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603:, Dahl felt that the sky was an important part of a landscape painting, and he never grew tired of watching the clouds move over the flat plain. One critic has compared two paintings of Friedrich and Dahl: "In...Dahl's 'Mother and Child by the Sea', there are echoes of Friedrich's 'Woman by the Sea' (1818). Whereas in Friedrich's work a woman dressed for the windy weather sits idly watching five fishing boats sailing past, in Dahl's picture, there seems to be a more personal note, with echoes of his own upbringing in a seafaring community, as the mother and small child eagerly await the return of the little ship from the sea." The same critic has written about one of his paintings of Dresden: "Dahl also commemorated the magnificent Baroque buildings of his adopted city, and a version of his
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578:, were equally influenced by both artists. "Well before their meeting," writes one critic, "Dahl had also painted a number of 'moonlights' and, travelling in Europe, he was in the Bay of Naples in 1821 when Mount Vesuvius was active. Here he painted 'Boats on the Beach Near Naples', where fishing crafts lie at anchor in the calm, shimmering waters with the twin peaks of the mountain smoking and flaming behind. Predictably, after his close association with Friedrich began—the two families shared a house in Dresden from 1823—he was considerably influenced by him, but his own more spontaneous and painterly style soon prevailed. Clients sometimes commissioned pictures from them both, a tranquil coastal scene by Friedrich to pair with a more stormy subject from Dahl."
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landscape he painted in the summer, it was not to show the light and colors of snow; it was to use snow as a symbol of death. As one critic has put it, "Unlike the radically
Romantic works also appearing at the time, Dahl softens his landscape, introducing elements of genre painting by imbuing it with anecdotal materials: In the background a wisp of smoke rises from a cabin, perhaps the home of the hunter on the snow-covered field." Thanks to Sagen's recommendations and to his own personal charm, Dahl soon gained access to the leading social circles in Copenhagen.
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not as art at all, but as a purely mechanical imitation of nature. The only landscapes that could be considered art, according to the academy, were ideal, imaginary landscapes in pastoral or heroic styles. In accordance with this reigning taste, Dahl attempted to give his Danish themes a certain atmospheric character in order to lift them up above what was considered a merely commercial level. But at the same time it was his deepest wish to provide a more faithful picture of
Norwegian nature than were offered by the old-fashioned, dry paintings of Haas and
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196:, the founder of the "golden age" of Norwegian painting. He is often described as "the father of Norwegian landscape painting" and is regarded as the first Norwegian painter to reach a level of artistic accomplishment comparable to that attained by the greatest European artists of his day. He was also the first to acquire genuine fame and cultural renown abroad. As one critic has put it, "J.C. Dahl occupies a central position in Norwegian artistic life of the first half of the 19th century.
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607:(1838) has travelled from the National Museum of Art, Architecture, and Design in Oslo. This small picture, measuring only 18.5 x 34.5 cm (7¼" x 13½"), shows the dome of the Frauenkirche and the tower of the Hofkirche dominating the skyline; silvers and deep blue combine to give it a wonderful jewel-like effect, together with a certain elegiac quality, perhaps indicative of the artist's awareness that his long friendship with Friedrich was nearing an end."
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477:(Mountainous Norwegian landscape with river"), garnered great attention among younger artists who considered the striking natural quality of the painting a breath of fresh air on Dresden's stagnant art scene. Another monumental waterfall painting, completed the next year, was lavished with praised by the critic for Kunstblatt who said that Dahl was greater than Jacob van Ruisdael. Dahl was accepted into the Dresden academy in 1820.
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450:, who helped him establish himself there and became his close friend. One critic has written: "Friedrich's still, meticulously executed landscapes - products of an art informed by his strict Protestant upbringing and a seeking for the divine in nature - were justifiably famous by the time he and Dahl became acquainted. We are able to see his
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writer has put it this way: "A warm and sociable character, he soon met and became friendly with the more introverted and reclusive
Friedrich, recording how they once walked together in the park of the Grösser Garten among 'many lovely trees of different kinds, and the moon looked beautiful behind the dark fir trees.'"
