1300:
149:
2337:
3162:
2352:
3182:
1312:
3172:
1597:
evolved into more of a mainstream political organization, and publicly attacked liberal and leftist thought. Although it never had more than several dozen members at any one time during this period, the close ties of its membership to leading members of the government, military and powerful business
1408:
463:
1598:
leaders gave it a power and influence far greater than most other ultranationalist groups. In 1924, retired naval captain Yutaro Yano and his associates within the Black Dragon
Society invited
1578:. Akashi, who was not directly a member of the Black Dragons, ran successful operations in China, Manchuria, Siberia and established contacts throughout the Muslim world. These contacts in
1680:) with the aim to "succeed to the spirit of the Black Dragon Society and promote the restoration." According to Victoria, the Kokuryū-Kurabu never attracted more than 150 members.
1793:
and were likewise presented as an example of "alleged
Japanese American perfidy". Another fictionalized version of the Black Dragon Society is featured in the CBS television series
655:
1775:
starting with issue 21, first published by
Fawcett Comics on December 10, 1941. Initially displayed as an external threat, the Black Dragon Society was given elements of a
2953:
2046:
3105:
3216:
1342:
1119:
3226:
3231:
2905:
950:
2888:
1500:
was sent to China as a special member of the organization. It also pressured
Japanese politicians to adopt a strong foreign policy. The
2002:
3241:
3075:
1484:) and operated an espionage training school, from which it dispatched agents to gather intelligence on Russian activities in Russia,
3251:
3206:
2791:
1473:. However, as time passed, it found the use of criminal activities to be a convenient means to an end for many of its operations.
3271:
2811:
2409:
3147:
2356:
1661:
3246:
2164:
1724:
2295:
3211:
1835:
875:
2379:
2082:
2560:
2129:"Masks, muscles and monkeys: Feindbilder von Deutschen und Japanern in den Fawcett-Comics während des Zweiten Weltkriegs"
1335:
1763:
Internment Camp, a small group of pro-Imperial
Japanese flew Black Dragon flags and intimidated other Japanese inmates.
3256:
3236:
2330:
2274:
2252:
2226:
1960:
1894:
1779:
after the attack on Pearl Harbor, which reflected the fear of subversion of
American society by Japanese-Americans. In
2353:"The Kokuryûkai (Black Dragon Society) and the Rise of Nationalism, Pan-Asianism, and Militarism in Japan, 1901-1925."
2992:
2975:
2437:
2111:
1712:
1469:. As a result, its membership included Cabinet Ministers and high-ranking military officers as well as professional
3185:
2941:
2910:
2806:
1771:
A fictionalized version of the Black Dragon
Society "featured in much of American popular culture". It appeared in
843:
2893:
2030:
1181:
1050:
818:
3065:
2922:
2302:
2291:
2204:
2052:
1886:
1328:
1186:
890:
130:
2078:
823:
742:
220:
31:
2316:
2284:
3221:
3135:
2997:
2987:
2980:
2784:
1103:
2244:
2218:
1986:
1976:
3012:
2828:
2402:
828:
813:
192:
2263:
Japanism, Pan-Asianism and
Terrorism: A Short History of the Amur Society (The Black Dragons), 1901-1945
2194:
2068:
1037:
3266:
2769:
1827:
1795:
1790:
1689:
1465:
initially made strenuous efforts to distance itself from the criminal elements of its predecessor, the
1108:
625:
17:
3085:
2929:
2103:
1524:
895:
675:
665:
203:
2702:
2312:
2280:
1876:
1734:
1392:
341:
336:
255:
215:
208:
180:
107:
Ethiopia, Turkey, Morocco, throughout
Southeast Asia, South America, Europe, and the United States.
3175:
3095:
2900:
2840:
2818:
2545:
2258:
2232:
2210:
1910:
1124:
885:
419:
3060:
2963:
2883:
2712:
2653:
2555:
2452:
2395:
2345:
1699:
As part of their effort to support such organizations, the Black Dragon
Society sent an agent,
1532:
1233:
443:
225:
198:
3261:
3115:
3007:
3002:
2917:
2878:
2685:
2680:
1880:
1696:
black nationalist organizations) claimed they were affiliated with the Black Dragon Society.
