576:, an unarmed African-American teenage boy. She describes the program as a "feel-good" and fatherly initiative but does not believe that it is a significant or structural program that will help fight the rollback of civil rights; the initiative will not provide the kinds of things that will really make a difference. She believes that because women and girls of color are a part of the same communities and disadvantages as the underprivileged males that are focused on the initiative, in order to make it an effective program for the communities, it needs to include all members of the community, girls and boys alike.
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Crenshaw with the Toby
Gittler award at a ceremony following the lecture. That same year, Crenshaw was invited to moderate a Sexual Harassment Panel hosted by Women in Animation and The Animation Guild, Local 839. Crenshaw discussed the history of harassment in the workplace and transitioned the discussion to how it plays a role in today's work environments. The other panelists with Crenshaw agreed that there had been many protective measures placed to combat sexual harassment in the workplace. However, many issues remain to be resolved for a complete settlement of the problem at hand.
33:
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against women of color (looking specifically at responses to domestic violence and rape) to draw attention to how the specificity of Black women's experiences of violence is ignored, overlooked, misrepresented, and/or silenced. Crenshaw focuses on both the structural and political aspects of intersectionality with regard to rape and domestic abuse. She uses this analysis of violence against women of color to highlight the importance of intersectionality and of engaging with issues like violence against women through an intersectional lens.
258:(AAPF), a think tank focused on "dismantling structural inequality" and "advancing and expanding racial justice, gender equality, and the indivisibility of all human rights, both in the U.S. and internationally." Its mission is to build bridges between scholarly research and public discourse in addressing inequality and discrimination. Crenshaw has been awarded the Fulbright Chair for Latin America in Brazil, and in 2008, she was awarded an in-residence fellowship at the Center of Advanced Behavioral Studies at Stanford.
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of youth but excludes girls and youth girls of color. She wrote an op-ed article in the New York Times emphasizing the problems with the initiative. The AAPF has started a campaign #WHYWECANTWAIT to address the realignment of the "My
Brothers Keeper" initiative to include all youth boys, girls, and those girls and boys of color. The movement has received much support from all over, letters signed by men of color, letters signed by women of color, and letters signed by allies that believe in the cause.
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literally feel that you have been kicked out of your community, all because you are trying to introduce and talk about the way that
African American women have experienced sexual harassment and violence. It was a defining moment." "Many women who talk about the Anita Hill thing," Crenshaw adds, "they celebrate what's happened with women in general.... So sexual harassment is now recognized; what's not doing as well is the recognition of black women's unique experiences with discrimination."
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intersectionality, and the law throughout United States and globally. Crenshaw's work on intersectionality was influential in drafting the equality clause in the
Constitution of South Africa. In 2001, Crenshaw wrote a paper on Race and Gender discrimination for the United Nation's World Conference on Racism which was leading in creating policy that benefiting minority groups globally. Additionally, Crenshaw advocated for the inclusion of gender in the WCAR conference.
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719:, (by Kimberlé Crenshaw and African American Policy Forum, Foreword by Janelle Monáe), Haymarket Books, July 2023. Centering Black women’s experiences in police violence and gender violence discourses sends the powerful message that, in fact, all Black lives matter and that the police cannot kill without consequence. This is a powerful story of Black feminist practice, community-building, enablement, and Black feminist reckoning.
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658:, May 1, 1996. A compilation of some of the most important writings that formed and sustained the critical race theory (CRT) movement. The book includes articles from Derrick Bell, Richard Delgado, Mari Matsuda, Anthony Cook, Duncan Kennedy, Gary Peller, Kimberlé Crenshaw, and others. All of the articles add something to CRT, and read independently, add significant portions to the CRT movement.
431:"a lens, a prism, for seeing the way in which various forms of inequality often operate together and exacerbate each other. We tend to talk about race inequality as separate from inequality based on gender, class, sexuality or immigration status. What's often missing is how some people are subject to all of these, and the experience is not just a sum of its parts."
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January 25, 2010. Crenshaw is responding to the tendency within identity politics to overlook or silence intra-group differences, a dynamic repeated throughout anti-racist and feminist movements to the detriment of Black women. She explores the simultaneously raced and gendered dimensions of violence
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The letter is signed by women of all ages and a variety of backgrounds, including high-school teens, professional actors, civil rights activists, and university professors commending
President Obama and the efforts of the White House, private philanthropy, and social justice organizations, while also
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are limited and operate on a singular axis, only accounting for one identity at a time. A complete and understandable definition has not been written in the law; therefore, when the issues of intersectionality are presented in a court of law, if one form of discrimination cannot be proved without the
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A nationwide initiative to open up a ladder of opportunities to youth males and males of color. Crenshaw and the other participants of the
African American Forum have demonstrated through multiple means of the media to express that the initiative has good intentions but perpetrates for the uplifting
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women argued they received compound discrimination, excluding them from employment opportunities. They contended that although women were eligible for office and secretarial jobs, such positions were only offered to white women, barring
African-American women from seeking employment in the company.
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Crenshaw argued that with these two groups rising against one another during this case, Anita Hill lost her voice as a black woman. She had been unintentionally chosen to support the women's side of things, silencing her racial contribution to the issue. "It was like one of these moments where you
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The letter is signed by a multitude of diverse men with different lifestyles, including scholars, recently incarcerated, taxi drivers, pastors, college students, fathers of sons, fathers of daughters and more. All the men believe that the girls within the communities where these men share homes,
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of sexual harassment. The case drew two crowds expressing contrasting views: white feminists in support of Hill and the opposing members of the
African-American community that supported Clarence Thomas. The two lines of the argument focused on the rights of women and Hill's experience of being
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Crenshaw's focus on intersectionality is how the law responds to issues that include gender and race discrimination. The particular challenge in law is that anti-discrimination laws look at gender and race separately. Consequently, African-American women and other women of color who experience
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In 2017, Crenshaw gave an hour-long lecture to a maximum-capacity crowd of attendees at
Rapaporte Treasure Hall at Brandeis University. She explained the role intersectionality plays in modern-day society. After a three-day celebration of her work, University President Ron Liebowitz presented
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campaign aimed at uplifting the stories of black women killed by police. The focus on the victimization of Black women in the say her name movement is dependent on the theory of intersectionality which, Crenshaw describes, "It's like a lazy Susan - you can subject race, sexuality, transgender
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Since the 2010s, Crenshaw has spoken out against misinterpretations of intersectionality, saying that some have wrongfully characterized it as a blanket term for "complicated" problems, "identity politics on steroids," or "a mechanism to turn white men into new pariahs." Instead, Crenshaw
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in her 1892 essay "The
Colored Woman's Office" exemplified the ideas of intersectionality before intersectionality came to be. Crenshaw's inspiration for the theory started while she was still in college at Cornell University when she realized that the gender aspect of race was extremely
605:
Crenshaw is known for establishing the concept of intersectionality, which examines how race, class, gender, and other characteristics overlap and compound to explain systemic discrimination and inequality in society. Crenshaw has served as a leader and activist on civil rights, race,
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other, then there is no law broken. The law defines discrimination as unfair treatment based on a certain identity. When enforcing the law, justice goes by the definition, and if discrimination cannot be proven based on a single identity, such as sex, then no crime has been committed.
