683:
739:
31:
765:
886:, and later its president. At the time, he was president of the Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company, and it took some persuasion to get him to assume control of his bankrupt rival. He oversaw the reorganization of the shattered company, beginning by stabilizing the railroad and its Coal and Iron Company. A new corporation, the
441:, which was largely mountainous wilderness at the time. After some delays, British and American Boundary Commissions were established in 1856 and formed a joint commission. Harris and G. Clinton Gardner were hired as assistant astronomers. The commissions began to survey and mark the boundary in 1857, beginning at the
791:
on August 5, 1864. By mid-1864, his usefulness to the war effort had been exhausted, as the portion of the coastline with which he was familiar was in Union hands. He again left the Survey and returned north, where he re-joined the
Northwest Boundary Survey, which was then performing its office work.
777:
The results of our mortar practice here have exceeded anything I ever dreamed of; and for my success I am mainly indebted to the accuracy of positions marked down, under Mr. Gerdes' direction, by Mr. Harris and Mr. Oltmanns. They made a minute and complete survey from the 'jump' to the forts, most of
782:
from the bushes.... The position that every vessel was to occupy was marked by a white flag, and we knew to a yard the exact distance of the hole in the mortar from the forts.... Mr. Oltmanns and Mr. Harris remained constantly on board to put the vessels in position again when they had to haul off
220:
When Joseph was a youth, his father, Stephen, realized that he was dying and that his untimely death would likely leave his family destitute. Looking to prolong his life and also leave his wife with a means of supporting herself, in 1850 Stephen Harris sold his farm and moved his family to
507:. The British survey team, using the latest instruments, had a significant rivalry with the Americans, whom they considered uneducated and using inferior instruments. The two parties would sometimes differ on where the 49th parallel was, occasionally by as much as a mile (1.6 km).
722:
based on aiming the weapons from a known, surveyed location at a target with known survey coordinate points. Not all of the firing was blind, however. Currents in the river sometimes caused the gunboats to swing at anchor, thus changing their orientation and causing their
402:; when the weather turned colder, Harris was required to lay up the vessel for the remainder of the winter. He returned to U.S. Coast Survey headquarters to complete some drafting and other engineering work, and resigned from the Survey in the spring of 1856.
761:, in command of the mortar boats, had a reputation for bragging, exaggeration, and embellishment of facts in his reports and correspondence), but the Confederate casualties and the subsequent mutiny of the troops manning the forts are well documented.
890:, was formed to buy the assets of its bankrupt predecessor, and Harris was its first president. A period of much consolidation of the track networks followed, and by the end of the decade, the company reported a combined annual profit of nearly
768:
The original U.S. Coast Survey map of the damage done to Fort
Jackson by the mortar and gunboat bombardment of 1862. This document is in the possession of the Library of Congress, but scanned in lower resolution than the "Official Records"
308:. His older brother Stephen was a sub-assistant in the Coast Survey, and it seems that sibling rivalry played a significant role in his work. Although he displayed many quirks of personality, Joseph Harris was meticulous in his work; his
674:
and refused orders to pass coal to the vessel), Harris continued on to Ship Island, where he arrived on April 9, 1862, to discover that the fleet had left the day before and gone to the mouth of the
Mississippi River.
897:
A down-to-earth civil engineer, Harris foresaw looming difficulties for the
Reading that his senior lieutenants could not or would not see. These included shifts in transportation patterns and the rise of
253:. After the death of his first wife, Harris married Emily Eliza Potts in 1882, and in 1896, after Emily's death, he married her sister, Anna Zelia Potts. His last two marriages were childless. He died "of
1343:
289:, had been president of Central High School. Upon joining the Coast Survey, Harris worked in the late fall of 1854 at Station Yard, Philadelphia, where he was engaged in checking earlier
229:, one of the few business occupations available to respectable women of the time. Stephen Harris's death did indeed leave his family short of money, but his children were able to finish
1440:
679:
proceeded to the
Mississippi River and arrived on April 10, 1862, when Harris turned over command of the small steamer to Ferdinand Gerdes, who had arrived a few days earlier.
277:
later that year), then under construction. He took time off from this job to return to
Philadelphia to take his final examinations. He left this job after a year, becoming an
686:
Survey of the
Mississippi River below Forts Jackson and St. Philip to prepare for the bombardment of the forts by Porter's mortar fleet. Plan done by the U.S. Coast Survey.
