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246:
59:
40:
81:
726:
The wood of the mountain laurel is heavy and strong but brittle, with a close, straight grain. It has never been a viable commercial crop as it does not grow large enough, yet it is suitable for wreaths, furniture, bowls and other household items. It was used in the early 19th century in wooden-works
589:
during the 18th century. It is still widely grown for its attractive flowers and year-round evergreen leaves. Elliptic, alternate, leathery, glossy evergreen leaves (to 5" long) are dark green above and yellow green beneath and reminiscent of the leaves of rhododendrons. All parts of this plant are
342:
shrub growing 3–9 m (9.8–29.5 ft) tall. The leaves are 3–12 cm long and 1–4 cm wide. The flowers are hexagonal, sometimes appearing to be pentagonal, ranging from light pink to white, and occur in clusters. There are several named
511:
are bent and brought into tension. When an insect lands on the flower, the tension is released, catapulting the pollen forcefully onto the insect. Experiments have shown the flower capable of flinging its pollen up to 15 cm. Physicist
485:. In low, wet areas it grows densely, but in dry uplands has a more sparse form. In the southern Appalachians, laurel thickets are referred to as "laurel hells" because it is nearly impossible to pass through one.
1631:
404:
3008:
353:
1537:
640:
416:
1643:
682:
3003:
1704:
Taylor, Linda
Averill 1940 Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes. Cambridge, Massachusetts. Botanical Museum of Harvard University (p. 48)
598:
and from the plant breeding of Dr. Richard Jaynes. Jaynes has numerous named varieties that he has created and is considered the world's authority on
347:
that have darker shades of pink, red and maroon. It blooms in May and June. All parts of the plant are poisonous. The roots are fibrous and matted.
2748:
1457:
855:, rub leaf ooze into the scratched skin of ball players to prevent cramps, and use a leaf salve for healing. They also use the wood for carving.
1303:
428:
667:
2826:
1733:
1671:
2978:
698:
2993:
1713:
Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey 1975 Cherokee Plants and Their Uses – A 400 Year
History. Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co. (p. 42)
1069:
1559:
1040:
1763:
2888:
2696:
1772:
3033:
2761:
2709:
965:
956:
847:
of leaves on scratches made over location of the pain. They also rub the bristly edges of ten to twelve leaves over the skin for
594:
have been selected with varying flower color. Many of the cultivars have originated from the
Connecticut Experiment Station in
2792:
1338:
1251:
1602:
3018:
2766:
2983:
647:
2998:
1286:
446:
3013:
1489:
784:
3028:
655:
2831:
917:
3023:
2735:
1679:
1379:
88:
1404:
851:, crush the leaves to rub brier scratches, use an infusion as a wash "to get rid of pests", use a compound as a
1756:
438:
2906:
507:
It is also notable for its unusual method of dispensing its pollen. As the flower grows, the filaments of its
2813:
961:
1354:
1225:
2688:
2512:
1639:
1533:
1465:
788:
674:
517:
1429:
542:
The plant was first recorded in
America in 1624, but it was named after the Finnish explorer and botanist
2914:
610:
987:
2901:
2714:
2605:
1606:
947:
795:
begin to appear about 6 hours following ingestion. Symptoms include irregular or difficulty breathing,
304:
895:
380:
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1749:
1307:
1097:
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1840:
103:
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1021:
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316:
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368:
2753:
2683:
2567:
2354:
2333:
2276:
1179:"Pollen Dispersal by Catapult: Experiments of Lyman J. Briggs on the Flower of Mountain Laurel"
1132:"Pollen Dispersal by Catapult: Experiments of Lyman J. Briggs on the Flower of Mountain Laurel"
2867:
2779:
2506:
2406:
2260:
2244:
2239:
1794:
1570:
1034:
614:
554:
284:
220:
2844:
481:, it can become a tree but is a shrub farther north. The species is a frequent component of
392:
2647:
2446:
2369:
2265:
2147:
2019:
1950:
1908:
1190:
1143:
1059:. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation.