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Friedrich was fourteen years Dahl's elder and an established artist, but the two found in each other a shared love for nature and a shared enthusiasm for a way of depicting nature that was based on the study of nature itself rather than on the academic cliches that they both profoundly despised. One
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After his success in
Copenhagen, Dahl realized that he wanted to live as an independent, self-supporting artist. One challenge facing him was that the academic preference of the day was for historical paintings with moral messages. Landscapes were considered the lowest kind of art, and perhaps even
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Dahl never formed a "school" around himself, but rather preferred for his students to cultivate their own styles; it was against his principles and his respect for artistic freedom to try to inhibit his students' individuality. It was this impulse toward individuality that later caused him to turn
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In
Dresden, as in Copenhagen, Dahl traveled around the area to draw subjects that could be of use to him in larger works that would be painted later in his atelier. He wrote to Prince Christian Frederik in 1818 that "most of all I am representing nature in all its freedom and wildness." Dahl found
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As Dahl wrote in 1828 to the director of the
Dresden academy, he found the area around Dresden useful for nature studies, but the "real thing" was always missing; that was something he could only find in his mountainous homeland. He viewed himself as a "more Nordic painter" with a "love for
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Dahl held that a landscape painting should not just depict a specific view, but should also say something about the land's nature and character – the greatness of its past and the life and work of its current inhabitants. The mood was often idyllic, often melancholy. When he added snow to a
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As a member of the academy, Dahl always dedicated his time to young artists who sought him out. In 1824 he and
Friedrich were named "extraordinary professors" who had no chair but who received a regular salary. In 1823 Dahl moved in with Friedrich, so that many of his students, such as
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300:, whose workshop was the most important one in Bergen at the time. Still, Dahl looked back on his teacher as having kept him in ignorance in order to exploit him, putting him to work painting theatrical sets, portraits, and views of Bergen and its surroundings. Another mentor,
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J.C. Dahl occupies a central position in
Norwegian artistic life of the first half of the 19th century. His Romantic yet naturalistic interpretations of Norwegian scenery were greatly admired in Norway as well as on the European continent, particularly in Denmark and Germany.
260:– and he would later look back at his youth with bitterness. He regretted that he never had a "real teacher" in his childhood and, despite all his spectacular success, he believed that if he had been more fortunate in his birth, he would have achieved even more than he had.
454:(1819), which ranks among his greatest works, and features two "Rückfiguren," or figures seen from behind, solemnly and companionably gazing at a young sickle moon from the edge of an old forest. 'Greifswald in Moonlight' (1816–17) depicts the artist's birthplace in
502:, but felt he should take the prince up on his offer, so he married Emilie quickly and traveled to Italy the next day. He ended up spending 10 months in Italy. Though he missed his bride, the sojourn was a decisive factor in his artistic development. It was in
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Although Dahl spent much of his life outside of Norway, his love for his country is clear in the motifs he chose for his paintings and in his extraordinary efforts on behalf of
Norwegian culture generally. He was, for example, a key figure in the founding of the
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659:, but she, too, died in childbirth in December of that same year. Dahl was crushed, and many months passed before he was able to paint again. Some years later this youngest child also died, leaving Dahl with two surviving children,
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As important as Dahl's studies at the academy in
Copenhagen were his experiences in the surrounding countryside and in the city's art collections. In 1812 he wrote to Sagen that the landscape artists he most wished to emulate were
320:, and for that reason he was studying "nature above all," Dahl's artistic program was, then, already in place: he would become a part of the great landscape tradition, but he would also be as faithful as possible to nature itself.
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who at first thought that this bright student would make a good priest, but then, recognizing his remarkably precocious artistic ability, arranged for him to be trained as an artist. From 1803 to 1809 Dahl studied with the painter
647:(1850), based on studies made earlier, free and adventurous brush strokes represent the cloud-swept sky and broken surface of the water. Here he has moved far away from the purity and intensity of Friedrich's oeuvre."
