407:, the Yamhill legislator was able to induce the men to join the Provisional Government. A previous episode of an American squatting on Fort Vancouver's farmland and his subsequent threat of burning the Fort down helped produce the agreement. The Provisional Government was to tax the Hudson's Bay Company only on transactions with the settlers. Douglas was one of the judges elected to the newly established Vancouver district, encompassing the lands of north of the Columbia. Upon hearing of an upcoming battle between two men over a woman, Applegate was able to get dueling banned.
990:
31:
328:" on the Oregon Trail. He became one of the leaders of the expedition after it split into two parties over a dispute about whether the large amounts of livestock being driven by some members of the group would slow down their travel. Applegate's party became known as the "cow column" and the other party was called the "light column". He memorialized the journey in an essay that gained in fame in the ensuing decades, "
525:
though he withdrew from the gathering before it was complete. In an address in 1865, Applegate expressed a then-progressive position that "Every member of the commonwealth, no matter of which sex, what color or where born, if free from the tutelage imposed by the domestic relations should have the
442:, to deliver a memorial written by Applegate appealing for military support. While attempting to reach his destination of California, Applegate had to turn back due to the mountain passes being impossible to traverse in the winter.
492:
traveled along the trail in 1846, its first year, and later accused
Applegate of starving his party to give him a stronger negotiating position for giving relief. Applegate was however defended by men who surveyed the road.
398:
across the
Columbia River, and Applegate led the way for a political settlement. He created a new oath for members of the government that was inclusive for British subjects as well as American citizens. In a meeting with
355:, a boat capsized and Jesse and Lindsay each lost a son to drowning. Lindsay later wrote, "We resolved if we remained in the country, to find a better way for others who might wish to emigrate."
849:
468:, resulted in the deaths of at least 23 people. Applegate wrote legislation that authorized him to survey a southern route to the Willamette Valley that would avoid the Columbia River.
526:
right to vote, if morally and mentally qualified to do so." Applegate died on April 22, 1888, and is buried in a small private cemetery near
Yoncalla, Oregon with his wife.
472:, one of Applegate's fellow emigrants from the Great Migration of 1843, was made the expedition's outfitter. Also known as the South Road, the Applegate Trail started at
542:
1523:
1518:
1472:
1482:
308:
the next year. His farmstead lasted for twelve years, with the labor force primarily slaves from neighboring farms, despite
Applegate not owning any personally.
317:
464:
was safer than the river passage, but was considered to be worst stretch of the entire Oregon Trail. Another attempt at finding an alternate route, the
876:
1513:
1538:
989:
1543:
1177:
753:
1548:
1528:
514:
907:
869:
733:
554:
632:
1467:
808:
664:
Land of giants; the drive to the
Pacific Northwest, 1750-1950, Lavender, David S., Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1958
329:
82:
43:
1056:
979:
522:
372:
189:
121:
1449:
862:
1358:
1273:
922:
732:
380:
1436:
1009:
469:
631:
767:
1218:
840:
1553:
1533:
1414:
1333:
1147:
422:. Douglas stated that he was not authorized to make a loan, but recommended the peace keeping mission of
387:, to draft a revision of the Organic Laws, eventually being voted and adopted by the settler population.
1443:
1422:
1338:
912:
781:
674:
Oregon
Legislators and Staff Guide, Provisional Government Legislators and Staff: 1845 Special Session.