251:, where she is the founder and director of the Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies, established in 2011. At Columbia Law School, Kimberlé W. Crenshaw's courses include an intersectionalities workshop and an intersectionalities workshop centered on civil rights.
169:, on May 5, 1959, to parents Marian and Walter Clarence Crenshaw Jr. From a young age, Crenshaw's parents encouraged her to discuss "interesting things" that she "observed in the world that day". This early training would later become the basis of her career choices later in life.
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in London, England, in 2016. She spoke on women of color's unique challenges in the struggle for gender equality, racial justice and well-being. In her 2016 TED Talk and keynote speech, she discussed a key challenge women of color face: police brutality. She highlighted the
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September 24, 2015. Forthcoming. Essays and articles that help define the concept of intersectionality. Crenshaw provides insight from the Central Park jogger, Anita Hill's testimony against now Supreme Court justice Clarence Thomas and other significant matters of public
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dispenses with the myth of post-racial America, explaining not only why race matters more than ever but also twenty-first-century solutions to racial injustice. The book will provide a framework for understanding how and why structural racism survives in the
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The courts weighed the allegations of race and gender discrimination separately, finding that the employment of African-American male factory workers disproved racial discrimination, and the employment of white female office workers disproved
232:. At UCLA School of Law, as of 2017, she teaches four classes, Advanced Critical Race Theory, Civil Rights, Intersectional Perspectives on Race, Gender and the Criminalization of Women & Girls, and Race, Law and Representation.
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documenting and drawing attention to Black women victims of police brutality and anti-Black violence in the United States. Additionally, Crenshaw attended the Women of the World festival, which took place from 8–13 March 2016 at the
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violated as a woman, on the one hand, and on the other, the appeal to forgive Thomas or turn a blind eye to his conduct due to his opportunity to become only the second African American to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
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urging the inclusion of young women and girls. The realignment would be essential "to reflect the values of inclusion, equal opportunity and shared fate that has propelled our historic struggle for racial justice moving forward".
157:, which is a sub-category related to intersectional theory. Intersectional feminism examines the overlapping systems of oppression and discrimination that women face due to their ethnicity, sexuality, and economic background.
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in her essay "Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Anti-discrimination Doctrine Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics" as a way to help explain the oppression of
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269:'s Committee to Research Violence Against Women and the National Research Council panel on Research on Violence Against Women. Crenshaw was a member of the Domestic Strategy Group at the
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626:, where she delivered a keynote speech on the unique challenges facing women of color, a key challenge being police brutality against Black women. She promoted the #
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337:. The idea of intersectionality existed long before Crenshaw coined the term but was not widely recognized until Crenshaw's work. Black feminist trailblazers like
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Say Her Name: Resisting Police Brutality Against Black Women (with Andrea J. Ritchie, Rachel Anspach, Rachel Gilmer, Luker Harris, Columbia Law School, 2015)
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Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics, 1989
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schools, and recreational areas share a fate with one another and that the initiative is lacking in focus if that focus does not include both genders.
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1936:"Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics"
1908:"Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics"
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Crenshaw expressed that the program was introduced as response to the widespread grief from the African-American community after the acquittal of
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756:, (edited by Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw, Luke Charles Harris, Daniel Martinez HoSang, and George Lipsitz, University of California Press, 2019).
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749:, (edited by Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw, Luke Charles Harris, Daniel Martinez HoSang, and George Lipsitz, University of California Press, 2019)
702:, (edited by Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw, Luke Charles Harris, Daniel Martinez HoSang, and George Lipsitz, University of California Press, 2019)
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May 30, 2014 – a letter of 200 Concerned Black Men and Other Men of Color calling for the Inclusion of Women and Girls in "My Brothers Keeper"
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247:. In both 1991 and 1994, she was elected professor of the year by matriculating students. In 1995, Crenshaw was appointed full professor at
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Ring, D. A. (2011). Crenshaw, Kimberlé Williams 1959–. In M. Mazurkiewicz (Ed.), Contemporary Black Biography (Vol. 88, pp. 30-32). Gale.
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149:, the study of how overlapping or intersecting social identities, particularly minority identities, relate to systems and structures of
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290:. She has authored several books and articles and continues to publish. Crenshaw's book with Luke Charles Harris & George Lipsitz,
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262:
3284:"Twenty Years of Critical Race Theory: Looking back to Move Forward Commentary: Critical Race Theory: A Commemoration: Lead Article"
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1683-1715 (1998). Symposium: Voices of the People: Essays on Constitutional Democracy In Memory of Professor Julian N. Eule.
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1241-99 (1991). Women of Color at the Center: Selections from the Third National Conference on Women of Color and the Law.
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An Intersectional Critique of Tiers of Scrutiny: Beyond "Either/Or" Approaches to Equal Protection (with Devon W. Carbado), 129
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1577:"UCLA and Columbia Law Professor Kimberlé Crenshaw to Receive 2016 Fellows Outstanding Scholar Award - American Bar Foundation"
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for her innovative work and accomplishments in pioneering intersectionality, civil rights, critical race theory, and the law.
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2009:
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Toward a Race-Conscious Pedagogy in Legal Education (Foreword: Voting Rights: Strategies for Legal and Community Action), 11
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Toward a Field of Intersectionality Studies: Theory, Applications, and Praxis (with Sumi Cho and Leslie McCall), 38 (4)
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682:. 2016. A report based on new reviews of national data and personal interviews with young women in Boston and New York.
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Ruparelia, Rakhi (2019) . "The Invisibility of Whiteness in the White Feminist Imagination". In Kirkland, Ewan (ed.).
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Crenshaw, Kimberlé Williams; Harris, Luke Charles; HoSang, Daniel Martinez; Lipsitz, George, eds. (February 2019).
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From Private Violence to Mass Incarceration: Thinking Intersectionally About Women, Race, and Social Control, 59
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Crenshaw has also discusses intersectionality in connection to her experience as part of the 1991 legal team for
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Henderson, N.-M. (2014, June 18). 1,000 women of color want women and girls included in 'My Brother's Keeper'.
2258:
1100:"Kimberlé Crenshaw on intersectionality: 'I wanted to come up with an everyday metaphor that anyone could use'"
3214:"From Private Violence to Mass Incarceration: Thinking Intersectionally about Women, Race, and Social Control"
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in October 2016. Additionally, Crenshaw delivered a keynote speech at the Women of the World festival at the
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265:, helped to facilitate the addition of gender in the WCAR Conference Declaration, served as a member of the
2571:"LETTER OF 250+ CONCERNED BLACK MEN & OTHER MEN OF COLOR CALLING FOR THE INCLUSION OF WOMEN AND GIRLS"
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Tuman, J. S. (1994). Words That Wound: Critical Race Theory, Assaultive Speech, and the First Amendment.
