1563:
2188:
2173:
941:
2200:
433:
1303:, there were Ezo (Ainu) people called Hinomoto from the Pacific coast of Hokkaido to the Kuril region, and Mr. Ando, the Ezo Sateshiku and Ezo Kanrei, was in charge of this ("Suwa Daimyojin Ekotoba"). It is said that when turmoil broke out on Ezogashima, he dispatched troops from Tsugaru. Its activities include the Kanto Gomensen, which calls itself the Ando Suigun, and is based in Jusanminato ("Kaisen Shikimoku"), supplying Japanese products to Ezo society and purchasing large quantities of northern products and shipping them nationwide. ("Thirteen Streets").The Matsumae clan, a feudal lord of Japan, became independent from the Ando clan (the family of Goro Ando). The Japanese administration first took nominal control of the islands during the
2215:
1912:
1257:
2161:
2134:
197:
1265:
1421:
2119:
1281:
1051:: The main pinnipeds were a significant object of harvest for the indigenous populations of the Kuril islands, both for food and materials such as skin and bone. The long-term fluctuations in the range and distribution of human settlements along the Kuril island presumably tracked the pinniped ranges. In historical times, fur seals were heavily exploited for their fur in the 19th and early 20th centuries and several of the largest reproductive rookeries, as on
38:
5843:
313:
5850:
1923:
368:
185:
2149:
779:
1550:" diverted Japanese attention north and misled them about the U.S. strategy in the Pacific. The plan included air strikes by the USAAF and U.S. Navy bombers which included U.S. Navy shore bombardment and submarine operations. The Japanese increased their garrison in the north Kurils from 8,000 in 1943 to 41,000 in 1944 and maintained more than 400 aircraft in the Kurils and
1562:
1124:. On many of the smaller islands in summer, where terrestrial predators are absent, virtually every possibly hummock, cliff niche or underneath of boulder is occupied by a nesting bird. Several of the islands, including Kunashir and the Lesser Kuril Chain in the South Kurils, and the northern Kurils from Urup to Paramushir, have been recognised as
4267:
1970:
is the main religion. Some of the villages are permanently occupied by
Russian soldiers. Others are inhabited by civilians, who are mostly fishers, workers in fish factories, dockers, and social sphere workers (police, medics, teachers, etc.). Construction works on the islands have attracted migrant
1439:
of the native Ainu people. Also at this time the Ainu were granted automatic
Japanese citizenship, effectively denying them the status of an indigenous group. Many Japanese moved onto former Ainu lands, including the Kuril islands. The Ainu were required to adopt Japanese names, and ordered to cease
4562:
According to subsequent elaborations, a document in the
Central State Archives indicated that a merchant adventurer by the name of Fedot Alekseev Popov had reached the Kurils in 1649 after completing an odyssey from the Arctic popular Soviet publications have enshrined Popov as the discoverer of
2004:
In 2014, construction workers built a pier and a breakwater in Kitovy Bay, central Iturup, where barges are a major means of transport, sailing between the cove and ships anchored offshore. A new road has been carved through the woods near
Kurilsk, the island's biggest village, going to the site of
887:
and interior
Siberia, as precipitation is heavy and permafrost completely absent. It is characterized by mild summers with only 1 to 3 months above 10 °C or 50 °F and cold, snowy, extremely windy winters below −3 °C or 26.6 °F, although usually above −10 °C or 14 °F.
1721:. In addition, the Japanese government claims that the Kuril Islands, other than the Northern Territories and South Karafuto, are undetermined areas under international law because the San Francisco Peace Treaty does not specify where they belong and the Soviet Union has not signed it.
2172:
1063:
has been relatively insignificant on the Kuril islands proper. Since the 1960s there has been essentially no additional harvest and the pinniped populations in the Kuril islands appear to be fairly healthy and in some cases expanding. The notable exception is the now extinct
1595:
bases, but rejected the idea. The U.S. military maintained interest in these plans when they ordered the expansion of bases in the western
Aleutians, and major construction began on Shemya. In 1945, plans for a possible invasion of Japan via the northern route were
2187:
2048:
Island. There are also Border Guard
Service troops stationed on the islands. In February 2011, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev called for substantial reinforcements of the Kuril Islands defences. Subsequently, in 2015, additional anti-aircraft missile systems
2023:
In 2022, a special economic zone was established on the Kuril islands with special tax regimes, exemption from corporate income tax, VAT with reduced customs duties for 20 years. It is an important part of
Russian government's plan to develop the
5063:
850:
The climate on the islands is generally severe, with long, cold, stormy winters and short and notoriously foggy summers. The average annual precipitation is 40 to 50 inches (1,020 to 1,270 mm), a large portion of which falls as snow. The
1440:
religious practices such as animal sacrifice and the custom of tattooing. Although not compulsory, education was conducted in
Japanese. Prior to Japanese colonization (in 1868) about 100 Ainu reportedly lived on the Kuril islands.
4346:
2012:
Gidrostroy, the Kurils' biggest business group with interests in fishing, construction and real estate, built its second fish processing factory on Iturup island in 2006, introducing a state-of-the-art conveyor system.
4848:
Operation WEDLOCK in 1944 created a notional force in the northern
Pacific that appeared ready to invade the Kuril Islands. This pinned down Japanese troops and equipment in an area the Americans had no intention of
4605:
Russians first set foot on the Kuril islands in August 1711 , when a detachment of Kamchatka Cossacks under the leadership of Daniil Antsiferov and Ivan Kozyrevsky landed on Shumshu, the northernmost of the Greater
5809:
940:
5055:
1229:, originates from the Kuril Islands. The bobtail is due to the mutation of a dominant gene. The cat has been domesticated and exported to nearby Russia and bred there, becoming a popular domestic cat.
1475:
Island, South Kurils. The territory was chosen for its sparse population, lack of foreigners, and constant fog-coverage. The Admiral ordered the move to Hawaii on the morning of 26 November.
4472:
2076:
came on defence of Kuril Islands. During the 2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine it was reported that parts of the 18th Machine Gun Artillery Division were redeployed to Eastern Ukraine.
4342:
5839:
1513:. Facing reinforced Japanese defenses, 74 crew members in three B-24s and seven B-25 failed to return. 22 men were killed in action, one taken prisoner and 51 interned in
847:
coast. Raikoke Island, near the centre of the archipelago, has an active volcano which erupted again in June 2019, with emissions reaching 13,000 m (42,651 ft).
3490:
4316:
4937:
995:, the Kuril islands are surrounded by waters that are among the most productive in the North Pacific, supporting a wide range and high abundance of marine life.
4003:
2041:
910:
Landscape types and habitats on the islands include many kinds of beach and rocky shores, cliffs, wide rivers and fast gravelly streams, forests, grasslands,
5747:
2199:
6210:
5930:
4959:
6316:
5160:
2084:
While in Russian sources the islands are mentioned for the first time in 1646, the earliest detailed information about them was provided by the explorer
1547:
4893:[Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 223-r dated February 8, 2017] (in Russian). Publication.pravo.gov.ru. 8 February 2017.
4713:
Indigenous Minorities and Education: Australian and Japanese Perspectives on their Indigenous Peoples, the Ainu, Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders
3747:
2810:
5028:
2160:
6050:
5336:
2539:
1080:: Sea otters were exploited very heavily for their pelts in the 19th century, as shown by 19th- and 20th-century whaling catch and sighting records.
5831:
1764:
5207:
4393:
903:
forests on the larger southern islands. The highest elevations on the islands are Alaid volcano (highest point: 2,339 m or 7,674 ft) on
4074:
922:. The soils are generally productive, owing to the periodic influxes of volcanic ash and, in certain places, owing to significant enrichment by
1995:
5149:
A fiction thriller novel set in 1984 Tokyo and the Kuriles featuring a light aircraft crash and escape from Russian-held territory. On Kindle.
4869:
2214:
937:
a landscape. Only the southernmost island has large areas covered by trees, while more northerly islands have no trees, or spotty tree cover.
229:
4464:
4894:
6246:
1180:
5191:
4209:
4204:
2980:
1194:
Because of the generally smaller size and isolation of the central islands, few major terrestrial mammals have colonized these, though
1930:
As of 2013, 19,400 people inhabited the Kuril Islands, of which 16,700 lived on the four disputed southern islands and 2,600 lived on
6311:
6271:
5602:
4045:
3830:
6291:
6256:
5253:
1431:): a village hospital in the foreground, a factory in the left background with a fishery and a central radio tower (before 1945).
816:
some 200 kilometres (124 mi) east of the islands. The chain has around 100 volcanoes, some 40 of which are active, and many
1156:
The composition of terrestrial species on the Kuril islands is dominated by Asian mainland taxa via migration from Hokkaido and
6251:
5286:
2016:
To deal with a rise in the demand of electricity, the local government is also upgrading a state-run geothermal power plant at
5208:
USGS Map showing location of Magnitude 8.3 Earthquake 46.616°N, 153.224°E Kuril Islands region, November 15, 2006 11:14:16 UTC
4283:
6296:
6281:
5139:
4802:
4773:
4748:
4720:
4505:
4372:
1986:
is the primary occupation. The islands have strategic and economic value, in terms of fisheries and also mineral deposits of
5201:
4915:"It was hoped that the proceeds from the ongoing projects would help to alleviate the high level of poverty in the region".
4835:
4592:
4549:
4511:
4308:
4243:
907:
at the northern end of the chain and Tyatya volcano (1,819 m or 5,968 ft) on Kunashir Island at the southern end.
102:
6266:
5824:
4862:"Foreign Relations of the United States: Diplomatic Papers, Conferences at Malta and Yalta, 1945 - Office of the Historian"
624:. They cover an area of around 10,503.2 square kilometres (4,055.3 sq mi), with a population of roughly 20,000.
