207:
364:
353:
20:
256:
king of
Majapahit did not accomplish his commitment, accordingly the king of Sunda prepared to sail back home. Then, a hefty discussion followed as Gajah Mada held the view that the Sundanese should act as vassals, just like any other vassals from Nusantara. After both parties exchanged insults, a fight seemed unavoidable. But a royal pundit named Smaranata intervened. The Sundanese envoy went away after they got an assurance that the king of Majapahit would present them with a final decision within two days.
195:) to find a suitable bride for him. They all came back with paintings of lovely princesses. But none was able to charm him. Then Hayam Wuruk heard about the beauty of the princess of Sunda. Accordingly, he sent an artist to Sunda and he came back with a painting. At that moment both his uncles: the king of Kahuripan and the king of Daha were in his palace. Both were concerned about the status of Hayam Wuruk who was still unmarried at that time.
117:
282:
king of Daha. Pitar was the only
Sundanese officer who survived. He pretended to be dead among the corpses of the perished soldiers. He escaped and went straight to the pavilion of the queen and the princess. There he reported the latest developments. They were depressed and committed to killing themselves. After that, the women of the soldiers committed ritual suicide on the corpses of their husbands.
281:
There followed a bitter fight. In the beginning, many
Majapahit Javanese perished, but in the end, the Sundanese bit the dust. Almost all of them were slaughtered. Anèpaken was killed by Gajah Mada while the king of Sunda was killed by the fathers of his children-in-law: the king of Kahuripan and the
218:
Soon Madhu journeyed back home to
Majapahit and handed over the letter of reply of the king of Sunda to King Hayam Wuruk. Not long afterward, the Sundanese party departed for Majapahit. They sailed with 200 big vessels and smaller boats also escorted them. The total number of the ships must have been
743:
The longer the pain the more painful the suffering. His heart felt dark, he the King was increasingly miserable. Her cries grew louder, like the thunder of the third month*, which opened the petals to bloom, mixed with the sound of beetles. Such was the cry of men and women, loose hairs falling like
717:
Semakin lama semakin sakit rasa penderitaannya. Hatinya terasa gelap, dia sang Raja semakin merana. Tangisnya semakin keras, bagaikan guruh di bulan ketiga, yang membuka kelopak bunga untuk mekar, bercampur dengan suara kumbang. Begitulah tangis para pria dan wanita, rambut-rambut yang lepas terurai
255:
In Bubat, the news about the latest developments in
Majapahit already leaked in. The king of Sunda then sent an envoy, consisting of the grand vizier, Anèpakěn, three other dignitaries, and some 300 footmen. They went directly to Gajah Mada's residence. There they told him that it appeared as if the
248:
Meanwhile, in
Majapahit, they were busy preparing the reception of the Sundanese guests. Ten days later the chief head of the port in Bubat reported that the Sundanese party was already visible. Hayam Wuruk and both his uncle got ready to receive them. But the grand vizier Gajah Mada disapproved. He
293:
After that, a ceremony in remembrance of the deaths was performed. Soon, King Hayam Wuruk himself died in misery. After the funeral rites were performed, his two uncles discussed the whole affair. Both blamed Gajah Mada for the situation. Then they marched to his residence as they wanted to capture
735:
This has been in the mind of my father and my mother all the time. And this was their desire. That is the reason why they accompanied me. And behold how it all ends up! If you were here the day before yesterday, I might have been still alive and to be wed. Oh how cruel is this fate provided by the
582:
And now you are vomiting such big words? The smell of your breath is like the flatulence of a cricket, as if the excrement left behind by a dog. Such a desire of yours is unsuitable and deceiving. Well what kind of law are you following, that you are a master of evil and corruption? You want to
561:
Sekarang, besar juga kata-katamu. Bau mulutmu seperti kentut jangkrik, seperti tahi anjing. Sekarang maumu itu tidak sopan dan berkhianat. Ajaran apa yang kau ikuti selain engkau ingin menjadi guru yang berdusta dan berbuat buruk. Menipu orang berbudi syahdu. Jiwamu akan jatuh ke neraka, jika
739:
Let us hope my Lord that we will be united and lie next to each other on couch, without the evil fate getting in our way. Then the wish of my father and my mother will be fulfilled, which will delight both of us." It was as if the corpse spoke in such a manner. The one who was spoken to, was
731:
The paleness of her face was enrapturing, her eyes were half shut; her lips were beautiful to see; her uncovered teeth presented a friendly appearance and rivalled the fruits of a sri gading tree (some kind of coconut). It was as if she greeted him: "My lord, please come near and see how my
77:, the port where the Sundanese party landed as they refused to be treated as vassals. There the Majapahit-Javanese army slaughtered the Sundanese. The grieved princess of Sunda committed suicide not long afterward. This historical story has to be situated somewhere in the 14th century.
