99:. Nothing is known about his early years, and most of the surviving information about his background was recounted by the composer himself in his petition for ennoblement of 1673. He described his father as a soldier, but in another document, the 1645 marriage certificate of Schmelzer's sister Eva Rosina, he is listed as a baker. Schmelzer does not mention his father's name, but Eva Rosina's marriage certificate does: Daniel Schmelzer. At any rate, it remains unclear where and from whom Schmelzer received primary music education. His activities before 1643 are similarly unknown–the composer is first mentioned in a document dated 28 June 1643, relating to his first marriage. He is referred to as a instrumental musician at
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Schmelzer was one of the most important violinists of the period, and an important influence on later German and
Austrian composers for violin. He made substantial contributions to the development of violin technique and promoted the use and development of sonata and suite forms in Austria and South
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Schmelzer attained a high reputation in a field (violin playing and violin composition) which at the time was dominated by
Italians; indeed, one traveler referred to him in 1660 as "the famous and nearly most distinguished violinist in all Europe". Schmelzer's
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of 1664 was the first collection of sonatas for violin and basso continuo to be published by a German-speaking composer. It contains the brilliant virtuosity, sectional structure, and lengthy ground-bass variations typical of the mid-Baroque violin sonata.
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Schmelzer was officially appointed court violinist in 1649. Our knowledge of his position, duties, and activities is incomplete. He apparently rose to prominence as a violin virtuoso, as well as a composer, and enjoyed a close relationship with
179:(26 November 1653 – 13 October 1701), a composer; Peter Clemens Schmelzer (28 June 1672 – 20 September 1746), a lesser composer; Franz Heinrich Schmelzer (born 27 June 1678), a Jesuit priest; and George Joseph Schmelzer (dates unknown).
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on 13 April 1671. On 14 June 1673, after the composer petitioned for ennoblement, the
Emperor raised Schmelzer to the ranks of nobility; Schmelzer now added
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Schmelzer was the foremost
Austrian composer of instrumental music of his day, and had an important influence on the Austrian violinist and composer
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139:, who was a well-known patron of the arts and a composer himself. Schmelzer started publishing his music in 1659. He was appointed vice-
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111:. The date of his arrival to Vienna is unknown, but he probably worked at the court chapel in the late 1630s, in the employ of
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337:(Kyrie & Gloria) – SSATTB, 2 violins, 2 violas, 2 clarini, 4 trombones, violone, bc
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Germany. He was the leading
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era. Almost nothing is known about his early years, but he seems to have arrived in
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in 1679. He died during a plague epidemic only months after getting the position.
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30:(c. 1620–1623 – between 29 February and 20 March 1680) was an
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200:(1644–1704), who is believed to have been one of Schmelzer's students.
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361:– SSATTB, 2 violins, 2 violas, 2 cornetts, 2 clarini, 4 trombones, bc
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court for the rest of his life. He enjoyed a close relationship with
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during the 1630s, and remained composer and musician at the
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Schnitzler, Rudolf (2001). "Johann
Heinrich Schmelzer". In
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Vesperae brivissimae de beatissimae virgine et de apostolis
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on 1 October 1679. Unfortunately, he fell victim of the
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371:Missa Tarde venientium in honorem Sancti Wenceslai
349:(Kyrie, Sanctus & Agnus) – SATB, 3 violas, bc
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373:– SATB, 2 violins, cornett/trombone, violone, bc
479:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
149:to his name. Eventually, after his predecessor
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87:and recolored in 1640 by Claes Jansz Visscher
313:– SSATTTBB, 2 violins, 4 violas, 2 gamba, bc
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570:17th-century deaths from plague (disease)
513:International Music Score Library Project
509:Free scores by Johann Heinrich Schmelzer
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289:– SATB, 2 violins, 3 violas, violone, bc
230:Sonatae unarum fidium seu a violino solo
210:Lamento sopra la morte di Ferdinando III
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341:Missa Peregrina in honorem Sancti Rochi
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389:Sileat misericordiam tuam, o bone Jesu
397:– SATB, 2 violins, gamba, violone, bc
391:– SATB, violin, 3 violas, violone, bc
23:Portrait of Johann Heinrich Schmelzer
255:Ad cocentus o mortales ad triumphos
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287:Currite, accurrite, caeli et terra
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595:Austrian male classical composers
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83:Vienna in 1609, drawn in 1609 by
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16:Austrian composer and violinist
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299:Hodie lux tua, sancti fulgebit
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241:150 suites, vocal works, and
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565:17th-century Austrian people
436:Vesperae solemnis pleno coro
216:Duodena selactarum sonatarum
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600:17th-century male musicians
236:Die musikalische Fechtschul
161:early in 1680, and died in
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585:Austrian Baroque composers
536:Sonata Quarta by Schmelzer
317:Missa Dei patris benedicte
272:"Qui habitat in adjutorio"
198:Heinrich Ignaz Franz Biber
524:Johann Heinrich Schmelzer
28:Johann Heinrich Schmelzer
482:(2nd ed.). London:
278:"Te lucis ante terminum"
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395:Terra triumphans jubila
223:Sacroprofanus concentus
170:Andreas Anton Schmelzer
101:St. Stephen's Cathedral
427:"Domine probabasti me"
365:Missa Sancti Stanislai
305:Inquietum est cor meum
275:"Ecce nunc benedicite"
151:Giovanni Felice Sances
121:Johann Jakob Froberger
91:Schmelzer was born in
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383:O Jesu summa charitas
359:Missa Sancti Spiritus
329:Missa Mater purissima
190:Sonatae unarum fidium
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522:has compositions by
484:Macmillan Publishers
353:Missa Sancti Joannis
323:Missa Jesu crusifixi
293:Die Stärke der Liebe
69:Heinrich Ignaz Biber
347:Missa pro defunctis
311:Le memorie dolorose
377:Nos autem gloriari
125:Giovanni Valentini
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493:978-1-56159-239-5
418:"Lauda Jerusalem"
137:Emperor Leopold I
115:and, after 1637,
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424:"In convertendo"
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409:"Laudate pueri"
406:"Dixit Dominus"
281:"Nunc dimittis"
266:"Cum Invocarem"
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243:Christian music
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129:Antonio Bertali
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105:Stephansdom
549:Categories
443:References
421:"Credidi"
75:Biography
39:violinist
476:(eds.).
261:Compieta
93:Scheibbs
51:Habsburg
35:composer
32:Austrian
515:(IMSLP)
511:at the
43:Baroque
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238:, 1668
232:, 1664
226:, 1662
218:, 1659
212:, 1657
163:Prague
159:plague
127:, and
109:Vienna
47:Vienna
530:Video
183:Music
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518:The
488:ISBN
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175:de
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
