Java (software platform)

2780:

with conversion code and using larger data types, it makes using Java cumbersome for handling the unsigned data. While a 32-bit signed integer may be used to hold a 16-bit unsigned value with relative ease, a 32-bit unsigned value would require a 64-bit signed integer. Additionally, a 64-bit unsigned value cannot be stored using any integer type in Java because no type larger than 64 bits exists in the Java language. If abstracted using functions, function calls become necessary for many operations which are native to some other languages. Alternatively, it is possible to use Java's signed integers to emulate unsigned integers of the same size, but this requires detailed knowledge of complex bitwise operations.

598:. Distributions include Amazon Corretto, Zulu, AdoptOpenJDK, and Liberica. Regarding Oracle, it distributes Java 8, and also makes available e.g. Java 11, both also currently supported LTS versions. Oracle (and others) "highly recommend that you uninstall older versions of Java" than Java 8, because of serious risks due to unresolved security issues. Since Java 9 (as well as versions 10, and 12–16, and 18–20) are no longer supported, Oracle advises its users to "immediately transition" to a supported version. Oracle released the last free-for-commercial-use public update for the 6047: 2529: 6425: 6437: 2952: 1733: 2919:

from end-user systems worldwide." "Once promising, it has outlived its usefulness in the browser, and has become a nightmare that delights cyber-criminals at the expense of computer users." "I think everyone should uninstall Java from all their PCs and Macs, and then think carefully about whether they need to add it back. If you are a typical home user, you can probably do without it. If you are a business user, you may not have a choice."

2615: 398: 5898: 2431: 6920: 1203:, appearing since 2002, which incorporates many of the successful aspects of Java. .NET was built from the ground-up to support multiple programming languages, while the Java platform was initially built to support only the Java language, although many other languages have been made for JVM since. Like Java, .NET languages compile to byte code and are executed by the 1893: 2932:" that will redirect browser searches to ads and "McAfee Security Scan Plus". These offers can be blocked through a setting in the Java Control Panel, although this is not obvious. This setting is located under the "Advanced" tab in the Java Control Panel, under the "Miscellaneous" heading, where the option is labelled as an option to suppress "sponsor offers". 1768:; McNealy asked him to pretend he was God and send him an e-mail explaining how to fix the company. Naughton envisioned the creation of a small team that could work autonomously without the bureaucracy that was stalling other Sun projects. McNealy forwarded the message to other important people at Sun, and the 2845:

can either be interpreted at run time by a virtual machine, or it can be compiled at load time or runtime into native code which runs directly on the computer's hardware. Interpretation is slower than native execution, and compilation at load time or runtime has an initial performance penalty for the

2571:

The source code for Sun's implementations of Java (i.e. the de facto reference implementation) has been available for some time, but until recently, the license terms severely restricted what could be done with it without signing (and generally paying for) a contract with Sun. As such these terms did

1024:

that applications can call at runtime. Because the Java platform is not dependent on any specific operating system, applications cannot rely on any of the pre-existing OS libraries. Instead, the Java platform provides a comprehensive set of its own standard class libraries containing many of the same

866:

The use of bytecode as an intermediate language permits Java programs to run on any platform that has a virtual machine available. The use of a JIT compiler means that Java applications, after a short delay during loading and once they have "warmed up" by being all or mostly JIT-compiled, tend to run

2918:

has called for users to remove at least the Java browser plugin and also the entire software. "I look forward to a world without the Java plugin (and to not having to remind readers about quarterly patch updates) but it will probably be years before various versions of this plugin are mostly removed

2327:

model was adopted starting with version 9. For the first time, OpenJDK 11 represents the complete source code for the Java platform under the GNU General Public License, and while Oracle still dual-licenses it with an optional proprietary license, there are no code differences nor modules unique to

2286:

platform, but is known to work there. Thus, due to the end of Java 7's lifecycle it is the recommended version for XP users. Previously, only an unofficial manual installation method had been described for Windows XP SP3. It refers to JDK8, the developing platform for Java that also includes a

2682:

on May 8, 2007, except some limited parts that were licensed by Sun from third parties who did not want their code to be released under a free software and open-source license. Some of the encumbered parts turned out to be fairly key parts of the platform such as font rendering and 2D rasterising,

2779:

and the lack of these types prevents direct data interchange between C and Java. Unsigned large numbers are also used in many numeric processing fields, including cryptography, which can make Java less convenient to use for these tasks. Although it is possible to partially circumvent this problem

1968:

While the so-called Java applets for web browsers no longer are the most popular use of Java (with it e.g. more used server-side) or the most popular way to run code client-side (JavaScript took over as more popular), it still is possible to run Java (or other JVM languages such as Kotlin) in web

1041:

libraries implement an abstraction layer in native OS code, then provide a standard interface for the Java applications to perform those tasks. Finally, when some underlying platform does not support all of the features a Java application expects, the class libraries work to gracefully handle the

997:

bytecode, which is the native input format for the virtual machine on Android devices.) The last Critical Path Update version of JRE with an Oracle BCL Agreement was 8u201 and, the last Patch Set Update version with the same license was 8u202. The last Oracle JRE implementation, regardless of its

2868:

In recent years, researchers have discovered numerous security flaws in some widely used Java implementations, including Oracle's, which allow untrusted code to bypass the sandboxing mechanism, exposing users to malicious attacks. These flaws affect only Java applications which execute arbitrary

2717:

Because OpenJDK is under the GPL, it is possible to redistribute a custom version of the JRE directly with software applications, rather than requiring the enduser (or their sysadmin) to download and install the correct version of the proprietary Oracle JRE onto each of their systems themselves.

1032:

The Java class libraries serve three purposes within the Java platform. First, like other standard code libraries, the Java libraries provide the programmer a well-known set of functions to perform common tasks, such as maintaining lists of items or performing complex string parsing. Second, the

2732:

In most cases, Java support is unnecessary in Web browsers, and security experts recommend that it not be run in a browser unless absolutely necessary. It was suggested that, if Java is required by a few Web sites, users should have a separate browser installation specifically for those sites.

1061:

Java 7. The language and runtime were therefore commonly considered a single unit. However, an effort was made with the Java 7 specification to more clearly treat the Java language and the Java Virtual Machine as separate entities, so that they are no longer considered a single unit.

2860:

The Java platform provides a security architecture which is designed to allow the user to run untrusted bytecode in a "sandboxed" manner to protect against malicious or poorly written software. This "sandboxing" feature is intended to protect the user by restricting access to certain platform

1060:

The word "Java", alone, usually refers to Java programming language that was designed for use with the Java platform. Programming languages are typically outside of the scope of the phrase "platform", although the Java programming language was listed as a core part of the Java platform before

915:

Oracle releases the current version of the software under the Oracle No-Fee Terms and Conditions (NFTC) license. Oracle releases binaries for the x86-64 architecture for Windows, macOS, and Linux based operating systems, and for the aarch64 architecture for macOS and Linux. Previous versions

1318:

to malicious web sites. In 2013 Kaspersky Labs reported that the Java plug-in was the method of choice for computer criminals. Java exploits are included in many exploit packs that hackers deploy onto hacked web sites. Java applets were removed in Java 11, released on September 25, 2018.

1310:

The Java JRE is installed on a large number of computers. End users with an out-of-date version of JRE therefore are vulnerable to many known attacks. This led to the widely shared belief that Java is inherently insecure. Since Java 1.7, Oracle's JRE for Windows includes automatic update

2442:

Current Java is supported on 64-bit Windows 10 (and Server 2016) and later, 64-bit macOS 13.x and later, and 64-bit Linux (e.g. Oracle Enterprise Linux). Others are not supported by Oracle (for building, but may be by IBM, SAP etc.), though are known to work e.g. AIX, Ubuntu, RHEL, and

62: 1301:

Originally there was no permanent generation, and objects and classes were stored together in the same area. But as class unloading occurs much more rarely than objects are collected, moving class structures to a specific area allowed significant performance improvements.

911:

which Oracle stewards. It provides software for working with Java applications. Examples of included software are the Java virtual machine, a compiler, performance monitoring tools, a debugger, and other utilities that Oracle considers useful for Java programmers.

2654:

on November 13, 2006, with a promise that the rest of the JDK (that includes the JRE) would be placed under the GPL by March 2007 ("except for a few components that Sun does not have the right to publish in distributable source form under the GPL"). According to

1033:

class libraries provide an abstract interface to tasks that would normally depend heavily on the hardware and operating system. Tasks such as network access and file access are often heavily intertwined with the distinctive implementations of each platform. The

2806:

modifier, such as Exception Flags and Directed Roundings – capabilities mandated by IEEE Standard 754. Additionally, the extended-precision floating-point types permitted in 754 and present in many processors are not permitted in Java.

2252:

for generic instance creation. The JVM was extended with support for dynamic languages, while the class library was extended among others with a join/fork framework, an improved new file I/O library and support for new network protocols such as

1953:. Sun priced Java licenses below cost to gain market share. Although Java 1.0a became available for download in 1994, the first public release of Java, Java 1.0a2 with the HotJava browser, came on May 23, 1995, announced by Gage at the 1002:. The modularization of Java SE implementations allows developers to bundle their applications together with all the modules used by them, instead of solely relying on the presence of a suitable Java SE implementation in the user device. 854:

programs. This bytecode is the same no matter what hardware or operating system the program is running under. However, new versions, such as for Java 10 (and earlier), have made small changes, meaning the bytecode is in general only

907:. It implements the Java Language Specification (JLS) and the Java Virtual Machine Specification (JVMS) and provides the Standard Edition (SE) of the Java Application Programming Interface (API). It is derivative of the community driven 2401:

In addition to language changes, significant changes have been made to the Java class library over the years, which has grown from a few hundred classes in JDK 1.0 to over three thousand in J2SE 5.0. Entire new APIs, such as

5888: 2599:

meant that their implementations of the Java libraries (the compiler and VM are comparatively small and well defined) were incomplete and not fully compatible. These implementations also tended to be far less optimized than Sun's.