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173:
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1215:"Kimberlé Crenshaw: the woman who revolutionised feminism – and landed at the heart of the culture wars"
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1060:"Reunion Renews Commitment to William H. Hastie Fellowship Legacy | University of Wisconsin Law School"
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225:
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Crenshaw, Kimberlé; Ritchie, Andrea; Anspach, Rachel; Gilmer, Rachel; Harris, Luke (January 1, 2015).
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3046:"An Intersectional Critique of Tiers of Scrutiny: Beyond "Either/Or" Approaches to Equal Protection"
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Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence Against Women of Color, 43
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2878:""Mapping the Margins:Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence Against Women of Color""
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1998:"Historicizing Intersectionality as a Critical Lens: Returning to the Work of Anna Julia Cooper"
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Color-blind Dreams and Racial Nightmares: Reconfiguring Racism in the Post-Civil Rights Era, in
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4308:
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3813:
2961:"Library Resource Finder: Table of Contents for: Sisterhood is forever : the women's anth"
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Race, Reform, and Retrenchment: Transformation and Legitimation in Antidiscrimination Law, 101
127:
2404:"She Coined the Term 'Intersectionality' Over 30 Years Ago. Here's What It Means to Her Today"
686:
Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics and Violence against Women of Color,
390:. Accordingly, the court declined to consider compound discrimination and dismissed the case.
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Race, Reform and Retrenchment: Transformation and Legitimation in Antidiscrimination Law, 12
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Close Encounters of Three Kinds: On Teaching Dominance, Feminism, and Intersectionality, 46
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Unmasking Colorblindness in the Law: Lessons from the Formation of Critical Race Theory, in
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3451:"Race, Reform, and Retrenchment: Transformation and Legitimation in Antidiscrimination Law"
3237:"Race, Reform, and Retrenchment: Transformation and Legitimation in Antidiscrimination Law"
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Running from Race (Commentary on the Democrats' Discourse on Race) (with Gary Peller), 7
248:
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2905:"On Intersectionality: The Essential Writings of Kimberlé Crenshaw by Kimberlé Crenshaw"
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2188:"DeGraffenreid v. GENERAL MOTORS ASSEMBLY DIV., ETC., 413 F. Supp. 142 (E.D. Mo. 1976)"
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In 2001, Crenshaw wrote the background paper on Race and Gender Discrimination for the
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1419:. University of Wisconsin Law School. Archived from the original on August 10, 2020.
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Whose Story Is It, Anyway? Feminist and Antiracist Appropriations of Anita Hill, in
176:. In 1981, she received a bachelor's degree in government and Africana studies from
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2856:"COMING SOON: #BlackGirlsMatter: Pushed Out, Overpoliced and Underprotected — AAPF"
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Words that Wound: Critical Race Theory, Assaultive Speech and the First Amendment,
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1870:"Kimberlé Crenshaw - On Intersectionality - keynote - WOW 2016: Southbank Centre"
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Words That Wound: Critical Race Theory, Assualtive Speech and the First Amendment
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from 1992 to 1995, the Women's Media Initiative, and is a regular commentator on
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Playing Race Cards: Constructing a Pro-active Defense of Affirmative Action, 16
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3136:"Toward a Field of Intersectionality Studies: Theory, Applications, and Praxis"
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Kimberlé Crenshaw - On Intersectionality - keynote - WOW 2016: Southbank Centre
97:
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The Contradictions of Mainstream Constitutional Theory (with Gary Peller), 45
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campaign, aimed at uplifting the stories of Black women killed by the police.
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2032:"The Black Feminist Who Argued for Intersectionality Before the Term Existed"
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1184:"Kimberlé Crenshaw Explains The Power Of Intersectional Feminism In 1 Minute"
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2008: fellow, Center for Advanced Behavioral Studies in the Social Sciences,
875:, (edited by Toni Morrison and Claudia Brodsky LaCour, Pantheon Books, 1997).
787:
Keeping Up With Jim Jones: Pioneer, Taskmaster, Architect, Trailblazer, 2013
3349:"Playing Race Cards: Constructing a Proactive Defense of Affirmative Action"
873:
Birth of A Nation'hood: Gaze, Script and Spectacle in the O.J. Simpson Trial
836:
The First Decade: Critical Reflections, or "A Foot in the Closing Door", 49
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Reaffirming Racism: The faulty logic of Colorblindness, Remedy and Diversity
580:#Why we can't wait: Women of Color Urging Inclusion in "My Brother's Keeper"
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2530:"WHY WE CAN'T WAIT: WOMEN OF COLOR URGE INCLUSION IN "MY BROTHER'S KEEPER""
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283-96 (1993). Colloquy: Racism in the Wake of the Los Angeles Riots.
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1966:
1335:. Vol. XCVII, no. 45. Ithaca, N.Y. October 31, 1980. p. 8.
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189:
3191:"Keeping Up with Jim Jones: Pioneer, Taskmaster, Architect, Trailblazer"
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729:"Traffic at the Crossroads: Multiple Oppressions" in the 2003 anthology
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The Race Track: How the Myth of Equal Opportunity Defeats Racial Justice
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The Race Track: How the Myth of Equal Opportunity Defeats Racial Justice
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Twenty Years of Critical Race Theory: Looking Back to Move Forward, 43
717:#SayHerName: Black Women’s Stories of State Violence and Public Silence
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150:
3641:"Crenshaw Elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences | UCLA Law"
2627:"Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw | Institute for the Study of Human Rights"
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In 1996, Crenshaw became the co-founder and executive director of the
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2378:"Kimberlé Crenshaw on Intersectionality, More than Two Decades Later"
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June 17, 2014 – a letter from more than 1000 girls and women of color
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identity or class to a feminist critique through intersectionality."
287:
153:, domination, or discrimination. Her work further expands to include
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2345:"#SayHerName: why Kimberlé Crenshaw is fighting for forgotten women"
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Seeing Race Again: Countering Colorblindness across the Disciplines
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1710:. New York, NY: Columbia University, Office of Public Information.
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Seeing Race Again: Countering Colorblindness across the Disciplines
747:
Seeing Race Again: Countering Colorblindness across the Disciplines
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Seeing Race Again: Countering Colorblindness across the Disciplines
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1996:
May, Vivian M. (2012), Parker, Alison M.; Faulkner, Carol (eds.),
1647:
1269:"Meet Kimberlé Crenshaw, a Dr. John Hope Franklin Award Recipient"
708:, (with Luke Charles Harris & George Lipsitz), December 2025.
