351:. The contract was renewed on September 1, 1843 by the Republic of Texas House of Representatives. On June 26, 1844, Fisher sold an interest in the grant to the Adelsverein. On December 30, 1845, both Fisher and Miller sold their grant rights to the Adelsverein, conditional that Fisher be on the Verein's colonial committee. On April 7, 1844, a second land grant acquired by the Verein was the Bourgeois-Ducos grant, which had actually expired December 3, 1843. The Verein appointed the grant's namesake Alexander Bourgeois d'Orvanne as Colonial Director, who sold them on the promise he could get the grant's deadline extended. In the end, the Bourgeois-Ducos grant was not extended.
436:
situation happened because the
Adelsverein was an organization of noblemen with no practical backgrounds at running a business. They were on the other side of the world and did not witness the situation both Prince Solms and Meusebach were dealing with. Henry Fisher had not supplied transport and supplies for which the Verein advanced money to him. Fisher had also conspired in February 1845 with Dr. F. Schubbert to coerce incoming immigrants to sign legal documents disassociating themselves from the Verein and to join Schubbert's colony in
222:, a judge solicitor, and Ernestine von Meusebach née von Witzleben. He was the namesake of brother Orfried Isador (1806–1808) who died young. He had two older sisters, Ludowine and Caroline, and a younger brother Carl Bernhard. The children grew up in a home filled with music. Mother Ernestine was a pianist, and the family enjoyed entertaining visitors with the singing of poems, folk songs and hymns. The elder Meusebach, a poet himself, took delight in collecting German folk music and literature.
447:) to be insufficient as a port of entry, and the route to New Braunfels isolated. He was told Prince Solms chose to keep the Germans from interacting with any Americans. Meusebach found Prince Solms in Galveston trying to return to Germany, detained by authorities for unpaid bills. Meusebach made a full accounting of the situation to the Verein, adding that he felt the less the Verein had to do with Henry Fisher and Burchard Miller the better off everyone would be.
580:
Braunfels on
December 31, 1846. The incident had been stirred up by Henry Francis Fisher in an attempt to usurp Meusebach's power. Meusebach was the target of intrigue instigated by Count Castell, who sent his friend Philip Cappes to Texas ostensibly as Special Commissioner to provide additional funding, but in reality to secretly observe Meusebach to find cause to oust him. In January 1847 in Fredericksburg, Meusebach was again the target of a
31:
296:. The Meusebach home was a gathering place for intellectual and political discussions of personal freedom and less government versus a nationalist state. Otfried was interested that some German intellectuals had emigrated to the United States, but also voiced opinions that the United States was in contradiction of itself by proclaiming liberty while allowing the institution of slavery. In 1841, Meusebach held a legal position in
451:
adequate for sustaining the total amount of German emigrants in Texas, but
Castell also sent Philip Cappes as Special Commissioner to observe the situation. Cappes had also been instructed by Castell to observe Meusebach and to secretly report back every detail. By the time Cappes departed in March 1847, he recommended another $ 200,000 be advanced.
359:
On
October 24, 1844, Meusebach wrote a letter to Count Castell to express his interest in moving to the Republic of Texas in order to pursue his love of geology, botany and horticulture. He had become fascinated by Texas and had been reading everything about the area. At the suggestion of his brother
379:
who had been named
Commissioner-General of the Verein's colonization. Once in Texas, Prince Solms had become disillusioned because of the financial and logistics difficulties of establishing German colonies in Texas. Fisher had badly mis-managed funds and assets entrusted to him, with Prince Solms
388:
to secure his support of the effort. Meusebach signed the contract on
February 24, 1845 and paid his $ 2,000 membership fee. Count Castell was vague and evasive in response to Meusebach's questions about the particulars of the colonization endeavor, but gave Meusebach a $ 10,000 letter of credit.
