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combination of outwash deposits from the glaciers and strong winds created the field, which is now mostly covered by forest and tundra. In present times the active dune fields cover about 20,500 acres (8,300 ha). The Great Kobuk Sand Dunes comprise the largest active Arctic dune field in North
America.
522:. The most visible animals are the 400,000 caribou of the Western Arctic herd. The herd migrates annually between their winter breeding grounds, south of the Waring Mountains, and their summer calving grounds, north of the Baird Mountains. The herd's annual crossing of the Kobuk River is central to the
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arrived, but departed between 1,500 and 1,000 years ago, again leaving the valley unoccupied. New people arrived by about 1200 AD, as documented by the Ahteut site 25 miles (40 km) downriver from Onion
Portage. People remained in the valley until the mid-19th century, when the caribou population
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when
Congressional negotiations on the proposed ANILCA bill were stalled. ANILCA was finally passed in 1980, and signed by Carter on December 2, 1980. Unlike many Park Service units in Alaska, Kobuk Valley is entirely national park land, with only subsistence hunting by local residents permitted. No
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Three sets of sand dune fields are located on the south side of the Kobuk River. The Great Kobuk Sand Dunes, Little Kobuk Sand Dunes and the Hunt River Dunes are remnants of dune fields that covered as many as 200,000 acres (81,000 ha) immediately after the retreat of
Pleistocene glaciation. A
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Weather in the park is subject to extremes. Average low temperatures in
January are â8 °F (â22 °C), and can reach nighttime lows of â50 °F (â46 °C). Summer temperatures average around 65 °F (18 °C), and can reach 85 °F (29 °C). Since the park is above the
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climates are defined by their coldest month averaging below 0 °C (32 °F), 1â3 months averaging above 10 °C (50 °F), all months with average temperatures below 22 °C (71.6 °F), and no significant precipitation difference between seasons. According to the
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declined and people moved closer to the coast. These people were the
Akunirmiut and Kuuvaum Kangiamirnuit. One of their villages was located in the present park at the mouth of the Hunt River. Their descendants, now known as the Kuuvangmiit, have mostly moved out of park lands.
412:, about 100 miles (160 km) west of the park on the Bering Sea coast. Seasonal ranger stations are operated along the Kobuk River at Kallarichuk, at the west end of the park, and at Onion Portage at the east end of the park. Offices and visitor services for
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district at the east end of the Kobuk River's course through the park. The site, strategically located at a major caribou river crossing, documents nine cultural complexes spanning from 8,000–6,000 BC to about 1000–1700 AD. The site is an
389:. Much of the southern portion of the park, south of the Kobuk River, is managed as the Kobuk Valley Wilderness of 174,545 acres (70,636 ha). The Selawik Wilderness lies to the south, in the adjoining Selawik National Wildlife Refuge.
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About 32 prospectors' camps were established during a short gold rush in 1899–1900. Surveys have not yet located them, although debris associated with the miners' boats has been found.
298:. Flights are available year-round, but are weather dependent. The park is one of the least-visited American national parks, along with others inaccessible by road, including the neighboring
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lie 32 miles (51 km) to the east. The park includes about 81,000 acres (33,000 ha) of lands owned by native corporations and the State of Alaska.
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263:. No designated trails or roads exist in the park, which at 1,750,716 acres (2,735.5 sq mi; 7,084.9 km), is slightly larger than the
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hours on the winter solstice, with long periods of twilight on either side of sunrise and sunset. As is the case over all of northern Alaska, the
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is often visible on winter nights when solar activity is high. Snow can happen at any time of the year. Wind and rain are common in summer.
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at
Kallarichuck at 13 ft (4 m) elevation is 2a with an average annual extreme minimum temperature of -47.1 °F (-43.9 °C).
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in the south that form a ring, defining and enclosing the Kobuk Valley. The middle two-thirds of the Kobuk River, from just above
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Human habitation in Kobuk Valley is believed to extend back at least 12,500 years. The present inhabitants of the valley are the
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migration routes. Park visitors must bring all their own gear for backcountry camping, hiking, backpacking, boating, and
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365:. The boundary of the park runs along the height-of-land of the Baird Mountains in the north and the shorter
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The fish and wildlife in the park are typical of arctic and subarctic fauna. The major economic species are
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to preserve the 100 ft (30 m) high Great Kobuk Sand Dunes and the surrounding area which includes
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appeared in the valley from the south and east. By about 4,000 years before the present, people of the
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Arctic Circle, the sun does not set from June 3 to July 9, and the sun is visible for only
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952:"Sand, Wind and Ice: Mars Analog Aeolian Studies at the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes, Alaska"
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Since no roads lead into the park, visitors arrive via chartered air taxi from
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in Alaska, the state with the second most national parks, surpassed only by
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The park's headquarters are at the
Northwest Arctic Heritage Center in
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The first human inhabitants of the Kobuk Valley were people of the
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Kobuk Valley
National Park was established as one of fifteen new
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people's subsistence hunting. Large mammals in the park include
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are in the same facility. The units are managed together as the
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has funded their study as an analog for
Martian polar dunes.
