40:
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102:
The central
Victoria area has been inhabited for an estimated 42,000 years before European settlement. At the time of British settlement in the 1830s, the collective populations of the Woiwurrung, Boonwurrung and Wadawurrung tribes of the Kulin nation was estimated to be under 20,000. The Kulin lived
197:– freedom of the bush – was performed. This was intended to allow for safe passage and temporary access and use of land and resources by foreign people. It was a diplomatic rite involving the landholder's hospitality and a ritual exchange of gifts.
124:
Due to the upheaval and disturbances from
British settlement from the 1830s on, there is limited physical evidence of the Kulin peoples' collective past. However, there is a small number of registered
270:
268:
1277:
614:
233:
Presland describes in some detail the archaeological evidence regarding aboriginal life, culture, food gathering and land management, particularly the period from the flooding of
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1228:
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17:
998:
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and Port
Phillip from about 7–10,000 years ago, up to the European colonisation in the 19th century. (
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855:
117:, and made a sustainable living from the rich food sources of Port Phillip and the surrounding
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When foreign people passed through or were invited onto tribal lands, the ceremony of
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Wauthaurong Too Bloody Strong: Stories and life journeys of people from
Wauthaurong
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64:
458:
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170:
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27:
This article is about the
Australian Aboriginal nation. For other uses, see
1148:
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638:
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434:
378:
60:
1085:
939:
897:
883:
841:
820:
764:
757:
722:
680:
652:
234:
178:
149:
1278:
Wotjobaluk, Jaadwa, Jadawadjali, Wergaia and
Jupagulk Peoples v Victoria
592:
1358:
1337:
959:
925:
911:
890:
876:
834:
827:
182:
163:
156:
142:
109:
83:. These languages are spoken by two groups: the eastern Kulin group of
862:
729:
687:
360:
The
Melbourne Dreaming. A Guide to the Aboriginal Places of Melbourne
194:
129:
118:
813:
778:
771:
743:
645:
439:
384:
Walks in Port
Phillip. A guide to the cultural landscapes of a City
377:—— (2001). "The Footballer, First in the league (about
932:
904:
418:
104:
217:
212:"There is some evidence to show that people were living in the
540:. East Brunswick, Victoria: Merri Creek Management Committee.
792:
39:
1269:
Members of the Yorta Yorta
Aboriginal Community v Victoria
538:
People of the Merri Merri. The
Wurundjeri in Colonial Days
177:
At certain times of the year, these nations would meet at
471:
Aboriginal Melbourne: The Lost Land of the Kulin People
292:
1441:
304:
43:
Basic map of the five languages of the Kulin nation
316:
490:The First Residents of Melbourne's Western Region
1465:
253:
55:nations in the south of Australia - up into the
536:Ellender, Isabel; Christiansen, Peter (2001).
608:
67:valleys - which shares Culture and Language.
126:sites of cultural and spiritual significance
570:. Apollo Bay, Victoria: Pascoe Publishing.
615:
601:
492:. Forest Hill, Victoria: Harriland Press.
181:to settle disputes, to trade, and to hold
622:
169:Dja Dja Wurrung (Jar-Jar-Wur-rung) – the
95:; and the western language group of just
487:
465:
390:. City of Port Phillip. pp. 35–37.
376:
357:
310:
298:
274:
238:
221:
38:
411:
322:
14:
1474:Aboriginal peoples of Victoria (state)
1466:
1250:Laws concerning Indigenous Australians
1171:Victorian Aboriginal Heritage Register
433:
362:. Canberra: Aboriginal Studies Press.
286:
1207:Minister for Treaty and First Peoples
596:
412:Maunder, Patricia (11 January 2008).
338:
259:
473:(Second ed.). Harriland Press.
