110:
kept him in his garden till 10. "Edward," he said, "you be my nephew.... I have now sent for you only to give you counsel, that if God has endued you with any grace you may return to grace again." He then charged the deponent with writing many detestable heresies against the bishop of Rome, which made him so pensive, that he knew not what to say for the deponent's shame or for his poor mother. And further, at his last being with the bishop of
Winchester at his visitation, the Bishop did rejoice "that this our university was so clear from all these new fashions and heresies." But now he would hear that it was infected by one of his own college. He urged that their ancestors could not have erred so many hundred years, and that this world could not continue long; for though the King has now conceived a little malice against the bishop of Rome because he would not agree unto this marriage, "I trust," he said, "that the blessed King will wear harness on his own back to fight against such heretics as thou art."
162:
leaving others that might be of use untouched, expelling the friars and seizing the relics and other property to be put to the King's financial benefit. Some more recent commentators have suggested that he was one of the more moderate agents of the dissolution process, given his views with regard to the monks and nuns displaced by the process.
142:
made himself the supreme head of the church in his lands. In early 1535, Thomas
Cromwell was commissioned by the King to organise visitations of all the country's churches, monasteries and clergy, to enable the government to tax church property more effectively. London was appointed as a commissioner
161:
His career as a commissioner was noted not only for the destruction of relics and other fittings considered idolatrous, but also for inflicting physical damage on the buildings. London's own account to
Cromwell of his visitation of Reading Abbey sets out the process of destroying parts of the abbey,
214:
from office as
Archbishop of Canterbury by bringing charges of heresy against him. London acted alongside Bishop Gardiner to agitate against Cranmer in Windsor. King Henry VIII chose to stand by Cranmer, and London took much of the blame for the plot, possibly to protect Gardiner. Letters by London
109:
States that on reading the treatise of articles devised by the King he had been convinced that the supremacy of the bishop of Rome was without foundation, and had written a little declamation. For this he was suspected, his papers searched and delivered to Dr. London, who sent for him at 5 a.m. and
104:
London began to play a role as a persecutor of Oxford evangelicals and
Lutherans in the late 1520s. Those who came to his attentions included members of New College. One of these men, Quinby, was kept imprisoned in the college and died there, weakened by hunger and cold. He appears to have taken a
201:
This Dr. London, for his incontinency, afterwards did open penance in Oxford, having two smocks on his shoulders for Mrs. Thykked and Mrs. Jennyngs, the mother and the daughter: with one of whom he was taken by Henry
Plankney in his gallery, being his sister's son. This was known to a number in
165:
During his visitations, he was accused of corrupting nuns at
Chepstow in 1537 and improper behaviour towards the nuns of Godstow in 1538, although London strongly defended his behaviour at Godstow in correspondence with Cromwell. London noted in 1539 that the dissolution of the monasteries was
157:
While London's religious views adhered to Rome rather an evangelical or
Protestant viewpoint, and he was a reformer rather than a suppressor, he appears to have had no sympathy for the medieval traditions of the church and was at pains to emphasise to Cromwell that he was not "addicted to
122:, Bishop of Winchester. Through his association with Gardiner, London became involved in seeking out evidence against Protestant heretics in Windsor and was Gardiner's chief agent in the town. This culminated in the burning at the stake of the
84:
He returned to Oxford as Warden of New
College in 1526, and held the post until 1542. His time as Warden was marked by religious turbulence and lack of discipline, and frequent complaints by and clashes with fellows of the college.
166:
popular with many of the younger nuns; many were committed to nunneries at a very young age and lived in "imperfect chastity". Parliament decreed that those who had been professed under the age of 21 were allowed to marry.
219:. Part of his punishment was to ride through Windsor, Reading and Newbury seated backwards on a horse, and to be pilloried in each of those towns. He was then stripped of his various dignities and incarcerated in the
197:
London's behaviour, particularly towards women, caused him difficulty at different points in his career. While in Oxford, he was punished with public penance for adultery with a mother and daughter:
158:
superstition". The conservatism and anti-Protestant nature of his religious views may have contributed to his need to make repeated protestations of his loyalty and dedication to
Cromwell.
1586:
981:
1001:
154:
describes him as "one of his most active and subservient agents") and surviving records show that London frequently made gifts to Cromwell, some of them quite valuable.