1560:
1528:
1146:
1113:
905:
319:
138:
3070:
2936:
2580:
2517:
2487:
2472:
2457:
237:
186:
1914:
1158:
747:
8:
3090:
2845:
2724:
2477:
2048:
Confinement and Ethnicity: An Overview of World War II Japanese American Relocation Sites
1625:
expanded its activities around the world, and stationed agents in such diverse places as
1448:
1304:
1077:
880:
838:
424:
414:
351:
168:
2381:
The "Black-Dragon" Statement of Japanese Policy in China as a Result of the European War
767:
3120:
3100:
2759:
2690:
2658:
2625:
2615:
2497:
2064:
1812:
1749:
1737:, who led the Peace Movement of Ethiopia, claimed to be personally affiliated with the
1728:
1700:
1520:
1257:
853:
848:
453:
2215:
Die Thule-Gesellschaft und die Kokuryûkai: Geheimgesellschaften im global-historischen
870:
722:
566:
2779:
2744:
2734:
2695:
2635:
2585:
2507:
2492:
2462:
2326:
2298:
2270:
2248:
2222:
2200:
2160:
2107:
1956:
1890:
1693:
1603:
1252:
833:
772:
757:
737:
561:
526:
506:
458:
1707:
and claim that Japan would treat them as racial equals. He would become a patron of
1430:
717:
2873:
2850:
2833:
2823:
2801:
2764:
2754:
2739:
2729:
2648:
2643:
2620:
2610:
2361:
2190:
1922:
1513:
1444:
1271:
645:
591:
531:
521:
516:
324:
173:
2128:
1915:"Secret Societies in Japan and Preparation for the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)"
1426:
1411:
3165:
3130:
3022:
2855:
2774:
2749:
2717:
2707:
2675:
2670:
2565:
2522:
2512:
2502:
2467:
2447:
2432:
2266:
2154:
2034:
1785:
1720:
1716:
1615:
1575:
1563:
campaign in conjunction with the Japanese military, spreading disinformation and
1277:
1084:
1044:
900:
635:
596:
586:
576:
571:
541:
511:
496:
486:
366:
1435:
782:
46:
3142:
2796:
2665:
1845:
1822:
1708:
1665:
1638:
1455:
1056:
944:
762:
727:
546:
429:
2365:
1567:
throughout the region. They also acted as interpreters for the Japanese army.
1227:
551:
3200:
2958:
2605:
2570:
2482:
2442:
2308:
1850:
1650:
1642:
1551:. They organized Manchurian guerrillas against the Russians from the Chinese
1548:
1070:
910:
707:
536:
501:
491:
356:
74:
1003:
3125:
2970:
2322:
2074:
1927:
1856:
1817:
1776:
1704:
1583:
1579:
1556:
1505:
1423:
1388:
1316:
1264:
956:
752:
732:
712:
376:
309:
260:
230:
3050:
3017:
2595:
2575:
1673:
1509:
1246:
1191:
1163:
1152:
1140:
787:
404:
381:
304:
297:
292:
148:
1363:
989:
858:
2946:
2600:
2590:
2527:
1982:
1753:
1564:
1440:
1133:
996:
970:
915:
777:
697:
581:
361:
277:
163:
2100:
All New, All Different? - A History of Race and the American Superhero
2027:
1586:. The Black Dragons also formed close contact and even alliances with
1555:
and bandit chieftains in the region, the most important being Marshal
481:
3110:
3045:
2550:
2241:
Secret Societies: Comparative Studies in Culture, Society and History
2070:
Only What We Could Carry: The Japanese American Internment Experience
1952:
1840:
1540:
1497:
1485:
1470:
1367:
1017:
1010:
963:
792:
448:
409:
386:
265:
2003:"Chinese Triads, Japanese Black Dragons & Hidden Paths of Power"
3080:
1780:
1760:
1626:
1607:
1587:
1544:
1283:
1239:
702:
615:
556:
118:
94:
437:
3040:
2120:
1634:
1552:
1218:
1063:
346:
330:
314:
287:
271:
1454:
in Japanese. Its public goal was to support efforts to keep the
1407:
2418:
1978:
African American Views of the Japanese: Solidarity or Sedition?
1800:
1646:
1630:
1611:
1599:
1204:
1197:
937:
371:
3055:
2159:. Routledge Contemporary Japan Series. Taylor & Francis.
