Hawaiian Kingdom - Knowledge

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nor any other had enacted any change in my name. All my official acts, as well as my private letters, were issued over the signature of Liliuokalani. But when my jailers required me to sign ("Liliuokalani Dominis,") I did as they commanded. Their motive in this as in other actions was plainly to humiliate me before my people and before the world. I saw in a moment, what they did not, that, even were I not complying under the most severe and exacting duress, by this demand they had overreached themselves. There is not, and never was, within the range of my knowledge, any such a person as Liliuokalani Dominis.

180: 2721: 762: 81: 1505: 1606: 686: 672: 633: 6848: 1221:, which acknowledged that "the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi occurred with the active participation of agents and citizens of the United States" and "the Native Hawaiian people never directly relinquished to the United States their claims to their inherent sovereignty as a people over their national lands, either through the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi or through a plebiscite or referendum." Opposition to the U.S. annexation of Hawaii played a major role in the creation of the 1647: 2900: 9917: 6686: 67: 3183: 1850: 6696: 9943: 3243: 2413: 700: 647: 2589:, Kamehameha III declared Hawaiʻi a neutral state. The United States government put strong pressure on Kamehameha IV to trade exclusively with the United States, threatening to annex the islands. To counter this threat Kamehameha IV and Kamehameha V pushed for alliances with other foreign powers, especially Great Britain. Hawaiʻi claimed uninhabited islands in the Pacific, including the 2767:, a missionary who had become the minister of finance for the Kingdom, secretly arranged for J.F.B. Marshall to be sent to the United States, France and Britain, to protest Paulet's actions. Marshall, a commercial agent of Ladd & Co., conveyed the Kingdom's complaint to the vice consul of Britain in Tepec. Rear Admiral 1722:, which claimed an "imminent threat to American lives and property." Stevens was accused of ordering the landing on his own authority and inappropriately using his discretion. Historian William Russ concluded that "the injunction to prevent fighting of any kind made it impossible for the monarchy to protect itself." 2845:

and destroyed all other weapons they found (mainly muskets and ammunition). They raided government buildings and general property in Honolulu, causing $ 100,000 in damage. After the raids the invasion force withdrew to the fort. De Tromelin eventually recalled his men and left Hawaiʻi on September 5.

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Hear ye! I make known to you that I am in perplexity by reason of difficulties into which I have been brought without cause, therefore I have given away the life of our land. Hear ye! but my rule over you, my people, and your privileges will continue, for I have hope that the life of the land will be

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Destroy the malevolent impression which you find established to the detriment of the French name; to rectify the erroneous opinion which has been created as to the power of France; and to make it well understood that it would be to the advantage of the chiefs of those islands of the Ocean to conduct

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The undersigned, Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State of Foreign Affairs, and the Ambassador Extraordinary of His Majesty the King of the French, at the Court of London, being furnished with the necessary powers, hereby declare, in consequence, that their said Majesties take reciprocally that

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Before ascending the throne, for fourteen years, or since the date of my proclamation as heir apparent, my official title had been simply Liliuokalani. Thus I was proclaimed both Princess Royal and Queen. Thus it is recorded in the archives of the government to this day. The Provisional Government

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was a nasty campaign in which both candidates resorted to mudslinging and innuendo. Kalākaua became the second elected King of Hawaiʻi but without the ceremonial popular vote of Lunalilo. The choice was controversial, and U.S. and British troops were called upon to suppress rioting by Queen Emma's

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The establishment of the Polynesian kingdoms was the culmination of pre-European stresses in island society, in conjunction with the needs and opportunities presented by contact with Europeans. Political centralization satisfied individual ambitions but also simplified the developing relationship

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against the Provisional Government to pressure them into returning the Queen. This incident drove home the message that President Cleveland wanted Queen Liliʻuokalani's return to power. On July 4, 1894, the Republic of Hawaii was requested to wait for the end of President Cleveland's second term.

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Liliʻuokalani wanted to restore power to the monarch by abrogating the 1887 Constitution. She launched a campaign resulting in a petition to proclaim a new Constitution. Many citizens and residents who in 1887 had forced Kalākaua to sign the "Bayonet Constitution" became alarmed when three of her

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Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and His Majesty the King of the French, taking into consideration the existence in the Sandwich Islands (Hawaiian Islands) of a government capable of providing for the regularity of its relations with foreign nations, have

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themselves in such a manner as not to incur the wrath of France. You will exact, if necessary with all the force that is yours to use, complete reparation for the wrongs which have been committed, and you will not quit those places until you have left in all minds a solid and lasting impression.

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The 1887 constitution empowered the citizenry to elect members of the House of Nobles (who had previously been appointed by the King). It increased the value of property a citizen must own to be eligible to vote above the previous Constitution of 1864. It also denied voting rights to Asians who

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American missionaries converted most of the natives to Christianity. The missionaries and their children became a powerful elite by the mid-19th century. They provided the chief advisors and cabinet members of the kings and dominated the professional and merchant class in the cities.

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On November 28, 1843, at the Court of London, the British and French governments formally recognized Hawaiian independence. The "Anglo-Franco Proclamation", a joint declaration by France and Britain, signed by King Louis-Philippe and Queen Victoria, assured the Hawaiian delegation:

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thought it right to engage, reciprocally, to consider the Sandwich Islands as an Independent State, and never to take possession, neither directly or under the title of Protectorate, or under any other form, of any part of the territory of which they are composed.

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Contact with the outer world exposed the natives to a disastrous series of imported plagues such as smallpox. The native Hawaiian population fell from approximately 128,000 in 1778 to 71,000 in 1853, reaching a low of 24,000 in 1920. Most lived in remote villages.

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In 1893, local businessmen and politicians, composed of six non-native Hawaiian Kingdom subjects, five American nationals, one British national, and one German national, all of whom were living in Hawaiʻi, overthrew the regime and took over the government.

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and elsewhere worked in Hawaiʻi under fixed term contracts (typically for five years). Most returned home on schedule, but many settled there. By 1908 about 180,000 Japanese workers had arrived. No more were allowed in, but 54,000 remained permanently.

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lost voting rights). This limited the franchise to wealthy native Hawaiians and Europeans. The Bayonet Constitution continued allowing the monarch to appoint cabinet ministers, but took his power to dismiss them without approval from the Legislature.

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were commissioned as joint ministers plenipotentiary on April 8, 1842. Simpson went to Great Britain while Haʻalilio and Richards traveled to the United States. The Hawaiian delegation secured the assurance of Hawaiian independence by U.S. president

1570:. However, the will was not a proper proclamation according to kingdom law. Protests objected to nominating lower ranking aliʻi who were not eligible to the throne while high ranking aliʻi were available who were eligible, such as High Chiefess 1660:. By rescinding the Reciprocity Treaty of 1875, the new tariff eliminated the previous advantage Hawaiian exporters enjoyed in trade to U.S. markets. Many Hawaiian businesses and citizens felt the lost revenue, and so Liliʻuokalani proposed a 9533: 1629:, stripping the King of most of his personal authority, empowering the legislature and establishing a cabinet government. It became known as the "Bayonet Constitution" over the threat of force used to gain Kalākaua's cooperation. 3219:. In later years, the palace served as his sister's makeshift prison, the site of the official raising of the U.S. flag during annexation, and then territorial governor's and legislature's offices, ultimately becoming a museum. 1664:

and opium licensing to bring in additional revenue. Her ministers and closest friends tried to dissuade her from pursuing the bills, and these controversial proposals were used against her in the looming constitutional crisis.

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considered the overthrow to have been an illegal act of war; he refused to consider annexation and initially worked to restore the queen to her throne. Between December 14, 1893, and January 11, 1894, a standoff known as the

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The military shrank with the population under the onslaught of disease, so by the end of the Kamehameha dynasty the Hawaiian navy dissolved and the army consisted of a few hundred troops. After a French invasion that sacked

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was forced to sign a five-page declaration as "Liliuokalani Dominis" in which she formally abdicated the throne in return for the release and commutation of the death sentences of her jailed supporters, including Minister

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on August 22, mainly that full religious rights be given to Catholics, (Catholics enjoyed only partial religious rights). On August 25 the demands had not been met. After a second warning, French troops overwhelmed the

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priests were deported. Native Hawaiian converts to Catholicism claimed to have been imprisoned, beaten and tortured after the expulsion of the priests. Resistance toward the French Catholic missionaries continued under

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Hawaiʻi was the first non-European indigenous state whose independence was recognized by the major powers. The United States declined to join France and the United Kingdom in this statement. Even though President

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That the Catholic worship be declared free, throughout all the dominions subject to the King of the Sandwich Islands; the members of this religious faith shall enjoy in them the privileges granted to Protestants.

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in the manner of European systems. The Kingdom thus became an early example of monarchies in Polynesian societies as contacts with Europeans increased. Similar political developments occurred (for example) in

2963:(Royal School) and selected of the 16 highest-ranking aliʻi to be eligible to rule and gave them the highest education and proper etiquette. They were required to attend boarding school under the direction of 9526: 2524:. Americans set up plantations after 1850. Few natives were willing to work on them, so recruiters fanned out across Asia and Europe. As a result, between 1850 and 1900, some 200,000 contract laborers from 1621:, Minister of Interior under King Kalākaua. The constitution was proclaimed by the king after a meeting of 3,000 residents, including an armed militia demanded he sign or be deposed. The document created a 2951:(Independence Day), became a Hawaiian national holiday to celebrate the recognition. The Hawaiian Kingdom entered into treaties with most major countries and established over 90 legations and consulates. 2487:) governing women's behavior. She allowed men and women to eat together and women to eat bananas. She also overturned the old religion in favor of Christianity. The missionaries developed a written 9519: 2491:. That led to high levels of literacy in Hawaiʻi, above 90 percent in the latter half of the 19th century. Writing aided in the consolidation of government. Written constitutions were developed. 1718:

and two companies of U.S. sailors to Honolulu to take up positions at the U.S. Legation, Consulate and Arion Hall on the afternoon of January 16, 1893. This deployment was at the request of the

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cabinet members informed them that the queen was planning to unilaterally proclaim her new Constitution. Some members were reported to have feared for their safety for not supporting her plans.

1300: 2743:, entered Honolulu Harbor and demanded that King Kamehameha III cede the islands to the British Crown. Under the frigate's guns, Kamehameha III surrendered to Paulet on February 25, writing: 3204:

Kamehameha V decided to build a royal palace fitting the Hawaiian Kingdom's new-found prosperity and standing with the royals of other nations. He commissioned the building of the palace at

2565:) as well as western technology such as artillery cannons, muskets and ships. European advisors were treated well and became Hawaiian citizens. When Kamehameha died in 1819 he left his son 1477:

a new monarch. From 1872 to 1873, several relatives of the Kamehameha line were nominated. In the monarchical election of 1873, a ceremonial popular vote and a unanimous legislative vote,

4064:"Every one knows how quickly Colburn and Peterson, when they could escape from the palace, called for help from Thurston and others, and how afraid Colburn was to go back to the palace." 6673: 1789:

was arrested when a weapons cache was found on the palace grounds. She was tried by a military tribunal of the Republic, convicted of treason, and placed under permanent house arrest.

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Anticipating foreign encroachment on Hawaiian territory, King Kamehameha III dispatched a delegation to the United States and Europe to secure recognition of Hawaiian independence.

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The emergence of 'Polynesian kingdoms' during the early years of European contact in Tahiti and Hawaii has conventionally been attributed to European influence and manipulation .

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on July 17, 1839 agreeing to Laplace's demands. He paid $ 20,000 in compensation for deporting the priests and the incarceration and torture of converts. The kingdom proclaimed:

7857: 2502:. It instituted official property rights, formalizing the customary land tenure system in effect prior to this declaration. Ninety-eight percent of the land was assigned to the 2786:. Admiral Thomas apologized to Kamehameha III for Paulet's actions, and restored Hawaiian sovereignty on July 31, 1843. In his restoration speech, Kamehameha III declared that 10023: 7135: 7053: 3922: 6484: 910: 619: 1316:, waged a military campaign lasting 15 years to unite the islands. He established the Hawaiian Kingdom in 1795 with the help of western weapons and advisors, such as 7852: 3281: 9425: 7258: 2383: 1048: 9988: 4889: 4014: 1524:

Like his predecessor, Lunalilo failed to name an heir to the throne. Once again, the legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom held an election to fill the vacancy.

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Hawaii was originally settled by Polynesian voyagers, who arrived on the islands circa the 6th century. The islands were governed as independent chiefdoms.

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Kalākaua officially proclaimed that his sister, Liliʻuokalani, would succeed to the throne upon his death. Hoping to avoid uncertainty, Kalākaua listed a

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Economic and demographic factors in the 19th century reshaped the islands. Their consolidation opened international trade. Under Kamehameha (1795–1819),

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of 1848, promulgated the first Constitution (1840) and its successor (1852) and witnessed cataclysmic losses of his people through imported diseases.

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David Kalākaua shared the dream of Kamehameha V to build a palace, and desired the trappings of European royalty. He commissioned the construction of

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Historians suggest that businessmen were in favor of overthrow and annexation to the U.S. in order to benefit from more favorable trade conditions.

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La Croix, Sumner and Christopher Grandy. (March 1997). "The Political Instability of Reciprocal Trade and the Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom" in

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Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under the

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In 1891, Kalākaua died and his sister Liliʻuokalani assumed the throne. She came to power during an economic crisis precipitated in part by the

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on December 19, 1842. They then met Simpson in Europe to secure formal recognition by the United Kingdom and France. On March 17, 1843, King

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in Hawaiʻi. On January 17, 1893, Liliʻuokalani, believing the U.S. military would intervene if she changed the constitution, waited for the

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During Liholiho's (Kamehameha II) reign (1819–1824), the arrival of Christian missionaries and whalers accelerated changes in the kingdom.

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Capital Cities around the World: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture

1138:. An influx of European and American explorers, traders, and whalers soon began arriving to the kingdom, introducing diseases such as 10013: 9920: 7607: 7222: 7104: 6732: 5842: 1992: 1614: 1470:

to declare his intentions of making her heir to the throne. Bernice refused the crown, and Kamehameha V died without naming an heir.

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Dynastic rule by the Kamehameha family ended in 1872 with the death of Kamehameha V. On his deathbed, he summoned High Chiefess

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FAP-30 (Honoapiilani Highway) Realignment, Puamana to Honokowai, Lahaina District, Maui County: Environmental Impact Statement

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had verbally recognized Hawaiian independence. In 1849 that the United States formally recognized Hawaiian independence.

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In witness whereof the undersigned have signed the present declaration, and have affixed thereto the seal of their arms.

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While lobbying continued during 1894, the royalist faction amassed an army 600 strong led by former Captain of the Guard

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until her death in 1832. Kauikeaouli's rule of three decades was the longest in the monarchy's history. He enacted the

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Wilson, Rob. "Exporting Christian Transcendentalism, Importing Hawaiian Sugar: The Trans-Americanization of Hawai'i."

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assumed de facto control of Kauaʻi and Niʻihau when he kidnapped Kaumualiʻi, ending his vassal rule over the islands.