1121:
1224:
941:
473:
The University of Oxford College Histories: From their Foundations to the Twentieth Century: A reissue of the volumes originally published between 1899 and 1904
1006:
986:
282:
961:
734:
Memorials of ... Thomas Cranmer, sometime lord archbishop of Canterbury. [With] The appendix to the memorials. [on large paper, cm.26]
445:
Memorials of ... Thomas Cranmer, sometime lord archbishop of Canterbury. [With] The appendix to the memorials. [on large paper, cm.26]
971:
1596:
996:
1217:
976:
934:
143:
for the visitation of monasteries in 1535, a role he held until 1538. Once the initial reports from the visitations were received, the
105:
more lenient approach with members of his own family: his nephew Edward Planckney (also a member of New College) confessed in 1534:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1210:
927:
564:'Henry VIII: July 1536, 16–20', in "Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 11: July–December 1536" (1888),
1601:
950:
232:
770:
708:
588:
481:
370:
169:
During this period, London continued to acquire senior roles within the church, mostly located near Oxford. He was the first
147:
began in 1536. London was responsible for the dissolution of houses in Oxford, Reading, Warwickshire, and Northamptonshire.
1453:
1253:
81:
about this time, and many of the relationships he formed in Warham's service remained influential throughout his career.
1508:
1488:
846:
829:
339:
97:
described London as "a great dignitary, and a great champion for the Pope"; London's near-contemporary Archbishop
1536:
215:
intended for Bishop Gardiner were intercepted, which exposed his role in the conspiracy, and he was convicted of
182:
796:
The life of Dr. Nicholas Ridley: sometime Bishop of London: shewing the plan and progress of the Reformation ...
1026:
144:
39:
1233:
237:
170:
202:
Oxford and elsewhere, many years after living, as well as to Loud, the relater of it in a letter to Mr. Fox.
1136:
17:
1498:
1448:
1071:
62:
from 1497, and at New College, Oxford from 1503. In 1505 he became a fellow of New College, and became a
646:
The pictorial history of England: being a history of the people, as well as a history of the kingdom ...
150:
London became associated with Cromwell in the early 1530s in his capacity as Warden of New College (the
1591:
1513:
242:
186:
823:
333:
1417:
1407:
1287:
1166:
1151:
1141:
223:
in London, where he "ended his naughty life in prison" and died soon after "of shame and vexation".
1422:
1337:
1076:
1066:
1011:
880:
762:
The Acts and Monuments of the Church Containing the History and Sufferings of the Martyrs Part One
675:
1483:
1036:
69:
London also held a range of administrative roles within the church during this period: he became
875:
1473:
1432:
1372:
1362:
1322:
1307:
1302:
1126:
1101:
794:
760:
732:
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471:
443:
418:
360:
1292:
207:
43:
565:
552:
535:
505:
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58:, Buckinghamshire, son of an Oxfordshire tenant farmer. London was educated as a scholar at
1566:
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1265:
1171:
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1051:
8:
1021:
911:
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35:
852:
1478:
1377:
1332:
1161:
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118:'s execution in 1540, London became closely associated with the religious conservative
59:
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842:
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584:
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174:
74:
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1131:
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991:
287:
139:
119:
822:
332:
299:
1458:
1367:
1357:
1176:
1156:
919:
123:
115:
1202:
1412:
1342:
1317:
1297:
1061:
966:
291:
211:
98:
78:
1555:
1468:
1463:
1387:
1081:
1031:
859:
1518:
1402:
1327:
1186:
1116:
1056:
1046:
220:
63:
27:
101:
was less flattering in describing him as "a stout and filthy prebendary".
1540:
1503:
1427:
1352:
1347:
1247:
1191:
700:
The King's Reformation: Henry VIII and the Remaking of the English Church
532:
Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 5: 1531–1532
178:
94:
1523:
1312:
1111:
1106:
328:
70:
839:
A biographical register of the University of Oxford, A.D. 1501 to 1540
1181:
635:
394:
A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 3: The University of Oxford
55:
549:
Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 7: 1534
510:
Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 7: 1534
206:
London's final downfall came in 1543 when he became involved in the
216:
555:
online at british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 29 September 2012.
538:
online at british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 29 September 2012.
400:
online at british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 29 September 2012.
133:
758:
343:. Vol. 34. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 97.
