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After the fall of the Berlin Wall, Kreuzberg suddenly found itself in the middle of the city again. The initially cheap rents and the high concentration of 19th-century housing made some parts of the borough more attractive as a residential area for a much wider (and richer) variety of people. Today,
619:
Far into the 20th century, Kreuzberg was the most populous of Berlin's boroughs even in absolute numbers, with more than 400,000 people, although it was and still is geographically the smallest. As a result, with more than 60,000 people per square kilometer (160,000 people/sq mi), Kreuzberg
473:. As of 2006, 31.6% of Kreuzberg's inhabitants does not have German citizenship. Kreuzberg is noted for its diverse cultural life and experimental alternative lifestyles, and is an attractive area for many; however, some parts of the district are still characterized by higher levels of unemployment.
607:
This changed when, in the 1860s, industrialization caused Berlin to grow rapidly. This called for extensive housing—much of which was built exploiting the dire needs of the poor, with widespread land speculation. Many of
Kreuzberg's buildings originate from that time. They were built on the streets
745:
After World War II, Kreuzberg's housing rents were regulated by law which made investments unattractive. As a result, housing was of low quality, but cheap, which made the borough greatly attractive to immigrants. Starting in the late 1960s, increasing numbers of students, artists, and immigrants
1569:
1709:
Brown, Timothy S. "'Keeping it Real' in a
Different 'Hood: (African-) Americanization and Hip-hop in Germany". In The Vinyl Ain't Final: Hip Hop and the Globalization of Black Popular Culture, ed. by Dipannita Basu and Sidney J. Lemelle, 137-50. London;
588:. Kreuzberg, literally meaning 'cross hill', is the point of the highest elevation in the Kreuzberg locality, which is 66 m (217 ft) above sea level. The hill is traditionally a place for weekend trips. It received its name from the 1821
623:
Kreuzberg became a district of migration during the late 19th century when Berlin began growing rapidly as an economic and cultural hub. Before World War II, it was home to a diverse population, with a large portion of the population being
1047:
make a reference to
Kreuzberg in the song "Kokopelli Face Tattoo" with the lyric "Kreuz is German for Williams." Vocalist Sean Bonnette claims this pokes fun at the young hipness of Kreuzberg, in that it is similar to a German version of
672:
In addition to housing, Kreuzberg was also an industrial center of Berlin. The "export quarter" along Ritter Street consisted of many profitable small businesses, and the "press quarter" along Koch Street
1518:
804:
movement as well as other alternative subcultures in
Germany. The SO36 club remains a fixture on the Berlin music scene. It was originally focused on punk music and in the 1970s was often frequented by
437:
840:, some identify more with (African-)American or other cultures. Hip hop was largely introduced to the youth of Kreuzberg by the children of American servicemen who were stationed nearby until the
873:, a large annual festival, celebrates different cultures and heritages with colourful street parades and festivities including street entertainment, food, arts and craft stalls, music, and art.
1083:
by
Michael Califra (Hadrian, 2015), the story's narrator, an American expatriate named Richard, lives in the Kreuzberg district of West Berlin in the months prior to the fall of the Wall.
1197:
604:. Except for its northernmost part—the quarter Friedrichstadt (established at the end of the 17th century)—today's Kreuzberg was a very rural place until well into the 19th century.
564:
In contrast to many other areas of Berlin, which were villages before their integration into Berlin, Kreuzberg has a rather short history. It was formed on 1 October 1920 by the
46:
1500:
1399:
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Kreuzberg has one of the youngest populations of all
European city boroughs; statistically, its population has been completely swapped twice in the last two decades.
788:
The two areas not being able to agree on a common location for the future borough's city hall, the present location in
Friedrichshain was decided by flipping a five-
738:
In July 1945, most of the then district was assigned to the
American Sector. After the Berlin Wall was built, the most important transit location to East Berlin was
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538:
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1367:(1893–1974), a decorated physician of World War I who was the father and father-in-law of the largest known group of Jews to survive hiding in Germany during
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944:
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929:, notes that "Kreuzberg is a kind of biotope where different nationalities live, but the environment determines their lives, not their nationalities".