689:
473:
in the 4.5 to 5.5 range. The plant often grows in large thickets, covering great areas of
8:
2862:
2086:
1512:
595:
562:
465:
The plant is naturally found on rocky slopes and mountainous forest areas. It thrives in
320:
48:
20:
2880:
2616:
1194:
1147:
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872:
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2416:
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1850:
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1206:
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796:
98:
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2004:
1940:
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1210:
1163:
705:
2955:
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2307:
2213:
2194:
2157:
1994:
1865:
1198:
1151:
890:
586:
482:
324:
516:
became fascinated with this phenomenon in the 1950s after his retirement from the
2988:
2045:
1044:
1036:
The
Natural Communities of Virginia Classification of Ecological Community Groups
513:
276:
141:
2942:
2919:
2818:
1057:
Classification of the natural communities of North
Carolina: third approximation
2875:
2626:
2590:
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2426:
2329:
2229:
2208:
2204:
2070:
2055:
1984:
1924:
1891:
128:
2854:
1202:
1155:
2972:
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2456:
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2178:
2153:
2051:
2035:
1960:
881:
732:
547:
236:
68:
63:
1177:
Nimmo, John R.; Hermann, Paula M.; Kirkham, M. B.; Landa, Edward R. (2014).
1130:
Nimmo, John R.; Hermann, Paula M.; Kirkham, M. B.; Landa, Edward R. (2014).
2932:
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768:
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718:
478:
474:
312:
2800:
2722:
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2092:
1856:
501:
308:
823:
of animals who have died from spoonwood poisoning show gastrointestinal
2701:
2184:
2174:
2127:
1836:
1038:(Version 2.3), Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, 2010
848:
824:
812:
800:
245:
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2010:
1964:
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339:
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187:
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1131:
2927:
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2256:
2133:
2113:
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2061:
2041:
2014:
2000:
1956:
1877:
1846:
1826:
1670:
Russell, Alice B.; Hardin, James W.; Grand, Larry; Fraser, Angela.
852:
844:
836:
820:
808:
792:
591:
344:
177:
167:
154:
39:
2740:
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2462:
2412:
2123:
1970:
1887:
1820:
1816:
1785:
791:
symptoms in humans eating more than a modest amount. Symptoms of
772:
508:
496:
has been marked as a pollinator plant, supporting and attracting
470:
296:
292:
272:
539:(because Native Americans used to make their spoons out of it).
2652:
2288:
2143:
1990:
1936:
1913:
1806:
1557:
783:
are all toxic, including food products made from them, such as
780:
776:
760:
748:
197:
520:
and conducted a series of experiments in order to explain it.
19:"Calico bush" redirects here. For the Rachel Field novel, see
2392:
2188:
2065:
2031:
1974:
1946:
1881:
1830:
804:
752:
560:
means "with broad leaves" – as opposed to its sister species
288:
115:
988:"How the mountain laurel became Pennsylvania's state flower"
2482:
2402:
2235:
2198:
1980:
864:
816:
764:
756:
728:
624:'Little Linda' – dwarf cultivar to 1 m (3.3 ft)
573:
is not closely related to the true laurels of the family
1176:
1129:
807:
and nose, cardiac distress, incoordination, depression,
722:
Wood railing section made with mountain laurel branches
606:
422:
Bee pollinating mountain laurel on
Occoneechee Mountain
1771:
1669:
3009:
Plants used in traditional Native
American medicine
410:
Blooming and wilted flowers on the same flower head
1322:
896:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T62002834A62002836.en
585:The plant was originally brought to Europe as an
2970:
1558:Horton, Jenner L.; Edge, W.Daniel (July 1994).
739:. It can be used for handrails or guard rails.
621:'Freckles' – pale pink flowers, heavily spotted
1020:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp.
