377:. Then in 1884 an institution for male epilepsy sufferers, the "Gnadenthal Home" was opened, also in Thale. By the time of her death, in 1885, Johanne Nathusius had created more than 400 care places in Various institutional buildings operated together as the "Elisabethstift". The various establishments remained in her ownership till she died, after which they were taken over by a charitable foundation established for the purpose.
289:. After several attempts she acquired a farm house with its own extensive plot of land. This met her requirements and she funded the property purchase from her own pocket. Following appropriate reconstruction and refurbishment the new home for mentally handicapped boys was opened on 3 January 1861. Nathusius was particularly keen that the establishment should not become known simply as "das Blödsinnigenanstalt" (
208:"S.N. ist ein sehr tiefstehender Knabe, wie es den meisten Blödsinnigen außerhalb den Anstalten geht, schon sehr verkommen. Bei seiner Aufnahme zertrümmerte und verdarb er alles, wie ein wildes Thier; er schrie und tobte, wollte die anderen Kinder zerren und schlagen und verunreinigte sich Tag und Nacht auf das ekelhafteste. In Jahresfrist hatte er sich doch ziemlich an Ruhe, Ordnung und Reinlichkeit gewöhnt"
386:
God, and care must be given appropriately. This underpinned her insistence on finding individually fulfilling employment opportunities appropriate to each individual's abilities and disabilities. This went along with her insistence on delivering appropriate education opportunities, which would later be implemented in specialised workshops and a specially organised school for the mentally handicapped.
235:
was hardly any residential care provision for those affected. They almost always had to live with their families, who were often helpless when it came to providing necessary support. The hope on the part of
Johanne and her brothers that the state would take the affected children into care and provide them with suitable care and education proved to be wishful thinking. Once the
44:
suitable employment opportunities were found. She was deeply influenced by her religious beliefs, and convinced that the sick and handicapped who were obliged to live out their lives on the fringes of society, were all loved by God, and she tried to give meaning to the lives of all those for whom she cared through the provision of appropriated education and work chances.
72:. Six of Johanne's seven elder siblings were brothers: all the children were tutored at home. Her later education included several lengthy trips away. The imaginative and witty yet thoughtful letters she wrote to her mother from those youthful travels survive. Her mother, born Luise Engelhard (1787 – 1875), was a daughter of the poet
20:
43:
families. As the children grew to adulthood she expanded the remit of the "Elisabethstift" to embrace provision of education, specialist workshops and an auxiliary school for those in her care. Mindful that every individual had his own needs and potential, she took care to ensure that individually
385:
In the context of the times, Johanne
Nathusius was a pioneer. The conventional wisdom held that the mentally handicapped needed to be looked after, but for Nathusius this was a wholly inadequate ambition. Those for whom she cared in her institutions were fully entitled human beings, all loved by
234:
at the time: they presented her data to the parliament, accompanying it with a plea for the alleviation of the condition of these children. Johanne
Nathusius nevertheless continued to publicise the social neglect of the mentally handicapped: she was one of the first in Prussia to do so. There
136:
in the town, and she also established a sewing and knitting school for young girls, of which she would take charge for the next forty years. Working at her brother's orphanage she was alerted to the particular plight of one girl who was mentally handicapped, and from this she became aware of the
252:
365:) in connection for her charitable work. The Schloss, which had been built by Adolphine's late father, Hermann von Bonin, in 1844, was subsequently gifted in full. Johanne Nathusius used it to open another establishment in 1864. Now known as the "Pflegeheim Schloss Detzel" (
406:
symbolism. These were then reproduced in 1868 in a book that she had published by "Verlag Arnold" (publishers) of
Leipzig. She also designed learning materials for use by Elisabethstift residents, and large format pictures for the chapel at the "Kreuzhilfe" care home in
204:). When we took him in he smashed up everything, like a wild animal: he yelled and raved, trying to tug at the other children and beat them, and soiling himself disgustingly day and night. After a year he was habitually peaceable, orderly and clean."