568:, which provided for the incorporation of suburbs and the reorganisation of Berlin into twenty boroughs. The eastern Friedrichsvorstadt, the southern
636:, as were numerous Jewish businesses and property. The vast majority of Kreuzberg's Jews were deported to their deaths between 1942 and 1944 by the
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227:
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neighborhood, has a menu heavily influenced by the fusion of German and
Turkish cuisine and has a number of Kreuzberg-themed dishes and drinks.
1419:
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1853:
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1667:
1583:, Berlin: Haude & Spener, 1986, (=Berliner Kaleidoskop: Schriften zur Berliner Kunst- und Kulturgeschichte; vol. 32), p. 21.
1468:
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began moving to
Kreuzberg. Enclosed by the Berlin Wall on three sides, the area became famous for its alternative lifestyle and its
52:
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1302:
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contains a song titled "The King of Kreuzberg", wherein he sings about taking the train to Kreuzberg and "jump right into it".
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Kreuzberg's bohemian way of life is reflected in the song "Find the Time" by English singer/songwriter Sam Duckworth's band
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884:, established in the 1980s and dedicated to preserving, exhibiting, and discovering queer history, art, and culture.
696:, with the American bombing by over a thousand aircraft on 3 February 1945. In remembrance of the old tradition, the
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750:, especially the SO36 part of Kreuzberg. Starting in 1987, there have been violent riots in SO36 on Labour day.
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The borough is known for its large percentage of immigrants and descendants of immigrants, many of whom are of
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584:. On 27 September 1921, the borough assembly of Hallesches Tor decided to rename the borough after the
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Eva Brücker, Hasso Spode et al.: Kreuzberg (Geschichtslandschaft Berlin V), Berlin: Nicolai 1994
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42:
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Saarlandstraße (today's Stresemannstraße) looking towards "Askanischer Platz" with the ruin of
629:
2144:
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can be seen on Kreuzberg streets, commemorating the murdered Jews who lived in the area.
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mentions Kreuzberg in most of his songs, most notably in his 2007 single "Kreuzberg City".
8:
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2012:
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1644:, Regine Wosnitza "Berlin on its wild site" 13 April 2003, retrieved on 21 March 2008
1584:
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press company erected its German headquarters at Kochstraße again, right next to the
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Berlin-Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg – Prenzlauer Berg East (electoral constituency)
1352:
1257:
1024:
896:
761:
644:, and their houses and businesses were seized and given to ethnic Germans. The
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1107:, Elizabeth and Paige Jennings travel to Kreuzberg to meet Elizabeth's mother.
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within Berlin. Though the majority of Kreuzberg's residents are of German or
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1420:"Einwohnerinnen und Einwohner im Land Berlin am 31. Dezember 2023"
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expansion as Kreuzbasar, a small self-sufficient walled community in the
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and the tower stump of the "Protestant Saint Luke's Church", after the
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1977:
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mentions taking a "locomotive to Kreuzberg" in his song "Black Book".
801:
677:) was the home of most of Germany's large newspapers, as well as the
61:
by removing items or incorporating them into the text of the article.
2282:
1501:"Kreuzbergs Retter : Textarchiv : Berliner Zeitung Archiv"
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Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (Germany)
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culture on Kreuzberg's youth and the area has become a centre for
772:. Since the two areas are linked only by a single bridge over the
730:
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916:, had most of the music video filmed in Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg.
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715:
632:, with a capacity of 2,000. This synagogue was destroyed during
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2351:
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1377:(1913–1979), German comedian, radio and television personality.