335:, which nearly killed him. Luckily, he was able to stay with an uncle who was a physician, and who nursed him back to health. After a month in bed, Harris proceeded to the
690:
In April 1862, Harris and the other surveyors marked navigable channels in the river and established survey markers on the shore to serve as control points for indirect
1595:
1262:, Appendix No 35. "Report of Assistant F. H. Gerdes, U.S. Coast Survey, to Commander D.D. Porter, U.S.N., Commanding Mortar Flotilla in the Gulf of Mexico." p. 263.
1620:
882:, who owned or controlled a considerable portion of the P&R's stock and debt, chose Harris, known to be a fiscal conservative, as one of the company's
783:
for repairs, or on account of the severity of the enemy's fire. ...I assure you that I shall never undertake a bombardment unless I have them at my side.
1600:
1585:
1605:
1520:
1492:
237:, graduating in 1853, as did his older brother, also named Stephen. Their younger brother, John Campbell (Cam) Harris, also graduated from Central.
1471:
234:
185:
still stand on what is now the
Chester Valley Golf Club. His father, Stephen Harris (September 4, 1798 – November 18, 1851), was the local
1580:
859:. He returned to the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company as president from 1883 to 1893, also serving as receiver and then vice president of the
773:
Commander Porter wrote to
Alexander Dallas Bache, superintendent of the Coast Survey, concerning the battle of Forts St. Philip and Jackson:
426:
742:
Plan of Fort
Jackson showing damage done by the mortar bombardment and gunboats from April 18th to 24th, 1862; surveyed by J.S. Harris.
1610:
282:
142:
934:
747:
504:
189:; his mother was Marianne Smith (April 2, 1805 – March 12, 1890). Stephen Harris's brothers (Joseph's uncles) included
170:
54:
1378:
Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Abstract and Background Note, Collection 3107, Joseph Smith Harris Correspondence, 2008.
1615:
949:
Marian Frazer Harris (1866–1960). She married James deWolf Perry and was known for her long-lasting friendship with
902:. When he resigned as president in 1901, he noted, among other things, growing factionalism among the company's officers.
523:
broke out in April 1861, they were anxious to use both their surveying skills and their knowledge of the coastline of the
414:
154:
631:
on March 24. There, Harris was rebuffed by the Navy supply department and was instead ordered, under threat of facing a
1538:
910:
848:
225:, Pennsylvania. His place as the local physician was taken by Septimus Augustus Ogier. In time, the family opened a
1575:
1502:
1481:
965:
Madeline Vaughan ("Sally") Harris (1873–1966). She married Henry Ingersoll Brown, brother of Reynolds D. Brown.
751:
731:
of one of the mortar boats, looking over the trees, noting the location of mortar shell explosions, and calling down
1521:
https://web.archive.org/web/20090628110735/http://www.lib.noaa.gov/noaainfo/heritage/coastsurveyvol1/CONTENTS.html
1431:. Unpublished. (archived at the U.S. Army Military History Institute, Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania, and at the
925:
in 1903. He wrote his memoirs, which included criticism of his anti-union successor as president of the Reading,
787:
Following the fall of New Orleans, Harris participated in further surveys along the Gulf Coast, leading up to the
746:
The forts having been weakened by the bombardment, the naval flotilla forced its way past them on April 24 in the
1590:
922:
906:
860:
852:
157:
Survey of 1857–1861. He worked his way through a considerable number of adventures to become president of the
863:
from 1886 to 1890. He became vice president of the Philadelphia & Reading Coal and Iron Company in 1892.
707:
210:
174:
58:
1570:
1413:
Report of the Superintendent of the Coast Survey, Showing the Progress of the Survey During the Year 1862
1406:
Report of the Superintendent of the Coast Survey, Showing the Progress of the Survey During the Year 1856
1272:
Report of the Superintendent of the Coast Survey, Showing the Progress of the Survey During the Year 1862
1260:
Report of the Superintendent of the Coast Survey, Showing the Progress of the Survey During the Year 1862
836:
548:, under Harris′s command, left New York City for the U.S. Gulf Coast on February 28, 1862. Damage from a
274:
1544:
914:
844:
840:
735:
commands to cause the boats to vary their headings slightly in order to adjust their firing direction.