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Kauikeaouli's reign (1824–1854) as Kamehameha III, began as a young ward of the primary wife of Kamehameha the Great,

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later sailed there to officially annex the island. Kamehameha IV and Kalākaua would later claim other islands in the

2186: 2012: 1962: 1744:"to rule until annexation by the United States". Dole was president of both the Provisional Government and the later 1678: 1183: 833: 787: 498: 9677: 4010: 1567: 9895: 9776: 9695: 9008: 7784: 7769: 7764: 7479: 7238: 7171: 6960: 6780: 6775: 6082: 6069: 3170: 2624: 2264: 2030: 1741: 905: 828: 679: 10018: 9872: 8406: 7950: 7472: 6298: 6029: 4867: 4817: 3256: 2445: 2324: 2294: 2284: 4400: 8985: 8488: 7847: 7494: 7195: 6965: 6770: 6592: 6120: 5734: 5628: 5445: 5129: 3286: 3197:

Early in its history, the Hawaiian Kingdom was governed from coastal towns on the islands of Hawaiʻi and Maui (

1563: 1182:, who succeeded Kalākaua in 1891, tried to abrogate the new constitution. She was subsequently overthrown in a 80: 1111:, and unified them under one government. In 1810, the Hawaiian Islands were fully unified when the islands of 9806: 9800: 8822: 7774: 7204: 7119: 7109: 6725: 6402: 6166: 5917: 5358:. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003. 5255: 5187: 3266: 2859: 2590: 2388: 1222: 751: 4569: 3953: 3884: 9476: 8458: 8446: 7965: 7754: 7625: 7084: 7025: 7015: 6202: 5652: 5576: 5552: 5546: 4903: 4250: 4035: 3628: 2684: 1719: 1187: 272: 4674:

Greenlee, John Wyatt. "Eight Islands on Four Maps: The Cartographic Renegotiation of Hawai'i, 1876–1959."

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comprised a large proportion of the population (a few Japanese and some Chinese who had previously become

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a large arsenal with tens of thousands of soldiers and many warships. This helped put down the revolt at

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On August 12, 1898, the flag of the Hawaiian Kingdom over ʻIolani Palace was lowered to raise the

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landing force on duty at the Arlington Hotel, Honolulu, at the time of the overthrow, January 1893

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Hawaiian by Birth: Missionary Children, Bicultural Identity, and U.S. Colonialism in the Pacific

3063:. They were abandoned when the Big Island became at risk and later reconquered by the aged King 3004: 2623:

returned and assisted the Missionary Party in her overthrow. Following the establishment of the

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in 1849, Kamehameha III sought defense treaties with the United States and Britain. During the

2378: 2373: 2234: 2166: 1683: 926: 797: 4457: 4348: 3734: 3653: 3514: 3487: 3363: 2747:"Where are you, chiefs, people, and commons from my ancestors, and people from foreign lands? 2040: 1358: 1092: 977: 874: 511: 152: 9746: 9647: 9603: 9481: 9461: 9441: 9304: 9268: 9223: 9168: 8960: 8955: 8730: 8677: 8502: 8411: 8380: 8320: 8270: 8052: 8042: 7353: 6815: 6699: 6305: 5460: 5237: 5219: 5028: 4959: 4305: 3680: 3433: 3416: 3390: 3332: 3127: 3000: 2960: 2768: 2605: 2550: 2344: 2334: 2304: 2078: 1802: 1782: 1731: 1467: 1458:

Lot, Kamehameha V (r. 1863–1872), struggled to solidify Hawaiian nationalism in the kingdom.

1321: 1245: 1021: 884: 433: 132: 8632: 4054: 3954:"The Hawaiian gazette. (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865–1918, March 24, 1891, Image 5" 3885:"The Hawaiian gazette. (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865–1918, March 31, 1891, Image 2" 3540: 9629: 9597: 9466: 9385: 9349: 9299: 9158: 9083: 8868: 8745: 8537: 8312: 8290: 8285: 8250: 8192: 7484: 7308: 7298: 6810: 6610: 6428: 6341: 6275: 6253: 6154: 6114: 6023: 5987: 5925: 5850: 5538: 5273: 5267: 5261: 3991: 3205: 2984: 2876: 2737: 2398: 2224: 2116: 1594: 1525: 1493: 1317: 1313: 1289:

in 1779 in a dispute over the taking of a longboat. Three years later the island passed to

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Campbell, Ian C. (January 1989). "Polynesia: European settlement and the later kingdoms".

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Lost Kingdom: Hawaii's Last Queen, the Sugar Kings and America's First Imperial Adventure

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Lost Kingdom: Hawaii's Last Queen, the Sugar Kings and America's First Imperial Adventure

3803:. UQP paperbacks. Berkeley: University of California Press (published 1989). p. 83. 3060: 2968: 2106: 2088: 2050: 1912: 1761: 1478: 1376: 1370: 1278: 1203: 1199: 1190:, a group of Hawaiian subjects who were mostly of American descent, and supported by the 1124: 982: 879: 843: 66: 7499: 4835: 3162:, were ceded to Hawaiʻi in 1856 by its residents, but the cession was never formalized. 3067:

of Maui. His domain then comprised six of the major islands of the Hawaiian chain. With

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The Power of the Steel-Tipped Pen: Reconstructing Native Hawaiian Intellectual History.

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Ancient Hawaiian Civilization: A Series of Lectures Delivered at THE KAMEHAMEHA SCHOOLS

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to leave port. Once it was known that Liliʻuokalani was revising the constitution, the

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which existed from 1795 to 1893. It was established during the late 18th century when

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Done in duplicate at London, the 28th day of November, in the year of our Lord, 1843.

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In ancient Hawaiʻi, society was divided into multiple classes. Rulers came from the

1198:, intending for the U.S. to annex the islands, which it did on July 4, 1898 via the 1167: 1134:

The kingdom subsequently gained diplomatic recognition from European powers and the

9788: 9758: 9726: 9635: 9432: 9396: 9138: 8908: 8853: 8816: 8791: 8781: 8715: 8667: 8597: 8592: 8587: 8582: 8577: 8567: 8562: 8255: 8001: 7862: 7582: 7303: 6975: 6652: 6585: 6577: 6569: 6497: 6408: 6376: 6263: 6063: 5975: 5760: 5286: 5279: 5181: 5066: 5011: 3261: 3115: 3099: 2964: 2888: 1756: 1749: 1582: 1539: 1513: 1155: 1084: 245: 235: 7837: 4897: 4603: 2996: 1849: 1793: 1786: 1650: 1559: 1504: 1294: 1262: 1179: 316: 9708: 9689: 9623: 9609: 9543: 9309: 9058: 9028: 9023: 8883: 8873: 8838: 8828: 8811: 8647: 8602: 8517: 8235: 8210: 8057: 7882: 7587: 7509: 7429: 6902: 6741: 6605: 6382: 6311: 6102: 6041: 5880: 5564: 5466: 5169: 4855: 4842: 4186: 4061: 4042: 3798: 3761: 3707: 3460: 3198: 3159: 2821: 2646: 2529: 2176: 1769: 1737: 1708: 1657: 1452: 1354: 1286: 1171: 1080: 587: 257: 211: 7504: 4011:"Mormon Beginnings in Samoa: Kimo Belio, Samuela Manoa and Walter Murray Gibson" 2600:

after a barracks revolt in September 1873. A small army was restored under King

2495: 9451: 9233: 9218: 9183: 8923: 8918: 8801: 8735: 8607: 8265: 8240: 8145: 8062: 8016: 7832: 7726: 7552: 7542: 7399: 7363: 6785: 6490: 6478: 6323: 5939: 5868: 5857: 5646: 5608: 5514: 5478: 5472: 5438: 4976: 4899: 3854:"Daily Alta California 18 March 1891 — California Digital Newspaper Collection" 3143: 3012: 2884: 2833: 2817: 2771:, Paulet's commanding officer, arrived at Honolulu harbor on July 26, 1843, on 2764: 2680: 2636: 2570: 2499: 1932: 1859: 1778: 1626: 1550:

in his will, so that after Liliʻuokalani the throne should succeed to Princess

1489: 1441: 1410: 1337: 1282: 818: 624: 72: 7867: 7842: 3462:

Legacy of the landscape: an illustrated guide to Hawaiian archaeological sites

1375:

From 1810 to 1893 two major dynastic families ruled the Hawaiian Kingdom: the

9957: 9947: 9702: 9579: 9551: 9098: 8863: 8858: 8280: 8138: 8097: 8077: 7358: 7079: 7069: 6897: 6862: 6531: 6351: 5532: 5416: 4401:"Kamehameha III issues the Edict of Toleration, June 17, 1839 – Tiki Central" 3965: 3896: 3248: 3201:). During the reign of Kamehameha III a capital was established in Honolulu. 3147: 3139: 3095: 3072: 2972: 2880: 2838: 2715: 2566: 2480:, who was designated as regent over the new king, Liholiho, who was a minor. 2476:

Following Kamehameha's death, succession was overseen by his principal wife,

2416: 2412: 1942: 1765: 1399: 1305: 1135: 962: 957: 767: 721: 665: 638: 459: 8627: 7459: 3609: 3083: 3079: 3068: 2779: 2642: 2477: 1555: 1427: 346: 9591: 9188: 8710: 8672: 8572: 8155: 6955: 6832: 6561: 6269: 5830: 5824: 5805: 5570: 5305: 5212: 5151: 5145: 4623: 4599: 3150:. Several of these islands had been claimed by the United States under the 3123: 3056: 2976: 2525: 2470: 2146: 1445: 1431: 1143: 1088: 304: 7529: 7146: 2855: 2473:. That led to the introduction of money and trade throughout the islands. 1551: 1297:, while religious authority was passed to the ruler's nephew, Kamehameha. 9567: 9420: 8929: 8725: 8617: 8612: 8532: 8123: 8107: 7602: 7156: 6678: 6174: 6075: 5886: 5490: 5390: 5105: 5099: 3763:

Culture Contact in the Pacific: Essays on Contact, Encounter and Response

3064: 2899: 2654: 2586: 2533: 1740:

and his committee took control of the government and declared itself the

1634: 1605: 1517: 1273:

was the first European to encounter the Hawaiian Islands, on his Pacific

1108: 396: 381: 199: 2992: 2601: 1646: 1509: 1398:) was a member of the House of Kamehameha through his mother. Liholiho ( 1159: 1104: 774:

in distress and is the main symbol of the Hawaiian sovereignty movement.

8975: 8913: 8832: 8072: 8037: 7404: 7020: 5951: 5932: 5675: 5454: 5073: 4990: 3458: 3431: 3119: 3016: 3008: 2939: 2868: 2733: 2651: 2466: 1485:. His reign ended due to his early death from tuberculosis at age 39. 1436: 1270: 1207: 997: 327: 7313: 4679: 3182: 1116: 9562: 9334: 9324: 8893: 8200: 8087: 7731: 7706: 7701: 7514: 7385: 7318: 6990: 6597: 5450: 5199: 4983: 3193:

of Hawaiʻi, the site of coronations, royal christenings and funerals.

3131: 2701:

returned and as reparation Kamehameha III donated land for a church.

2558: 2521: 1748:. The committee and members of the former government both lobbied in 4476:"Lā Kūʻokoʻa: Events Leading to Independence Day, November 28, 1843" 2954: 1194:. The Committee of Safety dissolved the kingdom and established the 1112: 9471: 9354: 9344: 9163: 8662: 7934: 7810: 7243: 6934: 6878: 6525: 6440: 5719: 5671: 5420: 5347: 5333: 5329: 5299: 5087: 4101:"Annexation of Hawaii | University of Hawaii at Manoa Library" 3311: 3155: 2988: 2597: 2582: 2574: 2537: 1590: 1474: 1388: 1147: 1139: 217: 205: 6710: 2503: 1096: 9364: 9319: 9294: 8848: 8557: 8175: 8128: 8067: 7991: 7945: 6985: 6434: 5767: 5727: 5320: 5077: 5036: 4861: 4131:

Overthrow: America's Century of Regime Change from Hawaii to Iraq

3565:. Vol. 1. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. p. 51. 3048: 2609: 1661: 1151: 1120: 252: 193: 3432:

Trudy Ring; Noelle Watson; Paul Schellinger (November 5, 2013).

9446: 9359: 8622: 8522: 8165: 8021: 7663: 6837: 6444: 5819: 5584: 5362: 4964: 3111: 2214: 1820: 1585:

indulged the expenses of Kalākaua and attempted to establish a

848: 726: 3071:'s peaceful surrender, Kauaʻi and Niʻihau joined the kingdom. 1461: 1451:

Alexander Liholiho, Kamehameha IV, (r. 1854–1863), introduced

7903: 7030: 5945: 5667: 5139: 4693:

Hawaii: A History, from Polynesian Kingdom to American State.

3562:

The Hawaiian Kingdom 1778–1854, Foundation and Transformation

3087: 2903:

Flier for the 30th anniversary celebration of the 1843 treaty

2783: 2557:

and uniforms including helmets made of natural materials and

2554: 2518: 1481:, grandnephew of Kamehameha I, became Hawaiʻi's first of two 1473:

Bishop's refusal to take the crown forced the legislature to

1333: 4779:

And the View from the Shore: Literary Traditions of Hawai'i.

2553:

under Kamehameha I. The army and navy used both traditional

1225:, which calls for Hawaiian independence from American rule. 9329: 8170: 8160: 8150: 8133: 5496: 4205: 3090:, as her generation had only known of it through songs and 3052: 3044: 1329: 1100: 3766:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (published 1993). 3331:

Kanahele, George S. (1995). "Kamehameha's First Capital".

2549:

The Hawaiian army and navy developed from the warriors of

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Hawaiian Kingdom 1778–1854, foundation and transformation

4698: 4646:

The American Frontier in Hawaii: The Pioneers, 1789–1843.

3952:

Humanities, National Endowment for the (March 24, 1891).

3883:

Humanities, National Endowment for the (March 31, 1891).

3678: 3651: 3435:

The Americas: International Dictionary of Historic Places

3282:

List of bilateral treaties signed by the Hawaiian Kingdom

2754:

Done at Honolulu, Oahu, this 25th day of February, 1843.

2645:'s rule, Catholicism was illegal in Hawaiʻi, and in 1831 1496:, in a contested election, beginning the second dynasty. 27:

Sovereign state on the Hawaiian Islands from 1795 to 1893

4568:

Humanities, National Endowment for the (July 20, 1844).

4322:

The American frontier in Hawaii: the pioneers, 1789–1843

4307:

Pau Hana: Plantation Life and Labor in Hawaii, 1835–1920

3365:

1,000 Places to See in the USA and Canada Before You Die

3059:

had conquered Maui and Molokaʻi five years prior in the

2875:

recognized Hawaiian independence at the urging of King

2608:. The U.S. maintained a policy of keeping at least one 4774:

Durham, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2017.