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Dahl's trip to Norway in 1850 would be his last. He was aging and weak, but continued to paint landscapes in the mountains. This last journey to his homeland resulted in several magnificent works, including
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enough material in the Dresden area to supply motifs for his paintings, but he continued to paint imaginary landscapes with forests, mountains, and waterfalls. One such painting, completed in 1819, entitled
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Dahl continued his studies of nature in the area around Dresden when he had the time, or on longer trips which provided him with themes for his paintings. But most often he painted the view of the
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In 1827 Emilie Dahl died in childbirth while having their fourth child, and two years later two of the older children died of scarlet fever. In January 1830, Dahl married his student Amalie von
304:, showed the aspiring artist books about art and awakened his interest in historical and patriotic subjects. It was also Sagen who took up a collection that made it possible for Dahl to go to
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of Denmark, who developed an early interest in Dahl's artistic genius and saw to it that his works were purchased for the royal collection, became a lifelong friend and patron of the artist.
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seacoasts, mountains, waterfalls, sailboats, and pictures of the sea in daylight and moonlight." He longed to return to Norway, but not until 1826 was he able to make a journey home.
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in February 1821. He spent a great deal of time visiting museums, meeting other artists, and painting pictures to sell. In addition to painting sights in Rome and pictures of the
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506:, with its strong southern light, that Dahl's art truly flowered. It forced him to see nature plain, without the mediation of the old masters' renderings of light and color.
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521:. Dahl said that not until he was in Rome did he truly appreciate Norwegian nature. In June 1821 Dahl returned north to Emilie and a quiet life of family and painting.
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returned from abroad with his paintings of Roman settings; Dahl was impressed at once, and they became good friends and exchanged pictures. Dahl's 1817 painting
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Prince Christian Frederik wrote to Dahl in 1820 from Italy and invited him to join him at the Gulf of Naples. Dahl was at the time courting a young woman named
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Dahl took part in annual art exhibitions in Copenhagen beginning in 1812, but his real breakthrough came in 1815, when he exhibited no fewer than 13 paintings.
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down an offer of a permanent chair at the academy – he didn't want to feel compelled to show up for class when he was busy working on a painting.
419:. This desire was partly motivated by homesickness and patriotism, but it was also suited to the public taste of the day for "picturesque" works.
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709:(Norwegian: Nasjonalgalleriet), now the National Museum of Art, Architecture, and Design, and donated his own art collection to the institution.
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He made subsequent trips to Norway in 1834, 1839, 1844, and 1850, mostly exploring and painting the mountains, leading to the monumental works
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1503:, a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, which contains material on Johan Christian Dahl (no. 12–15)
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The National Museum of Art, Architecture and Design - The National Gallery, Oslo has a large collection of his works, including
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458:, on the Baltic coast: bathed in an even, gauzy moonlight, the ancient university town assumes an almost ethereal appearance."
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Dahl died after a brief illness and was buried on 17 October 1857 in Dresden. In 1902, a statue of Dahl by Norwegian sculptor
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469:, Dahl would become one of the Dresden painters of the period who exerted a decisive influence on German Romantic painting.
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Dahl quickly became a member of Dresden's leading circles of poets, artists, and scientists, among them the archeologist
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in September 1818. He arrived with introductions to the city's leading citizens and to major artists such as
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799:. The Bergen Kunstmuseum in Bergen, Norway, contains several of his more prominent works, including
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640:(1842). During his visits to Norway he received "an enthusiastic welcome as a painter of renown."
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and of several other major art institutions in Norway, as well as in the preservation of Norwegian
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marked the real beginning of his lifelong production of oil paintings depicting natural subjects.
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Den Norske Naturfølelse og Professor Dahl. Hans Kunst og dens Stilling i Aarhundredets Utvikling
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
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in Bergen. In 1934, his remains were brought back to Norway and buried in the cemetery of
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787:. The three honors testify to his extraordinary cultural impact throughout Scandinavia.
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Maleren Johan Christian Dahl. Et stykke av forrige aarhundres kunst- og kulturhistorie
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854:(1851). Significant works (with their titles in Norwegian) include the following:
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1277:"Johan Christian Dahl (1788- 1857) Winter Landscape. Near Vordinburg 1827"
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Dahl came from a simple background – his father was a modest fisherman in
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Many of his works may be seen in Dresden, notably a large picture titled
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Dahl's 1813 copy of it, which again impressed both Moltke and the Prince
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1980:
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1400:. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 731.