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1123:"Superintendent Named for Western Arctic National Parklands"
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791:"Annual Park Ranking Report for Recreation Visits in: 2023"
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694:, an Alaskan native corporation with rights in the park.
1359:(archive) - National Park Service Alaska Regional Office
845:"State Area Measurements and Internal Point Coordinates"
677:, who subsist on hunting and fishing in the region. The
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424:, with a single Park Service superintendent in charge.
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The park consists of the broad wetlands valley of the
1265:"Kobuk Valley National Park General Management Plan"
1096:"Northwest Arctic Heritage Center, Kotzebue, Alaska"
342:. It is over 75 miles (121 km) by river to the
562:exist in the park as well. Smaller mammals include
444:) with cool summers and year around precipitation.
334:The park is the center of a vast ecosystem between
247:, located about 25 miles (40 km) north of the
907:"Cultural Resources of Kobuk Valley National Park"
732:on December 1, 1978 using his authority under the
357:which runs along the southern edge of the western
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1357:Cultural Resources of Kobuk Valley National Park
767:. Land Resource Division, National Park Service
722:Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act
253:Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act
348:Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve
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959:Second International Planetary Dunes Workshop
1239:"Fish Species of Kobuk Valley National Park"
2171:List of national parks of the United States
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487:The park lies in a transition zone between
279:which has nine. The park is managed by the
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724:(ANILCA) of 1980. It was first declared a
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436:system, Kobuk Valley National Park has a
251:. The park was designated in 1980 by the
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1267:. National Park Service. 1986. p. 3
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762:"Listing of acreage â December 31, 2011"
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385:. The valley floor is mainly covered by
58:Meanders in the Kobuk River from the air
1153:United States Department of Agriculture
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502:Caribou swimming across the Kobuk River
451:United States Department of Agriculture
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3040:Alaska Department of Natural Resources
1149:"USDA Interactive Plant Hardiness Map"
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27:National park in Alaska, United States
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873:"NPS Annual Recreation Visits Report"
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778:National Park Service Acreage Reports
666:' backcountry cabin and cache in the
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737:part of the park is designated as a
679:Onion Portage Archeological District
668:Onion Portage Archeological District
1394:National parks of the United States
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950:Dinwiddie; et al. (May 2010).
751:
741:, which would allow sport hunting.
24:
2682:Petersburg CreekâDuncan Salt Chuck
1048:Cape Krusenstern National Monument
414:Cape Krusenstern National Monument
237:national park of the United States
190:1,750,716 acres (7,084.90 km)
25:
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2687:Pleasant/Lemesurier/Inian Islands
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606:, with other salmonids including
422:Western Arctic National Parklands
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1313:"Things to Know Before You Come"
1018:"Kobuk Valley National Park Map"
862:. 2010. Retrieved June 14, 2018.
336:Selawik National Wildlife Refuge
130:Northwest Arctic Borough, Alaska
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720:properties established by the
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2336:Aleutian Islands World War II
1202:"National Historic Landmarks"
1070:"Operating Hours and Seasons"
1044:"Operating Hours and Seasons"
992:"Operating Hours and Seasons"
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434:Köppen climate classification
1435:Black Canyon of the Gunnison
1353:of the National Park Service
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7:
860:United States Census Bureau
707:Arctic Small Tool tradition
514:, and fish species such as
10:
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3067:Kobuk Valley National Park
2920:National Conservation Area
1317:Kobuk Valley National Park
1291:Kobuk Valley National Park
1243:Kobuk Valley National Park
1206:Kobuk Valley National Park
1177:Kobuk Valley National Park
1127:Kobuk Valley National Park
1100:Kobuk Valley National Park
996:Kobuk Valley National Park
824:Kobuk Valley National Park
683:National Historic Landmark
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233:Kobuk Valley National Park
225:Kobuk Valley National Park
33:Kobuk Valley National Park
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929:"Kobuk Valley Wilderness"
692:NANA Regional Corporation
271:. Kobuk Valley is one of
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206:17,616 (in 2023)
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116:Show map of North America
113:Location in North America
63:
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37:
32:
1074:Noatak National Preserve
622:. Other species include
418:Noatak National Preserve
361:, which is known as the
340:Noatak National Preserve
1319:. National Park Service
1293:. National Park Service
1245:. National Park Service
1208:. National Park Service
1179:. National Park Service
1129:. National Park Service
1102:. National Park Service
1076:. National Park Service
1050:. National Park Service
1024:. National Park Service
998:. National Park Service
909:. National Park Service
875:. National Park Service
826:. National Park Service
797:. National Park Service
590:. Fish species include
243:region of northwestern
18:Kobuk Valley Wilderness
2782:Wild and Scenic Rivers
2747:Tracy Arm-Fords Terror
699:Paleo-Arctic tradition
670:
538:, caribou, and moose.