383:
Count
Castell replied to Meusebach's October 24 letter by stating that he could buy a share in the Verein for $ 2,000 and have a chance at becoming Commissioner-General in Texas. The two negotiated a contract for Commissioner-General: Meusebach would receive a $ 2,000 allowance for equipment and
338:
issued colonization land grants totaling 4,494,806 acres. These grants were with individuals and conditional upon said individuals establishing settlements in a stated geographical area of Texas, and were limited to a given time period in which the colonization had to take place. On June 7, 1842,
675:
In 1867, he sold his
Fredericksburg holdings and moved his family to Waco Springs, four miles north of New Braunfels. On September 12, 1869 a tornado destroyed the Meusebach home in New Braunfels. Meusebach, whose foot had been pinned beneath a heavy beam, was the only member of his family to be
636:
as a special commissioner to settle colonist titles to land promised by the Verein between 1845 and 1846. The
Republic of Texas had originally promised the colonists 640 acres apiece for a married couple, or 320 acres for unmarried colonists. When the original colonists settled on their promised
435:
Verein agent D.H. Klaener greeted
Meusebach's arrival at Galveston and immediately apprised him of the desperate straits of the colonists. The finances were in disarray, due to Prince Solms' lack of business experience and his refusal to keep financial records. To a larger degree, the financial
450:
In May 1846, Meusebach received a letter from Count Castell informing him 4,304 emigrants were on their way to Texas, with the Verein unresponsive to pleas for more funding. Embarrassed by a German media story from Klaener, the Verein established a $ 60,000 letter of credit. The amount was not
579:
Meusebach had considered leaving Texas as early as November 1845, when he wrote to Count Castell and announced his intention to resign and return to Germany. Meusebach did not feel the Adelsverein was organized enough to achieve its goals. He had survived a hanging mob at his doorstep in New
600:
In 1851, Meusebach made a return trip to Germany to spend time with his remaining family. His father had died in 1847. During the trip, he also took the opportunity to completely sever any remaining ties to the Adelsverein. While in Germany, Meusebach had been elected to represent
331:, Germany on April 20, 1842, by a group of noblemen to promote German colonization in Texas. Co-founder Count Victor August of Leiningen-Westerburg-Alt-Leiningen was president of the society, and Count Carl of Castell-Castell became vice-president and business director.
571:. Twenty-five slaves were bought to work on the property. When Prince Solms inspected the plantation in 1844, he recommended the Verein divest itself of the property, rather than be associated with slavery. The Vereins operated the property for five years.
717:
John and Agnes' daughter Elizabeth married Leo Burchheardt Zesch and had two daughters named Leonie (1882–1944) and Leota (1886–1979) . The family moved to California after Leota's birth, and was living in San Francisco at the time of the
702:
On September 28, 1852, forty-year-old Meusebach married seventeen-year-old Austrian-born Countess Agnes of Coreth, daughter of his friend Count Ernst of Coreth. The couple had eleven children, but only seven lived to adulthood.
734:
and became a traveling dentist who served remote areas around the state. When her mother Elizabeth was no longer able to care for herself, Dr. Zesch returned to California and spent the rest of her life and career there. The
637:
acreage, the Verein had kept one half of the allotment. Meusebach's position was to rectify the land holdings. He issued 729 colonist land scripts in the amount of 324,160 acres. Three other
261:
and the natural sciences. During this period, grandfather Christian Carl von Meusebach in Vockstedt took the young men on outdoor excursions to share their common interest in
665:
botanical garden. Lindheimer and Meusebach made botanical collections at Comanche Spring, with Lindheimer's 1849 collections bearing the Comanche Spring place tag.
649:
After resigning as Commissioner-General of the Adelsverein, Meusebach moved from New Braunfels to some 2,577 acres he had bought for $ 2600 at Comanche Spring in
1571:
588:. He again submitted his resignation to accompany a financial report to Castell on January 23, 1847. The effective date of his resignation was July 20, 1847.