656:

The essential components in the platform are the Java language compiler, the libraries, and the runtime environment in which Java intermediate bytecode executes according to the rules laid out in the virtual machine specification.

2519:

Oracle plans to first deprecate the separately installable Java browser plugin from the Java Runtime Environment in JDK 9 then remove it completely from a future release, forcing web developers to use an alternative technology.

5126: 690:(Micro Edition): Specifies several different sets of libraries (known as profiles) for devices with limited storage, display, and power capacities. It is often used to develop applications for mobile devices, PDAs, TV 2690:

Sun's goal was to replace the parts that remain proprietary and closed-source with alternative implementations and make the class library completely free and open source. In the meantime, a third-party project called

1828:

environment based on C++. Initially, Gosling attempted to modify and extend C++ (a proposed development that he referred to as "C++ ++ --") but soon abandoned that in favor of creating a new language, which he called

2927:

The Oracle-distributed Java runtime environment has a history of bundling sponsored software to be installed by default during installation and during the updates which roll out every month or so. This includes the

2869:

untrusted bytecode, such as web browser plug-ins that run Java applets downloaded from public websites. Applications where the user trusts, and has full control over, all code that is being executed are unaffected.

1232:

The JVM specification gives a lot of leeway to implementors regarding the implementation details. Since Java 1.3, JRE from Oracle contains a JVM called HotSpot. It has been designed to be a high-performance JVM.

4184:'The lawyers had told us that we couldn't use the name "OAK" because Oak Technologies,' said Frank Yellin, a senior engineer at Sun. 'So a brainstorming session was held to come up with ideas for a new name.' 2891:

that it was not secure and that people should disable Java. Jaime Blasco, Labs Manager with AlienVault Labs, stated that "Java is a mess. It's not secure. You have to disable it." This vulnerability affects

5583: 1207:(CLR), which is similar in purpose to the JVM. Like the JVM, the CLR provides memory management through automatic garbage collection, and allows .NET byte code to run on multiple operating systems. 5886: 5557: 602:

Java 8 LTS in January 2019, and will continue to support Java 8 with public updates for personal use indefinitely. Oracle extended support for Java 6 ended in December 2018.

2763:

and re-use of these existing classes. This limited the features that could be provided by this addition as compared to some other languages. The addition of type wildcards made Java unsound.

582:(LTS) version is Java 21 released in September 2023, which is one of a few LTS versions still supported, down to Java 8 LTS. As an open source platform, Java has many distributors, including 2282:) and default methods, the Project Nashorn JavaScript runtime, a new Date and Time API inspired by Joda Time, and the removal of PermGen. This version is not officially supported on the 1924:

the Internet could evolve into the same highly interactive medium that they had envisioned for cable TV. As a prototype, Naughton wrote a small browser, WebRunner (named after the movie

1802:

meant that programmers had to manually manage system memory, a challenging and error-prone task. The team also worried about the C++ language's lack of portable facilities for security,

2176:. It was originally numbered 1.5, which is still used as the internal version number. Developed under JSR 176, Tiger added several significant new language features including the 5887: 5635: 7383: 5463: 2328:

the proprietary-licensed version. Java 11 features include two new garbage collector implementations, Flight Recorder to debug deep issues, a new HTTP client including

2699:. However OpenJDK has since become buildable without the encumbered parts (from OpenJDK 6 b10) and has become the default runtime environment for most Linux distributions. 5530: 4014: 8889: 5224: 1965:, unexpectedly announced that Netscape browsers would include Java support. On January 9, 1996, Sun Microsystems formed the JavaSoft group to develop the technology. 2846:

compilation. Modern performant JVM implementations all use the compilation approach, so after the initial startup time the performance is equivalent to native code.

5609: 2462:

since Sun Microsystems sued Microsoft for adding Windows-specific classes to the bundled Java runtime environment, and for making the new classes available through

5684: 4215:'It's priced below our cost,' Schmidt says. 'This loses money in the licensing business for the foreseeable future. It's a strategic investment in market share.' 5587: 5441: 3918: 2563:

at the same time. A new Duke personality is created every year. For example, in July 2011 "Future Tech Duke" included a bigger nose, a jetpack, and blue wings.

1236:

To speed-up code execution, HotSpot relies on just-in-time compilation. To speed-up object allocation and garbage collection, HotSpot uses generational heap.

863:, or JVM. The JIT compiler translates the Java bytecode into native processor instructions at run-time and caches the native code in memory during execution. 6490: 878:

or platform independent, the code of the Java Virtual Machines (JVM) that execute these programs is not. Every supported operating platform has its own JVM.

3731: 3691: 1042:

absent components, either by emulation to provide a substitute, or at least by providing a consistent way to check for the presence of a specific feature.

3673: 3771: 5561: 1029:

library paints the user interface and handles the events itself, eliminating many subtle differences between how different platforms handle components.

5980: 4227: 2940:

Java has yet to release an automatic updater that does not require user intervention and administrative rights unlike Google Chrome and Flash player.

1852:

that had a graphical interface and a smart agent called "Duke" to assist the user. In November of that year, the Green Project was spun off to become

8855: 7376: 3025: 2903:

On January 14, 2013, security experts said that the update still failed to protect PCs from attack. This exploit hole prompted a response from the

1314:

Before the discontinuation of the Java browser plug-in, any web page might have potentially run a Java applet, which provided an easily accessible

945:

The Java Runtime Environment (JRE) released by Oracle is a freely available software distribution containing a stand-alone JVM (HotSpot), the Java

2291:. Java 8 is supported on Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1, Windows Vista SP2 and Windows 7 SP1, Ubuntu 12.04 LTS and higher (and some other OSes). 5299: 3647: 1884:

for a set-top box also failed to materialize. Unable to generate interest within the television industry, the company was rolled back into Sun.

8056: 1791:. They aimed to develop new technology for programming next-generation smart appliances, which Sun expected to offer major new opportunities. 1160:

interoperability (Google's preferred language for Android, its JVM, over Java, which is also still supported there and it previously promoted)

2904: 2900:, so it is suggested that consumers disable it. Security alerts from Oracle announce schedules of critical security-related patches to Java. 1798:

with limited resources, they decided that C++ needed too much memory and that its complexity led to developer errors. The language's lack of

807:, formerly Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE) and Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE), is a set of specifications, extending 8862: 7369: 1282:). This memory is subdivided into (two) Survivors spaces where the objects that survived the first and next garbage collections are stored. 5788: 218: 199: 181: 163: 140: 7182: 4968: 2117: 1721:

First version of Java programming language, introduced object-oriented programming and bytecode in Java, which made Java cross-platform

8442: 6472: 4793:

Java runs on more than 850 million personal computers worldwide, and on billions of devices worldwide, including mobile and TV devices.

3757: 3717: 3605: 3296: 2138:. This became the first release of the Java platform developed under the Java Community Process as JSR 59. Major changes included 953:), a configuration tool, and—until its discontinuation in JDK 9—a browser plug-in. It is the most common Java environment installed on 8679: 8051: 5639: 3266: 2248:. This version developed under JSR 336. It added many small language changes including strings in switch, try-with-resources and 1126:– a fully Java-interoperable, Java-syntax-compatible, static and dynamic language with features from Python, Ruby, Perl, and Smalltalk 8822: 3463: 2995: 1186: 1025:

reusable functions commonly found in modern operating systems. Most of the system library is also written in Java. For instance, the

653:, converts intermediate bytecode into native machine code on the fly. The Java platform also includes an extensive set of libraries. 8091: 8086: 8081: 8071: 8066: 8061: 7649: 5168: 4542: 1072:

that target the JVM. Some of these are for existing languages, while others are for extensions to the Java language. These include:

8076: 17: 5471: 4907: 2512:

and as part of the core system. Java provides cross platform user interface for some high end collaborative applications such as

1848: 5534: 4506: 4077: 4018: 5973: 2474:, but the system prompts the user to download and install it the first time an application requiring the JRE is launched. Many 1020:(OSs), a large body of reusable code is provided to simplify the programmer's job. This code is typically provided as a set of 637:

The Java platform consists of several programs, each of which provides a portion of its overall capabilities. For example, the

5228: 4776: 8896: 5767: 5507: 2826: 1799: 1294:) was used for class definitions and associated metadata prior to Java 8. Permanent generation was not part of the heap. The 563: 5252:""Unless it is absolutely necessary to run Java in web browsers, disable it", DHS-sponsored CERT team says – Naked Security" 4245: 3365: 1842:, the Oak language, the libraries, and the hardware. Their first demonstration, on September 3, 1992, focused on building a 6429: 5903: 4934: 4167: 2235: 2125: 2121: 1962: 3199: 641:, which converts Java source code into Java bytecode (an intermediate language for the JVM), is provided as part of the 9121: 7392: 7227: 5814: 5273: 5251: 3071: 2493: 2079: 1055: 1021: 776: 2907:

encouraging users to disable or uninstall Java. Apple blacklisted Java in limited order for all computers running its

626:

and alternative libraries that depend on the requirements. Java platforms have been implemented for a wide variety of

5966: 5449: 4559: 3922: 3561: 2063: 1753: 5183: 2447:. 32-bit Windows support is deprecated since Java 22 (and 32-bit JVM no longer builds without non-default options). 9147: 2301:

have higher system requirements, i.e. Windows 7 or Server 2012 (and web browser minimum certified is upped to

324: 5947: 5325: 759:

programming language and is part of the Java software-platform family. Java SE defines a range of general-purpose

7136: 6014: 3992: 3735: 3695: 3486: 2059: 734: 727: 31: 5419: 2438:

desktop (supported by Java 8, but not officially by later versions, such as Java 11) desktop computer

7947: 6465: 6307: 6031: 4124: 4057: 3811: 3677: 3388: 2083: 1794:

The team originally considered using C++, but rejected it for several reasons. Because they were developing an

1218:

that was incompatible with the Java specification. It was discontinued 2007, and support for it ended in 2015.