1073:
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street running alongside it. Other characteristics are the old
458:
era, it was one of the poorest areas of West Berlin, but since
443:
284:
274:
100:
1668:"Berliner Punk-Zentrum SO36: Bier, Schweiß, Lärm und Freiheit"
580:
were merged into the new sixth borough of Berlin, first named
2336:
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2149:
2129:
2071:
1787:
Survival in the shadows: seven Jews hidden in Hitler's Berlin
1720:
The Saturday Profile; A Bold New View of Turkish-German Youth
637:
140:
Location of Kreuzberg in Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg and Berlin
1327:
1151:
877:
814:
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Both industrial quarters were almost entirely destroyed by
507:
1519:"Verband Berlin-Brandenburgischer Wohnungsunternehmen e.V"
820:
There has also been a significant influence stemming from
1020:
focuses on the lives of three young girls from Kreuzberg.
1861:
612:
in an area that came to be known architecturally as the
1656:
retrieved on 21 March 2008; see Brücker/Spode op.cit.
1096:-based restaurant, Supergeil, located in that city's
912:", an adaptation of a prior song of the same name by
1692:
1120:
Rio-Reiser-Platz (former Heinrichplatz) in Kreuzberg
494:
flows through Kreuzberg from east to west, with the
1790:. New York: Open Road Integrated Media. p. 9.
1111:
817:as one of the finest new-wave venues in the world.
2647:
880:life and arts in Berlin. Kreuzberg is home to the
786:this combination seemed awkward to many residents.
590:Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars
1599:
1597:
958:"Kreuzberg" is a song by English indie rock band
800:Kreuzberg has historically been home to Berlin's
2827:
1040:have a song on their first album titled "SO 36".
887:
405:10961, 10963, 10965, 10967, 10997, 10999, 10969
1594:
1103:In the third season's finale of the TV series
1090:mentions Kreuzberg as a "ghetto" in his songs.
813:. In those days, the club rivalled New York's
620:had the highest population density in Berlin.
2633:
1847:
1573:
777:
1136:Bridges over the Landwehrkanal in Kreuzberg
1128:Waterside of the Landwehrkanal in Kreuzberg
628:. Central to Kreuzberg Jewish life was the
2640:
2626:
1854:
1840:
1665:
1783:
1288:National Monument for the Liberation Wars
876:Kreuzberg has long been the epicenter of
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1139:
1131:
1123:
1115:
891:
729:
714:
706:
656:
1666:Sontheimer, Michael (8 December 2016).
955:, are set in the district of Kreuzberg.
2828:
1817:, the website of the combined borough
1298:Oberbaumbrücke (bridge over the Spree)
1086:Kreuzberg based Turkish-German rapper
995:Kreuzberg-based Turkish-German rapper
2621:
1835:
1191:, one of the first fatalities of the
429:
1863:Boroughs and neighborhoods of Berlin
1424:Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg
1303:Platz der Luftbrücke (Berlin U-Bahn)
1208:German Museum of Technology (Berlin)
25:
758:Berlin's 2001 administrative reform
530:Kreuzberg is divided into 2 zones (
13:
2841:Entertainment districts in Germany
1437:Wosnitza, Regine (13 April 2003).
486:Kreuzberg is bounded by the river
327:10.4 km (4.0 sq mi)
14:
2862:
1808:
466:and is known for its arts scene.
199:
167:
2735:
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2317:
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2159:
2115:
2066:
2022:
1953:
1924:
1870:
1318:Schlesisches Tor (Berlin U-Bahn)
1112:Places and buildings of interest
600:, built in commemoration of the
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198:
191:
166:
159:
143:
123:
108:
30:
1777:
1755:
1730:
1713:
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1659:
1647:
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1323:Schönleinstraße (Berlin U-Bahn)
989:Searching for the Hows and Whys
866:are from the Kreuzberg area.