727:
He asked the nannies regarding the whereabouts of the princess. They showed him a place in the middle where there was someone lying. The king came and saw that it was covered with a blanket made of green golden threads on the ground. He uncovered and was shocked, as she had become a
699:
Pucat mukanya mempesona, matanya sedikit membuka, bibirnya indah dilihat, gigi-giginya yang tak tertutup terlihat manis, seakan menyaingi keindahan sri gading. Seakan-akan ia menyapa: "Sri Paduka, datanglah ke mari. Lihatlah kekasihnda (?), berbakti, Sri
Baginda, datang ke tanah
578:
Both your ministers Lěs and
Beleteng; were struck and killed. Your men were in disarray and retreated. Some fell into the ravines and were pricked the thorns. They died as monkeys, weasels and setan (satan, ghost). There were moaning all over the place. Everyone asked to be let
705:
Yang senantiasa berada di pikiran ayah dan ibu, yang sangat mendambakannya, itulah alasannya mereka ikut datang. Sekarang jadinya malah seperti ini. Jika datang kemarin dulu, wahai Rajaku, mungkin <hamba> masih hidup dan sekarang dinikahkan. Aduh sungguh kejamlah kuasa
202:
After just six days at sea, Madhu arrived in Sunda. He demanded an audience with the king and told him about the purpose of his journey. The king rejoiced as the most celebrated king of
Majapahit was willing to marry his daughter. But the princess herself did not say much.
318:
On the whole, the story narrated in this text is told directly. It is rather different from other works in the same genre. The narration combines both romantic and dramatic elements appealingly. With lively descriptions and dialogues, the protagonists are brought to life.
639:
Even if the
Sundanese only have one arm left, or even more if both the right and the left arms are destroyed, their eyes won’t be impressed if they are outnumbered on the battlefield." The Sundanese vizier also got irritated as he heard the sharp words (of the Majapahit
496:
Some fragments of the text will be presented in the following. The text is taken from C.C. Berg's edition (1927). However, the spelling has been somewhat modified to modern usage. Just as in Berg's edition, no distinction between retroflex and dental stops is made. The
693:
Maka ditanyalah dayang-dayang di manakah gerangan tempat Tuan Putri. Diberilah tahu berada di tengah ia, tidur. Maka datanglah Sri Baginda, dan melihatnya tertutup kain berwarna hijau keemasan di atas tanah. Setelah dibuka, terkejutlah sang Prabu karena sudah menjadi
544:"Wahai Gajah Mada, apa maksudnya engkau bermulut besar terhadap kami? Kita ini sekarang ingin membawa Tuan Putri, sementara engkau menginginkan kami harus membawa bakti? Sama seperti dari Nusantara. Kita lain, kita orang Sunda, belum pernah kami kalah berperang.
711:
Mari kita harap wahai Raja, supaya berhasil menikah, berdampingan di atas ranjang tanpa dihalang-halangi niat buruk. Berhasillah kemauan bapak dan ibu, keduanya." Seakan-akan begitulah ia yang telah tewas menyapanya. Sedangkan yang disapa menjadi bingung dan
574:
It is as if you forget the former times, when you attacked the villages on the mountains. It was a fierce battle, the Sundanese were routed, chased after by men of Jipang. But then the grand vizier of Sunda came and stroke back. Your men were in
571:"Well, what does it mean, Gajah Mada, for you have such a big mouth against us? You expect us to deliver the princess accompanied by tokens of obeisance? You see us as vassals? We are different, we are Sundanese, and we have never lost a battle.