1190: 832: 535: 531: 4264: 3775: 2202:. It was bundled with a database manager and facilitates the use of scripting languages with the JVM (such as 8908: 8383: 8243: 7217: 6377: 6287: 6272: 4824: 1149: 1143: 1123: 1086: 551: 503: 491: 487: 5749: 4444: 2695:

created a completely free and highly usable JDK by replacing encumbered code with either stubs or code from

9142: 7157: 7018: 6302: 6008: 5730: 4231: 3029: 2865:, such as accessing the local filesystem, running arbitrary commands, or accessing communication networks. 2711: 2324: 2067: 1173: 1100: 974: 555: 507: 4141: 3243: 1872:, Firstperson changed their target and responded with a proposal for a set-top box platform. However, the 9034: 8950: 7613: 7336: 6944: 6441: 6257: 6137: 5370:"Java and unsigned int, unsigned short, unsigned byte, unsigned long, etc. (Or rather, the lack thereof)" 4701: 4524: 3173: 2957: 2877: 2707: 2261: 2159: 2013: 1825: 1817: 1157: 1133: 1117: 1111: 999: 900: 772: 756: 611: 495: 463: 452: 233: 122: 42: 5850: 5661: 5105: 4863: 2751:

were added to Java 5.0, there was already a large framework of classes (many of which were already

1783:

and Mike Sheridan joining Naughton. Together with other engineers, they began work in a small office on

610:

The Java platform is a suite of programs that facilitate developing and running programs written in the

7054: 6353: 2772: 2679: 2651: 2556: 2279: 2075: 2041: 2004: 1982: 1981:

On November 13, 2006, Sun Microsystems made the bulk of its implementation of Java available under the

1843: 1831: 986: 539: 479: 342: 269: 5931: 1876:

industry felt that their platform gave too much control to the user, so Firstperson lost their bid to

575: 9009: 8693: 8233: 7352: 6458: 6297: 6239: 5922: 3651: 3526: 3005: 2829:

typically reported Java as being about 50% slower than C (a language which compiles to native code).

2822: 2789: 2211: 2113: 1807: 1268: 1249: 1163: 940: 927: 543: 3945: 3413: 1838:

By the summer of 1992, the team could demonstrate portions of the new platform, including the Green

9101: 8220: 7400: 7341: 7100: 7095: 6885: 3505:"Differences between Java EE and Java SE - Your First Cup: An Introduction to the Java EE Platform" 2776: 2577: 2288: 2099: 1745: 1196: 1176:– a multi-paradigm programming language with non-Java compatible syntax designed as a "better Java" 989:, which includes an open source virtual machine incompatible with the JVM specification. (Instead, 868: 820: 784: 650: 646: 631: 515: 241: 2580:

to be considered open source or free software, and Sun Java was therefore a proprietary platform.

2482:

runtime as the default virtual machine, negating the need to download the proprietary Oracle JRE.

30:

This article is about a software platform. For the software package downloaded from java.com, see

9029: 7842: 7523: 6993: 6900: 6667: 6324: 4574: 3853: 2029: 2003:) 1.0 on January 23, 1996, as well as numerous additions of classes and packages to the standard 1803: 1204: 1069: 867:

about as fast as native programs. Since JRE version 1.2, Sun's JVM implementation has included a

4333: 3318: 3288: 2756: 2218:

and dropped the ".0" from the version number. Other major changes include support for pluggable

998:

licensing scheme, was 9.0.4. Since Java Platform SE 9, the whole platform also was grouped into

9152: 9024: 9014: 8674: 8275: 7928: 7187: 6905: 6875: 6363: 6229: 6086: 6061: 5082: 4893: 2970: 2914:

In 2014 and responding to then-recent Java security and vulnerability issues, security blogger

2573: 2071: 2008: 1788: 1104: 713: 8874: 5303: 4976: 4751: 4404:"The Java Community Process(SM) Program - JSRs: Java Specification Requests - detail JSR# 336" 4356:"The Java Community Process(SM) Program - JSRs: Java Specification Requests - detail JSR# 176" 1089:– an object-oriented, strongly- and statically-typed programming language with an emphasis on 8981: 8532: 8020: 7814: 7618: 7141: 7059: 6249: 6178: 5342: 4949: 4312:"The Java Community Process(SM) Program - JSRs: Java Specification Requests - detail JSR# 59" 4290:"The Java Community Process(SM) Program - JSRs: Java Specification Requests - detail JSR# 63" 3000: 2552: 2450:

According to Oracle in 2010, the Java Runtime Environment was found on over 850 million PCs.

1857: 1051: 812: 35: 3602: 8882: 8702: 8514: 8397: 8341: 8252: 8178: 8140: 7961: 7905: 7696: 7413: 7110: 6714: 6655: 6224: 6117: 6076: 6066: 6003: 5918: 3274: 3063: 2640: 2636: 2618: 2595:

partial Java implementations, the large size of the Sun libraries combined with the use of

2455: 2302: 2275: 2257:. Java 7 Update 76 was released in January 2015, with expiration date April 14, 2015. 2000: 1994: 1921: 1865: 1355:

A Long Term Support (LTS) release, has several enhancements, provides pattern matching for

1328: 958: 896: 888: 845: 642: 471: 420: 346: 5584:"Why and How to Disable Java on Your Computer Now - Technology & science - Innovation" 3504: 973:

that ship with a JVM are most likely to include a JVM meant to run applications targeting

498:. In addition, several languages have been designed to run natively on the JVM, including 8: 9086: 8113: 6988: 6956: 6919: 4466: 3889:"Frequently Asked Questions about Garbage Collection in the Hotspot Java Virtual Machine" 3825: 3343: 2929: 2839:

relative to native compilers has in some optimized tests been shown to be quite similar.

2748: 2181: 2139: 1107: 627: 619: 319:

English, Chinese, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish

5485: 5369: 3557: 1860:. The Firstperson team had an interest in building highly interactive devices, and when 1120:– a general-purpose JVM-based programming language released under the Apache License 2.0 700:(Standard Edition): For general-purpose use on desktop PCs, servers and similar devices. 451:, which are less common than standalone Java applications, were commonly run in secure, 9096: 8905: 8721: 8715: 8590: 8411: 8359: 8321: 7992: 7969: 7923: 7918: 7856: 7719: 7561: 7533: 7528: 7441: 7105: 6368: 6358: 6168: 6158: 5832: 4842: 4604: 4578: 4268: 3970: 3530: 3442: 3417: 3126: 3099: 3053: 2990: 2872:

On August 31, 2012, Java 6 and 7 (both supported back then) on Microsoft Windows,

2675: 2490: 2475: 2147: 1011: 950: 904: 856: 828: 768: 750: 738: 666: 623: 455:

environments to provide many features of native applications through being embedded in

428: 276: 93: 7361: 5707: 4911: 4116: 4109: 4049: 4042: 2650:

Sun released the Java HotSpot virtual machine and compiler as free software under the

753:

environments. Java SE was formerly known as Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition (J2SE).

8710: 8460: 8316: 8296: 7913: 7495: 7305: 7285: 7240: 4991:"Oracle OpenWorld: UnBreakable Linux / 5015.2 not on the horizon | Formtek Blog" 4120: 4085: 4053: 3751: 3711: 3067: 2965: 2727: 2660: 2596: 2320: 2189: 994: 954: 764: 710: 579: 559: 440: 416: 412: 329: 307: 257: 245: 147: 5056: 3888: 2410:, have evolved, and many of the original JDK 1.0 classes and methods have been 8794: 8491: 8121: 7491: 7320: 7290: 7270: 7064: 6829: 6704: 6576: 6571: 6481: 6408: 6373: 6234: 6193: 4867: 4202: 4145: 4081: 3892: 2975: 2832: 2816: 2742: 2656: 2624: 2459: 2310: 2116:

JVM (the HotSpot JVM was first released in April, 1999 for the J2SE 1.2 JVM),

1877: 1839: 1749: 1741: 1227: 1090: 1017: 946: 746: 583: 336: 303: 252: 81: 5395: 5202: 5012: 4780: 4249: 1810:. Finally, they wanted a platform that would port easily to all types of devices. 8749: 8600: 8452: 8270: 8002: 7785: 7664: 7548: 7275: 7013: 6586: 6581: 6566: 6561: 6398: 6107: 3797: 3609: 2513: 2417:

At least one very rarely-used API (for threading) has been removed from Java 22.

2219: 2021:(JLS) specifies the language; changes to the JLS are managed under JSR 901. 1958: 1881: 1795: 978: 615: 599: 547: 432: 310: – while no longer supported freely by Oracle for commercial use) 5034: 4484: 2887:

On January 10, 2013, three computer specialists spoke out against Java, telling

2825:

was implemented in Java 1.3 in 2000) there were some criticisms of performance.

