381:. In a two-page chart of "Characteristics of Types in High School" (Myers Briggs Manual, Form E 1958), Isabel Myers described the sixteen types briefly. Keirsey recognized these very brief sixteen descriptions as being accurate, mirroring his observations as a school psychologist, and used these descriptions as a basis in a greatly expanded and modified form of his own. Keirsey's critical innovation was organizing these types into four temperaments and describing "observable behavior" rather than speculation about unobservable thoughts and feelings. Keirsey provided his own definitions of the sixteen types, and related them to the four temperaments based on his studies of five
499:(ADD) was an altogether different matter, in that these children were inactive and paid no attention to the teacher's agenda, and that ADD was defined exclusively by stating what they do not do, and in no way defined their observable behavior. Thus, in his opinion, ADD was a misleading label assigned to children who ignored the teacher while bothering nobody, unlike the children who are actually disruptive. Keirsey referred to the practice of medicating children with ADD as "The Great ADD Hoax". His main claim was that children labeled ADHD or ADD, typically, have an SP, or
401:. While Myers wrote mostly about the Jungian psychological functions, which are mental processes, Keirsey focused more on how people use words in sending messages and use tools in getting things done, which are observable actions. Keirsey performed an in-depth, systematic analysis and synthesis of aspects of personality for temperament, which included the temperament's unique interests, orientation, values, self-image, and social roles.
492:(ADHD), where activity or temperament of school children is considered disruptive to classroom proceedings, as not only unnecessary but harmful to these children. He was an ardent critic of what he saw as an "epidemic abuse of children", and claimed to be successful in the management of such children by applying what he called the "method of logical consequences".
475:
s (Sensing/Perceiving) were
Hypomanic (excitable). At the time (mid-1950s), Keirsey was mainly interested in the relationship between temperament and abnormal behavior, finding that Ernst Kretschmer and his disciple William Sheldon were the only ones who wrote about this relationship.
239:. He moved with his family at the age of two years to Southern California. Drafted by the Army during World War II, he joined the Navy and became a Marine fighter pilot, and served in the Pacific theatre off an aircraft carrier. He earned his bachelor's degree from
404:
Keirsey's theory blended the sixteen Myers-Briggs types with Ernst
Kretschmer's model of four "temperament types", which Keirsey traced back to the classical Greek philosophers, Plato and Aristotle, as well as other ancient writers.
373:
based on introversion versus extraversion, thinking versus feeling as rational functions, sensation versus intuition as irrational functions, and the coexistence of dominant and auxiliary functions.
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contain the questionnaire for type evaluation with detailed portraits and a systematic treatment of descriptions of temperament traits and personality characteristics. With a focus on
42:
287:) and sixteen role variants. His research and observation of human behavior started after he returned from World War II, when he served in the Pacific as a Marine fighter pilot.
259:, he trained corrective counselors to identify deviant habits of children, parents, and teachers, and to apply techniques aimed at enabling them to abandon such habits.
975:
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and her mother, Katharine Cook Briggs, subsequently extended and codified Jung's ideas into a test for sixteen psychological types, called the
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255:, engaged in corrective interventions intended to help troubled and troublesome children stay out of trouble. Over the next eleven years at
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247:(then known as Claremont Graduate School). In 1950, he started his career dealing with youth as a counselor at a probation ranch home for
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459:'s types (Hyperesthetics, Anesthetics, Melancholics, and Hypomanics), grouped the types differently, arguing that the four
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Myers grouped types according to dominant cognitive function, as follows:
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As a clinical psychologist, Keirsey regarded the prescription of
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s (Sensing/Judging) were
Melancholic (depressive), and the four
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s (iNtuitive/Thinking) were
Anesthetic (insensitive), the four
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and cooperation, Keirsey specialized in family and partnership
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Psychological Types (Collected Works of C.G. Jung, Volume 6)
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Please
Understand Me II: Temperament Character Intelligence
544:, Obituary by his son, David Mark Keirsey, 14 August 2013.
542:"My Father, The Greatest, and Of the Greatest Generation"
267:
Keirsey has written extensively about his model of four
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boys. Subsequently, he spent twenty years working in
302:. Among his modern influences he counts the works of
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of several books. In his most popular publications,
570:, Annual Tribute, David Mark Keirsey, 31 July 2015.
185:; August 31, 1921 – July 30, 2013) was an American
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625:Myers, Isabel Briggs with Peter B. Myers (1995) .