74:
5757:
2037:
1176:
4933:
6301:
4179:
2133:
2006:
432:
1205:
were introduced for the sake of the fur trade in the 1880s. The bulk of the terrestrial mammal biomass is taken up by
6306:
6276:
5720:
5172:
5118:
5097:
4829:
4671:
4586:
4543:
4397:
2058:
1875:
1840:
1805:
1770:
121:
81:
1735:
6286:
1613:
sent two B-24s on reconnaissance missions over the North Kuril Islands with the intention of taking photos of the
852:
6261:
6175:
6110:
6090:
5817:
1520:
The Eleventh Air Force implemented other bombing missions against the northern Kurils, including a strike by six
687:, meaning 'man'. It may also be related to names for other islands that have traditionally been inhabited by the
6085:
5715:
4963:
4199:
3787:
3688:
891:
The chain ranges from temperate to sub-Arctic climate types, and the vegetative cover consequently ranges from
88:
59:
55:
17:
991:
Owing to their location along the Pacific shelf edge and the confluence of Okhotsk Sea gyre and the southward
5735:
4184:
4169:
4164:
1633:
1610:
1600:
836:
832:
628:
5163:, history and analysis by Andrew Andersen, Department of Political Science, University of Victoria, May 2001
1330:
1019:
provide a principal component of the diet of many of the smaller marine mammals and birds along the chain.
4264:
1583:
during the autumn of 1943 but rejected that idea as too risky and impractical. They considered the use of
1209:, many introduced in historical times. The largest southernmost and northernmost islands are inhabited by
70:
5246:
2118:
2105:
4401:
1160:
Islands and by Kamchatkan taxa from the North. While highly diverse, there is a relatively low level of
5673:
5127:. Bulletin of the Hokkaido University Museum, no. 2-. Sapporo, Japan: Hokkaido University Museum, 2004.
1640:
against the Japanese during World War II. In August 1945 the Soviet Union mounted an armed invasion of
1629:
1525:
1487:
1405:
1168:
395:
327:
5226:
4789:
Howell, David (1997). "The Meiji State and the Logic of Ainu 'Protection'". In Hardacre, Helen (ed.).
1295:
inhabited the Kuril Islands from early times, although few records predate the 17th century. From the
6321:
5798:
1495:
1378:
868:
6125:
5778:
4861:
3454:
2280:
1690:
1670:
1354:
876:
352:
344:
5196:
5658:
4977:
4890:
1967:
1911:
1724:
On 8 February 2017 the Russian government gave names to five previously unnamed Kuril islands in
1449:
531:
48:
4620:, of Fairhaven, May 29 – Jun 13, June 24-Aug. 1, 1847, Old Dartmouth Historical Society (ODHS);
6241:
6105:
5895:
5730:
5239:
1464:
1460:
1350:
1129:
829:
1934:, the northernmost large island; the islands in between are uninhabited. These include ethnic
1381:
off the islands between 1847 and 1892. Three of the ships were wrecked on the islands: two on
6055:
5752:
1653:
1533:
1436:
656:
4423:
Clapham, P. J.; C. Good; S. E. Quinn; R. R. Reeves; J. E. Scarff; R.L. Brownell Jr (2004).
2070:
1256:
915:
797:
770:, курить 'to smoke' due to the continual fumes and steam above the islands from volcanoes.
400:
383:
95:
8:
6025:
4194:
3438:
3136:
1342:
1184:
1125:
617:
605:
437:
140:
5212:
5725:
5637:
5492:
5482:
5161:
Southern Kuriles / Northern Territories: A Stumbling-block in Russia-Japan Relationship
4821:
Ghosts of the ETO: American Tactical Deception Units in the European Theater, 1944–1945
4446:
3430:
3128:
2054:
2050:
1972:
1606:
The Soviets expelled the entire Japanese civilian population of roughly 17,000 by 1946.
1502:
1338:
930:
680:
621:
196:
2001:. There are hopes that oil exploration will provide an economic boost to the islands.
6160:
6155:
6080:
5940:
5865:
5740:
5607:
5597:
5276:
5135:
5114:
5093:
5003:"Law on preferential regime in Kuril Islands to be effective in 2 months — Deputy PM"
4825:
4798:
4769:
4744:
4716:
4667:
4582:
4539:
4501:
4189:
4174:
3107:
2452:
2243:
2089:
1834:
1680:
1264:
1188:
1065:
856:
754:
734:
712:
551:
348:
171:
4978:"Федеральный закон от 18.03.2023 № 84-ФЗ ∙ Официальное опубликование правовых актов"
4450:
1498:
took off, led by Capt James L. Hudelson. This mission principally struck Paramushir.
1435:
At the very end of the 19th century, the Japanese administration started the forced
6040:
5990:
5945:
5632:
4794:
4436:
4287:
3959:
2234:
2085:
2062:
2025:
1869:
1729:
1580:
1456:
1300:
1237:
1226:
1060:
967:
880:
659:. The disputed islands are known in Japan as the country's "Northern Territories".
593:
546:
520:
463:
445:
441:
156:
4664:
History of the American Whale Fishery from Its Earliest Inception to the year 1876
2088:
in 1697. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, the Kuril Islands were explored by
1543:
military installations were subject to American air-strikes between 1943 and 1944.
1420:
1015:
and countless other invertebrates and their associated predators. Many species of
639:. Japan claims the four southernmost islands, including two of the three largest (
6220:
6215:
6130:
6045:
6035:
5975:
5925:
5905:
5890:
5880:
5783:
5552:
5532:
5507:
5462:
5361:
5331:
5311:
5301:
5222:
5176:
4819:
4576:
4533:
4495:
4368:
4271:
4235:
3704:
3606:
3282:
2109:
2101:
1725:
1663:
1622:
1424:
1296:
1089:
992:
975:
864:
763:
589:
332:
5182:
5104:
The History of Kamtschatka and the Kurilski Islands, with the Countries Adjacent
1428:
1039:
are of the greatest commercial importance. During the 1980s, migratory Japanese
738:, literally, 'Thousand Islands Archipelago'), also known as the Kuriru Islands (
6030:
5980:
5970:
5920:
5910:
5885:
5870:
5854:
5788:
5699:
5694:
5417:
5346:
5281:
5166:
3600:
3538:
3474:
3469:
2894:
2431:
2360:
2295:
2225:
The following table lists information on the main islands from north to south:
2139:
2124:
2093:
1959:
1799:
1694:
1674:
1641:
1506:
955:
948:
904:
688:
616:. There are 56 islands and many minor islets. The Kuril Islands consist of the
609:
596:. The islands stretch approximately 1,300 km (810 mi) northeast from
296:
6235:
6200:
5793:
5668:
5653:
5582:
5522:
5437:
3873:
2097:
1963:
1890:
1877:
1855:
1842:
1820:
1807:
1785:
1772:
1750:
1737:
1567:
1491:
1371:
1308:
1280:
1093:
999:
944:
911:
809:
805:
801:
613:
244:
231:
202:
1225:
are found on the more southerly islands. It is claimed that a wild cat, the
6180:
6170:
6165:
6115:
6000:
5965:
5875:
5537:
5497:
5029:"President Putin's Speech at the 2023 Far Eastern Economic Forum: Analysis"
4441:
4424:
1955:
1951:
1626:
1614:
1346:
813:
636:
632:
4624:, of Edgartown, Aug. 12-Sep. 6, 1848, Nicholson Whaling Collection (NWC);
2148:
762:). Once the Russians reached the islands in the 18th century they found a
6205:
6140:
5995:
5955:
5915:
5773:
5663:
5547:
5527:
5517:
5447:
5442:
5376:
5326:
5296:
5056:"Russia Sends Pacific Island 'Machine Gun Artillery Division' To Ukraine"
3552:
3486:
2767:
2725:
2625:
2178:
2066:
1943:
1637:
1617:
occupation in the area. Soviet fighters intercepted and forced them away.
1584:
1409:
1292:
1285:
1032:
1008:
962:
cone rising sheer out of the sea; it has been praised by the Japanese in
817:
676:
585:
1975:. As of 2014, there were only 8 inhabited islands out of a total of 56.
1551:
708:
6190:
6070:
6020:
5617:
5562:
5502:
5432:
5422:
5356:
5341:
4891:"Распоряжение Правительства Российской Федерации от 08.02.2017 № 223-р"
2496:
2403:
1939:
1931:
1483:
1386:
1313:
1304:
1210:
1199:
1133:
1076:
971:
934:
929:. However, many of the steep, unconsolidated slopes are susceptible to
844:
825:
5090:
Volcanism and the Upper Mantle Investigations in the Kurile Island Arc
1175:. The southern Kurils, along with southwestern Sakhalin, comprise the
5557:
5542:
5477:
4422:
3614:
3610:
1609:
Between 24 August and 4 September 1945 the Eleventh Air Force of the
1514:
1468:
1172:
1137:
1121:
1105:
1101:
1088:: The Kuril islands are home to many millions of seabirds, including
1056:
919:
884:
821:
793:
1478:
On 10 July 1943 the first bombardment against the Japanese bases in
37:
6195:
6150:
6135:
6120:
6060:
6005:
5950:
5900:
5627:
5587:
5487:
5427:
5396:
5391:
5381:
5351:
5291:
5217:
5002:
3916:
3657:
3572:
3510:
3196:
3152:
3020:
2581:
2437:
2301:
2017:
1935:
1916:
1710:
1702:
1588:
1575:
American planners had briefly contemplated an invasion of northern
1397:
1390:
1161:
1157:
1084:
1069:
1047:
1036:
1012:
786:
739:
700:
648:
644:
597:
424:
388:
4824:. Havertown, Pennsylvania: Casemate (published 2007). p. 10.
1566:
A monument commemorating the Soviet landing depicted on a Russian
1341:
in 1644, shows 39 large and small islands northeast of Hokkaido's
6145:
6100:
6095:
6075:
5689:
5622:
5592:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5457:
5386:
5371:
5366:
4214:
3434:
3424:
3239:
3132:
3122:
2937:
2852:
2317:
1983:
1714:
1684:
1658:
The Kuril Islands are split into three administrative districts (
1540:
1479:
1365:
1316:
1245:
1218:
1214:
1206:
1195:
1141:
1052:
1040:
1028:
1007:
beds surrounding almost every island provide crucial habitat for
959:
923:
840:
782:
672:
652:
5231:
1922:
1055:
island, were extirpated. In contrast, commercial harvest of the
6065:
6015:
5960:
5935:
5842:
5612:
5472:
5452:
5316:
5306:
5197:
http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/europe/russia/territory/index.html
5125:
Biodiversity and Biogeography of the Kuril Islands and Sakhalin
4652:, of Nantucket, May 31, 1855, Nantucket Historical Association.
