1247:
508:
carriers are in the L band, centered at 1176.45 MHz (L5), 1227.60 MHz (L2), 1381.05 MHz (L3), and 1575.42 MHz (L1) frequencies. L band waves are used for GPS units because they are able to penetrate clouds, fog, rain, storms, and vegetation. Only dense environments such as heavy
471:(CEPT) has harmonized part of the L band (1452–1492 MHz), allowing individual countries to adopt this spectrum for terrestrial mobile/fixed communications networks supplemental downlink (MFCN SDL). By means of carrier aggregation, an
587:(ADS-B) equipment at 1090 MHz to communicate position information to the ground as well as between them for traffic information and avoidance. The 1090 MHz frequency (paired with 1030 MHz) is also used by
754:
468:
2242:
1156:
718:, 1420 MHz), which is of great astronomical interest as a means of imaging the normally invisible neutral atomic hydrogen in interstellar space. The band also contains
479:
base station could use this spectrum to provide additional bandwidth for communications from the base station to the mobile device; i.e., in the downlink direction.
595:
MHz paired frequencies. ADS-B information can also be broadcast on the L band frequency of 978 MHz. DME and TACAN systems are also in this frequency band.
1192:
540:
satellite phones use frequencies between 1616 and 1626.5 MHz to communicate with the satellites. Iridium
Communications 2-way messaging service
427:
409:
1705:
743:
2007:
880:
1757:
584:
524:
systems use the L band similar to GPS, although the frequency ranges are named differently. Modern receivers, such as those found in
941:
2046:
1185:
2017:
802:
604:
2066:
1178:
402:
1698:
636:
2282:
2179:
591:
transponders, which ADS-B augments when operated at this frequency. The TCAS system also utilizes the 1030/1090
483:
2027:
528:, are able to take advantage of multiple systems (usually only around the oldest L1 band) at the same time.
1954:
934:
588:
395:
2252:
1691:
1293:
1132:
2225:
2194:
1939:
1849:
1288:
656:
640:
487:
513:
505:
868:
726:
allocations worldwide. Specifically, the 1400–1427 MHz and 1660.6–1670.0 MHz regions are protected.
482:
In the
Americas, mobile services are operated between the 1.7 GHz to 2.1 GHz range in the
2277:
1588:
1201:
1117:
339:
162:
2204:
2103:
2056:
1964:
1638:
967:
927:
108:
20:
758:
2098:
2012:
1854:
537:
2199:
2022:
2002:
1827:
1767:
1752:
1747:
1598:
1593:
1102:
1087:
831:
541:
499:
445:
283:
157:
152:
75:
8:
1934:
1805:
1633:
1628:
1603:
1583:
1334:
1072:
997:
982:
571:
cyclically broadcasts weather data from its two geosynchronous satellites on 1694.1 MHz.
278:
167:
145:
118:
113:
1683:
835:
722:
transition lines at 1665 and 1667 MHz. Consequently, parts of the L band are protected
509:
forest canopies or concrete buildings can cause GPS units to receive data inaccurately.
19:
This article is about the IEEE-defined range of the radio spectrum. For other uses, see
2071:
1623:
1471:
1444:
1354:
1339:
1012:
652:
616:
123:
2184:
2143:
2061:
1479:
1475:
1456:
1452:
1448:
798:
612:
2138:
263:
2220:
2164:
2133:
1978:
1789:
1714:
1613:
1384:
1359:
1227:
1042:
849:
839:
790:
719:
178:
135:
2123:
2189:
2159:
1795:
1662:
1575:
1417:
1349:
723:
673:
549:
97:
1799:
1608:
1392:
1057:
950:
794:
461:
436:
273:
140:
90:
615:
up-links are allowed in the range 1,260–1,270 MHz. This is known as the
2271:
2174:
1899:
1779:
1718:
1618:
1555:
1536:
1440:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1027:
782:
715:
648:
632:
608:
316:
298:
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
218:
213:
208:
203:
198:
193:
188:
130:
69:
1246:
2246:
1721:
1494:
1489:
1467:
1462:
1170:
1160:
553:
472:
905:
2169:
1994:
1785:
1667:
1344:
1326:
1222:
854:
2051:
2037:
1739:
1648:
1316:
1311:
1265:
1242:
919:
844:
819:
670:
525:
906:"RA.314:Preferred frequency bands for radio astronomical measurements"
2114:
1973:
1657:
1504:
1280:
1258:
1237:
1212:
644:
449:
441:
431:
714:
The band contains the hyperfine transition of neutral hydrogen (the
469:
European
Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations
1864:
1817:
1775:
1672:
1432:
1232:
660:
545:
367:
820:"Investigation on Reference Frames and Time Systems in Multi-GNSS"
663:, but was historically also allowed to be carried in the 1452–1492
1904:
1859:
1813:
1541:
1527:
869:
http://www.fcc.gov/Bureaus/International/Orders/1995/da950131.txt
560:
satellite phones use frequencies between 1525 and 1661 MHz.
