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Kvens. In 1854 the numbers increased to respectively, 19.9% and 7.0%. The peak was in 1875, with respectively 24.2% and 7.7%. The ratios were reduced to respectively 20.2% and 3.7%, in 1890, and 13.8% and 2.0% in 1900 (all numbers from). In the 1930 census there were 8,215 registered Kvens in Troms and
Finnmark. In 1950, 1,439 people reported that they used the Finnish language, in Troms (58 people) and Finnmark (1,381 people).
32:
731:) for Kven issues. In addition, reading and writing classes at the beginner to advanced level, establishing a Kven kindergarten, and to incorporate the Kven language in all education levels in Norway. Also, to establish a Kven culture fund, road and other signs in Kven, Kven names in official maps, and museums and centers for Kven language and culture.
455:(the organization owning about 95% of the land in the county of Finnmark). Some Kvens believe the distribution of rights and public funds has favored the Sami people too much, whereas on the Sami side there are people who think the Norwegian minority politics and public funding should focus mostly on the Sami people.
462:
has attempted to get the Kvens recognized, similarly to the Sami people, as an indigenous people in Norway. This has made it important for some Kvens to show that their history stretches further back in time than commonly believed. There has been some recent unofficial adoption of the word "Kainu" as
441:
In the 1990s there was a debate among Kvens whether they should be considered as an ethnic group of their own, or whether they were
Finnish Norwegians. As well, during the process of legal recognition of the Kven language, there was a debate as to whether it should be considered an actual language or
369:
In 2001, the number of Kvens was estimated to be about 10,000 to 15,000 in a parliamentary inquiry on national minorities in Norway. However, estimating the number of Kvens is difficult since there is no official definition of a Kven. Therefore, other studies have estimated the number of Kvens to be
338:
There is a theory among some academic groups that due to the discrimination and suppression by the
Norwegian authorities the term Kven became derogatory in the late 19th century. Therefore, many Kvens preferred to be called 'kainulaiset'. But with the revitalization of the Kven culture in the 1970s,
739:
Kven Finn
Association or Kveeni Suomi Liitto in Finnish and Kvensk Finsk Riksforbund in Norwegian is an NGO who works for the rights of the Kven and Finn people in Norway. It was founded together with similar organizations in Sweden and Finland in 1999, that jointly uses the name Kvenlandsförbundet
429:
Kven differs from
Finnish since the Kven population was in effect isolated from other Finnish-speaking people. The Kven language has come to incorporate many Norwegian loanwords, and Finnish words that are no longer used in Finland are still used. In a 2005 government report, the number of people
365:
The Kvens were registered as a separate group in the
Norwegian censuses in the period 1845 to 1930. From the 18th century the Kvens started to comprise a significant part of the population in Northern Norway. In 1845 13.3% of the population in Finnmark, and 3.2% in Troms, considered themselves as
743:
The organization reports to international bodies on how Norway is living up to various
International Law conventions. The organization is very much concerned about the discrimination the Norwegian authorities are directing towards the Kvens/FInns and the Saami. 100:1 in favour of the Saami in
622:
In the late 1990s a Kven costume was designed. It is not a reconstruction of an old costume, but rather a new design based on pictures and other sources about the clothing and jewelry used by Kvens in the late 19th and early 20th century. The purpose of creating the costume was to unify and
591:. Currently one issue is published each month. The newspaper writes mostly about Kven issues, and about the work of strengthening Finnish language and culture in Norway. In addition the paper has stories about other Finnish organizations in Norway, and about other Finnish minorities in the
747:
Furthermore, the government's bad treatment of
Finnish as the de-facto ethnic language for the Kvens/Finns. In this regard, the Kven Finn Association has started a grant for young students in high school to motivate more young people to learn Finnish (Finnish, Kven, or even Meänkieli).
802:
The Kven
Language Board that was established in April 2007. It consists of the leader Irene Andreassen, Terje Aronsen, Prof. Anna Riitta Lindgren, Assoc. Prof. Eira Söderholm, and Pia Lane. The first task is to create a standard for written Kven language.
449:. However, post-Norwegianization policies have treated them differently. Sami people have been recognized as the indigenous people in Northern Norway. They have their own schools and parliament, and they elect three of the six members for the board of
724:
The tasks of the organisation include working for a government report about the history and rights of the Kven population, improving the media coverage of Kven issues, and for the
Norwegian government to establish a secretary
357:(respectively a Finnish person, Finnish, and of Finnish origin) should be used instead. However, today the term Kven is accepted and used, for example, in the name of the Kven organization in Norway (Norske Kveners Forbund).
740:(Kveenimaayhistys). Kvenlandsförbundet created the Kvenflagg. The Kven Finn Association as a part of Kvenlandsförbundet is administrating the participation of the Kven people at the Finno-Ugric World Congress.
751:
The Kven Finn Association has local chapters all over Norway and is also active regarding reviving the folk music traditions and documenting the history of Finnish speaking people throughout Fennoscandinavia.
506:
on 16 March 2013, at 11:00, in celebration and honour of the first annual Day of the Kvens. Hereafter, that date is meant to be recognised wider in the Kven communities of the north and by others as well.