3512: 3031:, officially declared by King Kamehameha III in 1844. 2627:, the Kingdom's military was disarmed and disbanded. 1815:

Queen Liliuokalani, "Hawaii's Story By Hawaii's Queen"

1711:

summoned a company of uniformed U.S. Marines from the

109:"The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness" 9931: 6550: 5683:. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by the 3302:

United States federal recognition of Native Hawaiians

4455: 3705: 3238: 10024:

Former regions and territories of the United States

3655:

K_ Kanaka, Stand Tall: A Search for Hawaiian Values

3604:. Honolulu: Papapai Mahu Press Publishing Company. 3485: 1528:, widow of Kamehameha IV, was nominated along with 1119:voluntarily joined the Hawaiian Kingdom. Two major 4653: 4346: 4248: 4184: 3545:. Engineering Magazine Company. 1892. p. 286. 3459:Patrick Vinton Kirch; Thérèse I. Babineau (1996). 2483:Queen Kaʻahumanu eliminated various prohibitions ( 1593:to Samoa in 1887. It resulted in suspicion by the 4723:Hawaiian Kingdom 1854–1874, twenty critical years 4691:Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson, and Arthur Grove Day. 3760:Quanchi, Max; Adams, Ron, eds. (March 22, 1993). 3679:E.S. Craighill Handy; Davis (December 21, 2012). 2955:Princes and chiefs who were eligible to be rulers 2593:, many of which conflicted with American claims. 1364: 9955: 7888:International Military Tribunal for the Far East 4744:Hawaiian Kingdom 1874–1893, the Kalakaua Dynasty 4656:Shoal of Time: A History of the Hawaiian Islands 4303: 3452: 3361: 1578:, but it was never ratified by the legislature. 7858:German pre–World War II industrial co-operation 4786:The warrior king: Hawaii's Kamehameha the Great 4781:Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2015. 4648:Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1942. 4536: 4228:. University of Hawaiʻi Press. pp. 30–44. 3334:Waikiki, 100 B.C. to 1900 A.D.: An Untold Story 2967:and his wife. The eligible princes and chiefs: 1641: 6847: 4605:Hawaii's Story by Hawaii's Queen, Liliuokalani 3672: 3388: 3208:. He died before it was completed. Later, the 1792:On January 24, 1895, while under house arrest 1074: 150: 140: 130: 39: 9989:States and territories disestablished in 1893 9527: 7919: 6726: 6210: 4883: 4431:"The US Navy and Hawaii-A Historical Summary" 3425: 3086:traveled with Captain William Sumner to find 2604:but failed to stop the 1887 Rebellion by the 2446: 1265:, who became the earth mother goddess of the 1178:unit recruited from American settlers. Queen 1042: 6645:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha 6628:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 6506:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 4598: 4482:. Vol. XXI, no. 3. November 2000. 4458:"An unpublished chapter of Hawaiian History" 4340: 4211: 4157:To Steal a Kingdom: Probing Hawaiian History 4036:Hawaii's Story by Hawaii's Queen, Appendix A 3759: 3645: 3506: 3222: 2894: 1821:Economic, social and cultural transformation 1420:) were direct sons of Kamehameha the Great. 7210:Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office 4747:. Vol. 3. University of Hawaii Press. 4726:. Vol. 2. University of Hawaii Press. 4705:. Vol. 1. University of Hawaii Press. 4353:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 146. 4146:. New York: Russell & Russell. (p. 228) 3923:"Nuhou 3 February 1874 — Papakilo Database" 3823:with Europeans, both visitors and settlers. 3709:N_ Pua Aliì O Kauaì: Ruling Chiefs of Kauaì 3699: 3658:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 399. 3492:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 296. 3382: 3324: 1462:Succession crisis and monarchical elections 1257:class with each island ruled by a separate 9984:States and territories established in 1795 9534: 9520: 7926: 7912: 6733: 6719: 6217: 6203: 4890: 4876: 4567: 4503: 4501: 3951: 3882: 3555: 3479: 3465:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 63. 3355: 2453: 2439: 1455:religion and royal habits to the kingdom. 1049: 1035: 803:US federal recognition of Native Hawaiians 178: 7608:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki 7223:Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors 3652:George Hu'eu Kanahele (January 1, 1993). 2959:In 1839, King Kamehameha III created the 2805: 2630: 1615:1887 Constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom 6996:National Spiritual Mobilization Movement 5689:Legitimacy of territorial establishment 4449: 4252:Pre-censal Population History of Hawai'i 4223: 3796: 3732: 3330: 3181: 3169: 2898: 2719: 1682: 1645: 1604: 1503: 1324:. Although successful in attacking both 1299: 1202:. Hawaii became part of the U.S. as the 460:Partial occupation by the United Kingdom 4803:Islands of Destiny: A History of Hawaii 4498: 4180: 4178: 4144:American Expansion in Hawaii, 1842–1898 4002: 3864:from the original on September 20, 2020 3834:Kuykendall, The Hawaiian Kingdom, Vol.1 3597: 3579:from the original on September 25, 2014 3513:Roman Adrian Cybriwsky (May 23, 2013). 3489:The Uniting States: Alabama to Kentucky 2841:and captured Honolulu Fort, spiked the 2832:. De Tromelin made ten demands to King 2751:restored when my conduct is justified. 2709: 1600: 14: 9956: 7961:List of current non-sovereign monarchs 7806:Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere 6674:Historical flags of the British Empire 6658:Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985 4543:Hawaiian Kingdom Independence web site 4532: 4530: 3622: 3395:. Hunter Publishing, Inc. p. 81. 2596:The royal guards were disbanded under 1154:, leading to the rapid decline of the 9974:Former countries of the United States 9795:The Great Republic of Rough and Ready 9515: 8191: 7907: 6714: 6549: 6461: 6198: 5707: 5379: 5054: 4947: 4871: 4818:"Index to Hawaiian Kingdom Genealogy" 4815: 4686:Captive Paradise: A History of Hawaii 4537:David Keanu Sai (November 28, 2006). 4265:from the original on November 2, 2018 3933:from the original on February 7, 2021 3706:Frederick B. Wichman (January 2003). 3292:Privy Council of the Hawaiian Kingdom 3210:Supreme Court of the State of Hawaiʻi 3034: 7215:Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff 6971:Imperial Rule Assistance Association 4651: 4381:from the original on October 7, 2013 4226:Who Owns the Crown Lands of Hawaiʻi? 4175: 3307:Coat of Arms of the Hawaiian Kingdom 2849: 1589:, sending the "homemade battleship" 1304:Hawaiian military officer, 1819 (by 9563:Kingdoms and Provinces of New Spain 7878:Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman 7125:East Asia Development Board (Kōain) 6740: 6485:Saint Andrew and Providence Islands 5328:. British Cameroons is now part of 4699:Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson (1965) . 4639:Working in Hawaii: A Labor History. 4527: 4515:from the original on March 17, 2016 4411:from the original on March 26, 2014 4008: 3039:The Kingdom formed in 1795. In the 2668:sailed to Hawaiʻi under orders to: 1576:proposed a new constitution in 1893 1499: 491:August 22, 1849 – September 5, 1849 24: 7956:List of current sovereign monarchs 5344:unilaterally declared independence 5039:1708–1757, 1763–1782 and 1798–1802 4741:Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson (1967). 4720:Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson (1953). 4641:University of Hawaii Press, 1985. 4631: 4437:from the original on April 8, 2010 4350:Working in Hawaii: A Labor History 4324:(Stanford university press, 1942). 4081:from the original on March 4, 2007 4017:from the original on June 29, 2020 3972:from the original on July 30, 2019 3903:from the original on July 30, 2019 3736:Old Time Hawaiians and Their Works 3389:Bryan Fryklund (January 4, 2011). 2699:Roman Catholic Diocese of Honolulu 1707:United States Government Minister 1558:, followed by her sister Princess 911:125th anniversary of the overthrow 161: 25: 10040: 6551:Antarctica and the South Atlantic 6530:Occupied by Argentina during the 6462: 5708: 4809: 4549:from the original on June 2, 2010 4486:from the original on May 15, 2011 4464:. Vol. 67. pp. 511–520. 4188:The Hawaiian Revolution (1893–94) 4111:from the original on May 26, 2022 3685:. Tuttle Publishing. p. 77. 2790:Ua Mau ke Ea o ka ʻĀina i ka Pono 1752:for their respective positions. 1725: 1679:Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom 788:Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom 104:Ua Mau ke Ea o ka ʻĀina i ka Pono 10014:1893 disestablishments in Hawaii 9941: 9916: 9915: 9896:Provisional Government of Hawaii 9777:Provisional Government of Oregon 9696:Provisional Government of Mexico 8474:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 7578:Soviet–Japanese border conflicts 6846: 6694: 6685: 6684: 6097:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 4695:New York: Prentice Hall, 1961. 4576:from the original on May 9, 2019 4191:. Susquehanna University Press. 3800:A History of the Pacific Islands 3739:. Gin and Company. p. 127. 3241: 3165: 2891:under their present sovereign." 2625:Provisional Government of Hawaii 2577:'s rebellion on Kauaʻi in 1824. 2411: 1848: 1742:Provisional Government of Hawaii 1492:defeated Kamehameha IV's widow, 1340:society, transforming it into a 1015:Hawaii's Story by Hawaii's Queen 906:2008 occupation of Iolani Palace 760: 698: 684: 680:Provisional Government of Hawaii 670: 645: 631: 617: 79: 65: 9969:Pre-statehood history of Hawaii 7951:Imperial, royal and noble ranks 7593:Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact 4592: 4561: 4468: 4423: 4393: 4367: 4327: 4314: 4297: 4242: 4217: 4170:The Journal of Economic History 4162: 4149: 4136: 4123: 4093: 4067: 4048: 4029: 3984: 3945: 3915: 3876: 3846: 3837: 3828: 3790: 3753: 3726: 3616: 3591: 3549: 3257:Cabinet of the Hawaiian Kingdom 2816:In August 1849, French admiral 2245:State Constitutional Convention 1415: 1404: 1393: 865:Hawaiian rebellions (1887–1895) 7933: 7848:Japanese settlers in Manchuria 6966:Imperial Rescript on Education 6593:Australian Antarctic Territory 5449:since 1965 (before as part of 5446:British Indian Ocean Territory 5332:, while Tanganyika is part of 4963:since 1960 (before as part of 4660:. University of Hawaii Press. 3712:. University of Hawaii Press. 3533: 3409: 3287:List of missionaries to Hawaii 3154:of 1856. The Stewart Islands ( 2679:Under the threat of war, King 1365:Kamehameha dynasty (1795–1874) 13: 1: 10009:1795 establishments in Hawaii 9807:Confederate States of America 7299:Imperial Way Faction (Kōdōha) 7205:Imperial General Headquarters 6796:Foreign commerce and shipping 4456:James F. B. Marshall (1883). 4249:Tom Dye; Eric Komori (1992). 4142:Stevens, Sylvester K. (1968) 3317: 3267:Hawaiian sovereignty movement 2591:Northwestern Hawaiian Islands 1874: 1781:. In 1895 they attempted the 1312:The warrior chief who became 1223:Hawaiian sovereignty movement 9979:Former monarchies of Oceania 9801:The Kingdom of Beaver Island 7966:List of monarchy referendums 7626:Hirohito surrender broadcast 7026:Greater East Asia Conference 4904:British Overseas Territories 4688:(St. Martin's Press, 2014). 4185:Russ, William Adam (1992) . 4155:Dougherty, Michael. (1992). 4013:. Brigham Young University. 3629:University of Nebraska Press 3486:Benjamin F. Shearer (2004). 3368:. Workman Pub. p. 932. 2704: 1672: 1642:Liliʻuokalani's Constitution 510:• Forced abdication of 486:Partial occupation by France 273:Semi-constitutional monarchy 7: 7011:Supreme Court of Judicature 6620:British Antarctic Territory 6330:Western Pacific Territories 6224: 4608:. Boston: Lee and Shepard. 4539:"Hawaiian Independence Day" 4347:Edward D. Beechert (1985). 4060:September 28, 2007, at the 3598:Spencer, Thomas P. (1895). 