8929: 8481: 8354: 8036: 7740: 7607: 7500: 7197: 6939: 6890: 6786: 6697: 6692: 6650: 6556: 6551: 6546: 6541: 6203: 6173: 6153: 6127: 3221: 2684: 2588: 2509: 2249: 2230:

improvements, including native UI enhancements to support the look and feel of

2163: 1946: 1913: 1900:

In June and July 1994 – after three days of brainstorming with

1784: 1315: 1200: 917: 875: 467: 424: 7862: 4726: 4377: 2017:(JSRs) to propose and specify additions and changes to the Java platform. The 9136: 8779: 8628: 8608: 8486: 8424: 8388: 8331: 8010: 7974: 7933: 7804: 7752: 7734: 7590: 7579: 7518: 7456: 7245: 6809: 6804: 6799: 6770: 6687: 6393: 6198: 6163: 6122: 5941: 4111:

High Noon: the inside story of Scott McNealy and the rise of Sun Microsystems

4044:

High Noon: the inside story of Scott McNealy and the rise of Sun Microsystems

3839: 3055:

Mobile Information Device Profile for Java 2 Micro Edition: Developer's Guide

2855: 2842: 2696: 2664: 2632: 2592: 2584: 2471: 2435: 2231: 2177: 2028:

on February 19, 1997. Major additions included an extensive retooling of the

1780: 1761: 966: 851: 824: 638: 614:

programming language. A Java platform includes an execution engine (called a

546:(while some implementations e.g. all currently supported by Oracle, may use 444: 77: 8757: 6403: 6046: 5610:"US Department of Homeland Security Calls On Computer Users To Disable Java" 5277: 5035:"Free but Shackled – The Java Trap – GNU Project – Free Software Foundation" 4676: 4651: 4626: 4600: 2528: 9070: 8789: 8669: 8476: 8046: 8015: 7872: 7659: 7556: 7486: 7426: 7250: 6870: 6682: 6677: 6593: 6536: 5958: 5772: 4197: 3438: 3148: 2836: 2560: 2485:

Some Java applications are in fairly widespread desktop use, including the

2463: 2403: 2238:(JPDA) & JVM Tool Interface for better monitoring and troubleshooting. 2095: 2091: 1926: 1909: 1905: 1856:, a wholly owned subsidiary of Sun Microsystems, and the team relocated to 1211: 1026: 962: 595: 591: 436: 5906:

was created from a revision of this article dated 19 August 2013

5789:"A close look at how Oracle installs deceptive software with Java updates" 4426: 4403: 4355: 4289: 1999:

The Java language has undergone several changes since the release of JDK (

706:(Enterprise Edition): Java SE plus various APIs which are useful for 9065: 8966: 8836: 8654: 8649: 8575: 8405: 8301: 8206: 8186: 8158: 8105: 8041: 7831: 7668: 7654: 7567: 7421: 7202: 7126: 6983: 6880: 6724: 6709: 6102: 5187: 5013:"Oracle and Sun Microsystems | Strategic Acquisitions | Oracle" 4311: 2915: 2752: 2714:

tests and can claim to be a fully compatible Java 6 implementation.

2671: 2411: 2033: 1917: 1869: 1861: 982: 816: 691: 527: 511: 448: 4838: 1969:

browsers, even after JVM support has been dropped from them, using e.g.

8934: 8841: 8831: 8739: 8659: 8416: 8306: 8163: 7896: 7775: 7481: 7315: 7074: 7038: 7003: 6961: 6765: 6760: 6755: 6729: 6623: 6618: 6292: 6020: 5343:"Java libraries should provide support for unsigned integer arithmetic" 2283: 2203: 2185: 1167: 970: 804: 798: 703: 681: 483: 88: 72: 46: 5685:"Emergency patch for Java fails to fix cybercrime holes, warn experts" 2876:, and Linux were found to have a serious security flaw that allowed a 2414:(thereof some "terminally deprecated"), e.g. related to finalization. 850:

The heart of the Java platform is the "virtual machine" that executes

9004: 8618: 8585: 8552: 8522: 8364: 8280: 8201: 7852: 7809: 7801: 7796: 7729: 7644: 7623: 7585: 7572: 7436: 7207: 7090: 7033: 6860: 6662: 6603: 6598: 6262: 6026: 5952: 5486:"C++ vs Java performance; It's a tie! | Blog of Christian Felde" 5140: 4990: 4172: 4015:"Is there any protection against Java exploits? | Kaspersky Lab" 2451: 2329: 1942: 1901: 1752:

had become increasingly frustrated with the state of Sun's C++ and C

1732: 1555:, included expanded exception handling, new file I/O library (NIO.2) 1076: 673: 523: 401: 6436: 3464:

Moving to OpenJDK as the official Java SE 7 Reference Implementation

2951: 2835:

has improved substantially since the early versions. Performance of

2614: 2054:. This and subsequent releases through J2SE 5.0 were rebranded 2011:(JCP) has governed the evolution of the Java Language. The JCP uses 993:'s Android development tools take Java programs as input and output 9049: 9039: 8731: 8613: 8567: 8547: 8537: 8434: 8369: 8311: 8191: 8168: 8153: 7984: 7881: 7866: 7846: 7837: 7762: 7747: 7510: 7476: 7471: 7466: 7431: 7295: 7280: 7235: 7192: 7131: 6895: 6865: 6824: 6819: 6814: 6672: 6643: 6638: 6633: 6628: 6450: 4427:"JSRs: Java Specification Requests: JSR 166: Concurrency Utilities" 3966: 3490: 3474: 2802: 2793: 2497: 2486: 2037: 1954: 1873: 1813: 1065: 985:

that run Java apps are most likely to do so through support of the

475: 397: 2775:

types. Unsigned data are often generated from programs written in

2643:

said that the company was set to announce the release of the core

2430: 9044: 8784: 8623: 8349: 8228: 8196: 7595: 7461: 7212: 7028: 7008: 6973: 6750: 6719: 6613: 6608: 6526: 6332: 6267: 6208: 6188: 6183: 6132: 6071: 6036: 5708:"Oracle issues fix for Java exploit after DHS warns of its holes" 4805: 4230:(Press release). Sun Microsystems. 9 January 1996. Archived from 3626: 3578: 3174:"Oracle JDK 8 and JRE 8 Certified System Configurations Contents" 2985: 2888: 2862: 2703: 2692: 2663:

called the initial press announcement, "A real milestone for the

2628: 2609: 2548: 2544: 2479: 2407: 2223: 2207: 1931: 1215: 1096: 908: 808: 780: 742: 697: 687: 499: 3622: 1494:(var), allows declaring local variables without specifying type 61: 8999: 8971: 8904: 8812: 8804: 8664: 8580: 8542: 8326: 8260: 8148: 7770: 7714: 7704: 7673: 7639: 7310: 6337: 6282: 6112: 6081: 5154: 3319:"Why should I uninstall older versions of Java from my system?" 3289:"Why should I uninstall older versions of Java from my system?" 2980: 2639:, and on October 25, 2006, at the Oracle OpenWorld conference, 2537: 2505: 2306: 2214:

engine). As of this version, Sun replaced the name "J2SE" with

1740:

The Java platform and language began as an internal project at

1139: 1080: 990: 707: 677: 9091: 8976: 8505: 8285: 7877: 7724: 7709: 7600: 7538: 7451: 7446: 7404: 7162: 7023: 6966: 6949: 6934: 6850: 6745: 6531: 6521: 6516: 6511: 6277: 5944:

about the origins of Java, from the JVM Languages Summit 2008

4871: 3487:"Java Platform, Standard Edition 8 Reference Implementations" 3121: 3094: 2908: 2873: 2087: 1970: 1912: – the team re-targeted the platform for the 1129: 921: 630:

and operating systems with a view to enable Java programs to

519: 297: 293: 289: 285: 265: 261: 237: 5815:"windows 7 - How do I update Java from a non-admin account?" 3871: 3366:"Homeland Security warns to disable Java amid zero-day flaw" 2508:

mathematics programming environment, both for rendering the

2260:

In June 2016, after the last public update of Java 7, "

1892: 926:

Oracle's primary implementation of the JVMS is known as the

466:

is the primary way to produce code that will be deployed as

8771: 8633: 8557: 8265: 7951: 7300: 6978: 6855: 6834: 4507:"java - installing JDK8 on Windows XP - advapi32.dll error" 3475:

Java Platform, Standard Edition 7 Reference Implementations

2501: 2467: 2444: 2254: 2155: 2143: 2062:) replaced JDK to distinguish the base platform from J2EE ( 1904:(the Director of Science for Sun), Gosling, Joy, Naughton, 1765: 1760:

project was handled by the organization. Naughton informed

1757: 665:

Different platforms target different classes of device and

456: 2800:), certain features are not supported even when using the 1824:, he proposed to Sun that its engineers should produce an 977:

of the Java platform. Meanwhile, most modern smartphones,

676:: A technology that allows small Java-based applications ( 361: 8527: 8131: 7069: 5531:"Java security flaw: yada yada yada | Computerworld" 2683:

but these were released as open-source later by Sun (see

2264:" security bugs in Java 6, 7, and 8 were announced. 2227: 2151: 1404:

as preview features, enhancing string and class handling

1153: 760: 587: 427:

computing environment. Java is used in a wide variety of

281: 4525:"Oracle JDK 8 and JRE 8 Certified System Configurations" 1631:, new set of I/O APIs named NIO (New Input/Output), new 7391: 3168: 3166: 2647:

as free and open source software within 30 to 60 days.

5833:"Update Google Chrome - Computer - Google Chrome Help" 2880:

to take place by simply loading a malicious web page.