731:were used for pipe bowls in place of imported
1757:
918:"NatureServe Explorer 2.0 - Kalmia latifolia"
3004:Natural history of the Great Smoky Mountains
1306:. Flower and Garden Magazine. Archived from
1095:
1325:Kalmia: Mountain Laurel and Related Species
870:
627:'Olympic Fire' – red buds opening pale pink
460:
1764:
1750:
1484:
1482:
830:
244:
79:
57:
38:
1510:
1111:. United States Department of Agriculture
1055:Schafale, M. P. and A. S. Weakley. 1990.
1017:Our Native Trees and How to Identify Them
894:
1276:
1009:
1007:
717:
609:the following cultivars have gained the
1726:Connecticut Botanical Society Profile:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1479:
1452:
1450:
966:United States Department of Agriculture
957:Germplasm Resources Information Network
2971:
1626:
1624:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1511:Galbraith, Gene (September 12, 2006).
1320:
1301:
1223:
1013:
942:
940:
938:
2566:
2565:
1745:
1270:
1004:
985:
1672:"Poisonous Plants: Kalmia latifolia"
1658:
1447:
1281:. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley.
1226:"Mountain Laurel (Kalmia latifolia)"
815:, weakness, convulsions, paralysis,
569:Despite the name "mountain laurel",
287:. Its range stretches from southern
2979:IUCN Red List least concern species
1621:
1588:
935:
882:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
13:
2994:Flora of the Appalachian Mountains
2549:, beautification and conservation
1773:State flowers of the United States
1737:images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu
1676:Poisonous Plants of North Carolina
1560:"Deer-resistant Ornamental Plants"
14:
3045:
1719:
1640:U.S. Food and Drug Administration
1567:Oregon State University Extension
1302:Shreet, Sharon (April–May 1996).
546:(1716–1779), who sent samples to
2907:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:279164-2
1462:Fire Effects Information Service
787:that may produce neurotoxic and
775:. The green parts of the plant,
697:
681:
666:
654:
639:
445:
427:
415:
403:
391:
379:
367:
352:
102:
1707:
1698:
1680:North Carolina State University
1551:
1526:
1504:
1492:. Wood Magazine.com. 2001-10-29
1422:
1397:
1372:
1347:
1314:
1295:
1244:
1224:Harris, Tony (11 August 2015).
1217:
1170:
1123:
799:, repeated swallowing, profuse
3034:Garden plants of North America
1513:"The legacy of the Ogee Clock"
1089:
1062:
1049:
1028:
979:
910:
767:, monkeys, and humans, due to
751:to several animals, including
648:Real JardĂn Botánico de Madrid
646:'Clementine Churchill' in the
580:
439:North Smithfield, Rhode Island
330:
327:in southwestern Pennsylvania.
1:
2087:Pink and white lady's slipper
1642:. May 4, 2009. Archived from
1609:School of Veterinary Medicine
962:Agricultural Research Service
858:
452:Mountain Laurel fruiting body
1466:United States Forest Service
1109:United States Forest Service
675:Christchurch Botanic Gardens
590:toxic if ingested. Numerous
523:
518:National Bureau of Standards
7:
3019:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1458:"Species: Kalmia latifolia"
1321:Jaynes, Richard A. (1997).
1277:Harrison, Lorraine (2012).
1258:. Missouri Botanical Garden
1256:missouribotanicalgarden.org
1014:Keeler, Harriet L. (1900).
986:Stich, Kelly (2021-06-11).
742:
611:Royal Horticultural Society
10:
3050:
2984:NatureServe secure species
2537:, state children's flower
2036:White pine cone and tassel
1607:University of Pennsylvania
488:
18:
2999:Trees of Northern America
2574:
2526:
2487:Bougainvillea spectabilis
1779:
1203:10.1007/s00016-014-0141-9
1156:10.1007/s00016-014-0141-9
319:in Kentucky, the city of
303:. Mountain laurel is the
243:
226:
219:
99:Scientific classification
97:
77:
55:
46:
37:
30:
3014:Plants described in 1753
1851:Rocky Mountain columbine
922:explorer.natureserve.org
889:: e.T62002834A62002836.