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108:
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Hans Fredrik Gude: From National Romanticism to Realism in Landscape
172:(24 February 1788 – 14 October 1857), often known as
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Professor Dahl. Et stykke af Aarhundredets Kunst- og Kulturhistorie
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Dahl's 1812 copy of it, which impressed both Moltke and the Prince
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Johan Christian Dahl. 1788-1857 Neue Pinakothek Munchen-1988-1989
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A Seascape. The Coast of the Island of Rügen in Evening Light
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A Seascape. The Coast of the Island of Rügen in Evening Light
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1916:
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A critic notes Dahl's late stylistic changes: "In his late
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As a boy, Dahl was educated by a sympathetic mentor at the
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Johan Christian Dahl 1788-1857: Life and Works Volume 1-3
1350:"- Permanenten: The West Norway Museum of Decorative Art"
308:
in 1811 to complete his education at the academy there.
1245:
1243:
1318:"Moonrise over Europe JC Dahl and Romantic Landscape"
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outside his windows in various kinds of light. Like
517:, he painted landscapes inspired by the mountains of
332:
Painting by Jacob van Ruisdael in the collection of
1240:
4132:Academic staff of the Dresden Academy of Fine Arts
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1257:. The Art of the Landscape blog. 20 January 2010
360:Another Ruisdael in Moltke's collection in 1812
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1522:
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747:(1859–1948) was erected on the facade of the
438:. Drawn during the artist's time in Dresden.
395:, 1824–25, inspired by the artist's friend,
1469:(Scandinavian University Press Publication)
705:Dahl was among the founding fathers of the
544:, who ran a major article on Dahl in 1822.
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29:
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188:artist who is considered the first great
4117:Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts alumni
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1199:(in Norwegian). trans. Joan Fuglesang.
4122:Knights of the Order of the Dannebrog
4018:Romanticism and the French Revolution
1652:
1510:
1194:
1500:Caspar David Friedrich: Moonwatchers
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749:West Norway Museum of Decorative Art
422:
530:View towards Vesuvio from Quisisana
42:Carl Christian Vogel von Vogelstein
13:
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14:
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1412:"Bergen Kunstmuseum - Vestlandet"
532:, 1820, Nationalmuseum, Stockholm
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1569:Shipwreck on the Norwegian Coast
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1283:. Statens Museum. Archived from
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1037:Shipwreck on the Norwegian Coast
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491:Shipwreck on the Coast of Norway
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36:Portrait of Johan Christian Dahl
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1601:The Stugunøset in the Filefjeld
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1146:The Stugunøset in the Filefjeld
755:(Sankt Jakob kirke) in Bergen.