555:
Kedua mantrimu yang bernama Lěs dan Beleteng diparang dan mati. Pasukanmu bubar dan melarikan diri. Ada yang jatuh di jurang dan terkena duri-duri. Mereka mati bagaikan kera, siamang dan setan. Di mana-mana mereka merengek-rengek minta tetap
682:
Sangsaya lara kagagat, pětěng rasanikang ati, kapati sira sang katong, kang tangis mangkin gumirih, lwir guruh ing katrini, matag paněděng ing santun, awor swaraning kumbang, tangising wong lanang istri, arěrěb-rěrěb pawraning gělung lukar.
666:
Sang tan sah aneng swacita, ning rama rena inisti, marmaning parěng prapta kongang mangkw atěmah kayêki, yan si prapta kang wingi, bangiwen pangeraningsun, pilih kari agěsang, kawula mangke pinanggih, lah palalun, pangdaning Widy angawasa.
198:
Thus the picture of the beautiful princess of Sunda enchanted king Hayam Wuruk. Shortly afterward, he sent yet another emissary. This time it was an important official, whose name was Madhu, to Sunda to ask for the hand of the princess.
674:
Palar-palarěn ing jěmah, pangeran sida kapanggih, asisihan eng paturon, tan kalangan ing duskrěti, sida kâptining rawit, mwang rena kalih katuju, lwir mangkana panapanira sang uwus alalis, sang sinambrama lěnglěng amrati cita.
533:
Mangke agung kokohanmu, uwabmu lwir ntuting gasir, kaya purisya tinilar ing asu, mengkene kaharěpta, tan pracura juti, ndi sasana tinutmu gurwaning dustârusuh, dadi angapusi sang sadubudi, patitânêng niraya atmamu těmbe yen
274:
Everything was ready. The Majapahit Javanese sent a messenger to the Sundanese camp. The conditions were read. They told them to surrender and to submit as vassals. Angrily the Sundanese refused and a war was inevitable.
419:
provenance. However, it is not known where this work was composed, either in Java or in Bali. The identity of the author is not known either. Neither is the date of composition known. In the story, there are mentions of
658:
Wěněsning muka angraras, netra duměling sadidik, kang lati angrawit katon, kengisning waja amanis, anrang rumning srigading, kadi anapa pukulun, ngke pangeran marěka, tinghal kamanda punyaningsun pukulun, mangke prapta
624:"Meskipun orang-orang Sunda tinggal satu tangannya, atau hancur sebelah kanan dan kiri, tiada akan ‘silau’ beta!". Sang Tuan Patih juga marah, seakan-akan robek telinganya mendengarkan (kata-kata pedas orang Majapahit).
549:
Seakan-akan lupa engkau dahulu kala, ketika engkau berperang, bertempur di daerah-daerah pegunungan. Sungguh dahsyat peperangannya, diburu orang Jipang. Kemudian patih Sunda datang kembali dan bala tentaramu
430:), but these do not prove to be a valid criterion to date the text. The Indonesian people already knew the gunpowder weapons relatively early. In the 1293 Mongol invasion of Java, Chinese–Mongol troops used
651:
Sireñanira tinañan, unggwani sang rajaputri, tinuduhakěn aneng made sira wontěn aguling, mara sri narapati, katěmu sira akukub, perěmas natar ijo, ingungkabakěn tumuli, kagyat sang nata dadi atěmah laywan.
511:
Ih angapa, Gajah Mada, agung wuwusmu i kami, ngong iki mangkw angaturana sira sang rajaputri, adulurana bakti, mangkana rakwa karěpmu, pada lan Nusantara dede Sunda iki, durung-durung ngong iki andap ring
259:
In the meantime, after the king of Sunda received the news, he stated that he was not willing to serve as a vassal. He told his men his decision that it was better to die on the battlefield as a
290:
King Hayam Wuruk felt worried after he witnessed the battle. He went to the Sundanese camp, looking for the princess. But she was already dead. He lamented her and wanted to be united with her.