819:, and eventually death.
566:, "with narrow leaves".
461:Distribution and habitat
315:. It is the namesake of
283:, that is native to the
3029:Symbols of Pennsylvania
1279:RHS Latin for Gardeners
831:Use by Native Americans
713:
3024:Symbols of Connecticut
2543:, state floral emblem
1821:Saguaro cactus blossom
1430:"RHS Plant Selector –
1183:Physics in Perspective
1136:Physics in Perspective
723:
688:'Olympic Fire' in the
721:
615:Award of Garden Merit
362:leaves and early buds
285:eastern United States
2381:Tennessee coneflower
2370:Purple passionflower
2308:Penngift crown vetch
2245:Large white trillium
1951:Syringa, mock orange
1230:mycherokeegarden.com
871:Stritch, L. (2018).
839:use the plant as an
805:watering of the eyes
735:unattainable during
690:Dorothy Clive Garden
279:in the heath family
2531:: state wildflower
2163:Pink lady's slipper
1405:"RHS Plantfinder –
1380:"RHS Plantfinder –
1355:"RHS Plantfinder –
1195:2014PhP....16..371N
1148:2014PhP....16..371N
747:Mountain laurel is
563:Kalmia angustifolia
321:Laurel, Mississippi
49:Conservation status
21:Calico Bush (novel)
2437:Coast rhododendron
1795:Oak-leaf hydrangea
1603:"Kalmia latifolia"
1252:"Kalmia latifolia"
1096:McNabb, W. Henry.
1043:2009-01-15 at the
992:Pennsylvania Wilds
724:
386:Beginning to bloom
291:south to northern
2966:
2965:
2840:Open Tree of Life
2568:Taxon identifiers
2559:
2558:
2467:Indian paintbrush
2240:Scarlet carnation
2230:Wild prairie rose
2209:Flowering dogwood
1985:Wild prairie rose
1941:Hawaiian hibiscus
1646:on March 14, 2010
1534:"Mountain Laurel"
1490:"Mountain Laurel"
1340:978-0-88192-367-4
1304:"Mountain Laurel"
1070:"Planting Guides"
706:Brookside Gardens
531:is also known as
483:oak-heath forests
252:
251:
212:K. latifolia
92:
72:
3041:
2959:
2958:
2946:
2945:
2936:
2935:
2923:
2922:
2910:
2909:
2897:
2896:
2884:
2883:
2871:
2870:
2868:Kalmia latifolia
2858:
2857:
2855:Kalmia_latifolia
2848:
2847:
2835:
2834:
2822:
2821:
2819:NHMSYS0100001861
2809:
2808:
2796:
2795:
2783:
2782:
2770:
2769:
2757:
2756:
2744:
2743:
2731:
2730:
2718:
2717:
2705:
2704:
2692:
2691:
2679:
2678:
2669:
2668:
2656:
2655:
2643:
2642:
2630:
2629:
2620:
2619:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2606:Kalmia latifolia
2595:
2594:
2593:
2576:Kalmia latifolia
2563:
2562:
2554:
2553:
2548:
2547:
2542:
2541:
2536:
2535:
2427:American dogwood
2388:
2387:
2377:
2376:
2346:
2345:
2334:Yellow jessamine
2315:
2314:
2284:
2283:
2273:
2272:
2252:
2251:
2221:
2220:
2170:
2169:
2109:
2108:
2078:
2077:
2046:Black-eyed susan
2027:
2026:
1932:
1931:
1921:
1920:
1904:
1903:
1873:
1872:
1866:Mirabilis jalapa
1841:California poppy
1802:
1801:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1743:
1742:
1735:Kalmia latifolia
1728:Kalmia latifolia
1714:
1711:
1705:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1682:. Archived from
1667:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1628:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1599:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1575:
1569:. Archived from
1564:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1486:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1454:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1432:Kalmia latifolia