231:Early life, education and professional experience
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627:Gifts Differing: Understanding Personality Type
976:California State University, Fullerton faculty
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708:, Center for Applications of Personality Type
629:. Mountain View, CA: Davies-Black Publishing.
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243:and his master's and doctorate degrees from
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227:and the coaching of children and adults.
490:attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
354:. He considered himself the last of the
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257:California State University, Fullerton
191:California State University, Fullerton
832:
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412:Introverted Thinking: INTPs and ISTPs
971:Claremont Graduate University alumni
618:
599:
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579:Jung, Carl Gustav (August 1, 1971).
451:Extraverted Sensing: ESFPs and ESTPs
429:Introverted Sensing: ISTJs and ISFJs
207:(1998), he laid out a self-assessed
946:20th-century American psychologists
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263:Development of temperament theories
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25:
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607:Prometheus Nemesis Book Company.
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445:Extraverted iNtuition: ENFPs and
712:"Sorting Temperaments" interview
706:The Story of Isabel Briggs Myers
455:Keirsey, however, influenced by
290:Keirsey traced his work back to
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432:Extraverted Feeling: ENFJs and
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583:. Princeton University Press.
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369:, which proposed a concept of
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1:
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488:stimulants as a treatment of
245:Claremont Graduate University
100:Claremont Graduate University
211:questionnaire, known as the
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379:Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
145:California State University
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752:Keirsey Temperament Sorter
497:Attention Deficit Disorder
334:, Raymond Holden Wheeler,
213:Keirsey Temperament Sorter
189:, a professor emeritus at
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981:Personality psychologists
966:People from Ada, Oklahoma
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523:Chemical imbalance theory
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672:"The Great A.D.D. Hoax"
603:Keirsey, David (1998).
415:Introverted Intuition:
205:Please Understand Me II
920:Collective unconscious
874:Marie-Louise von Franz
813:Personality psychology
716:Pomona Alumni Magazine
495:Keirsey asserted that
438:Extraverted Thinking:
134:Personality psychology
951:Pomona College alumni
899:Katharine Cook Briggs
860:Analytical psychology
818:Analytical psychology
518:Biological psychiatry
422:Introverted Feeling:
356:Gestalt psychologists
27:American psychologist
925:Personal unconscious
807:Please Understand Me
651:"Abuse it – Lose it"
235:Keirsey was born in
217:Please Understand Me
200:Please Understand Me
111:Please Understand Me
501:Artisan temperament
383:behavioral sciences
375:Isabel Briggs Myers
371:psychological types
367:Psychological Types
365:published the book
221:conflict management
397:, psychology, and
157:David West Keirsey
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696:Keirsey's website
674:. 19 October 2019
568:"A Turning Point"
555:"A Turning Point"
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124:Scientific career
16:(Redirected from
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344:Rudolf Dreikurs
332:Wolfgang Kohler
324:Gregory Bateson
316:William Sheldon
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653:. 26 June 2020
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676:. Retrieved
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655:. Retrieved
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486:psychotropic
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387:anthropology
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340:Alfred Adler
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269:temperaments
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187:psychologist
156:
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140:Institutions
123:
109:
75:(2013-07-30)
961:1921 births
956:2013 deaths
336:Erich Fromm
292:Hippocrates
209:personality
82:Citizenship
940:Categories
678:2020-03-27
657:2021-07-23
529:References
457:Kretschmer
308:John Dewey
249:delinquent
225:counseling
193:, and the
55:1921-08-31
915:Archetype
884:Carl Jung
784:Guardians
772:Idealists
766:Rationals
442:and ESTJs
426:and ISFPs
419:and INTJs
399:sociology
363:Carl Jung
361:In 1921,
320:Jay Haley
300:Aristotle
143:formerly
908:Concepts
778:Artisans
507:See also
395:ethology
285:Rational
281:Idealist
277:Guardian
86:American
63:Oklahoma
391:biology
273:Artisan
18:Keirsey
867:People
633:
611:
587:
350:, and
283:, and
195:author
130:Fields
786:(SJs)
780:(SPs)
774:(NFs)
768:(NTs)
447:ENTPs
440:ENTJs
434:ESFJs
424:INFPs
417:INFJs
296:Plato
631:ISBN
609:ISBN
585:ISBN
298:and
70:Died
49:Born
172:ɜːr
942::
714:,
596:^
473:SP
469:SJ
465:NT
461:NF
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