412:. As the ship departed, he renounced his title of Baron, as a symbol of his new life in a new land. Upon arrival in Boston on March 14, 1845, he headed to
384:
books, an annual salary of $ 790 plus 2% of the net profits of the Verein, and 500 acres of land in Texas. Before departing, he paid a courtesy call on
347:
received a colonization land grant to settle 1,000 immigrant families of German, Dutch, Swiss, Danish, Swedish, and Norwegian ancestry, known as the
726:
became a dentist, living in both Texas and Arizona and providing dental services to military personnel. In Arizona she provided dental services to
1676:
380:
lending more money to the expedition. In 1844, Prince Solms asked the Vereins to remove him as Commissioner-General and appoint a successor.
1631:
1441:
672:, Meusebach sold his Comanche Spring property and moved to Fredericksburg, where he operated a mercantile business to support his family.
1651:
385:
1661:
1646:
1671:
1666:
483:
on March 21, 1845. On May 15, 1845, Prince Solms left for Germany and turned the leadership of the settlement over to Meusebach.
1427:
1549:
1530:
1507:
1394:
1189:
1010:
515:
In order to settle the Fisher-Miller land grant, Meusebach successfully negotiated a non-government peace treaty with the
624:
be printed in English, Spanish and German. He served on the Committee on State Affairs and the Committee on Education.
620:
Meusebach took office on November 7, 1851. His first act as Texas senator was to request that the inaugural address of
528:
568:
219:
460:
695:
Meusebach became engaged to Elizabeth von Hardenberg in 1842. Before they could be married, she died in Germany of
492:
1641:
1626:
736:
723:
480:
376:
274:
1636:
719:
685:
510:
348:
641:
commissioners also issued scripts, for the aggregate total of 1,735,200 acres in colonist land holdings.
1656:
496:
1583:
638:
558:
199:
42:
474:
1598:
1521:
Voyage to North America, 1844–45: Prince Carl of Solms' Texas Diary of People, Places, and Events
75:
1445:
661:
began a friendship with fellow botanical enthusiast Meusebach, who appointed him director of a
621:
365:
1587:
564:
229:
near New Braunfels called him Ma-be-quo-si-to-mu, (Chief with the burning hair of the head).
1621:
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1350:
1028:
957:
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903:
867:
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751:
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658:
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340:
328:
250:
8:
707:
650:
610:
602:
585:
437:
123:
1519:
669:
614:
501:
Meusebach planned the 1846 establishment of Fredericksburg, Texas for the Adelsverein.
401:
266:
400:(Perseverance in Purpose) on his family crest. The 32-year-old Meusebach traveled to
1545:
1526:
1503:
1390:
1185:
1006:
546:
421:
335:
581:
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while he was administering the establishments of New Braunfels and Fredericksburg.
444:
429:
242:
306:
344:
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278:
225:
As an adult, Meusebach stood 6 foot 2 inches tall with reddish-blonde hair.
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589:
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107:
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103:
1387:
Lone Star and Double Eagle: Civil War Letters of a German-Texas Family
742:
Barons Creek in Fredericksburg, Texas is named after Baron Meusebach.
198:
bureaucrat, later an American farmer and politician who served in the
465:
Carlshafen (Indianola) was the port of entry chosen by Prince Solms.
300:. Because of his expertise at handling a dispute between Stettin and
30:
1182:
An Empire for Slavery: The Peculiar Institution in Texas, 1821–1865
516:
233:
Chief Ketemoczy (Katemcy) named him El Sol Colorado (The Red Sun).
230:
189:
1003:
Texas: The Rise, Progress, and Prospects of the Republic of Texas
676:
injured. The foot injury remained with him the rest of his life.
362:
Texas: The Rise, Progress, and Prospects of the Republic of Texas
297:
293:
258:
195:
1517:
Solms, Carl; Gish, Theodore G; Von-Maszweski, Wolfram M (2000).
731:
409:
301:
262:
292:
in 1836. He became an assistant judge in 1838 at Berlin and
289:
645:
Comanche Spring, Fredericksburg and New Braunfels residences
428:
on April 10, 1845. From New Orleans, he arrived by boat in
841:"Count Victor August of Leiningen-Westerburg-Alt-Leiningen"
254:
563:
In 1843, the Vereins purchased a 4,428 acre plantation in
537:
of the Darmstadt Society of Forty chose the location for
461:
Indianola, Texas § German immigration port of entry
653:, believed to have been in the vicinity of current-day
706:Meusebach died on May 27, 1897, on his property in
1518:
1184:. Louisiana State University Press. p. 217.