373:) was founded in 1865, and also operated as part of the "Elisabethstift" complex. Further expansion came with the purchase and conversion, in 1877, of a disused sugar factory which became the "Blödsinnigenanstalt Kreuzhilfe" near the local spa resort,
309:). During its first year of operation the Elisabethstift provided a home for fifteen children. That still quite small building became the starting point for the work on behalf of the mentally handicapped of today's (subsequently renamed)
337:, were formally identified as the directors of the "Elisabethstift", it was Johanne who through the simple force of her personality controlled and ran it. She also took care of financial administration. After the death of her brother
317:
largest institutions for the handicapped in
Germany. Over the years the original buildings of the Elisabethstift were extensively rebuilt and extended, so that very little of the original half-timbered structure is recognisable today.
285:, back in October 1850. There was also an adjacent building, known as the "Lindenhof", which accommodated care staff. Johanne decided to set up her own institution, dedicated to the care of mentally handicapped young boys, in the
301:(1801–1873), who was known to be deeply committed to charitable causes, for permission to name it after her. The Queen Dowager agreed to the request, with the result that the institution became known
111:
in order to look after
Heinrich's younger children. Johanne spent her final years living with her elder sister in Althaldensleben and was still unmarried in 1885 when she died aged 56.
239:
had declared itself not responsible for such matters, Johanne
Nathusius was uncompromising in her reaction. "Faced with the failure of the parliament, it becomes a task for us" (
402:
which enabled her to develop her artistic skills. From 1860, over a number of years she produced 28 oil painted panels, concentrating on plants and flowers, and imbued with
267:...the original buildings of the Elisabethstift have been extensively rebuilt and extended: little of the original half-timbered building is recognisable today.
714:"Die Zeit der Krisen" Zur Geschichte der Stiftung Neinstedter Anstalten – und zur Biografie des Vorstehers Martin Knolle (1900–1971) bis in die 1950er Jahre
39:(18 November 1828 – 28 May 1885) was the founder, in 1861, of the "Elisabethstift", set up as an institution for looking after mentally disabled boys from
971:
200:"S.N. is a very badly afflicted boy, outside the normal scope of most institutions for the mentally handicapped, and already very damaged (
956:
369:) it was run in tandem with the Elisabethstift, and used for the care of mentally handicapped young girls. The "Asyl Gottessorge" (
196:
In the 1867 annual report of her "Elisabethstift", Johanne
Nathusius offered an illustration of why the institution was necessary:
916:
760:
Hans
Fuhrman: Schloß Detzel wurde 1864 Haus „Kreuzhilfe“. Johanne Nathusius starb vor 100 Jahren. Newspaper report 31 May 1995.
961:
951:
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563:
513:
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Johanne
Nathusius was also a talented artist. As a young women, starting in 1846, she undertook several trips in Germany,
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104:
310:
275:
177:
716:. Verband Evangelischer Diakonen-, Diakoninnen- undDiakonatsgemeinschaften in Deutschland e. V., Berlin. pp. 4–43
446:"Nathusius, Johanne Philippine: geb. 18.11.1828 Althaldensleben, gest. 28.05.1885 Althaldensleben, Stifterin, Malerin"
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322:
236:
227:
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76:(1756 – 1831). From her mother Johanne Nathusius acquired the sober protestant and tolerant religiosity of the
886:
Neinstedter Anstalten 1986. Schrifttum der Pressestelle der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in ThĂĽringen, p. 27.
638:
Lilly von Nathusius: Johann Gottlob Nathusius und seine Nachkommen sowie sein Neffe Moritz Nathusius. pp. 37–39.
911:
650:
Neinstedter Anstalten 1986. Schrifttum der Pressestelle der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in ThĂĽringen, p. 8.
354:
298:
154:
52:
Johanne Nathusius was born into a prosperous - some sources apply the adjective "aristocratic" - family, in
926:
77:
688:
Matthias Puhle: Die Seele möchte fliegen. Ein Frauenleben zwischen Anpassung und Aufbruch. pp. 108 - 109
103:, some 20 km to the south, in connection with her care projects. However, following the death of
966:
735:
873:
826:
585:
535:
492:
Pastor Richter: Der Bote der BrĂĽderschaft des Lindenhofes. 54. Jahrgang, Nr. 1, Februar 1929, p. 4.
