517:, and then by "recovering" the goods. He never sold the goods back, explicitly, nor ever pretended that they were not stolen. He claimed at all times that he found the goods by policing and avowed hatred of thieves. That very penalty for selling stolen goods, however, allowed Wild to control his gang very effectively, for he could turn in any of his thieves to the authorities at any time. By giving the goods to him for a cut of the profits, Wild's thieves were selling stolen goods. If they did not give their take to him, Wild would simply apprehend them as thieves. However, what Wild chiefly did was use his thieves and ruffians to "apprehend" rival gangs.
806:
668:
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33:
397:, or "garnish", for any minor comfort. Wild became popular, running errands for the gaolers and eventually earning enough to repay his original debts and the cost of being imprisoned, and even lend money to other prisoners. He received "the liberty of the gate", meaning that he was allowed out at night to aid in the arrest of thieves. There, he met one Mary Milliner (or Mary Mollineaux), a
774:, working as a journalist, wrote an account. In the early morning on 1 November, Sheppard was found for a fifth and final time by a constable and arrested. This time, he was placed in the centre of Newgate, where he could be observed at all times, and loaded with three hundred pounds of iron weights. He was so celebrated that the gaolers charged high society visitors to see him, and
692:, was apprehended by one of Wild's men, James "Hell-and-Fury" Sykes, for a burglary Sheppard had committed in Clare Market on 5 February. Sheppard had worked with Wild in the past, though he had struck out on his own. Consequently, as with other arrests, Wild's interests in saving the public from Sheppard were personal.
505:, he did not wait for the theft to be announced. In addition to "recovering" these stolen goods, he would offer the police aid in finding the thieves. The thieves that Wild would help to "discover", however, were rivals or members of his own gang who had refused to cooperate with his taking the majority of the money.
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Carrick Gang (with an £800 reward — approximately £158,000 in 2024). When one of the members of the gang was released, Wild pursued him and had him arrested on "further information". To the public, this seemed like a relentless defence of order. In reality, it was gang warfare disguised as a national service.
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of privately stealing 50 yards (46 m) of lace from
Catherine Statham (a lace-seller who had visited him in prison on 10 March) at Holborn on 22 January. He was acquitted of the first charge, but with Statham's evidence presented against him on the second charge, he was convicted and sentenced to
788:
Wild's inability to control
Sheppard, and his injuries at the hands of Blueskin, combined with a change of public sentiment regarding authority figures, led to his downfall. As he recuperated from his injury, his control over his criminal gang also slipped, and he became despised. After his recovery,
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was a busy spot. Victims of crime would come by, even before announcing their losses, and discover that Wild's agents had "found" the missing items, and Wild would offer to help find the criminals for an extra fee. However, while fictional treatments made use of the device, it is not known whether or
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was in attendance. Wild was accompanied by
William Sperry and the two Roberts: Sanford and Harpham; three of the four prisoners who had been condemned to die with Wild a few days before. Because he was heavily drugged, Wild was the last to die after the three of them, without any difficulty that had
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in 1714 meant a further increase in crime as demobilised soldiers were on the streets. By this time, Hitchen was restored to his office but Wild went his own way, opening a small office in the Blue Boar tavern run by Mrs Seagoe in Little Old Bailey. Wild continued to call himself
Hitchen's "Deputy",
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Criminal biography was a genre. These works offered a touching account of need, a fall from innocence, sex, violence and then repentance or a tearful end. Public fascination with the dark side of human nature and with the causes of evil has never waned, and the market for mass-produced accounts was
1046:
Fielding is merciless in his attack on
Walpole. In his work, Wild stands in for Walpole directly, and, in particular, he invokes the Walpolean language of the "Great Man". Walpole had come to be described by both the Whig and then, satirically, by the Tory political writers as the "Great Man", and
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politicians. In 1718, a Tory group had succeeded in having the laws against receiving stolen property tightened, primarily with Wild's activities in mind. Ironically, these laws had the opposite intended effect of strengthening Wild's hand, for it made it more difficult for thieves to fence their
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In around 1713, Wild was approached by
Hitchen to become one of his assistants in thief-taking, a profitable activity on account of the £40 reward (£8,000 in 2024) paid by the government for catching a felon. Wild may have become known to Hitchen's associates, known as his "Mathematicians", during