620:
516:
206:
855:
in 1880, serving in that capacity until 1882; the Central of New Jersey came under the control of the
1432:
1419:
755:
644:
640:
245:
Harris married Delia Silliman Brodhead, daughter of George Hamilton Brodhead, later president of the
198:
398:, a distance of about sixty miles (97 km). With the arrival of winter, the commanders left the
297:
work. By mid-November 1854, this work was completed; Harris was assigned to the Coast Survey vessel
809:
539:
527:
to aid the war effort. Harris volunteered for war service with the Survey after returning from the
258:
138:
81:
711:
578:
561:
434:
387:
246:
190:
1537:, containing approximately 150 letters to and from Harris, is available for research use at the
988:
War of the Rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate Armies.
1534:
1452:
1138:
875:
813:
651:
524:
286:
1258:
This account is based on the Gerdes-to-Porter letter of May 16, 1862, in: Bache, Alexander D.
926:
817:
1065:
Record of the Smith Family descended from John Smith, born 1655 in County Monaghan, Ireland.
1565:
1560:
891:
835:
with him, in case of attack, but it appears that he never had to use it. He worked for the
788:
594:
503:
In his autobiography, Harris describes the survey teams, the work, the land, and the local
682:
639:. Harris declined, repeatedly stating that he was under Coast Survey orders to proceed to
8:
438:
146:
1517:
History of the Commissioned Corps of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
1441:
Notes on the Ancestry of the Children of Joseph Smith Harris and Delia Silliman Brodhead
831:
who were active in the coal fields of Pennsylvania at the time. Joseph Harris carried a
604:
sustained during the gale, Harris was ordered to transfer his equipment and crew to her
375:, by the dearth of clean water, by the arrest of some of the crew after a brawl, and by
312:
provides, among other things, an idea of U.S. Coast Survey shipboard life in the 1850s.
832:
758:
724:
565:
520:
413:
to complete his earlier work. In March 1857, Harris was hired as an astronomer for the
395:
194:
1421:
Record of the Harris Family descended from John Harris born 1680 in Wiltshire, England
1061:
Record of the Harris Family descended from John Harris born 1680 in Wiltshire, England
1498:
1477:
918:
609:
568:
528:
477:
465:
320:
305:
150:
97:
1462:. Yale Collection of Western Americana, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.
1100:
History of Chester County, Pennsylvania: With Genealogical and Biographical Sketches
409:
Geological Survey, but he resigned after one month in July 1856 and returned to the
930:
532:
202:
158:
738:
1463:
1091:
994:
Official records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion.
899:
887:
856:
805:
691:
659:
340:
269:
In 1853, even before graduating from Central High School, Harris took a job as a
217:, a figure in the American Revolution who had some prominence in Chester County.
214:
112:
1547:
Yale Collection of Western Americana, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.
1473:
The Reading Railroad: History of a Coal Age Empire : The Nineteenth Century
1124:"Joseph S. Harris Dead: Former President of Reading Railroad Expires Suddenly",
950:
828:
825:
821:
801:
647:
624:
473:
410:
226:
130:
1554:
959:
Frances Brodhead Harris (1870–1925). She married Reynolds Driver Brown.
867:
800:
Harris returned to railroad work around 1864, entering private practice as a
715:
636:
591:
553:
489:
453:
446:
442:
430:
332:
309:
290:
30:
982:
Atlas to accompany the official records of the Union and Confederate armies.
764:
1095:
883:
879:
779:
632:
584:
298:
222:
182:
62:
754:. The effectiveness of the bombardment of Fort Jackson has been disputed (
1494:
The Reading Railroad: History of a Coal Age Empire: The Twentieth Century
728:
605:
571:
481:
391:
324:
270:
230:
808:
and also joining his older brother Stephen in the Schuylkill Company of
956:
George Brodhead Harris (1868–1952). He married Elizabeth Holbert.
871:
493:
278:
197:, who became career military officers. Joseph's paternal grandfather,
137:
executive. Largely self-taught, he worked on several projects for the
847:
from 1870 to 1877, and served as superintendent and engineer for the
719:
581:
531:. By late February 1862, Coast Survey officers and the Survey vessel
376:
364:
328:
294:
186:
126:
93:
662:
and allowed to depart Port Royal. Following another coaling stop at
663:
557:
461:
406:
386:, Harris and his crew performed triangulation along the coast from
360:
352:
316:
315:
The trip south was not without its hardships: Harris suffered from
254:
134:
1141:, Collection 3107, p. 2. Historical Society of Pennsylvania. 2008.