1744:

in December 1990, providing an alternative to the C++/

1199:

concept has led to other similar efforts, notably the

1079:– a lightweight scripting language for Java (see also 5396:"How Java's Floating-Point Hurts Everyone Everywhere" 4248:. Sun Microsystems. November 13, 2006. Archived from 2911:

operating system through a virus protection program.

2309:

compatibility for all platforms, i.e. only Oracle's "

2274:. Notable changes include language-level support for 1835:, after the tree that stood just outside his office. 4445:"Java™ SE Development Kit 7 Update 76 Release Notes" 3993:"What Is Java, Is It Insecure, and Should I Use It?" 3359: 3357: 3163: 2947: 859:. There is a JIT (Just In Time) compiler within the 835:

and management of the components they are deploying.

831:, which handle transactions, security, scalability, 811:

with specifications for enterprise features such as

2755:), so generics were chosen to be implemented using 1271:

that are created and immediately garbage collected.

1156:(and non-JVM, for e.g. desktop and iOS) with full 4265:"OpenJDK7 and OpenJDK6 Binary Plugs Logic Removed" 4228:"Sun Microsystems announces formation of JavaSoft" 4108: 4041: 4017:. Kaspersky.com. September 9, 2013. Archived from 3087: 3052: 2559:), they released the Duke graphics under the free 478:are also available for other languages, including 383: 374: 3354: 3338: 3336: 3114: 522:, but object-oriented features are modeled after 9134: 2098:was released, and Sun's JVM was equipped with a 4950:"The Curious Incident of Sun in the Night-Time" 4777:"What is Java technology and why do I need it?" 4543:"Oracle JDK 10 Certified System Configurations" 4071: 4069: 3551: 3549: 3547: 2466:. Apple no longer includes a Java runtime with 2112:. Notable changes included the bundling of the 1210:.NET included a Java-like language first named 554:instead) and all variables of object types are 5203:"Bundling a jre · libgdx/libgdx Wiki · GitHub" 3840:"A Guide to Java 9 Modularity | Baeldung" 3812:"Java 9 Structural Changes in the JDK and JRE" 3333: 2861:features and APIs which could be exploited by 2090:interoperability), and the integration of the 1957:conference. Accompanying Gage's announcement, 1916:. They felt that with the advent of graphical 1756:(APIs) and tools, as well as with the way the 8890: 7377: 6466: 5974: 5394:Kahan, W.; Darcy, Joseph D. (March 1, 1998). 3267:"Java Was Strongly Influenced by Objective-C" 2905:United States Department of Homeland Security 2798:Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic 2659:, this would mean an end to the "Java trap". 2313:Java virtual machines (JVMs) are certified". 1976: 1274:Objects that persist longer are moved to the 5988: 5750:"Java Is No Longer Needed. Pull The Plug-In" 5662:"Critical Patch Updates and Security Alerts" 5586:. NBC News. January 12, 2013. Archived from 4066: 3544: 3050: 2783: 2270:(March 18, 2014) – Codename 1775:The Stealth Project was soon renamed to the 1764:about his plan of leaving Sun and moving to 7183:Common Development and Distribution License 5326:"Java and Scala's Type Systems are Unsound" 4935:"Oracle JDK Releases for Java 11 and Later" 2572:not satisfy the requirements of either the 2319:LTS was released September 2018, the first 2305:or other web browsers), and Oracle dropped 934: 27:Set of computer software and specifications 8897: 8883: 7904: 7384: 7370: 6918: 6473: 6459: 5981: 5967: 5780: 5442:"Which programming languages are fastest?" 5393: 4262: 3967:"JEP 122: Remove the Permanent Generation" 3912: 3910: 3881: 3344:"Oracle Critical Patch Update - July 2016" 3044: 1248:is the area of memory used by the JVM for 345:version 2 with classpath exception, and a 5747: 5533:. Blogs.computerworld.com. Archived from 5434: 4168:"So why did they decide to call it Java?" 4106: 4039: 3916: 3612:, Willie Walker, Paul Lamere, Philip Kwok 3560:. Graphics and Immersive Technology Lab, 3363: 3051:Ortiz, C. Enrique; Giguère, Éric (2001). 2996:Comparison of the Java and .NET platforms 2766: 2706:6 (as the packaged version of OpenJDK on 2583:While several third-party projects (e.g. 1574:, provided JDBC 4.0 with SQL XML support 1187:Comparison of the Java and .NET platforms 5914:, and does not reflect subsequent edits. 5897: 5528: 5225:"Question about bundling custom OpenJDK" 5181: 5103: 4947: 3555: 2613: 2527: 2429: 1891: 1816:had envisioned a new language combining 1731: 1093:(and is no longer maintained since 2023) 562:is handled through integrated automatic 396: 8067:Visual Studio Express for Windows Phone 5748:Gonsalves, Antone (September 5, 2012). 5731:"Good Riddance to Oracle's Java Plugin" 5276:. Object Computing, Inc. Archived from 4139: 3907: 2094:graphical API into the core classes. A 881: 839: 578:released in March 2024, and the latest 490:(Google's preferred Android language), 14: 9135: 5682: 5508:"Java Security Architecture: Contents" 5300:"What's Wrong With Java: Type Erasure" 5249: 5200: 4165: 3944:Nutter, Charles (September 11, 2008). 3943: 3756:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 3716:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 3299:from the original on February 12, 2018 3222:"OpenJDK: GPLv2 + Classpath Exception" 2884:was later found to be flawed as well. 2821:In the early days of Java (before the 1509:(JPMS) for modularizing applications, 1385:for enhanced data modelling abilities 660: 8878: 7365: 6454: 5962: 5728: 5705: 5529:Horowitz, Michael (August 31, 2012). 5367: 4932: 4822: 4075: 3919:"Presenting the Permanent Generation" 3674:"Java CPU and PSU Releases Explained" 3598: 3596: 3573: 3571: 3386: 1887: 819:. Jakarta EE applications are run on 726:These paragraphs are an excerpt from 8909:free and open-source software (FOSS) 6480: 4966: 4933:Smith, Donald (September 11, 2018). 4908:"Future Tech Duke (The Java Source)" 4467:"Java 7 and Java 8 Releases by Date" 4195: 4140:Walrath, Kathy (December 21, 2001). 3917:Masamitsu, Jon (November 28, 2006). 3579:"The Java Faster than C++ Benchmark" 3364:Whittaker, Zack (January 11, 2013). 3264: 2702:In June 2008, it was announced that 1674:Java String memory map for constants 1479:, removed Java EE and CORBA modules 1255:In HotSpot the heap is divided into 1239: 1180: 649:(JRE), complementing the JVM with a 7393:Integrated development environments 5940: – Presentation by 5368:Owens, Sean R. (November 5, 2009). 5347:Bug Database, Sun Developer Network 5250:Cluley, Graham (January 15, 2013). 4823:Topic, Dalibor (January 27, 2016). 4424: 3018: 2496:, and file sharing clients such as 2494:integrated development environments 2236:Java Platform Debugger Architecture 2126:Java Platform Debugger Architecture 2122:Java Naming and Directory Interface 2064:Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition 1963:Netscape Communications Corporation 1655:Java Platform Debugger Architecture 1651:Java Naming and Directory Interface 415:and specifications that provides a 24: 9122:Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc. 5884: 5729:Krebs, Brian (February 16, 2016). 5706:Kelly, Meghan (January 14, 2013). 5636:"The first stop for security news" 5558:"The first stop for security news" 5510:. Docs.oracle.com. October 2, 1998 5302:. December 6, 2006. Archived from 5057:"Sun 'releases' Java to the World" 4975:. Sun Microsystems. Archived from 4948:Stallman, Richard (May 24, 2006). 4078:"Java Technology: The Early Years" 3995:. Lifehacker.com. January 14, 2013 3603:FreeTTS – A Performance Case Study 3593: 3568: 1988: 1754:application programming interfaces 1005: 797:This paragraph is an excerpt from 777:Java Virtual Machine Specification 741:for development and deployment of 186:11.0.17 LTS (October 18, 2022 168:17.0.6 LTS (February 18, 2023 25: 9164: 5865: 5633: 5555: 5468:Computer Language Benchmarks Game 5446:Computer Language Benchmarks Game 5227:. Java-Gaming.org. Archived from 4166:Murphy, Kieron (4 October 1996). 