1562:
1537:
1511:
1493:
1479:
1461:
1430:
1412:
1383:(born 1962), German journalist
1308:Prinzenstrasse (Berlin U-Bahn)
1248:Kottbusser Tor (Berlin U-Bahn)
648:stands in Kreuzberg, and many
525:
1:
1521:. Web1.bbu.de. Archived from
1405:
1253:Kreuzberg (Tempelhofer Berge)
694:air raids during World War II
667:air raids during World War II
446:, Germany. It is part of the
356:15,000/km (38,000/sq mi)
1632:, retrieved on 21 March 2008
1343:U1 (Berlin Underground line)
1313:Saint Thomas Church (Berlin)
1223:Hermannplatz (Berlin U-Bahn)
1213:Gleisdreieck (Berlin U-Bahn)
888:Kreuzberg in popular culture
502:line of the present-day U1,
476:
462:in 1990, it has become more
80:Quarter of Berlin in Germany
7:
1815:friedrichshain-kreuzberg.de
1784:Lovenheim, Barbara (2016).
1393:
1283:Moritzplatz (Berlin U-Bahn)
1273:Mehringdamm (Berlin U-Bahn)
1243:Kochstrasse (Berlin U-Bahn)
1218:Görlitzer Bahnhof (station)
572:, the western and southern
16:District of Berlin, Germany
10:
2867:
1876:Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf
1613:retrieved on 21 March 2008
1545:"Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg"
1164:Anhalter Bahnhof (station)
1002:The acclaimed documentary
968:, which also mentions the
914:Lilly Wood & the Prick
795:
711:Oranienplatz on Labour Day
559:
21:Kreuzberg (disambiguation)
18:
2846:Former boroughs of Berlin
2744:
2733:
2660:
2582:
2488:
2439:
2380:
2316:
2242:
2224:Stadtrandsiedlung Malchow
2158:
2114:
2065:
2021:
1952:
1923:
1869:
1738:"Biography / Berlin Kidz"
1581:Spaziergänge in Kreuzberg
1439:"Berlin on its wild site"
1389:(born 1972), German actor
1358:
1179:Checkpoint Charlie Museum
1147:station Görlitzer Bahnhof
919:Turkish-German filmmaker
908:'s musical composition, "
778:
481:
450:borough located south of
410:
398:
377:
360:
352:
344:
339:
331:
323:
318:
308:
300:
295:Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg
290:
280:
268:
258:
223:
153:
137:
119:
107:
94:
85:
2836:Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg
1930:Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg
984:Get Cape. Wear Cape. Fly
848:who are known for their
842:reunification of Germany
770:Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg
760:combined Kreuzberg with
448:Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg
1763:"Karneval der Kulturen"
1609:2 November 2005 at the
1487:"Berlin's culture club"
1043:Phoenix folk-punk band
1036:English post-punk band
904:German musician and DJ
594:Karl Friedrich Schinkel
335:52 m (171 ft)
1189:Peter Fechter Memorial
1159:
1148:
1137:
1129:
1121:
1050:Williamsburg, Brooklyn
900:
735:
727:
712:
669:
630:Fraenkelufer Synagogue
1154:
1143:
1135:
1127:
1119:
1055:Kreuzberg appears in
965:A Weekend in the City
895:
844:. The art collective
734:A street in Kreuzberg
733:
718:
710:
660:
431:[ˈkʁɔʏtsbɛʁk]
427:German pronunciation:
379: • Summer (
243:52.48750°N 13.38333°E
2851:Localities of Berlin
2446:Tempelhof-Schöneberg
2189:Französisch Buchholz
2003:Neu-Hohenschönhausen
1968:Alt-Hohenschönhausen
1824:Carnival of Cultures
1765:. Karneval-berlin.de
1628:3 April 2008 at the
1579:Klaus-Dieter Wille,
1489:. CNN. 30 June 2007.
1338:Topography of Terror
1293:Niederkirchnerstraße
1238:Jewish Museum Berlin
1045:Andrew Jackson Jihad
871:Carnival of Cultures
646:Jewish Museum Berlin
578:Tempelhofer Vorstadt
549:Westliches Kreuzberg
460:German reunification
412:Vehicle registration
353: • Density
19:For other uses, see
2387:Steglitz-Zehlendorf
2028:Marzahn-Hellersdorf
1890:Charlottenburg-Nord
1525:on 10 February 2012
1475:on 6 February 2008.