4059:
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1877:
732:
Sisterhood Is Forever: The Women's Anthology for a New Millennium
861:, (edited by Devon W. Carbado, New York University Press, 1999).
680:
Black Girls Matter: Pushed Out, Over Policed and Under Protected
4241:
3728:
Dr. Kimberlé Crenshaw on Teaching Truthfully About U.S. History
3134:
Cho, Sumi; Crenshaw, Kimberlé Williams; McCall, Leslie (2013).
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957:(edited by Christian Joerges and David M. Trubek, Nomos, 1989).
885:
Beyond Racism and Misogyny: Black Feminism and 2 Live Crew, in
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Race Liberalism and the Deradicalization of Racial Reform, 130
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The Race Track: Understanding and Challenging Structural Racism
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Critical Race Theory: The Key Writings That Formed the Movement
623:
216:
After completing her LL.M., Crenshaw joined the faculty of the
3492:"Canton native Kimberlé Crenshaw receives legal scholar award"
2656:"Say Her Name: Resisting Police Brutality Against Black Women"
2599:"AALS Honors Kimberlé W. Crenshaw with Lifetime Service Award"
833:, 339-343 4th ed. (edited by David M. Adams, Wadsworth, 2005).
693:
On Intersectionality: Essential Writings of Kimberlé Crenshaw,
484:
from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially
359:
overlapping forms of discrimination are left with no justice.
2289:
Kimberlé Crenshaw - On Intersectionality - keynote - WOW 2016
615:
Say Her Name: Resisting Police Brutality Against Black Women,
409:
Crenshaw also discussed the theory of intersectionality in a
193:
4719:
Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences fellows
3586:"Kimberlé Crenshaw honored with Gittler Prize | BrandeisNOW"
2818:"Critical Race Theory: The Key Writings That Formed the ..."
2653:
3110:"Race Liberalism and the Deradicalization of Racial Reform"
2932:
3730:, from the Teach the Black Freedom Struggle online series.
2730:"Kimberlé Crenshaw accepts Gittler Prize for career works"
859:
Black Men on Race, Gender and Sexuality: A Critical Reader
766:
We Still Have not Learned from Anita Hill's Testimony, 26
3556:"Kimberlé Crenshaw named to Ebony Magazine's 'Power 100'"
2704:"2017.10.25.The Joseph B. and Toby Gittler Prize.Lecture"
921:, 402-40 (edited by Toni Morrison, Pantheon Books, 1992).
274:
2760:"Sexual Harassment Panel Offers Definitions, Strategies"
3718:"Intersectionality: The Double Bind of Race and Gender"
3069:"We Still Have Not Learned from Anita Hill's Testimony"
955:
Critical Legal Thought: An American-German Debate
829:
A Black Feminist Critique of Antidicrimination Law, in
235:
In 1991, Crenshaw assisted the legal team representing
204:
Fellow and law clerk to Wisconsin Supreme Court Judge
4288:
The Dialectic of Sex: The Case for Feminist Revolution
3044:
Carbado, Devon; Crenshaw, Kimberlé (January 1, 2019).
745:
How Colorblindness Flourished in the Age of Obama, in
286:
In 2020, Crenshaw received an honorary doctorate from
3692:"O.J. Verdict Interviews: Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw"
2002:
Interconnections: Gender and Race in American History
3370:
Crenshaw, Kimberle; Peller, Gary (January 1, 1993).
1514:"Where Are All the Black Feminists in Confirmation?"
1299:"Race, gender scholar Crenshaw on campus Oct. 16-21"
4469:
Scapegoat: The Jews, Israel, and Women's Liberation
1708:"Kimberle Crenshaw Named Professor at Columbia Law"
937:
The Politics of Law: A Progressive Critique 195-217
893:(edited by Diana Tietjens Meyers, Routledge (1997).
843:Opening Remarks: Reclaiming Yesterday's Future, 47
397:, the woman who accused then-Supreme Court nominee
142:, where she specializes in race and gender issues.
1206:
1025:2021: Ruth Bader Ginsburg Lifetime Service Award,
939:(2nd ed., edited by David Kairys, Pantheon, 1990).
145:Crenshaw is known for introducing and developing
3133:
609:Since the 2010s, Crenshaw has advocated for the #
4605:
3326:"Opening Remarks: Reclaiming Yesterday's Future"
3108:Crenshaw, Kimberlé Williams (October 26, 2017).
1015:2016: Outstanding Scholar Award, Fellows of the
613:movement. She co-authored (with Andrea Ritchie)
363:laws and the justice system's attempt to remedy
3043:
1967:"Ain't I A Woman? Revisiting Intersectionality"
1901:
1899:
977:1994: Professor of the Year, UCLA School of Law
974:1991: Professor of the Year, UCLA School of Law
3525:"Canton native wins fellowships to study race"
3369:
2674:"Kimberlé Crenshaw honored with Gittler Prize"
2063:Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society
1965:Brah, Avtar; Phoenix, Ann (January 15, 2013).
1570:
1568:
1445:"Kimberlé Crenshaw, Educator, and Author born"
1366:"Kimberlé Crenshaw, Educator, and Author born"
896:Reel Time/Real Justice (with Gary Peller), 70
819:151-89 (2010). Symposium: Catharine MacKennon.
782:Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society
294:, is scheduled for publication December 2025.
4714:University of California, Los Angeles faculty
3749:
3677:The African American Experience in Cyberspace
2902:
2463:Crenshaw, Kimberle Williams (July 29, 2014).
1122:
1896:
2706:. Ensemble.brandeis.edu. October 25, 2017.
2221:"Black Women Still in Defense of Ourselves"
1964:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1565:
878:Panel Presentation on Cultural Battery, 25
160:
3756:
3742:
2059:"Intersectional Resistance and Law Reform"
477:about living persons that is unsourced or
220:in 1986. She is a founder of the field of
31:
4724:University of Wisconsin Law School alumni
3668:UCLA Law Professors: Kimberlé W. Crenshaw
3084:
2953:
2401:
1128:
548:Learn how and when to remove this message
377:in writing, interviews, and lectures. In
323:
263:United Nations World Conference on Racism
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2004:, Boydell & Brewer, pp. 17–48,
1971:Journal of International Women's Studies
1933:
1922:
1905:
1794:"Laudatio - Motivatio Kimberlé Crenshaw"
1097:
903:Race, Gender, and Sexual Harassment, 65
16:American academic and lawyer (born 1959)
4729:21st-century African-American academics
3014:
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3010:
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2967:from the original on September 27, 2019
2911:from the original on September 24, 2015
2823:from the original on September 24, 2015
2797:American Academy of Arts & Sciences
1934:Crenshaw, Kimberle (December 7, 2015).
1347:– via Cornell University Library.