3234: 3102:, including Holoikauaua or 2812:French invasion of Honolulu 2800:Sovereignty Restoration Day 2544: 2265:Occupation of Iolani Palace 1953:French invasion of Honolulu 1095:, conquered the islands of 953:Sovereignty Restoration Day 793:Opposition to the overthrow 694:French invasion of Honolulu 653:French invasion of Honolulu 465:February 25 – July 31, 1843 10: 10045: 9771:Republic of the Rio Grande 7717:Second Philippine Republic 7495:Manchuria–Mongolia problem 6358:Gilbert and Ellice Islands 5775:British Arctic Territories 5055: 4948: 4854:November 21, 2008, at the 3996:U.S. National Park Service 3733:Lawrence, Mary S. (1912). 3438:. Routledge. p. 315. 3339:University of Hawaii Press 2809: 2713: 2634: 2187:Honouliuli Internment Camp 2003:Rebellions and revolutions 1729: 1676: 1581:Kalākaua's prime minister 1368: 1243: 1232: 1228: 1156:Native Hawaiian population 973:Proposed 1893 Constitution 937:Office of Hawaiian Affairs 9911: 9753:Republic of Indian Stream 9558: 9378: 9287: 9001: 8764: 8698: 8510: 8501: 8397: 8379: 8311: 8226: 8184: 8116: 8030: 7974: 7941: 7825: 7798: 7740: 7694: 7651: 7644: 7598:Japan during World War II 7558:Pacification of Manchukuo 7528: 7458: 7450:Invasion of Taiwan (1895) 7445:Invasion of Taiwan (1874) 7383: 7376: 7327: 7314:Control Faction (Tōseiha) 7267: 7193: 7186: 7133: 7051: 7044: 7036:Imperial Japanese Airways 6943: 6890: 6855: 6844: 6748: 6669: 6638: 6598:Commonwealth of Australia 6556: 6545: 6516: 6468: 6457: 6423: 6230: 6194: 6000:Newfoundland and Labrador 5714: 5703: 5681:League of Nations mandate 5662: 5386: 5375: 5356:Lancaster House Agreement 5326:League of Nations mandate 5315: 5061: 5050: 4954: 4943: 4910: 4841:November 6, 2019, at the 4304:Ronald T. Takaki (1984). 4129:Kinzer, Stephen. (2006). 3557:Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson 3519:. ABC-CLIO. p. 352. 3362:Patricia Schultz (2007). 3229:Hawaiian royal residences 3223:Palaces and royal grounds 2961:Chief's Children's School 2895:Anglo-Franco Proclamation 1568:Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole 1564:David Laʻamea Kawānanakoa 1239: 932:Home Rule Party of Hawaii 919:Parties and organizations 714: 596: 580: 576: 566: 556: 546: 536: 532: 525: 521: 508: 495: 482: 473:Anglo-Franco Proclamation 469: 456: 443: 430: 420: 416: 408: 393: 378: 368: 364: 352: 342:• 1819–1832 (first) 340: 336: 326: 322: 310: 300:• 1795–1819 (first) 298: 294: 284: 263: 251: 241: 227: 186: 177: 116: 95: 61: 56: 34: 9715:Santa Fe de Nuevo México 9690:Second Republic of Texas 9684:Republic of the Floridas 9672:Republic of East Florida 9666:Republic of West Florida 9630:United States of America 9574:Santa Fe de Nuevo México 9550:within the contemporary 8103:Self-proclaimed monarchy 7573:Second Sino-Japanese War 7520:Racial Equality Proposal 7100:Agriculture and Commerce 6128:Turks and Caicos Islands 5435:(protectorate) 1907–1949 5380: 5007:(integrated into the UK) 4075:"U.S. Navy History site" 4041:August 21, 2007, at the 3927:www.papakilodatabase.com 2873:Louis Philippe of France 2517:The elites promoted the 2498:was promulgated by King 1885:Battle of Kealakekua Bay 1870:Discovery and settlement 1805:and Prince Jonah Kūhiō: 1587:Polynesian Confederation 1554:, then to Queen Consort 870:Wilcox rebellion of 1889 403:House of Representatives 354:• 1863–1864 (last) 312:• 1891–1893 (last) 9678:First Republic of Texas 8371:Vatican City (Holy See) 7490:Washington Naval Treaty 7435:Anglo–Japanese Alliance 7420:First Sino-Japanese War 7239:Nuclear weapons program 6981:Great Japan Youth Party 6908:National seals of Japan 6411:1919–1942 and 1945–1968 6236:18th and 19th centuries 6052:Queen Charlotte Islands 6012:North-Western Territory 5984:1665–1674 and 1702–1776 5587:1781–1784 and 1795–1819 5252:1923–1965 and 1979–1980 4935:Commonwealth of Nations 4795:72#.3 (2000): 521–552. 4678:50, 2 (2015), 119–140. 4626:– via HathiTrust. 4055:Morgan Report, p804-805 3843:Kuykendall, THK, Vol. 2 3297:Supreme Court of Hawaii 3272:Hawaii–Tahiti relations 3212:occupied the building. 2275:Honolulu molasses spill 1623:constitutional monarchy 1512:meeting U.S. President 1488:Upon Lunalilo's death, 1379:(1795 to 1874) and the 1342:constitutional monarchy 1162:was forced to accept a 1123:ruled the kingdom, the 1075: 447:Constitutional monarchy 278:Constitutional monarchy 151: 141: 131: 40: 10019:19th century in Hawaii 8653:Islands of Refreshment 8083:Legitimacy (political) 7538:Shōwa financial crisis 7330:Imperial Japanese Navy 7270:Imperial Japanese Army 7001:Peace Preservation Law 6161:West Indies Federation 5350:) and continued as an 4933:Current member of the 4822:web page on "Rootsweb" 4224:Van Dyke, Jon (2008). 3392:Hawaii: The Big Island 3277:Legal status of Hawaii 3194: 3179: 3178:to signify annexation. 3104:Pearl and Hermes Atoll 2935: 2904: 2806:French invasion (1849) 2762: 2728:On February 13, 1843. 2725: 2664:of the French frigate 2631:French Incident (1839) 2235:Kalama Valley protests 2167:Attack on Pearl Harbor 1818: 1801:, Prince Kawānanakoa, 1697: 1653: 1610: 1521: 1309: 829:Provisional Government 798:Legal status of Hawaii 172: 133:E Ola Ke Aliʻi Ke Akua 9747:Republic of Madawaska 9648:Trans-Oconee Republic 8464:Saint Kitts and Nevis 8053:Criticism of monarchy 8043:Abolition of monarchy 7480:Siberian Intervention 7289:Railways and Shipping 7105:Commerce and Industry 6801:Industrial production 6083:Saint Kitts and Nevis 5354:state until the 1979 4960:Akrotiri and Dhekelia 3992:"Queen Lili'uokalani" 3185: 3173: 3128:French Frigate Shoals 3043:Kamehameha conquered 2910: 2902: 2769:Richard Darton Thomas 2745: 2723: 2335:Red Hill water crisis 2325:George Floyd protests 2197:Democratic Revolution 1923:Unification of Hawaii 1807: 1803:Robert William Wilcox 1783:1895 Wilcox rebellion 1764:occurred between the 1732:1895 Wilcox rebellion 1686: 1649: 1608: 1566:, and finally Prince 1507: 1468:Bernice Pauahi Bishop 1332:, he failed to annex 1303: 1246:Unification of Hawaii 885:1895 Wilcox rebellion 434:Unification of Hawaii 228:Common languages 171: 143:He Mele Lāhui Hawaiʻi 9741:Republic of Fredonia 8296:United Arab Emirates 7893:Political dissidence 7742:Occupied territories 7485:General Election Law 7309:Taiwan Army of Japan 6611:Realm of New Zealand 6609:(transferred to the 6596:(transferred to the 6429:Realm of New Zealand 6030:Prince Edward Island 5908:1671–1816, 1833–1960 4784:Tregaskis, Richard. 4763:Siler, Julia Flynn. 4652:Daws, Gavan (1968). 4637:Beechert, Edward D. 4377:. Hawaiian Kingdom. 4375:"Hawaiian Territory" 3958:The Hawaiian Gazette 3889:The Hawaiian Gazette 3623:Schulz, Joy (2017). 3542:Engineering Magazine 3100:Hawaiian Archipelago 3005:Elizabeth Kekaʻaniau 2879:. On April 1, 1843, 2877:Leopold I of Belgium 2710:Paulet Affair (1843) 2399:Timeline of Honolulu 2389:Sovereignty movement 2225:Hawaii Admission Act 2117:Hawaiian Organic Act 1993:Bayonet Constitution 1601:Bayonet Constitution 1572:Elizabeth Kekaʻaniau 1314:Kamehameha the Great 1277:(1776–1780). He was 1215:United States Senate 1065:, also known as the 988:Hawaiian Organic Act 968:Bayonet Constitution 901:Hawaiian Renaissance 857:Historical conflicts 752:Hawaiian sovereignty 9890:Free State of Jones 9783:California Republic 9618:Republic of Watauga 9586:Provincias Internas 9548:unrecognized states 9492:Trinidad and Tobago 9379:Commonwealth realms 9264:United Baltic Duchy 8407:Antigua and Barbuda 8399:Commonwealth realms 8093:Order of succession 7712:Wang Jingwei regime 7622:Potsdam Declaration 7613:Soviet–Japanese War 7568:Anti-Comintern Pact 7563:January 28 incident 7548:London Naval Treaty 7425:Triple Intervention 7254:Supreme War Council 7138:deliberative bodies 6642:Since 2009 part of 6534:of April–June 1982. 6121:Trinidad and Tobago 5735:Antigua and Barbuda 5635:Straits Settlements 4793:American Literature 4777:Sumida, Stephen H. 4644:Bradley, Harold W. 4333:Julia Flynn Siler, 4320:Harold W. Bradley, 3421:. 1991. p. 14. 3341:. pp. 90–102. 3061:Battle of Kepaniwai 2685:Edict of Toleration 2295:False missile alert 2107:Territory of Hawaii 2041:Leper War on Kauaʻi 1720:Committee of Safety 1479:William C. Lunalilo 1409:) and Kauikeaouli ( 1377:House of Kamehameha 1371:House of Kamehameha 1204:Territory of Hawaii 1200:Newlands Resolution 1188:Committee of Safety 1125:House of Kamehameha 1093:Aliʻi nui of Hawaii 983:Newlands Resolution 945:Documents and ideas 880:Black Week (Hawaii) 875:Leper War on Kauaʻi 834:Government in Exile 512:Queen Liliʻuokalani 499:Monarchy overthrown 9902:Republic of Hawaii 9598:Florida Occidental 7440:Russo-Japanese War 7410:Two Lords Incident 7065:Imperial Household 5794:Cape Breton Island 5685:Anglo-Iraqi Treaty 5527:Unfederated States 5342:Southern Rhodesia 4929:Commonwealth realm 4849:Monarchy in Hawaii 4836:Monarchy in Hawaii 4816:Soszynski, Henry. 4009:McBride, Spencer. 3631:. pp. 1–238. 3195: 3180: 3176:United States flag 3126:, Kānemilohaʻi or 3106:, Mokumanamana or 3035:Territorial extent 2973:Alexander Liholiho 2905: 2864:Sir George Simpson 2730:Lord George Paulet 2726: 2724:Lord George Paulet 2573:later in 1819 and 2079:Counter-Revolution 2069:Republic of Hawaii 1983:Reciprocity Treaty 1963:American Civil War 1913:Kamehameha dynasty 1746:Republic of Hawaii 1736:On July 17, 1893, 1698: 1654: 1619:Lorrin A. Thurston 1611: 1552:Victoria Kaʻiulani 1548:line of succession 1522: 1310: 1219:Apology Resolution 1206:until it became a 1196:Republic of Hawaii 1186:engineered by the 1176:volunteer military 1067:Kingdom of Hawaiʻi 993:Apology Resolution 173: 18:Kingdom of Hawaiʻi 10029:Former monarchies 9929: 9928: 9765:Republic of Texas 9660:State of Muskogee 9642:State of Franklin 9509: 9508: 9505: 9504: 9194:Piedmont-Sardinia 8946:Sip Song Chau Tai 8756:Thirteen Colonies 8497: 8496: 7901: 7900: 7873:Socialist thought 7821: 7820: 7760:Dutch East Indies 7722:Empire of Vietnam 7640: 7639: 7415:Satsuma Rebellion 7395:Meiji Restoration 7372: 7371: 7182: 7181: 7120:Greater East Asia 7006:Political parties 6961:Foreign relations 6708: 6707: 6665: 6664: 6541: 6540: 6473:Providence Island 6453: 6452: 6418: 6417: 6286:Western Australia 6254:Van Diemen's Land 6190: 6189: 6167:Associated States 5865:Columbia District 5699: 5698: 5553:Manila and Cavite 5371: 5370: 5250:Southern Rhodesia 5244:South-West Africa 5194:Northern Rhodesia 5106:Cape of Good Hope 5046: 5045: 4923:Current territory 4862:Kingdom of Hawaii 4801:Wyndette, Olive. 4770:Silva, Noenoe K. 4754:978-0-87022-433-1 4733:978-0-87022-432-4 4615:978-0-548-22265-2 4462:Harper's magazine 4360:978-0-8248-0890-7 4258:. NA. p. 3. 