61:
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had died the day before her institution had opened, and she now asked king's Bavarian-born widow,
341:
in 1873 she was appointed a member of the board, even after she relocated the short distance to
40:
841:
815:
776:
553:
503:
128:, when she started to care for the needy. She became involved in the "Mädchenrettungshaus" (
706:
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in 1876 to look after Philipp's family, she remained firmly in charge at the Elisabethstift.
338:
330:
271:
188:
138:
133:
29:
353:
In 1863 Johanne Nathusius managed to persuade Adolphine von Bonin (1853 - 1916, a friend of
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two years earlier, for "socially endangered and hard to educate boys", by Johanne's brother
60:
in central northern Germany. She was the youngest child of the industrialist-entrepreneur
946:
941:
740:
Einschulungsgottesdienst der Evangelischen Fachschule fĂĽr Heilerziehungspflege in Neinstedt
467:
169:
73:
474:. KaffeeSATZ ... Lokalzeitung fĂĽr Haldensleben und Umgebung. 10 September 2013. p. 15
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Tochter von Johann Gottlob Nathusius begann bereits mit 14 Jahren ihre engagierte Arneit
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64:(1760 – 1835), who was also a substantial landowner in the locality. She grew up in
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164:. In the event her future actions were greatly influenced both by Löhe's work at
598:
342:
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suggested she should familiarize herself with the so-called "Anstalt für Blöde" (
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108:
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664:"Neinstedt, Neinstedter Anstalten, Elisabethstift,Johanne Philippine Nathusius"
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146:
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19:
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65:
53:
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314:
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In 1858 Johanne Nathusius organised a count of "mentally weak children" (
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92:
313:, a privately funded charitable operation which has become one of the
775:
Heike Steinhorst; Eva Labouvie (compiler-editor) (12 November 2018).
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184:
173:
100:
57:
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176:, providing inspiration and practical support while working at the
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Die Geschwister: Gemeinnuetzige Arbeit, Politik und Gutswirtschaft
124:
Johanne Nethusius was only 14, still living with her parents in
736:"Zwanzig neue SchĂĽler beginnen ihre Ausbildung in der Stiftung"
707:"Ein Abriss der Neinstedter Geschichte bis in die 1950er Jahre"
88:
616:
Stammbaum, öffentliche Version ("Waldesnacht": Fam. Bünemann)
468:"Johanne Nathusius - ein Leben fuer die Behindertenfuersorge"
408:
399:
374:
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wider set of issues confronting such children. Her brother
305:
as the "Blödsinnigenanstalt", but as the "Elisabethstift" (
95:
for the rest of her life. Till 1860 she lived mainly in
846:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. pp. 194–195.
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698:
696:
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83:
Aged twelve, Johanne Nathusius fell seriously ill with
281:, in a disused farm house acquired for the purpose at
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411:, and for the dining hall at the Elisabethstift in
658:
656:
241:"Versagt der Landtag, dann wird es unsere Aufgabe"
172:(1827 – 1896). During 1852 Disselhoff stayed at
742:. Evangelische Stiftung Neinstedt. 15 August 2019
604:
443:
143:loosely "Institution for the mentally challenged"
107:wife Luise in May 1876, she went back to live in
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768:
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728:
704:
668:FrauenOrte - Frauengeschichte in Sachsen-Anhalt
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508:. Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar. pp. 331–333.
291:loosely, "the Institution for the Half-witted"
641:
551:
448:. Die Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
293:. She was herself a committed royalist.
16:German social worker & artist (1828–1885)
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634:
632:
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274:and his wife Marie had already opened their
263:from an engraving by C. Ernst Bollmann, 1863
778:Nathusius, JOhanne Philippine (1828 – 1885)
601:: Von Kunstgärtnern und Gartenkunst. p. 75.