353:
184:senior Honors' Society. She received a
4606:
4399:Feminist Theory: From Margin to Center
4070:Coalition Against Trafficking in Women
3449:Crenshaw, Kimberlé (January 1, 1988).
3401:Crenshaw, Kimberlé (January 1, 1992).
3347:Crenshaw, Kimberlé (January 1, 1998).
3324:Crenshaw, Kimberlé (January 1, 2000).
3301:Crenshaw, Kimberlé (January 1, 2006).
3282:Crenshaw, Kimberle (January 1, 2011).
3212:Crenshaw, Kimberlé (January 1, 2012).
3189:Crenshaw, Kimberlé (January 1, 2013).
3067:Crenshaw, Kimberlé (January 1, 2019).
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1906:Crenshaw, Kimberlé (January 1, 1989).
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1687:from the original on February 10, 2023
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1417:"William H. Hastie Fellowship Program"
1397:from the original on February 10, 2022
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1339:from the original on February 10, 2023
1227:from the original on October 28, 2021.
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1194:from the original on February 13, 2019
1181:
889:, (Westview, 1998). Also published in
435:
4439:Toward a Feminist Theory of the State
4359:Against Our Will: Men, Women and Rape
3737:
3596:from the original on December 1, 2017
3519:
3517:
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3403:"Race, Gender, and Sexual Harassment"
3307:Michigan Law Review First Impressions
2740:from the original on October 31, 2017
2414:from the original on October 17, 2022
2402:Steinmetz, Katy (February 20, 2020).
2215:
2213:
2056:
1848:"Kimberle Williams Crenshaw (1959- )"
1671:"Preface to "The Damnation of Women""
1668:
1604:
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1524:from the original on November 7, 2017
1467:
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1041:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
999:2015: No. 1 Most Inspiring Feminist,
824:Michigan Law Review First Impressions
639:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
637:In 2021, Crenshaw was elected to the
4183:Feminist views on transgender topics
3763:
3720:, interview with Kimberlé Crenshaw,
3235:Crenshaw, Kimberlé Williams (1988).
2568:
2527:
2499:"My Brother's Keeper: We Can't Wait"
2324:from the original on October 7, 2018
2137:"What is Employment Discrimination?"
1714:from the original on October 9, 2021
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961:
919:Race-ing Justice, En-gendering Power
439:
297:
3620:Association of American Law Schools
3566:from the original on March 10, 2016
3535:from the original on March 10, 2016
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2770:from the original on April 27, 2019
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2603:Association of American Law Schools
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2265:from the original on April 21, 2022
1995:
1812:
1706:Knubel, Fred (September 16, 1995).
1351:
1273:Diverse: Issues In Higher Education
1249:from the original on April 28, 2019
1213:Mohdin, Aamna (November 12, 2020).
1070:from the original on April 28, 2019
1034:Association of American Law Schools
1027:Association of American Law Schools
427:characterizes intersectionality as,
13:
4449:The Straight Mind and Other Essays
3553:
3514:
3502:from the original on July 11, 2021
3481:
2684:from the original on July 11, 2022
2509:from the original on June 23, 2020
2465:"Opinion | The Girls Obama Forgot"
2444:from the original on March 9, 2016
2259:"The urgency of intersectionality"
2210:
2162:"Civil Rights Division | Title IX"
1884:from the original on June 10, 2016
1662:
1620:from the original on June 21, 2017
1599:
1549:(2 ed.). September 15, 1995.
1536:
1462:
1297:Lang, Susan S. (October 7, 2013).
1182:Miller, Hayley (August 11, 2017).
1110:from the original on April 5, 2014
328:In 1989, Crenshaw coined the term
198:University of Wisconsin Law School
192:in 1984. In 1985, she received an
126:(born May 5, 1959) is an American
14:
4745:
4369:Pornography: Men Possessing Women
3711:
2884:from the original on May 18, 2015
2497:Flanders, Laura (July 14, 2014).
2239:from the original on June 1, 2015
2198:from the original on July 1, 2022
2116:LII / Legal Information Institute
1940:University of Chicago Legal Forum
1738:The African American Policy Forum
1587:from the original on July 1, 2021
1553:from the original on May 13, 2017
1309:from the original on May 14, 2019
1287:
1175:
1082:
984:Chair for Latin America in Brazil
933:University of Chicago Legal Forum
891:Feminist Social Thought: A Reader
831:Philosophical Problems in the Law
4588:
4530:She's Beautiful When She's Angry
4065:Chicago Women's Liberation Union
822:Framing Affirmative Action, 105
572:in the case of his shooting and
444:
310:
180:, where she was a member of the
94:University of Wisconsin, Madison
4734:21st-century American academics
4639:African-American legal scholars
4135:Women's Liberation Front (WoLF)
4085:Michigan Womyn's Music Festival
4080:Lesbian Organization of Toronto
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3020:"Crenshaw, Kimberlé | UCLA Law"
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2343:Khaleeli, Homa (May 30, 2016).
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1989:
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1098:Adewunmi, Bim (April 2, 2014).
880:University of Toledo Law Review
644:
379:DeGraffenreid v. General Motors
374:DeGraffenreid v. General Motors
4319:The Myth of the Vaginal Orgasm
3303:""Framing Affirmative Action""
1321:
1261:
1243:The Repository/The Independent
1231:
1052:
905:Southern California Law Review
1:
4629:American women legal scholars
4259:Social construction of gender
4213:Feminist views on pornography
3554:report, CantonRep.com staff.
2963:. Vufind.carli.illinois.edu.
1764:"About the Tavis Smiley Show"
1734:"Kimberle Crenshaw biography"
1644:African American Policy Forum
1581:www.americanbarfoundation.org
1046:
953:1331-87 (1988). Reprinted in
256:African American Policy Forum
228:, critical race studies, and
2939:. Univ of California Press.
1547:"Columbia University Record"
989:Alphonse Fletcher Fellowship
935:139-67 (1989). Reprinted in
898:Denver University Law Review
600:
455:biography of a living person
134:. She is a professor at the
7:
4644:Columbia Law School faculty
4090:Mountain Moving Coffeehouse
2631:www.humanrightscolumbia.org
723:
482:must be removed immediately
267:National Science Foundation
174:Canton McKinley High School
10:
4750:
4709:UCLA School of Law faculty
4664:African-American feminists
4095:New York Radical Feminists
3661:
1669:Poole, Shirley L. (2000).
1575:Foundation, American Bar.
1239:"Marian Williams Crenshaw"
944:National Black Law Journal
852:National Black Law Journal
761:The Yale Law Journal Forum
243:for Supreme Court Justice
124:Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw
47:Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw
4684:Lawyers from Canton, Ohio
4674:Harvard Law School alumni
4649:Cornell University alumni
4585:
4546:
4501:
4279:
4272:
4143:
4130:Women Against Pornography
4052:
3771:
2843:Free Speech Yearbook, 32,
1695:– via Google Books.