557:
517:
382:
372:
362:
321:
308:
467:
In Europe, the
Electronic Communications Committee (ECC) of the
2128:
1944:
1918:
1872:
1809:
1560:
1550:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1483:
1412:
692:
688:
521:
377:
357:
334:
329:
303:
293:
556:) terminals use frequencies between 1525 and 1646.5 MHz.
1949:
1844:
1736:
1407:
1303:
1217:
703:
684:
620:
476:
53:
611:
operations in the frequency range 1,240–1,300 MHz, and
1402:
1397:
568:
1713:
1422:
536:
Mobile phones operate at 600–900 and 1700–2100 MHz.
676:
used to broadcast in the 1467–1492 MHz L sub-band.
818:
Nicolini, Luca; Caporali, Alessandro (9 January 2018).
698:
428:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
2269:
817:
544:will utilize frequencies in the L Band as well.
787:Applied GPS for Engineers and Project Managers
1699:
1186:
935:
679:
626:
403:
1200:
1706:
1692:
1262:
1193:
1179:
942:
928:
585:Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast
410:
396:
853:
843:
531:
949:
579:The aircraft L-band ranges from 960–1215
574:
619:by radio amateurs and as the L-band by
493:
16:Range of radio frequencies from 1-2 GHz
2270:
2084:
1687:
1174:
923:
781:
744:"Harmonised use of the band 1452–1492
605:International Telecommunication Union
444:(GHz). This is at the top end of the
179:EU / NATO / US ECM
448:(UHF) band, at the lower end of the
430:(IEEE) designation for the range of
13:
2085:
1245:
14:
2294:
885:Federal Communications Commission
460:
2240:
1154:
598:
757:ECC. 2015-07-03. Archived from
699:Digital multimedia broadcasting
659:(DAB) in Europe primarily uses
455:
2180:Error detection and correction
898:
873:
862:
811:
775:
736:
1:
729:
667:MHz range in some countries.
603:The Radio Regulations of the
709:
639:, the L band is held by the
7:
2253:Comparison of radio systems
1294:Ultra-high-energy gamma ray
881:"Radio Spectrum Allocation"
706:can operate in the L band.
695:can operate in the L band.
10:
2299:
2226:International broadcasting
2195:FM extended band in Brazil
1289:Very-high-energy gamma ray
795:10.1061/9780784411506.ap02
680:Digital video broadcasting
657:Digital Audio Broadcasting
627:Digital audio broadcasting
497:
18:
2234:
2213:
2152:
2112:
2091:
2080:
2036:
1993:
1963:
1927:
1892:
1885:
1837:
1766:
1735:
1728:
1647:
1574:
1503:
1431:
1383:
1325:
1302:
1279:
1208:
1150:
958:
514:Galileo Navigation System
506:Global Positioning System
60:
45:
33:
1202:Electromagnetic spectrum
2205:Shortwave relay station
2104:Audio signal processing
563:
21:L band (disambiguation)
2283:Satellite broadcasting
2099:Audio data compression
1250:
583:MHz. Aircraft can use
538:Iridium Communications
532:Telecommunications use
2200:Multipath propagation
2023:MPEG-1 Audio Layer II
1893:Frequency allocations
1768:Frequency allocations
1249:
575:Aircraft surveillance
2153:Technical (emission)
637:overseas territories
542:Snapdragon Satellite
500:Satellite navigation
494:Satellite navigation
446:ultra high frequency
1335:Extreme ultraviolet
836:2018RemS...10...80N
30:
1340:Vacuum ultraviolet
1251:
845:10.3390/rs10010080
655:(IBOC) solutions.
653:in-band on-channel
647:, thereby forcing
617:23-centimeter band
349:Other TV and radio
26:
2265:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2185:FM broadcast band
2092:Technical (audio)
1989:
1988:
1881:
1880:
1681:
1680:
1385:Visible (optical)
1168:
1167:
1145:
1144:
804:978-0-7844-1150-6
783:Ogaja, Clement A.