434:, with others raised as well. Due to the isolation of the settler communities in the Willamette Valley
384:
1014:
456:
A safer alternative to boating the
Columbia River was still needed for settlers wishing to reach the
212:
438:
and
Applegate were appointed to request aid from other parts of the United States. Meek traveled to
702:
404:
673:
1182:
1039:
927:
917:
502:
391:
325:
1477:
1293:
1167:
1024:
969:
376:
261:
163:
74:
1428:
1393:
1243:
1233:
1127:
716:
688:
676:
550:
518:
142:
418:, a commission led by Applegate contacted Douglas to request a loan from the HBC, to fund a
1508:
1503:
1213:
897:
648:
489:
293:
248:. He was an influential member of the early government of Oregon, and helped establish the
8:
1363:
1152:
974:
942:
844:
368:
364:
113:
854:
1308:
1298:
1162:
1066:
902:
721:
Neiderheiser, Leta
Lovelace, Mustang, Oklahoma: Tate Publishing & Enterprises, 2010
426:
sent to the Cayuse. A loan of $ 999.41 was raised from the contributions of
Applegate,
414:
was one of the last series of events in Oregon that Applegate was active in. After the
352:
340:
1459:
1373:
1368:
1268:
1248:
1223:
1137:
1019:
804:
457:
423:
321:
301:
207:
1388:
1198:
1172:
1157:
1102:
1051:
1029:
954:
948:
510:
439:
431:
415:
289:
179:
367:, and also built a mill and worked as a surveyor, including surveying the site of
1348:
1328:
1313:
1288:
1097:
1087:
451:
400:
379:(one of five counties in Oregon at the time). Soon, he was appointed, along with
375:
1845, Applegate was elected without his prior knowledge as the representative of
249:
1383:
1283:
1228:
1132:
1122:
1107:
1082:
1045:
1004:
932:
481:
395:
348:
344:
336:
285:
245:
300:. Applegate married Cynthia Ann Parker on March 13, 1831, and settled outside
30:
1497:
1353:
1253:
1238:
964:
937:
758:, Carey, Charles H., Chicago: Pioneer historical Pub. Co., 1922, pp. 405-406
735:
Eleven years in the Rocky Mountains and a life on the frontier, Chapter XXXII
608:
585:
506:
485:
419:
1378:
1278:
1258:
1112:
959:
297:
269:
241:
1398:
1343:
1323:
1318:
1303:
1263:
1208:
1142:
1117:
1092:
465:
461:
435:
427:
305:
824:
772:, Thornton, Jeese Q., New York City: Harper & Brothers, 1849, p. 324
1034:
411:
1061:
473:
281:
277:
273:
265:
237:
790:(Oregon City, OR), April 29, 1847, p. 4 (accessed July 21, 2014)
707:, Dye, Eve. E, Chicago: A. C. McClurg & Co., 1902, p. 314
477:
371:. During the elections for the Legislative Committee of the
343:, the Applegate brothers built boats for traveling down the
884:
358:
390:
The Provisional Government had tense relations with the
324:
and their families, he joined what became known as the "
264:, on July 5, 1811. In 1821, he moved with his family to
363:
In 1844, Jesse Applegate started a farm in present-day
825:"Jesse Applegate: Pioneer, Statesman and Philosopher,"
236:(July 5, 1811 – April 22, 1888) was an American
586:"Jesse Applegate: Pioneer, Statesman and Philosopher"
693:, Gorver, La Fayette, Salem: A. Bush, 1853, p. 72
1495:
850:from End of the Oregon Trail Interpretive Center
268:where he soon was employed in the law office of
1524:Members of the Provisional Government of Oregon
1519:Members of the Oregon Constitutional Convention
284:to the Missouri Surveyor General, where he met
280:, worked as a schoolteacher, clerk, and deputy
613:The Quarterly of the Oregon Historical Society
339:at his mission and abandoning their wagons at
870:
252:as an alternative route to the Oregon Trail.
830:vol. 1, no. 4 (July 1907), pp. 217–233.