1638:Norwegian romantic nationalism
1367:
1342:
1324:
680:Copenhagen Harbor by Moonlight
663:and Caroline, who married the
610:
452:Two Men Contemplating the Moon
132:Norwegian romantic nationalism
1:
4112:19th-century Norwegian people
4041:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog
1157:
883:Skibbrudd ved den norske kyst
836:Skibbrudd ved den norske kyst
547:
224:
170:Johan Christian Claussen Dahl
54:Johan Christian Claussen Dahl
16:Norwegian painter (1788–1857)
1492:Johan Christian Clausen Dahl
620:Gewitterstimmung bei Dresden
605:View of Dresden by Moonlight
590:View of Dresden by Moonlight
465:Together with Friedrich and
7:
4107:Norwegian romantic painters
1472:Heilmann, Christoph (1988)
1465:Bang, Marie Lødrup (1988)
409:Den Store Kro i Fredensborg
208:and the restoration of the
10:
4153:
3958:Coleridge's theory of life
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937:
707:National Gallery of Norway
475:Norsk fjellandskap med elv
202:Norwegian National Gallery
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4013:Romanticism and economics
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2028:Manuel Antônio de Almeida
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1083:The Frauenkirche, Dresden
777:King of Norway and Sweden
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669:Anders Sandøe Ørsted Bull
542:Artistisches Notizenblatt
393:Megalithic Tomb in Winter
383:Prince Christian Frederik
277:Christian Albrecht Jensen
237:with an Approaching Storm
141:
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1793:German historical school
1620:The Eruption of Vesuvius
1561:Winter at the Sognefjord
1005:Winter at the Sognefjord
988:The Eruption of Vesuvius
779:. He also received the
712:
2440:Józef Ignacy Kraszewski
1397:Encyclopædia Britannica
925:Stugunøset på Filefjell
871:Vinter ved Sognefjorden
852:Stugunøset på Filefjell
828:Vinter ved Sognefjorden
797:Norway and Storm at Sea
775:bestowed on him by the
436:National Gallery of Art
219:
4023:Romanticism in science
3978:Middle Ages in history
3973:List of Romantic poets
2685:Josiah Gilbert Holland
1392:Dahl, Johann Christian
1332:"Johan Christian Dahl"
1251:"Johan Christian Dahl"
1223:"Johan Christian Dahl"
1021:Entrance to Copenhagen
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159:Order of the Dannebrog
3993:Romantic epistemology
3983:Opium and Romanticism
2552:Stojadinović-Srpkinja
1778:Counter-Enlightenment
1593:Birch Tree in a Storm
1494:at Wikimedia Commons
1336:Store norske leksikon
1129:Birch Tree in a Storm
1068:Lyshornet near Bergen
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721:Johan Christian Dahl
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273:Portrait of J.C. Dahl
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1538:Johan Christian Dahl
1275:Lederbelle, Thomas.
859:Frederiksborg Castle
733:Statue of J. C. Dahl
235:Frederiksborg Castle
98:German Confederation
23:Johan Christian Dahl
4008:Romantic psychology
1803:Hudson River School
1747:Sweden (literature)
1732:Russia (literature)
1338:. 25 February 2020.
334:Adam Gottlob Moltke
1993:White Mountain art
1934:Historical fiction
1742:Spain (literature)
1585:View from Stalheim
1195:Haverkamp, Frode.
781:Order of Dannebrog
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136:German romanticism
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3968:List of romantics
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3058:Felix Mendelssohn
3053:Fanny Mendelssohn
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2516:Soares dos Passos
1864:Transcendentalism
1828:Nazarene movement
1788:Düsseldorf School
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1490:Media related to
889:Fra Stedje i Sogn
805:Fra Stedje i Sogn
773:Order of St. Olav
745:Ambrosia Tønnesen
737:Ambrosia Tønnesen
467:Carl Gustav Carus
442:Dahl traveled to
423:Abroad in Dresden
212:in Trondheim and
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2111:Chateaubriand
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1940:Mal du siècle
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1577:Frogner Manor
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1436:
1418:on 2007-10-16
1417:
1413:
1407:
1399:
1398:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1383:public domain
1370:
1356:on 2011-01-10
1355:
1351:
1345:
1337:
1333:
1327:
1319:
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1310:
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1306:
1304:
1302:
1287:on 2012-04-27
1286:
1282:
1278:
1271:
1256:
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1246:
1244:
1228:
1224:
1221:Bang, Marie.