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The advertisement is extortion. The "notes of hand" (agreements of debt) means signatures, so Wild already knows the name of the notebook's owner. Furthermore, Wild tells the owner through the ad that he knows what its owner was doing at the time, since the
Fountain Tavern was a brothel. The real
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Wild's battles with thieves made excellent press. Wild himself would approach the papers with accounts of his derring-do, and the papers passed these on to a concerned public. Thus, in the summer of 1724, the papers carried accounts of Wild's heroic efforts in collecting twenty-one members of the
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in 1712, he engaged Wild to keep his business of extortion going in his absence. Hitchen was reinstated in 1714 and found that Wild was now a rival, and one of Wild's first acts of gang warfare was to eliminate as many of the thieves in
Hitchen's control as he could. In 1718, Hitchen attempted to
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Wild's ability to hold his gang together, and indeed the majority of his scheme, relied upon the fear of theft and the nation's reaction to theft. The crime of selling stolen goods became increasingly dangerous between 1700 and 1720, such that low-level thieves ran a great risk in fencing their
463:
The advent of daily newspapers had led to a rising interest in crime and criminals. As the papers reported notable crimes and ingenious attacks, the public worried more and more about property crime and grew increasingly interested in the issues of criminals and policing. London depended entirely
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next to
Elizabeth Mann, his third wife and one of his many lovers (who had died in about 1718), as he had wished. His burial was only temporary. In the 18th century, autopsies and dissections were performed on the most notorious criminals, and consequently Wild's body was exhumed and sold to the
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Wild publicly presented an heroic face. In 1718 he called himself "Thief Taker
General of Great Britain and Ireland". By his testimony, over sixty thieves were sent to the gallows. His "finding" of lost merchandise was private, but his efforts at finding thieves were public. Wild's office in the
416:, despite both of them having prior marriages. Wild apparently served as Milliner's tough when she went night-walking. Soon Wild was thoroughly acquainted with the underworld, with both its methods and its inhabitants. At some point during this period, Milliner had begun to act as something of a
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and Sheppard's partner-in-crime. On 15 October, Blueskin was tried for the same act of burglary committed on 12 July, with Wild, Field, and his men giving evidence. Their accounts were not consistent with the evidence given at Sheppard's trial, but Blueskin was convicted and sentenced to death
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It is believed that Wild's method of illegally amassing riches while appearing to be on the side of the law was ingenious. He ran a gang of thieves, kept the stolen goods, and waited for the crime and theft to be announced in the newspapers. At this point, he would claim that his "thief-taking
440:, said that he personally knew 2,000 people in London who made their living solely by theft. In 1711, Hitchen had obtained public office as the City's Under Marshal, effectively its top policeman, paying £700 (£125,000 in 2024) for the appointment. He abused his office, however, by practising
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on 18 May 1985, rising to number 1, and spending 20 weeks total on the chart. Webb had a dream that he was a highwayman, which initially inspired the writing of the song. The first verse describes the life of a character who, like Wild, was executed in "the spring of twenty-five":
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consulted with him on methods of controlling crime. His recommendation was, unsurprisingly, that the rewards for evidence against thieves be raised. Indeed, the reward for capturing a thief went from £40 to £140 within the year, amounting to a significant pay increase for Wild.
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in 1704 as a servant. After being dismissed by his master he returned to Wolverhampton, before coming back to London in 1708. London was by far the largest city in England, with a population of around 600,000, of whom around 70,000 lived within the ancient city walls of the
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in June 1725. This work competed with another that claimed to have excerpts from Wild's diaries. The illustration above is from the frontispiece to the "True Effigy of Mr. Jonathan Wild," a companion piece to one of the pamphlets purporting to offer the thief-taker's
817:(top of page), Wild is pictured in Newgate, still with notebook in hand to account for goods coming in and going out of his office. Evidence was presented against Wild for the violent jailbreak and for having stolen jewels during the previous August's installation of
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Wild's hanging was a great event, and tickets were sold in advance for the best vantage points (see the reproduction of the gallows ticket). Even in a year with a great many macabre spectacles, Wild drew an especially large and boisterous crowd. Eighteen-year-old
1107:"Everything comes in circles—even Professor Moriarty. Jonathan Wild was the hidden force of the London criminals, to whom he sold his brains and his organization on a fifteen per cent. commission. The old wheel turns, and the same spoke comes up."
