240:
drawing mainly on published German sources, although it also incorporates the author's archival research. His approach is "integrated history" which attempts to create a full picture of events by examining them from all perspectives and contexts. Wachsmann argues that there were no "typical"
220:
The book dispels the idea that German people were ignorant of what went on in the concentration camps. For example, some of the first concentration camps set up in 1933 were deliberately located in working-class neighborhoods of Berlin so that the population would learn what happened to Nazi
44:
248:
Wachsmann ends the book with a vignette about Moritz
Choinowski, a Polish Jew liberated by the United States Army at Dachau. Choinowski had survived more than 2,000 days in concentration camps and wondered to another liberated prisoner, "Is this possible?"
378:) continued to use "KL". In this book, "KL", or concentration camp, normally refers to SS camps under the authority of the IKL (from 1934) and WVHA (from 1942); at times, I also use the generic "camps" to refer to these sites."
233:, or dedicated extermination camps rather than in the concentration camp system. Although Jews made up a majority of deaths in concentration camps, they ranged from 10–30% of the population depending on the time period.
1440:
1420:
1381:
633:
581:
221:
opponents. It also corrects misunderstandings that all concentration camps were similar. In fact, there was great diversity in them, especially between standard concentration camps and the
190:, the German word for "concentration camp". Another abbreviation, KZ, was used by prisoners and others informally, and eclipsed the popularity of KL in German after the war. According to
271:, Wachsmann's book is a "significant to our understanding of early-20th-century history." She credits Wachsmann for being obsessed with precision and "a stickler for dates and times".
984:
1430:
198:, who did not want competing camps outside of his system." Wachsmann chose the original acronym to "reveal the system as seen by its contemporaries", Marcuse writes. The book's
1125:
972:
358:, doc. 277. Prisoners also applied the term, though they more commonly used the harsher sounding "KZ", which became the standard abbreviaton in postwar Germany (Kamiński,
1471:
607:
30:
1261:
559:
237:
857:
466:
350:, 2015): "The term "KL" remained the main SS abbreviation for concentration camps throughout the Third Reich. For popular references to "KL", see
1246:
1529:
1425:
1153:
288:
described the book as "a huge and necessary contribution to our understanding of this chilling subject". He describes the book as both
1008:
236:
Throughout the book, Wachsmann presents a generalization and then complicates the picture with counterexamples. The book is a work of
1376:
1003:
1539:
1534:
1256:
1386:
1060:
1055:
850:
826:
611:
1297:
1210:
691:
634:"Susan Southard, Nikolaus Wachsmann and Steve Luxenberg Named Winners of the 2016 J. Anthony Lukas Prize Project Awards"
1361:
1089:
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1101:
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843:
119:
1084:
933:
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292:
and intimate, in that it gives the big picture while humanizing the story with anecdotes. According to a review by
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242:
97:
93:
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866:
194:, "the official Nazi abbreviation ... was guarded like a trademark by the system's potentate,
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324:
212:: "May the world at least behold a drop, a fraction of this tragic world in which we lived."
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26:
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209:
195:
167:
1193:
1446:
1342:
1285:
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816:
745:
Laczó, Ferenc (2015). "Review of KL. A History of the Nazi
Concentration Camps".
705:
298:
285:
774:
258:
226:
204:
191:
144:
1366:
467:"KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps by Nikolaus Wachsmann – review"
257:
The book was described as "prodigious but eminently readable" in a review by
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804:
758:
696:
687:
370:, 1946, 4). Still, some survivors (Internationales Lagerkommitee Buchenwald,
268:
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225:. Wachsmann argues that the concentration camps were only peripheral to the
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835:
471:
280:
729:
133:
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766:
560:"'KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps,' by Nikolaus Wachsmann"
1502:
1302:
582:"KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps by Nikolaus Wachsmann"
302:, the book "renders the unimaginable evil of the camps relatable".
289:
230:
229:, because most Jewish victims of the Holocaust died in shootings,
1198:
199:
411:
127:
43:
1413:
608:"Nikolaus Wachsmann Wins Jewish Quarterly-Wingate Prize"
401:
399:
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514:
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510:
508:
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491:
489:
392:
182:
The book is named after the SS abbreviation, KL, for
536:
716:(2017). "Three New Perspectives on the Holocaust".
524:
501:
486:
1516:
779:"KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps"
37:KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps
851:
818:KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps
348:KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps
163:KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps
23:KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps
865:
659:"KL - The 2016 Wolfson History Prize Winner"
183:
576:
275:considers the book "world-making history".
1154:SS Main Economic and Administrative Office
858:
844:
42:
811:
428:
426:
417:
692:"What we don't know about the Holocaust"
460:
458:
821:. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
773:
432:
405:
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686:
605:
530:
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423:
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554:
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21:The correct title of this article is
13:
610:. Jewish Quarterly. Archived from
14:
1551:
1530:History books about the Holocaust
1497:Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos
465:Lezard, Nicholas (12 July 2016).
1149:Concentration Camps Inspectorate
374:) and scholars (Herbert at al.,
16:Book by Nikolaus Wachsmann, 2015
1540:Farrar, Straus and Giroux books
1535:Little, Brown and Company books
747:The Hungarian Historical Review
651:
626:
599:
570:
548:
337:
313:Jewish Quarterly-Wingate Prize
1:
606:Fisher, Ben (14 March 2016).