724:
240:who led a large group of settlers along the
877:
863:
296:—men who were instrumental in blazing the
29:
633:"A Day with the Cow Column in 1843"
629:
579:
577:
575:
573:
571:
749:
747:
718:Jesse Applegate: A Dialogue with Destiny
623:
543:"Biographical Sketch of Jesse Applegate"
583:
1496:
568:
359:Settlement and involvement in politics
311:
885:Pioneer history of Oregon (1806–1890)
858:
744:
660:
658:
1514:People who traveled the Oregon Trail
606:
590:The Washington Historical Quarterly
13:
1539:People from Henry County, Kentucky
817:
730:
655:
535:
445:
14:
1565:
834:
330:A Day with the Cow Column in 1843
83:Provisional Legislature of Oregon
44:Provisional Legislature of Oregon
988:
923:Oregon & California Railroad
828:Washington Historical Quarterly,
547:Crafting the Oregon Constitution
523:Oregon Constitutional Convention
373:Provisional Government of Oregon
122:Oregon Constitutional Convention
1450:Oregon Steam Navigation Company
793:
775:
761:
517:tribe. In 1857, he represented
710:
696:
682:
667:
600:
1:
1544:People from Osceola, Missouri
1010:Russo-American Treaty of 1824
769:Oregon and California in 1848
679:. Retrieved on June 20, 2016.
584:Schafer, Joseph (July 1907).
496:
255:
1549:People from Yoncalla, Oregon
1529:People from Oregon Territory
619:. Oregon Historical Society.
529:
509:in 1849. He named the place
260:Jesse Applegate was born in
7:
638:Oregon Historical Quarterly
596:. University of Washington.
10:
1570:
799:Browning, James A. (1993)
449:
335:After leaving their guide
1458:
1407:
1191:
1075:
1057:Constitutional Convention
1015:Willamette Cattle Company
997:
986:
890:
801:Violence Was No Stranger.
704:McLoughlin and Old Oregon
646:(Originally published in
630:Applegate, Jesse (1900).
227:
219:
213:Oliver Cromwell Applegate
203:
195:
185:
169:
157:
152:
148:
138:
127:
119:
109:
99:
88:
80:
70:
60:
49:
41:
37:
28:
21:
783:For the Oregon spectator
731:Victor, Frances Fuller.
607:Long, S.A. (June 1908).
316:Along with his brothers
1183:Willamette Trading Post
1040:Donation Land Claim Act
928:Oregon boundary dispute
841:Jesse Applegate—Pioneer
501:Applegate settled on a
326:Great Migration of 1843
1468:Native peoples history
1168:Thomas and Ruckle Road
980:Provisional Government
609:"Mrs. Jesse Applegate"
553:. 2009. Archived from
262:Henry County, Kentucky
164:Henry County, Kentucky
1244:Abigail Scott Duniway
677:Oregon State Archives
551:Oregon State Archives
420:military intervention
918:Hudson's Bay Company
898:American Fur Company
649:The Overland Monthly
484:before crossing the
392:Hudson's Bay Company
294:David Edward Jackson
1364:Eliza Hart Spalding
975:Pacific Fur Company
943:Oregon missionaries
908:Executive Committee
845:Oregon Encyclopedia
803:Barbed Wire Press.
690:The Oregon Archives
312:The Great Migration
1554:Oregon Republicans
1534:American explorers
1309:Morton M. McCarver
1299:David Thomas Lenox
1163:Philip Foster Farm
1067:Great Gale of 1880
903:Columbian exchange
199:Cynthia Ann Parker
105:position dissolved
1491:
1490:
1374:William Vandevert
1269:Cornelius Gilliam
1249:Thomas Lamb Eliot
1224:William H. Boring
1219:François Blanchet
1148:Methodist Mission
1020:Champoeg Meetings
755:History of Oregon
480:and followed the
458:Willamette Valley
302:Osceola, Missouri
231:
230:
208:Lindsay Applegate
1561:
1394:Geo. H. Williams
1389:Narcissa Whitman
1199:George Abernethy
1173:Tualatin Academy
1158:Oregon Institute
1052:Rogue River Wars
1030:Whitman massacre
992:
955:Oregon Territory
949:Oregon Spectator
879:
872:
865:
856:
855:
823:Joseph Schafer,
812:
797:
791:
788:Oregon Spectator
779:
773:
765:
759:
751:
742:
741:
739:
728:
722:
714:
708:
700:
694:
686:
680:
671:
665:
662:
653:
645:
635:
627:
621:
620:
604:
598:
597:
581:
566:
565:
563:
562:
539:
513:after the local
440:Washington, D.C.