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focuses on the episodes between Wild and Sheppard. In the opera, the character of Peachum stands in for Wild (who stands in for Walpole), while the figure of Macheath stands in for Sheppard (who stands in for Wild and/or the chief officers of the
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of the first two due to lack of evidence. However, Wild, along with Field and William Kneebone, Sheppard's former master, presented evidence against him on the final charge of the burglary of Kneebone's house on 12 July; Sheppard was convicted,
405:, "brought him into her own gang, whether of thieves or whores, or of both, is not much material". Wild was also introduced to a wide range of London's criminal underclass. With his new skills and contacts, Wild was released in 1712 under an
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Taking advantage of the disturbance that spread to Newgate next door and continued into the night, Sheppard escaped yet again on 16 October. He had broken the chains, padlocks, and six iron-barred doors. This escape astonished everyone, and
766:(since he had worked with Wild before), but Wild refused. Enraged, Blueskin attempted to murder Wild, slashing his throat with a pocketknife and causing an uproar. Wild collapsed and was taken to a surgeon for treatment.
424:, or receiver of stolen goods. He began, slowly at first, to dispose of stolen goods and to pay bribes to get thieves out of prison. Wild later parted with Milliner, cutting off her ear to mark her as a prostitute.
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in the absence of any effective police force in London. As a powerful gang-leader himself, he became a master manipulator of legal systems, collecting the rewards offered for valuables which he had stolen himself,
559:
on crime in London, and legends arose surrounding his management of his "empire." One held that he kept records of all thieves in his employ, and when they had outlived their usefulness he would sell them to the
501:) had found the stolen merchandise, and he would return it to its rightful owners for a reward (to cover the expenses of running his agents). In some cases, if the stolen items or circumstances allowed for
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had burst four years earlier, and the public was growing restive about corruption. Authority figures were beginning to be viewed with scepticism. In April 1724, the most famous housebreaker of the era,
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on him, until all of his activities, including his grand scheme of running and then hanging thieves, became known. Additionally, evidence was offered as to Wild's frequent bribery of public officers.
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for one of his gang members. Being searched for, he went into hiding for several weeks and returned to business when he thought the affair had blown over. On 6 February 1725, Wild was summoned to
1063:" to refer to the profession of burglary. Fielding suggests that Wild becoming a Great Prig was the same as Walpole becoming a Great Whig: theft and the Whig party were never so directly linked.
1047:
Fielding has his Wild constantly striving, with stupid violence, to be "Great". "Greatness," according to Fielding, is only attained by mounting to the top stair (of the gallows). Fielding's
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on an extravagant scale, both from thieves and from their potential victims. He would accept bribes to let thieves out of jail, selectively arrest criminals, and coerce sexual services from
832:, for taking £100,000 in bribes. With the changing tide, it appeared at last to Wild's gang that their leader would not escape and they began to come forward. Slowly, gang members began to
2116:
A True & Genuine Account of the Life and Actions of the late Jonathan Wild, Not made up of Fictions and Fable, but taken from his Own Mouth and collected from PAPERS of his Own Writing
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which was his characterization of Wild, but Hitchen's prior suspensions from duties and the shocking (at that time) charge of homosexuality virtually eliminated him as a threat to Wild.
472:" in 1712) and valiant crime-fighters. The city's population had more than doubled, and there was no effective means of controlling crime. London saw a rise not only in thievery, but in
1022:, without staging. This prompted Gay to write to a friend, "For writing in the cause of virtue and against the fashionable vices, I have become the most hated man in England almost."
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made of his story. When he was hanged, the papers were filled with accounts of his life, collections of his sayings, farewell speeches and the like. Defoe wrote one narrative for
616:
When Wild solicited for a finder's fee, he usually held all the power in the transaction. For example, David Nokes quotes (based on Howson) the following advertisement from the
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On 15 February, Wild and Arnold were arrested for the jailbreak. Wild was placed in Newgate, where he continued to attempt to run his business. In the illustration from the
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any who crossed him. Wild was consulted on crime by the government due to his apparently remarkable prowess in locating stolen items and those who had stolen them.
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Crime had risen dramatically in London beginning in 1680, and property crime, in particular, rose sharply as London grew in importance as a commercial hub. In 1712
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703:, where he was visited by Elizabeth "Edgworth Bess" Lyon the next day; she too was locked up with him and, being recognised as man and wife, they were sent to the
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upon localised policing and had no citywide police force. Unease with crime was at a feverish high. The public was eager to embrace both colourful criminals (e.g.