1449:African American Registry
1429:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1370:African American Registry
1151:10.1163/9781848883833_008
574:killing of Trayvon Martin
371:Crenshaw has referred to
309:
304:
211:
104:
71:
42:
30:
23:
3722:American Bar Association
3372:"Reel Time/Real Justice"
768:UCLA Women's Law Journal
649:
161:Early life and education
4679:Intersectional feminism
4634:American legal scholars
2764:Animation World Network
2503:The Laura Flanders Show
1393:. Columbia Law School.
1257:– via Legacy.com.
1032:2021: Triennial Award,
1017:American Bar Foundation
564:In an interview on the
155:intersectional feminism
4624:American women lawyers
4309:Sisterhood Is Powerful
4264:Violence against women
4100:New York Radical Women
3944:Catharine A. MacKinnon
3288:Connecticut Law Review
2793:"Kimberlé W. Crenshaw"
2528:AAPF (June 17, 2014).
1823:"Kimberle W. Crenshaw"
1610:"Kimberle W. Crenshaw"
1391:"Kimberle W. Crenshaw"
810:Connecticut Law Review
469:Please help by adding
433:
335:African-American women
324:Origins of the concept
4554:Consciousness raising
4489:The Industrial Vagina
4479:Sisterhood Is Forever
4389:Against Sadomasochism
4120:The Furies Collective
4075:Deep Green Resistance
3698:. PBS. April 22, 2005
2569:AAPF (May 28, 2014).
2434:"My Brother's Keeper"
2261:. November 14, 2016.
1768:The Tavis Smiley Show
1333:The Cornell Daily Sun
1245:. November 22, 2008.
1039:2021: Elected to the
429:
388:gender discrimination
280:The Tavis Smiley Show
241:confirmation hearings
165:Crenshaw was born in
147:intersectional theory
128:civil rights advocate
4694:Postmodern feminists
4654:Critical race theory
4564:Miss America protest
4409:Sisterhood Is Global
4203:Political lesbianism
4024:Marilyn Salzman Webb
3114:harvardlawreview.org
2880:. January 25, 2010.
2382:www.law.columbia.edu
2057:Spade, Dean (2013).
1827:www.law.columbia.edu
789:Wisconsin Law Review
566:Laura Flanders Show,
475:Contentious material
354:Crenshaw's arguments
341:in her 1851 speech "
222:critical race theory
132:critical race theory
4595:Feminism portal
4429:Feminism Unmodified
4252:Internalized sexism
4237:Reproductive rights
4178:Feminist separatism
4156:False consciousness
3934:Holly Lawford-Smith
3874:Shulamith Firestone
3086:10.5070/L3261044346
2903:Kimberlé Crenshaw.
2866:on January 8, 2015.
2660:Faculty Scholarship
1774:on January 26, 2018
1614:Columbia Law School
1131:Shades of Whiteness
1022:2017: Gittler Prize
995:Stanford University
987:2008: recipient of
926:Stanford Law Review
497:"Kimberlé Crenshaw"
436:My Brother's Keeper
361:Anti-discrimination
249:Columbia Law School
239:at the U.S. Senate
140:Columbia Law School
4699:Poststructuralists
4669:American feminists
4659:Critical theorists
4572:Radical lesbianism
4151:Child sexual abuse
3999:Alix Kates Shulman
3241:Harvard Law Review
2469:The New York Times
1880:. March 14, 2016.
1520:. April 18, 2016.
1329:"Congratulations!"
1145:. pp. 77–89.
1007:2015: "Power 100"
951:Harvard Law Review
775:Harvard Law Review
453:This section of a
230:constitutional law
224:and a lecturer on
218:UCLA School of Law
206:Shirley Abrahamson
200:, where she was a
190:Harvard Law School
178:Cornell University
172:Crenshaw attended
136:UCLA School of Law
85:Harvard University
76:Cornell University
4704:Radical feminists
4601:
4600:
4542:
4541:
4329:The Female Eunuch
4110:Stop Porn Culture
3844:Kimberlé Crenshaw
3824:Susan Brownmiller
3799:Rosalyn Baxandall
3789:Ti-Grace Atkinson
3616:"Triennial Award"
3376:Denver Law Review
2946:978-0-520-30099-6
2907:. Goodreads.com.
2011:978-1-58046-786-5
1850:. August 19, 2017
1494:on April 26, 2019
1303:Cornell Chronicle
1160:978-1-84888-383-3
969:William H. Hastie
962:Awards and honors
812:1253-1352 (2011).
803:German Law Review
558:
557:
550:
532:
458:needs additional
347:Anna Julia Cooper
330:intersectionality
321:
320:
298:Intersectionality
202:William H. Hastie
130:and a scholar of
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120:
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4484:
4474:
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4454:
4444:
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4424:
4414:
4404:
4394:
4384:
4379:Ain't I a Woman?
4374:
4364:
4354:
4344:
4334:
4324:
4314:
4304:
4294:
4277:
4276:
4034:Harriet Wistrich
4014:John Stoltenberg
3994:Kathie Sarachild
3854:Christine Delphy
3765:Radical feminism
3758:
3751:
3744:
3735:
3734:
3707:
3705:
3703:
3673:Alkalimat, Abdul
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3509:
3507:
3498:. Canton, Ohio.
3488:
3479:
3478:
3461:(7): 1331–1387.
3446:
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3439:
3437:
3435:
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3398:
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3367:
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3353:Nat'l Black L. J
3344:
3338:
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3247:(7): 1331–1387.
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3073:UCLA Women's L.J
3064:
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2862:. Archived from
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2292:, March 14, 2016
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2168:. August 6, 2015
2158:
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2127:
2126:
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2122:
2112:"discrimination"
2108:
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2101:
2099:
2097:
2069:(4): 1031–1055.
2054:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2038:. March 23, 2018
2028:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2018:
1993:
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1986:
1962:
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1874:Southbank Centre
1866:
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1779:
1770:. Archived from
1760:
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1753:
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1749:
1744:on July 28, 2018
1740:. Archived from
1730:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1719:
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1697:
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1692:
1666:
1660:
1659:
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1646:. Archived from
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1529:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1490:. Archived from
1480:
1474:
1469:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1428:
1420:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1362:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1294:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1143:Brill Publishers
1126:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1095:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1056:
817:Tulsa Law Review
620:Southbank Centre
570:George Zimmerman
553:
546:
542:
539:
533:
531:
490:
471:reliable sources
448:
447:
440:
415:Southbank Centre
383:African-American
350:underdeveloped.
343:Ain't I a Woman?