432:George Abernethy
416:Whitman massacre
341:Fort Walla Walla
290:William Sublette
180:Yoncalla, Oregon
176:
153:Personal details
132:
102:
93:
75:Yamhill District
63:
54:
33:
19:
18:
16:American pioneer
1569:
1568:
1564:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1478:Pioneer history
1473:History to 1806
1454:
1403:
1349:Osborne Russell
1329:James D. Miller
1314:John McLoughlin
1204:Jesse Applegate
1187:
1178:Whitman Mission
1088:Applegate Trail
1071:
993:
984:
886:
883:
837:
820:
818:Further reading
815:
798:
794:
786:, Goff, David,
780:
776:
766:
762:
752:
745:
729:
725:
715:
711:
701:
697:
687:
683:
672:
668:
663:
656:
628:
624:
605:
601:
582:
569:
560:
558:
557:on July 1, 2022
541:
540:
536:
532:
499:
476:in present-day
454:
452:Applegate Trail
448:
446:Applegate Trail
401:John McLoughlin
361:
314:
258:
250:Applegate Trail
234:Jesse Applegate
211:
186:Political party
178:
174:
162:
133:
128:
100:
94:
89:
61:
55:
50:
24:
23:Jesse Applegate
17:
12:
11:
5:
1567:
1557:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1483:Modern history
1480:
1475:
1470:
1464:
1462:
1460:Oregon history
1456:
1455:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1440:
1437:Colonel Wright
1433:
1426:
1419:
1411:
1409:
1408:Transportation
1405:
1404:
1402:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1384:Marcus Whitman
1381:
1376:
1371:
1369:Henry Spalding
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1284:Joseph Kellogg
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1229:Elijah Bristow
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1195:
1193:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1133:French Prairie
1130:
1125:
1123:Fort Vancouver
1120:
1115:
1110:
1108:Elliott Cutoff
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1046:Holmes v. Ford
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1025:Star of Oregon
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1005:Treaty of 1818
1001:
999:
995:
994:
987:
985:
983:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
945:
940:
935:
933:Oregon Country
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
894:
892:
888:
887:
882:
881:
874:
867:
859:
853:
852:
847:
836:
835:External links
833:
832:
831:
819:
816:
814:
813:
792:
774:
760:
743:
723:
709:
695:
681:
666:
654:
622:
599:
567:
533:
531:
528:
498:
495:
490:Jesse Thornton
482:Humboldt River
450:Main article:
447:
444:
396:Fort Vancouver
377:Yamhill County
360:
357:
349:Fort Vancouver
345:Columbia River
337:Marcus Whitman
313:
310:
286:Jedediah Smith
272:. He attended
257:
254:
246:Oregon Country
229:
228:
225:
224:
221:
217:
216:
205:
201:
200:
197:
193:
192:
187:
183:
182:
177:(aged 76)
173:April 22, 1888
171:
167:
166:
159:
155:
154:
150:
149:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
125:
124:
120:Member of the
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
103:
97:
96:
86:
85:
81:Member of the
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
64:
58:
57:
47:
46:
42:Member of the
39:
38:
35:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1566:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1457:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1445:
1441:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1354:Sager orphans
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1339:Robert Newell
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1254:Philip Foster
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1239:Matthew Deady
1237:
1235:
1234:Tabitha Brown
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1047:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1000:
996:
991:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
965:Oregon Treaty
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
950:
946:
944:
941:
939:
938:Oregon Lyceum
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
895:
893:
889:
880:
875:
873:
868:
866:
861:
860:
857:
851:
848:
846:
842:
839:
838:
829:
826:
822:
821:
810:
809:0-935269-11-8
806:
802:
796:
789:
785:
784:
778:
771:
770:
764:
757:
756:
750:
748:
738:
736:
727:
720:
719:
713:
706:
705:
699:
692:
691:
685:
678:
675:
670:
661:
659:
651:
650:
643:
639:
634:
626:
618:
614:
610:
603:
595:
591:
587:
580:
578:
576:
574:
572:
556:
552:
548:
544:
538:
534:
527:
524:
520:
519:Umpqua County
516:
512:
508:
507:Umpqua Valley
504:
494:
491:
487:
486:Klamath Basin
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
453:
443:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
408:
406:
405:James Douglas
402:
397:
393:
388:
386:
385:Robert Newell
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
356:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
333:
331:
327:
323:
319:
309:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
226:
222:
218:
214:
209:
206:
202:
198:
194:
191:
188:
184:
181:
172:
168:
165:
160:
156:
151:
147:
144:
143:Umpqua County
141:
137:
131:
126:
123:
118:
115:
114:Polk District
112:
108:
104:
98:
92:
87:
84:
79:
76:
73:
69:
65:
59:
53:
48:
45:
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
1442:
1435:
1429:
1423:Lot Whitcomb
1421:
1415:
1379:Elijah White
1279:Chief Joseph
1259:Peter French
1203:
1128:Fort William
1113:Fort Astoria
1044:
970:Organic Laws
960:Oregon Trail
947:
827:
800:
795:
787:
782:
777:
768:
763:
754:
734:
726:
717:
712:
703:
698:
689:
684:
669:
647:
641:
637:
625:
616:
612:
602:
593:
589:
559:. Retrieved
555:the original
546:
537:
500:
470:Daniel Waldo
455:
409:
394:centered on
389:
362:
334:
315:
298:Oregon Trail
270:Edward Bates
259:
242:Oregon Trail
233:
232:
175:(1888-04-22)
161:July 5, 1811
139:Constituency
129:
110:Constituency
101:Succeeded by
90:
71:Constituency
51:
1509:1888 deaths
1504:1811 births
1399:Ewing Young
1344:Joel Palmer
1324:Ezra Meeker
1319:Joseph Meek
1304:Asa Lovejoy
1264:Joseph Gale
1209:Ira Babcock
1153:Oregon City
1143:Meek Cutoff
1118:Fort Dalles
1093:Barlow Road
466:Meek Cutoff
462:Barlow Road
436:Joseph Meek
428:Asa Lovejoy
424:Peter Ogden
369:Oregon City
365:Polk County
306:Osage River
62:Preceded by
1498:Categories
1359:Levi Scott
1334:John Minto
1289:H.A.G. Lee
1274:David Hill
1214:Sam Barlow
1035:Cayuse War
561:2023-02-06
503:land claim
497:Later life
412:Cayuse War
381:David Hill
353:The Dalles
256:Early life
220:Occupation
190:Republican
1294:Jason Lee
1138:Linn City
1062:Modoc War
843:from the
530:Footnotes
474:Fort Hall
304:, on the
210:(brother)
204:Relations
130:In office
95:1848–1849
91:In office
56:1845–1845
52:In office
1416:Columbia
1103:Champoeg
652:, 1868.)
511:Yoncalla
282:surveyor
278:Illinois
274:seminary
266:Missouri
215:(nephew)
1444:Gazelle
1430:Canemah
1098:Canemah
913:Ferries
521:at the
505:in the
351:. Near
322:Lindsay
318:Charles
244:to the
238:pioneer
1192:People
1083:Albina
1076:Places
998:Events
891:Topics
807:
737:
515:Indian
460:. The
292:, and
223:farmer
196:Spouse
478:Idaho
805:ISBN
430:and
410:The
403:and
383:and
320:and
170:Died
158:Born
134:1857
66:none
347:to
332:".
276:in
1500::
746:^
657:^
640:.
636:.
615:.
611:.
592:.
588:.
570:^
549:.
545:.
488:.
288:,
878:e
871:t
864:v
811:.
740:.
644:.
642:1
617:9
594:1
564:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)