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purpose of the ad is to threaten the owner with announcing his visit to a bordello, either to the debtors or the public, and it even names a price for silence (a
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on 24 May 1725, Defoe said that the crowd was far larger than any they had seen before and that, instead of any celebration or commiseration with the condemned,
366:. His father, John Wild, was a carpenter, and his mother sold herbs and fruits in the local market. At that time, Wolverhampton was the second-largest town in
2005:, and biographies of Defoe, such as the one by Paula Backschieder. All of these are prefatory and explanatory material. Most of these derive either from the
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On the night that the death warrant arrived, 31 August, Sheppard once again escaped. By this point, he was a working class hero for apprentices (being a
520:
Wild was not the first thief-taker who was actually a thief himself. Hitchen had used his position as Under Marshal to practise extortion, pressuring
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who had won the public's affection as a lovable rogue. However, Wild's duplicity became known and his men began to give evidence against him. After a
750:. Sheppard was returned to Newgate and placed in the most secure room of the prison. Further, Sheppard was put in shackles and chained to the floor.
699:, but escaped within three hours. On 19 May, Wild again had Sheppard arrested for pickpocketing, and this time he was put in St. Ann's Roundhouse in
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The public's mood had shifted; they supported the average man and resented authority figures. Wild's trial occurred at the same time as that of the
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apprentice in love, non-violent, and handsome). On 9 September, Sheppard avoided capture by Wild's men, but he was caught for a fourth time by a
363:
572:": it was alleged that, when a thief vexed Wild in some way, he put a cross by the thief's name; a second cross condemned the man to be sold to
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1997:
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797:, where he failed to recover a gold watch for one of his attendants because of the jailbreak and the incident with Blueskin at the Old Bailey.
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1916:
1957:
There are a few treatments of Wild that attempt to dramatise his life, but there remains only one full length non-fiction biography on Wild:
785:. Wild did not attend either of the executions, as he was confined to his bed for several weeks while the injury to his throat was healing.
711:. They both escaped on 25 May. In July, Field informed Wild about Sheppard, so Wild sought for Lyon on 22 July and plied her with drinks at
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992:(one of the more rough-speaking Tory journals) drew a parallel between the figures in May 1725, when the hanging was still in the news.
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Since his death, Wild has been featured in novels, poems and plays, some of them noting parallels between Wild and the contemporaneous
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death. Terrified, Wild asked for a reprieve but was refused. He could not eat or go to church, and suffered from insanity and gout.
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Wild attended the Free School in St John's Lane and was apprenticed to a local buckle-maker. He married and had a son, but came to
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The Thief-Taker Hangings: How Daniel Defoe, Jonathan Wild, and Jack Sheppard Captivated London and Created the Celebrity Criminal.
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The Thief-Taker Hangings: How Daniel Defoe, Jonathan Wild, and Jack Sheppard Captivated London and Created the Celebrity Criminal
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1185:, which was stolen by Jonathan Wild and disappeared for centuries, only to reappear in the underworld of 21st-century London.
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1803:
1963:
Thief-Taker General: Jonathan Wild and the Emergence of Crime and Corruption as a Way of Life in Eighteenth-Century England.
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entitled the "Thief-Taker General". He simultaneously ran a significant criminal empire, and used his crimefighting role to
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An Authentic Narrative of the Parentage, Birth, Education and Practices of Jonathan Wild, Citizen and Thief Taker of London
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for hanging. (This story is contradicted by the fact that the noun "double cross" did not enter English usage until 1834.)
332:
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1848:"1985 Original Country 'Supergroup' Takes The Highway To The Top Of The Charts Read More: Today In Country Music History"
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The Memoirs of the Life & Times of the famous Jonathan Wild, together with the History & Lives of Modern Rogues.
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who visited "molly houses" (homosexual brothels). Hitchen attempted to further combat Wild with a pamphlet entitled
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488:, and took to carrying a sword as a mark of his supposed authority, also alluding to pretensions of gentility.
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anyway. After the trial, Blueskin pleaded with Wild in the courtroom to have his death sentence commuted to
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Little is known of Wild's first two years in London, but he was arrested for debt in March 1710 and sent to
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980:
What differs about the case of Wild is that it was not simply a crime story. Parallels between Wild and
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goods. Wild avoided this danger and exploited it simultaneously by having his gang steal, either through
412:
Upon release, Wild began to live with Milliner as her husband in Lewkenor's Land (now Macklin Street) in
1555:. (t17240812-52, 12 August 1724).. Note that Sheppard's name is incorrectly recorded as Joseph Sheppard.