636:
The Sundanese king just barely heard this, as he stood up angrily: "Hey, listen you messengers, just tell your master that I don’t have the intention to approach him and to convey the princess!
633:. "If you are afraid to die, then come forward and pay obeisance at the feet of His Majesty the King and offer him the living evidence of your servitude: the fragrant obeisance, the princess."
339:
It has to be said that the author or narrator has chosen the side of the Sundanese in this narration. Therefore, many things do not correspond to other sources as mentioned earlier briefly.
315:
Kidung Sunda has to be considered as a literary work of art and not as a reliable historical chronicle. However, the events told in this text might have been based on true factual events.
519:
Abasa lali po kita nguni duk kita aněkani jurit, amrang pradesa ring gunung, ěnti ramening yuda, wong Sunda kagingsir, wong Jipang amburu, praptâpatih Sunda apulih, rusak wadwamu gingsir.
322:
Furthermore, the story is logical and real. There is no mention of impossibilities, exaggerations beyond belief, and supernatural things, except for the disappearance of Gajah Mada (his
252:
And thus the intention of Hayam Wuruk was not fulfilled. He followed Gajah Mada's advice. The other palace servants and dignitaries were shocked to hear this. But none dared to resist.
619:
Maka ini terdengar oleh Sri Raja <Sunda> dan dia menjadi murka: "Wahai kalian para duta! Laporkan kepada tuanmu bahwa kami tidak akan menghadap lagi menghantarkan Tuan Putri!"
526:
Mantrimu kalih tinigas anama Lěs Beleteng angěmasi, bubar wadwamu malayu, anânibani jurang, amurug-murug rwi, lwir patining lutung, uwak setan pating burěngik, padâmalakw ing urip.
614:, jika engkau takut mati, datanglah segera menghadap Sri Baginda (Hayam Wuruk) dan haturkan bukti kesetianmu, keharuman sembahmu dengan menghaturkan dia sang Tuan Putri.
604:
Mong kari sasisih bahune wong Sunda, rĕmpak kang kanan keri, norengsun ahulap, rinĕbateng paprangan, srĕngĕn si rakryan apatih, kaya siniwak, karnasula angapi.
453:
307:
Thereafter the king of Kahuripan and the king of Daha returned home, as they felt that everything in Majapahit reminded them of the sad unpleasant events.
294:
and kill him. In the meantime, Gajah Mada felt that his time was near. So accordingly, he put on his religious attire and began to meditate and to perform
249:
held the view that a great king of Majapahit should not receive a vassal kingdom such as Sunda in such a manner. Who knows he is an enemy in disguise.
599:
Wahu karungu denira sri narendra, bangun runtik ing ati, ah kita potusan, warahĕn tuhanira, nora ngong marĕka malih, angatĕrana, iki sang rajaputri.
266:
After that, the king of Sunda came to his wife and daughter and told them to return home. They refused however and insisted on staying with him.
1002:
Damais, Louis-Charles (1958). "I. Études d'épigraphie indonésienne : V. Dates de manuscrits et documents divers de Java, Bali et Lombok"
448:
828:
748:*The third month more or less falls in September, which is still the dry season. So the sound of thunder this month is an unusual thing.
89:
103:
The former is longer than the latter. It also has better literary merits. That is also the version, which is discussed in this article.
461:, or 1543 AD. However Berg is open to earlier dating, because the Leiden manuscript was a new copy of younger date. Damais argued that
278:
The Majapahit army consisted of footmen, dignitaries, the grand vizier Gajah Mada, and finally Hayam Wuruk and both his uncles.
436:(Chinese for cannon) against Kediri forces. Cannons and firearms are used by the Majapahit, modeled after the Chinese cannons.
69:, betrayed his king and rejected this idea. There was a dispute about geopolitical relations between Sunda and Majapahit (i.e.
336:) is passed down from generation to generation, gradually loses its accuracy, and contains more fantastic and amazing things.
795:
263:(warrior) than to live on, only to be humiliated by the Majapahit Javanese. His men agreed to follow and defend their king.