341:"Indigenous connections to the site"
967:Deen Maar Indigenous Protected Area
24:
516:
34:Indigenous Australian ethnic group
25:
1490:
162:Taungurung (Tung-ger-rung) – the
1451:
155:Wathaurong (Wath-er-rung) – the
141:Woiwurrung (Woy-wur-rung) – the
1079:Chiltern-Mt Pilot National Park
414:"Melbourne dreamtime a reality"
331:
1236:Aboriginal Protection Act 1869
1178:Victoria Archaeological Survey
1121:Mount William stone axe quarry
227:
206:
13:
1:
999:Registered Aboriginal Parties
1229:Aboriginal Heritage Act 2006
1114:Lake Bolac stone arrangement
1072:Carisbrook stone arrangement
247:
220:, about 40,000 years ago." (
188:
7:
10:
1495:
1331:Convincing Ground massacre
70:
26:
1375:
1292:
1259:
1223:
1216:
1191:
1158:
1052:
1043:
997:
949:
630:
216:valley, near present day
135:
1366:Murdering Gully massacre
1324:Campaspe Plains massacre
525:"The Loddon Aboriginals"
358:Eidelson, Meyer (1997).
200:
107:(also called yam daisy;
103:by fishing, cultivating
1352:Mudgegonga rock shelter
1093:Grampians National Park
488:—— (1997).
51:is an alliance of five
81:five related languages
44:
29:Kulin (disambiguation)
1381:By state or territory
624:Aboriginal Victorians
531:on 28 September 2007.
523:Darwin, Norm (1999).
115:hunting and gathering
85:Woiwurrung–Taungurung
42:
93:Ngurai-illam-wurrung
77:British colonisation
57:Great Dividing Range
1345:Gippsland massacres
1317:Blood Hole massacre
1192:State organisations
1135:Sunbury earth rings
407:on 30 October 2008.
79:, the tribes spoke
1394:Northern Territory
1128:New Guinea II cave
353:on 31 August 2007.
148:Boonwurrung – the
45:
1439:
1438:
1429:Western Australia
1288:
1287:
1200:Heritage Victoria
1187:
1186:
988:Lake Boga mission
450:978-1-4893-8039-5
214:Maribyrnong River
16:(Redirected from
1486:
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1431:
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1410:
1403:
1396:
1389:
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1310:Battle of Yering
1305:
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974:Ebenezer Mission
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856:Pallanganmiddang
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716:Djargurd Wurrong
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527:. Archived from
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430:
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408:
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400:. Archived from
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346:. Archived from
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173:or Djaara people
21:
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1408:South Australia
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1387:New South Wales
1385:
1380:
1371:
1364:
1357:
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1336:
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1315:
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1303:Batman's Treaty
1301:
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517:Further reading
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301:, pp. 8–9.
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1243:Half-Caste Act
1239:
1232:
1224:
1218:
1214:
1213:
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1210:
1203:
1195:
1193:
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1188:
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1184:
1182:
1181:
1174:
1166:
1164:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1152:
1145:
1142:Tarragal Caves
1138:
1131:
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1117:
1110:
1103:
1096:
1089:
1082:
1075:
1068:
1061:
1053:
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1038:
1037:
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1023:
1016:
1013:Barengi Gadjin
1008:
1006:
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831:
824:
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796:
789:
786:Krauatungalang
782:
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719:
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705:
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684:
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498:
485:
479:
467:Presland, Gary
463:
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431:
409:
396:
374:
368:
355:
339:Anon. (n.d.).