1426:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1407:Kalmia latifolia
1401:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1382:Kalmia latifolia
1376:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1357:Kalmia latifolia
1351:
1345:
1344:
1329:. Portland, OR:
1328:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1106:
1100:Kalmia latifolia
1093:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1083:
1074:
1066:
1060:
1053:
1047:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1011:
1002:
1001:
999:
998:
983:
977:
976:
974:
972:
950:Kalmia latifolia
944:
933:
932:
930:
928:
914:
908:
907:
905:
903:
898:
875:Kalmia latifolia
868:
789:gastrointestinal
701:
685:
670:
658:
643:
600:Kalmia latifolia
587:ornamental plant
571:Kalmia latifolia
555:specific epithet
529:Kalmia latifolia
494:Kalmia latifolia
449:
435:Kalmia latifolia
431:
419:
407:
395:
383:
371:
356:
336:Kalmia latifolia
325:Laurel Highlands
256:Kalmia latifolia
248:
232:
230:Kalmia latifolia
107:
106:
86:
83:
82:
66:
61:
60:
42:
32:Kalmia latifolia
28:
27:
16:Species of plant
3049:
3048:
3044:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3038:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2962:
2954:
2949:
2941:
2939:
2931:
2926:
2918:
2913:
2905:
2900:
2892:
2887:
2879:
2874:
2866:
2861:
2853:
2851:
2843:
2838:
2830:
2825:
2817:
2812:
2804:
2799:
2791:
2786:
2778:
2773:
2765:
2760:
2752:
2747:
2739:
2734:
2726:
2721:
2713:
2708:
2700:
2695:
2687:
2682:
2674:
2672:
2664:
2659:
2651:
2646:
2638:
2633:
2625:
2623:
2615:
2613:
2604:
2603:
2598:
2589:
2588:
2583:
2570:
2560:
2555:
2551:
2550:
2545:
2544:
2539:
2538:
2533:
2532:
2522:
2521:
2477:Paogo (Ulafala)
2385:
2384:
2374:
2373:
2343:
2342:
2312:
2311:
2303:Mountain laurel
2281:
2280:
2270:
2269:
2249:
2248:
2218:
2217:
2167:
2166:
2106:
2105:
2075:
2074:
2071:Dwarf lake iris
2024:
2023:
1929:
1928:
1918:
1917:
1901:
1900:
1870:
1869:
1861:Mountain laurel
1799:
1798:
1775:
1770:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1699:
1689:
1687:
1668:
1659:
1649:
1647:
1630:
1629:
1622:
1612:
1610:
1601:
1600:
1589:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1562:
1556:
1552:
1542:
1540:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1517:
1515:
1509:
1505:
1495:
1493:
1488:
1487:
1480:
1470:
1468:
1456:
1455:
1448:
1438:
1436:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1413:
1411:
1409:'Olympic Fire'"
1403:
1402:
1398:
1388:
1386:
1384:'Little Linda'"
1378:
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2397:Bluebonnet sp.
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2253:
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2020:Louisiana iris
2007:
1997:
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1892:Orange blossom
1884:
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1720:External links
1718:
1716:
1715:
1706:
1697:
1657:
1632:"Grayanotoxin"
1620:
1587:
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1525:
1503:
1478:
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1346:
1339:
1313:
1310:on 2012-05-26.
1294:
1288:978-1845337315
1287:
1269:
1243:
1216:
1189:(3): 371–389.