332:
is a symbol of death. This does not correspond either to other contemporary historical sources. Usually, a Balinese text (
594:, yan kitâwĕdîng pati, lah age marĕka, i jĕng sri naranata, aturana jiwa bakti, wangining sĕmbah, sira sang nataputri.
1042:
1024:
908:
164:
146:
219:
about 2,000. But before the Sundanese royal family entered their vessel, they saw a bad omen. Their vessel was a "
812:
177:
A short summary of the contents of Kidung Sunda is presented below. The summary is divided in different cantos.
142:
881:
138:
982:
1062:
1057:
73:). Gajah Mada considered Sunda to be a vassal state of Java. For that reason, a great battle took place in
846:
Le carrefour javanais. Essai d'histoire globale (The Javanese Crossroads: Towards a Global History) Vol. 2
1067:
944:"The Loincloth, Trousers, and Horse-riders in Pre-Islamic Java: Notes on the Old Javanese Term Lañciṅan"
439:
C. C. Berg argued that the poem was composed ca. 1550 AD or later because there is a description of the
1072:
92:, has found several versions of Kidung Sunda. Out of them he has discussed and published two versions:
480:
Islamic influences are already discernible. Kidung Sunda contains some Perso-Arabic loanwords such as
1077:
206:
767:
127:
58:
228:
192:
187:
185:
Hayam Wuruk, the king of Majapahit, was looking for a bride-to-be. He sent emissaries throughout
131:
587:
829:
On the Invention and Use of Fire-Arms and Gunpowder in China, Prior to the Arrival of European
504:
363:
8:
57:. The princess' name has remained undisclosed in this story, however, she corresponds to
381:
447:
Anepakěn, the Sundanese vizier. His horse is compared to the horse named Anda Wesi of
352:
1038:
1020:
961:
904:
791:
31:
951:
220:
859:
Southeast Asia in the Age of Commerce, 1450-1680. Volume Two: Expansion and Crisis
49:
who was looking for a bride-to-be, is narrated. At last, he chose the princess of
19:
1009:
898:
757:
396:
74:
388:. While the area of provenance is Sunda, the weapon might be Javanese in origin.
848:. Paris: Editions de l'Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales. Page 178.
762:
644:
23:
Palm leaf manuscript of the poem, click for the full archival pdf of the poem.
1051:
965:
70:
50:
588:
The king of Sunda rejecting the conditions of Majapahit (stanza 2.69 – 2.71)
422:
377:
224:
943:
956:
814:
Notes on the Malay Archipelago and Malacca, Compiled from Chinese Sources
505:
Gajah Mada verbally abused by the Sundanese envoy (stanza 1.66b – 1.68 a)
211:
42:
466:
432:
412:
66:
1016:
996:
583:
mislead good people? Your being shall descend to hell, when you die!"
458:
400:
385:
62:
54:
46:
116:
498:
1029:
Sri Sukesi Adiwimarta, 1999, ‘Kidung Sunda (Sastra Daerah Jawa)’,
1034:
994:
Inleiding tot de studie van het Oud-Javaansch (Kidung Suṇḍāyana).
427:
392:
324:
300:
238:
34:
440:
242:
233:
231:
of Majapahit by a Mongolian armada in 1293. Usually the word
983:
Kidung Sunda. Inleiding, tekst, vertaling en aanteekeningen
732:
meritorious deed by coming to Java is rewarded …(? unsure).
645:
Hayam Wuruk lamented the dead princess (stanza 3.29 – 3.33)
416:
295:
38:
457:. The latter was, according to Juynboll to be from 1465
469:
as 1256 saka instead of 1465 saka. Therefore, both the
477:
may have been originally written in the 14th century.
451:, a well-known character from another Javanese poem;
80:
223:, which became in common use after Wijaya’s war" (
1049:
465:was originally composed in 1334 AD, reading the
304:) into nothingness in a state of invisibility.
227:was the founder of Majapahit. There was also a
99:Kidung Suṇḍâyana (The Journey of the Sundanese)
1014:Kalangwan. A Survey of Old Javanese Literature
1004:Bulletin de l'École Française d'Extrême-Orient
861:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
501:loanwords are spelled in the Javanese manner.