3556:
3548:
3544:
3494:
3482:
3478:
3396:
2682:
2045:
1991:
1987:
1947:
1706:
1592:
1555:
1472:
1394:
1374:
1113:
1109:
896:
892:
640:
627:
The islands have been under Russian administration since their
318:
184:
5204:
Short film on the disputed islands from a Japanese perspective
508:
481:
5985:
5849:
5512:
5467:
5321:
3064:
2205:
2020:, an active volcano, where steam and hot water can be found.
1659:
1576:
1233:
1145:
1097:
1016:
963:
926:
900:
716:
601:
373:
339:
5132:
Racing the Enemy: Stalin, Truman, and the Surrender of Japan
4632:, of Fairhaven, Oct. 6, 1857, Kendall Whaling Museum (KWM);
1501:
Another mission was flown during 11 September 1943 when the
970:, and other forms, in much the same way as the better-known
796:
instability encircling the Pacific Ocean referred to as the
6185:
5401:
4394:"Central Kuril Island Tsunami in Crescent City, California"
3326:
1998:
1529:
1521:
1510:
1382:
1241:
1222:
1117:
1023:
1004:
778:
5186:
5179: (archived December 23, 2010) (includes space imagery)
5092:. Monographs in geoscience. New York: Plenum Press, 1970.
1554:
area in anticipation that the Americans might invade from
499:
4535:
The Kuril Islands: Russo-Japanese Frontier in the Pacific
4400:
Tsunami Research Center. 16 November 2006. Archived from
4336:
4334:
2166:
A view of the volcano Bogdan Khmelnitsky on Iturup Island
1353:
explored the islands in 1643. Russian popular legend has
1202:
496:
484:
475:
1268:
A map of Kuril Islands from Gisuke Sasamori's 1893 book
5202:
Chishima: Frontiers of San Francisco Treaty in Hokkaido
2036:
The main Russian force stationed on the islands is the
715:, the Kuril Islands are known as the Chishima Islands (
4331:
5748:
Japanese evacuation of Karafuto and the Kuril Islands
4701:, of New Bedford, Sep. 10, Sep. 19-Oct. 1, 1892, KWM.
1644:
at the cost of over 5,000 Soviet and Japanese lives.
1260:
Kuril Ainu people next to their traditional dwelling.
875:). However, the Kuril Islands' climate resembles the
536:
493:
469:
5102:
Krasheninnikov, Stepan Petrovich, and James Greive.
4743:. Vol. 1. Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 72.
511:
505:
487:
4926:
1599:Between 18 August and 31 August 1945 Soviet forces
502:
466:
205:
between Japan and the Kamchatka Peninsula of Russia
62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
4284:"SAKHALIN.RU: Sakhalin and the Kuriles. Geography"
804:that are a direct result of the subduction of the
4689:(Vol. V, No. 12, Dec. 11, 1856, p. 93, Honolulu).
2269:
1043:was one of the most abundant fish in the summer.
6233:
4960:"Islands disputed with Japan feel Russia's boom"
4581:. Sakhalin Book Publishing House. p. D-24.
1701:Japan maintains a claim to the three islands of
1179:ecoregion. The northern islands are part of the
843:waves up to 1.5 metres (5 ft) reaching the
4934:"Profile on Yuzhno-Kurilsk Mendeleyevo Airport"
1321:
883:much more than the hypercontinental climate of
570:
555:
1412:, where it was detained for nearly two weeks.
1328:
748:
743:
725:
720:
577:
562:
163:
5825:
5247:
4640:, of New Bedford, Aug. 23-Sep. 10, 1892, KWM.
4465:"Kuril islands (between Urup and Paramushir)"
835:in 1963 and one of magnitude 8.3 recorded on
524:
148:
5926:Chyornye Bratya (Chirpoy and Brat Chirpoyev)
5167:http://depts.washington.edu/ikip/index.shtml
5053:
4923:Sakhalin Oblast" (Europa Publications) 2003.
1221:once inhabited the islands. Some species of
1132:because they support populations of various
958:(Oyakoba in Japanese), is an almost-perfect
4734:
4732:
4500:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 50–56.
4429:Journal of Cetacean Research and Management
1183:, a larger ecoregion that extends onto the
1181:Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests
792:The Kuril Islands form part of the ring of
6317:Important Bird Areas of the Kurile Islands
5832:
5818:
5254:
5240:
4791:New Directions in the Study of Meiji Japan
4578:A Brief History of Sakhalin and the Kurils
4210:Political divisions of Karafuto Prefecture
4205:Organization of Kita and Minami Fortresses
1971:workers from the rest of Russia and other
1415:
272:10,503.2 km (4,055.3 sq mi)
195:
189:A coastline along one of the Kuril Islands
4711:Loos, Noel; Osani, Takeshi, eds. (1993).
4710:
4636:, of New Bedford, Oct. 5–18, 1868, ODHS;
4440:
1647:
1307:(1603-1868) in the form of claims by the
933:and newer volcanic activity can entirely
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
4738:
4729:
4661:
4575:Vysokov, Mikhail Stanislavovich (1996).
1921:
1910:
1561:
1419:
1279:
1263:
1255:
939:
800:. The islands themselves are summits of
777:
773:
647:), as part of its territory, as well as
620:and, at the southwest end, the parallel
431:
5123:Takahashi, Hideki, and Masahiro Ōhara.
4917:Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia
4766:Race, Resistance, and the Ainu of Japan
4715:. Tokyo: Sanyusha Publishing Co., Ltd.
4574:
4531:
4493:
2079:
1546:The Americans' strategic feint called "
14:
6234:
5192:The International Kuril Island Project
4788:
4763:
4319:from the original on November 28, 2020
27:Island chain located in Northeast Asia
5813:
5235:
4897:from the original on 11 February 2017
4817:
4340:
4142:
3421:South Kurils (Minami-chishima / 南千島)
1389:in 1856. In September 1892, north of
974:. Its summit is the highest point in
753:
733:
655:islets, which has led to the ongoing
545:
436:Composite map of the islands between
377:(partial claim, southernmost islands)
201:Location of the Kuril Islands in the
5169:(Kuril Island Biocomplexity Project)
4940:from the original on August 21, 2014
4475:from the original on 5 December 2020
4369:"Глава 26. Коренное население: айны"
3116:Middle Kurils (Naka-chishima / 中千島)
1467:attack on Pearl Harbor in Tankan or
60:adding citations to reliable sources
31:
5758:Seaboard World Airlines Flight 253A
5213:Pictures of Cats – Kurilian Bobtail
4538:. Clarendon Press. pp. 38–39.
4349:from the original on 31 August 2017
4200:Organization of Hokkai (North) Army
3119:split between both Japanese groups
2292:North Kurils (Kita-chishima / 北千島)
2038:18th Machine Gun Artillery Division
1177:South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests
1171:divides the Kuril Islands into two
24:
6247:Archipelagoes of the Pacific Ocean
5106:. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963.
5081:
4628:, of Mystic, May 8–30, 1849, NWC;
4457:
4180:Evacuation of Karafuto and Kuriles
2273:
2007:Yuzhno-Kurilsk Mendeleyevo Airport
1966:is over 60% ethnically Ukrainian.
1601:invaded the North and South Kurils
1486:by American forces occurred. From
1068:, which was known to occasionally
25:
6333:
5721:Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875)
5261:
5154:
5145:Alan Catharine and Denis Cleary.
5111:The Soviet Seizure of the Kuriles
4398:University of Southern California
1926:Russian Orthodox church, Kunashir
1539:Japanese sources report that the
6312:Shipwrecks in the Sea of Okhotsk
6272:Archipelagoes of Sakhalin Oblast
5848:
5841:
5187:Natural Heritage Protection Fund
4838:from the original on 7 July 2023
4595:from the original on 7 July 2023
4552:from the original on 7 July 2023
4471:. BirdLife International. 2021.
4246:from the original on 17 May 2020
2213:
2198:
2186:
2181:in the southern part of Kunashir
2171:
2159:
2147:
2132:
2117:
2040:, which has its headquarters in
1868:) and Shchetinina Island (after
1275:
547:[kʊˈrʲilʲskʲɪjəɐstrɐˈva]
462:
448:maps compiled in the early 1950s
366:
311:
183:
36:
6292:Landforms of the Sea of Okhotsk
6257:Islands of the Russian Far East
6091:Ptichy Island (Shantar Islands)
5173:Kuril Islands at Ocean Dots.com
5066:from the original on 2022-07-21
5047:
5021:
4995:
4970:
4952:
4909:
4883:
4872:from the original on 2019-04-04
4854:
4811:
4782:
4757:
4704:
4692:
4680:
4655:
4643:
4611:
4568:
4525:
4514:from the original on 2023-07-07
4487:
4425:"Distribution of North Pacific"
4375:from the original on 2022-02-18
4341:Koike, Yuriko (31 March 2014).
1906:
1443:
47:needs additional citations for
6086:Ptichy Island (Kamchatka Krai)
4416:
4386:
4361:
4301:
4276:
4258:
4228:
1833:), Farkhutdinov Island (after
1337:), a map of Japan made by the
1151:
13:
1:
6252:Islands of the Sea of Okhotsk
6161:Spafaryev, Ryabokon and Talan
5855:Islands of the Sea of Okhotsk
5736:Invasion of the Kuril Islands
4221:
4185:Invasion of the Kuril Islands
4170:2007 Kuril Islands earthquake
4165:2006 Kuril Islands earthquake
1968:Russian Orthodox Christianity
1611:United States Army Air Forces
1364:. Russian Cossacks landed on
1358:
1136:bird species, including many
853:Köppen climate classification
6297:Volcanoes of Sakhalin Oblast
6282:Disputed territories in Asia
4662:Starbuck, Alexander (1878).
4315:. London. November 1, 2010.