1169:
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1077:Pollinator.org
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704:'Pinwheel' in
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661:'Little Linda'
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635:Some cultivars
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2261:Oklahoma rose
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1925:Cherokee rose
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1882:Peach blossom
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1811:Forget-me-not
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1686:on 2013-01-04
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1576:on 2012-03-29
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1451:
1435:
1434:'Pink Charm'"
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727:clocks. Root
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317:Laurel County
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129:Tracheophytes
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70:
65:
64:Least Concern
54:
50:
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36:
33:
29:
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22:
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2528:
2517:Yellow elder
2511:
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2293:Oregon grape
2287:
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2255:
2243:
2234:
2224:
2212:
2203:
2193:
2189:Yucca flower
2183:
2173:
2161:
2158:Purple lilac
2152:
2142:
2132:
2122:
2112:
2100:
2091:
2081:
2069:
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2018:
2009:
1999:
1989:
1979:
1969:
1955:
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1923:
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1855:
1845:
1835:
1825:
1815:
1805:
1793:
1784:
1734:
1727:
1709:
1700:
1688:. Retrieved
1684:the original
1675:
1648:. Retrieved
1644:the original
1636:Bad Bug Book
1635:
1611:. Retrieved
1578:. Retrieved
1571:the original
1553:
1541:. Retrieved
1528:
1516:. Retrieved
1506:
1494:. Retrieved
1469:. Retrieved
1461:
1439:26 September
1437:. Retrieved
1431:
1424:
1412:. Retrieved
1406:
1399:
1387:. Retrieved
1381:
1374:
1362:. Retrieved
1356:
1349:
1331:Timber Press
1324:
1316:
1308:the original
1297:
1278:
1272:
1260:. Retrieved
1255:
1246:
1234:. Retrieved
1229:
1219:
1186:
1182:
1172:
1139:
1135:
1125:
1113:. Retrieved
1108:
1099:
1091:
1080:. Retrieved
1076:
1064:
1056:
1051:
1035:
1030:
1016:
995:. Retrieved
991:
981:
969:. Retrieved
955:
949:
925:. Retrieved
921:
912:
900:. Retrieved
886:
880:
874:
866:
834:
769:grayanotoxin
746:
737:World War II
725:
673:'Minuet' in
630:'Pink Charm'
604:
599:
584:
570:
568:
561:
557:
552:
541:
536:
532:
528:
527:
506:
502:hummingbirds
493:
492:
479:Appalachians
475:forest floor
464:
456:
434:
360:K. latifolia
359:
335:
334:
313:Pennsylvania
305:state flower
268:
264:
260:
255:
254:
253:
229:
227:
211:
210:
198:
161:
148:
135:
122:
31:
25:
2881:kew-2333573
2801:NatureServe
2723:iNaturalist
2600:Wikispecies
2497:Flores mayo
2457:Wood violet
1359:'Freckles'"
1236:22 February
1232:. WordPress
971:12 December
902:19 November
811:, frequent
785:toxic honey
733:briar burls
581:Cultivation
498:butterflies
374:Flower buds
331:Description
309:Connecticut
265:calico-bush
142:Angiosperms
89:NatureServe
2973:Categories
2876:Plant List
2417:Red clover
2128:Bitterroot
1518:October 3,
1142:(3): 383.