385:
1165:Deutsche Wirtschaftsbetriebe
1159:German Earth and Stone Works
252:
7:
1310:Disciplinary and Penal Code
215:
10:
1556:
784:American Historical Review
264:American Historical Review
25:. The substitution of the
20:
1484:
1404:
1397:
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1262:Identification of inmates
1234:
1181:
1141:
873:
663:The Wolfson History Prize
319:Mark Lynton History Prize
305:
139:
125:
113:
103:
98:Farrar, Straus and Giroux
94:Little, Brown and Company
89:
81:
71:
63:
53:
41:
867:Nazi concentration camps
330:
202:is a quotation from the
177:
1472:Soviet prisoners of war
1204:SS construction brigade
718:Jewish Quarterly Review
690:(8–24 September 2015).
1525:2015 non-fiction books
442:London Review of Books
420:, p. 635, note 9.
184:
31:technical restrictions
1454:Sonder- und Ehrenhaft
1372:Schutzhaftlagerführer
797:10.1093/ahr/122.1.139
730:10.1353/jqr.2017.0030
436:(23 September 2015).
325:Wolfson History Prize
1409:Prisoner functionary
1216:Politische Abteilung
1171:SS-Totenkopfverbände
354:, January 24, 1935,
1492:Der Ort des Terrors
1441:Political prisoners
1431:Jehovah's Witnesses
1056:Natzweiler-Struthof
813:Wachsmann, Nikolaus
438:"Devoted to Terror"
376:Konzentrationslager
360:Konzentrationslager
223:extermination camps
186:Konzentrationslager
38:
638:nieman.harvard.edu
578:Kahn-Harris, Keith
564:The New York Times
344:Nikolaus Wachsmann
172:Nikolaus Wachsmann
166:is a 2015 book by
58:Nikolaus Wachsmann
36:
1512:
1511:
1480:
1479:
1336:Arbeit macht frei
828:978-0-374-11825-9
294:Keith Kahn-Harris
273:Thomas W. Laqueur
238:synthetic history
159:
158:
76:Holocaust studies
1547:
1402:
1401:
1387:Luftwaffe guards
860:
853:
846:
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753:(4): 1047–1050.
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614:on 16 March 2016
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580:(9 April 2015).
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267:. According to
210:Zalman Gradowski
196:Heinrich Himmler
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168:Birkbeck College
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105:Publication date
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1462:"Race defilers"
1447:Nacht und Nebel
1393:
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1343:Jedem das Seine
1230:
1177:
1137:
869:
864:
829:
775:Marcuse, Harold
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586:The Independent
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558:(7 July 2015).
553:
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545:, p. 1047.
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299:The Independent
286:Nicholas Lezard
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1485:Historiography
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1467:Roma and Sinti
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1044:Mittelbau-Dora
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1004:Kraków-Płaszów
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791:(1): 139–141.
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724:(4): 569–575.
710:
688:Bourke, Joanna
676:
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625:
598:
569:
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498:, p. 574.
485:
454:
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418:Wachsmann 2015
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366:, 259; Kogon,
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259:Harold Marcuse
254:
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227:Final Solution
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205:Sonderkommando
192:Harold Marcuse
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153:/9780374535926
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1211:Camp brothels
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1194:Sanitätswesen
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697:New Statesman
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533:, p. 60.
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269:Joanna Bourke
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48:First edition
45:
40:
32:
28:
24:
19:
1501:
1452:
1445:
1341:
1334:
1319:
1257:Forced labor
1247:Action 14f14
1242:Action 14f13
1182:Subdivisions
1169:
817:
788:
782:
750:
746:
721:
717:
714:Hayes, Peter
695:
680:
679:
666:. Retrieved
662:
653:
641:. Retrieved
637:
628:
616:. Retrieved
612:the original
601:
589:. Retrieved
585:
572:
563:
556:Cohen, Roger
550:
538:
526:
476:. Retrieved
472:The Guardian
470:
445:. Retrieved
441:
413:
406:Marcuse 2017
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
339:
297:
281:The Guardian
279:
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262:
256:
247:
235:
219:
203:
181:
162:
161:
160:
22:
18:
1426:Homosexuals
1367:Lagerführer
1252:Early camps
1189:Appellplatz
1085:Ravensbrück
1080:Niederhagen
946:Gross-Rosen
934:Flossenbürg
881:Arbeitsdorf
531:Bourke 2015
519:Bourke 2015
241:prisoners,
1519:Categories
1421:"Asocials"
1362:Commandant
1068:Neuengamme
1028:Mauthausen
980:Kaiserwald
910:Buchenwald
874:Main camps
706:3838139211
668:18 January
618:18 January
591:18 January
543:Laczó 2015
496:Hayes 2017
478:18 January
447:18 January
386:References
170:professor
147:.macmillan
29:is due to
1398:Prisoners
1382:Wehrmacht
1355:Personnel
1327:Selection
1303:Muselmann
1174:(Camp SS)
886:Auschwitz
805:0002-8762
759:2063-8647
738:165526048
700:: 58–61.
352:The Times
253:Reception
208:prisoner
134:908628850
90:Publisher
82:Published
1331:Slogans
1298:Language
1142:Agencies
1126:subcamps
1114:subcamps
1109:Stutthof
1102:subcamps
1090:subcamps
1073:subcamps
1061:subcamps
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