19:
141:
It was said that Lady Gouyi's fists were always clenched. When
Emperor Wu of Han was having a hunting expedition in Hejian, Zhao was summoned to his presence. When the emperor touched her hands, her fists miraculously opened up, revealing a jade hook in one of them. Emperor Wu was pleased and took
223:
After her death, Emperor Wu explained to his attendants that a child emperor with a young mother would lead to unrest, and the empress dowager would wield unchecked and absolute power as
Empress Lü did, although he acknowledged that his action might be misunderstood by "children and fools".
200:
as the future regent, and summoned Lady Gouyi. He berated her for no apparent reason and ordered her imprisonment. When she kowtowed and looked at him in bewilderment, he said "Out, quickly! You cannot be saved!" She was taken to prison and died soon afterward in 88 BC.
264:
Over the centuries, many legends grew out of the death of Lady Gouyi. It was said that her body did not become cold in death and emitted a fragrance, and that when her coffin was later opened, there was nothing inside but a silk slipper. She became revered as a
109:
Near the end of his long reign, Emperor Wu made her young son Liu Fuling his heir apparent, but ordered the death of Lady Gouyi to prevent her from usurping power from the boy emperor. After Fuling acceded to the throne, he posthumously named her as
240:
to his mother posthumously, and mobilized 20,000 troops to construct a mausoleum for Lady Gouyi, called the
Yunling. He established the Yunling County and moved 3,000 households there to look after the tomb.
256:(designation 7-0667) in 2013. The mausoleum was robbed in July 2016. In November 2017, the Shaanxi Police arrested 91 suspected tomb robbers and smugglers and recovered more than 1,100 artifacts.
115:
253:
983:
188:
After much hesitation, Emperor Wu made Fuling the heir apparent. Because Fuling was a child, the emperor feared that Lady Gouyi would seize power after his death, as
28:
180:) implicating Prince Ju and the empress. Hundreds of people were executed and Empress Wei and Prince Ju were both forced to commit suicide in 91 BC.
165:, in 94 BC. Emperor Wu was pleased with the child's connection with the sage emperor, and named a gate in the palace the "Gate of Yao's Mother".
963:
130:, born into the Zhao family. Her given name is unknown. Her father was castrated after committing an offence and served as a minor eunuch in
374:
1045:
1055:
458:
1040:
999:
176:, and make Fuling the heir apparent. The court was thrown into chaos when there were accusations of witchcraft and necromancy (
971:
967:
425:
358:
328:
1060:
959:
467:
955:
33:
1050:
859:
741:
539:
995:
947:
78:
46:
168:
The favour shown to Lady Gouyi and her son led to speculations that
Emperor Wu wanted to demote Crown Prince
451:
280:
to communicate with Lady Gouyi's spirit. A blue bird often perched on the rostrum, but disappeared after
681:
600:
220:
explicitly states that she was "ordered to die". Modern scholars generally agree that she was killed.
696:
157:
outside of Chang'an. It was said that following a 14-month pregnancy—the same length as the mythical
142:
her as a consort, naming her Lady Quan ("fist") and Lady Gouyi ("hook"). Awarded the consort rank of
939:
819:
789:
686:
636:
1030:
1011:
1007:
1003:
991:
987:
979:
943:
396:
177:
509:
975:
951:
444:
382:
318:
1035:
415:
193:
8:
864:
766:
746:
579:
554:
504:
281:
233:
103:
849:
736:
726:
564:
524:
320:
Biographical
Dictionary of Chinese Women: Antiquity Through Sui, 1600 B.C.E. - 618 C.E
874:
854:
756:
731:
514:
421:
354:
324:
127:
95:
646:
927:
794:
641:
574:
348:
237:
111:
666:
143:
86:
436:
277:
245:
232:
Emperor Wu died in 87 BC, and the young Prince Fuling acceded to the throne as
216:
154:
64:
671:
1024:
922:
869:
751:
626:
559:
269:
844:
721:
499:
189:
549:
23:
914:
891:
836:
776:
761:
713:
618:
607:
590:
569:
491:
476:
417:
Chinese
Alchemy: Taoism, the Power of Gold, and the Quest for Immortality
206:
158:
131:
99:
544:
519:
211:
162:
375:"91 suspected tomb raiders, relics smugglers caught by Chinese police"
83:
784:
631:
529:
197:
317:
Lee, Lily Xiao Hong; Stefanowska, A.D.; Wiles, Sue (26 March 2015).
814:
809:
799:
676:
661:
651:
534:
196:
about a century earlier. Emperor Wu appointed the trusted official
173:
135:
150:, meaning "handsome fairness"), she was also known as Zhao Jieyu.