2260:Administrative centre /
1459:ordered the assembly of the
662:
7:
6267:Geography of Northeast Asia
5647:Other geographical features
5113:. New York: Praeger, 1985.
4741:Encyclopedia of Modern Asia
4157:
3990:Tanfilyevka Bay, Bolotnoye
2106:Adam Johann von Krusenstern
2069:combat helicopters and one
2031:
1728:: Derevyanko Island (after
1717:rocks, together called the
1636:in return for entering the
1349:. A Dutch expedition under
1322:
749:
726:
571:
556:
537:
288:2,339 m (7674 ft)
280:1,150 km (715 mi)
10:
6338:
5716:Menashi–Kunashir rebellion
4148:(4,055.3 sq mi)
3429:Reidovo, Kitovyi, Rybaki,
3127:Reidovo, Kitovyi, Rybaki,
1978:
1651:
1526:404th Bombardment Squadron
1447:
1251:
981:
608:in Russia, separating the
6302:Stratovolcanoes of Russia
5861:
5799:Maarten Gerritszoon Vries
5766:
5708:
5682:
5646:
5410:
5269:
5218:Pictures of Kuril Islands
4768:. Routledge. p. 51.
4532:Stephan, John J. (1974).
4343:"Japan's Russian Dilemma"
4309:"Kuril Islands: factfile"
4108:(0.0077 sq mi)
4082:
4011:
3967:
3924:
3881:
3838:
3795:
3755:
3712:
3665:
3581:
3518:
3404:
3334:
3290:
3247:
3204:
3160:
3072:
3028:
2988:
2945:
2902:
2860:
2818:
2775:
2733:
2690:
2660:Harimukotan, Harumukotan
2646:
2633:
2612:Kuroisi, Nemo, Shestakov
2589:
2547:
2504:
2460:
2425:Paramushiru, Horomushiro
2411:
2368:
2325:
2272:
2266:
2259:
2256:
2251:
2247:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2230:
1798:), Gromyko Island (after
1763:), Gnechko Island (after
1496:77th Bombardment Squadron
1329:
1284:Historical extent of the
1232:Among terrestrial birds,
986:
855:of most of the Kurils is
744:
721:
578:
563:
525:
419:
411:
406:
394:
382:
363:
358:
338:
326:
307:
302:
292:
284:
276:
268:
260:
223:
215:
210:
194:
182:
164:
149:
139:
6307:Former Japanese colonies
6277:Disputed islands of Asia
6171:Trety, Krayny and Vtoroy
5779:William Robert Broughton
4982:publication.pravo.gov.ru
4818:Gawne, Jonathan (2002).
4764:Siddle, Richard (1996).
4739:Levinson, David (2002).
4494:Stephan, John J (1974).
4037:(0.027 sq mi)
3822:(22.67 sq mi)
3502:(718.5 sq mi)
3455:Yuzhno-Kurilsky District
3446:(1,270 sq mi)
3441:, Shumi-Gorodok, Gornyy
3144:(1,984 sq mi)
3139:, Shumi-Gorodok, Gornyy
2573:(0.039 sq mi)
2309:(1,353 sq mi)
2281:Severo-Kurilsky District
2193:Yuzhno-Kurilsky District
2112:, and Henry James Snow.
1691:Yuzhno-Kurilsky District
1671:Severo-Kurilsky District
1355:Fedot Alekseyevich Popov
877:subpolar oceanic climate
735:[tɕiɕimaɾeꜜttoː]
588:administered as part of
6287:Pacific Coast of Russia
5659:Ilya Muromets Waterfall
5227:Encyclopædia Britannica
4135:(0.39 sq mi)
4130:Opasnaya, Udivitelnaya
3995:(4.99 sq mi)
3951:(0.91 sq mi)
3908:(3.98 sq mi)
3865:(0.31 sq mi)
3739:(4.47 sq mi)
3696:(37.7 sq mi)
2844:(0.58 sq mi)
1416:Japanese administration
755:[kɯɾiɾɯɾeꜜttoː]
6262:Archipelagoes of Japan
5674:Kuril–Kamchatka Trench
4442:10.47536/jcrm.v6i1.783
3649:(3.5 sq mi)
3564:(579 sq mi)
3477:, Rudnaya, Lagunnoye,
3388:(1.7 sq mi)
3362:(560 sq mi)
3318:(6.2 sq mi)
3274:(8.1 sq mi)
3231:(2.7 sq mi)
3188:(140 sq mi)
3174:Shimushiru, Shinshiru
3056:(1.9 sq mi)
2886:(1.8 sq mi)
2759:(2.3 sq mi)
2617:(164 sq mi)
2488:(2.7 sq mi)
2444:(793 sq mi)
2352:(150 sq mi)
1927:
1919:
1891:46.21861°N 150.56833°E
1856:43.80139°N 146.88389°E
1821:46.23361°N 150.60028°E
1786:43.80139°N 146.86694°E
1751:43.36889°N 146.01750°E
1648:Russian administration
1571:
1461:Imperial Japanese Navy
1432:
1357:sailing into the area
1351:Maarten Gerritsz Vries
1288:
1272:
1261:
1130:BirdLife International
1072:on the Kuril islands.
951:
895:in the north to dense
789:
449:
285:Highest elevation
5881:Baydukov and Belyakov
5753:Kuril Islands dispute
3815:Glushnevskyi station
3732:Moriakov Bay station
3622:(98 sq mi)
3099:(28 sq mi)
2972:(26 sq mi)
2929:(20 sq mi)
2802:(47 sq mi)
2717:(12 sq mi)
2674:(27 sq mi)
2531:(19 sq mi)
2395:(58 sq mi)
1925:
1914:
1654:Kuril Islands dispute
1621:In February 1945 the
1565:
1534:54th Fighter Squadron
1463:strike-force for the
1423:
1283:
1267:
1259:
1035:, several species of
947:Mt. Ruruy; view from
943:
781:
774:Geography and climate
657:Kuril Islands dispute
582:, "Thousand Islands")
446:U.S. Army Map Service
435:
5130:Hasegawa, Tsuyoshi.
5033:Russia Briefing News
3605:Dumnova, Otradnaya,
3547:, Goryachiy Plyazh,
3543:Rudnaya, Lagunnoye,
3481:, Goryachiy Plyazh,
3261:Chirihoi, Chierupoi
2080:List of main islands
1719:Northern Territories
1587:Superfortresses, on
1164:on a species level.
1126:Important Bird Areas
1027:: Further offshore,
839:, which resulted in
824:. There is frequent
681:original inhabitants
671:originates from the
651:and the unpopulated
526:Кури́льские острова́
56:improve this article
5147:Unwelcome Company.
5035:. 13 September 2023
4313:The Daily Telegraph
4195:Karafuto Prefecture
3218:Buroton, Makanruru
2220:White Rocks, Iturup
2208:volcano, Paramushir
1896:46.21861; 150.56833
1887: /
1861:43.80139; 146.88389
1852: /
1826:46.23361; 150.60028
1817: /
1791:43.80139; 146.86694
1782: /
1756:43.36889; 146.01750
1747: /
1536:on 5 February 1944.
1450:Soviet–Japanese War
1408:and escorted it to
1385:in 1855 and one on
1343:Shiretoko Peninsula
1185:Kamchatka Peninsula
618:Greater Kuril Chain
606:Kamchatka Peninsula
538:Kuril'skiye ostrova
444:, combining twelve
438:Kamchatka Peninsula
241: /
136:
5726:Russo-Japanese War
5638:Zavaritski Caldera
5493:Goryashchaya Sopka
5483:Golets-Torny Group
5054:Sebastien Roblin.
4469:BirdLife Data Zone
4404:on 4 December 2006
4270:2013-04-24 at the
3852:Harukaru, Dyomina
3609:(formerly Anama),
3431:Goryachiye Klyuchi
3418:Etorofu, Ietorupu
3129:Goryachiye Klyuchi
2959:Rashowa, Rasutsua
2267:Other settlements
2042:Goryachiye Klyuchi
1973:post-Soviet states
1928:
1920:
1662:), each a part of
1572:
1503:Eleventh Air Force
1433:
1339:Tokugawa shogunate
1289:
1273:
1262:
954:The northernmost,
952:
812:, which forms the
790:
675:of the aboriginal
622:Lesser Kuril Chain
567:, "Kuril Islands")
450:
293:Highest point
150:Курильские острова
134:
6229:
6228:
6126:Sakharnaya Golova
5807:
5806:
5741:Battle of Shumshu
5608:Tao-Rusyr Caldera
5277:Antsiferov Island
5140:978-0-674-02241-6
4866:history.state.gov
4804:978-9-00410-735-9
4775:978-0-41513-228-2
4750:978-0-684-80617-4
4722:978-4-88322-597-2
4507:978-0-19-821563-9
4497:The Kuril Islands
4242:. 14 April 2023.
4190:Karafuto Fortress
4175:Chishima Province
4155:
4154:
3357:Mys Van-der-Lind
3108:Kurilsky District
2480:Antsiferov beach
2092:, I. Kozyrevsky,
2090:Danila Antsiferov
2074:project submarine
1835:Igor Farkhutdinov
1681:Kurilsky District
1548:Operation Wedlock
1505:dispatched eight
1238:peregrine falcons
1189:Commander Islands
1066:Japanese sea lion
1061:Steller sea lions
968:wood-block prints
869:humid continental
837:November 15, 2006
760:Kuril Archipelago
584:) are a volcanic
535:
430:
429:
132:
131:
124:
106:
16:(Redirected from
6329:
6322:Seabird colonies
5991:Khalpili Islands
5853:
5852:
5846:
5845:
5834:
5827:
5820:
5811:
5810:
5731:Hawaii Operation
5683:Cities and towns
5633:Vernadskii Ridge
5256:
5249:
5242:
5233:
5232:
5088:Gorshkov, G. S.