1493:
1489:
1396:
84:
1748:
agents arrested members of the Black Dragon Society in the
1211:
282:
1621:
Initially directed only against Russia, in the 1930s, the
1443:, which is called Heilongjiang or "Black Dragon River" in
2387:
1745:
1672:, the Black Dragon Society was reconstituted in 1961 by
1508:, and lent financial support to revolutionaries such as
2340:
In: Saaler, Sven, and Christopher W. A. Szpilman, eds.
1789:
from 1942 the Society functioned as an opponent of the
1610:. Onisaburo led a group of Oomoto disciples, including
2342:
Pan-Asianism: A Documentary History, Vol. 1: 1859-1920
2237:
Geheimgesellschaften: Kulturhistorische Sozialstudien
2196:
Kempei Tai: A History of the Japanese Secret Service
1683:
1439:. Its name is derived from the translation of the
3106:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States
1971:
1969:
3198:
2098:Austin, Allen W.; Hamilton, Patrick L. (2019).
1374:
2146:
2097:
1966:
1458:north of the Amur River and out of East Asia.
1361:
2403:
1336:
2156:Japan-Bashing: Anti-Japanism since the 1980s
2133:Closure: Kieler e-Journal für Comicforschung
1559:. The Black Dragons waged a very successful
951:Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform
27:Ultranationalist paramilitary group in Japan
1996:
1994:
1799:, where they are a ninja clan operating in
2410:
2396:
2000:
1343:
1329:
3076:Interminority racism in the United States
2338:"The Kokuryûkai, 1901-1920" (Chapter 10).
1926:
1660:was officially disbanded by order of the
2199:. New York: Berkley Publishing Company.
1991:
1406:
2318:Spy Book: The Encyclopedia of Espionage
1688:The Ethiopian Pacific Movement and the
14:
3217:Political organizations based in Japan
3199:
3148:Sociology of race and ethnic relations
2357:International Journal of Asian Studies
2152:
2126:
1875:
3227:Political parties established in 1901
2391:
1909:
1869:
1766:
1725:Pacific Movement of the Eastern World
1476:The Society published a journal, the
1414:, founder of the Black Dragon Society
871:Constitutional Government Association
3232:Organizations disestablished in 1946
3171:
2093:
2091:
876:Imperial Rule Assistance Association
2561:Discrimination based on nationality
2286:Yakuza: Japan's Criminal Underworld
2001:Sabeheddin, Mehmet (May 17, 2014).
1882:Yakuza: Japan's Criminal Underworld
1574:assisted the Japanese spy, Colonel
24:
25:
3283:
2373:
2088:
1713:Moorish Science Temple of America
656:An Investigation of Global Policy
3242:Internment of Japanese Americans
3180:
3170:
3161:
3160:
1593:During the 1920s and 1930s, the
1310:
1298:
147:
3252:1946 disestablishments in Japan
3207:Politics of the Empire of Japan
3181:
2360:, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 125–160.
2183:
2009:. New Gnosis Communications Int
1947:Victoria, Brian Daizen (2003).
1684:Activities in the United States
1662:American Occupation authorities
1051:Japanese Culture Channel Sakura
819:Democratic Party for the People
30:For the fictional version, see
3272:Anti-Russian sentiment in Asia
3066:Go back to where you came from
2292:University of California Press
2127:Jansen, Henning (1940-05-26).
2058:
2053:University of Washington Press
2039:
2021:
1941:
1903:
1887:University of California Press
13:
1:
2079:California Historical Society
1862:
1731:may have also been a member.
1429:as a successor to his mentor
824:Greater Japan Patriotic Party
32:Black Dragon Society (comics)
3247:1901 establishments in Japan
2028:1942 World War II Chronology
1104:Action Conservative Movement
58:; 123 years ago
7:
3212:Far-right politics in Japan
2045:Burton, Jeffery F. (2002).
1806:
1375:
854:Restoration Political Party
829:Happiness Realization Party
814:Conservative Party of Japan
10:
3288:
2417:
2245:Königshausen & Neumann
2219:Königshausen & Neumann
1975:Kearney, Reginald (1998).
1829:G-Men vs. the Black Dragon
1791:Justice Society of America
1690:Peace Movement of Ethiopia
1676:as the Black Dragon Club (
1402:
626:Bushido: The Soul of Japan
464:U.S.-Japan Security Treaty
29:
3257:Japanese secret societies
3237:Japanese-American history
3156:
3033:
2866:
2634:
2536:
2425:
2366:10.1017/S147959141400014X
2283:, and Alec Dubro (2004).