335:
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65:Goulburn River
33:
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1046:
1042:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1004:Land councils
1000:
996:
989:
985:
982:
978:
975:
971:
968:
964:
961:
957:
956:
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952:
948:
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829:
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822:
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815:
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797:
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790:
787:
783:
780:
776:
773:
769:
766:
762:
759:
755:
752:
748:
745:
741:
738:
737:Girai wurrung
734:
731:
727:
724:
720:
717:
713:
710:
709:Djadjawurrung
706:
703:
699:
696:
692:
689:
685:
682:
678:
675:
671:
668:
664:
661:
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629:
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618:
613:
611:
606:
604:
599:
598:
595:
587:
583:
579:
573:
569:
565:
564:Pascoe, Bruce
561:
557:
553:
549:
547:0-9577728-0-7
543:
539:
534:
530:
526:
521:
520:
509:
505:
501:
499:0-646-33150-7
495:
491:
486:
482:
480:0-9577004-2-3
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
446:
442:
441:
436:
435:Pascoe, Bruce
432:
421:
420:
415:
410:
403:
399:
397:0-646-41199-3
393:
386:
385:
380:
375:
371:
369:0-85575-306-4
365:
361:
356:
349:
342:
337:
336:
324:
319:
312:
311:Eidelson 2001
307:
300:
299:Eidelson 1997
295:
288:
283:
276:
275:Presland 1994
271:
269:
261:
256:
252:
240:
239:Presland 1994
236:
230:
223:
222:Presland 1997
219:
215:
209:
205:
198:
196:
186:
184:
180:
172:
171:Djadjawurrung
168:
165:
161:
158:
154:
151:
147:
144:
140:
139:
133:
131:
127:
122:
120:
116:
113:) as well as
112:
111:
106:
100:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
68:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
41:
37:
30:
19:
1479:Kulin nation
1276:
1267:
1159:
1149:Wurdi Youang
799:
702:Djab Wurrung
660:Braiakaulung
639:Barababaraba
567:
537:
529:the original
489:
470:
438:
423:. Retrieved
417:
402:the original
383:
379:James Wandin
359:
348:the original
332:Bibliography
323:Maunder 2008
318:
306:
294:
282:
255:
229:
208:
192:
176:
123:
108:
101:
74:
49:Kulin nation
48:
46:
36:
18:Kulin people
1217:Legislation
1086:Cloggs Cave
981:Framlingham
951:Communities
940:Yorta Yorta
898:Wemba-Wemba
884:Wadawurrung
870:Tatungalung
842:Ngooraialum
821:Ladji Ladji
765:Jardwadjali
758:Gunditjmara
751:Gunaikurnai
723:Djilamatang
681:Boonwurrung
667:Brataualung
653:Brabiralung
577:094708731-1
289:, p. .
287:Pascoe 2017
277:, p. .
241:, p. )
235:Bass Strait
183:corroborees
179:Yarra Falls
150:Boonwurrung
97:Wadawurrung
89:Boonwurrung
1468:Categories
1401:Queensland
1359:Munangabum
1338:Coranderrk
1065:Box Gulley
1034:Wurundjeri
1027:Wathaurung
960:Coranderrk
926:Wurundjeri
919:Wotjobaluk
912:Woiwurrung
891:Warkawarka
877:Taungurung
835:Minyambuta
828:Mardidjali
674:Bungandidj
459:1089338508
164:Taungurung
157:Wathaurong
143:Wurundjeri
119:grasslands
110:Microseris
53:Aboriginal
1458:Australia
1107:Kow Swamp
1058:Bend Road
863:Pangerang
849:Ngurelban
772:Jari Jari
730:Gadubanud
695:Dhudhuroa
688:Dadi Dadi
508:222368168
469:(1994) .
260:Anon. n.d
248:Citations
195:tanderrum
189:Diplomacy
130:Melbourne
1422:Victoria
1415:Tasmania
1161:See also
1020:Bunurong
814:Kwatkwat
779:Jupagalk
744:Gulidjan
646:Bidhawal
586:39078639
566:(1997).
556:52505206
440:Dark Emu
437:(2017).
425:24 April
59:and the
1294:History
933:Yalukit
905:Wergaia
631:Peoples
419:The Age
128:in the
105:murnong
75:Before
71:History
1444:Portal
1260:Cases:
1100:Keilor
807:Kurung
584:
574:
554:
544:
506:
496:
477:
457:
447:
394:
366:
218:Keilor
166:people
159:people
152:people
145:people
136:People
132:area.
61:Loddon
1045:Sites
800:Kulin
793:Koori
405:(PDF)
388:(PDF)
351:(PDF)
344:(PDF)
201:Notes
582:OCLC
572:ISBN
552:OCLC
542:ISBN
504:OCLC
494:ISBN
475:ISBN
455:OCLC
445:ISBN
427:2019
392:ISBN
381:)".
364:ISBN
91:and
63:and
47:The
1470::
580:.
550:.
502:.
453:.
443:.
416:.
267:^
224::)
185:.
121:.
99:.
87:,
1446::
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