1043:
Joseph S. Harris and The U.S. Northwest Boundary Survey, 1857–1861
812:, Pennsylvania. The two worked together doing survey work for the
667:
469:
347:, arriving in January 1855. Stephen Harris was put in command of
344:
710:
gunboats. On April 18, 1862, Union mortar boats began firing on
1075:
1073:
732:
703:
671:
497:
457:
356:
706:. Their work was performed under fire from the forts and from
714:
in what may be the first combat use of "blind" firing (i.e.,
372:
368:
1070:
962:
Clinton Gardner Harris (1872–1910). He did not marry.
699:
695:
628:
560:, for repairs and fuel; she arrived in time to witness the
549:
178:
698:
defending the approaches to New Orleans. They also placed
437:
by drawing the western Canadian–American border along the
515:
The men of the U.S. Coast Survey were overwhelmingly pro-
379:, all of which are described in Harris's autobiography.
273:
for the Easton and Water Gap Railroad (which became the
1451:, Collection 3107, Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
1333:, Vol. II: The Twentieth Century, 1992. pp. 4–18.
1284:
1282:
1280:
839:
from 1864 to 1868 and served as chief engineer for the
778:
the time exposed to fire from shot and shell, and from
820:. This work exposed them to danger in the form of the
650:. Only through the personal intervention of Commodore
125:(April 29, 1836 – June 1, 1910) was an American
1497:. Vol. 2. Laury's Station, PA: Garrigues House.
1476:. Vol. 1. Laury's Station, PA: Garrigues House.
1415:. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1864.
619:
left Hampton Roads on March 18, 1862, and stopped at
615:, for the remainder of the voyage to the Gulf Coast.
1277:
851:
from 1877 to 1880. He became general manager of the
702:in the river to mark where the mortar boats should
1331:The Reading Railroad: History of a Coal Age Empire
1318:The Reading Railroad: History of a Coal Age Empire
727:to go astray. Harris spent most of one day up the
161:, which he brought back from its 1893 bankruptcy.
1195:The Coast Survey in the Civil War 1861–1865
213:. A great-grandfather (on his mother's side) was
1596:People of Pennsylvania in the American Civil War
1552:
1111:John W. Leonard and Albert Nelson Marquis, eds.
1300:
1298:
933:building in his retirement. He died at home in
870:, the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad went
500:along the way before arriving on May 15, 1857.
355:was made difficult by the large populations of
1444:. Allen, Lane & Scott, Philadelphia, 1898.
1115:. A.N. Marquis Company, Chicago. 4th ed. 1906.
1102:, Louis H. Everts, Philadelphia, 1881, p. 671.
1055:
1053:
1051:
845:Philadelphia and Reading Coal and Iron Company
16:American railroad executive and civil engineer
1621:Members of the American Philosophical Society
843:from 1868 to 1870. He was an engineer at the
1389:Beatrix Potter's Americans: Selected Letters
1295:
472:. There they transferred to the newly-built
420:
1408:. A.O.P. Nicholson, Washington, D.C., 1856.
1048:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
945:Joseph and Delia Harris had five children:
209:and thereafter, as well as a member of the
1312:
1310:
29:
1601:19th-century American railroad executives
1586:Central High School (Philadelphia) alumni
35:An illustration of Harris at about age 65
1606:People from Chester County, Pennsylvania
1018:
763:
737:
681:
405:Harris took a similar position with the
323:and within a few days of his arrival at
169:Harris was born on his family's farm in
164:
1320:, Vol. I: The Nineteenth Century, 1990.
1307:
1581:American people in rail transportation
1553:
1490:
1469:
748:Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip
1424:. Geo. F. Lasher, Philadelphia, 1903.
1067:George F. Lasher, Philadelphia, 1906.