1082:2022-01-29
997:2024-01-31
859:References
849:rheumatism
825:hemorrhage
813:defecation
801:salivation
708:, Maryland
553:The Latin
398:Full bloom
323:, and the
2689:220007026
2407:Sego lily
2339:Goldenrod
2277:Mistletoe
2148:Sagebrush
2138:Goldenrod
2056:Mayflower
2005:Goldenrod
1995:Sunflower
1211:121070863
1164:121070863
841:analgesic
749:poisonous
692:, England
592:cultivars
575:Lauraceae
558:latifolia
544:Pehr Kalm
537:spoonwood
524:Etymology
477:. In the
467:acid soil
345:cultivars
340:evergreen
301:Louisiana
281:Ericaceae
269:spoonwood
206:Species:
188:Ericaceae
112:Kingdom:
2940:VASCAN:
2933:12300612
2928:Tropicos
2852:PalDat:
2806:2.159823
2780:62002834
2754:11417249
2741:279164-2
2591:Q1235131
2585:Wikidata
2118:Hawthorn
2102:Tickseed
2097:Magnolia
2015:Magnolia
1965:Milkweed
1897:Tickseed
1790:Camellia
1414:16 March
1389:16 March
1364:16 March
1115:27 April
1041:Archived
853:liniment
845:infusion
837:Cherokee
821:Necropsy
809:vomiting
797:anorexia
793:toxicity
743:Toxicity
548:Linnaeus
184:Family:
178:Ericales
168:Asterids
155:Eudicots
69:IUCN 3.1
2788:MoBotPF
2702:2883005
2529:Italics
1262:16 June
1191:Bibcode
1144:Bibcode
777:flowers
773:arbutin
605:In the
533:ivybush
509:stamens
489:Ecology
471:soil pH
297:Indiana
293:Florida
273:species
271:, is a
194:Genus:
174:Order:
116:Plantae
87: (
85:Secure
67: (
2989:Kalmia
2889:PLANTS
2845:743767
2793:279967
2676:kallat
2673:FEIS:
2653:595778
2614:AoFP:
2324:Violet
2179:Violet
1961:Violet
1914:Azalea
1690:Oct 3,
1650:Oct 7,
1613:Oct 3,
1580:Oct 3,
1543:Oct 3,
1496:Oct 3,
1471:Oct 3,
1337:
1285:
1209:
1162:
781:pollen
761:cattle
753:horses
596:Hamden
338:is an
259:, the
199:Kalmia
2832:45902
2767:23677
2749:IRMNG
2728:49397
2715:21115
2666:KAMLA
2640:3QZB6
2624:APA:
1975:Peony
1574:(PDF)
1563:(PDF)
1538:ASPCA
1207:S2CID
1160:S2CID
1105:(PDF)
1073:(PDF)
1024:–189.
927:4 May
757:goats
729:burls
289:Maine
267:, or
162:Clade
149:Clade
136:Clade
123:Clade
2943:5530
2920:9708
2902:POWO
2894:KALA
2863:PfaF
2827:NCBI
2775:IUCN
2762:ITIS
2736:IPNI
2710:GRIN
2697:GBIF
2661:EPPO
2627:1740
2617:3648
2507:Maga
2365:Iris
2199:Rose
1692:2011
1652:2011
1615:2011
1582:2011
1545:2011
1520:2011
1498:2011
1473:2011
1441:2020
1416:2018
1391:2018
1366:2018
1335:ISBN
1283:ISBN
1264:2018
1238:2020
1117:2015
973:2017
929:2020
904:2021
887:2018
835:The
817:coma
771:and
765:deer
714:Wood
500:and
311:and
299:and
2951:WFO
2915:RHS
2814:NBN
2684:FNA
2648:EoL
2635:CoL
1199:doi
1152:doi
1102:L."
1022:186
891:doi
763:,
613:'s
535:or
437:in
307:of
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2473:AS
2463:WY
2453:WI
2443:WV
2433:WA
2423:VA
2413:VT
2403:UT
2393:TX
2386:WF
2378:,
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2367:,
2361:TN
2351:SD
2344:WF
2336:,
2330:SC
2320:RI
2313:BC
2305:,
2299:PA
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2282:FE
2274:,
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2257:OK
2250:WF
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2226:ND
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2205:NC
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2185:NM
2175:NJ
2168:WF
2160:,
2154:NH
2144:NV
2134:NE
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2107:WF
2099:,
2093:MS
2083:MN
2076:WF
2068:,
2062:MI
2052:MA
2042:MD
2032:ME
2025:WF
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2011:LA
2001:KY
1991:KS
1981:IA
1971:IN
1963:,
1957:IL
1947:ID
1937:HI
1930:FE
1922:,
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1909:GA
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