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3072:ANILCA establishments
2767:West Chichagof-Yakobi
2727:South Prince of Wales
1540:Great Smoky Mountains
718:National Park Service
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281:National Park Service
215:National Park Service
2772:WrangellâSaint Elias
2511:Forest Service units
2385:YukonâCharley Rivers
326:in southern Alaska.
273:eight national parks
2592:Gates of the Arctic
2250:Gates of the Arctic
1545:Guadalupe Mountains
1500:Gates of the Arctic
971:2010LPICo1552...21D
820:"Sand and Glaciers"
300:Gates of the Arctic
211:Governing body
167: /
2860:North Fork Koyukuk
2519:Mendenhall Glacier
2375:Bering Land Bridge
2367:National Preserves
2318:National Monuments
2298:Klondike Gold Rush
2280:WrangellâSt. Elias
1700:WrangellâSt. Elias
1675:Theodore Roosevelt
850:2018-03-16 at the
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314:at the end of the
171:67.550°N 159.283°W
88:Show map of Alaska
85:Location in Alaska
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2572:Coronation Island
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1555:Hawaiʻi Volcanoes
739:national preserve
726:national monument
703:Archaic tradition
664:J. Louis Giddings
586:and a variety of
438:Subarctic climate
432:According to the
306:in the middle of
230:
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140:Nearest city
16:(Redirected from
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3062:IUCN Category II
2947:
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2657:Maurille Islands
2587:Forrester Island
2537:Aleutian Islands
2529:Wilderness Areas
2488:National Forests
2408:Alaska Peninsula
2347:Cape Krusenstern
2326:Admiralty Island
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198:December 2, 1980
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40:IUCN category
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19:
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2994:Wood-Tikchik
2979:Kachemak Bay
2810:Beaver Creek
2737:Tebenkof Bay
2722:South Etolin
2662:Misty Fjords
2632:Kobuk Valley
2631:
2602:Hazy Islands
2352:Misty Fjords
2270:Kobuk Valley
2269:
2265:Kenai Fjords
1610:Mammoth Cave
1595:Kobuk Valley
1594:
1590:Kings Canyon
1585:Kenai Fjords
1520:Grand Canyon
1505:Gateway Arch
1490:Dry Tortugas
1480:Death Valley
1450:Capitol Reef
1440:Bryce Canyon
1321:. Retrieved
1316:
1307:
1295:. Retrieved
1290:
1287:"Management"
1281:
1269:. Retrieved
1259:
1247:. Retrieved
1242:
1233:
1227:KOVA mammals
1222:
1210:. Retrieved
1205:
1181:. Retrieved
1176:
1167:
1156:. Retrieved
1143:
1131:. Retrieved
1126:
1116:
1104:. Retrieved
1099:
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1078:. Retrieved
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1000:. Retrieved
995:
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923:
911:. Retrieved
877:. Retrieved
867:
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828:. Retrieved
823:
799:. Retrieved
794:
785:
769:. Retrieved
730:Jimmy Carter
715:
712:
696:
672:
608:Dolly Varden
552:river otters
505:
486:
459:
453:, the Plant
445:
441:
431:
407:
399:
379:Salmon River
359:Brooks Range
352:
333:
316:Florida Keys
312:Dry Tortugas
285:
261:dog sledding
232:
231:
2951:State Parks
2815:Birch Creek
2637:Kootznoowoo
2617:Karta River
2597:Glacier Bay
2567:Chuck River
2478:Yukon Flats
2473:Yukon Delta