1155:Wrangelstraße with
942:, and third novel,
539:Östliches Kreuzberg
442:) is a district of
239: /
182:Show map of Germany
2602:Greater Berlin Act
2332:Falkenhagener Feld
2288:Märkisches Viertel
1549:www.visitberlin.de
1449:on 23 October 2012
1268:Martin-Gropius-Bau
1174:Checkpoint Charlie
1160:
1149:
1138:
1130:
1122:
1023:Canadian musician
1007:(Prinzessinnenbad)
1005:Pool of Princesses
975:American musician
901:
740:Checkpoint Charlie
736:
728:
713:
670:
566:Greater Berlin Act
345: • Total
324: • Total
248:52.48750; 13.38333
214:Show map of Berlin
59:clean up the lists
2823:
2822:
2615:
2614:
2554:Niederschöneweide
2204:Niederschönhausen
1797:978-1-5040-3998-7
1375:Peter Frankenfeld
1263:Luisenstadt Canal
1058:Shadowrun Returns
1030:Transistor Sister
970:East Side Gallery
945:Der Kleine Bruder
689:book publishers.
490:in the east. The
420:
419:
76:
75:
2858:
2791:
2773:
2769:Hohenschönhausen
2765:
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2495:Treptow-Köpenick
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1742:urban-nation.com
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1560:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1503:. Archived from
1497:
1491:
1490:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1471:. Archived from
1465:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1445:. Archived from
1434:
1428:
1427:
1426:. February 2024.
1416:
1233:Jerusalem Church
1063:
1019:
953:
936:'s first novel,
932:German musician
822:African-American
787:
783:
782:
764:to form the new
608:laid out in the
514:on the slope of
496:Paul-Lincke-Ufer
471:Turkish ancestry
441:
440:
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428:
384:
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170:
169:
163:
147:
127:
112:
89:
83:
82:
71:
68:
62:
34:
33:
26:
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39:This article
37:
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2676:
2539:Johannisthal
2514:Altglienicke
2406:Lichterfelde
2372:Wilhelmstadt
2357:Siemensstadt
2179:Blankenfelde
2140:Gropiusstadt
2086:Hansaviertel
1943:
1827:(in English)
1786:
1779:
1767:. Retrieved
1757:
1745:. Retrieved
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1675:. Retrieved
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1552:. Retrieved
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1527:. Retrieved
1523:the original
1513:
1505:the original
1495:
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1473:the original
1463:
1451:. Retrieved
1447:the original
1442:
1432:
1414:
1365:Arthur Arndt
1348:Viktoriapark
1333:Tabor Church
1328:SO36 quarter
1278:Mehringplatz
1169:Böckler Park
1157:Tabor Church
1080:
1065:
1056:
1038:Killing Joke
1028:
1003:
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939:Berlin Blues
937:
934:Sven Regener
924:
906:Robin Schulz
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512:Viktoriapark
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400:Postal codes
309:Subdivisions
129:Coat of arms
114:Aerial photo
77:
64:
57:Please help
41:may contain
40:
2782:Lichtenberg
2761:Hellersdorf
2749:(1920–2000)
2722:Wilmersdorf
2665:(1920–2000)
2655:(1920–2000)
2574:Schmöckwitz
2564:Plänterwald
2509:Alt-Treptow