2153:Morris, Narrelle (2013).
2104:University of Texas Press
1362:
896:Party for Japanese Kokoro
676:The Dignity of the Nation
666:The Japan That Can Say No
114:
100:
90:
80:
70:
52:
42:
1735:Mittie Maude Lena Gordon
1582:were maintained through
1422:was founded in 1901 by
844:Liberal Democratic Party
3096:Psychometrics of racism
2546:Anti-miscegenation laws
1590:sects throughout Asia.
1471:intelligence operatives
1305:Conservatism portal
886:Japan Restoration Party
859:Party of Do it Yourself
3061:Ethnic plastic surgery
2556:Biological determinism
2346:Rowman and Littlefield
1928:10.4000/diacronie.4738
1664:in 1946. According to
1533:Imperial Japanese Army
1415:
1234:Historical negationism
1182:Anti-Chinese sentiment
891:New Conservative Party
839:Japan Innovation Party
444:Peace Preservation Law
2981:In Jewish communities
2959:Hispanic & Latino
2351:Saaler, Sven (2014).
2336:Saaler, Sven (2011).
1666:Brian Daizen Victoria
1561:psychological warfare
1529:Siberian Intervention
1410:
1187:Anti-Korean sentiment
1147:National essentialism
849:Tokyoites First Party
140:Conservatism in Japan
3071:Herrenvolk democracy
1357:Black Dragon Society
984:Black Dragon Society
38:Black Dragon Society
3222:Japanese militarism
3091:Perpetual foreigner
2077:, on behalf of the
2065:Inada, Lawson Fusao
1744:On March 27, 1942,
1525:annexation of Korea
881:Japan Renewal Party
415:Anti-Comintern Pact
39:
3121:Racial integration
3101:Race and sexuality
2906:Japanese Americans
2626:Racial segregation
2616:Racial nationalism
2033:2007-12-16 at the
1813:Dark Ocean Society
1767:In popular culture
1750:San Joaquin Valley
1729:Sankichi Takahashi
1701:Satokata Takahashi
1521:Russo-Japanese War
1416:
1387:, was a prominent
1385:Amur River Society
906:People's New Party
37:
3267:Politics of Korea
3194:
3193:
2942:African Americans
2889:Chinese Americans
2586:Ethnic stereotype
2166:978-1-136-97093-1
1723:, as well as the
1604:Onisaburo Deguchi
1353:
1352:
1253:Politics in Japan
1159:Shōwa Restoration
834:Japan First Party
459:Satsuma Rebellion
124:
123:
16:(Redirected from
3279:
3184:
3183:
3174:
3173:
3164:
3163:
3018:Racial supremacy
2976:Jewish Americans
2954:Native Americans
2923:Zainichi Koreans
2911:Japanese Koreans
2894:Zainichi Chinese
2867:Racism by target
2644:Global apartheid
2636:Racism by region
2621:Racial profiling
2611:Racial hierarchy
2412:
2405:
2398:
2389:
2388:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2095:
2086:
2062:
2056:
2043:
2037:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2014:
1998:
1989:
1973:
1964:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1907:
1901:
1900:
1873:
1694:African-American
1606:on a journey to
1535:made use of the
1514:Emilio Aguinaldo
1393:ultranationalist
1382:
1381:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1345:
1338:
1331:
1317:Japan portal
1315:
1314:
1313:
1303:
1302:
1301:
1272:Yamato nadeshiko
1128:
1109:Anti-Americanism
681:
671:
661:
651:
646:Shinmin no Michi
641:
631:
621:
325:Japanese culture
151:
141:
126:
125:
66:
64:
59:
40:
36:
21:
3287:
3286:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3197:
3196:
3195:
3190:
3152:
3131:Racism in sport
3029:
3023:White supremacy
2862:
2630:
2566:Ethnic conflict
2538:
2532:
2426:Types of racism
2421:
2416:
2376:
2371:
2313:Thomas B. Allen
2267:Academica Press
2191:Deacon, Richard
2186:
2181:
2180:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2151:
2147:
2138:
2136:
2125:
2121:
2114:
2096:
2089:
2063:
2059:
2044:
2040:
2035:Wayback Machine
2026:
2022:
2012:
2010:
1999:
1992:
1974:
1967:
1949:Zen War Stories
1946:
1942:
1933:
1931:
1908:
1904:
1897:
1885:. Los Angeles:
1874:
1870:
1865:
1809:
1786:All Star Comics
1769:
1721:Nation of Islam
1717:Elijah Muhammed
1686:
1670:Zen War Stories
1616:Morihei Ueshiba
1576:Motojiro Akashi
1504:also supported
1405:
1379:
1359:
1349:
1311:
1309:
1299:
1297:
1290:
1289:
1278:Yasukuni Shrine
1258:Pro-Americanism
1177:
1169:
1168:
1122:
1099:
1091:
1090:
1085:Yomiuri Shimbun
1045:Fuji Television
1032:
1024:
1023:
929:
921:
920:
806:
798:
797:
693:
685:
684:
679:
669:
659:
649:
639:
636:The Book of Tea
629:
619:
610:
602:
601:
477:
469:
468:
400:
392:
391:
251:
243:
242:
159:
139:
110:
62:
60:
57:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3285:
3275:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3188:
3178:
3168:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3145:
3143:Reverse racism
3140:
3139:
3138:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3116:Racial figleaf
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3037:
3035:
3034:Related topics
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3026:
3025:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2993:Middle Eastern
2990:
2985:
2984:
2983:
2978:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2956:
2951:
2950:
2949:
2944:
2934:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2926:
2925:
2915:
2914:
2913:
2908:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2876:
2870:
2868:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2860:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2816:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2789:
2788:
2787:
2785:United Kingdom
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2727:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2663:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2646:
2640:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2542:
2540:
2537:Manifestations
2534:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2422:
2415:
2414:
2407:
2400:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2375:
2374:External links
2372:
2370:
2369:
2349:
2348:, pp. 121–132.
2334:
2331:978-0679425144
2309:Polmar, Norman
2306:
2278:
2275:978-1936320752
2256:
2253:978-3826049088
2235:, ed. (2012).
2230:
2227:978-3826049095
2208:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2165:
2145:
2119:
2112:
2106:. p. 27.
2087:
2057:
2038:
2020:
1990:
1965:
1961:978-0700715817
1940:
1902:
1896:978-0520274907
1895:
1889:. p. 24.
1867:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1854:
1848:
1846:Secret society
1843:
1838:
1836:Kōtarō Yoshida
1833:
1825:
1823:Kinoaki Matsuo
1820:
1815:
1808:
1805:
1768:
1765:
1709:Noble Drew Ali
1685:
1682:
1678:Kokuryū-Kurabu
1639:Southeast Asia
1456:Russian Empire
1431:Mitsuru Tōyama
1424:martial artist
1404:
1401:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1340:
1333:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1320:
1319:
1307:
1292:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1280:
1275:
1268:
1261:
1255:
1250:
1243:
1236:
1231:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1215:
1208:
1201:
1189:
1184:
1178:
1176:Related topics
1175:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1149:
1144:
1137:
1130:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1081:
1078:Shūkan Shinchō
1074:
1067:
1060:
1057:Sankei Shimbun
1053:
1048:
1041:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1014:
1007:
1000:
993:
986:
975:
974:
967:
960:
953:
948:
945:Ganbare Nippon
941:
930:
927:
926:
923:
922:
919:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
862:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
807:
804:
803:
800:
799:
796:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
694:
691:
690:
687:
686:
683:
682:
672:
662:
652:
642:
632:
622:
611:
608:
607:
604:
603:
600:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
478:
475:
474:
471:
470:
467:
466:
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
434:
433:
432:
430:Emperor system
422:
420:CIA activities
417:
412:
407:
401:
398:
397:
394:
393:
390:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
302:
301:
300:
295:
285:
280:
275:
268:
263:
258:
256:Anti-communism
252:
249:
248:
245:
244:
241:
240:
235:
234:
233:
223:
218:
213:
212:
211:
206:
201:
196:
183:
178:
177:
176:
171:
160:
157:
156:
153:
152:
144:
143:
135:
134:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
109:
108:
104:
102:
98:
97:
92:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
54:
50:
49:
44:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3284:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3187:
3179:
3177:
3169:
3167:
3159:
3158:
3155:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3032:
3024:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3013:Wine industry
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2972:
2969:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2935:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2919:
2916:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2899:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2841:South America
2839:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2829:United States
2827:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2820:
2819:North America
2817:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2793:
2790:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2701:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2667:
2664:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2606:Racialization
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2571:Ethnic hatred
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2535:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2488:Laissez-faire
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2473:Institutional
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2458:Environmental
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2413:
2408:
2406:
2401:
2399:
2394:
2393:
2390:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2377:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2300:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2287:
2282:
2281:Kaplan, David
2279:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2265:. Palo Alto:
2264:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2243:). Würzburg:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2168:
2162:
2158:
2157:
2149:
2134:
2130:
2123:
2115:
2113:9781477318997
2109:
2105:
2101:
2094:
2092:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2042:
2036:
2032:
2029:
2024:
2008:
2004:
1997:
1995:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1979:
1972:
1970:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1944:
1929:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1906:
1898:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1877:Kaplan, David
1872:
1868:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1851:Shindo Renmei
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1804:
1802:
1798:
1797:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1773:Master Comics
1764:
1762:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1703:, to promote
1702:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1654:
1652:
1651:United States
1648:
1645:, as well as
1644:
1643:South America
1640:
1637:, throughout
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1549:assassination
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1517:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1482:Amur Bulletin
1479:
1478:Kokuryū Kaiho
1474:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1432:
1428:
1427:Uchida Ryohei
1425:
1421:
1413:
1412:Ryōhei Uchida
1409:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1377:
1369:
1365:
1358:
1346:
1341:
1339:
1334:
1332:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1308:
1306:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1121:
1120:Kaikaku hoshu
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1095:
1094:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1073:
1072:
1071:Shufu no Tomo
1068:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1040:
1039:
1038:Bungei Shunjū
1035:
1034:
1028:
1027:
1020:
1019:
1015:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1006:
1005:
1001:
999:
998:
994:
992:
991:
987:
985:
982:
981:
980:
979:
973:
972:
968:
966:
965:
961:
959:
958:
954:
952:
949:
947:
946:
942:
940:
939:
935:
934:
933:
928:Organisations
925:
924:
917:
914:
912:
911:Sunrise Party
909:
907:
904:
902:
901:Party of Hope
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
868:
867:
866:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
811:
810:
802:
801:
794:
791:
789:
788:Tojo (Hideki)
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
695:
689:
688:
678:
677:
673:
667:
663:
658:
657:
653:
647:
643:
638:
637:
633:
628:
627:
623:
618:
617:
613:
612:
606:
605:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
479:
476:Intellectuals
473:
472:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
447:
445:
442:
440:
439:
435:
431:
428:
427:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
402:
396:
395:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
342:Law and order
340:
338:
335:
333:
332:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
299:
296:
294:
291:
290:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
273:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
253:
247:
246:
239:
236:
232:
229:
228:
227:
224:
222:
221:Paternalistic
219:
217:
214:
210:
207:
205:
204:Shōwa Statism
202:
200:
197:
195:
194:
190:
189:
188:
184:
182:
179:
175:
172:
170:
167:
166:
165:
162:
161:
155:
154:
150:
146:
145:
142:
137:
136:
132:
128:
127:
120:
117:
113:
106:
105:
103:
99:
96:
93:
89:
86:
83:
79:
76:
75:Uchida Ryohei
73:
69:
55:
51:
48:
45:
41:
33:
19:
3262:Pan-Asianism
3136:in Australia
3126:Racial quota
2770:Soviet Union
2713:Saudi Arabia
2654:South Africa
2581:Ethnic slurs
2576:Ethnic jokes
2478:Internalized
2380:
2355:
2341:
2323:Random House
2321:. New York:
2317:
2285:
2262:
2259:Jacob, Frank
2240:
2236:
2233:Jacob, Frank
2217:. Würzburg:
2214:
2211:Jacob, Frank
2195:
2184:Bibliography
2170:. Retrieved
2155:
2148:
2137:. Retrieved
2132:
2122:
2099:
2075:Heyday Books
2073:. Berkeley:
2069:
2060:
2047:
2041:
2023:
2011:. Retrieved
2006:
1977:
1948:
1943:
1932:. Retrieved
1918:
1911:Jacob, Frank
1905:
1881:
1871:
1857:Uyoku dantai
1828:
1818:Fifth column
1794:
1784:
1777:fifth column
1772:
1770:
1758:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1705:pan-Asianism
1698:
1687:
1677:
1669:
1657:
1655:
1622:
1620:
1594:
1592:
1584:World War II
1580:Central Asia
1571:
1569:
1557:Zhang Zuolin
1539:network for
1536:
1518:
1506:Pan-Asianism
1501:
1481:
1477:
1475:
1466:
1462:
1460:
1451:
1434:
1419:
1417:
1389:paramilitary
1384:
1356:
1354:
1282:
1270:
1265:Uyoku dantai
1263:
1245:
1238:
1226:
1217:
1210:
1203:
1196:
1151:
1139:
1132:
1118:
1083:
1076:
1069:
1062:
1055:
1043:
1036:
1016:
1009:
1002:
995:
988:
983:
977:
976:
969:
962:
957:Nippon Kaigi
955:
943:
936:
931:
864:
863:
808:
674:
654:
634:
624:
614:
436:
377:Social order
329:
310:Filial piety
270:
261:Asian values
231:State Shinto
191:
3051:Anti-racism
2792:Middle East
2686:South Korea
2681:North Korea
2596:Hate speech
2518:Substantive
2498:Neocolonial
2135:(in German)
2083:pp. 161-162
1674:Ōmori Sōgen
1519:During the
1510:Sun Yat-sen
1450:), read as
1247:Nihonjinron
1228:Hakkō ichiu
1153:Nihon shugi
1141:Netto-uyoku
1123: [
793:Tojo (Yuko)
692:Politicians
405:1955 System
382:Sovereignty
337:Imperialism
305:Familialism
298:Meritocracy
293:Aristocracy
187:Nationalist
43:Predecessor
3201:Categories
2930:Vietnamese
2703:Arab world
2601:Hate group
2591:Hate crime
2528:Xenophobia
2508:Scientific
2493:Linguistic
2344:. Lanham:
2303:0520274903
2296:pp. 18–21.
2290:Berkeley:
2205:0425074587
2172:2024-02-14
2139:2024-02-14
1983:SUNY Press
1981:New York:
1934:2022-06-02
1863:References
1754:California
1739:Kokuryūkai
1658:Kokuryūkai
1623:Kokuryūkai
1595:Kokuryūkai
1572:Kokuryūkai
1565:propaganda
1537:Kokuryūkai
1502:Kokuryūkai
1463:Kokuryūkai
1452:Kokuryū-kō
1441:Amur River
1420:Kokuryūkai
1376:kokuryūkai
1134:Minzoku-ha
1004:Kokuryūkai
997:Kenkokukai
971:Zaitokukai
916:Your Party
609:Literature
362:Patriotism
357:Monarchism
352:Militarism
278:Discipline
250:Principles
164:Capitalist
158:Ideologies
81:Founded at
18:Kokuryukai
3111:Race card
3046:Alt-right
2846:Argentina
2807:Palestine
2725:Australia
2551:Apartheid
2539:of racism
2055:. p. 172.
1955:, p. 61.
1953:Routledge
1921:(28, 4).
1919:Diacronie
1841:Sakurakai
1668:'s book,
1541:espionage
1498:Ikki Kita
1486:Manchuria
1467:Gen'yōsha
1436:Gen'yōsha
1395:group in
1383:, or the
1368:Shinjitai
1260:(postwar)
1098:Movements
1018:Tatenokai
1011:Sakurakai
964:Seikijuku
718:Hashimoto
532:Mizushima
512:Kobayashi
454:Red Scare
449:Red Purge
410:Abenomics
387:Tradition
320:Hierarchy
266:Authority
226:Religious
181:Corporate
95:Political
53:Formation
47:Gen'yōsha
3166:Category
3081:Lynching
3056:Casteism
2901:Japanese
2760:Portugal
2691:Thailand
2659:Zimbabwe
2523:Symbolic
2513:Societal
2503:Romantic
2468:Gendered
2448:Cultural
2438:Colorism
2433:Aversive
2315:(1997).
2261:(2014).
2213:(2012).
2193:(1983).
2067:(2000).
2031:Archived
2013:March 9,
2007:New Dawn
1913:(2016).
1879:(2012).