4212:Liliuokalani 1898 4198:978-0-945636-43-4 4105:libweb.hawaii.edu 3746:978-1-146-32462-5 3719:978-0-8248-2638-3 3692:978-1-4629-0438-9 3665:978-0-8248-1500-4 3526:978-1-61069-248-9 3499:978-0-313-33105-3 3472:978-0-8248-1816-6 3445:978-1-134-25930-4 3402:978-1-58843-637-5 3375:978-0-7611-4738-1 3348:978-0-8248-1790-9 3191:Westminster Abbey 3187:Kawaiahaʻo Church 3152:Guano Islands Act 3136:Gardner Pinnacles 3041:Battle of Nuʻuanu 3021:James Kaliokalani 2981:Victoria Kamāmalu 2856:Timoteo Haʻalilio 2850:Foreign relations 2489:Hawaiian language 2463: 2462: 2394:Sugar plantations 2353: 2352: 2315:COVID-19 pandemic 2205: 2204: 2137:Hanapēpē Massacre 2127:Oahu sugar strike 2097: 2096: 2059: 2058: 2021: 2020: 1893: 1892: 1841:History of Hawaii 1625:like that of the 1267:Hawaiian religion 1235:History of Hawaii 1129:House of Kalākaua 1121:dynastic families 1076:Ke Aupuni Hawaiʻi 1059: 1058: 927:Aloha ʻĀina Party 737: 736: 710: 709: 706: 705: 658: 657: 478:November 28, 1843 422:• Inception 268:Absolute monarchy 169: 125:God Save the King 41:Ke Aupuni Hawai‘i 16:(Redirected from 10036: 10004:Island countries 9999:Christian states 9964:Hawaiian Kingdom 9946: 9945: 9944: 9937: 9919: 9918: 9789:State of Deseret 9759:Indian Territory 9727:Coahuila y Tejas 9721:Sonora y Sinaloa 9654:Hawaiian Kingdom 9636:Vermont Republic 9592:Florida Oriental 9536: 9529: 9522: 9513: 9512: 9433:Irish Free State 9199:Poland–Lithuania 8508: 8507: 8459:Papua New Guinea 8189: 8188: 7928: 7921: 7914: 7905: 7904: 7863:Shinmin no Michi 7853:Internment camps 7765:French Indochina 7649: 7648: 7500:Taishō Democracy 7381: 7380: 7304:Japanese holdout 7191: 7190: 7115:Colonial Affairs 7049: 7048: 6976:Yokusan Sonendan 6882: 6874: 6866: 6850: 6849: 6776:Economic history 6735: 6728: 6721: 6712: 6711: 6698: 6688: 6687: 6653:Antarctic Treaty 6614: 6601: 6586:Falkland Islands 6578:Tristan da Cunha 6570:Ascension Island 6547: 6546: 6498:Falkland Islands 6459: 6458: 6427:Now part of the 6299:Pitcairn Islands 6264:Auckland Islands 6233: 6232: 6219: 6212: 6205: 6196: 6195: 6181:Windward Islands 6135:Vancouver Island 5912:MassachusettsBay 5781:British Columbia 5705: 5704: 5521:Federated States 5377: 5376: 5287:Tristan da Cunha 5256:Southern Nigeria 5188:Northern Nigeria 5067:Ascension Island 5052: 5051: 5008: 4945: 4944: 4919:Former territory 4916: 4892: 4885: 4878: 4869: 4868: 4832: 4830: 4828: 4758: 4737: 4716: 4684:Haley, James L. 4671: 4659: 4627: 4586: 4585: 4583: 4581: 4565: 4559: 4558: 4556: 4554: 4534: 4525: 4524: 4522: 4520: 4505: 4496: 4495: 4493: 4491: 4472: 4466: 4465: 4453: 4447: 4446: 4444: 4442: 4427: 4421: 4420: 4418: 4416: 4397: 4391: 4390: 4388: 4386: 4371: 4365: 4364: 4344: 4338: 4331: 4325: 4318: 4312: 4311: 4301: 4295: 4294: 4288: 4284: 4282: 4274: 4272: 4270: 4264: 4257: 4246: 4240: 4239: 4221: 4215: 4209: 4203: 4202: 4182: 4173: 4166: 4160: 4153: 4147: 4140: 4134: 4127: 4121: 4120: 4118: 4116: 4097: 4091: 4090: 4088: 4086: 4071: 4065: 4052: 4046: 4033: 4027: 4026: 4024: 4022: 4006: 4000: 3999: 3988: 3982: 3981: 3979: 3977: 3949: 3943: 3942: 3940: 3938: 3919: 3913: 3912: 3910: 3908: 3880: 3874: 3873: 3871: 3869: 3850: 3844: 3841: 3835: 3832: 3826: 3825: 3819: 3817: 3794: 3788: 3787: 3782: 3780: 3757: 3751: 3750: 3730: 3724: 3723: 3703: 3697: 3696: 3676: 3670: 3669: 3649: 3643: 3642: 3620: 3614: 3613: 3601:Kaua Kuloko 1895 3595: 3589: 3588: 3586: 3584: 3553: 3547: 3546: 3537: 3531: 3530: 3510: 3504: 3503: 3483: 3477: 3476: 3456: 3450: 3449: 3429: 3423: 3422: 3413: 3407: 3406: 3386: 3380: 3379: 3359: 3353: 3352: 3328: 3262:Church of Hawaii 3251: 3246: 3245: 3244: 3189:is known as the 3158:Atoll) near the 3134:and Pūhāhonu or 3130:, Nalukākala or 3122:, Kauihelani or 3116:Lisianski Island 3114:, Papa‘āpoho or 3082:and her husband 3080:Queen Kaʻahumanu 3025:John Pitt Kīnaʻu 3017:Peter Young Kaeo 2997:Lydia Kamakaʻeha 2989:William Lunalilo 2965:Amos Starr Cooke 2889:Sandwich Islands 2860:William Richards 2643:Queen Kaʻahumanu 2606:Missionary Party 2469:was exported to 2455: 2448: 2441: 2426: 2419: 2415: 2345:Hawaii wildfires 2221: 2220: 2113: 2112: 2075: 2074: 2037: 2036: 1973:Kalākaua dynasty 1909: 1908: 1903:Hawaiian Kingdom 1879: 1878: 1219–1266 1876: 1866: 1865: 1852: 1842: 1825: 1824: 1816: 1757:Grover Cleveland 1750:Washington, D.C. 1695: 1583:Walter M. Gibson 1537:supporters, the 1500:Kalākaua dynasty 1483:elected monarchs 1428:Queen Kaʻahumanu 1419: 1418: 1825–1854 1417: 1408: 1407: 1819–1824 1406: 1397: 1396: 1873–1874 1395: 1381:Kalākaua dynasty 1338:ancient Hawaiian 1164:new constitution 1158:. In 1887, King 1085:Hawaiian Islands 1078: 1063:Hawaiian Kingdom 1051: 1044: 1037: 1022:Kaua Kuloko 1895 772:Hawaiian Kingdom 764: 739: 738: 702: 701: 688: 687: 674: 673: 662: 661: 649: 648: 635: 634: 621: 620: 614: 613: 598: 597: 517:January 24, 1895 504:January 17, 1893 439:March/April 1810 246:Church of Hawaii 182: 170: 156: 146: 136: 83: 69: 51: 43: 36:Hawaiian Kingdom 32: 31: 21: 10044: 10043: 10039: 10038: 10037: 10035: 10034: 10033: 9994:Former kingdoms 9954: 9953: 9952: 9942: 9940: 9932: 9930: 9925: 9907: 9733:Las Californias 9709:Alta California 9624:United Colonies 9610:Alta California 9554: 9540: 9510: 9501: 9426:princely states 9374: 9310:Kingdom of Fiji 9283: 9029:Austria-Hungary 8997: 8760: 8694: 8493: 8479:Solomon Islands 8393: 8375: 8307: 8222: 8180: 8112: 8058:Democratization 8026: 7970: 7937: 7932: 7902: 7897: 7883:Yasukuni Shrine 7817: 7794: 7736: 7690: 7636: 7588:Tripartite Pact 7583:Rape of Nanking 7524: 7510:Tapani incident 7454: 7430:Boxer Rebellion 7388: 7368: 7332: 7323: 7272: 7263: 7198: 7178: 7172:Representatives 7140: 7137: 7136:Legislative and 7129: 7095:Foreign Affairs 7058: 7055: 7040: 6939: 6918:Government Seal 6903:Rising Sun Flag 6886: 6880: 6872: 6864: 6851: 6842: 6744: 6742:Empire of Japan 6739: 6709: 6704: 6661: 6634: 6608: 6606:Ross Dependency 6595: 6552: 6537: 6512: 6464: 6449: 6419: 6414: 6370: 6365:Solomon Islands 6312:North Australia 6292:South Australia 6248:New South Wales 6226: 6223: 6186: 5906:Leeward Islands 5710: 5695: 5658: 5565:Muscat and Oman 5382: 5367: 5311: 5057: 5042: 5006: 4950: 4939: 4914: 4906: 4896: 4856:Wayback Machine 4843:Wayback Machine 4826: 4824: 4812: 4755: 4734: 4713: 4668: 4634: 4632:Further reading 4616: 4595: 4590: 4589: 4579: 4577: 4566: 4562: 4552: 4550: 4535: 4528: 4518: 4516: 4507: 4506: 4499: 4489: 4487: 4474: 4473: 4469: 4454: 4450: 4440: 4438: 4429: 4428: 4424: 4414: 4412: 4399: 4398: 4394: 4384: 4382: 4373: 4372: 4368: 4361: 4345: 4341: 4332: 4328: 4319: 4315: 4302: 4298: 4286: 4285: 4276: 4275: 4268: 4266: 4262: 4255: 4247: 4243: 4236: 4222: 4218: 4210: 4206: 4199: 4183: 4176: 4167: 4163: 4154: 4150: 4141: 4137: 4128: 4124: 4114: 4112: 4099: 4098: 4094: 4084: 4082: 4073: 4072: 4068: 4062:Wayback Machine 4053: 4049: 4043:Wayback Machine 4034: 4030: 4020: 4018: 4007: 4003: 3990: 3989: 3985: 3975: 3973: 3950: 3946: 3936: 3934: 3921: 3920: 3916: 3906: 3904: 3881: 3877: 3867: 3865: 3852: 3851: 3847: 3842: 3838: 3833: 3829: 3815: 3813: 3811: 3795: 3791: 3778: 3776: 3774: 3758: 3754: 3747: 3731: 3727: 3720: 3704: 3700: 3693: 3677: 3673: 3666: 3650: 3646: 3639: 3621: 3617: 3596: 3592: 3582: 3580: 3573: 3554: 3550: 3539: 3538: 3534: 3527: 3511: 3507: 3500: 3484: 3480: 3473: 3457: 3453: 3446: 3430: 3426: 3415: 3414: 3410: 3403: 3387: 3383: 3376: 3360: 3356: 3349: 3329: 3325: 3320: 3247: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3231:remain extant. 3225: 3206:Aliʻiōlani Hale 3168: 3160:Solomon Islands 3084:King Kaumualiʻi 3037: 2957: 2929: 2924: 2897: 2883:, on behalf of 2852: 2826:La Poursuivante 2822:Honolulu Harbor 2814: 2808: 2757:Kamehameha III 2718: 2712: 2707: 2662:Captain Laplace 2647:French Catholic 2639: 2633: 2547: 2459: 2430: 2424: 2417: 2403: 2355: 2354: 2218: 2215:State of Hawaii 2207: 2206: 2177:Niihau incident 2110: 2099: 2098: 2072: 2061: 2060: 2034: 2023: 2022: 1906: 1895: 1894: 1877: 1863: 1840: 1823: 1817: 1814: 1770:Empire of Japan 1738:Sanford B. Dole 1734: 1728: 1709:John L. Stevens 1693: 1681: 1675: 1658:McKinley Tariff 1644: 1617:was drafted by 1603: 1502: 1464: 1430:, who ruled as 1414: 1403: 1392: 1373: 1367: 1248: 1242: 1237: 1231: 1172:Honolulu Rifles 1083:located in the 1081:sovereign state 1055: 775: 770:represents the 753: 733: 699: 685: 671: 646: 632: 618: 592: 588:Hawaiian dollar 569: 559: 549: 542:400,000–800,000 539: 514: 501: 488: 475: 462: 452:October 8, 1840 449: 436: 423: 399: 388:House of Nobles 384: 355: 343: 313: 301: 276: 271: 223: 162: 160: 112: 91: 90: 89: 84: 76: 75: 70: 52: 45: 37: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10042: 10032: 10031: 10026: 10021: 10016: 10011: 10006: 10001: 9996: 9991: 9986: 9981: 9976: 9971: 9966: 9951: 9950: 9927: 9926: 9924: 9923: 9912: 9909: 9908: 9906: 9905: 9899: 9893: 9887: 9886: 9885: 9880: 9875: 9870: 9865: 9863:South Carolina 9860: 9858:North Carolina 9855: 9850: 9845: 9840: 9835: 9830: 9825: 9820: 9815: 9804: 9798: 9792: 9786: 9780: 9774: 9768: 9762: 9756: 9750: 9744: 9738: 9737: 9736: 9730: 9724: 9718: 9712: 9706: 9693: 9687: 9681: 9675: 9669: 9663: 9657: 9651: 9645: 9639: 9633: 9627: 9621: 9615: 9614: 9613: 9607: 9601: 9595: 9589: 9583: 9577: 9571: 9559: 9556: 9555: 9539: 9538: 9531: 9524: 9516: 9507: 9506: 9503: 9502: 9500: 9499: 9494: 9489: 9484: 9479: 9474: 9469: 9464: 9459: 9454: 9449: 9444: 9439: 9430: 9414: 9409: 9404: 9399: 9394: 9388: 9382: 9380: 9376: 9375: 9373: 9372: 9367: 9362: 9357: 9352: 9347: 9342: 9337: 9332: 9327: 9322: 9317: 9312: 9307: 9302: 9297: 9291: 9289: 9285: 9284: 9282: 9281: 9276: 9271: 9266: 9261: 9256: 9251: 9246: 9241: 9236: 9231: 9226: 9221: 9216: 9211: 9206: 9201: 9196: 9191: 9186: 9184:Ottoman Empire 9181: 9176: 9171: 9166: 9161: 9156: 9151: 9146: 9144:Kartli-Kakheti 9141: 9136: 9131: 9126: 9121: 9116: 9111: 9106: 9101: 9096: 9091: 9086: 9081: 9076: 9071: 9066: 9061: 9056: 9051: 9046: 9041: 9036: 9031: 9026: 9021: 9016: 9011: 9005: 9003: 8999: 8998: 8996: 8995: 8983: 8978: 8973: 8968: 8963: 8958: 8953: 8948: 8943: 8938: 8933: 8926: 8921: 8916: 8911: 8906: 8901: 8896: 8891: 8886: 8881: 8876: 8871: 8866: 8861: 8856: 8851: 8846: 8841: 8836: 8826: 8819: 8814: 8809: 8804: 8799: 8794: 8789: 8784: 8779: 8774: 8768: 8766: 8762: 8761: 8759: 8758: 8753: 8748: 8743: 8738: 8733: 8728: 8723: 8718: 8713: 8708: 8702: 8700: 8696: 8695: 8693: 8692: 8685: 8680: 8675: 8670: 8665: 8660: 8655: 8650: 8645: 8640: 8635: 8630: 8625: 8620: 8615: 8610: 8605: 8600: 8595: 8590: 8585: 8580: 8575: 8570: 8565: 8560: 8555: 8553:Central Africa 8550: 8545: 8540: 8535: 8530: 8525: 8520: 8514: 8512: 8505: 8499: 8498: 8495: 8494: 8492: 8491: 8489:United Kingdom 8486: 8481: 8476: 8471: 8466: 8461: 8456: 8455: 8454: 8449: 8439: 8434: 8429: 8424: 8419: 8414: 8409: 8403: 8401: 8395: 8394: 8392: 8391: 8385: 8383: 8377: 8376: 8374: 8373: 8368: 8363: 8358: 8353: 8348: 8343: 8338: 8333: 8328: 8323: 8317: 8315: 8309: 8308: 8306: 8305: 8298: 8293: 8288: 8283: 8278: 8273: 8268: 8263: 8258: 8253: 8248: 8243: 8238: 8232: 8230: 8224: 8223: 8221: 8220: 8213: 8208: 8203: 8197: 8195: 8186: 8182: 8181: 8179: 8178: 8173: 8168: 8163: 8158: 8153: 8148: 8146:Prince regnant 8143: 8142: 8141: 8131: 8126: 8120: 8118: 8114: 8113: 8111: 8110: 8105: 8100: 8095: 8090: 8085: 8080: 8075: 8070: 8065: 8063:Decolonization 8060: 8055: 8050: 8045: 8040: 8034: 8032: 8028: 8027: 8025: 8024: 8019: 8017:Personal union 8014: 8009: 8004: 7999: 7994: 7989: 7987:Constitutional 7984: 7978: 7976: 7972: 7971: 7969: 7968: 7963: 7958: 7953: 7948: 7942: 7939: 7938: 7931: 7930: 7923: 7916: 7908: 7899: 7898: 7896: 7895: 7890: 7885: 7880: 7875: 7870: 7865: 7860: 7855: 7850: 7845: 7840: 7835: 7829: 7827: 7823: 7822: 7819: 7818: 7816: 7815: 7814: 7813: 7802: 7800: 7796: 7795: 7793: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7767: 7762: 7757: 7752: 7746: 7744: 7738: 7737: 7735: 7734: 7729: 7727:State of Burma 7724: 7719: 7714: 7709: 7704: 7698: 7696: 7692: 7691: 7689: 7688: 7683: 7678: 7673: 7668: 7655: 7653: 7646: 7642: 7641: 7638: 7637: 7635: 7634: 7629: 7615: 7610: 7605: 7600: 7595: 7590: 7585: 7580: 7575: 7570: 7565: 7560: 7555: 7553:Musha Incident 7550: 7545: 7543:Jinan incident 7540: 7534: 7532: 7526: 7525: 7523: 7522: 7517: 7512: 7507: 7502: 7497: 7492: 7487: 7482: 7477: 7476: 7475: 7464: 7462: 7456: 7455: 7453: 7452: 7447: 7442: 7437: 7432: 7427: 7422: 7417: 7412: 7407: 7402: 7400:Beipu uprising 7397: 7391: 7389: 7384: 7378: 7374: 7373: 7370: 7369: 7367: 7366: 7364:Treaty Faction 7361: 7356: 7351: 7346: 7341: 7335: 7333: 7328: 7325: 7324: 7322: 7321: 7316: 7311: 7306: 7301: 7296: 7294:Imperial Guard 7291: 7286: 7281: 7275: 7273: 7268: 7265: 7264: 7262: 7261: 7256: 7251: 7246: 7241: 7236: 7235: 7234: 7219: 7218: 7217: 7212: 7201: 7199: 7194: 7188: 7184: 7183: 7180: 7179: 7177: 7176: 7175: 7174: 7169: 7159: 7154: 7149: 7143: 7141: 7134: 7131: 7130: 7128: 7127: 7122: 7117: 7112: 7107: 7102: 7097: 7092: 7087: 7082: 7077: 7072: 7067: 7061: 7059: 7054:Administration 7052: 7046: 7042: 7041: 7039: 7038: 7033: 7028: 7023: 7018: 7013: 7008: 7003: 6998: 6993: 6988: 6983: 6978: 6973: 6968: 6963: 6958: 6953: 6947: 6945: 6941: 6940: 6938: 6937: 6932: 6931: 6930: 6925: 6920: 6915: 6905: 6900: 6894: 6892: 6888: 6887: 6885: 6884: 6876: 6868: 6859: 6857: 6853: 6852: 6845: 6843: 6841: 6840: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6820: 6819: 6818: 6808: 6803: 6798: 6793: 6788: 6783: 6778: 6773: 6768: 6763: 6758: 6752: 6750: 6746: 6745: 6738: 6737: 6730: 