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144:, Jesse Jr., and Nancy Sarah (m. McNair). Jane, his oldest daughter, married Richard Drew, who served in the Cherokee Senate from 1841 to 1843. His oldest son, Dennis, was notable for serving as Principal Chief for two terms, from 1879 to 1887. Ned was a newspaperman, miner, and lawman, who served as sheriff and police chief of
160:
Jesse
Bushyhead had opposed removal of the Cherokees from their homeland in the Southeast. As the deadline approached when General Winfield Scott and the U.S. Army would escort the people to a new homeland in the Indian Territory, Rev. Bushyhead volunteered to lead one of the groups of emigres. The
383:
The other side of the monument bears the following inscription: "Rev. Jesse
Bushyhead was a man noble in person and noble in heart. His choice was to be a true and faithful minister of his Lord and Master rather than any high and worldly position. He loved his country and people, serving them from
164:
The group led by
Bushyhead followed the same northern route taken by the group led by Evan Jones. The route led them north through Tennessee and Kentucky to an Ohio River crossing at Golconda, Illinois, then west to cross the Mississippi River near Cape Girardeau, Missouri. After that, they turned
109:
In 1832, Reverend Jones recommended to the
Baptist Board of Foreign Missions that Bushyhead be appointed as an assistant missionary. The appointment was made, and Bushyhead served in this role for the next eleven years. He is said to have been the first Cherokee to have been ordained as a Baptist
379:
One side of the monument reads: "Sacred to the memory of Rev. Jesse
Bushyhead, born in the old Cherokee Nation in East Tennessee, September, 1804; died in the present Cherokee Nation, July 17, 1844. 'Well done, thou good and faithful servant; thou hast been faithful over a few things, I will make
101:
Bushyhead was baptized as a
Christian and became an avid member of the Baptist church in 1830. He began converting other Cherokee to Christianity, established a church at Amohee in Tennessee (then his home town), and became a close associate of noted Baptist missionary, Reverend
110:
minister. He continued to work closely with Jones, not only preaching to the
Cherokees, but translating the Book of Genesis and other religious books into the Cherokee language, using the Cherokee Syllabary. He also served as pastor of the Amohee church.
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148:. Carrie taught in the Cherokee school system for almost forty years, training numerous tribal leaders. Eliza Missouri, who was born on the Trail of Tears to Indian Territory, married Bluford Alberty with whom she ran a noted hotel in
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1678:
1614:
769:
1598:
563:
Hirschfelder, Arlene, and
Paulette Molin. "Bushyhead, Jesse." Encyclopedia of Native American Religions, Updated Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2000. American Indian History Online. Facts On File,
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His grave at the
Baptist Mission Cemetery is marked by a 15-foot-tall (4.6 m) marble monument. His grave is the only surviving property associated with his life, and as such is listed on the
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southwest to Indian
Territory. At the start of the trek, the group numbered 950 people. During the journey, the group experienced 38 deaths and 6 births, including that of one of his daughters,
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106:. Jones preached in English, while Bushyhead translated the sermon into Cherokee. One writer claimed that Bushyhead was, "... the best interpreter in the nation."
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time to time in many important offices and missions. He united with the Baptist Church in his early manhood and died as he had lived, a devoted Christian."
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65:, he established the Baptist Mission. He became chief justice of the Cherokee nation in 1840 and remained in that office until his death. His eldest son,
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1275:
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1230:
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Rev. Jesse Bushyhead died on July 17, 1844, after a brief, but unspecified illness. He was buried at the old Baptist Mission cemetery near Westville.
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Cherokee ancestry, John Bushyhead Stuart. He was educated at Candy's Creek Mission, and taught at several schools for boys in the Candy's Creek area.
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Jesse Bushyhead was born in September 1804 to a half-blood Cherokee woman named Nancy Foreman in a Cherokee settlement near the present city of
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180:. The Cherokees called the place "Breadtown" because food rations were distributed there. Later, they named the place "Baptist Mission."
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The trek terminated at a place Bushyhead called Pleasant Hill, about 4 miles (6.4 km) north of the present day town of
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thee ruler over many things. Enter thou into the joy of thy Lord.'" An inscription in Cherokee is at the bottom.