1587:
People associated with the Dissolution of the Monasteries
1535:* – Academic deans only; prior to the establishment of
126:, and a long description of this incident is given in
799:
Printed for J. Whiston and B. White. pp. 153–158
576:
671:
Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII
667:
629:
949:
754:
752:
138:In 1534 Henry VIII broke with the Pope and by the
1232:
1553:
792:
365:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 199–200.
185:, in 1545, after London's death). He was also a
749:
358:
503:
1218:
935:
696:
210:, an attempt to oust the Protestant reformer
876:Royal Berkshire History: The Windsor Martyrs
412:
410:
408:
406:
362:Popular Politics and the English Reformation
354:
352:
350:
286:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
833:. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
730:
724:
690:
661:
610:
604:
570:
465:
463:
441:
416:
181:(the seat of the diocese was re-located to
1225:
1211:
942:
928:
786:
435:
134:Role in the dissolution of the monasteries
93:The 17th century historian and biographer
88:
77:in 1522. He was also Domestic Chaplain to
577:Francis Aidan Gasquet (30 January 2005).
403:
347:
469:
460:
177:when the diocese was founded in 1542 at
49:
863:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
851:Cardinal Francis Aidan Gasquet (1889).
283:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1554:
853:Henry VIII and the English monasteries
703:. Yale University Press. p. 264.
580:Henry VIII And the English Monasteries
476:. Psychology Press. pp. 103–109.
275:
273:
271:
269:
267:
265:
263:
261:
259:
257:
233:List of Wardens of New College, Oxford
1597:People educated at Winchester College
1206:
923:
765:. Kessinger Publishing. p. 604.
759:John Foxe; M. Hobart Seymour (2004).
583:. Kessinger Publishing. p. 264.
497:
323:
321:
319:
317:
315:
313:
311:
309:
192:
558:
541:
617:. Clarendon Press. pp. 388–390
547:'Henry VIII: July 1534, 21–25', in
524:
423:. Clarendon Press. pp. 581–582
359:Ethan H. Shagan (17 October 2002).
327:
254:
13:
530:'Henry VIII: July 1532, 1–15', in
512:. Institute of Historical Research
386:
306:
73:of York in 1519, and Treasurer of
14:
1613:
869:
837:Alfred Brotherston Emden (1974).
506:"Henry VIII: January 1534, 26–31"
830:Dictionary of National Biography
697:G. W. Bernard (21 August 2007).
340:Dictionary of National Biography
152:Dictionary of National Biography
38:, and a prominent figure in the
183:Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford
1582:Wardens of New College, Oxford
1577:Fellows of New College, Oxford
1572:16th-century English educators
951:Wardens of New College, Oxford
470:J. Wells (23 September 1998).
145:dissolution of the monasteries
40:Dissolution of the Monasteries
1:
1602:Alumni of New College, Oxford
1234:Dean of Christ Church, Oxford
902:Warden of New College, Oxford
814:
668:Public Record Office (1862).
31:
1137:Philip Nicholas Shuttleworth
674:. London: H.M.S.O. pp.
504:James Gairdner, ed. (1883).
300:UK public library membership
248:
18:John London (disambiguation)
7:
841:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
226:
34:1486 – 1543) was Warden of
10:
1618:
1539:; ** – Cathedral deans at
860:London, John (1485/6–1543)
243:Dean and Canons of Windsor
15:
1532:
1441:
1275:
1240:
1152:William Archibald Spooner
957:
908:
899:
893:
888:
793:Glocester Ridley (1763).
1537:Christ Church Cathedral
89:Role in the Reformation
855:. London: John Hodges.
649:C. Knight. p. 710
292:10.1093/ref:odnb/16957
204:
112:
858:H. L. Parish (2004).
238:Dean of Christ Church
199:
107:
50:Early life and career
1172:Arthur Hafford Cooke
1147:James Edwards Sewell
824:"London, John"
731:John Strype (1840).
611:John Strype (1822).
442:John Strype (1840).
417:John Strype (1822).
334:"London, John"
42:during the reign of
16:For other uses, see
1142:Rev. David Williams
881:The Windsor Martyrs
637:George Lillie Craik
189:from 1540 to 1543.