2255:Glacier Bay
1705:Yellowstone
1690:White Sands
1575:Joshua Tree
1570:Isle Royale
1560:Hot Springs
1530:Great Basin
1525:Grand Teton
1515:Glacier Bay
1470:Crater Lake
1445:Canyonlands
1323:21 February
1297:21 February
1271:21 February
1249:21 February
1212:21 February
1183:21 February
1133:21 February
1106:21 February
1080:21 February
1054:21 February
1028:October 16,
1002:21 February
935:21 February
913:23 February
830:21 February
612:Arctic char
544:brown bears
540:Black bears
355:Kobuk River
344:Chukchi Sea
304:Isle Royale
195:Established
174: /
150:Coordinates
3056:Categories
2905:Unalakleet
2800:Andreafsky
2652:Lake Clark
2552:Bering Sea
2542:Andreafsky
2275:Lake Clark
1670:Shenandoah
1615:Mesa Verde
1600:Lake Clark
1495:Everglades
1158:2019-07-12
879:2019-03-08
856:census.gov
771:2012-03-07
745:References
616:lake trout
576:porcupines
564:wolverines
560:Dall sheep
383:Hunt River
324:Lake Clark
277:California
3017:Southeast
2900:Tlikakila
2865:Mulchatna
2835:Fortymile
2805:Aniakchak
2342:Aniakchak
2175:elevation
1695:Wind Cave
1685:Voyageurs
1645:Pinnacles
1550:HaleakalÄ
1173:"Weather"
801:March 23,
688:inholding
536:red foxes
330:Geography
2895:Tinayguk
2890:Sheenjek
2712:Simeonof
2562:Chamisso
2557:Bogoslof
2547:Becharof
2418:Becharof
1710:Yosemite
1465:Congaree
1430:Biscayne
1425:Big Bend
1420:Badlands
848:Archived
640:humpback
580:muskrats
520:sheefish
410:Kotzebue
381:and the
338:and the
296:Kotzebue
269:Delaware
203:Visitors
162:159°17âČW
144:Kotzebue
126:Location
2969:Chugach
2964:Chilkat
2885:Selawik
2875:Nowitna
2845:Ivishak
2840:Gulkana
2820:Charley
2790:Alagnak
2752:Tuxedni
2702:Selawik
2677:Nunivak
2642:Koyukuk
2612:Izembek
2501:Tongass
2496:Chugach
2458:Selawik
2453:Nowitna
2448:Koyukuk
2428:Izembek
2228:Federal
1665:Sequoia
1660:Saguaro
1650:Redwood
1635:Olympic
1510:Glacier
1022:nps.gov
967:Bibcode
795:nps.gov
690:of the
654:History
650:smelt.
648:rainbow
592:chinook
568:martens
548:beavers
530:packs,
524:Inupiaq
508:caribou
483:Ecology
470:⁄
428:Climate
292:Bettles
257:caribou
239:in the
221:Website
159:67°33âČN
3012:Haines
2974:Denali
2928:Steese
2880:Salmon
2870:Noatak
2795:Alatna
2757:Unimak
2742:Togiak
2707:Semidi
2672:Noatak
2622:Katmai
2607:Innoko
2577:Denali
2468:Togiak
2463:Tetlin
2443:Kodiak
2433:Kanuti
2423:Innoko
2413:Arctic
2380:Noatak
2260:Katmai
2245:Denali
2220:Alaska
1580:Katmai
1485:Denali
1415:Arches
1405:Acadia
976:23 May
965:: 21.
765:(XLSX)
624:burbot
558:, and
532:Arctic
516:salmon
493:tundra
375:Ambler
346:. The
320:Katmai
310:, the
245:Alaska
241:Arctic
2942:State
2855:Kobuk
2830:Delta
2627:Kenai
2438:Kenai
2338:(FWS)
2308:Sitka
955:(PDF)
681:is a
636:broad
632:round
588:voles
572:minks
512:moose
371:Kiana
294:, or
265:state
235:is a
2910:Wind
2850:John
2647:Kuiu
2356:USFS
2330:USFS
2173:(by
1715:Zion
1325:2013
1299:2013
1273:2013
1251:2013
1214:2013
1185:2013
1135:2013
1108:2013
1082:2013
1056:2013
1030:2018
1004:2013
978:2015
963:1552
937:2013
915:2013
832:2013
803:2024
646:and
644:pond
638:and
618:and
602:and
600:pink
596:chum
534:and
528:wolf
518:and
491:and
416:and
403:NASA
322:and
288:Nome
187:Area
42:II (
2218:of
446:Dfc
442:Dfc
267:of
134:USA
3058::
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753:^
634:,
630:,
626:,
614:,
610:,
598:,
594:,
582:,
578:,
574:,
570:,
566:,
554:,
550:,
546:,
542:,
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