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Wilkerson; transcribed as Wilkinson by some of her descendants), with whom he had nine children: Jane (m. Drew),
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religious and political leader, and a Baptist minister. He was born near the present-day town of
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to west of the Mississippi River, he led a party of about 1,000 people on what is known as the
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group who followed him was from a part of the nation where there was no capable leader.
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University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places
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39:
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940:. Vol. 17, no. 50. Vinita, Indian Territory. 10 August 1899. p. 3.
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863:
Women Educators in the United States, 1820-1993: A Bio-Bibliographical Sourcebook
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faction of the Cherokee, he was dispatched by Ross in 1837 on a mission to the
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Jesse Bushyhead's home in Cleveland was on Mouse Creek near the present-day
1054:
Oklahoma State Historical Preservation Office page on Jesse Bushyhead grave
796:"Edward W. Bushyhead and John Rollin Ridge: Cherokee Editors in California"
743:
1183:
1203:
National Register of Historic Places listings in Adair County, Oklahoma
374:
National Register of Historic Places listings in Adair County, Oklahoma
90:
584:. Winston-Salem, North Carolina: John F. Blair Publisher. p. 94.
1674:
List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
169:, the rest arrived safely at their destination on February 23, 1839.
149:
50:
31:
1011:
996:
Foreman, Carolyn Thomas (March 1931). "Aunt Eliza of Tahlequah".
934:"Chief T. M. Buffington: A Sketch of the New Cherokee Executive"
1765:
Native American tribal government officials in Indian Territory
1245:
1755:
Religious figures of the indigenous peoples of North America
889:
1060:
The Rev. Jesse Bushyhead: Cherokee Indian and Missionary
53:. Although Bushyhead opposed the federal policy forcing
507:. Macon, Georgia: Mercer University Press. p. 73.
1075:
Cherokee in Controversy: The Life of Jesse Bushyhead.
932:
505:
Cherokee in Controversy: The Life of Jesse Bushyhead
1276:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
724:. Tulsa, Oklahoma: Indian Nations Press. pp.
471:Foreman, Carolyn Ross. "Aunt Eliza of Tahlequah."
1307:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
1721:
760:"Groups Dedicate Site as Part of Trail of Tears"
466:
464:
462:
460:
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1699:National Register of Historic Places portal
1207:List of National Historic Landmarks in Oklahoma
718:Drennan, John (c. 1950). Hook, Charlene (ed.).
155:
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550:. Vol. 15, No. 4. Retrieved July 20, 2013.
61:. On his arrival in 1839 near present-day
1247:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
960:
721:1851 Drennan Roll of the Cherokee Indians
210:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
96:
1775:19th-century Native American politicians
966:
581:Footsteps of the Cherokees, 2nd. Edition
521:
502:
176:, and about 70 miles (110 km) from
1750:Cherokee Nation politicians (1794–1907)
995:
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259:
234:
16:Cherokee religious and political leader
1722:
1012:"National Register Information System"
856:"Caroline Elizabeth Bushyhead Quarles"
757:
574:
538:"Early Missionaries to the Cherokees."
1790:Native American people from Tennessee
1219:
1084:
665:"Early Missionaries to the Cherokees"
662:
558:
556:
123:
38:. As a young man, he was ordained a
1795:Native American people from Oklahoma
1112:National Register of Historic Places
1017:National Register of Historic Places
1004:
861:. In Seller, Maxine Schwartz (ed.).
853:
842:
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183:
13:
1662:National Historic Preservation Act
772:from the original on 11 March 2021
553:
14:
1806:
944:from the original on 30 July 2024
891:"Necrology: Samuel Houston Mayes"
830:from the original on 27 July 2024
699:from the original on 28 July 2024
644:from the original on 28 July 2024
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251:
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132:, Daniel, Charlotte (m. Mayes),
1745:People from Westville, Oklahoma
926:
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784:
758:Chavez, Will (April 17, 2014).
751:
438:Balmer, Randall Herbert, 2004,
77:. He served from 1879 to 1887.
1615:Federated States of Micronesia
1261:Architectural style categories
903:(2). Oklahoma City, Oklahoma:
811:(3). Oklahoma City, Oklahoma:
711:
680:(4). Oklahoma City, Oklahoma:
656:
625:(1). Oklahoma City, Oklahoma:
598:
568:
475:. Vol. 9, No. 1 (March, 1931).