41:provenance. In this poem, the story of King
810:
145:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
955:
165:Learn how and when to remove this message
205:
18:
896:
821:
785:
1050:
870:Dr. J.L.A. Brandes, T.B.G., LII (1910)
221:nine-decked hybrid Tatar-Javanese junk
879:
941:
143:adding citations to reliable sources
110:
811:Groeneveldt, Willem Pieter (1876).
13:
886:. New York: Asia Publishing House.
851:
214:, drawn by van Linschoten in 1596.
14:
1089:
779:
491:
1031:Antologi Sastra Daerah Nusantara
763:Military of the Majapahit Empire
362:
351:
310:
115:
975:
935:
926:
88:A Dutch philologist, Prof. Dr.
917:
890:
873:
864:
838:
804:
786:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (2011).
395:, found in the Brantas river,
1:
773:
740:bewildered, he felt dejected.
342:
65:. Hayam Wuruk's grand vizier
285:
7:
827:Schlegel, Gustaaf (1902). "
788:Majapahit Peradaban Maritim
751:
269:
106:
10:
1094:
903:. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
880:Nehru, Jawaharlal (1934).
790:. Suluh Nuswantara Bakti.
210:A Chinese-Javanese hybrid
180:
883:Glimpses Of World History
372:Early firearms from Java:
328:). According to Nugroho,
768:Territories of Majapahit
688:Indonesian Translation:
609:Indonesian Translation:
539:Indonesian Translation:
391:Bronze hand cannon-type
59:Dyah Pitaloka Citraresmi
897:Pramono, Djoko (2005).
844:Lombard, Denys (1990).
817:. Batavia: W. Bruining.
415:of Kidung Sunda are of
298:. Then he disappeared (
193:Maritime Southeast Asia
857:Reid, Anthony (1993).
215:
81:Different versions of
24:
16:Middle-Javanese kidung
1006:. Tome 49, pp. 1–257.
723:English Translation:
629:English Translation:
567:English Translation:
426:(gunpowder weapon or
209:
22:
1019:: Martinus Nijhoff.
957:10.4000/archipel.312
139:improve this section
1063:Javanese literature
1058:Balinese literature
942:Jákl, Jiří (2016).
1068:16th-century poems
981:C.C. Berg, 1927, ‘
471:Kidung Rangga Lawe
463:Kidung Rangga Lawe
454:Kidung Rangga Lawe
216:
25:
1073:Sundanese culture
992:C.C. Berg, 1928,
932:Damais, 1958: 56.
797:978-602-9346-00-8
488:(harbourmaster).
175:
174:
167:
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1078:Indonesian poems
1037:: Yayasan Obor.
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1033:, kaca 93–121.
1010:P.J. Zoetmulder
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718:bagaikan kabut.
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229:failed invasion
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53:, a kingdom in
32:Middle-Javanese
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923:Berg, 1927: 5.
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889:
872:
863:
850:
837:
820:
803:
796:
777:
775:
772:
771:
770:
765:
760:
753:
750:
746:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
721:
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714:
708:
702:
696:
686:
685:
678:
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669:
662:
661:
654:
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637:
634:
627:
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621:
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584:
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572:
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564:
558:
552:
546:
537:
536:
529:
528:
522:
521:
515:
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506:
503:
493:
492:Some fragments
490:
405:
404:
389:
371:
370:
361:
360:
359:
350:
349:
348:
347:
346:
344:
341:
312:
309:
287:
284:
271:
268:
245:in Javanese).
182:
179:
173:
172:
123:
121:
114:
108:
105:
101:
100:
97:
85:
79:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1090:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1044:
1043:979-461-333-9
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1026:
1025:90-247-1674-8
1022:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1001:
999:: De Bliksem.