6723: 6715: 6706: 6705: 6703: 6702: 6692: 6682: 6676: 6670: 6667: 6666: 6663: 6662: 6660: 6659: 6656: 6649: 6639: 6636: 6635: 6633: 6632: 6624: 6616: 6603: 6590: 6582: 6574: 6566: 6557: 6554: 6553: 6543: 6542: 6539: 6538: 6536: 6535: 6528: 6517: 6514: 6513: 6511: 6510: 6502: 6494: 6488: 6482: 6479:Willoughbyland 6476: 6469: 6466: 6465: 6455: 6454: 6451: 6450: 6448: 6447: 6437: 6431: 6424: 6421: 6420: 6416: 6415: 6413: 6412: 6406: 6400: 6393: 6386: 6380: 6373: 6371: 6369: 6368: 6361: 6355: 6349: 6339: 6333: 6327: 6321: 6315: 6309: 6303: 6295: 6289: 6279: 6273: 6267: 6261: 6251: 6244: 6241: 6240: 6237: 6231: 6228: 6227: 6222: 6221: 6214: 6207: 6199: 6192: 6191: 6188: 6187: 6185: 6184: 6178: 6172: 6171: 6170: 6158: 6152: 6146: 6142:Virgin Islands 6138: 6132: 6124: 6118: 6112: 6109:South Carolina 6106: 6100: 6093: 6086: 6079: 6073: 6067: 6061: 6055: 6045: 6039: 6033: 6027: 6021: 6015: 6009: 6006:North Carolina 6003: 5997: 5991: 5985: 5979: 5973: 5967: 5961: 5955: 5949: 5943: 5940:Mosquito Coast 5937: 5929: 5923: 5922: 5921: 5909: 5903: 5896: 5890: 5884: 5878: 5872: 5869:Oregon Country 5862: 5858:Cayman Islands 5854: 5848: 5847: 5846: 5840: 5834: 5828: 5816: 5809: 5803: 5797: 5791: 5790: 5789: 5778: 5772: 5764: 5757: 5751: 5745: 5738: 5731: 5724: 5715: 5712: 5711: 5701: 5700: 5697: 5696: 5694: 5693: 5687: 5678: 5663: 5660: 5659: 5657: 5656: 5650: 5647:Trucial States 5644: 5638: 5632: 5626: 5620: 5619: 5618: 5606: 5600: 5594: 5588: 5582: 5581: 5580: 5568: 5562: 5556: 5550: 5544: 5543: 5542: 5536: 5530: 5524: 5512: 5506: 5500: 5494: 5488: 5482: 5476: 5470: 5464: 5458: 5442: 5436: 5430: 5424: 5414: 5408: 5407: 5406: 5394: 5387: 5384: 5383: 5373: 5372: 5369: 5368: 5366: 5365: 5359: 5340:Self-governing 5337: 5323: 5316: 5313: 5312: 5310: 5309: 5303: 5297: 5291: 5283: 5277: 5271: 5265: 5259: 5253: 5247: 5241: 5235: 5229: 5223: 5217: 5209: 5203: 5197: 5191: 5185: 5179: 5173: 5167: 5161: 5155: 5149: 5143: 5133: 5127: 5121: 5115: 5112:Central Africa 5109: 5103: 5097: 5091: 5081: 5071: 5062: 5059: 5058: 5048: 5047: 5044: 5043: 5041: 5040: 5034: 5033: 5032: 5026: 5017: 5016: 5015: 5000: 4997:Ionian Islands 4994: 4988: 4980: 4974: 4968: 4955: 4952: 4951: 4941: 4940: 4938: 4937: 4931: 4925: 4920: 4917: 4911: 4908: 4907: 4900:British Empire 4895: 4894: 4887: 4880: 4872: 4866: 4865: 4859: 4846: 4833: 4811: 4810:External links 4808: 4807: 4806: 4799: 4789: 4782: 4775: 4768: 4761: 4760: 4759: 4753: 4738: 4732: 4717: 4711: 4689: 4682: 4672: 4666: 4649: 4642: 4633: 4630: 4629: 4628: 4614: 4594: 4591: 4588: 4587: 4560: 4526: 4497: 4480:The Polynesian 4467: 4448: 4422: 4392: 4366: 4359: 4339: 4326: 4313: 4296: 4241: 4235:978-0824832117 4234: 4216: 4214:, p. 275. 4204: 4197: 4174: 4161: 4159:. (p. 167-168) 4148: 4135: 4122: 4092: 4066: 4047: 4028: 4001: 3983: 3944: 3914: 3875: 3845: 3836: 3827: 3809: 3789: 3772: 3752: 3745: 3725: 3718: 3698: 3691: 3671: 3664: 3644: 3638:978-0803285897 3637: 3615: 3590: 3571: 3548: 3532: 3525: 3505: 3498: 3478: 3471: 3451: 3444: 3424: 3408: 3401: 3381: 3374: 3354: 3347: 3322: 3321: 3319: 3316: 3315: 3314: 3309: 3304: 3299: 3294: 3289: 3284: 3279: 3274: 3269: 3264: 3259: 3253: 3252: 3236: 3233: 3224: 3221: 3217:ʻIolani Palace 3167: 3164: 3144:Johnston Atoll 3118:, Hōlanikū or 3036: 3033: 3029:Mary Paʻaʻāina 3013:Abigail Maheha 3001:Bernice Pauahi 2993:David Kalākaua 2977:Lot Kamehameha 2969:Moses Kekūāiwa 2956: 2953: 2896: 2893: 2885:Queen Victoria 2851: 2848: 2839:skeleton force 2834:Kamehameha III 2818:Louis Tromelin 2810:Main article: 2807: 2804: 2796:Lā Hoʻihoʻi Ea 2765:Gerrit P. Judd 2714:Main article: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2695: 2694: 2681:Kamehameha III 2677: 2676: 2637:Laplace affair 2635:Main article: 2632: 2629: 2546: 2543: 2500:Kamehameha III 2461: 2460: 2458: 2457: 2450: 2443: 2435: 2432: 2431: 2429: 2428: 2421: 2408: 2405: 2404: 2402: 2401: 2396: 2391: 2386: 2381: 2376: 2371: 2365: 2362: 2361: 2357: 2356: 2351: 2350: 2347: 2341: 2340: 2337: 2331: 2330: 2327: 2321: 2320: 2317: 2311: 2310: 2307: 2305:Hurricane Lane 2301: 2300: 2297: 2291: 2290: 2287: 2281: 2280: 2277: 2271: 2270: 2267: 2261: 2260: 2257: 2251: 2250: 2247: 2241: 2240: 2237: 2231: 2230: 2227: 2219: 2217:(1959–present) 2213: 2212: 2209: 2208: 2203: 2202: 2199: 2193: 2192: 2189: 2183: 2182: 2179: 2173: 2172: 2169: 2163: 2162: 2159: 2153: 2152: 2149: 2143: 2142: 2139: 2133: 2132: 2129: 2123: 2122: 2119: 2111: 2105: 2104: 2101: 2100: 2095: 2094: 2091: 2085: 2084: 2081: 2073: 2067: 2066: 2063: 2062: 2057: 2056: 2053: 2047: 2046: 2043: 2035: 2029: 2028: 2025: 2024: 2019: 2018: 2015: 2009: 2008: 2005: 1999: 1998: 1995: 1989: 1988: 1985: 1979: 1978: 1975: 1969: 1968: 1965: 1959: 1958: 1955: 1949: 1948: 1945: 1939: 1938: 1935: 1933:Laplace affair 1929: 1928: 1925: 1919: 1918: 1915: 1907: 1901: 1900: 1897: 1896: 1891: 1890: 1887: 1881: 1880: 1872: 1864: 1858: 1857: 1854: 1853: 1845: 1844: 1836: 1835: 1822: 1819: 1812: 1779:Samuel Nowlein 1774:United Kingdom 1730:Main article: 1727: 1726:1895 rebellion 1724: 1677:Main article: 1674: 1671: 1643: 1640: 1627:United Kingdom 1602: 1599: 1562:, then Prince 1530:David Kalākaua 1501: 1498: 1490:David Kalakaua 1463: 1460: 1442:Prime Minister 1411:Kamehameha III 1387:, until 1872. 1369:Main article: 1366: 1363: 1287:Hawaiʻi Island 1283:Kealakekua Bay 1244:Main article: 1241: 1238: 1233:Main article: 1230: 1227: 1057: 1056: 1054: 1053: 1046: 1039: 1031: 1028: 1027: 1026: 1025: 1018: 1008: 1007: 1003: 1002: 1001: 1000: 995: 990: 985: 980: 978:Kūʻē Petitions 975: 970: 965: 960: 955: 947: 946: 942: 941: 940: 939: 934: 929: 921: 920: 916: 915: 914: 913: 908: 903: 895: 894: 890: 889: 888: 887: 882: 877: 872: 867: 859: 858: 854: 853: 852: 851: 846: 841: 836: 831: 826: 821: 813: 812: 808: 807: 806: 805: 800: 795: 790: 782: 781: 777: 776: 765: 757: 756: 748: 747: 735: 734: 732: 731: 730: 729: 718: 716: 712: 711: 708: 707: 704: 703: 696: 690: 689: 682: 676: 675: 668: 659: 656: 655: 650: 642: 641: 636: 628: 627: 625:Ancient Hawaii 622: 610: 609: 604: 594: 593: 591: 590: 584: 582: 578: 577: 574: 573: 570: 567: 564: 563: 560: 557: 554: 553: 550: 547: 544: 543: 540: 537: 534: 533: 530: 529: 523: 522: 519: 518: 515: 509: 506: 505: 502: 496: 493: 492: 489: 483: 480: 479: 476: 470: 467: 466: 463: 457: 454: 453: 450: 444: 441: 440: 437: 431: 428: 427: 424: 421: 418: 417: 414: 413: 410: 406: 405: 400: 394: 391: 390: 385: 379: 376: 375: 370: 366: 365: 362: 361: 356: 353: 350: 349: 344: 341: 338: 337: 334: 333: 330: 324: 323: 320: 319: 314: 311: 308: 307: 302: 299: 296: 295: 292: 291: 288: 282: 281: 265: 261: 260: 255: 249: 248: 243: 239: 238: 229: 225: 224: 222: 221: 215: 209: 203: 197: 190: 188: 184: 183: 175: 174: 159: 158: 153:Hawaiʻi Ponoʻī 148: 138: 128: 121: 114: 113: 111: 110: 107: 99: 93: 92: 85: 78: 77: 71: 64: 63: 62: 59: 58: 54: 53: 38: 35: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10041: 10030: 10027: 10025: 10022: 10020: 10017: 10015: 10012: 10010: 10007: 10005: 10002: 10000: 9997: 9995: 9992: 9990: 9987: 9985: 9982: 9980: 9977: 9975: 9972: 9970: 9967: 9965: 9962: 9961: 9959: 9949: 9939: 9938: 9935: 9922: 9914: 9913: 9910: 9903: 9900: 9897: 9894: 9891: 9888: 9884: 9883:West Virginia 9881: 9879: 9876: 9874: 9871: 9869: 9866: 9864: 9861: 9859: 9856: 9854: 9851: 9849: 9846: 9844: 9841: 9839: 9836: 9834: 9831: 9829: 9826: 9824: 9821: 9819: 9816: 9814: 9810: 9809: 9808: 9805: 9802: 9799: 9796: 9793: 9790: 9787: 9784: 9781: 9778: 9775: 9772: 9769: 9766: 9763: 9760: 9757: 9754: 9751: 9748: 9745: 9742: 9739: 9734: 9731: 9728: 9725: 9722: 9719: 9716: 9713: 9710: 9707: 9704: 9703:Mexican Texas 9700: 9699: 9697: 9694: 9691: 9688: 9685: 9682: 9679: 9676: 9673: 9670: 9667: 9664: 9661: 9658: 9655: 9652: 9649: 9646: 9643: 9640: 9637: 9634: 9631: 9628: 9625: 9622: 9619: 9616: 9611: 9608: 9605: 9602: 9599: 9596: 9593: 9590: 9587: 9584: 9581: 9578: 9575: 9572: 9569: 9566: 9565: 9564: 9561: 9560: 9557: 9553: 9552:United States 9549: 9545: 9537: 9532: 9530: 9525: 9523: 9518: 9517: 9514: 9498: 9495: 9493: 9490: 9488: 9485: 9483: 9480: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9453: 9450: 9448: 9445: 9443: 9440: 9438: 9434: 9431: 9428: 9427: 9422: 9418: 9415: 9413: 9410: 9408: 9405: 9403: 9400: 9398: 9395: 9392: 9389: 9387: 9384: 9383: 9381: 9377: 9371: 9368: 9366: 9363: 9361: 9358: 9356: 9353: 9351: 9348: 9346: 9343: 9341: 9338: 9336: 9333: 9331: 9328: 9326: 9323: 9321: 9318: 9316: 9313: 9311: 9308: 9306: 9305:Easter Island 9303: 9301: 9298: 9296: 9293: 9292: 9290: 9286: 9280: 9277: 9275: 9272: 9270: 9267: 9265: 9262: 9260: 9257: 9255: 9252: 9250: 9247: 9245: 9242: 9240: 9237: 9235: 9232: 9230: 9227: 9225: 9222: 9220: 9217: 9215: 9212: 9210: 9207: 9205: 9202: 9200: 9197: 9195: 9192: 9190: 9187: 9185: 9182: 9180: 9177: 9175: 9172: 9170: 9167: 9165: 9162: 9160: 9157: 9155: 9152: 9150: 9147: 9145: 9142: 9140: 9137: 9135: 9132: 9130: 9127: 9125: 9122: 9120: 9117: 9115: 9112: 9110: 9107: 9105: 9102: 9100: 9097: 9095: 9092: 9090: 9087: 9085: 9082: 9080: 9077: 9075: 9072: 9070: 9067: 9065: 9062: 9060: 9057: 9055: 9052: 9050: 9047: 9045: 9042: 9040: 9037: 9035: 9032: 9030: 9027: 9025: 9022: 9020: 9017: 9015: 9012: 9010: 9007: 9006: 9004: 9000: 8993: 8992: 8987: 8984: 8982: 8979: 8977: 8974: 8972: 8969: 8967: 8964: 8962: 8959: 8957: 8954: 8952: 8949: 8947: 8944: 8942: 8939: 8937: 8934: 8932: 8931: 8927: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8912: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8895: 8892: 8890: 8887: 8885: 8882: 8880: 8877: 8875: 8872: 8870: 8867: 8865: 8862: 8860: 8857: 8855: 8852: 8850: 8847: 8845: 8844:Jabal Shammar 8842: 8840: 8837: 8834: 8830: 8827: 8825: 8824: 8820: 8818: 8815: 8813: 8810: 8808: 8805: 8803: 8800: 8798: 8795: 8793: 8790: 8788: 8785: 8783: 8780: 8778: 8775: 8773: 8770: 8769: 8767: 8763: 8757: 8754: 8752: 8749: 8747: 8744: 8742: 8739: 8737: 8734: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8703: 8701: 8697: 8691: 8690: 8686: 8684: 8681: 8679: 8676: 8674: 8671: 8669: 8666: 8664: 8661: 8659: 8656: 8654: 8651: 8649: 8646: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8636: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8609: 8606: 8604: 8601: 8599: 8596: 8594: 8591: 8589: 8586: 8584: 8581: 8579: 8576: 8574: 8571: 8569: 8566: 8564: 8561: 8559: 8556: 8554: 8551: 8549: 8546: 8544: 8541: 8539: 8536: 8534: 8531: 8529: 8526: 8524: 8521: 8519: 8516: 8515: 8513: 8509: 8506: 8504: 8500: 8490: 8487: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8477: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8465: 8462: 8460: 8457: 8453: 8450: 8448: 8445: 8444: 8443: 8440: 8438: 8435: 8433: 8430: 8428: 8425: 8423: 8420: 8418: 8415: 8413: 8410: 8408: 8405: 8404: 8402: 8400: 8396: 8390: 8387: 8386: 8384: 8382: 8378: 8372: 8369: 8367: 8364: 8362: 8359: 8357: 8354: 8352: 8349: 8347: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8336:Liechtenstein 8334: 8332: 8329: 8327: 8324: 8322: 8319: 8318: 8316: 8314: 8310: 8304: 8303: 8299: 8297: 8294: 8292: 8289: 8287: 8284: 8282: 8279: 8277: 8274: 8272: 8269: 8267: 8264: 8262: 8259: 8257: 8254: 8252: 8249: 8247: 8244: 8242: 8239: 8237: 8234: 8233: 8231: 8229: 8225: 8219: 8218: 8214: 8212: 8209: 8207: 8204: 8202: 8199: 8198: 8196: 8194: 8190: 8187: 8183: 8177: 8174: 8172: 8169: 8167: 8164: 8162: 8159: 8157: 8154: 8152: 8149: 8147: 8144: 8140: 8139:Queen regnant 8137: 8136: 8135: 8132: 8130: 8127: 8125: 8122: 8121: 8119: 8115: 8109: 8106: 8104: 8101: 8099: 8098:Republicanism 8096: 8094: 8091: 8089: 8086: 8084: 8081: 8079: 8078:Head of state 8076: 8074: 8071: 8069: 8066: 8064: 8061: 8059: 8056: 8054: 8051: 8049: 8046: 8044: 8041: 8039: 8036: 8035: 8033: 8029: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8013: 8012:Non-sovereign 8010: 8008: 8005: 8003: 8000: 7998: 7995: 7993: 7990: 7988: 7985: 7983: 7980: 7979: 7977: 7973: 7967: 7964: 7962: 7959: 7957: 7954: 7952: 7949: 7947: 7944: 7943: 7940: 7936: 7929: 7924: 7922: 7917: 7915: 7910: 7909: 7906: 