495:
439:
437:
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333:, who was already head of the Lindenhof at
226:. Two of her brothers were members of the
840:Heinrich Laehr; Max Lewald (22 May 2018).
547:
545:
132:) set up for girl-children by her brother
629:
91:: the illnesses left her suffering from
781:. Böhlau Verlag Köln. pp. 333–336.
682:
670:. Claudia Jandt i.A. Courage e.V., Halle
460:
432:
380:
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28:from a painting by the subject's niece,
18:
558:. transcript Verlag. pp. 157–163.
542:
157:(1808 – 1872) who was a pioneer of the
894:
612:"Engelhard, Johann Philipp Nikolaus"
278:"home for orphans and the neglected"
180:"home for orphans and the neglected"
130:"home for orphans and the neglected"
972:19th-century German women educators
843:Neinstedt am Harz (Provinz Sachsen)
13:
957:19th-century women philanthropists
168:and by the writings of the pastor
14:
983:
444:Ursula Schmiedgen (9 June 2004).
217:"...von geistesschwachen Kindern"
30:Susanne von Nathusius (1850–1929)
705:JĂĽrgen Schwartz (October 2012).
228:Prussian Provincial Parliament (
880:
754:
552:Matthias Zaft (31 March 2014).
307:loosely, "Elisabeth Foundation"
219:) aged between 6 and 12 in the
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119:
1:
917:19th-century German educators
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389:
371:loosely, "Care of God asylum"
321:Although Johanne's brothers,
257:The "original Elisabethstift"
74:Philippine Gatterer/Englehard
962:Special education in Germany
952:19th-century philanthropists
937:German women philanthropists
348:
246:
37:Johanne Philippine Nathusius
7:
555:Die "Neinstedter Anstalten"
99:, after which she moved to
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988:
145:) that had been set up at
922:Child welfare in Germany
902:People from Haldensleben
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276:Rettungshaus fĂĽr Knaben
178:Rettungshaus fĂĽr Knaben
114:
62:Johann Gottlob Nathusius
311:"Neinstedter Anstalten"
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932:German philanthropists
907:Founders of orphanages
357:)) to let her use the
295:King Frederick William
268:
212:
41:socially disadvantaged
33:
912:German social workers
502:Eva Labouvie (2007).
381:Philosophy and legacy
272:Philipp von Nathusius
254:
194:
134:Philipp von Nathusius
22:
56:, a small town near
237:Prussian Parliament
230:"Provinziallandtag"
162:"Diakonie Movement"
927:German Protestants
814:has generic name (
299:Elisabeth Ludovika
269:
224:Province of Saxony
34:
967:Special educators
853:978-3-11-167404-9
788:978-3-412-51420-4
565:978-3-8394-1737-9
515:978-3-412-12906-4
355:the Queen Dowager
325:, a landowner in
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170:Julius Disselhoff
25:Johanne Nathusius
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367:"Care home ...."
287:same little town
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476:. Retrieved
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947:1885 deaths
942:1828 births
870:|work=
823:|work=
582:|work=
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396:Switzerland
185:little town
120:First steps
93:Periostitis
68:and nearby
896:Categories
794:12 October
746:10 October
427:References
390:The artist
315:Diakonie's
70:Hundisburg
872:ignored (
862:cite book
825:ignored (
804:cite book
720:9 October
674:9 October
621:9 October
584:ignored (
574:cite book
534:ignored (
524:cite book
478:8 October
452:8 October
413:Neinstedt
349:Expansion
335:Neinstedt
327:Meyendorf
283:Neinstedt
247:Neinstedt
174:Neinstedt
101:Neinstedt
58:Magdeburg
221:Prussian
398:and to
339:Philipp
331:Philipp
189:Philipp
139:Philipp
850:
785:
562:
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361:(near
329:, and
323:August
159:German
89:Typhus
710:(PDF)
422:Notes
409:Thale
400:Italy
375:Thale
115:Works
874:help
848:ISBN
827:help
816:help
796:2019
783:ISBN
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722:2019
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586:help
560:ISBN
536:help
510:ISBN
480:2019
454:2019
87:and
48:Life
303:not
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