899:
691:
249:
18:
804:
656:
353:(in Chinese). Shanghai People's Publishing House. p. 445.
266:
169:
54:
153:
Zhao Jieyu lived in the Gouyi Palace, within the imperial
114:
and built for her the
Yunling mausoleum, which is now a
316:
22:An 18th-century portrayal of Lady Gouyi from the
1022:
466:
276:, says that Emperor Wu built a rostrum in the
452:
254:Major National Historical and Cultural Site
116:Major Historical and Cultural Site of China
459:
445:
407:
312:
310:
308:
306:
304:
302:
300:
298:
296:
94:), or Zhao Gouyi (趙鉤弋), was a consort of
17:
69:
1023:
413:
293:
440:
397:"陕西警方破获"钩弋夫人"墓被盗系列大案 1100余涉案文物"上交国家""
342:
340:
346:
13:
1046:People executed by the Han dynasty
381:. 17 November 2017. Archived from
337:
272:. Another legend, recorded in the
138:), the capital of the Han empire.
14:
1072:
210:, she died of "anxiety", whereas
161:, she gave birth to a son, named
1056:Han dynasty posthumous empresses
865:Grand Empress Dowager Qiongcheng
284:acceded to the throne in 73 BC.
860:Grand Empress Dowager Shangguan
244:The Yunling, located in modern
389:
367:
82:
59:
50:
1:
1041:Han dynasty imperial consorts
984:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
323:. Routledge. pp. 247–9.
287:
468:Empresses of the Han dynasty
420:. Weiser Books. p. 18.
414:Cooper, Jean (1 June 2016).
227:
192:had done after the death of
73:; 113–88 BC), also known as
7:
1061:Mothers of Chinese emperors
126:Lady Gouyi was a native of
10:
1077:
747:Empress Dowager Qiongcheng
259:
936:
913:
890:
883:
855:Grand Empress Dowager Dou
835:
828:
775:
742:Empress Dowager Shangguan
712:
705:
617:
588:
490:
483:
474:
252:Province, was declared a
236:. He conferred the title
875:Grand Empress Dowager Fu
850:Grand Empress Dowager Bo
845:Grand Empress Dowager Lü
183:
830:Grand empresses dowager
121:
1051:Executed Chinese women
350:History of Qin and Han
347:Lin, Jianming (2003).
39:
172:, the son of Empress
21:
885:Posthumous empresses
767:Empress Dowager Wang
385:on 17 November 2017.
102:, and the mother of
795:Empress Dowager Dou
732:Empress Dowager Dou
403:. 18 November 2017.
234:Emperor Zhao of Han
104:Emperor Zhao of Han
820:Empress Dowager He
790:Empress Dowager Ma
757:Empress Dowager Fu
727:Empress Dowager Bo
722:Empress Dowager Lü
40:
1018:
1017:
707:Empresses dowager
540:Empress Shangguan
485:Empresses consort
427:978-1-60925-982-2
360:978-7-208-04226-1
330:978-1-317-47591-0
204:According to the
128:Hejian Commandery
1068:
461:
454:
447:
438:
437:
432:
431:
411:
405:
404:
393:
387:
386:
371:
365:
364:
344:
335:
334:
314:
89:
71:
61:
52:
37:
29:Bai mei xin yong
1076:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1014:
932:
909:
886:
879:
831:
824:
771:
708:
701:
642:Empress Zhangde
613:
584:
486:
479:
470:
465:
435:
428:
412:
408:
395:
394:
390:
373:
372:
368:
361:
345:
338:
331:
315:
294:
290:
262:
238:empress dowager
230:
186:
124:
112:empress dowager
98:of the Chinese
31:
12:
11:
5:
1074:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1031:110s BC births
1016:
1015:
937:
934:
933:
931:
930:
925:
919:
917:
911:
910:
908:
907:
902:
896:
894:
888:
887:
884:
881:
880:
878:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
841:
839:
833:
832:
829:
826:
825:
823:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
781:
779:
773:
772:
770:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
718:
716:
710:
709:
706:
703:
702:
700:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
623:
621:
615:
614:
612:
611:
604:
596:
594:
586:
585:
583:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
496:
494:
488:
487:
484:
481:
480:
475:
472:
471:
464:
463:
456:
449:
441:
434:
433:
426:
406:
388:
366:
359:
336:
329:
291:
289:
286:
278:Ganquan Palace
261:
258:
246:Chunhua County
229:
226:
217:Zizhi Tongjian
185:
182:
155:Ganquan Palace
123:
120:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1073:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
935:
929:
926:
924:
923:Consort Liang
921:
920:
918:
916:
912:
906:
903:
901:
898:
897:
895:
893:
889:
882:
876:
873:
871:
870:Wang Zhengjun
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
842:
840:
838:
834:
827:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
782:
780:
778:
774:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
752:Wang Zhengjun
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
719:
717:
715:
711:
704:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
627:Guo Shengtong
625:
624:
622:
620:
616:
609:
605:
602:
598:
597:
595:
592:
587:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
560:Wang Zhengjun
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
497:
495:
493:
489:
482:
478:
473:
469:
462:
457:
455:
450:
448:
443:
442:
439:
429:
423:
419:
418:
410:
402:
398:
392:
384:
380:
376:
370:
362:
356:
352:
351:
343:
341:
332:
326:
322:
321:
313:
311:
309:
307:
305:
303:
301:
299:
297:
292:
285:
283:
279:
275:
271:
268:
257:
255:
251:
247:
242:
239:
235:
225:
221:
219:
218:
213:
209:
208:
202:
199:
195:
191:
181:
179:
175:
171:
166:
164:
160:
156:
151:
149:
145:
139:
137:
133:
129:
119:
117:
113:
107:
105:
101:
97:
93:
88:
85:
80:
76:
72:
66:
62:
56:
48:
44:
38:
35:
30:
25:
20:
16:
1036:88 BC deaths
972:N. Dynasties
968:S. Dynasties
928:Consort Song
904:
682:Empress Song
667:Liang Nüying
601:Empress Wang
580:Empress Wang
555:Empress Wang
550:Huo Chengjun
416:
409:
400:
391:
383:the original
378:
369:
349:
319:
282:Emperor Xuan
273:
263:
243:
231:
222:
215:
205:
203:
187:
167:
152:
147:
140:
125:
108:
92:Consort Zhao
91:
74:
70:Kou-i Fu-jen
68:
58:
42:
41:
27:
24:Qing dynasty
15:
964:16 Kingdoms
915:Eastern Han
892:Western Han
837:Western Han
777:Eastern Han
762:Zhao Feiyan
714:Western Han
697:Empress Cao
672:Deng Mengnü
647:Empress Yin
619:Eastern Han
608:Empress Shi
591:Xin dynasty
570:Zhao Feiyan
515:Empress Dou
492:Western Han
477:Han dynasty
401:China Daily
207:Book of Han
194:Emperor Gao
159:Emperor Yao
100:Han dynasty
60:Gōuyì Fūrén
32: [
1025:Categories
956:3 Kingdoms
905:Lady Gouyi
687:Empress He
637:Empress Ma
575:Empress Fu
565:Empress Xu
545:Xu Pingjun
520:Empress Bo
510:Empress Lü
500:Empress Lü
288:References
274:Yunyang ji
212:Sima Guang
190:Empress Lü
163:Liu Fuling
96:Emperor Wu
75:Zhao Jieyu
65:Wade–Giles
43:Lady Gouyi
785:Yin Lihua
632:Yin Lihua
530:Chen Jiao
505:Zhang Yan
228:Mausoleum
198:Huo Guang
815:Dou Miao
810:Liang Na
800:Deng Sui
737:Wang Zhi
677:Dou Miao
662:Liang Na
652:Deng Sui
535:Wei Zifu
525:Wang Zhi
270:immortal
174:Wei Zifu
132:Chang'an
900:Lady Li
692:Fu Shou
260:Legends
250:Shaanxi
79:Chinese
47:Chinese
996:W. Xia
938:Xia →
805:Yan Ji
657:Yan Ji
424:
379:Xinhua
357:
327:
267:Taoist
170:Liu Ju
81::
67::
57::
55:pinyin
49::
940:Shang
184:Death
148:jieyu
136:Xi'an
134:(now
36:]
26:book
1012:Qing
1008:Ming
1004:Yuan
992:Song
988:Liao
980:Tang
944:Zhou
422:ISBN
355:ISBN
325:ISBN
178:巫蠱之禍
122:Life
51:鉤弋夫人
1000:Jīn
976:Sui
960:Jìn
952:Han
948:Qin
214:'s
106:.
1027::
1010:→
1006:→
1002:→
998:/
994:/
990:/
986:→
982:→
978:→
974:→
970:/
966:→
962:/
958:→
954:→
950:→
946:→
942:→
399:.
377:.
339:^
295:^
248:,
144:婕妤
118:.
90:;
87:婕妤
63:;
53:;
34:zh
610:)
606:(
603:)
599:(
593:)
589:(
460:e
453:t
446:v
430:.
363:.
333:.
146:(
84:趙
77:(
45:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