510:
452:The American survey team sailed from
177:; the house has burned down, but the
1429:Autobiography of Joseph Smith Harris
1367:Autobiography of Joseph Smith Harris
1238:Autobiography of Joseph Smith Harris
1221:Autobiography of Joseph Smith Harris
1182:Autobiography of Joseph Smith Harris
1156:Autobiography of Joseph Smith Harris
1080:Autobiography of Joseph Smith Harris
1013:Autobiography of Joseph Smith Harris
456:on April 20, 1857, and proceeded to
275:North Pennsylvania Rail Road Company
264:
13:
1539:Historical Society of Pennsylvania
1535:Joseph Smith Harris Correspondence
1449:Joseph Smith Harris Correspondence
1139:Joseph Smith Harris Correspondence
849:Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company
795:
14:
1632:
1527:
975:Abbreviations used in these notes
857:Philadelphia and Reading Railroad
429:and the United States signed the
233:. Joseph attended Philadelphia's
1611:Businesspeople from Philadelphia
1513:The Coast Survey 1807–1867
1234:The Coast Survey 1807–1867
1217:The Coast Survey 1807–1867
1169:The Coast Survey 1807–1867
1152:The Coast Survey 1807–1867
992:ORN (Official records, navies):
986:ORA (Official records, armies):
250:
201:(1757 – 1812), had been a
1398:
1381:
1372:
1360:
1336:
1323:
1265:
1252:
1243:
1226:
1209:
1200:
1187:
1174:
1161:
923:Franklin & Marshall College
911:Pennsylvania Historical Society
1144:
1131:
1118:
1105:
1085:
1006:
940:
907:American Philosophical Society
861:Central Railroad of New Jersey
853:Central Railroad of New Jersey
818:Pennsylvania Rail Road Company
635:, to support an expedition to
538:were prepared to sail for the
1:
999:
913:. He became a trustee of the
643:, Mississippi, and report to
351:in May 1855. The work of the
211:Pennsylvania General Assembly
1511:Theberge, Captain Albert E.
1045:, Trafford Publishing, 2012.
552:forced the ship to head for
367:—that inhabited the coastal
240:
175:Chester County, Pennsylvania
7:
1616:Engineers from Pennsylvania
1545:Joseph Smith Harris Papers.
905:Harris was a member of the
841:Morris & Essex Railroad
837:Lehigh and Mahanoy Railroad
750:) and proceeded upriver to
476:and were able to cross the
10:
1637:
1460:Joseph Smith Harris Papers
1387:Jane Crowell Morse (ed.),
1063:, 1903. Joseph S. Harris,
917:in 1889 and was awarded a
915:University of Pennsylvania
484:, they boarded the vessel
283:United States Coast Survey
207:American Revolutionary War
143:United States Coast Survey
1491:Holton, James L. (1992).
1470:Holton, James L. (1989).
1433:Hagley Museum and Library
600:). Because of the damage
433:, agreeing to settle the
421:Northwest Boundary Survey
415:Northwest Boundary Survey
109:
104:
89:
70:
40:
28:
21:
1576:American civil engineers
1435:, Wilmington, Delaware.)
1391:, Horn Book, Inc., 1982.
969:
590:(formerly the U.S. Navy
540:United States Gulf Coast
496:, with several stops in
285:, whose superintendent,
259:Germantown, Pennsylvania
139:United States Government
82:Germantown, Philadelphia
1453:Compilation and summary
1292:, 4th ed. 1906, p. 783.
1288:Leonard & Marquis,
1215:See Albert E. Theberge,
909:(elected 1887) and the
814:Lehigh Valley Rail Road
670:(during which four men
579:Confederate States Navy
562:Battle of Hampton Roads
435:Oregon boundary dispute
382:During his year on the
247:New York Stock Exchange
171:East Whiteland Township
55:East Whiteland Township
1591:Reading Company people
785:
770:
743:
687:
652:Samuel Francis Du Pont
525:Southern United States
287:Alexander Dallas Bache
1236:, pp. 500–505;
1219:, pp. 500–505;
1154:, pp. 307–312;
1128:, June 3, 1910, p. 7.
927:George Frederick Baer
866:At the outset of the
775:
767:
741:
685:
394:, to the entrance to
165:Family and early life
153:in 1854–1856 and the
1411:Bache, Alexander D.
1404:Bache, Alexander D.
1348:search.amphilsoc.org
1344:"APS Member History"
1290:Who's Who in America
1249:ORN I, v. 18, p.373.
1232:Albert E. Theberge,
1206:ORN I, v. 18, p.362.
1197:, pp. 498–500.
1193:Albert E. Theberge,
1171:, pp. 307–312.
1167:Albert E. Theberge,
1150:Albert E. Theberge,
1113:Who's Who in America
789:Battle of Mobile Bay
249:, in 1865. They had
100:, railroad executive
84:, Pennsylvania, U.S.
876:Archibald A. McLeod
874:and its president,
752:capture New Orleans
480:in four hours. At
235:Central High School
147:hydrographic survey
123:Joseph Smith Harris
23:Joseph Smith Harris
1571:American surveyors
1464:Summary by S. Bock
1458:Harris, Joseph S.
1447:Harris, Joseph S.
1438:Harris, Joseph S.
1427:Harris, Joseph S.