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without realising that he was its intended target. Once he did realise it, he banned the sequel opera,
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913:
Jonathan Wild is famous today not so much for setting the example for organised crime as for the uses
847:
On the morning of his execution, in fear of death, Wild attempted suicide by drinking a large dose of
1193:, a novel by Jordy Rosenberg (2018), mostly about Jack Sheppard, has Wild as an important character.
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1033:, from where he still directed the Whig majority in Commons for years. In 1743, Henry Fielding's
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his lengthy stay in Wood Street Compter; certainly one, William Field, later worked for Wild.
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A True Discovery of the Conduct of Receivers and Thief-Takers in and about the City of London
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about the rise of crime was given during an investigation of these activities by the London
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in either 1682 or 1683 – although he was also alleged to have been born in the nearby
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1725 (reprinted in various editions of Defoe's works and some editions of Henry Fielding's
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951:), about notorious gamblers. In 1714, Captain Alexander Smith had written the best-selling
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On 11 November, Blueskin was hanged. Five days later, Sheppard was similarly hanged at
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390:
370:, with a population of around 6,000, many involved in iron-working and related trades.
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also consistently attacks the Whig party by having Wild choose, among all the thieves
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to await trial. On 13 August Sheppard was tried on three charges of burglary, but was
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in the City of London. The prisons were notoriously corrupt, with gaolers demanding a
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By 1724, London political life was experiencing a crisis of public confidence. The
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of the proceedings of the Old Bailey on 13 May 1725. Retrieved on 7 August 2012.
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and pickpockets to pay him off. When Hitchen was suspended from his duties for
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281:, notable for operating on both sides of the law, posing as a public-spirited
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A True & Genuine Account of the Life and Death of the Late Jonathan Wild.
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Wild's final trial occurred at the Old Bailey on 15 May. He was tried on two
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Wild exploited a strong public demand for action during a major 18th-century
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stories "Jonathan Wild: King of Thieves" and "Jonathan Wild: Double Cross".
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In the dead of night, Wild's body was buried in secret at the churchyard of
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Jonathan Wild has an important role in the background to the fantasy novel
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There is some evidence that Wild was favoured, or at least ignored, by the
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362:– as the first of five children in a poor family. He was baptised at
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True and Genuine Account of the Life and Actions of the Late Jonathan Wild
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not Wild ever actually turned in one of his own gang for a private fee.
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Criminality and narrative in eighteenth-century England: beyond the law
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1181:. Much of the book's plot revolves around a secret magical treatise by
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Cambridge Literary History discussion of Fielding's treatment of Wild
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1923:. White Oak Songs (ASCAP). Archived from the original on 15 July 2014
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897:. His skeletal remains are on public display in the Royal College's
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from which he would not awaken. When he was taken to the gallows at
1983:
Brief discussions of Jonathan Wild may be found in editions of the
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637:"Lost, the 1st of October, a black shagreen Pocket-Book, edged with
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317:
977:, who lived with Mary Mollineaux/Milliner, Wild's first mistress.
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Though his exact birth date is unknown, Jonathan Wild was born in
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for the £40 reward. This supposed system inspired a fake or folk
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describes Wild's life and subsequent hanging in the 1977 song "
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Strand, near Fountain Tavern, about 7 or 8 o'clock at Night. If
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Silver, with some Notes of Hand. The said Book was lost in the
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1076:. The Sheppard character, Macheath, is the "hero" of the song
864:"Wherever he came, there was nothing but hollowing and huzzas,
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any Person will bring aforementioned Book to Mr Jonathan Wild,
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passed earlier that year for the relief of insolvent debtors.
1224:) being depicted as a suave and sinister criminal mastermind.
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featured him as one of the main characters in his 2017 novel
1129:. Jonathan Wild is also the title character in the 2005–2006
537:, in which he named Wild as a manager and source of crime.
456:, who suspended him from the Under Marshal position in 1713.
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Con Men and Cutpurses: Scenes from the Hogarthian Underworld
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for more background on "anomalous districts" of lawlessness.
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Early Eighteenth-Century Newspaper Reports: A Sourcebook
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is referred to as a latter-day Jonathan Wild by Holmes:
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who began to teach Wild criminal ways and, according to
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The Life of Jonathan Wild, from his Birth to his Death.