901:
739:inducted Dr. Leonie von Meusebach-Zesch in 2012.
504:
1608:
1026:
1542:The German Settlement of the Texas Hill Country
1466:
574:
1444:. Alaska Women's Hall of Fame. Archived from
627:
549:, a personal friend of the Meusebach family.
522:
241:In 1828, the Meusebach sons were enrolled in
1539:
210:John O. Meusebach was born May 26, 1812, in
710:, and is buried in the family cemetery in
690:
249:, and at the Mining and Forest Academy at
29:
454:
288:Meusebach was appointed administrator of
1389:. Texas Christian Univ Pr. p. 198.
1179:
1000:
416:and boarded a boat for a trip down the
354:
236:
220:Baron Karl Hartwig Gregor von Meusebach
1609:
595:
368:and became intrigued by a place named
1677:Emigrants from the Kingdom of Prussia
1384:
545:. The commune was named in honor of
273:, and finance. He transferred to the
1497:
1475:. Texas State Historical Association
1357:. Texas State Historical Association
1035:. Texas State Historical Association
964:. Texas State Historical Association
937:. Texas State Historical Association
910:. Texas State Historical Association
874:. Texas State Historical Association
847:. Texas State Historical Association
632:In 1854, Meusebach was appointed by
552:
475:New_Braunfels,_Texas § Founding
186:(May 26, 1812 – May 27, 1897), born
141:Countess Agnes of Coreth (1835–1909)
1632:Immigrants to the Republic of Texas
1525:. University of North Texas Press.
955:
928:
865:
838:
318:
13:
1652:People from the Texas Hill Country
1348:
902:Lang, Aldon S; Long, Christopher.
529:List of Darmstadt Society of Forty
14:
1688:
1662:19th-century American legislators
1647:People from Fredericksburg, Texas
486:
1672:People from New Braunfels, Texas
1540:Morgenthaler, Jefferson (2007).
1029:"Prince Carl of Solms-Braunfels"
1027:Lich, Glen E; Moltmann, GĂĽnter.
493:History of Fredericksburg, Texas
468:
1667:People from Mason County, Texas
1460:
1434:
1421:
1412:
1403:
1385:Goyne, Minetta Altgelt (1982).
1378:
1369:
1342:
1333:
1324:
1315:
1306:
1297:
1288:
1279:
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1101:
1092:
1083:
1074:
1065:
1056:
1047:
1020:
994:
985:
976:
958:"Alexander Bourgeois d'Orvanne"
949:
922:
895:
886:
868:"Count Carl of Castell-Castell"
679:
622:Governor Peter Hansborough Bell
1498:King, Irene Marschall (1967).
859:
832:
823:
814:
805:
796:
787:
778:
769:
584:, this time instigated by Dr.
505:Penateka Comanche peace treaty
481:Prince Carl of Solms-Braunfels
377:Prince Carl of Solms-Braunfels
313:
205:
1:
1502:. University of Texas Press.
1491:
1467:Von-Boeckmann Jones, Austin.
1180:Campbell, Randolph B (1991).
720:1906 San Francisco earthquake
686:Homesite of John O. Meusebach
657:. In New Braunfels, botanist
479:New Braunfels was founded by
1473:The Handbook of Texas Online
575:Resignation from Adelsverein
541:in 1847 on the banks of the
443:Meusebach found Carlshafen (
159:Johanne and Francisca (1864)
7:
745:
737:Alaska Women's Hall of Fame
386:Prince Frederick of Prussia
375:The same book had inspired
304:, he was soon appointed as
10:
1693:
931:"Fisher–Miller Land Grant"
724:Leonie von Meusebach–Zesch
683:
628:Special state commissioner
556:
526:
523:Darmstadt Society of Forty
508:
497:Friedrich Armand Strubberg
490:
472:
458:
269:in 1832, majoring in law,
265:. Otfried enrolled in the
1595:
1576:
1568:
1561:
1294:Morgenthaler (2007) p.100
1001:Kennedy, William (1841).