314:
313:
302:
301:
182:Quill and Dagger
60:
56:
54:
37:Crenshaw in 2018
35:
21:
20:
4749:
4748:
4744:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4739:
4738:
4604:
4603:
4602:
4597:
4589:
4587:
4581:
4566:
4538:
4533:
4523:
4513:
4497:
4492:
4482:
4472:
4462:
4452:
4442:
4432:
4422:
4412:
4402:
4392:
4382:
4372:
4362:
4352:
4342:
4332:
4322:
4312:
4302:
4299:Sexual Politics
4292:
4268:
4139:
4048:
4019:Michele Wallace
4004:Valerie Solanas
3949:Sheila Michaels
3929:Marjorie Kramer
3909:Sheila Jeffreys
3829:Phyllis Chesler
3784:Chude Pam Allen
3767:
3762:
3714:
3701:
3699:
3690:
3679:. Pluto Press.
3664:
3659:
3649:
3647:
3639:
3638:
3634:
3624:
3622:
3614:
3613:
3609:
3599:
3597:
3584:
3583:
3579:
3569:
3567:
3552:
3548:
3538:
3536:
3523:
3522:
3515:
3505:
3503:
3490:
3489:
3482:
3467:10.2307/1341398
3447:
3443:
3433:
3431:
3429:psycnet.apa.org
3423:
3422:
3418:
3399:
3395:
3368:
3364:
3345:
3341:
3322:
3318:
3299:
3295:
3280:
3276:
3253:10.2307/1341398
3233:
3229:
3210:
3206:
3187:
3183:
3132:
3128:
3118:
3116:
3106:
3102:
3065:
3061:
3042:
3038:
3028:
3026:
3018:
3017:
2980:
2970:
2968:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2947:
2931:
2924:
2914:
2912:
2901:
2897:
2887:
2885:
2876:
2875:
2871:
2854:
2853:
2849:
2840:
2836:
2826:
2824:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2801:
2799:
2791:
2790:
2783:
2773:
2771:
2758:
2757:
2753:
2743:
2741:
2728:
2727:
2723:
2713:
2711:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2687:
2685:
2672:
2671:
2667:
2652:
2645:
2635:
2633:
2625:
2624:
2617:
2607:
2605:
2597:
2596:
2589:
2579:
2577:
2567:
2563:
2555:Washington Post
2552:
2548:
2538:
2536:
2526:
2522:
2512:
2510:
2495:
2491:
2481:
2479:
2461:
2457:
2447:
2445:
2438:The White House
2432:
2431:
2427:
2417:
2415:
2400:
2396:
2386:
2384:
2376:
2375:
2371:
2361:
2359:
2341:
2337:
2327:
2325:
2312:
2311:
2304:
2295:
2293:
2286:
2285:
2278:
2268:
2266:
2257:
2256:
2252:
2242:
2240:
2219:
2218:
2211:
2201:
2199:
2186:
2185:
2181:
2171:
2169:
2166:www.justice.gov
2160:
2159:
2155:
2145:
2143:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2120:
2118:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2095:
2093:
2055:
2051:
2041:
2039:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2016:
2014:
2012:
1994:
1990:
1963:
1959:
1932:
1923:
1912:U. Chi. Legal F
1904:
1897:
1887:
1885:
1868:
1867:
1863:
1853:
1851:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1831:
1829:
1821:
1820:
1813:
1803:
1801:
1798:www.kuleuven.be
1792:
1791:
1787:
1777:
1775:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1747:
1745:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1717:
1715:
1704:
1700:
1690:
1688:
1667:
1663:
1653:
1651:
1650:on July 1, 2017
1638:
1637:
1633:
1623:
1621:
1608:
1607:
1600:
1590:
1588:
1573:
1566:
1556:
1554:
1545:
1544:
1537:
1527:
1525:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1497:
1495:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1470:
1463:
1453:
1451:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1422:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1400:
1398:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1374:
1372:
1364:
1363:
1352:
1342:
1340:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1312:
1310:
1305:. Ithaca, N.Y.
1295:
1288:
1278:
1276:
1275:. April 7, 2020
1267:
1266:
1262:
1252:
1250:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1217:. Black lives.
1211:
1207:
1197:
1195:
1188:Huffington Post
1180:
1176:
1161:
1127:
1123:
1113:
1111:
1096:
1083:
1073:
1071:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1049:
964:
907:1467-76 (1992).
882:891-901 (1994).
866:UCLA Law Review
854:196-214 (1998).
847:1459-65 (2000).
845:UCLA Law Review
840:1343-72 (2002).
838:UCLA Law Review
796:UCLA Law Review
726:
670:, July 30, 2013
652:
647:
603:
554:
543:
537:
534:
491:
489:
468:
449:
445:
438:
399:Clarence Thomas
356:
339:Sojourner Truth
326:
311:
305:External videos
300:
271:Aspen Institute
245:Clarence Thomas
214:
163:
117:
92:
83:
67:
61:
58:
52:
50:
49:
48:
38:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4747:
4737:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4599:
4598:
4586:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4561:
4556:
4550:
4548:
4544:
4543:
4540:
4539:
4537:
4536:
4526:
4520:SCUM Manifesto
4516:
4505:
4503:
4499:
4498:
4496:
4495:
4485:
4475:
4465:
4455:
4445:
4435:
4425:
4415:
4405:
4395:
4385:
4375:
4365:
4355:
4345:
4339:Lesbian Nation
4335:
4325:
4315:
4305:
4295:
4283:
4281:
4274:
4270:
4269:
4267:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4255:
4254:
4249:
4239:
4234:
4233:
4232:
4230:Feminist views
4222:
4217:
4216:
4215:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4193:Male privilege
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4174:
4173:
4168:
4158:
4153:
4147:
4145:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4056:
4054:
4050:
4049:
4047:
4046:
4041:
4039:Monique Wittig
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4009:Gloria Steinem
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3974:Janice Raymond
3971:
3969:Irene Peslikis
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3889:Germaine Greer
3886:
3881:
3879:Marilyn French
3876:
3871:
3869:Melissa Farley
3866:
3864:Andrea Dworkin
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3794:Kathleen Barry
3791:
3786:
3781:
3779:Wim Hora Adema
3775:
3773:
3769:
3768:
3761:
3760:
3753:
3746:
3738:
3732:
3731:
3725:
3724:, Spring 2004.
3713:
3712:External links
3710:
3709:
3708:
3688:
3670:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3657:
3632:
3607:
3577:
3560:The Repository
3546:
3529:The Repository
3513:
3496:The Repository
3480:
3441:
3416:
3407:S. Cal. L. Rev
3393:
3362:
3339:
3316:
3293:
3274:
3227:
3204:
3181:
3168:10.1086/669608
3152:10.1086/669608
3146:(4): 785–810.