998:
995:
991:
988:
984:
980:
979:
967:
963:
958:
953:
949:
945:
938:
929:
920:
912:
910:9789792213768
906:
902:
901:
900:Budaya Bahari
893:
885:
884:
876:
867:
860:
854:
847:
841:
834:
830:
824:
816:
815:
807:
799:
793:
789:
782:
778:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
755:
749:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
725:
724:
719:
715:
713:
709:
707:
703:
701:
697:
695:
691:
690:
689:
684:
680:
679:
676:
672:
671:
668:
664:
663:
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656:
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652:
649:
648:
638:
635:
632:
631:
630:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
611:
610:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
591:
581:
577:
573:
570:
569:
568:
563:
559:
557:
553:
551:
547:
545:
542:
541:
540:
535:
531:
530:
527:
524:
523:
520:
517:
516:
513:
509:
508:
502:
500:
489:
487:
483:
478:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
455:
450:
446:
442:
437:
435:
434:
429:
425:
424:
418:
414:
402:
398:
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387:
383:
379:
375:
374:
365:
354:
340:
337:
335:
331:
327:
326:
320:
316:
311:Some analysis
308:
305:
303:
302:
297:
291:
283:
279:
276:
267:
264:
262:
257:
253:
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246:
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213:
208:
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196:
194:
190:
189:
178:
169:
166:
158:
155:February 2022
148:
144:
140:
134:
133:
129:
124:This section
122:
118:
113:
112:
104:
98:
95:
94:
93:
91:
84:
78:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
33:
29:
21:
1030:
1013:
1003:
993:
986:
976:Bibliography
947:
937:
928:
919:
899:
892:
882:
875:
866:
858:
853:
845:
840:
832:
823:
813:
806:
787:
781:
747:
722:
716:
710:
704:
698:
692:
687:
681:
673:
665:
657:
650:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
566:
560:
554:
548:
543:
538:
532:
525:
518:
510:
495:
485:
481:
479:
475:Kidung Sunda
474:
470:
462:
452:
444:
438:
431:
421:
410:
378:bedil tombak
338:
333:
329:
323:
321:
317:
314:
306:
299:
292:
289:
280:
277:
273:
265:
260:
258:
254:
251:
247:
232:
217:
201:
197:
186:
184:
176:
161:
152:
137:Please help
125:
102:
96:Kidung Sunda
87:
83:Kidung Sunda
82:
37:of probable
28:Kidung Sunda
27:
26:
484:(news) and
449:Rangga Lawe
413:manuscripts
43:Hayam Wuruk
1052:Categories
997:Soerakarta
989:83: 1–161.
835:. 3: 1–11.
833:T'oung Pao
774:References
467:chronogram
382:Majalengka
343:Authorship
67:Gajah Mada
1017:The Hague
966:0044-8613
736:Almighty!
659:angajawa.
401:East Java
386:West Java
286:Canto III
239:Mongolian
188:Nusantara
126:does not
90:C.C. Berg
63:Pararaton
55:West Java
47:Majapahit
1012:, 1974,
948:Archipel
752:See also
575:retreat.
499:Sanskrit
486:subandar
473:and the
417:Balinese
270:Canto II
261:ksatriya
107:Synopsis
39:Balinese
1035:Jakarta
728:corpse.
712:merana.
640:envoy).
550:mundur.
428:firearm
397:Jombang
393:cetbang
243:Chinese
181:Canto I
147:removed
132:sources
1041:
1023:
964:
907:
794:
706:Tuhan!
694:mayat.
579:alive.
562:mati!"
556:hidup.
334:kidung
330:moksha
325:moksha
301:moksha
237:means
225:Wijaya
35:kidung
700:Jawa.
534:antu.
512:yuda.
482:kabar
445:patih
441:horse
423:bedil
380:from
376:Iron
234:Tatar
75:Bubat
51:Sunda
30:is a
1039:ISBN
1021:ISBN
962:ISSN
905:ISBN
792:ISBN
744:fog.
459:saka
411:All
296:yoga
212:junk
130:any
128:cite
71:Java
987:BKI
985:’.
952:doi
831:".
443:of
433:pào
241:or
141:by
61:in
45:of
1054::
960:.
946:.
399:,
384:,
968:.
954::
913:.
800:.
403:.
191:(
168:)
162:(
157:)
153:(
149:.
135:.
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