2470:Marienfelde
2460:Lichtenrade
2278:Konradshöhe
2268:Heiligensee
2258:Borsigwalde
2234:Wilhelmsruh
2194:Heinersdorf
2174:Blankenburg
2042:Hellersdorf
2008:Rummelsburg
1993:Lichtenberg
1959:Lichtenberg
1915:Wilmersdorf
1819:(in German)
1677:27 November
1554:27 November
1469:"Kreuzberg"
1193:Berlin Wall
1184:Engelbecken
1014: [
997:Killa Hakan
948: [
910:Prayer in C
854:influenced
846:Berlin Kidz
811:David Bowie
776:River, the
702:Berlin Wall
596:within the
574:Luisenstadt
526:Subdivision
246: /
49:information
2830:Categories
2727:Zehlendorf
2712:Tiergarten
2692:Schöneberg
2592:Localities
2549:Müggelheim
2475:Schöneberg
2465:Mariendorf
2431:Zehlendorf
2411:Nikolassee
2347:Haselhorst
2342:Hakenfelde
2101:Tiergarten
2013:Wartenberg
1988:Karlshorst
1973:Falkenberg
1769:20 January
1747:22 January
1654:Spiegel.de
1529:20 January
1406:References
1066:Dragonfall
960:Bloc Party
921:Neco Celik
834:breakdance
576:, and the
464:gentrified
340:Population
234:13°23′00″E
231:52°29′15″N
207:Kreuzberg
175:Kreuzberg
88:Kreuzberg
43:unverified
2815:Weißensee
2707:Tempelhof
2677:Kreuzberg
2587:Districts
2569:Rahnsdorf
2524:Bohnsdorf
2504:Adlershof
2480:Tempelhof
2455:Friedenau
2273:Hermsdorf
2229:Weißensee
2219:Rosenthal
2052:Mahlsdorf
2047:Kaulsdorf
1978:Fennpfuhl
1944:Kreuzberg
1895:Grunewald
802:punk rock
748:squatters
532:Ortslagen
477:Geography
423:Kreuzberg
388:UTC+02:00
367:UTC+01:00
362:Time zone
332:Elevation
2777:Köpenick
2702:Steglitz
2682:Neukölln
2649:Boroughs
2544:Köpenick
2421:Steglitz
2401:Lankwitz
2308:Wittenau
2145:Neukölln
2121:Neukölln
2037:Biesdorf
1900:Halensee
1642:Time.com
1626:Archived
1607:Archived
1453:21 March
1394:See also
1098:Corktown
1070:anarchic
899:at night
856:graffiti
851:pichação
807:Iggy Pop
726:station)
679:Ullstein
456:Cold War
67:May 2020
2810:Treptow
2787:Marzahn
2717:Wedding
2697:Spandau
2426:Wannsee
2367:Staaken
2362:Spandau
2323:Spandau
2263:Frohnau
2106:Wedding
2057:Marzahn
1998:Malchow
1910:Westend
1094:Detroit
1088:Massaka
860:parkour
826:hip hop
796:Culture
766:borough
640:during
560:History
506:in the
348:152,216
313:2 zones
301:Founded
291:Borough
285:Berlin
263:Germany
259:Country
101:Berlin
97:Quarter
2800:Pankow
2790:(1979)
2772:(1985)
2764:(1986)
2653:Berlin
2534:Grünau
2396:Dahlem
2352:Kladow
2283:Lübars
2209:Pankow
2165:Pankow
2135:Buckow
2096:Moabit
1794:
1693:"Home"
1587:
1359:People
1074:Berlin
926:Alltag
862:, and
792:coin.
685:, and
683:Scherl
500:U-Bahn
482:Layout
444:Berlin
275:Berlin
2795:Mitte
2597:Zones
2337:Gatow
2298:Tegel
2199:Karow
2150:Rudow
2130:Britz
2091:Mitte
2072:Mitte
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1018:]
952:]
878:LGBTQ
774:Spree
687:Mosse
638:Nazis
520:SW 61
488:Spree
452:Mitte
270:State
2251:(12)
2184:Buch
2030:(10)
1961:(11)
1792:ISBN
1771:2012
1749:2024
1697:SO36
1679:2019
1585:ISBN
1556:2019
1531:2012
1455:2008
1443:Time
869:The
832:and
824:and
815:CBGB
809:and
790:Mark
508:SO36
392:CEST
319:Area
304:1920
281:City
2651:of
2497:(9)
2448:(7)
2389:(6)
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1932:(2)
1878:(4)
1009:by
830:rap
768:of
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592:by
534:):
518:in
381:DST
371:CET
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