3562:University of Southern California 3224:. Openjdk.java.net. April 1, 1989 2392:LTS was released September 2023. 2368:LTS was released September 2021. 2060:Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition 1064:Third parties have produced many 684:and similar small-memory devices. 569: 6435: 6424: 6423: 6045: 5896: 5843: 5825: 5807: 5786: 5760: 5741: 5722: 5699: 5683:Finkle, Jim (January 14, 2013). 5676: 5654: 5627: 5602: 5576: 5549: 5522: 5500: 5488:. Blog.cfelde.com. June 27, 2010 5478: 5456: 5412: 5387: 5361: 5335: 5318: 5182:Sharples, Rich (June 19, 2008). 4727:"Remove Thread.countStackFrames" 4575:"Oracle Java SE Support Roadmap" 4425:Lea, Doug (September 13, 2004). 4196:Bank, David (December 1, 1995). 3946:"A First Taste of InvokeDynamic" 3558:"Performance of Java versus C++" 3507:. Docs.oracle.com. April 1, 2012 2950: 2935: 2896:and it is unclear if it affects 2810: 2603: 2172:(September 30, 2004) – Codename 1937:Sun renamed the Oak language to 1748:programming languages. Engineer 1322: 887:This section is an excerpt from 550:optimization to allocate on the 205:8u401 LTS (January 16, 2024 60: 6442:Computer programming portal 5292: 5266: 5243: 5217: 5194: 5184:"Java is finally Free and Open" 5175: 5161: 5147: 5133: 5119: 5104:Wielaard, Mark (May 30, 2007). 5097: 5085:. Sun Microsystems. May 8, 2007 5075: 5049: 5027: 5005: 4993:. Formtek.com. October 26, 2006 4983: 4960: 4941: 4926: 4900: 4886: 4856: 4831: 4816: 4798: 4769: 4744: 4719: 4694: 4669: 4644: 4619: 4593: 4567: 4535: 4517: 4499: 4477: 4459: 4437: 4418: 4396: 4370: 4348: 4326: 4304: 4282: 4263:O'Hair, Kelly (December 2010). 4256: 4238: 4220: 4189: 4159: 4133: 4100: 4033: 4007: 3985: 3959: 3937: 3864: 3846: 3832: 3818: 3804: 3790: 3764: 3724: 3684: 3666: 3640: 3615: 3556:Lewis, J. P.; Neumann, Ulrich. 3519: 3497: 3479: 3468: 3457: 3431: 3406: 3380: 3311: 3281: 3258: 3028:(Press release). Archived from 2198:(December 11, 2006) – Codename 1475:An LTS release, introduced new 1152:– a programming language for a 735:Java Platform, Standard Edition 728:Java Platform, Standard Edition 622:; there may also be additional 32:Java Platform, Standard Edition 6147:Major third-party technologies 5420:"Types, Values, and Variables" 4702:"Deprecated List (Java SE 22)" 3772:"Understanding Java 9 Modules" 3236: 3214: 3192: 3141: 2425: 2134:(February 6, 2002) – Codename 2084:interface description language 2068:Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition 2050:(December 8, 1998) – Codename 1961:, Executive Vice President of 1585:Significant release, included 1221: 1022:dynamically loadable libraries 13: 1: 7865:(aka Espresso, superseded by 7218:Open Source University Meetup 7127:Sun Microsystems Laboratories 6378:Sun Microsystems Laboratories 5932:"How The JVM Spec Came To Be" 5768:"Java: should you remove it?" 4910:. Tori Wieldt. Archived from 4825:"Moving to a plugin-free web" 4048:. New York : Wiley. pp. 3581:. Kano.net. November 14, 2003 3200:"Java SE 7 Supported Locales" 3011: 2849: 2644: 2380:was released September 2022. 2356:was released September 2020. 2344:was released September 2019. 2058:and the version name "J2SE" ( 1492:Local-Variable Type Inference 1442:, reimplementation of legacy 791: 8057:Visual Web Developer Express 5638:. Threatpost. Archived from 5560:. Threatpost. Archived from 5106:"OpenJDK6 b10 source posted" 4806:"Java - Fedora Project Wiki" 4115:. New York : Wiley. p. 3439:"Java SE 6 Release Contents" 2721: 2712:Technology Compatibility Kit 2631:2006 that Java would become 2566: 2434:A Java program running on a 2070:). Major additions included 1195:The success of Java and its 1045: 7: 7614:Rational Software Architect 7337:The Network is the Computer 5955:, May 14, 2014, Java77 Blog 5464:"speed ÷ C++ GNU g++ speed" 5201:libgdx (December 9, 2013). 4558:Only X.org Mode supported. 3246:. Oracle.com. April 2, 2013 2958:Computer programming portal 2943: 2736: 2504:. Java is also used in the 2244:(July 28, 2011) – Codename 2019:Java Language Specification 2014:Java Specification Requests 1678:Just In Time (JIT) compiler 1645:Included new Sun JVM named 1507:Java Platform Module System 1305: 899:(JDK) is a distribution of 874:Although Java programs are 871:instead of an interpreter. 773:Java Language Specification 651:just-in-time (JIT) compiler 618:), a compiler and a set of 605: 127:22.0.1 (April 19, 2024 43:Java (programming language) 10: 9169: 6537:SPARCstation/server/center 6354:Apache Software Foundation 5254:. Nakedsecurity.sophos.com 2853: 2814: 2740: 2725: 2652:GNU General Public License 2607: 2557:GNU General Public License 2551:would be released under a 2234:, and improvements to the 2042:Java Database Connectivity 2007:. Since J2SE 1.4 the 1992: 1983:GNU General Public License 1977:GNU General Public License 1880:. An additional deal with 1844:personal digital assistant 1727: 1568:Scripting Language Support 1524:Major release, introduced 1326: 1225: 1184: 1049: 1009: 957:in the laptop and desktop 938: 886: 843: 796: 725: 720: 343:GNU General Public License 40: 29: 9114: 9079: 9058: 8990: 8959: 8943: 8922: 8915: 8850: 8821: 8803: 8770: 8748: 8730: 8701: 8692: 8642: 8599: 8566: 8513: 8504: 8469: 8451: 8433: 8396: 8382: 8340: 8251: 8242: 8234:R Tools for Visual Studio 8219: 8177: 8139: 8130: 8104: 8029: 8001: 7983: 7960: 7946: 7895: 7823: 7784: 7761: 7695: 7686: 7632: 7547: 7509: 7412: 7399: 7350: 7329: 7263: 7226: 7178: 7171: 7150: 7119: 7083: 7047: 7019:Sun Secure Global Desktop 6927: 6916: 6843: 6738: 6504: 6497: 6488: 6421: 6386: 6346: 6323: 6316: 6248: 6240:Free Java implementations 6217: 6146: 6095: 6054: 6043: 5996: 5851:"Adobe Security Bulletin" 5037:. Gnu.org. April 12, 2004 4864:"duke: Project Home Page" 4487:. Java.com. April 8, 2014 4107:Southwick, Karen (1999). 4076:Byous, Jon (April 2003). 4040:Southwick, Karen (1999). 3854:"Chapter 1. Introduction" 3026:"JavaSoft ships Java 1.0" 3006:List of computing mascots 2922: 2790:floating-point arithmetic 2784:Floating-point arithmetic 2523: 2398:was released March 2024. 2386:was released March 2023. 2374:was released March 2022. 2362:was released March 2021. 2350:was released March 2020. 2338:was released March 2019. 2108:(May 8, 2000) – Codename 1820:and C. In a paper called 1298:was removed from Java 8. 1250:dynamic memory allocation 1246:Java virtual machine heap 1191:Comparison of C# and Java 1112:Lisp programming language 1056:JVM programming languages 941:HotSpot (virtual machine) 928:HotSpot (virtual machine) 464:Java programming language 353: 335: 323: 315: 275: 251: 229: 225: 121: 117: 99: 87: 71: 59: 9102:Oracle VM Server for x86 9020:Java (software platform) 7342:Write once, run anywhere 6886:System Service Processor 5990:Java (software platform) 5948:Java forums organization 4973:Jonathan Schwartz's Blog 3387:Alexander, Christopher. 2578:Free Software Foundation 2543:When Sun announced that 2456:Java Runtime Environment 2420: 2289:Java Runtime Environment 1572:Web Service Enhancements 1532:for better productivity 1415:Introduced new features 1197:write once, run anywhere 987:Android operating system 935:Java Runtime Environment 785:reference implementation 680:) to be run securely on 647:Java Runtime Environment 404:, a Java-powered program 288:, and for old versions: 268:, and for old versions: 150:(September 19, 2023 66:The Java technology logo 55:Java (software platform) 41:Not to be confused with 18:Java Runtime Environment 9148:Cross-platform software 8591:Visual Studio Community 8553:VisualFBEditor / WinFBE 7993:Visual Studio Community 7843:Sun Java Studio Creator 7534:Visual Studio Community 7524:Oracle Developer Studio 6901:Ultra Port Architecture 4894:"Duke, the Java Mascot" 4839:"Duke, the Java Mascot" 4752:"Java SE 22 ( JSR 397)" 4334:"Version 1.5.0 or 5.0?" 