1087:
Niemi, E. (1994), Kvenene og staten – et historisk riss. I: Torekoven Strøm (ed.), Report from the seminar ”Kvenene – en glemt minoritet?” Monday 14.11.94 at the University of Tromsø/ Tromsø Museum.
614:. The first festival was in June 2007, but it is intended to be an annual event. The responsible organizers is Nordreisa municipality, and the first festival director was Johanne Gaup.
433:
Finnish is the preferred language of instruction among the Kvens. 90% of the kids in the county of Troms and Finnmark that had a right to choose between Finnish and Kven chose Finnish.
1078:
Saressalo, L. (1996), Kveenit. Tutkimus erään pohjoisnorjalaisen vähemmistön identiteetistä. Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seuran Toimituksia, 638. Helsinki.
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to the northern regions of Norway, Sweden, Finland and parts of Russia. In 1996, Kvens were granted minority status in Norway, and in 2005 the
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language spoken in northern Sweden. Today, both are officially recognised minority languages in the areas where the languages are spoken.
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to lay the foundation for recognition of the experiences of the Kven subject to Norwegianization and the subsequent consequences.
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guaranteed them their trading rights in the north (translation from Latin last printed in 1995, Wallerström, page 48).
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in Norwegian) was established in 1987, and has currently about 700 members. The organization has local branches in:
57:
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merely a dialect of Finnish, and whether the Kven language or Kven dialect of Finnish should be taught in schools.
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Kvens themselves started using the term. However, even in the 1990s there was a debate whether the Norwegian terms
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The date for the occasion was chosen from the signing in 1328 of a state treaty between Sweden and the
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speaking Kven in Norway was estimated to be between 2,000 and 8,000, depending on the criteria used.
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organization in northern Sweden. In some early documents Kvens are also grouped together with the
1021:
Niemi, E. (1978), Den finske kolonisasjon av Nordkalotten – forløp og årsaker. Ottar, 103. 49-70.
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Kvenskans status: Rapport för Kommunal- og regionaldepartement och Kultur- og kirkedepartement
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Kvenskans status: Rapport för Kommunal- og regionaldepartement och Kultur- og kirkedepartement
1706:
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the new name for "Kven", in accordance with the hypotheses put forward by Finnish historians
311:
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Planning a New Standard Language: Finnic Minority Languages Meet the New Millennium, Issue 1
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1144:. Volume I-III. Editors J. Qvigstad, K. B. Wiklund, Lars Ivar Hansen and Tom Schmidt. 1929.
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about making sausages. The artists are Karine Jacobsen and Kine Johansen respectively from
8:
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are all officially recognised minority languages in the Kiruna Municipality in Sweden.
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374:. But many of these may consider themselves to be Norwegian or Sami or a combination.
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This article is about the contemporary ethnic group in Norway. For ancient Kvens, see
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Danish/Norwegian tax records from the 16th century already list some Kvens living in
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about 50,000–60,000, based on the criteria that at least one grandparent spoke
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and surrounding countries. The newspaper's Chief editor is Liisa Koivulehto.
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Kven bibliography. Searchable database of news articles, books, maps, etc.
1129:. Birkarlit, 'pirkkalaiset'. Malungs boktryckeri AB. Malung, Sweden. 1991.
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538:
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514:, known as Tälje Charter ("Tälje stadga" in Swedish). In that treaty, the
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single ever recorded in the Kven language. It is based on an old Kven
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named "Berkara Qvenar". Kvens of this time are often connected to the
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from 1539 shows a possible Kven settlement roughly in between today's
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60:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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Kven Finn Association/Kveeni Suomi Liitto/Kvensk Finsk Riksforbund
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994:"Kainulaiset eli kväänit – Kainun Institutti – Kvensk Institutt"
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471:. Vahtola has hypothesized that words "Kven" and "Kainu(u)" are
410:, who are the indigenous people of Central and Northern Norway.
791:
588:
503:
499:
186:
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1098:"James Ford Bell Library · University of Minnesota Libraries"
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1329:. Has a nice introduction to Kven history (Swedish only)
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Kommunal- og regionaldepartementet (8 December 2000).
1174:(Translation from Latin). Wallerström, 1995. Sweden.
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324:was recognized as a minority language in Norway.
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1323:Kenneth Hyltenstam & Tommaso Maria Milani:
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1006:Kenneth Hyltenstam & Tommaso Maria Milani:
778:in Norwegian) is a center for Kven culture and
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445:Kven and Sami people share a common history of
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1032:"Universitetsbiblioteket i Tromsø - juni 1999"
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525:spoken in Norway was considered a dialect of
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1185:"Startsiden - Halti kvenkultursenter IKS"
806:
76:Learn how and when to remove this message
1232:"Språkrådet - Kvensk språkråd er dannet"
1141:Grenseeksaminasjonsprotokoller 1742-1745
950:Sulkala, Helena; Mantila, Harri (2010).