5075:
5074:
5072:
5071:
5051:
5045:
5044:
5042:
5040:
5025:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5014:
4999:
4993:
4992:
4990:
4988:
4974:
4968:
4967:
4962:. Archived from
4956:
4950:
4949:
4947:
4945:
4930:
4924:
4913:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4902:
4887:
4881:
4880:
4878:
4877:
4858:
4852:
4851:
4845:
4843:
4815:
4809:
4808:
4795:Brill Publishers
4786:
4780:
4779:
4761:
4755:
4754:
4736:
4727:
4726:
4708:
4702:
4699:Cape Horn Pigeon
4696:
4690:
4684:
4678:
4677:
4659:
4653:
4647:
4641:
4638:Cape Horn Pigeon
4615:
4609:
4608:
4602:
4600:
4572:
4566:
4565:
4559:
4557:
4529:
4523:
4522:
4520:
4519:
4491:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4480:
4461:
4455:
4454:
4444:
4420:
4414:
4413:
4411:
4409:
4390:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4365:
4359:
4358:
4356:
4354:
4338:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4324:
4305:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4286:. Archived from
4280:
4274:
4262:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4251:
4232:
4146:10,503.2 km
4093:
4022:
3978:
3935:
3892:
3849:
3806:
3766:
3723:
3676:
3592:
3529:
3415:
3345:
3301:
3258:
3215:
3171:
3083:
3039:
2999:
2956:
2913:
2871:
2829:
2811:Lowuschki-Felsen
2786:
2744:
2701:
2657:
2644:
2600:
2561:Hokake, Hainoko
2558:
2515:
2471:
2422:
2382:Oyakoba, Araido
2379:
2336:
2275:
2264:
2249:
2240:
2228:
2227:
2217:
2202:
2190:
2175:
2163:
2151:
2136:
2121:
2086:Vladimir Atlasov
2026:Russian far east
1915:Main village in
1902:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1870:Anna Shchetinina
1867:
1866:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1857:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1848:
1845:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1813:
1810:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1775:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1743:
1740:
1730:Kuzma Derevyanko
1625:promised to the
1581:Aleutian Islands
1465:Hawaii Operation
1457:Isoroku Yamamoto
1455:In 1941 Admiral
1402:Cape Horn Pigeon
1400:seized the bark
1363:
1360:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1325:
1301:Muromachi period
1227:Kurilian Bobtail
1090:northern fulmars
881:southwest Alaska
826:seismic activity
764:pseudo-etymology
757:
752:
747:
746:
737:
732:
729:
724:
723:
635:near the end of
594:Russian Far East
583:
581:
580:
574:
568:
566:
565:
559:
549:
544:
540:
530:
528:
527:
518:
517:
514:
513:
510:
507:
504:
501:
498:
495:
490:
489:
486:
483:
478:
477:
472:
471:
468:
442:Nemuro Peninsula
372:
370:
369:
317:
315:
314:
256:
255:
253:
252:
251:
246:
242:
239:
238:
237:
234:
199:
187:
176:
175:
167:
166:
160:
152:
151:
141:Disputed islands
137:
133:
127:
120:
116:
113:
107:
105:
64:
40:
32:
21:
6337:
6336:
6332:
6331:
6330:
6328:
6327:
6326:
6232:
6231:
6230:
6225:
6131:Shantar Islands
6106:Rechnaya Matuga
6046:Morskaya Matuga
5976:Kamen Opasnosti
5906:Chastye Islands
5896:Bolshoy Shantar
5857:
5847:
5840:
5838:
5808:
5803:
5784:Vasily Golovnin
5762:
5704:
5678:
5642:
5553:Milna (volcano)
5533:Lomonosov Group
5508:Karpinsky Group
5406:
5362:Polonsky Island
5337:Lowuschki Rocks
5332:Kunashir Island
5312:Habomai Islands
5302:Chyornye Bratya
5265:
5260:
5177:Wayback Machine
5157:
5152:
5084:
5082:Further reading
5079:
5078:
5069:
5067:
5052:
5048:
5038:
5036:
5027:
5026:
5022:
5012:
5010:
5001:
5000:
4996:
4986:
4984:
4976:
4975:
4971:
4958:
4957:
4953:
4943:
4941:
4932:
4931:
4927:
4914:
4910:
4900:
4898:
4889:
4888:
4884:
4875:
4873:
4860:
4859:
4855:
4841:
4839:
4832:
4816:
4812:
4805:
4797:. p. 614.
4787:
4783:
4776:
4762:
4758:
4751:
4737:
4730:
4723:
4709:
4705:
4697:
4693:
4685:
4681:
4674:
4660:
4656:
4648:
4644:
4616:
4612:
4598:
4596:
4589:
4573:
4569:
4555:
4553:
4546:
4530:
4526:
4517:
4515:
4508:
4492:
4488:
4478:
4476:
4463:
4462:
4458:
4421:
4417:
4407:
4405:
4392:
4391:
4387:
4378:
4376:
4367:
4366:
4362:
4352:
4350:
4339:
4332:
4322:
4320:
4307:
4306:
4302:
4293:
4291:
4282:
4281:
4277:
4272:Wayback Machine
4263:
4259:
4249:
4247:
4236:"Kuril Islands"
4234:
4233:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4160:
4147:
4134:
4107:
4036:
3994:
3950:
3907:
3864:
3821:
3738:
3695:
3648:
3621:
3607:Krabozavodskoye
3563:
3501:
3500:1,860.8 km
3445:
3387:
3361:
3317:
3273:
3267:Peschanaya Bay
3230:
3187:
3143:
3098:
3055:
2971:
2928:
2885:
2843:
2801:
2758:
2716:
2673:
2645:
2616:
2572:
2530:
2487:
2443:
2394:
2388:Alaidskaya Bay
2351:
2308:
2262:
2261:
2253:
2221:
2218:
2209:
2203:
2194:
2191:
2182:
2176:
2167:
2164:
2155:
2152:
2143:
2137:
2128:
2122:
2110:Vasily Golovnin
2102:Martin Spanberg
2082:
2061:missile system
2059:coastal defence
2034:
1981:
1909:
1895:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1851:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1839:
1838:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1816:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1790:
1788:
1784:
1781:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1768:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1726:Sakhalin Oblast
1664:Sakhalin Oblast
1656:
1650:
1623:Yalta Agreement
1507:B-24 Liberators
1488:Alexai airfield
1452:
1446:
1418:
1391:Kunashir Island
1361:
1326:
1297:Kamakura period
1278:
1270:Chishima Tanken
1254:
1154:
1029:walleye pollock
993:Oyashio Current
989:
984:
976:Sakhalin Oblast
802:stratovolcanoes
776:
730:
679:, the islands'
665:
612:from the north
590:Sakhalin Oblast
575:
560:
542:
492:
480:
474:
465:
461:
378:
376:
367:
365:
353:Yuzhno-Kurilsky
345:Severo-Kurilsky
333:Sakhalin Oblast
328:Federal subject
322:
312:
310:
249:
247:
243:
240:
235:
232:
230:
228:
227:
206:
203:Western Pacific
190:
178:
177:
169:
162:
161:
154:
147:
143:
128:
117:
111:
108:
71:"Kuril Islands"
65:
63:
53:
41:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6335:
6325:
6324:
6319:
6314:
6309:
6304:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6269:
6264:
6259:
6254:
6249:
6244:
6227:
6226:
6224:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6156:Sivuch'i Rocks
6153:
6148:
6143:
6138:
6133:
6128:
6123:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6093:
6088:
6083:
6078:
6073:
6068:
6063:
6058:
6056:Nedorazumeniya
6053:
6048:
6043:
6038:
6033:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6003:
5998:
5993:
5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5971:Kamen-Mukdykyn
5968:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5911:Chetyre Paltsa
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5862:
5859:
5858:
5837:
5836:
5829:
5822:
5814:
5805:
5804:
5802:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5789:Takadaya Kahei
5786:
5781:
5776:
5770:
5768:
5764:
5763:
5761:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5744:
5743:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5712:
5710:
5706:
5705:
5703:
5702:
5700:Yuzhno-Kurilsk
5697:
5695:Severo-Kurilsk
5692:
5686:
5684:
5680:
5679:
5677:
5676:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5650:
5648:
5644:
5643:
5641:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5414:
5412:
5408:
5407:
5405:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5282:Atlasov Island
5279:
5273:
5271:
5267:
5266:
5259:
5258:
5251:
5244:
5236:
5230:
5229:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5180:
5170:
5164:
5156:
5155:External links
5153:
5151:
5150:
5143:
5128:
5121:
5107:
5100:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5077:
5076:
5046:
5020:
4994:
4969:
4966:on 2007-10-29.