1217:
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1099:
1098:Frogner Manor
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913:Bjerk i storm
911:
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832:Castellammare
829:
824:
822:
821:Bjerk i storm
818:
817:Stedje i Sogn
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
791:Notable works
788:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
769:Order of Vasa
760:
756:
754:
750:
746:
738:
734:
730:
724:
719:
710:
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701:
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628:
621:
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583:
579:
577:
573:
569:
560:
559:
554:
545:
543:
539:
531:
526:
522:
520:
516:
512:
509:Dahl went to
507:
505:
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493:
492:
487:
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476:
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468:
463:
459:
457:
453:
449:
445:
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429:
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398:
394:
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384:
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368:
363:
356:
351:
344:
339:
335:
328:
323:
322:
321:
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315:
309:
307:
303:
297:
292:
287:
278:
274:
270:
261:
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236:
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217:
215:
211:
207:
203:
197:
195:
191:
187:
182:
176:
171:
160:
157:
155:
154:Order of Vasa
152:
150:
147:
146:
144:
140:
137:
133:
130:
126:
123:
120:
117:
113:
110:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
81:
77:
73:
69:
52:
48:
43:
37:
32:
27:
20:
4069:
4062:
4055:
4039:
3759:Porto-Alegre
3648:
3413:Philosophers
3297:Rachmaninoff
2746:Chavchavadze
2736:Baratashvili
2496:João de Deus
2465:Wincenty Pol
2257:Küchelbecker
1985:
1951:Noble savage
1938:
1904:
1879:Wallenrodism
1856:
1842:
1773:Coppet group
1707:(literature)
1618:
1599:
1591:
1583:
1575:
1567:
1559:
1551:
1537:
1499:
1484:
1473:
1466:
1460:
1451:
1442:
1420:. Retrieved
1416:the original
1406:
1395:
1369:
1358:. Retrieved
1354:the original
1344:
1335:
1326:
1289:. Retrieved
1285:the original
1280:
1270:
1259:. Retrieved
1254:
1231:. Retrieved
1226:
1196:
1190:
1179:. Retrieved
1174:
1165:
1144:
1127:
1112:
1097:
1082:
1067:
1052:
1035:
1020:
1003:
986:
971:
954:
930:
924:
918:
912:
906:
900:
894:
888:
882:
876:
870:
864:
858:
851:
847:
844:Fra Stalheim
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
825:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
794:
766:
757:
742:
732:
722:
704:
699:
695:
689:
686:
678:
654:
644:
642:
635:
631:
629:
625:
619:
604:
594:
589:
580:
564:
556:
535:
529:
508:
497:
489:
474:
471:
464:
460:
451:
441:
431:
413:
408:
402:
392:
380:
376:
310:
283:
272:
255:
247:
233:
198:
180:
174:
169:
168:
84:(1857-10-14)
35:
4102:1857 deaths
4097:1788 births
3749:Michałowski
3581:Wackenroder
3546:F. Schlegel
3541:A. Schlegel
3317:Tchaikovsky
3206:Bortkiewicz
3078:R. Schumann
3073:C. Schumann
3038:Kalkbrenner
3007:Saint-Saëns
2312:Anne Brontë
2197:Eichendorff
2182:B. v. Arnim
2177:A. v. Arnim
1987:Weltschmerz
1946:Medievalism
1895:Blue flower
1823:Nationalist
1768:Bohemianism
1680:Romanticism
1623:(1820–1826)
1171:"I.C. Dahl"
1113:Holmestrand
850:(1842) and
819:(1836) and
813:Lysekloster
634:(1836) and
632:Fortundalen
611:Return home
572:Peder Balke
302:Lyder Sagen
294: [
250:Świnoujście
216:in Bergen.