484:The Truth and Reconciliation Commission
436:
1674:
1333:Ethnographical map of Finnmark in 1861
920:
888:"Endelig et felles flagg for kvenene"
797:
23:Balto-Finnic ethnic minority in Norway
1347:
1159:GSI - Grunnskolens informasjonssystem
811:Halti kvenkultursenter is located in
755:
489:
1339:FTDNA Finland Geographic DNA Project
823:The Ruija Kven Museum is located in
818:
548:
173:Regions with significant populations
25:
610:is a Kven culture festival held in
13:
1300:(the Norwegian Kven Organization)
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14:
1723:
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673:The Norwegian Kven Organization (
923:The Handbook of Language Contact
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168:0.2% of the Norwegian population
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663:The Norwegian Kven organization
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831:Notable people of Kven descent
658:Organisations and institutions
650:. The single was published by
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1:
1062:"St.meld. nr. 15 (2000-2001)"
873:
1155:"Official School Statistics"
7:
841:
744:economic terms, at least.
669:Norwegian Kven Organization
623:strengthen Kven identity.
571:is a bi-lingual newspaper (
460:Norwegian Kven Organization
413:
56:the claims made and adding
10:
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1259:Tuesday, April 19th, 2007.
956:Finnish Literature Society
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1687:Social history of Finland
1647:People of Finnish descent
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1387:Traditional subgroups or
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1127:Tornionlaakson historia I
735:The Kven Finn Association
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1692:Social history of Norway
1270:"Halti Kvenkultursenter"
1214:"Norske Kveners Forbund"
921:Hickey, Raymond (2010).
1697:Ethnic groups in Norway
1189:www.kvenkultursenter.no
583:) that is published in
529:, much like the Finnic
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1702:Ethnic groups in Sápmi
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1298:Norske Kveners Forbund
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927:John Wiley & Sons
835:Further information:
788:Porsangi Municipality
246:Related ethnic groups
1102:www.bell.lib.umn.edu
980:"Kvener/Norskfinner"
772:in Kven/Finnish and
766:The Kven institute (
679:in Kven/Finnish and
437:Ethnic controversies
798:Kven Language Board
676:Ruijan Kveeniliitto
498:was hoisted at the
386:. Also, the famous
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756:The Kven institute
490:Modern recognition
388:map of Scandinavia
91:
41:possibly contains
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1138:Peter Schnitler.
819:Ruija Kven museum
769:Kainun institutti
762:Kainun institutti
549:Culture and media
521:In the past, the
334:Etymology of Kven
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1707:Baltic Finns
1582:Tornedalians
1578:Forest Finns
1514:
1511:Forest Finns
1404:Finns proper
1324:
1278:. Retrieved
1274:the original
1264:
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1240:. Retrieved
1236:the original
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1193:the original
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1172:Tälje stadga
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1106:the original
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361:Demographics
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315:ethnic group
312:Balto-Finnic
267:
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256:Tornedalians
238:, including
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153:(since 2017)
88:Ethnic group
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1682:Kven people
1642:Expatriates
1610:New Zealand
1589:Switzerland
1525: [
1502: [
890:(in Bokmål)
863:Sámi people
782:located in
709:, northern
632:Kadonu Loru
627:Kadonu Loru
408:Sami people
236:Lutheranism
1676:Categories
1543:Äyrämöiset
1409:Tavastians
1280:2007-08-13
1199:2007-08-13
1112:2006-11-08
1046:2006-11-08
907:Ethnologue
874:References
354:finskætted
318:indigenous
66:April 2014
50:improve it
1637:Emigrants
1605:Australia
1454:Argentina
1419:Savonians
1414:Karelians
1242:April 30,
719:Østlandet
636:pop music
581:Norwegian
539:Meänkieli
531:Meänkieli
496:Kven flag
288:Norwegian
224:Norwegian
206:Languages
121:Norwegian
54:verifying
1652:Refugees
1630:Diaspora
1538:Ingrians
1481:Findians
1469:Findians
1447:Americas
1439:Diaspora
1376:diaspora
858:Kvenland
848:Birkarls
842:See also
780:language
512:Birkarls
480:Storting
414:Language
310:) are a
230:Religion
195:Finnmark
18:Kvenland
1623:Persons
1598:Oceania
1557:Korlaks
1547:Savakot
784:Børselv
703:Lakselv
691:Børselv
687:Skibotn
648:Lakselv
644:Børselv
577:Finnish
535:Finnish
527:Finnish
404:birkarl
400:Lofoten
378:History
308:kveanat
296:Swedish
280:Finnish
216:Finnish
128:kveanat
48:Please
1573:Sweden
1522:Russia
1499:Norway
1492:Europe
1464:Canada
1459:Brazil
1394:heimot
1389:tribes
1327:. 2003
1012:. 2003
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792:Norway
717:, and
715:Tromsø
606:Baaski
593:Nordic
589:Norway
585:Tromsø
504:Sweden
500:Kiruna
396:Tromsø
300:kväner
292:kvener
284:kveeni
276:kvääni
187:Norway
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1515:Kvens
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1257:Ságat
825:Vadsø
711:Troms
422:is a
351:, or
348:finsk
342:finne
268:Kvens
252:Finns
199:Troms
92:Kvens
1244:2007
960:ISBN
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699:Tana
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543:Sami
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328:Name
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260:Sami
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