4951:
4925:
4908:
4882:
4853:
4830:
4810:
4803:
4781:
4774:
4756:
4749:
4728:
4721:
4703:
4691:
4679:
4672:
4654:
4642:
4610:
4587:
4567:
4544:
4524:
4506:
4486:
4456:
4415:
4385:
4360:
4330:
4300:
4275:
4257:
4240:Britannica.com
4226:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4153:
4152:
4149:
4144:
4140:
4139:
4136:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4112:
4109:
4104:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4086:
4080:
4077:
4071:
4070:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4054:
4051:
4048:
4042:
4041:
4038:
4033:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4015:
4009:
4006:
4000:
3999:
3996:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3971:
3965:
3962:
3956:
3955:
3952:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3928:
3922:
3919:
3913:
3912:
3909:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3885:
3879:
3876:
3870:
3869:
3866:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3842:
3836:
3833:
3827:
3826:
3823:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3799:
3793:
3790:
3784:
3783:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3759:
3753:
3750:
3744:
3743:
3740:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3716:
3710:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3697:
3692:
3686:
3683:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3669:
3663:
3660:
3654:
3653:
3650:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3633:
3631:
3627:
3626:
3623:
3618:
3603:
3601:Malokurilskoye
3598:
3595:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3585:
3579:
3576:
3569:
3568:
3565:
3560:
3541:
3539:Yuzhno-Kurilsk
3536:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3522:
3516:
3513:
3507:
3506:
3503:
3498:
3475:Malokurilskoye
3472:
3470:Yuzhno-Kurilsk
3467:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3451:
3450:
3447:
3442:
3427:
3422:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3408:
3402:
3399:
3393:
3392:
3389:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3373:
3371:
3367:
3366:
3363:
3358:
3355:
3354:Mys Kastrikum
3352:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3332:
3329:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3314:
3311:
3308:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3294:
3288:
3285:
3283:Brat Chirpoyev
3279:
3278:
3275:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3251:
3245:
3242:
3236:
3235:
3232:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3202:
3199:
3193:
3192:
3189:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3164:
3158:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3145:
3140:
3125:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3100:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3070:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3057:
3052:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3026:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2986:
2983:
2977:
2976:
2973:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2943:
2940:
2934:
2933:
2930:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2900:
2897:
2891:
2890:
2887:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2858:
2855:
2849:
2848:
2845:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2816:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2803:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2773:
2770:
2764:
2763:
2760:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2731:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2718:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2694:
2688:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2675:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2631:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2593:
2587:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2574:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2545:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2532:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2502:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2489:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2458:
2455:
2449:
2448:
2445:
2440:
2434:
2432:Severo-Kurilsk
2429:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2409:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2396:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2366:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2353:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2323:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2310:
2305:
2298:
2296:Severo-Kurilsk
2293:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2258:
2255:
2250:
2241:
2232:
2223:
2222:
2219:
2212:
2210:
2204:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2185:
2183:
2177:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2146:
2144:
2140:Severo-Kurilsk
2138:
2131:
2129:
2125:Yuzhno-Kurilsk
2123:
2116:
2094:Ivan Yevreinov
2081:
2078:
2033:
2030:
2018:Mount Baransky
1994:, and various
1980:
1977:
1908:
1905:
1800:Andrei Gromyko
1765:Alexey Gnechko
1699:
1698:
1695:Yuzhno-Kurilsk
1688:
1678:
1675:Severo-Kurilsk
1649:
1646:
1642:South Sakhalin
1630:South Sakhalin
1619:
1618:
1607:
1604:
1597:
1560:
1559:
1544:
1537:
1518:
1499:
1492:B-25 Mitchells
1476:
1445:
1442:
1417:
1414:
1323:Shōhō kuni ezu
1277:
1274:
1253:
1250:
1153:
1150:
1094:tufted puffins
988:
985:
983:
980:
956:Atlasov Island
949:Yuzhno-Kurilsk
905:Atlasov Island
833:8.5 earthquake
828:, including a
785:of the island
775:
772:
727:Chishima Rettō
664:
661:
610:Sea of Okhotsk
572:Chishima rettō
458:Kurile Islands
428:
427:
421:
417:
416:
413:
409:
408:
404:
403:
398:
392:
391:
386:
380:
379:
364:
361:
360:
356:
355:
342:
336:
335:
330:
324:
323:
308:
305:
304:
303:Administration
300:
299:
294:
290:
289:
286:
282:
281:
278:
274:
273:
270:
266:
265:
262:
258:
257:
245:47.0°N 152.1°E
225:
221:
220:
217:
213:
212:
208:
207:
200:
192:
191:
188:
180:
179:
146:
144:
130:
129:
44:
42:
35:
26:
18:Kurile Islands
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6334:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6242:Kuril Islands
6240:
6239:
6237:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6011:Kuril Islands
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5891:Bolshoy Chome
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5863:
5860:
5856:
5851:
5844:
5835:
5830:
5828:
5823:
5821:
5816:
5815:
5812:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5794:Matsumae clan
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5771:
5769:
5765:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5742:
5739:
5738:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5713:
5711:
5707:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5687:
5685:
5681:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5669:Cape Koritsky
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5654:Bussol Strait
5652:
5651:
5649:
5645:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5583:Sarychev Peak
5581:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5523:Kolokol Group
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5438:Bogatyr Ridge
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5409:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5274:
5272:
5268:
5264:
5263:Kuril Islands
5257:
5252:
5250:
5245:
5243:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5228:
5224:
5223:Kuril Islands
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5184:
5183:Kuril Islands
5181:
5178:
5174:
5171:
5168:
5165:
5162:
5159:
5158:
5148:
5144:
5141:
5137:
5133:
5129:
5126:
5122:
5120:
5119:0-03-002552-4
5116:
5112:
5109:Rees, David.
5108:
5105:
5101:
5099:
5098:0-306-30407-4
5095:
5091:
5087:
5086:
5065:
5061:
5057:
5050:
5034:
5030:
5024:
5009:. Feb 2, 2022
5008:
5004:
4998:
4983:
4979:
4973:
4965:
4961:
4955:
4939:
4935:
4929:
4922:
4918:
4912:
4896:
4892:
4886:
4871:
4867:
4863:
4857:
4850:
4837:
4833:
4831:9781935149927
4827:
4823:
4822:
4814:
4806:
4800:
4796:
4792:
4785:
4777:
4771:
4767:
4760:
4752:
4746:
4742:
4735:
4733:
4724:
4718:
4714:
4707:
4700:
4695:
4688:
4683:
4675:
4673:1-55521-537-8
4669:
4665:
4658:
4651:
4646:
4639:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4623:
4619:
4614:
4607:
4594:
4590:
4588:9785884531222
4584:
4580:
4579:
4571:
4564:
4551:
4547:
4545:9780198215639
4541:
4537:
4536:
4528:
4513:
4509:
4503:
4499:
4498:
4490:
4474:
4470:
4466:
4460:
4452:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4434:
4430:
4426:
4419:
4403:
4399:
4395:
4389:
4374:
4370:
4364:
4348:
4344:
4337:
4335:
4318:
4314:
4310:
4304:
4290:on 2011-01-14
4289:
4285:
4279:
4273:
4269:
4266:
4261:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4231:
4227:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4150:
4145:
4141:
4137:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4125:South Kurils
4124:
4122:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4114:
4110:
4105:
4103:
4101:
4099:South Kurils
4098:
4095:
4090:
4087:
4084:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4061:
4059:South Kurils
4058:
4055:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4039:
4034:
4032:
4030:
4028:South Kurils
4027:
4024:
4019:
4016:
4013:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4001:
3997:
3993:12.92 km
3992:
3989:
3986:
3984:South Kurils
3983:
3980:
3975:
3972:
3969:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3957:
3953:
3948:
3946:
3944:Bolshoye Bay
3943:
3941:South Kurils
3940:
3937:
3932:
3929:
3926:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3910:
3906:10.32 km
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:South Kurils
3897:
3894:
3889:
3886:
3883:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3867:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:South Kurils
3854:
3851:
3846:
3843:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3828:
3824:
3820:58.72 km
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:South Kurils
3811:
3808:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3785:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3774:
3772:South Kurils
3771:
3768:
3763:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3745:
3741:
3737:11.57 km
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:South Kurils
3728:
3725:
3720:
3717:
3714:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3698:
3693:
3691:, Polonskogo
3690:
3687:
3684:
3682:South Kurils
3681:
3678:
3673:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3651:
3646:
3644:Ayvazovskovo
3643:
3641:
3639:South Kurils
3638:
3636:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3624:
3619:
3617:, Kray Sveta
3616:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:South Kurils
3596:
3594:
3589:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3570:
3566:
3562:1,499 km
3561:
3558:
3554:
3550:
3546:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:South Kurils
3534:
3531:
3526:
3523:
3520:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3508:
3504:
3499:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:South Kurils
3465:
3463:South Kurils
3462:
3460:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3444:3,280 km
3443:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3420:
3417:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3394:
3390:
3385:
3383:
3381:
3379:North Kurils
3378:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3364:
3360:1,450 km
3359:
3356:
3353:
3351:North Kurils
3350:
3347:
3342:
3339:
3336:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3315:
3312:
3309:
3307:North Kurils
3306:
3303:
3298:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3287:Брат Чирпоев
3286:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:North Kurils
3263:
3260:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3233:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:North Kurils
3220:
3217:
3212:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3190:
3185:
3183:Srednaya bay
3182:
3179:
3177:North Kurils
3176:
3173:
3168:
3165:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3146:
3142:5,138 km
3141:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3105:
3101:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:North Kurils
3088:
3085:
3080:
3077:
3074:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3058:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3045:North Kurils
3044:
3041:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3005:North Kurils
3004:
3001:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2974:
2969:
2967:
2965:Arches Point
2964:
2962:North Kurils
2961:
2958:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2931:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:North Kurils
2918:
2915:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2888:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:North Kurils
2875:
2873:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2846:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2835:North Kurils
2834:
2831:
2826:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:North Kurils
2791:
2788:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2765:
2761:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:North Kurils
2748:
2746:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:North Kurils
2706:
2703:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2676:
2671:
2669:Severgin Bay
2668:
2665:
2663:North Kurils
2662:
2659:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2606:North Kurils
2605:
2602:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2564:North Kurils
2563:
2560:
2555:
2552:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:North Kurils
2520:
2517:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2490:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2477:North Kurils
2476:
2473:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2442:2,053 km
2441:
2439:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:North Kurils
2427:
2424:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:North Kurils
2384:
2381:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:North Kurils
2341:
2338:
2333:
2330:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2315:
2311:
2307:3,504 km
2306:
2303:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2289:North Kurils
2288:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2263:Landing point
2257:Island Group
2245:
2236:
2229:
2226:
2216:
2211:
2207:
2201:
2196:
2189:
2184:
2180:
2174:
2169:
2162:
2157:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2135:
2130:
2126:
2120:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2098:Fyodor Luzhin
2095:
2091:
2087:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2029:
2027:
2021:
2019:
2014:
2010:
2008:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1976:
1974:
1969:
1965:
1964:Iturup Island
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1924:
1918:
1913:
1904:
1900:
1871:
1865:
1836:
1830:
1801:
1795:
1766:
1760:
1731:
1727:
1722:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1696:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1655:
1645:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1634:Kuril islands
1631:
1628:
1624:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1564:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1542:
1538:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1441:
1438:
1430:
1426:
1425:Shana Village
1422:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1367:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1332:
1324:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1310:
1309:Matsumae clan
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1287:
1282:
1276:Early history
1271:
1266:
1258:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1213:, foxes, and
1212:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1197:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
1001:
1000:Invertebrates
996:
994:
979:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
950:
946:
945:Stratovolcano
942:
938:
936:
932:
928:
925:
921:
917:
913:
912:alpine tundra
908:
906:
902:
898:
894:
889:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
848:
846:
842:
838:
834:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
810:Okhotsk Plate
807:
806:Pacific Plate
803:
799:
795:
788:
784:
780:
771:
769:
766:from Russian
765:
761:
758:, literally,
756:
751:
741:
736:
728:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
660:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
629:1945 invasion
625:
623:
619:
615:
614:Pacific Ocean
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
573:
558:
553:
548:
539:
533:
522:
516:
459:
455:
454:Kuril Islands
447:
443:
439:
434:
426:
422:
420:Ethnic groups
418:
415:21,501 (2021)
414:
410:
405:
402:
399:
397:
396:Subprefecture
393:
390:
387:
385:
381:
375:
362:
357:
354:
350:
346:
343:
341:
337:
334:
331:
329:
325:
321:
320:
306:
301:
298:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
261:Total islands
259:
254:
226:
222:
219:Pacific Ocean
218:
214:
209:
204:
198:
193:
186:
181:
173:
158:
145:Native name:
142:
138:
135:Kuril Islands
126:
123:
115:
104:
101:
97:
94:
90:
87:
83:
80:
76:
73: –
72:
68:
67:Find sources:
61:
57:
51:
50:
45:This article
43:
39:
34:
33:
30:
19:
6116:Rovny Island
6026:Maly Shantar
6010:
5966:Ivyinichaman
5876:Banka Zotova
5538:Lvinaya Past
5498:Grozny Group
5262:
5146:
5131:
5124:
5110:
5103:
5089:
5068:. Retrieved
5059:
5049:
5037:. Retrieved
5032:
5023:
5011:. Retrieved
5006:
4997:
4985:. Retrieved
4981:
4972:
4964:the original
4954:
4942:. Retrieved
4928:
4920:
4916:
4911:
4899:. Retrieved
4885:
4874:. Retrieved
4865:
4856:
4847:
4840:. Retrieved
4820:
4813:
4790:
4784:
4765:
4759:
4740:
4712:
4706:
4698:
4694:
4686:
4682:
4663:
4657:
4649:
4645:
4637:
4633:
4629:
4625:
4621:
4617:
4613:
4604:
4597:. Retrieved
4577:
4570:
4561:
4554:. Retrieved
4534:
4527:
4516:. Retrieved
4496:
4489:
4477:. Retrieved
4468:
4459:
4432:
4428:
4418:
4406:. Retrieved
4402:the original
4388:
4377:. Retrieved
4363:
4351:. Retrieved
4321:. Retrieved
4312:
4303:
4292:. Retrieved
4288:the original
4278:
4260:
4248:. Retrieved
4239:
4230:
4106:0.02 km
4035:0.07 km
3949:2.35 km
3769:Todo, Kaiba
3694:97.7 km
3559:, Golovnino
3555:, Dubovoye,
3497:, Golovnino
3310:Garovnikova
3304:Chirihoinan
3224:Nedostupnyy
2752:Cape Ptichy
2483:Cape Terkut
2224:
2142:, Paramushir
2083:
2072:Varshavyanka
2071:
2035:
2022:
2015:
2011:
2003:
1996:polymetallic
1982:
1929:
1907:Demographics
1723:
1718:
1700:
1657:
1627:Soviet Union
1620:
1444:World War II
1437:assimilation
1434:
1429:Shōwa period
1427:in Etorofu (
1401:
1379:right whales
1370:
1347:Cape Nosappu
1317:Map of Japan
1312:
1290:
1269:
1248:are common.
1231:
1193:
1166:
1155:
1083:
1082:
1075:
1074:
1046:
1045:
1022:
1021:
1003:: Extensive
998:
997:
990:
953:
916:crater lakes
909:
890:
872:
863:), although
860:
849:
814:Kuril Trench
798:Ring of Fire
791:
767:
759:
750:Kuriru Rettō
704:
696:
692:
684:
668:
666:
637:World War II
633:Soviet Union
626:
557:Kuriru rettō
457:
453:
451:
407:Demographics
309:
118:
109:
99:
92:
85:
78:
66:
54:Please help
49:verification
46:
29:
6211:Yengalychev
6206:Yam Islands
6141:Shiashkotan
5996:Kharimkotan
5931:Dobrzhansky
5916:Chirinkotan
5774:Ainu people
5664:Kasatka Bay
5548:Mendeleyeva
5528:Kuntomintar
5518:Kharimkotan
5448:Chirinkotan
5443:Chikurachki
5377:Shiashkotan
5327:Kharimkotan
5297:Chirinkotan
4901:11 February
4626:Shepherdess
4618:Eliza Adams
4563:the Kurils.
4408:1 September
4079:Сигнальный
4025:Moemoshiri
4008:Сторожевой
4004:Storozhevoy
3863:0.8 km
3709:Полонского
3647:9.1 km
3620:255 km
3553:Mendeleyevo
3487:Mendeleyevo
3439:Burevestnik
3386:4.4 km
3186:360 km
3137:Burevestnik
3092:Storozheva
3051:Ryponkicha
2884:4.6 km
2842:1.5 km
2800:122 km
2789:Shasukotan
2768:Shiashkotan
2730:Чиринкотан
2726:Chirinkotan
2630:Харимкотан
2626:Kharimkotan
2615:425 km
2571:0.1 km
2457:Анциферова
2436:Shelikovo,
2393:150 km
2350:388 km
2300:Shelikovo,
2252:Alternative
2179:Mendeleyeva
2067:Kamov Ka-52
1944:Belarusians
1894: /
1859: /
1824: /
1789: /
1754: /
1638:Pacific War
1585:Boeing B-29
1570:coin, 2020.
1410:Vladivostok
1406:New Bedford
1362: 1649
1293:Ainu people
1152:Terrestrial
1033:Pacific cod
1009:sea urchins
818:hot springs
689:Ainu people
586:archipelago
250:47.0; 152.1
248: /
224:Coordinates
6236:Categories
6081:Prokofyeva
6071:Paramushir
6021:Makanrushi
5941:Feklistova
5866:Antsiferov
5618:Tri Sestry
5563:Prevo Peak
5503:Ivao Group
5433:Berutarube
5423:Atsonupuri
5357:Paramushir
5342:Makanrushi
5070:2022-08-04
5060:Forbes.com
5039:7 December
5013:7 December
4987:7 December
4876:2019-04-04
4849:attacking.
4842:27 January
4793:. Leiden:
4687:The Friend
4666:. Castle.
4634:Sea Breeze
4599:27 January
4556:27 January
4518:2021-01-27
4479:7 February
4435:(1): 1–6.
4379:2021-09-01
4294:2011-02-01
4222:References
4075:Signal'nyy
3964:Танфильев
3960:Tanfil'yev
3901:Kalernaya
3705:Polonskogo
3532:Kunashiri
3316:16 km
3272:21 km
3180:Kraternyy
3097:73 km
3048:Kraternya
3042:Ushishiru
2970:67 km
2927:52 km
2922:Sarychevo
2795:Makarovka
2772:Шиашкотан
2715:30 km
2672:70 km
2603:Onwakotan
2529:50 km
2501:Маканруши
2497:Makanrushi
2453:Antsiferov
2408:Парамушир
2404:Paramushir
2304:, Baikovo
2127:, Kunashir
1940:Ukrainians
1932:Paramushir
1882:150°34′6″E
1847:146°53′2″E
1812:150°36′1″E
1777:146°52′1″E
1713:, and the
1652:See also:
1484:Paramushir
1448:See also:
1387:Makanrushi
1375:whaleships
1305:Edo period
1211:brown bear
1173:ecoregions
1138:waterbirds
1134:threatened
1128:(IBAs) by
1122:cormorants
1106:guillemots
1102:kittiwakes
1077:Sea otters
1057:true seals
1011:, various
972:Mount Fuji
931:landslides
845:California
808:under the
731:pronounced
691:, such as
412:Population
384:Prefecture
359:Claimed by
112:April 2023
82:newspapers
6041:Menshikov
5946:Glinyanyy
5558:Nemo Peak
5543:Medvezhya
5478:Fuss Peak
5411:Volcanoes
4650:Lexington
4133:1 km
4066:Unknown
3809:Shibotsu
3779:Unknown
3615:Voloshina
3611:Zvezdnaya
3313:Semenova
3229:7 km
3201:Броутона
3054:5 km
3012:Unknown
2985:Среднего
2757:6 km
2666:Sunazhma
2586:Онекотан
2486:7 km
2474:Shirinki
2365:Атласова
2339:Shumushu
1879:46°13′7″N
1844:43°48′5″N
1809:46°14′1″N
1774:43°48′5″N
1742:146°1′3″E
1739:43°22′8″N
1579:from the
1532:from the
1524:from the
1515:Kamchatka
1494:from the
1469:Hitokappu
1368:in 1711.
1314:Shōhō Era
920:peat bogs
885:Manchuria
857:subarctic
830:magnitude
822:fumaroles
667:The name
663:Etymology
532:romanized
423:majority
340:Districts
211:Geography
6221:Zubchaty
6216:Zavyalov
6196:Ushishir
6151:Simushir
6136:Shelikan
6121:Sakhalin
6061:Onekotan
6051:Nansikan
6036:Medvezhy
6006:Kunashir
5951:Hokkaido
5901:Broutona
5628:Ushishur
5588:Shirinki
5488:Golovnin
5428:Baransky
5397:Ushishir
5392:Simushir
5382:Shikotan
5352:Onekotan
5292:Broutona
5134:. 2006.
5064:Archived
5007:tass.com
4938:Archived
4895:Archived
4870:Archived
4836:Archived
4622:Splendid
4593:Archived
4550:Archived
4512:Archived
4473:Archived
4451:20154991
4373:Archived
4353:5 August
4347:Archived
4323:April 3,
4317:Archived
4268:Archived
4250:3 August
4244:Archived
4158:See also
4096:Kaigara
4050:Рифовый
3938:Akiyuri
3921:Анучина
3917:Anuchina
3792:Зелёный
3752:Осколки
3679:Habomai
3671:はぼまいぐんとう
3662:Хабомаи
3658:Khabomai
3578:Шикотан
3573:Shikotan
3515:Кунашир
3511:Kunashir
3491:Dubovoye
3296:ちりほいなんじま
3197:Broutona
3157:Симушир
3153:Simushir
3021:Ushishir
2981:Srednego
2916:Matsuwa
2879:Raikoke
2857:Райкоке
2832:Mushiru
2815:Ловушки
2781:しゃすこたんとう
2739:ちりんこたんとう
2710:Kruglyy
2704:Ekaruma
2652:はるむこたんとう
2639:はりむこたんとう
2595:おんねこたんとう
2582:Onekotan
2518:Makanru
2438:Podgorny
2345:Baikovo
2302:Podgorny
2244:Japanese
2032:Military
1936:Russians
1917:Shikotan
1711:Shikotan
1703:Kunashir
1632:and the
1596:shelved.