748:MHz for MFCN SDL"
613:amateur satellite
420:
419:
173:
172:
85:
84:
2290:
2247:Radio portal
2245:
2244:
2243:
2221:History of radio
2165:AM expanded band
2082:
2081:
1965:Commercial radio
1890:
1889:
1733:
1732:
1708:
1701:
1694:
1685:
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1188:
1181:
1172:
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1161:Radio portal
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1157:
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808:
779:
773:
772:
770:
769:
763:
752:
747:
740:
720:hydroxyl radical
666:
594:
582:
520:System, and the
412:
405:
398:
105:
104:
87:
86:
56:
47:Wavelength range
41:
31:
29:
25:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2288:
2287:
2278:Microwave bands
2268:
2267:
2266:
2257:
2241:
2239:
2230:
2209:
2190:FM broadcasting
2160:AM broadcasting
2148:
2108:
2087:
2076:
2032:
1985:
1959:
1928:Digital systems
1923:
1908:
1877:
1838:Digital systems
1833:
1762:
1724:
1712:
1682:
1677:
1643:
1570:
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1531:
1499:
1427:
1379:
1321:
1298:
1275:
1268:
1261:
1254:
1252:
1204:
1199:
1169:
1164:
1155:
1153:
1146:
1141:
1138:
1137:300 GHz/1 mm
1136:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1096:
1093:
1092:300 MHz/1 m
1091:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1051:
1048:
1047:300 kHz/1 km
1046:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1006:
1003:
1002:300 Hz/1 Mm
1001:
991:
988:
986:
976:
973:
971:
954:
948:
918:
917:
904:
903:
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805:
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776:
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745:
742:
741:
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732:
724:radio astronomy
712:
701:
682:
674:satellite radio
664:
629:
601:
592:
580:
577:
566:
550:Ligado Networks
534:
502:
496:
465:
458:
416:
387:
344:
325:
312:
258:
81:
63:
51:
48:
39:
36:
35:Frequency range
27:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2258:
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2156:
2154:
2150:
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2141:
2139:Kahn-Hazeltine
2136:
2131:
2126:
2120:
2118:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2095:
2093:
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2088:
2086:Related topics
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1190:
1183:
1175:
1166:
1165:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1142:
1129:
1127:
1122:30 GHz/10 mm
1114:
1112:
1099:
1097:
1084:
1082:
1077:30 MHz/10 m
1069:
1067:
1054:
1052:
1039:
1037:
1032:30 kHz/10 km
1024:
1022:
1009:
1007:
994:
992:
987:30 Hz/10 Mm
979:
977:
964:
959:
956:
955:
951:Radio spectrum
947:
946:
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861:
824:Remote Sensing
810:
803:
789:. ASCE Press.
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498:Main article:
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462:Mobile service
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437:radio spectrum
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2175:Digital radio
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1719:digital audio
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1189:
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1176:
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1163:
1162:
1149:
1140:
1139:3 THz/0.1 mm
1135:
1134:
1128:
1125:
1124:300 GHz/1 mm
1120:
1119:
1113:
1110:
1109:30 GHz/10 mm
1107:3 GHz/100 mm
1105:
1104:
1098:
1095:
1094:3 GHz/100 mm
1090:
1089:
1083:
1080:
1075:
1074:
1068:
1065:
1062:3 MHz/100 m
1060:
1059:
1053:
1050:
1045:
1044:
1038:
1035:
1034:300 kHz/1 km
1030:
1029:
1023:
1020:
1019:30 kHz/10 km
1017:3 kHz/100 km
1015:
1014:
1008:
1005:
1004:3 kHz/100 km
1000:
999:
993:
990:
985:
984:
978:
975:
972:3 Hz/100 Mm
970:
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938:
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855:11577/3269537
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778:
764:on 2015-07-21
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716:hydrogen line
707:
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649:digital radio
646:
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633:United States
624:
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609:amateur radio
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599:Amateur radio
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68:
67:
65:
62:Related bands
59:
55:
50:
44:
38:
32:
22:
2238:
1913:
1823:
1722:broadcasting
1565:
1253:
1152:
1131:
1130:
1116:
1115:
1101:
1100:
1086:
1085:
1079:300 MHz/1 m
1071:
1070:
1064:30 MHz/10 m
1056:
1055:
1049:3 MHz/100 m
1041:
1040:
1026:
1025:
1011:
1010:
996:
995:
989:300 Hz/1 Mm
981:
980:
974:30 Hz/10 Mm
966:
965:
909:
900:
889:. Retrieved
887:. 2011-03-02
884:
875:
864:
827:
823:
813:
786:
777:
766:. Retrieved
759:the original
738:
713:
702:
683:
669:
630:
602:
578:
567:
554:LightSquared
535:
511:
503:
481:
473:LTE-Advanced
466:
456:Applications
440:from 1 to 2
435:
423:
421:
288:
2170:Cable radio
2113:Technical (
1873:DVB-T2 Lite
1729:Terrestrial
1668:Medium wave
1345:Lyman-alpha
1327:Ultraviolet
1266:wavelengths
1259:frequencies
1223:Ultraviolet
910:www.itu.int
526:smartphones
432:frequencies
91:Radio bands
28:IEEE L band
2272:Categories
2052:DirectBand
2038:Subcarrier
1740:modulation
1649:Wavelength
1505:Microwaves
1317:Hard X-ray
1312:Soft X-ray
1281:Gamma rays
1213:Gamma rays
891:2023-02-09
768:2015-07-17
730:References
671:WorldSpace
552:(formerly
2115:AM stereo
1974:Sirius XM
1967:providers
1886:Satellite
1663:Shortwave
1658:Microwave
1238:Microwave
830:(2): 80.