7894: 7891: 7889: 7886: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7864: 7861: 7859: 7856: 7854: 7851: 7849: 7846: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7838:Fukoku kyōhei 7836: 7834: 7831: 7830: 7828: 7824: 7812: 7809: 7808: 7807: 7804: 7803: 7801: 7797: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7758: 7756: 7753: 7751: 7748: 7747: 7745: 7743: 7739: 7733: 7730: 7728: 7725: 7723: 7720: 7718: 7715: 7713: 7710: 7708: 7705: 7703: 7700: 7699: 7697: 7695:Puppet states 7693: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7666: 7665: 7660: 7657: 7656: 7654: 7650: 7647: 7643: 7633: 7630: 7627: 7623: 7619: 7616: 7614: 7611: 7609: 7606: 7604: 7601: 7599: 7596: 7594: 7591: 7589: 7586: 7584: 7581: 7579: 7576: 7574: 7571: 7569: 7566: 7564: 7561: 7559: 7556: 7554: 7551: 7549: 7546: 7544: 7541: 7539: 7536: 7535: 7533: 7531: 7527: 7521: 7518: 7516: 7513: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7501: 7498: 7496: 7493: 7491: 7488: 7486: 7483: 7481: 7478: 7474: 7471: 7470: 7469: 7466: 7465: 7463: 7461: 7457: 7451: 7448: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7438: 7436: 7433: 7431: 7428: 7426: 7423: 7421: 7418: 7416: 7413: 7411: 7408: 7406: 7403: 7401: 7398: 7396: 7393: 7392: 7390: 7387: 7382: 7379: 7375: 7365: 7362: 7360: 7359:Fleet Faction 7357: 7355: 7352: 7350: 7347: 7345: 7342: 7340: 7339:General Staff 7337: 7336: 7334: 7331: 7326: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7312: 7310: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7300: 7297: 7295: 7292: 7290: 7287: 7285: 7282: 7280: 7279:General Staff 7277: 7276: 7274: 7271: 7266: 7260: 7257: 7255: 7252: 7250: 7247: 7245: 7242: 7240: 7237: 7233: 7232:military code 7231: 7227: 7226: 7225: 7224: 7220: 7216: 7213: 7211: 7208: 7207: 7206: 7203: 7202: 7200: 7197: 7192: 7189: 7185: 7173: 7170: 7168: 7165: 7164: 7163: 7162:Imperial Diet 7160: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7152:Privy Council 7150: 7148: 7145: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7132: 7126: 7123: 7121: 7118: 7116: 7113: 7111: 7108: 7106: 7103: 7101: 7098: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7070:Home Ministry 7068: 7066: 7063: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7050: 7047: 7043: 7037: 7034: 7032: 7029: 7027: 7024: 7022: 7019: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6962: 6959: 6957: 6954: 6952: 6949: 6948: 6946: 6942: 6936: 6933: 6929: 6926: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6916: 6914: 6913:Imperial Seal 6911: 6910: 6909: 6906: 6904: 6901: 6899: 6898:Flag of Japan 6896: 6895: 6893: 6889: 6883: 6877: 6875: 6869: 6867: 6861: 6860: 6858: 6854: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6817: 6814: 6813: 6812: 6809: 6807: 6804: 6802: 6799: 6797: 6794: 6792: 6789: 6787: 6784: 6782: 6779: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6769: 6767: 6764: 6762: 6759: 6757: 6754: 6753: 6751: 6747: 6743: 6736: 6731: 6729: 6724: 6722: 6717: 6716: 6713: 6701: 6697: 6693: 6691: 6683: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6672: 6671: 6668: 6657: 6654: 6650: 6647: 6646: 6641: 6640: 6637: 6630: 6629: 6625: 6622: 6621: 6617: 6612: 6607: 6604: 6599: 6594: 6591: 6588: 6587: 6583: 6580: 6579: 6575: 6572: 6571: 6567: 6564: 6563: 6559: 6558: 6555: 6548: 6544: 6533: 6532:Falklands War 6529: 6527: 6523: 6519: 6518: 6515: 6508: 6507: 6503: 6500: 6499: 6495: 6492: 6489: 6486: 6483: 6480: 6477: 6474: 6471: 6470: 6467: 6463:South America 6460: 6456: 6446: 6442: 6438: 6436: 6432: 6430: 6426: 6425: 6422: 6410: 6407: 6404: 6401: 6398: 6394: 6391: 6387: 6384: 6381: 6378: 6375: 6374: 6372: 6366: 6362: 6359: 6356: 6353: 6352:Union Islands 6350: 6347: 6343: 6340: 6337: 6334: 6331: 6328: 6325: 6322: 6319: 6316: 6313: 6310: 6307: 6304: 6301: 6300: 6296: 6293: 6290: 6287: 6283: 6280: 6277: 6274: 6271: 6268: 6265: 6262: 6259: 6255: 6252: 6249: 6246: 6245: 6243: 6242: 6238: 6235: 6234: 6229: 6220: 6215: 6213: 6208: 6206: 6201: 6200: 6197: 6193: 6182: 6179: 6176: 6173: 6168: 6165: 6164: 6162: 6159: 6156: 6153: 6150: 6147: 6144: 6143: 6139: 6136: 6133: 6130: 6129: 6125: 6122: 6119: 6116: 6113: 6110: 6107: 6104: 6101: 6098: 6094: 6091: 6087: 6084: 6080: 6077: 6074: 6071: 6068: 6065: 6064:Rupert's Land 6062: 6059: 6056: 6053: 6049: 6046: 6043: 6040: 6037: 6034: 6031: 6028: 6025: 6024:Paulet affair 6022: 6019: 6016: 6013: 6010: 6007: 6004: 6001: 5998: 5995: 5992: 5989: 5986: 5983: 5980: 5977: 5974: 5971: 5970:New Hampshire 5968: 5965: 5962: 5959: 5958:New Brunswick 5956: 5953: 5950: 5947: 5944: 5941: 5938: 5935: 5934: 5930: 5927: 5924: 5919: 5916: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5907: 5904: 5901: 5897: 5894: 5891: 5888: 5885: 5882: 5879: 5876: 5873: 5870: 5866: 5863: 5860: 5859: 5855: 5852: 5849: 5844: 5841: 5838: 5835: 5832: 5829: 5826: 5823: 5822: 5821: 5817: 5814: 5810: 5807: 5804: 5801: 5798: 5795: 5792: 5788: 5785: 5784: 5782: 5779: 5776: 5773: 5770: 5769: 5765: 5762: 5758: 5755: 5752: 5749: 5746: 5743: 5739: 5736: 5732: 5729: 5725: 5722: 5721: 5717: 5716: 5713: 5709:North America 5706: 5702: 5692: 5688: 5686: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5673: 5669: 5665: 5664: 5661: 5654: 5651: 5648: 5645: 5642: 5639: 5636: 5633: 5630: 5629:South Vietnam 5627: 5624: 5621: 5616: 5613: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5604: 5601: 5598: 5595: 5592: 5589: 5586: 5583: 5578: 5575: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5566: 5563: 5560: 5557: 5554: 5551: 5548: 5545: 5540: 5537: 5534: 5531: 5528: 5525: 5522: 5519: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5510: 5507: 5504: 5501: 5498: 5495: 5492: 5489: 5486: 5483: 5480: 5477: 5474: 5471: 5468: 5465: 5462: 5459: 5456: 5452: 5448: 5447: 5443: 5440: 5437: 5434: 5431: 5428: 5425: 5422: 5418: 5415: 5412: 5409: 5404: 5401: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5392: 5389: 5388: 5385: 5378: 5374: 5364: 5360: 5357: 5353: 5349: 5345: 5341: 5338: 5335: 5331: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5318: 5317: 5314: 5307: 5304: 5301: 5298: 5295: 5292: 5289: 5288: 5284: 5281: 5278: 5275: 5272: 5269: 5266: 5263: 5260: 5257: 5254: 5251: 5248: 5245: 5242: 5239: 5236: 5233: 5230: 5227: 5224: 5221: 5218: 5215: 5214: 5210: 5207: 5204: 5201: 5198: 5195: 5192: 5189: 5186: 5183: 5180: 5177: 5174: 5171: 5168: 5165: 5162: 5159: 5156: 5153: 5150: 5147: 5144: 5141: 5137: 5134: 5131: 5128: 5125: 5122: 5119: 5116: 5113: 5110: 5107: 5104: 5101: 5098: 5095: 5092: 5089: 5085: 5082: 5079: 5075: 5072: 5069: 5068: 5064: 5063: 5060: 5053: 5049: 5038: 5035: 5030: 5027: 5024: 5021: 5020: 5018: 5013: 5010: 5009: 5004: 5001: 4998: 4995: 4992: 4989: 4986: 4985: 4981: 4978: 4975: 4972: 4969: 4966: 4962: 4961: 4957: 4956: 4953: 4946: 4942: 4936: 4932: 4930: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4918: 4913: 4912: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4893: 4888: 4886: 4881: 4879: 4874: 4873: 4870: 4863: 4860: 4857: 4853: 4850: 4847: 4844: 4840: 4837: 4834: 4823: 4819: 4814: 4813: 4804: 4800: 4798: 4794: 4790: 4787: 4783: 4780: 4776: 4773: 4769: 4766: 4762: 4756: 4750: 4746: 4745: 4739: 4735: 4729: 4725: 4724: 4718: 4714: 4712:0-87022-431-X 4708: 4704: 4703: 4697: 4696: 4694: 4690: 4687: 4683: 4681: 4677: 4676:Cartographica 4673: 4669: 4667:0-8248-0324-8 4663: 4658: 4657: 4650: 4647: 4643: 4640: 4636: 4635: 4625: 4621: 4617: 4611: 4607: 4606: 4601: 4597: 4596: 4575: 4571: 4564: 4548: 4544: 4540: 4533: 4531: 4514: 4510: 4504: 4502: 4485: 4481: 4477: 4471: 4463: 4459: 4452: 4436: 4432: 4426: 4410: 4406: 4402: 4396: 4380: 4376: 4370: 4362: 4356: 4352: 4351: 4343: 4336: 4330: 4323: 4317: 4310:. p. 22. 4309: 4308: 4300: 4292: 4280: 4261: 4254: 4253: 4245: 4237: 4231: 4227: 4220: 4213: 4208: 4200: 4194: 4190: 4189: 4181: 4179: 4171: 4165: 4158: 4152: 4145: 4139: 4132: 4126: 4110: 4106: 4102: 4096: 4080: 4076: 4070: 4063: 4059: 4056: 4051: 4044: 4040: 4037: 4032: 4016: 4012: 4005: 3997: 3993: 3987: 3971: 3967: 3963: 3960:. p. 4. 3959: 3955: 3948: 3932: 3928: 3924: 3918: 3902: 3898: 3894: 3891:. p. 2. 3890: 3886: 3879: 3863: 3859: 3855: 3849: 3840: 3831: 3824: 3812: 3810:9780520069015 3806: 3802: 3801: 3793: 3786: 3775: 3773:9780521422840 3769: 3765: 3764: 3756: 3748: 3742: 3738: 3737: 3729: 3721: 3715: 3711: 3710: 3702: 3694: 3688: 3684: 3683: 3675: 3667: 3661: 3657: 3656: 3648: 3640: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3619: 3611: 3607: 3603: 3602: 3594: 3578: 3574: 3572:0-87022-431-X 3568: 3564: 3563: 3558: 3552: 3544: 3543: 3536: 3528: 3522: 3518: 3517: 3509: 3501: 3495: 3491: 3490: 3482: 3474: 3468: 3464: 3463: 3455: 3447: 3441: 3437: 3436: 3428: 3420: 3419: 3412: 3404: 3398: 3394: 3393: 3385: 3377: 3371: 3367: 3366: 3358: 3350: 3344: 3340: 3336: 3335: 3327: 3323: 3313: 3310: 3308: 3305: 3303: 3300: 3298: 3295: 3293: 3290: 3288: 3285: 3283: 3280: 3278: 3275: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3265: 3263: 3260: 3258: 3255: 3254: 3250: 3249:Hawaii portal 3239: 3232: 3230: 3220: 3218: 3213: 3211: 3207: 3202: 3200: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3177: 3172: 3166:Royal estates 3163: 3161: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3148:Jarvis Island 3145: 3141: 3140:Palmyra Atoll 3138:, as well as 3137: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3113: 3109: 3108:Necker Island 3105: 3101: 3097: 3096:Kamehameha IV 3093: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3076: 3074: 3073:Kamehameha II 3070: 3066: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3032: 3030: 3026: 3022: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2970: 2966: 2962: 2952: 2950: 2949: 2945:November 28, 2943: 2941: 2934: 2932: 2927: 2921: 2918: 2914: 2909: 2901: 2892: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2881:Lord Aberdeen 2878: 2874: 2870: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2847: 2844: 2840: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2823: 2819: 2813: 2803: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2791: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2776: 2770: 2766: 2761: 2758: 2755: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2742: 2741: 2735: 2731: 2722: 2717: 2716:Paulet affair 2702: 2700: 2693: 2690: 2689: 2688: 2686: 2682: 2675: 2671: 2670: 2669: 2667: 2663: 2658: 2656: 2655:Kaʻahumanu II 2653: 2648: 2644: 2638: 2628: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2617: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2594: 2592: 2588: 2584: 2578: 2576: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2542: 2539: 2535: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2520: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2494:In 1848, the 2492: 2490: 2486: 2481: 2479: 2474: 2472: 2468: 2456: 2451: 2449: 2444: 2442: 2437: 2436: 2434: 2433: 2427: 2422: 2420: 2414: 2410: 2409: 2407: 2406: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2387: 2385: 2384:NRHP listings 2382: 2380: 2377: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2366: 2364: 2363: 2359: 2358: 2348: 2346: 2343: 2342: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2332: 2328: 2326: 2323: 2322: 2318: 2316: 2313: 2312: 2308: 2306: 2303: 2302: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2292: 2288: 2286: 2283: 2282: 2278: 2276: 2273: 2272: 2268: 2266: 2263: 2262: 2258: 2256: 2255:Xerox murders 2253: 2252: 2248: 2246: 2243: 2242: 2238: 2236: 2233: 2232: 2228: 2226: 2223: 2222: 2216: 2211: 2210: 2200: 2198: 2195: 2194: 2190: 2188: 2185: 2184: 2180: 2178: 2175: 2174: 2170: 2168: 2165: 2164: 2160: 2158: 2155: 2154: 2150: 2148: 2145: 2144: 2140: 2138: 2135: 2134: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2124: 2120: 2118: 2115: 2114: 2108: 2103: 2102: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2086: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2076: 2070: 2065: 2064: 2054: 2052: 2049: 2048: 2044: 2042: 2039: 2038: 2032: 2027: 2026: 2016: 2014: 2011: 2010: 2006: 