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terms (several lexicons of which were printed with the
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In 2015, Jonathan Wild appeared as a character in the
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In 2000, Jonathan Wild appeared as a character in the
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The figures of Peachum and Macheath were picked up by
722:, and had Sheppard arrested a third time and put into
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A gallows ticket to view the hanging of Jonathan Wild
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The following day, Wild sent another one of his men,
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Wild was responsible for the arrest and execution of
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was published in 1722. By 1725, Defoe had written a
955:. Defoe himself was no stranger to this market: his
1025:In 1742, Walpole lost his position of power in the
753:Meanwhile, on 9 October, Wild and his men arrested
735:, and put in the condemned hold of Newgate Prison.
645:in the Old Bailey, he shall have a Guinea reward."
1277:The bastards hung me in the spring of twenty-five
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2042:Eighteenth-Century Popular Culture: A Selection.
2276:People executed by England and Wales by hanging
2261:People executed by the Kingdom of Great Britain
953:Complete Lives of the Most Notorious Highwaymen
877:happened at Sheppard's execution. The hangman,
103:Carpenter, buckle-maker, criminal gang leader,
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1271:Many a young maid lost her baubles to my trade
1036:The Life and Death of Jonathan Wild, the Great
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629:The Life and Death of Jonathan Wild, the Great
468:and the entirely upper-class gang called the "
2193:Jonathan Wild's memorial page on Find A Grave
1762:Jonathan Wild's memorial page on Find A Grave
1274:Many a soldier shed his lifeblood on my blade
492:Wild's public career as "Thief-Taker General"
305:prison guards to release his colleagues, and
269:(1682 or 1683 – 24 May 1725), was an English
1895:"Jimmy Webb's Story Behind "The Highwayman""
671:Chalk and pencil sketch of Jack Sheppard in
364:St. Peter's Collegiate Church, Wolverhampton
1823:"Highwayman. Jimmy Webb, 1977 (translated)"
540:Wild replied with a manuscript of his own,
2102:Jonathan Wild's Last Farewell to the World
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1425:
1423:
1292:, Wild was the inspiration for the film's
1014:). Robert Walpole himself saw and enjoyed
31:
1784:The Valley of Fear, via Project Gutemburg
1413:
1411:
1409:
1399:
1397:
1029:. He was created a peer and moved to the
544:, and there explained that Hitchen was a
2170:Project Gutenberg edition of Fielding's
1965:New Brunswick, NJ and Oxford, UK: 1970.
1817:
1815:
1767:
1746:
1728:
1695:
1686:
1661:
1652:
1643:
1634:
1601:
1592:
1567:
1558:
1533:
1524:
1515:
1506:
1497:
1441:
1138:In 2014, author Aaron Skirboll released
984:were instantly drawn, especially by the
804:
666:
436:, Wild's forerunner and future rival as
2035:Encyclopedia of Word and Phrase Origins
1420:
830:Thomas Parker, 1st Earl of Macclesfield
663:The Jack Sheppard struggle and downfall
588:In 1720, Wild's fame was such that the
2218:
1793:
1406:
1394:
1376:
1358:
1349:
1340:
1327:
1300:Thief Taker General Chance, played by
1148:Eisner-nominated (2015) graphic novel
908:
881:, had been a guest at Wild's wedding.
427:
133:, organized crime, social manipulation
2071:
1812:
1367:
1196:
969:of the life of Sheppard (see above).
2040:Mullan, John, and Christopher Reid.
2028:Jonathan Wild, Old Time Ace Receiver
420:to other prostitutes, and Wild as a
1070:for his updating of Gay's opera as
995:The parallel is most important for
866:as if it had been upon a triumph."
13:
2266:Executed people from Staffordshire
1631:, 12 November 1724. Moore, p. 170.
1619:, 7 November 1724. Mullan, p. 186.
1589:. (t17241014-43, 14 October 1724).
542:An Answer to a Late Insolent Libel
14:
2307:
2142:
2072:Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920).
1764:. Retrieved on 30 September 2007.
1216:told the story of Jack Shepherd (
293:the proceeds of his own crimes.
2281:Burials at St Pancras Old Church
2148:
2111:1725 (possibly by Daniel Defoe).
