism and Political Violence
83:
at St Andrews between 1876 and 1903, was a supporter of
1264:
Women's universities and colleges in the United Kingdom
140:
Smith, N. Kemp (1950). "The Scots Philosophical Club".
16:
Academic qualification at the University of St Andrews
115:, educationist and local politician and suffragette
201:
99:Violetta Thurstan in her Russian Red Cross uniform
119:all had LLAs, as did the wartime nursing heroine
1245:
199:
1229:Master of Arts (Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin)
921:
907:
323:
203:"The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography"
337:
246:
244:
242:
914:
900:
704:East of Scotland Universities Air Squadron
476:University College/Queen's College, Dundee
330:
316:
90:
694:University Royal Naval Unit East Scotland
239:
281:Literate Ladies: a Fifty-Year Experiment
94:
1289:20th-century establishments in Scotland
471:Privileged bodies of the United Kingdom
285:St Andrews University Alumnus Chronicle
209:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1246:
466:Museum of the University of St Andrews
46:Until 1892 women were not admitted to
895:
311:
259:– via University of St Andrews.
250:
139:
850:
1284:1930s disestablishments in Scotland
103:The educationalist and headteacher
27:) qualification was offered by the
13:
14:
1305:
1259:Women's universities and colleges
291:
873:
861:
849:
838:
837:
423:
968:Certificate of Higher Education
777:Universal Short Title Catalogue
274:Launch-Site for English Studies
193:
176:"University of St Andrews LLA"
168:
133:
1:
126:
1254:Higher education in Scotland
410:Master of the United College
233:UK public library membership
7:
964:Diploma of Higher Education
747:International Film Festival
142:The Philosophical Quarterly
10:
1310:
276:(1997) ed. Robert Crawford
178:. University of St Andrews
79:(1836–1916), Professor of
1208:
1127:
1086:
1079:
1051:
1013:
1004:
976:
939:
930:
833:
785:
714:
608:
556:
543:Scottish Oceans Institute
533:James Gregory Observatory
520:
484:
432:
421:
347:
251:Smith, Elizabeth (2014).
111:, the children's writer,
1269:University of St Andrews
688:University Service Units
548:Sea Mammal Research Unit
340:University of St Andrews
29:University of St Andrews
960:Higher National Diploma
91:Notable literate ladies
52:University of Edinburgh
1294:Liberal arts education
521:Schools and institutes
218:10.1093/ref:odnb/55564
100:
64:Queen Margaret College
1067:Candidate of Sciences
616:Students' Association
564:Agnes Blackadder Hall
497:St Salvator's College
460:Lady Literate in Arts
298:Lady Literate in Arts
98:
48:Scottish universities
21:Lady Literate in Arts
1137:Academic certificate
1029:Postgraduate diploma
772:St Salvator's Chapel
651:The Scottish Varsity
569:Andrew Melville Hall
502:St Leonard's College
77:William Angus Knight
1172:Professional degree
793:Clubs and Societies
737:Environmental Prize
732:Catholic Chaplaincy
1099:Doctor of Sciences
595:St Salvator's Hall
557:Halls of Residence
538:School of Medicine
404:Senatus Academicus
101:
1279:Women in Scotland
1241:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1191:Specialist degree
1075:
1074:
1043:Engineer's degree
1000:
999:
987:Bachelor's degree
955:Foundation degree
889:
888:
507:St Mary's College
492:St John's College
231:(Subscription or
121:Violetta Thurstan
117:Margaret Nevinson
1301:
1177:Graduate diploma
1094:Higher doctorate
1084:
1083:
1011:
1010:
950:Associate degree
937:
936:
916:
909:
902:
893:
892:
881:
877:
869:
865:
857:
853:
852:
845:
841:
840:
767:MacTutor Archive
752:Laidlaw Scholars
742:Gifford Lectures
658:Debating Society
585:John Burnet Hall
427:
398:University Court
361:Menzies Campbell
341:
332:
325:
318:
309:
308:
261:
260:
248:
237:
236:
228:
226:
224:
205:
197:
191:
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185:
183:
172:
166:
165:
137:
85:female education
81:Moral Philosophy
1309:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1244:
1243:
1242:
1233:
1216:Honorary degree
1204:
1200:Terminal degree
1162:Magister degree
1147:External degree
1129:
1123:
1071:
1047:
1024:Master's degree
996:
972:
926:
924:academic degree
920:
890:
885:
879:
867:
855:
843:
829:
781:
710:
604:
600:University Hall
590:St Regulus Hall
552:
516:
480:
428:
419:
393:General Council
343:
339:
336:
294:
268:Susan Sellers,
265:
264:
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198:
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169:
154:10.2307/2216495
138:
134:
129:
113:Sarah Bannister
109:Helen Bannerman
105:Isabel Cleghorn
93:
33:external degree
17:
12:
11:
5:
1307:
1297:
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1291:
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1276:
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1239:
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1234:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1218:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1188:
1186:Higher diploma
1183:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1142:Artist diploma
1139:
1133:
1131:
1130:classification
1125:
1124:
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1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1090:
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1081:
1077:
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1058:
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1045:
1040:
1035:
1026:
1020:
1018:
1008:
1002:
1001:
998:
997:
995:
994:
992:Honours degree
989:
983:
981:
974:
973:
971:
970:
957:
952:
946:
944:
934:
928:
927:
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729:
724:
718:
716:
712:
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696:
684:
683:
682:
677:
675:The Other Guys
667:
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648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
621:Athletic Union
618:
612:
610:
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605:
603:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
576:
571:
566:
560:
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554:
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551:
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545:
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512:United College
509:
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499:
494:
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486:
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479:
478:
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463:
457:
452:
447:
445:Academic dress
442:
436:
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430:
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384:
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374:
372:Sally Mapstone
363:
351:
349:
345:
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335:
334:
327:
320:
312:
306:
305:
303:William Knight
300:
293:
292:External links
290:
289:
288:
277:
263:
262:
238:
192:
167:
131:
130:
128:
125:
92:
89:
41:Master of Arts
15:
9:
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4:
3:
2:
1306:
1295:
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1065:
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1044:
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1038:Diplom degree
1036:
1034:
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1027:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1019:
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961:
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947:
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933:
932:Undergraduate
929:
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917:
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910:
905:
903:
898:
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882:
876:
872:
870:
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836:
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832:
824:
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748:
745:
743:
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738:
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733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
719:
717:
715:Miscellaneous
713:
705:
702:
700:
699:Tayforth UOTC
697:
695:
692:
691:
690:
689:
685:
681:
680:The Alleycats
678:
676:
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672:
671:
668:
666:
665:
661:
659:
656:
652:
649:
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644:
642:
639:
637:
636:Football Club
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
623:
622:
619:
617:
614:
613:
611:
607:
601:
598:
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583:
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579:Hamilton Hall
577:
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541:
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38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
1221:
1104:Habilitation
1087:Postdoctoral
1006:Postgraduate
757:Lang Lecture
727:Byre Theatre
686:
662:
609:Student life
459:
402:
382:Stella Maris
376:
365:
354:
284:
280:
279:R.N. Smart,
273:
269:
256:
221:. Retrieved
207:
195:
187:
180:. Retrieved
170:
145:
141:
135:
102:
75:
68:
45:
24:
20:
18:
1181:certificate
1167:Microdegree
1128:No dominant
1033:certificate
803:Chancellors
646:Shinty Club
574:Deans Court
71:arts degree
1248:Categories
1157:Licentiate
922:Levels of
880:Wikisource
813:Principals
786:Categories
670:A Cappella
641:Rugby Club
631:Canoe Club
388:Governance
356:Chancellor
348:Governance
257:PhD Thesis
235:required.)
223:2 November
148:(1): 1–4.
127:References
1222:Ad eundem
1193:/
1179:/
1062:Doctorate
1031:/
966:/
962:/
818:Academics
664:The Saint
626:Boat Club
367:Principal
58:, and in
1209:Unearned
868:Wikinews
844:Category
581:(former)
485:Colleges
415:Quaestor
182:11 April
1195:diploma
1055:level 8
1017:level 7
980:level 6
943:level 5
856:Commons
808:Rectors
762:Library
440:History
433:History
162:2216495
60:Glasgow
37:diploma
1224:degree
1152:Laurea
1119:Fellow
1114:Tenure
1109:Docent
823:Alumni
798:People
722:Alumni
378:Rector
287:(1967)
229:
160:
1080:Other
1053:ISCED
1015:ISCED
978:ISCED
941:ISCED
462:(LLA)
158:JSTOR
225:2022
184:2022
283:in
272:in
214:doi
150:doi
25:LLA
1250::
369::
255:.
241:^
206:.
186:.
156:.
144:.
123:.
107:,
62:,
43:.
19:A
915:e
908:t
901:v
380::
358::
331:e
324:t
317:v
227:.
216::
164:.
152::
146:1
23:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