1589:Amchitka
1568:5 rouble
1552:Hokkaidō
1398:schooner
1372:American
1246:wagtails
1219:Leopards
1162:endemism
1158:Sakhalin
1142:seabirds
1085:Seabirds
1070:haul out
1048:Pinniped
1037:flatfish
1013:mollusks
960:volcanic
865:Kunashir
794:tectonic
787:Ushishir
740:Katakana
713:Japanese
709:Hokkaidō
701:Sakhalin
649:Shikotan
645:Kunashir
598:Hokkaido
552:Japanese
425:Russians
389:Hokkaido
349:Kurilsky
236:152°06′E
216:Location
172:Japanese
6176:Tyuleny
6146:Shumshu
6111:Reyneke
6101:Rasshua
6096:Raikoke
6076:Pilamif
5981:Kekurny
5921:Chkalov
5886:Belichy
5871:Atlasov
5690:Kurilsk
5623:Uratman
5603:Srednii
5598:Smirnov
5593:Sinarka
5578:Rudakov
5573:Rasshua
5568:Raikoke
5458:Chirpoi
5387:Shumshu
5372:Rasshua
5367:Raikoke
5270:Islands
5175:at the
4944:May 24,
4606:Kurils.
4215:Zemlyak
4151:19,434
4143:Total:
4046:Rifovyy
4017:もえもしりとう
3987:Zorkiy
3981:Suishō
3973:すいしょうじま
3858:Haruka
3835:Харкар
3831:Kharkar
3788:Zelyony
3748:Oskolki
3726:Taraku
3689:Zelyony
3685:Zorkiy
3575:Island
3505:10,268
3435:Kasatka
3425:Kurilsk
3401:Итуруп
3348:Uruppu
3244:Чирпой
3240:Chirpoy
3133:Kasatka
3123:Kurilsk
3025:Ушишир
3002:Suride
2942:Расшуа
2938:Rasshua
2853:Raikoke
2824:むしるれつがん
2687:Экарма
2609:Mussel
2417:ぱらむしるとう
2361:Atlasov
2331:しゅむしゅとう
2318:Shumshu
2235:Russian
2231:Island
2154:Atlasov
2063:Bastion
2044:on the
1984:Fishing
1979:Economy
1715:Habomai
1685:Kurilsk
1541:Matsuwa
1528:and 16
1509:and 12
1480:Shumshu
1395:Russian
1377:caught
1366:Shumshu
1311:. The
1299:to the
1252:History
1240:, some
1215:martens
1207:rodents
1114:petrels
1110:auklets
1053:Raykoke
1041:sardine
982:Ecology
924:seabird
841:tsunami
783:Caldera
673:autonym
653:Habomai
631:by the
592:in the
521:Russian
233:47°00′N
157:Russian
96:scholar
6201:Utichy
6066:Oremif
6016:Kusova
5961:Iturup
5936:Ekarma
5767:People
5709:Events
5613:Tyatya
5473:Ekarma
5453:Chirip
5317:Iturup
5307:Ekarma
5138:
5117:
5096:
4828:
4801:
4772:
4747:
4719:
4670:
4630:Hudson
4585:
4542:
4504:
4449:
4116:Other
4088:かいがらじま
4056:Odoke
3930:あきゆりとう
3844:はるかるとう
3630:Other
3625:2,440
3587:しこたんとう
3567:7,800
3557:Polino
3549:Aliger
3545:Otrada
3524:くなしりとう
3495:Polino
3483:Aliger
3479:Otrada
3449:6,602
3410:えとろふとう
3397:Iturup
3370:Other
3340:うるっぷとう
3291:知理保以南島
3253:ちりほいとう
3210:ぶろとんとう
3166:しむしるとう
3147:6,606
3086:Ketoi
3069:Кетой
3034:うししるとう
2951:らしょわとう
2899:Матуа
2866:らいこけとう
2696:えかるまとう
2683:Ekarma
2544:Авось
2524:Zakat
2510:まかんるとう
2466:しりんきとう
2447:2,540
2374:あらいどとう
2322:Шумшу
2312:2,560
2254:names
2046:Iturup
1992:sulfur
1988:pyrite
1958:, and
1952:Nivkhs
1948:Tatars
1709:, and
1707:Iturup
1660:raions
1615:Soviet
1593:Shemya
1556:Alaska
1473:Iturup
1234:ravens
1200:Arctic
1146:waders
1098:murres
987:Marine
935:denude
897:spruce
893:tundra
768:kurit′
641:Iturup
523::
401:Nemuro
371:
319:Russia
316:
277:Length
168:
153:
98:
91:
84:
77:
69:
6181:Umara
6166:Telan
6031:Matua
6001:Konus
5986:Ketoy
5513:Ketoi
5468:Ebeko
5463:Demon
5418:Alaid
5347:Matua
5322:Ketoy
4447:S2CID
4053:オドケ島
3895:Yuri
3878:Юрий
3801:しぼつとう
3761:かいばとう
3718:たらくとう
3331:Уруп
3248:知理保以島
3078:けといとう
3065:Ketoy
2994:すりでいわ
2908:まつわとう
2895:Matua
2776:捨子古丹島
2734:知林古丹島
2647:春牟古丹島
2634:春牟古丹島
2590:温禰古丹島
2553:ほかけいわ
2540:Avos'
2270:Area
2206:Ebeko
1960:Ainus
1956:Oroch
1577:Japan
1530:P-38s
1522:B-24s
1511:B-25s
1471:Bay,
1404:, of
1331:正保国絵図
1242:wrens
1203:foxes
1118:gulls
1017:squid
964:haiku
927:guano
901:larch
745:クリル列島
717:Kanji
711:. In
669:Kuril
602:Japan
564:クリル列島
374:Japan
297:Alaid
103:JSTOR
89:books
6186:Urup
5956:Iony
5402:Urup
5287:Awos
5136:ISBN
5115:ISBN
5094:ISBN
5041:2023
5015:2023
4989:2023
4946:2014
4921:s.v.
4903:2017
4844:2021
4826:ISBN
4799:ISBN
4770:ISBN
4745:ISBN
4717:ISBN
4668:ISBN
4601:2021
4583:ISBN
4558:2021
4540:ISBN
4502:ISBN
4481:2021
4410:2023
4355:2014
4325:2018
4252:2017
4012:萌茂尻島
3925:秋勇留島
3887:ゆりとう
3874:Yuri
3666:歯舞群島
3327:Urup
3205:武魯頓島
3073:計吐夷島
3029:宇志知島
2946:羅処和島
2861:雷公計島
2819:牟知列岩
2691:越渇磨島
2505:磨勘留島
2461:志林規島
2369:阿頼度島
2274:Pop.
2248:Name
2239:Name
2053:and
1999:ores
1591:and
1482:and
1393:, a
1383:Urup
1345:and
1291:The
1286:Ainu
1244:and
1223:deer
1198:and
1187:and
1167:The
1144:and
1120:and
1059:and
1024:Fish
1005:kelp
918:and
899:and
820:and
722:千島列島
707:for
703:and
699:for
697:Kuye
693:Kuyi
677:Ainu
643:and
579:千島列島
543:IPA:
452:The
440:and
269:Area
165:千島列島
75:news
6191:Ush
5225:at
5185:at
4437:doi
4265:GSE
4083:貝殻島
3998:23
3968:水晶島
3882:勇留島
3839:春苅島
3796:志発島
3756:海馬島
3713:多楽島
3699:28
3582:色丹島
3519:国後島
3405:択捉島
3335:得撫島
3161:新知島
2989:摺手岩
2903:松輪島
2548:帆掛岩
2412:幌筵島
2355:20
2326:占守島
2055:Buk
2051:Tor
1903:).
1196:red
1169:WWF
879:of
873:Dfb
867:is
861:Dfc
705:Kai
695:or
685:kur
604:to
600:in
569:or
482:ʊər
456:or
58:by
6238::
5062:.
5058:.
5031:.
5005:.
4980:.
4936:.
4919:,
4868:.
4864:.
4846:.
4834:.
4731:^
4603:.
4591:.
4560:.
4548:.
4510:.
4467:.
4445:.
4431:.
4427:.
4396:.
4371:.
4345:.
4333:^
4311:.
4238:.
4138:0
4111:0
4069:0
4040:0
3954:0
3911:0
3868:0
3825:3
3782:0
3742:2
3652:0
3613:,
3551:,
3493:,
3489:,
3485:,
3437:,
3433:,
3391:0
3365:0
3321:0
3277:0
3234:0
3191:0
3135:,
3131:,
3102:0
3059:0
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2975:0
2932:0
2889:0
2847:0
2805:0
2762:0
2720:0
2677:0
2620:0
2576:0
2534:0
2491:0
2398:0
2246::
2237::
2108:,
2104:,
2100:,
2096:,
2065:,
2057:,
2028:.
2009:.
1990:,
1962:.
1954:,
1950:,
1946:,
1942:,
1938:,
1872:,
1837:,
1802:,
1767:,
1732:,
1705:,
1666::
1490:8
1359:c.
1236:,
1217:.
1191:.
1148:.
1140:,
1116:,
1112:,
1108:,
1104:,
1100:,
1096:,
1092:,
1031:,
978:.
966:,
914:,
742::
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683::
554::
550:;
541:,
529:,
519:;
509:iː
351:,
347:,
264:56
5833:e
5826:t
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4879:.
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4753:.
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4676:.
4521:.
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4091:）
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