2014:Jonathan Wild, Prince of Robbers
2007:Dictionary of National Biography
1914:
1268:With sword and pistol by my side
1265:Along the coach roads I did ride
1039:appeared in the third volume of
973:may be based on the life of one
789:Wild used violence to perform a
175:Publicly executed on 24 May 1725
2204:. Retrieved on 19 January 2014.
2172:Life of Jonathan Wild the Great
2044:Oxford University Press, 2000.
1952:
1908:
1887:
1865:
1840:
1787:
1776:
1755:
1737:
1716:
1704:
1670:
1622:
1610:
1576:
1542:
1472:
1447:
1005:in 1728. The main story of the
600:politicians and opposed by the
2241:18th-century English criminals
1683:. (t17250513-55, 13 May 1725).
1385:
921:in May and then had published
746:from Newgate as he hid out on
187:Economic gain via thief-taking
1:
2198:"Jack Sheppard, Jail-Breaker"
2163:The Complete Newgate Calendar
2161:Account of Wild's trial from
1713:, 29 May 1725. Moore, p. 254.
1679: (accessed 2012-08-07),
1677:Old Bailey Proceedings Online
1585: (accessed 2012-08-07),
1583:Old Bailey Proceedings Online
1551: (accessed 2012-08-07),
1549:Old Bailey Proceedings Online
1483:. JHU Press. pp. 30–31.
1458:. Penguin Classics. Penguin.
715:until she betrayed Sheppard.
486:without any official standing
481:War of the Spanish Succession
345:
16:18th century English criminal
2296:Criminals from Staffordshire
7:
1308:
1235:". A 1985 recording by the
1154:, drawn by Benjamin Dewey.
801:Arrest, trial and execution
695:Sheppard was imprisoned in
10:
2312:
2291:People imprisoned for debt
2134:Smith, Captain Alexander.
2107:"H.D., Clerk of Justice."
1978:Other 20th century sources
937:By 1701, there had been a
622:in 1724 in his edition of
324:attempt, he was hanged at
2286:People executed at Tyburn
2271:People executed for theft
2256:People from Wolverhampton
1995:, editions of Fielding's
1941:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
891:Royal College of Surgeons
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1743:Howson (1985) pp.132,276
1553:Trial of Joseph Sheppard
1454:Lucy Moore, ed. (2004).
1321:
1027:British House of Commons
328:before a massive crowd.
58:24 May 1725 (aged 41–42)
2064:Encyclopædia Britannica
1993:Works of Henry Fielding
1681:Trial of Jonathan Wilde
1479:Hal Gladfelder (2001).
1289:Plunkett & Macleane
1179:Rivers of London series
755:Joseph "Blueskin" Blake
655:, or one pound and one
2081:Encyclopedia Americana
2075:"Wild, Jonathan"
2067:(11th ed.). 1911.
2058:"Wild, Jonathan"
2009:or from Gerald Howson.
1283:
1280:But I am still alive."
1190:Confessions of the Fox
1109:
939:Lives of the Gamesters
869:
810:
778:painted his portrait.
680:
648:
273:and a major figure in
2236:1714 crimes in Europe
2114:Defoe, Daniel ?
2003:Works of Daniel Defoe
1794:Arnott, Jake (2017).
1711:Mist's Weekly Journal
1587:Trial of Joseph Blake
1335:A Guide to Shropshire
1259:
1118:A Conspiracy of Paper
1105:
990:Mist's Weekly Journal
948:The Compleat Gamester
886:St Pancras Old Church
861:
819:Knights of the Garter
808:
697:St Giles's Roundhouse
670:
634:
529:expose Wild with his
2157:at Wikimedia Commons
2090:18th century sources
2033:Hendrickson, Robert
2026:Woodhall, Edwin T.
2012:Lyons, Frederick J.
1173:, the sixth part of
1073:The Threepenny Opera
988:authors of the day.
903:Lincoln's Inn Fields
675:, attributed to Sir
555:Wild held a virtual
316:, a petty thief and
116:Lord Mayor of London
2189:, 11 February 2005)
2104:. Anonymous ballad.
2098:, broadsheet. 1725.
1315:Liberty of the Mint
1262:"I was a highwayman
1146:Paul Tobin (author)
1099:, the arch-villain
1059:of Wild in 1725), "
941:(often appended to
909:Literary treatments
476:during the period.
428:Coming into his own
387:Wood Street Compter
340:The Great Corrupter
279:criminal underworld
141:Thief-Taker General
95:The Great Corrupter
70:Cause of death
62:Tyburn Tree Gallows
2021:The Thieves' Opera
1884:. – billboard.com.