105:Nationality
4091:Categories
3624:Chassériau
3599:Aivazovsky
3307:Rubinstein
3292:Mussorgsky
3241:Wieniawski
3226:Paderewski
3068:Moszkowski
2851:Vörösmarty
2841:Shevchenko
2695:Longfellow
2619:Batyushkov
2614:Baratynsky
2583:Espronceda
2450:Mickiewicz
2445:Malczewski
2412:Wordsworth
2397:M. Shelley
2352:de Quincey
2217:Günderrode
2101:Baudelaire
1981:Wanderlust
1818:Lake Poets
1422:2009-06-07
1360:2011-04-13
1291:2012-02-17
1261:2012-02-17
1233:2012-02-17
1181:2012-02-17
1158:References
651:Later life
568:Knud Baade
548:Mentorship
318:Everdingen
306:Copenhagen
225:Early life
181:I. C. Dahl
175:J. C. Dahl
60:1788-02-24
4064:Modernism
3724:Kiprensky
3684:Géricault
3669:Friedrich
3659:Delacroix
3634:Constable
3614:Bonington
3604:Bierstadt
3556:Senancour
3531:Schelling
3486:Lamennais
3481:Khomyakov
3446:Coleridge
3441:Chaadayev
3348:Stanković
3343:Mokranjac
3262:Balakirev
3221:Moniuszko
3170:Donizetti
3165:Cherubini
3063:Meyerbeer
3048:Marschner
3023:Beethoven
2936:Moscheles
2870:Musicians
2856:Wergeland
2821:Orbeliani
2776:Grundtvig
2680:Hawthorne
2649:Zhukovsky
2644:Vyazemsky
2629:Lermontov
2588:Gutiérrez
2547:Radičević
2511:Herculano
2435:Krasiński
2377:Radcliffe
2347:Coleridge
2322:E. Brontë
2317:C. Brontë
2247:Jean Paul
2242:Hölderlin
2131:Lamartine
2068:Magalhães
2058:Guimarães
1966:Pantheism
1956:Nostalgia
1808:Indianism
1756:Movements
1687:Countries
1545:Paintings
931:Måbødalen
895:Hellefoss
840:Hellefoss
801:Måbødalen
691:Måbødalen
667:minister
665:Norwegian
657:Bassewitz
456:Pomerania
417:Lorentzen
186:Norwegian
119:Norwegian
109:Norwegian
4076:Category
3892:Dahlhaus
3877:Blanning
3844:Scholars
3814:Tropinin
3809:Tidemand
3799:Stattler
3794:Scheffer
3694:Głowacki
3664:Edelfelt
3619:Bryullov
3561:Snellman
3536:Schiller
3526:Rousseau
3506:Michelet
3451:Constant
3421:Belinsky
3394:Sibelius
3338:Konjović
3312:Scriabin
3282:Lyapunov
3216:Lipiński
3185:Spontini
3175:Paganini
3119:Goldmark
2910:Thalberg
2905:Schubert
2885:Bruckner
2846:Topelius
2836:Runeberg
2826:Prešeren
2796:Leopardi
2761:Frashëri
2751:Eminescu
2731:Andersen
2639:Tyutchev
2624:Karamzin
2598:Zorrilla
2593:Saavedra
2491:Castilho
2479:Portugal
2470:Słowacki
2372:Polidori
2302:Barbauld
2237:Hoffmann
2192:Brentano
2106:Bertrand
1927:Romantic
1763:Ancients
1737:Scotland
1255:Synopsis
1053:Watzmann
901:Stalheim
846:(1842),
842:(1838),
838:(1832),
834:(1828),
830:(1827),
823:(1849).
815:(1827),
811:(1850),
807:(1836),
803:(1851),
661:Siegwald
637:Stalheim
434:, 1819,
403:In 1816
314:Ruisdahl
280:(c 1815)
248:View of
128:Movement
3917:Lovejoy
3852:Abraham
3774:Richard
3764:Préault
3689:Girodet
3571:Thoreau
3516:Novalis
3501:Mazzini
3496:Maistre
3471:Hazlitt
3456:Emerson
3436:Carlyle
3426:Berchet
3369:Berwald
3364:Bennett
3333:Hristić
3287:Medtner
3267:Borodin
3257:Arensky
3180:Rossini
3155:Bellini
3134:Joachim
3107:Hungary
3088:Strauss
3016:Germany
2982:Berlioz
2951:Voříšek
2946:Smetana
2924:Czechia
2878:Austria
2811:Maturin
2806:Manzoni
2781:Heliade
2756:Foscolo
2726:Alfieri
2721:Abovian
2675:Emerson
2634:Pushkin
2573:Bécquer