1418:Harris, Joseph S.
1158:, pp. 31–65.
1059:Joseph S. Harris,
1041:Anne P. Streeter,
771:
759:David Dixon Porter
744:
688:
566:United States Navy
511:American Civil War
396:Lake Pontchartrain
155:Northwest Boundary
111:Great-grandson of
1329:James L. Holton,
1316:James L. Holton,
1137:Background note,
529:Pacific Northwest
478:Isthmus of Panama
359:—everything from
321:Mississippi River
306:Mississippi Sound
265:U.S. Coast Survey
151:Mississippi Sound
120:
119:
1628:
1515:; Vol. I of the
1508:
1487:
1392:
1385:
1379:
1376:
1370:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1340:
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1213:
1207:
1204:
1198:
1191:
1185:
1178:
1172:
1165:
1159:
1148:
1142:
1135:
1129:
1126:New York Tribune
1122:
1116:
1109:
1103:
1089:
1083:
1077:
1068:
1057:
1046:
1039:
1016:
1010:
980:Official atlas:
931:Reading Terminal
824:, members of an
505:Native Americans
486:John L. Stephens
460:(then a part of
331:, he contracted
203:Continental Army
159:Reading Railroad
141:, including the
77:
50:
48:
33:
19:
18:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1625:
1551:
1550:
1530:
1505:
1484:
1455:published 2008.
1401:
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1361:
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1342:
1341:
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1266:
1257:
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1248:
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1205:
1201:
1192:
1188:
1179:
1175:
1166:
1162:
1149:
1145:
1136:
1132:
1123:
1119:
1110:
1106:
1092:J. Smith Futhey
1090:
1086:
1078:
1071:
1058:
1049:
1040:
1019:
1011:
1007:
1002:
972:
943:
900:organized labor
888:Reading Company
806:mining engineer
798:
796:Railroad career
519:, and when the
513:
488:and sailed for
423:
267:
243:
215:Persifor Frazer
205:officer in the
167:
116:
113:Persifor Frazer
85:
79:
75:
66:
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76:(1910-06-01)
74:June 1, 1910
63:Pennsylvania
1566:1910 deaths
1561:1836 births
941:Descendants
894:2 million.
708:Confederate
641:Ship Island
606:sister ship
482:Panama City
392:Mississippi
365:cockroaches
325:New Orleans
271:topographer
261:, in 1910.
231:high school
195:John Harris
1555:Categories
1369:, Preface.
1353:2021-05-24
1000:References
935:Germantown
810:Pottsville
621:Port Royal
494:California
388:Pascagoula
377:hurricanes
363:to flying
361:mosquitoes
339:, then at
299:USCS
295:astronomic
279:astronomer
47:1836-04-29
1240:, p. 164.
937:in 1910.
929:, in the
884:receivers
833:blackjack
756:Commander
720:artillery
645:Commodore
610:USS
597:Merrimack
595:USS
572:USS
533:USS
521:Civil War
445:coast of
353:surveyors
329:Louisiana
241:Marriages
187:physician
1274:, p. 57.
872:bankrupt
816:and the
769:version.
672:mutinied
664:Key West
658:finally
587:Virginia
577:and the
558:Virginia
466:Kingston
462:Colombia
407:Kentucky
317:diarrhea
281:for the
255:apoplexy
135:railroad
127:surveyor
94:surveyor
1015:, p. 1.
668:Florida
574:Monitor
569:monitor
470:Jamaica
443:Pacific
400:Phoenix
384:Phoenix
373:marshes
357:insects
349:Phoenix
345:Alabama
337:Phoenix
319:on the
304:in the
301:Phoenix
149:of the
1501:
1480:
1094:&
733:rudder
725:shells
704:anchor
692:mortar
677:Sachem
660:coaled
656:Sachem
627:, for
617:Sachem
612:Sachem
498:Mexico
458:Panama
369:swamps
341:Mobile
133:, and
65:, U.S.
970:Notes
919:D.Sc.
802:civil
718:) of
700:buoys
696:forts
602:Uncas
546:Uncas
535:Uncas
517:Union
105:Notes
1533:The
1499:ISBN
1478:ISBN
1180:See
892:US$
804:and
729:mast
654:was
629:coal
585:CSS
550:gale
371:and
293:and
193:and
181:and
179:barn
71:Died
41:Born
1519:. (
921:by
582:ram
145:′s
1557::
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1309:^
1297:^
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45:(
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