2004: 2001: 2000: 1996: 1994: 1991: 1990: 1986: 1984: 1981: 1980: 1976: 1974: 1971: 1970: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1960: 1956: 1954: 1951: 1950: 1946: 1944: 1943:Paulet affair 1941: 1940: 1936: 1934: 1931: 1930: 1926: 1924: 1921: 1920: 1916: 1914: 1911: 1910: 1904: 1899: 1898: 1888: 1886: 1883: 1882: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1867: 1861: 1860:Early history 1856: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1846: 1843: 1838: 1837: 1833: 1832: 1827: 1826: 1811: 1806: 1804: 1800: 1799:Joseph Nāwahī 1795: 1794:Liliʻuokalani 1790: 1788: 1787:Liliʻuokalani 1784: 1780: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1766:United States 1763: 1758: 1753: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1733: 1723: 1721: 1717: 1716: 1710: 1705: 1702: 1692: 1691: 1685: 1680: 1670: 1666: 1663: 1659: 1652: 1651:Liliʻuokalani 1648: 1639: 1636: 1630: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1609:King Kalākaua 1607: 1598: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1579: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1560:Poʻomaikelani 1557: 1553: 1549: 1544: 1542: 1541: 1535: 1534:1874 election 1531: 1527: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1506: 1497: 1495: 1491: 1486: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1471: 1469: 1459: 1456: 1454: 1449: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1438: 1433: 1429: 1424: 1421: 1412: 1401: 1400:Kamehameha II 1390: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1372: 1362: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1307: 1306:Jacques Arago 1302: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1251: 1247: 1236: 1226: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1213:In 1993, the 1211: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1192:U.S. military 1189: 1185: 1181: 1180:Liliʻuokalani 1177: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1136:United States 1132: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1052: 1047: 1045: 1040: 1038: 1033: 1032: 1030: 1029: 1024: 1023: 1019: 1017: 1016: 1012: 1011: 1010: 1009: 1005: 1004: 999: 996: 994: 991: 989: 986: 984: 981: 979: 976: 974: 971: 969: 966: 964: 963:Morgan Report 961: 959: 958:Blount Report 956: 954: 951: 950: 949: 948: 944: 943: 938: 935: 933: 930: 928: 925: 924: 923: 922: 918: 917: 912: 909: 907: 904: 902: 899: 898: 897: 896: 893:Modern events 892: 891: 886: 883: 881: 878: 876: 873: 871: 868: 866: 863: 862: 861: 860: 856: 855: 850: 847: 845: 842: 840: 837: 835: 832: 830: 827: 825: 822: 820: 817: 816: 815: 814: 810: 809: 804: 801: 799: 796: 794: 791: 789: 786: 785: 784: 783: 779: 778: 773: 769: 768:Hawaiian flag 766:The inverted 763: 759: 758: 755: 750: 749: 745: 741: 740: 728: 725: 724: 723: 722:United States 720: 719: 717: 715:Today part of 713: 697: 695: 692: 691: 683: 681: 678: 677: 669: 667: 666:Paulet affair 664: 663: 660: 654: 651: 644: 643: 640: 639:Paulet affair 637: 630: 629: 626: 623: 616: 615: 612: 611: 608: 605: 603: 600: 599: 595: 589: 586: 585: 583: 579: 575: 571: 565: 561: 555: 551: 545: 541: 535: 531: 528: 524: 520: 516: 513: 507: 503: 500: 494: 490: 487: 481: 477: 474: 468: 464: 461: 455: 451: 448: 442: 438: 435: 429: 425: 419: 415: 411: 407: 404: 401: 398: 392: 389: 386: 383: 377: 374: 371: 367: 363: 360: 357: 351: 348: 345: 339: 335: 331: 329: 325: 321: 318: 317:Liliʻuokalani 315: 309: 306: 303: 297: 293: 289: 287: 283: 279: 274: 269: 266: 262: 259: 256: 254: 250: 247: 244: 240: 237: 233: 230: 226: 219: 216: 213: 210: 207: 204: 201: 198: 195: 192: 191: 189: 185: 181: 176: 155: 154: 149: 145: 144: 139: 135: 134: 129: 126: 123: 122: 119: 115: 108: 106: 105: 101: 100: 98: 94: 88: 82: 74: 68: 60: 55: 49: 42: 33: 30: 19: 9698:(1823–1824) 9653: 9482:South Africa 9477:Sierra Leone 9424: 9314: 9254:Two Sicilies 9189:Papal States 8989: 8928: 8821: 8687: 8447:Cook Islands 8300: 8286:Saudi Arabia 8215: 7826:Other topics 7662: 7505:Taishō Roman 7259:Conscription 7229: 7221: 7196:Armed Forces 7056:(ministries) 6956:Charter Oath 6951:Constitution 6833:State Shinto 6816:Essentialism 6766:Demographics 6643: 6626: 6618: 6584: 6576: 6568: 6562:Saint Helena 6560: 6504: 6496: 6346:Cook Islands 6297: 6270:New Hebrides 6239:20th century 6155:West Florida 6140: 6126: 6058:Rhode Island 6036:Pennsylvania 5994:Newfoundland 5931: 5856: 5806:East Florida 5777:16th c.–1880 5766: 5718: 5615:Crown Colony 5603:Pulo Condore 5577:Crown Colony 5571:North Borneo 5444: 5403:Protectorate 5352:unrecognised 5346:in 1965 (as 5285: 5238:South Africa 5226:Sierra Leone 5213:Saint Helena 5211: 5206:Orange River 5084:Bechuanaland 5065: 5023:Protectorate 4982: 4958: 4922: 4902:and Current 4827:February 16, 4825:. 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AULAIRE 2820:arrived in 2760:Kekauluohi" 2683:signed the 2587:Crimean War 2534:Philippines 2109:(1898–1959) 2071:(1894–1898) 2033:(1893–1894) 2031:Provisional 1905:(1795–1893) 1635:naturalized 1595:German Navy 1518:White House 1359:New Zealand 1322:Isaac Davis 1217:passed the 1168:coup d'état 811:Governments 780:Main issues 602:Preceded by 397:Lower house 382:Upper house 373:Legislature 369:Legislature 280:(1887—1893) 275:(1840—1887) 270:(1795—1840) 220:(1845–1893) 214:(1823–1845) 208:(1820-1823) 202:(1796–1820) 200:Kailua-Kona 196:(1795–1796) 157:(1876–1898) 147:(1866–1876) 137:(1860–1866) 9958:Categories 9487:Tanganyika 9402:The Gambia 9330:Niuē-Fekai 9269:Yugoslavia 9169:Montenegro 8976:Upper Yafa 8971:Upper Asir 8608:Madagascar 8341:Luxembourg 8073:Government 8038:Abdication 8007:Hereditary 7935:Monarchies 7632:Occupation 7460:Taishō era 7405:Boshin War 7249:War crimes 7045:Government 7021:Tonarigumi 6928:Privy Seal 6923:State Seal 6881:(Hirohito) 6806:Militarism 6761:Censorship 6631:since 1908 6623:since 1908 6589:since 1833 6581:since 1816 6573:since 1815 6565:since 1658 6522:department 6509:since 1908 6501:since 1833 6302:since 1838 6282:Swan River 6276:Queensland 6163:1958–1962 6145:since 1666 6131:since 1799 5982:New Jersey 5952:New Albion 5936:since 1632 5933:Montserrat 5914:1629–1691 5861:since 1670 5783:1858–1866 5771:since 1619 5723:since 1650 5676:Bangladesh 5611:1841–1946 5573:1882–1963 5539:Federation 5517:1819–1826 5455:Seychelles 5399:1839–1842 5290:since 1816 5274:Tanganyika 5232:Somaliland 5220:Seychelles 5216:since 1658 5136:Gold Coast 5130:The Gambia 5074:Basutoland 5070:since 1815 5012:Free State 5005:1542–1800 4991:Heligoland 4987:since 1713 4385:October 5, 4085:August 19, 3318:References 3120:Kure Atoll 3110:, Kauō or 3069:Kaumualiʻi 3009:Jane Loeau 2985:Emma Rooke 2940:John Tyler 2869:John Tyler 2780:Valparaíso 2734:Royal Navy 2652:Kuhina Nui 2559:loincloths 2478:Kaʻahumanu 2467:sandalwood 2089:Annexation 2051:Black Week 1862:(pre–1795) 1762:Black Week 1755:President 1556:Kapiʻolani 1526:Queen Emma 1494:Queen Emma 1437:Kuhina Nui 1385:Kamehameha 1318:John Young 1271:James Cook 1269:. Captain 1210:in 1959. 1208:U.S. state 998:Akaka Bill 527:Population 359:Kekūanaōʻa 347:Kaʻahumanu 328:Kuhina Nui 264:Government 253:Demonym(s) 9868:Tennessee 9843:Louisiana 9544:sovereign 9457:Mauritius 9350:Rarotonga 9335:Nuku Hiva 9325:Mangareva 9300:Bora Bora 9179:Neuchâtel 9149:Lithuania 9054:Catalonia 8941:Sri Lanka 8894:Manchukuo 8869:Kurdistan 8823:Indonesia 8746:Talamanca 8706:Araucanía 8689:and other 8668:Wassoulou 8412:Australia 8088:Oligarchy 7833:Sonnō jōi 7785:Singapore 7770:Hong Kong 7732:Azad Hind 7707:Mengjiang 7702:Manchukuo 7676:Kantō-shū 7618:Surrender 7530:Shōwa era 7515:Truku War 7386:Meiji era 7354:Tokkeitai 7319:Kempeitai 7230:Senjinkun 7147:Daijō-kan 7110:Munitions 6991:Mokusatsu 6781:Education 6615:1841–1947 6602:1841–1933 6493:1831–1966 6487:1670–1688 6481:1651–1667 6475:1631–1641 6405:1914–1962 6399:1907–1947 6392:1901–1942 6390:Australia 6385:1900–1974 6379:1900–1970 6367:1893–1978 6360:1892–1979 6354:1889–1948 6348:1888–1901 6342:Rarotonga 6338:1884–1902 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9044:Brittany 9019:Asturias 8899:Mongolia 8889:Maldives 8751:Trinidad 8741:Suriname 8699:Americas 8683:Zimbabwe 8678:Zanzibar 8663:Wituland 8638:Ngazidja 8633:Ndzuwani 8568:Ethiopia 8291:Thailand 8271:Malaysia 8251:Cambodia 8201:Eswatini 7997:Elective 7982:Absolute 7811:Yen bloc 7799:Ideology 7790:Thailand 7659:Karafuto 7652:Colonies 7244:Kamikaze 7187:Military 7090:Treasury 6944:Policies 6935:Kimigayo 6856:Emperors 6823:Politics 6791:Eugenics 6749:Overview 6690:Category 6526:Colombia 6441:Kiribati 6318:Victoria 6258:Tasmania 6149:Virginia 6115:Stickeen 6103:Saybrook 6042:Plymouth 5988:New York 5926:Maryland 5918:Province 5881:Delaware 5851:Carolina 5843:Dominion 5837:Province 5800:Dominica 5748:Barbados 5720:Anguilla 5691:disputed 5672:Pakistan 5547:Maldives 5421:Billiton 5348:Rhodesia 5334:Tanzania 5330:Cameroon 5306:Zululand 5300:Zanzibar 5088:Botswana 4858:(Part 2) 4852:Archived 4845:(Part 1) 4839:Archived 4805:(1968). 4788:(1973). 4767:(2012). 4602:(1898). 4574:Archived 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9833:Georgia 9828:Florida 9818:Arizona 9813:Alabama 9542:Former 9462:Nigeria 9437:Ireland 9365:Tahuata 9340:Raiatea 9320:Huahine 9295:Abemama 9288:Oceania 9259:Tuscany 9214:Romania 9209:Prussia 9174:Navarre 9154:Majorca 9134:Ireland 9129:Imereti 9124:Iceland 9119:Hungary 9114:Hanover 9109:Granada 9099:Germany 9094:Georgia 9089:Galicia 9079:Finland 9069:Corsica 9064:Cilicia 9034:Bavaria 9024:Austria 9009:Albania 8981:Vietnam 8924:Sarawak 8914:Qu'aiti 8849:Kathiri 8812:Dapitan 8787:Bukhara 8736:Miskito 8658:Tunisia 8648:Shilluk 8558:Dahomey 8548:Burundi 8538:Bagirmi 8518:Adamawa 8437:Jamaica 8432:Grenada 8417:Bahamas 8381:Oceania 8331:Denmark 8326:Belgium 8321:Andorra 8236:Bahrain 8211:Morocco 8206:Lesotho 8185:Current 8176:Pharaoh 8129:Emperor 8068:Dynasty 8022:Regency 8002:Federal 7992:Diarchy 7946:Monarch 7377:History 7349:Marines 6986:Kokutai 6891:Symbols 6871:Taishō 6828:Statism 6771:Economy 6681:culture 6435:Vanuatu 6225:Oceania 5900:Jamaica 5893:Georgia 5813:Grenada 5768:Bermuda 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King 2732:of the 2610:cruiser 2571:Kuamoʻo 2425:Commons 1662:lottery 1516:at the 1229:History 1170:by the 1152:measles 1117:Niʻihau 1091:, then 824:Kingdom 562:130,313 552:250,000 497:• 484:• 471:• 458:• 445:• 432:• 409:History 395:• 380:• 286:Monarch 236:English 212:Lāhainā 194:Waikīkī 187:Capital 118:Anthem: 9948:Hawaii 9934:Portal 9797:(1850) 9785:(1846) 9773:(1840) 9749:(1827) 9692:(1819) 9686:(1817) 9674:(1812) 9668:(1810) 9650:(1794) 9497:Uganda 9447:Malawi 9412:Guyana 9391:Ceylon 9370:Tahiti 9360:Rurutu 9315:Hawaii 9244:Serbia 9229:Saxony 9219:Russia 9104:Greece 9084:France 9074:Cyprus 9059:Crimea 9039:Bosnia 9014:Aragon 9002:Europe 8966:Taiwan 8936:Sikkim 8919:Ryukyu 8904:Najran 8802:Chehab 8782:Bengal 8731:Mexico 8716:Brazil 8643:Rwanda 8623:Maravi 8523:Ankole 8511:Africa 8503:Former 8484:Tuvalu 8427:Canada 8422:Belize 8366:Sweden 8356:Norway 8346:Monaco 8313:Europe 8266:Kuwait 8261:Jordan 8246:Brunei 8241:Bhutan 8193:Africa 8166:Sultan 8117:Titles 8031:Topics 7775:Malaya 7750:Borneo 7686:Taiwan 7681:Nan'yō 7671:Chōsen 7664:naichi 6879:Shōwa 6863:Meiji 6838:Kazoku 6786:System 6700:Portal 6520:Now a 6491:Guiana 6445:Tuvalu 6048:Quebec 5820:Canada 5761:Belize 5653:Weihai 5597:Penang 5585:Padang 5515:Malaya 5509:Labuan 5503:Kuwait 5479:Cyprus 5473:Ceylon 5467:Brunei 5439:Borneo 5433:Bhutan 5427:Bengal 5363:Zambia 5294:Uganda 5056:Africa 5029:Colony 5019:Malta 4977:Cyprus 4965:Cyprus 4949:Europe 4915:Legend 4797:online 4751: 4730: 4709: 4680:online 4664: 4622: 4612: 4357: 4232: 4195: 3964: 3895: 3807: 3770: 3743: 3716: 3689: 3662: 3635: 3608: 3569: 3523: 3496: 3469: 3442: 3399: 3372: 3345: 3112:Laysan 2775:Dublin 2641:Under 2621:Boston 2616:Boston 2555:canoes 2532:, the 2418:Portal 2360:Topics 1834:on the 1768:, the 1715:Boston 1694:'s 1690:Boston 1532:. 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