710:Astronomy
645:telemetry
450:microwave
442:gigahertz
40:1 – 2 GHz
2214:Cultural
2144:Magnavox
2117:formats)
2067:SCA/SCMO
2062:RDS/RBDS
1865:HD Radio
1855:DRM/DRM+
1850:DAB/DAB+
1673:Longwave
1433:Infrared
1233:Infrared
785:(2011).
661:Band III
641:military
546:Inmarsat
475:or UMTS/
168:12 (THF)
163:11 (EHF)
158:10 (SHF)
52:30 – 15
2040:signals
2008:AMR-WB+
1860:FMeXtra
1264:longer
1257:higher
1228:Visible
832:Bibcode
631:In the
558:Thuraya
518:GLONASS
490:bands.
452:range.
434:in the
426:is the
153:9 (UHF)
146:8 (VHF)
124:4 (VLF)
119:3 (ULF)
114:2 (SLF)
109:1 (ELF)
2134:Harris
2129:C-QUAM
2018:HE-AAC
1995:Codecs
1979:Canada
1945:DVB-SH
1919:S band
1914:L band
1900:C band
1824:L band
1715:Analog
1566:L band
1561:S band
1556:C band
1551:X band
1537:K band
1523:Q band
1518:V band
1513:W band
1418:Orange
1413:Yellow
1393:Violet
1304:X-rays
1218:X-rays
801:
746:
693:DVB-T2
691:, and
689:DVB-SH
665:
607:allow
593:
589:Mode S
581:
522:BeiDou
516:, the
424:L band
141:7 (HF)
136:6 (MF)
131:5 (LF)
72:(NATO)
2124:Belar
1950:S-DMB
1940:DAB-S
1845:CAM-D
1758:COFDM
1737:Radio
1651:types
1576:Radio
1472:Bands
1445:Bands
1408:Green
1243:Radio
953:(ITU)
762:(PDF)
751:(PDF)
704:T-DMB
685:DVB-H
621:AMSAT
477:HSDPA
264:IEEE
78:(ITU)
2072:DARC
2047:AMSS
2028:DRA+
1909:band
1818:high
1717:and
1546:band
1532:band
1490:LWIR
1468:MWIR
1463:SWIR
1403:Cyan
1398:Blue
799:ISBN
755:CEPT
643:for
635:and
569:NOAA
564:NOAA
548:and
512:The
504:The
486:and
422:The
98:ITU
2057:PAD
2013:HDC
2003:AAC
1955:SDR
1935:ADR
1869:CDR
1828:UHF
1814:mid
1810:low
1806:VHF
1639:ELF
1634:SLF
1629:ULF
1624:VLF
1604:VHF
1599:UHF
1594:SHF
1589:EHF
1584:THF
1495:FIR
1441:NIR
1423:Red
1375:UVA
1370:UVB
1365:UVC
1360:NUV
1355:MUV
1350:FUV
1133:THF
1118:EHF
1103:SHF
1088:UHF
1073:VHF
1013:VLF
998:ULF
983:SLF
968:ELF
850:hdl
840:doi
791:doi
651:to
488:AWS
484:PCS
368:III
284:UHF
279:VHF
76:UHF
2274::
1816:/
1812:/
1800:HF
1796:SW
1790:MF
1786:MW
1780:LF
1776:LW
1753:FM
1748:AM
1619:LF
1614:MF
1609:HF
1482:,
1478:,
1474::
1455:,
1451:,
1447::
1058:HF
1043:MF
1028:LF
908:.
883:.
848:.
838:.
828:10
826:.
822:.
797:.
753:.
687:,
623:.
383:VI
373:IV
363:II
340:mm
274:HF
54:cm
1907:u
1905:K
1830:)
1826:(
1820:)
1808:(
1802:)
1798:(
1792:)
1788:(
1782:)
1778:(
1707:e
1700:t
1693:v
1544:u
1542:K
1530:a
1528:K
1486:)
1484:N
1480:M
1476:L
1470:(
1459:)
1457:H
1453:K
1449:J
1443:(
1269:→
1255:←
1194:e
1187:t
1180:v
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929:v
912:.
894:.
858:.
852::
842::
834::
807:.
793::
771:.
411:e
404:t
397:v
378:V
358:I
335:W
330:V
324:a
322:K
317:K
311:u
309:K
304:X
299:C
294:S
289:L
254:N
249:M
244:L
239:K
234:J
229:I
224:H
219:G
214:F
209:E
204:D
199:C
194:B
189:A
70:D
23:.
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