2761:migration compatibility 2036:added to the language, 2030:Abstract Window Toolkit 1804:distributed programming 1438:Included enhancements, 1205:Common Language Runtime 771:—and also includes the 714:enterprise applications 530:. Java eschews certain 188:; 23 months ago 170:; 19 months ago 152:; 12 months ago 9025:Maxine Virtual Machine 9015:Image Packaging System 7188:Java Community Process 7055:StorageTek 5800 System 6906:Visual Instruction Set 6364:Java Community Process 6230:Java Community Process 5892: 5872:Listen to this article 5474:on September 26, 2011. 4431:Java Community Process 2971:Java logging framework 2767:Unsigned integer types 2621: 2574:Open Source Initiative 2533: 2439: 2009:Java Community Process 1897: 1789:Menlo Park, California 1737: 1513:interactive Java REPL 755:The platform uses the 574:The latest version is 566:performed by the JVM. 538:and has a very simple 423:and deploying it in a 405: 302:(Java 8 includes 207:; 8 months ago 129:; 5 months ago 105:; 28 years ago 34:. For other uses, see 8982:Oracle NoSQL Database 8944:Programming languages 8533:Microsoft Small Basic 7142:Project Looking Glass 6096:Platform technologies 5891: 4783:on September 25, 2010 4485:"Windows XP and Java" 3493:on November 21, 2015. 3445:and/or its affiliates 3064:John Wiley & Sons 3001:List of JVM languages 2854:Further information: 2815:Further information: 2741:Further information: 2685:OpenJDK Class library 2617: 2553:free software license 2531: 2433: 1945:search revealed that 1895: 1858:Palo Alto, California 1735: 1670:Collections Framework 1052:List of JVM languages 920:operating system and 869:just-in-time compiler 813:distributed computing 544:allocated on the heap 514:borrows heavily from 400: 103:January 23, 1996 36:Java (disambiguation) 8680:Visual Basic Express 8052:Visual Basic Express 7101:Visualization System 7096:Constellation System 6225:Java version history 6077:Java virtual machine 6067:Java Development Kit 5923:More spoken articles 5590:on February 21, 2014 4967:Schwartz, Jonathan. 4607:. September 25, 2018 4581:. September 25, 2018 4562:mode is unsupported. 3680:on November 3, 2014. 3389:"Java SE 6 Advanced" 2792:is largely based on 2641:Jonathan I. Schwartz 2637:open-source software 2619:Jonathan I. Schwartz 2303:Internet Explorer 11 2262:remotely exploitable 2102:for the first time. 2001:Java Development Kit 1995:Java version history 1866:request for proposal 1710:for database access 1427:as preview features 1329:Java version history 1296:permanent generation 1288:permanent generation 1114:on the Java platform 897:Java Development Kit 889:Java Development Kit 882:Java Development Kit 861:Java Virtual Machine 846:Java virtual machine 840:Java virtual machine 643:Java Development Kit 472:Java virtual machine 421:application software 9143:Computing platforms 9087:Java Desktop System 8114:Adobe Flash Builder 8092:Express for Windows 8082:Express for Desktop 6989:Java Desktop System 6055:Oracle technologies 5776:. February 8, 2013. 5452:on August 14, 2011. 5083:"Open JDK is here!" 5063:. November 13, 2006 3814:. October 30, 2017. 3277:on August 13, 2012. 3265:Naughton, Patrick. 3032:on February 5, 2008 2476:Linux distributions 2140:regular expressions 2086:implementation for 2032:(AWT) event model, 1846:(PDA) device named 1625:Regular Expressions 1595:Autoboxing/Unboxing 1267:stores short-lived 829:application servers 667:application domains 661:Application domains 534:constructs such as 429:computing platforms 56: 9097:Oracle Grid Engine 8716:Visual Studio Code 8360:Visual Studio Code 8322:Visual Studio Code 8072:Visual C++ Express 7970:Visual Studio Code 7919:Visual Studio Code 7737:Community Edition 7650:Visual C++ Express 7529:Visual Studio Code 6876:Modular Datacenter 6491:Acquired by Oracle 6369:Oracle Corporation 6359:Eclipse Foundation 5893: 5837:support.google.com 5422:. Sun Microsystems 5280:on January 2, 2007 5274:"Generics in Java" 4914:on August 20, 2011 4605:Oracle Corporation 4579:Oracle Corporation 4269:Oracle Corporation 3973:. December 4, 2012 3971:Oracle Corporation 3925:on August 25, 2016 3895:. February 6, 2003 3778:on August 14, 2022 3738:on August 10, 2022 3698:on August 14, 2022 3654:on August 14, 2022 3608:2009-03-25 at the 3531:Oracle Corporation 3527:"Java EE Overview" 3443:Oracle Corporation 3418:Oracle Corporation 3414:"Java SE Overview" 3151:. Openjdk.java.net 3127:Oracle Corporation 3100:Oracle Corporation 2991:Java ConcurrentMap 2833:Java's performance 2771:Java lacks native 2622: 2597:clean room methods 2534: 2454:has not bundled a 2440: 2323:release since the 2287:fully functioning 2276:lambda expressions 2148:exception chaining 1898: 1888:Java meets the Web 1800:garbage collection 1738: 1682:Swing API for GUIs 1629:Exception Chaining 1545:try-with-resources 1526:Lambda Expressions 1464:garbage collector 1458:switch expressions 1280:tenured generation 1012:Java Class Library 955:personal computers 951:Java Class Library 905:Oracle Corporation 857:forward compatible 821:reference runtimes 769:Java Class Library 739:computing platform 564:garbage collection 542:where objects are 441:enterprise servers 406: 94:Oracle Corporation 73:Original author(s) 54: 9130: 9129: 9110: 9109: 9059:Operating systems 8993:development tools 8872: 8871: 8766: 8765: 8688: 8687: 8500: 8499: 8378: 8377: 8215: 8214: 8100: 8099: 8077:Visual C# Express 8062:Visual J# Express 7942: 7941: 7891: 7890: 7682: 7681: 7359: 7358: 7306:Procom Technology 7286:Lighthouse Design 7259: 7258: 7241:Andy Bechtolsheim 7060:StorageTek SL8500 6914: 6913: 6791:UltraSPARC III Cu 6668:Blade workstation 6448: 6447: 6417: 6416: 5953:Java Introduction 5889: 5756:. Wearable World. 5190:on June 20, 2008. 4979:on July 15, 2006. 4810:fedoraproject.org 3842:. April 18, 2018. 3648:"BCL for Java SE" 3244:"BCL For Java SE" 2966:List of Java APIs 2728:Criticism of Java 2710:) has passed the 2670:Sun released the 2661:Mark Shuttleworth 2460:operating systems 1725: 1724: 1591:Enhanced for Loop 1530:Date and Time API 1278:(also called the 1240:Generational heap 1181:Similar platforms 1018:operating systems 580:long-term support 560:Memory management 474:(JVM); byte code 417:software platform 413:computer software 395: 394: 330:Software platform 311: 258:Microsoft Windows 246:assembly language 16:(Redirected from 9160: 8920: 8919: 8899: 8892: 8885: 8876: 8875: 8795:Powerflasher FDT 8699: 8698: 8511: 8510: 8443:Delphi Community 8394: 8393: 8249: 8248: 8137: 8136: 8122:Powerflasher FDT 7958: 7957: 7902: 7901: 7693: 7692: 7410: 7409: 7386: 7379: 7372: 7363: 7362: 7291:Montalvo Systems 7271:Afara Websystems 7176: 7175: 6922: 6715:Java Workstation 6705:SPARC Enterprise 6502: 6501: 6482:Sun Microsystems 6475: 6468: 6461: 6452: 6451: 6440: 6439: 6427: 6426: 6409:Patrick Naughton 6374:Sun Microsystems 6321: 6320: 6235:Sun Microsystems 6128:Web Start (JNLP) 6049: 5983: 5976: 5969: 5960: 5959: 5939: 5913: 5911: 5900: 5899: 5890: 5880: 5878: 5873: 5859: 5858: 5847: 5841: 5840: 5829: 5823: 5822: 5811: 5805: 5804: 5802: 5800: 5784: 5778: 5777: 5764: 5758: 5757: 5745: 5739: 5738: 5726: 5720: 5719: 5717: 5715: 5703: 5697: 5696: 5694: 5692: 5687:. Independent.ie 5680: 5674: 5673: 5671: 5669: 5658: 5652: 5651: 5649: 5647: 5642:on April 9, 2013 5631: 5625: 5624: 5622: 5620: 5606: 5600: 5599: 5597: 5595: 5580: 5574: 5573: 5571: 5569: 5564:on March 8, 2013 5553: 5547: 5546: 5544: 5542: 5537:on July 24, 2014 5526: 5520: 5519: 5517: 5515: 5504: 5498: 5497: 5495: 5493: 5482: 5476: 5475: 5470:. Archived from 5460: 5454: 5453: 