639:Texas General Land Office
592:was named his successor.
559:Nassau Plantation (Texas)
511:Meusebach–Comanche Treaty
281:. In 1836, he passed his
200:Texas Senate, District 22
177:
169:
163:Emmy and Lilly 1st (1868)
145:
137:
129:
113:
90:
85:
81:
69:
59:
48:
43:Texas Senate, District 22
41:
37:
28:
21:
1355:Handbook of Texas Online
1312:Morgenthaler (2007) p.99
1152:Morgenthaler (2007) p.56
1033:Handbook of Texas Online
962:Handbook of Texas Online
935:Handbook of Texas Online
908:Handbook of Texas Online
872:Handbook of Texas Online
845:Handbook of Texas Online
802:Morgenthaler (2007) p.66
762:
349:Fisher–Miller Land Grant
1599:William Harrison Martin
1442:"Leonie Zesch inductee"
811:King (1967) pp.15,16,18
691:Personal life and death
567:and named it after the
404:to board the steamship
76:William Harrison Martin
1642:American city founders
1627:People from Dillenburg
1231:King (1967) pp.110,125
1222:King (1967) pp.106,107
1204:King (1967) pp.103,104
455:Carlshafen (Indianola)
1572:Benjamin Rush Wallace
1544:. Mockingbird Books.
1409:King (1967) pp.28,139
1249:King (1967) p.140,141
1213:King (1967) pp.98–101
1161:King (1967) pp.96–101
684:Further information:
634:Governor Elisha Pease
557:Further information:
527:Further information:
509:Further information:
491:Further information:
473:Further information:
459:Further information:
133:Loyal Valley Cemetery
65:Benjamin Rush Wallace
1637:Texas state senators
1143:King (1967) pp.75–83
1134:King (1967) pp.52–58
1116:King (1967) pp.52–53
1107:King (1967) pp.50–52
1062:King (1967) pp.40,41
1053:King (1967) pp.35–38
991:King (1967) pp.32,33
982:King (1967) pp.35,36
956:Biesele, Rudolph L.
929:Biesele, Rudolph L.
892:King (1967) pp.33,34
829:King (1967) pp.29,30
820:King (1967) pp.21–28
752:Cherry Spring, Texas
659:Ferdinand Lindheimer
355:Commissioner-General
341:Henry Francis Fisher
251:Clausthal-Zellerfeld
237:Education and career
149:Ernst Otfried (1853)
1579:Texas State Senator
730:. She relocated to
596:Texas State Senator
586:Friedrich Schubbert
277:, where he studied
275:University of Halle
257:mountains to study
173:Loyal Valley, Texas
124:Loyal Valley, Texas
16:American politician
1349:Greene, Daniel P.
1276:Solms (2000) p.148
1125:Solms (2000) p.131
866:Brister, Louis E.
839:Brister, Louis E.