3126:
3100:
3059:
3036:
2978:
2952:
2945:
2922:
2895:
2869:
2847:
2834:
2809:
2781:
2751:
2721:
2695:
2665:
2643:
2615:
2587:
2561:
2546:
2520:
2489:
2455:
2425:
2394:
2369:
2335:
2302:
2276:
2250:
2209:
2179:
2153:
2128:
2103:
2083:10.1086/669574
2075:10.1086/669574
2049:
2023:
2010:
1988:
1957:
1921:
1895:
1861:
1839:
1811:
1785:
1755:
1725:
1698:
1661:
1631:
1598:
1564:
1535:
1505:
1484:"Courses Page"
1475:
1461:
1436:
1408:
1382:
1350:
1320:
1286:
1260:
1230:
1205:
1174:
1159:
1121:
1081:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1037:
1030:
1023:
1020:
1013:
1010:Ebony Magazine
1005:
997:
991:
985:
978:
975:
972:
963:
960:
959:
958:
947:
940:
929:
922:
915:
908:
901:
894:
883:
876:
869:
862:
855:
848:
841:
834:
827:
820:
813:
806:
799:
792:
785:
778:
771:
764:
757:
750:
743:
740:
725:
722:
721:
720:
714:
710:The Race Track
703:
697:
690:
683:
677:
671:
665:
659:
651:
648:
646:
643:
602:
599:
594:
593:
585:
584:
581:
556:
555:
479:poorly sourced
452:
450:
443:
437:
434:
365:discrimination
355:
352:
325:
322:
319:
318:
307:
306:
299:
296:
213:
210:
162:
159:
119:
118:
116:
115:
112:
108:
106:
102:
101:
73:
69:
68:
62:
46:
44:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4746:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4619:Living people
4617:
4615:
4612:
4611:
4609:
4596:
4584:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4545:
4532:
4531:
4527:
4522:
4521:
4517:
4512:
4511:
4510:Off Our Backs
4507:
4506:
4504:
4500:
4491:
4490:
4486:
4481:
4480:
4476:
4471:
4470:
4466:
4461:
4460:
4456:
4451:
4450:
4446:
4441:
4440:
4436:
4431:
4430:
4426:
4421:
4420:
4416:
4411:
4410:
4406:
4401:
4400:
4396:
4391:
4390:
4386:
4381:
4380:
4376:
4371:
4370:
4366:
4361:
4360:
4356:
4351:
4350:
4346:
4341:
4340:
4336:
4331:
4330:
4326:
4320:
4316:
4311:
4310:
4306:
4301:
4300:
4296:
4290:
4289:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4278:
4275:
4271:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4244:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4231:
4228:
4227:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4220:Postgenderism
4218:
4214:
4211:
4210:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4148:
4146:
4142:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4115:The Feminists
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4051:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3989:Florence Rush
3987:
3985:
3984:Adrienne Rich
3982:
3980:
3979:Rosetta Reitz
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3964:Meghan Murphy
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3914:Robert Jensen
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3899:Merle Hoffman
3897:
3895:
3894:Carol Hanisch
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3759:
3754:
3752:
3747:
3745:
3740:
3739:
3736:
3729:
3726:
3723:
3719:
3716:
3715:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3686:
3685:0-7453-2222-0
3682:
3678:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3665:
3646:
3642:
3636:
3621:
3617:
3611:
3595:
3591:
3587:
3581:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3550:
3534:
3530:
3526:
3520:
3518:
3501:
3497:
3493:
3487:
3485:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3445:
3430:
3426:
3425:"APA PsycNet"
3420:
3412:
3408:
3404:
3397:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3366:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3343:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3320:
3313:(1): 123–133.
3312:
3308:
3304:
3297:
3289:
3285:
3278:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3231:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3208:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3185:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3130:
3115:
3111:
3104:
3096:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3063:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3040:
3025:
3021:
3015:
3013:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2966:
2962:
2956:
2948:
2942:
2938:
2937:
2929:
2927:
2910:
2906:
2899:
2883:
2879:
2873:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2851:
2844:
2838:
2822:
2819:
2813:
2798:
2794:
2788:
2786:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2755:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2725:
2709:
2705:
2699:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2669:
2661:
2657:
2650:
2648:
2632:
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3809:Julie Bindel
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1103:
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1064:law.wisc.edu
1063:
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1002:Ms. Magazine
1000:
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730:
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4188:Gender role
4171:Second wave
3939:Audre Lorde
3839:Nikki Craft
3814:Jenny Brown
3590:BrandeisNOW
3218:UCLA L. Rev
3195:Wis. L. Rev
3050:Yale L.J. F
2971:October 15,
2734:The Justice
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2172:February 4,
1778:January 25,
1718:January 25,
826:123 (2007).
805:247 (2011).
791:703 (2013).
784:785 (2013).
763:108 (2019).
105:Occupations
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4608:Categories
4459:Only Words
4198:Patriarchy
3924:Anne Koedt
3904:bell hooks
3859:Gail Dines
3382:(2): 283.
2225:The Nation
2192:Justia Law
1800:(in Dutch)
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1047:References
770:17 (2019).
628:SayHerName
611:SayHerName
538:April 2016
508:newspapers
420:SayHerName
395:Anita Hill
237:Anita Hill
151:oppression
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3849:Mary Daly
3696:Frontline
3650:March 13,
3625:March 13,
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3539:March 10,
3506:March 10,
3434:March 14,
3388:0883-9409
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2608:March 13,
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2328:March 23,
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2243:March 10,
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2121:March 10,
2091:146177405
2042:March 14,
2017:March 14,
1983:1539-8706
1952:0892-5593
1854:March 14,
1832:March 14,
1691:March 10,
1654:March 10,
1591:March 10,
1528:April 22,
1375:March 13,
1313:March 10,
1279:March 13,
1169:201575540
1114:March 10,
1074:March 10,
982:Fulbright
696:interest.
601:Influence
460:citations
288:KU Leuven
196:from the
72:Education
4559:Herstory
4247:Misogyny
4161:Feminism
3702:June 17,
3675:(2004).
3594:Archived
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3500:Archived
2965:Archived
2915:June 12,
2909:Archived
2882:Archived
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2821:Archived
2768:Archived
2738:Archived
2714:June 12,
2708:Archived
2688:July 11,
2682:Archived
2507:Archived
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2412:Archived
2408:time.com
2322:Archived
2263:Archived
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1804:June 13,
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1557:March 9,
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1395:Archived
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1225:Archived
1192:Archived
1108:Archived
1068:Archived
724:Articles
713:present.
486:libelous
411:TED Talk
114:activist
4166:Lesbian
4060:Cell 16
4044:Laura X
3662:Sources
3475:1341398
3413:: 1467.
3336:: 1459.
3269:1341398
2888:May 10,
2827:May 10,
2141:US EEOC
1888:May 31,
1878:YouTube
522:scholar
4567:(1968)
4534:(2014)
4524:(1967)
4493:(2008)
4483:(2003)
4473:(2000)
4463:(1993)
4453:(1992)
4443:(1989)
4433:(1987)
4423:(1987)
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4343:(1973)
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4323:(1970)
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2079:JSTOR
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