1617:The London Journal
1197:In popular culture
1101:Professor Moriarty
1096:The Valley of Fear
1087:Arthur Conan Doyle
1002:The Beggar's Opera
919:Applebee's Journal
811:
733:sentenced to death
681:
479:The ending of the
247:Imprisoned at
107:, thief, vigilante
2251:English gangsters
2211:by Aaron Skirboll
2153:Media related to
1989:Works of John Gay
1876:Hot Country Songs
1805:978-1-473-63774-0
1629:The Daily Journal
1286:In the 1999 film
1245:Hot Country Songs
1012:South Sea Company
454:Board of Aldermen
407:Act of Parliament
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474:organised crime
434:Charles Hitchen
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265:, also spelled
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1007:Beggar's Opera
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2118:. June, 1725.
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1953:Bibliography
1925:. Retrieved
1921:Metro Lyrics
1920:
1917:"Highwayman"
1910:
1900:13 September
1898:. Retrieved
1889:
1880:
1872:"Highwayman"
1867:
1857:13 September
1855:. Retrieved
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1830:. Retrieved
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1373:Moore, p. 3.
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1337:, 2005, p.31
1334:
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1298:psychopathic
1287:
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1243:entered the
1218:Tommy Steele
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1183:Isaac Newton
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448:. Hitchen's
446:molly houses
431:
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403:Daniel Defoe
384:
372:
349:
339:
338:, known as "
330:
311:
307:blackmailing
295:
266:
262:
261:
43:1682 or 1683
18:
2231:1725 deaths
1798:. Sceptre.
1723:End results
1239:supergroup
1227:Songwriter
1158:Jake Arnott
841:indictments
815:True Effigy
709:Clerkenwell
438:thief-taker
358:village of
271:thief-taker
146:Predecessor
127:Vigilantism
112:Employer(s)
84:Nationality
2220:Categories
1333:Raven, M.
1294:antagonist
1233:Highwayman
1229:Jimmy Webb
1208:screenplay
1113:David Liss
895:dissection
759:highwayman
713:Temple Bar
705:New Prison
619:Daily Post
582:Old Bailey
546:homosexual
531:manuscript
526:corruption
399:prostitute
356:Shropshire
346:Early life
298:crime wave
225:Partner(s)
210:Corruption
200:Corruption
1881:Billboard
1302:Ken Stott
1249:Billboard
1202:In 1969,
975:Moll King
967:Narrative
928:biography
915:satirists
791:jailbreak
728:acquitted
574:the Crown
566:etymology
503:blackmail
497:agents" (
484:entirely
450:testimony
442:extortion
360:Boningale
283:vigilante
154:Successor
74:Execution
64:, England
49:, England
1937:cite web
1852:KLAW 101
1309:See also
997:John Gay
849:laudanum
657:shilling
557:monopoly
522:brothels
162:Opponent
2037:. 1997.
2030:. 1937.
2023:. 1997.
2016:. 1936.
1132:Phantom
1093:novel,
1085:In Sir
963:History
934:large.
828:, Lord
740:cockney
562:gallows
515:mugging
470:Mohocks
336:Walpole
322:suicide
318:burglar
303:bribing
291:launder
242:England
239:Country
234:Details
216:Penalty
131:larceny
87:English
78:hanging
2048:
2001:, the
1991:, the
1987:, the
1969:
1927:3 July
1802:
1487:
1462:
1296:; the
1125:
1115:novel
1049:satire
965:and a
857:Tyburn
783:Tyburn
653:guinea
607:except
605:goods
375:London
326:Tyburn
275:London
184:Motive
2200:from
2138:1726.
1322:Notes
1253:chart
1057:Lives
1020:Polly
744:posse
422:fence
418:madam
395:bribe
267:Wilde
138:Title
105:fence
2046:ISBN
1967:ISBN
1943:link
1929:2014
1902:2017
1878:. –
1874:. –
1859:2017
1834:2017
1800:ISBN
1485:ISBN
1460:ISBN
1123:ISBN
1061:prig
1053:cant
986:Tory
893:for
853:coma
757:, a
701:Soho
602:Tory
598:Whig
289:and
55:Died
40:Born
2187:BBC
1206:'s
1177:'s
1089:'s
999:'s
945:'s
901:in
707:at
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1939:}}
1935:{{
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1973:.
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