775:King (1967) pp.6,7
670:American Civil War
615:Texas State Senate
569:Archduke of Nassau
402:Liverpool, England
267:University of Bonn
1657:Prussian nobility
1605:
1604:
1596:Succeeded by
1551:978-1-932801-09-5
1532:978-1-57441-124-9
1509:978-0-292-73656-6
1418:King (1967) p.151
1396:978-0-912646-68-8
1375:King (1967) p.161
1339:King (1967) p.157
1330:King (1967) p.141
1303:King (1967) p.126
1285:King (1967) p.154
1267:King (1967) p.146
1258:King (1967) p.145
1240:King (1967) p.129
1191:978-0-8071-1723-1
1170:King (1967) p.121
1012:978-1-141-90062-6
553:Nassau Plantation
547:Bettina von Arnim
517:Penateka Comanche
424:. He arrived in
422:Mississippi River
336:Republic of Texas
231:Penateka Comanche
194:, was at first a
184:John O. Meusebach
181:
180:
153:Max Rudolf (1857)
23:John O. Meusebach
1684:
1584:District 22
1569:Preceded by
1559:
1558:
1555:
1536:
1524:
1513:
1500:John O.Meusebach
1485:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1438:
1432:
1429:Texas Cemeteries
1425:
1419:
1416:
1410:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1382:
1376:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1346:
1340:
1337:
1331:
1328:
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1321:King (1967) p.93
1319:
1313:
1310:
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1132:
1126:
1123:
1117:
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1098:King (1967) p.45
1096:
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1089:King (1967) p.44
1087:
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1080:King (1967) p.43
1078:
1072:
1071:King (1967) p.42
1069:
1063:
1060:
1054:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1042:
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1024:
1018:
1016:
998:
992:
989:
983:
980:
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973:
971:
969:
953:
947:
946:
944:
942:
926:
920:
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915:
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893:
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884:
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879:
863:
857:
856:
854:
852:
836:
830:
827:
821:
818:
812:
809:
803:
800:
794:
793:King (1967) p.67
791:
785:
784:King (1967) p.52
782:
776:
773:
613:counties in the
432:on May 1, 1845.
430:Galveston, Texas
392:Meusebach added
319:Texas land grant
243:parochial school
165:Lilly 2nd (1872)
157:Elizabeth (1862)
120:
100:
98:
86:Personal details
72:
62:
53:
33:
19:
18:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1686:
1685:
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1574:
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1451:
1449:
1448:on 24 June 2012
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279:natural science
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216:Duchy of Nassau
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130:Resting place
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1563:Texas Senate
1541:
1520:
1499:
1477:. Retrieved
1472:
1462:
1450:. Retrieved
1446:the original
1436:
1428:
1423:
1414:
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1359:. Retrieved
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1037:. Retrieved
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978:
966:. Retrieved
961:
951:
939:. Retrieved
934:
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912:. Retrieved
907:
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876:. Retrieved
871:
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849:. Retrieved
844:
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757:German Texan
741:
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708:Loyal Valley
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651:Bexar County
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227:Waco Indians
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170:Residence(s)
119:(1897-05-27)
117:May 27, 1897
101:May 26, 1812
71:Succeeded by
50:
1622:1897 deaths
1617:1812 births
1039:26 December
968:26 December
941:26 December
914:26 December
878:26 December
851:26 December
728:Hopi people
668:During the
655:Camp Bullis
582:coup d'Ă©tat
543:Llano River
426:New Orleans
325:Adelsverein
314:Adelsverein
310:of Anklam.
206:Early years
161:Lucy (1865)
151:Otto (1855)
61:Preceded by
1611:Categories
1593:1851–1853
1582:from
1492:References
1479:20 January
418:Ohio River
414:Pittsburgh
364:by author
271:cameralism
212:Dillenburg
104:Dillenburg
97:1812-05-26
1361:2 January
519:in 1847.
445:Indianola
420:and then
55:1851–1853
51:In office
746:See also
329:Biebrich
247:RoĂźleben
196:Prussian
190:Freiherr
146:Children
539:Bettina
406:Cambria
298:Stettin
294:Potsdam
259:geology
253:in the
1548:
1529:
1506:
1452:7 July
1393:
1188:
1009:
732:Alaska
607:Medina
410:Boston
302:Anklam
263:botany
138:Spouse
763:Notes
611:Comal
603:Bexar
290:Trier
218:, to
1546:ISBN
1527:ISBN
1504:ISBN
1481:2012
1454:2012
1391:ISBN
1363:2011
1186:ISBN
1041:2010
1007:ISBN
970:2010
943:2010
916:2010
880:2010
853:2010
609:and
495:and
343:and
334:The
323:The
255:Harz
114:Died
91:Born
408:to
396:to
245:in
1613::
1590:)
1471:.
1353:.
1031:.
960:.
933:.
906:.
870:.
843:.
722:.
714:.
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106:,
1586:(
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1043:.
1015:.
972:.
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855:.
99:)
95:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