1853:, Brazil
1807:See also
1761:Manzanar
1719:and the
1711:and the
1649:and the
1627:Ethiopia
1614:founder
1608:Mongolia
1588:Buddhist
1553:warlords
1545:sabotage
1364:Kyūjitai
1284:Zaibatsu
1240:Kokugaku
1192:Nobility
1164:Trumpism
990:Genyōsha
773:Nakasone
768:Nakagawa
748:Kiichirō
743:Kawamura
738:Ishihara
728:Hiranuma
723:Hatoyama
616:Hagakure
592:Tadayuki
587:Sugiyama
567:Oshikawa
522:Mayuzumi
507:Kanokogi
199:Populist
131:a series
129:Part of
119:Politics
101:Location
3176:Commons
3086:Passing
3041:Ableism
2964:Mexican
2884:Chinese
2780:Ukraine
2745:Germany
2735:Denmark
2696:Vietnam
1759:In the
1635:Morocco
1602:leader
1445:Chinese
1403:History
1366:; 黑龍會;
1219:Samurai
1064:Shokun!
978:Defunct
865:Defunct
805:Parties
758:Koizumi
597:Watsuji
572:Sakurai
547:Nishibe
537:Mishima
502:Hyakuta
399:History
347:Loyalty
331:Kokutai
315:Heroism
288:Elitism
272:Bushido
193:Minzoku
71:Founder
61: (
3008:Slavic
3003:Romani
2998:Muslim
2971:Jewish
2918:Korean
2879:Asians
2851:Brazil
2834:Mexico
2824:Canada
2812:Turkey
2802:Israel
2765:Russia
2755:Poland
2740:France
2730:Europe
2649:Africa
2483:Patent
2463:Formal
2443:Covert
2419:Racism
2383:(1914)
2329:
2311:, and
2301:
2273:
2251:
2225:
2203:
2163:
2110:
1987:p. 77.
1959:
1893:
1831:(1943)
1801:Hawaii
1692:(both
1647:Europe
1631:Turkey
1612:Aikido
1600:Oomoto
1531:, the
1205:Kazoku
1198:Daimyo
938:Dentsu
932:Active
809:Active
778:Sugita
713:Fukuda
680:(2005)
670:(1989)
660:(1943)
650:(1941)
640:(1906)
630:(1899)
620:(1716)
542:Miyake
527:Minobe
517:Masaki
497:Hirata
492:Hasuda
487:Fukuda
425:Empire
372:Shinto
367:Racism
185:
169:Fiscal
115:Fields
3186:Index
2947:Women
2937:Black
2856:Chile
2775:Spain
2750:Italy
2718:Sudan
2708:Libya
2676:Japan
2671:China
2453:Cyber
1796:Raven
1494:China
1490:Korea
1397:Japan
1370:: 黒竜会
1127:]
1114:Green
1031:Media
763:Konoe
753:Koike
733:Inada
577:Shiga
562:Ōkawa
438:Tenkō
238:Ultra
209:Ultra
174:State
85:Japan
2988:LGBT
2874:Arab
2797:Iran
2666:Asia
2327:ISBN
2299:ISBN
2271:ISBN
2249:ISBN
2223:ISBN
2201:ISBN
2161:ISBN
2108:ISBN
2015:2023
1957:ISBN
1891:ISBN
1656:The
1641:and
1570:The
1547:and
1527:and
1512:and
1492:and
1461:The
1447:(黑龍江
1418:The
1355:The
1212:Kuge
783:Tarō
703:Akao
582:Sono
283:Duty
91:Type
63:1901
56:1901
2362:doi
1923:doi
1783:'s
1746:FBI
1433:'s
708:Asō
698:Abe
552:Ōen
482:Etō
216:Neo
3203::
2325:.
2294:.
2269:.
2247:.
2221:.
2131:.
2102:.
2090:^
2081:.
2005:.
1993:^
1985:.
1968:^
1951:.
1917:.
1803:.
1781:DC
1756:.
1752:,
1741:.
1727:.
1715:,
1653:.
1633:,
1629:,
1618:.
1543:,
1523:,
1516:.
1496:.
1488:,
1399:.
1391:,
1373:,
1125:ja
668:”
648:"
557:Oh
133:on
2411:e
2404:t
2397:v
2368:.
2364::
2333:.
2305:.
2288:.
2277:.
2255:.
2239:(
2229:.
2207:.
2175:.
2142:.
2116:.
2085:.
2050:.
2017:.
1963:.
1937:.
1925::
1899:.
1480:(
1380:)
1360:(
1344:e
1337:t
1330:v
664:”
644:"
65:)
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.