64:Doctor of Civil Law
54:London was born in
36:New College, Oxford
1479:Henry Julian White
1449:Charles Henry Hall
1167:Sir William Hayter
1162:Alic Halford Smith
987:Nicholas Ossulbury
737:. pp. 156–176
641:Charles MacFarlane
392:'New College', in
208:Prebendaries' Plot
193:Disgrace and death
60:Winchester College
1592:Canons of Windsor
1549:
1548:
1514:Christopher Lewis
1393:Francis Atterbury
1200:
1199:
918:
917:
909:Succeeded by
889:Academic offices
772:978-1-4179-4610-5
710:978-0-300-12271-8
590:978-1-4179-7112-1
483:978-0-415-18632-2
372:978-0-521-52555-8
298:(Subscription or
175:Diocese of Oxford
79:Archbishop Warham
75:Lincoln Cathedral
1609:
1494:Cuthbert Simpson
1408:William Bradshaw
1398:George Smalridge
1288:Richard Marshall
1227:
1220:
1213:
1204:
1203:
1187:Sir Curtis Price
1132:Samuel Gauntlett
1092:Thomas Brathwait
1087:Richard Traffles
1072:Michael Woodward
1042:Martin Culpepper
992:Thomas Chaundler
982:William Estcourt
962:Nicholas Wykeham
944:
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921:
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894:Preceded by
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280:"London, John".
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187:Canon of Windsor
140:Act of Supremacy
120:Stephen Gardiner
33:
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1459:Thomas Gaisford
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1423:William Markham
1368:Edward Reynolds
1358:Edward Reynolds
1338:William Goodwin
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1231:
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1177:Harvey McGregor
1067:George Marshall
972:Richard Malford
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116:Thomas Cromwell
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66:(DCL) in 1519.
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1062:Henry Stringer
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331:, ed. (1893).
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1082:Henry Beeston
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1077:John Nicholas
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1032:Ralph Skinner
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847:0-19-951008-3
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448:. p. 158
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1519:Martyn Percy
1454:Samuel Smith
1403:Hugh Boulter
1328:Thomas Ravis
1293:George Carew
1276:Early modern
1259:
1241:Predecessors
1117:John Purnell
1057:Robert Pinck
1047:George Ryves
1037:Thomas Whyte
1016:
900:
862:
838:
828:
803:29 September
801:. Retrieved
795:
788:
778:30 September
776:. Retrieved
761:
741:30 September
739:. Retrieved
733:
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716:29 September
714:. Retrieved
699:
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682:29 September
680:. Retrieved
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651:. Retrieved
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621:30 September
619:. Retrieved
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596:29 September
594:. Retrieved
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516:29 September
514:. Retrieved
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489:30 September
487:. Retrieved
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450:. Retrieved
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427:30 September
425:. Retrieved
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378:29 September
376:. Retrieved
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221:Fleet Prison
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92:
83:
68:
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46:of England.
23:
22:
1567:1543 deaths
1562:1486 births
1504:Eric Heaton
1442:Late modern
1428:Lewis Bagot
1383:John Massey
1353:Samuel Fell
1348:Brian Duppa
1283:Richard Cox
1266:Richard Cox
1260:John London
1254:John Oliver
1248:John Hygdon
1192:Miles Young
1102:John Dobson
1052:Arthur Lake
1017:John London
997:Walter Hyll
553:pp. 380–385
536:pp. 510–518
398:pp. 144–162
329:Lee, Sidney
179:Osney Abbey
95:John Strype
24:John London
1556:Categories
1524:Sarah Foot
1509:John Drury
1313:John Piers
1112:John Coxed
1107:Henry Bigg
1022:Henry Cole
1012:John Young
977:John Bowke
912:Henry Cole
906:1526–1542
896:John Young
815:References
567:pp. 46–54]
302:required.)
71:prebendary
44:Henry VIII
1489:John Lowe
1378:John Fell
1363:John Owen
1333:John King
1182:Alan Ryan
1097:John Cobb
1007:John Rede
249:Footnotes
56:Hambleden
643:(1839).
551:(1883),
534:(1880),
396:(1954),
227:See also
217:perjury
173:of the
845:
769:
707:
587:
480:
369:
296:
114:After
1541:Osney
843:ISBN
805:2012
780:2012
767:ISBN
743:2012
718:2012
705:ISBN
684:2012
678:–467
655:2012
623:2012
598:2012
585:ISBN
518:2012
491:2012
478:ISBN
454:2012
429:2012
380:2012
367:ISBN
171:dean
676:466
288:doi
28:DCL
1558::
1268:**
1262:**
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751:^
639:;
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349:^
337:.
308:^
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130:.
32:c.
26:,
1543:.
1256:*
1250:*
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30:(
20:.
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