441:Encyclopedia of Evangelicalism
432:
351:
113:
69:, held several offices in the
1:
1032:
972:"Aunt Eliza - Notable Native"
425:
267:Show map of the United States
80:
663:Routh, E. C. (Winter 1937).
202:Bushyhead, Rev. Jesse, Grave
191:United States historic place
7:
954:Oklahoma Historical Society
905:Oklahoma Historical Society
813:Oklahoma Historical Society
682:Oklahoma Historical Society
627:Oklahoma Historical Society
444:, Baylor University Press,
345:Cherokee Trail of Tears MPS
156:Removal to Indian Territory
142:Eliza Missouri (m. Alberty)
10:
1811:
1770:Native American Christians
1667:Historic Preservation Fund
1646:American Legation, Morocco
1189:Rev. Jesse Bushyhead Grave
1042:, volume 13, p. 351 note 3
896:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
804:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
673:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
618:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
1687:
1654:
1633:
1608:Lists by associated state
1607:
1566:
1299:
1253:
1197:
1159:
1148:
1122:
865:. Westport, Connecticut:
610:"Aunt Eliza of Tahlequah"
503:Wimberly, Dan B. (2017).
362:
350:NRHP reference
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89:. His father was also of
1780:Trail of Tears survivors
1589:Northern Mariana Islands
1077:Mercer University Press.
484:Retrieved June 19, 2013.
167:Eliza Missouri Bushyhead
1132:Adair County Courthouse
1073:Wimberly, Dan B. 2017.
792:Foreman, Carolyn Thomas
768:. Tahlequah, Oklahoma.
747:(subscription required)
606:Foreman, Carolyn Thomas
1760:Adair County, Oklahoma
1584:Minor Outlying Islands
1567:Lists by insular areas
1281:Keeper of the Register
1116:Adair County, Oklahoma
1040:Chronicles of Oklahoma
998:Chronicles of Oklahoma
907:: 228–231. June 1928.
854:Watt, Marilyn (1994).
742: – via
548:Chronicles of Oklahoma
473:Chronicles of Oklahoma
97:Career as a missionary
1740:People from Tennessee
1286:National Park Service
1266:Contributing property
1169:Ballard Creek Roadbed
1022:National Park Service
308:36.03556°N 94.58278°W
146:San Diego, California
120:Cleveland High School
1641:District of Columbia
938:The Indian Chieftain
869:. pp. 403–411.
242:Show map of Oklahoma
178:Fort Smith, Arkansas
122:. He married Eliza (
87:Cleveland, Tennessee
36:Cleveland, Tennessee
313:36.03556; -94.58278
304: /
281:Westville, Oklahoma
174:Westville, Oklahoma
63:Westville, Oklahoma
30:; 1804–1844) was a
1047:2012-11-02 at the
968:Mihesuah, Devon A.
543:2013-06-17 at the
480:2012-11-07 at the
327:less than one acre
1717:
1716:
1271:Historic district
1213:
1212:
1142:KCS Railway Depot
1024:. March 13, 2009.
876:978-0-313-27937-9
514:978-0-88146-607-2
370:
369:
366:December 06, 2004
138:Caroline "Carrie"
1802:
1785:Bushyhead family
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184:Death and burial
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67:Dennis Bushyhead
45:A member of the
40:Baptist minister
26:ᎤᎾᏚᏘ, romanized
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311: /
287:Coordinates
114:Family life
1724:Categories
1543:Washington
1463:New Mexico
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1033:Literature
591:0895871335
426:References
299:94°34′58″W
104:Evan Jones
91:mixed-race
81:Early life
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1518:Tennessee
1423:Minnesota
1398:Louisiana
1200:See also:
1174:Breadtown
1161:Westville
913:0009-6024
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690:0009-6024
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1709:Category
1538:Virginia
1488:Oklahoma
1468:New York
1443:Nebraska
1433:Missouri
1418:Michigan
1408:Maryland
1393:Kentucky
1373:Illinois
1348:Delaware
1338:Colorado
1328:Arkansas
1124:Stilwell
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150:Talequah
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24:Cherokee
1655:Related
1558:Wyoming
1533:Vermont
1438:Montana
1378:Indiana
1358:Georgia
1353:Florida
1323:Arizona
1313:Alabama
948:30 July
918:30 July
776:29 July
703:28 July
648:28 July
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