2506:Garrett
2460:Potocki
2407:Southey
2367:Maturin
2337:Carlyle
2294:Britain
2267:Novalis
2222:Gutzkow
2170:Germany
2136:Mérimée
2121:Gautier
2048:Barreto
2043:Azevedo
2023:Alencar
2003:Writers
1922:Byronic
1858:Purismo
1712:Germany
1694:Denmark
1631:Related
1459:(1920)
1450:(1894)
1441:(1893)
1433:Sources
1385::
938:Gallery
785:Denmark
444:Dresden
336:in 1812
90:Dresden
3942:Wellek
3922:de Man
3907:Janion
3897:Ferber
3872:Berlin
3867:Beiser
3862:Barzun
3857:Abrams
3834:Wiertz
3819:Turner
3769:Révoil
3754:Palmer
3744:Martin
3739:Leutze
3714:Janmot
3674:Fuseli
3629:Church
3521:Quinet
3511:Müller
3466:Goethe
3461:Fichte
3384:Franck
3326:Serbia
3277:Glinka
3250:Russia
3236:Tausig
3231:Stolpe
3211:Chopin
3199:Poland
3160:Busoni
3124:Heller
3093:Wagner
3028:Brahms
3002:Onslow
2992:Halévy
2960:France
2941:Reicha
2931:Dvořák
2900:Mahler
2895:Hummel
2890:Czerny
2786:Isaacs
2766:Geijer
2700:Lowell
2690:Irving
2670:Cooper
2665:Bryant
2607:Russia
2542:Njegoš
2537:Kostić
2532:Jakšić
2525:Serbia
2455:Norwid
2430:Fredro
2422:Poland
2392:Seward
2282:Uhland
2272:Schwab
2262:Mörike
2252:Kleist
2207:Goethe
2202:Fouqué
2151:Nodier
2146:Nerval
2141:Musset
2093:France
2083:Varela
2078:Taunay
2063:Macedo
2011:Brazil
1961:Ossian
1888:Themes
1727:Poland
1722:Norway
1704:France
1604:(1851)
1596:(1849)
1588:(1842)
1580:(1842)
1572:(1832)
1564:(1827)
1556:(1818)
1379:
1149:(1851)
1132:(1849)
1115:(1843)
1100:(1842)
1085:(1840)
1070:(1836)
1055:(1835)
1040:(1832)
1023:(1830)
1008:(1827)
991:(1826)
974:(1820)
959:(1818)
933:(1851)
927:(1851)
921:(1850)
915:(1849)
909:(1842)
903:(1842)
897:(1838)
891:(1836)
885:(1832)
879:(1828)
873:(1827)
867:(1826)
861:(1817)
763:Honors
739:(1902)
698:, and
683:, 1846
671:1848.
622:, 1830
574:, and
561:, 1842
519:Norway
494:, 1832
239:, 1814
194:Norway
142:Awards
68:Bergen
44:, 1823
4028:Bacon
3937:Rosen
3932:Ricks
3927:Nancy
3887:Blume
3882:Bloom
3804:Stroy
3789:Saleh
3784:Runge
3734:Lampi
3719:Jones
3709:Hayez
3644:Corot
3609:Blake
3576:Tieck
3566:Staël
3491:Larra
3476:Hegel
3431:Burke
3389:Grieg
3379:Field
3374:Elgar
3357:Other
3190:Verdi
3148:Italy
3139:Liszt
3129:Hubay
3114:Erkel
3098:Weber
3083:Spohr
3043:Loewe
3033:Bruch
2997:Méhul
2987:Fauré
2977:Auber
2972:Alkan
2831:Raffi
2801:Mácha
2791:Lenau
2741:Botev
2714:Other
2566:Spain
2501:Dinis
2387:Scott
2362:Keats
2342:Clare
2332:Byron
2327:Burns
2307:Blake
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2277:Tieck
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2227:Hauff
2161:Vigny
2156:Staël
2116:Dumas
2038:Assis
2033:Alves
2018:Abreu
1971:Rhine
1874:Ultra
1717:Japan
1229:. SNL
1177:. NRK
783:from
713:Death
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3729:Koch
3704:Gude
3699:Goya
3649:Dahl
3639:Cole
2967:Adam
2915:Wolf
2658:U.S.
2557:Zmaj
2187:Beer
2126:Hugo
2073:Reis
2053:Dias
1917:Hero
1852:Post
1813:Jena
1783:Dark
771:and
597:Elbe
511:Rome
316:and
220:Life
79:Died
50:Born
3399:Sor
3272:Cui
2705:Poe
1838:Pre
1833:Neo
1394:".
735:by
192:in
178:or
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