5448:. Archived from 5438: 5432: 5431: 5429: 5427: 5416: 5410: 5409: 5407: 5405: 5400: 5391: 5385: 5384: 5382: 5380: 5365: 5359: 5358: 5356: 5354: 5339: 5333: 5332: 5330: 5322: 5316: 5315: 5313: 5311: 5306:on July 22, 2012 5296: 5290: 5289: 5287: 5285: 5270: 5264: 5263: 5261: 5259: 5247: 5241: 5240: 5238: 5236: 5231:on March 4, 2016 5221: 5215: 5214: 5212: 5210: 5198: 5192: 5191: 5186:. Archived from 5179: 5173: 5172: 5165: 5159: 5158: 5151: 5145: 5144: 5137: 5131: 5130: 5123: 5117: 5116: 5114: 5112: 5101: 5095: 5094: 5092: 5090: 5079: 5073: 5072: 5070: 5068: 5053: 5047: 5046: 5044: 5042: 5031: 5025: 5024: 5022: 5020: 5009: 5003: 5002: 5000: 4998: 4987: 4981: 4980: 4964: 4958: 4957: 4945: 4939: 4938: 4930: 4924: 4923: 4921: 4919: 4904: 4898: 4897: 4890: 4884: 4883: 4881: 4879: 4874:on June 18, 2007 4870:. Archived from 4868:Sun Microsystems 4860: 4854: 4853: 4851: 4849: 4835: 4829: 4828: 4820: 4814: 4813: 4802: 4796: 4795: 4790: 4788: 4779:. Archived from 4773: 4767: 4766: 4764: 4762: 4748: 4742: 4741: 4739: 4737: 4731:bugs.openjdk.org 4723: 4717: 4716: 4714: 4712: 4698: 4692: 4691: 4689: 4687: 4673: 4667: 4666: 4664: 4662: 4648: 4642: 4641: 4639: 4637: 4623: 4617: 4616: 4614: 4612: 4597: 4591: 4590: 4588: 4586: 4571: 4565: 4564: 4555: 4553: 4539: 4533: 4532: 4521: 4515: 4514: 4503: 4497: 4496: 4494: 4492: 4481: 4475: 4474: 4463: 4457: 4456: 4454: 4452: 4441: 4435: 4434: 4422: 4416: 4415: 4413: 4411: 4400: 4394: 4393: 4391: 4389: 4374: 4368: 4367: 4365: 4363: 4352: 4346: 4345: 4343: 4341: 4330: 4324: 4323: 4321: 4319: 4308: 4302: 4301: 4299: 4297: 4286: 4280: 4279: 4277: 4275: 4260: 4254: 4253: 4252:on May 13, 2008. 4246:"Sun Opens Java" 4242: 4236: 4235: 4224: 4218: 4217: 4212: 4210: 4193: 4187: 4186: 4181: 4180: 4163: 4157: 4156: 4154: 4152: 4146:Sun Microsystems 4137: 4131: 4130: 4114: 4104: 4098: 4097: 4095: 4093: 4084:. Archived from 4082:Sun Microsystems 4073: 4064: 4063: 4047: 4037: 4031: 4030: 4028: 4026: 4021:on April 4, 2015 4011: 4005: 4004: 4002: 4000: 3989: 3983: 3982: 3980: 3978: 3963: 3957: 3956: 3954: 3952: 3941: 3935: 3934: 3932: 3930: 3921:. Archived from 3914: 3905: 3904: 3902: 3900: 3893:Sun Microsystems 3885: 3879: 3878: 3875: 3873: 3868: 3862: 3861: 3850: 3844: 3843: 3836: 3830: 3829: 3822: 3816: 3815: 3808: 3802: 3801: 3794: 3788: 3787: 3785: 3783: 3774:. Archived from 3768: 3762: 3761: 3755: 3747: 3745: 3743: 3734:. Archived from 3728: 3722: 3721: 3715: 3707: 3705: 3703: 3694:. Archived from 3688: 3682: 3681: 3676:. Archived from 3670: 3664: 3663: 3661: 3659: 3650:. Archived from 3644: 3638: 3637: 3635: 3633: 3619: 3613: 3600: 3591: 3590: 3588: 3586: 3575: 3566: 3565: 3553: 3542: 3541: 3539: 3537: 3523: 3517: 3516: 3514: 3512: 3501: 3495: 3494: 3489:. Archived from 3483: 3477: 3472: 3466: 3461: 3455: 3454: 3452: 3450: 3435: 3429: 3428: 3426: 3424: 3410: 3404: 3403: 3401: 3399: 3384: 3378: 3377: 3375: 3373: 3361: 3352: 3351: 3340: 3331: 3330: 3328: 3326: 3315: 3309: 3308: 3306: 3304: 3285: 3279: 3278: 3273:. Archived from 3262: 3256: 3255: 3253: 3251: 3240: 3234: 3233: 3231: 3229: 3218: 3212: 3211: 3209: 3207: 3196: 3190: 3189: 3187: 3185: 3170: 3161: 3160: 3158: 3156: 3145: 3139: 3138: 3136: 3134: 3118: 3112: 3111: 3109: 3107: 3091: 3085: 3084: 3082: 3080: 3061: 3058: 3048: 3042: 3041: 3039: 3037: 3022: 2976:Java performance 2960: 2955: 2954: 2899: 2895: 2883: 2817:Java performance 2805: 2773:unsigned integer 2743:Generics in Java 2657:Richard Stallman 2150:, an integrated 1750:Patrick Naughton 1742:Sun Microsystems 1553:Diamond Operator 1549:Switch on String 1421:pattern matching 1379:pattern matching 1333: 1332: 1265:young generation 1228:Java performance 1040: 1036: 979:tablet computers 947:standard library 787:since version 7. 783:is the official 634:on all of them. 433:embedded devices 388: 385: 379: 376: 370: 367: 365: 363: 301: 300:(up to Java 14) 253:Operating system 221: 215: 213: 208: 202: 196: 194: 189: 184: 178: 176: 171: 166: 160: 158: 153: 143: 137: 135: 130: 113: 111: 106: 82:Sun Microsystems 64: 57: 53: 21: 9168: 9167: 9163: 9162: 9161: 9159: 9158: 9157: 9133: 9132: 9131: 9126: 9106: 9075: 9054: 8992: 8986: 8955: 8939: 8911: 8903: 8873: 8868: 8846: 8817: 8799: 8762: 8744: 8726: 8684: 8638: 8595: 8562: 8496: 8465: 8447: 8429: 8387: 8374: 8336: 8238: 8211: 8173: 8126: 8096: 8087:Express for Web 8025: 7997: 7979: 7938: 7887: 7855:(superseded by 7845:(superseded by 7819: 7780: 7757: 7678: 7665:Borland Turbo C 7628: 7543: 7505: 7395: 7390: 7360: 7355: 7346: 7325: 7276:Cobalt Networks 7255: 7222: 7167: 7146: 7115: 7079: 7043: 6923: 6910: 6839: 6794:UltraSPARC IIIi 6734: 6493: 6484: 6479: 6449: 6444: 6434: 6413: 6399:Arthur van Hoff 6382: 6342: 6312: 6244: 6213: 6142: 6091: 6050: 6041: 5992: 5987: 5930: 5927: 5926: 5915: 5909: 5907: 5904:This audio file 5901: 5894: 5885: 5882: 5876: 5875: 5871: 5868: 5863: 5862: 5855:helpx.adobe.com 5849: 5848: 5844: 5831: 5830: 5826: 5813: 5812: 5808: 5798: 5796: 5785: 5781: 5766: 5765: 5761: 5746: 5742: 5735:KrebsOnSecurity 5727: 5723: 5713: 5711: 5704: 5700: 5690: 5688: 5681: 5677: 5667: 5665: 5660: 5659: 5655: 5645: 5643: 5632: 5628: 5618: 5616: 5608: 5607: 5603: 5593: 5591: 5582: 5581: 5577: 5567: 5565: 5554: 5550: 5540: 5538: 5527: 5523: 5513: 5511: 5506: 5505: 5501: 5491: 5489: 5484: 5483: 5479: 5462: 5461: 5457: 5440: 5439: 5435: 5425: 5423: 5418: 5417: 5413: 5403: 5401: 5398: 5392: 5388: 5378: 5376: 5366: 5362: 5352: 5350: 5341: 5340: 5336: 5328: 5324: 5323: 5319: 5309: 5307: 5298: 5297: 5293: 5283: 5281: 5272: 5271: 5267: 5257: 5255: 5248: 5244: 5234: 5232: 5223: 5222: 5218: 5208: 5206: 5199: 5195: 5180: 5176: 5167: 5166: 5162: 5153: 5152: 5148: 5139: 5138: 5134: 5125: 5124: 5120: 5110: 5108: 5102: 5098: 5088: 5086: 5081: 5080: 5076: 5066: 5064: 5055: 5054: 5050: 5040: 5038: 5033: 5032: 5028: 5018: 5016: 5011: 5010: 5006: 4996: 4994: 4989: 4988: 4984: 4965: 4961: 4946: 4942: 4931: 4927: 4917: 4915: 4906: 4905: 4901: 4892: 4891: 4887: 4877: 4875: 4862: 4861: 4857: 4847: 4845: 4837: 4836: 4832: 4821: 4817: 4804: 4803: 4799: 4786: 4784: 4775: 4774: 4770: 4760: 4758: 4750: 4749: 4745: 4735: 4733: 4725: 4724: 4720: 4710: 4708: 4700: 4699: 4695: 4685: 4683: 4675: 4674: 4670: 4660: 4658: 4650: 4649: 4645: 4635: 4633: 4625: 4624: 4620: 4610: 4608: 4599: 4598: 4594: 4584: 4582: 4573: 4572: 4568: 4551: 4549: 4541: 4540: 4536: 4523: 4522: 4518: 4505: 4504: 4500: 4490: 4488: 4483: 4482: 4478: 4465: 4464: 4460: 4450: 4448: 4443: 4442: 4438: 4423: 4419: 4409: 4407: 4402: 4401: 4397: 4387: 4385: 4376: 4375: 4371: 4361: 4359: 4354: 4353: 4349: 4339: 4337: 4332: 4331: 4327: 4317: 4315: 4310: 4309: 4305: 4295: 4293: 4288: 4287: 4283: 4273: 4271: 4261: 4257: 4244: 4243: 4239: 4226: 4225: 4221: 4208: 4206: 4198:"The Java Saga" 4194: 4190: 4178: 4176: 4164: 4160: 4150: 4148: 4138: 4134: 4127: 4105: 4101: 4091: 4089: 4088:on May 30, 2008 4074: 4067: 4060: 4038: 4034: 4024: 4022: 4013: 4012: 4008: 3998: 3996: 3991: 3990: 3986: 3976: 3974: 3965: 3964: 3960: 3950: 3948: 3942: 3938: 3928: 3926: 3915: 3908: 3898: 3896: 3887: 3886: 3882: 3870: 3869: 3865: 3858:docs.oracle.com 3852: 3851: 3847: 3838: 3837: 3833: 3826:"IBM Developer" 3824: 3823: 3819: 3810: 3809: 3805: 3796: 3795: 3791: 3781: 3779: 3770: 3769: 3765: 3749: 3748: 3741: 3739: 3732:"Archived copy" 3730: 3729: 3725: 3709: 3708: 3701: 3699: 3692:"Archived copy" 3690: 3689: 3685: 3672: 3671: 3667: 3657: 3655: 3646: 3645: 3641: 3631: 3629: 3621: 3620: 3616: 3610:Wayback Machine 3601: 3594: 3584: 3582: 3577: 3576: 3569: 3554: 3545: 3535: 3533: 3525: 3524: 3520: 3510: 3508: 3503: 3502: 3498: 3485: 3484: 3480: 3473: 3469: 3462: 3458: 3448: 3446: 3437: 3436: 3432: 3422: 3420: 3412: 3411: 3407: 3397: 3395: 3385: 3381: 3371: 3369: 3362: 3355: 3342: 3341: 3334: 3324: 3322: 3317: 3316: 3312: 3302: 3300: 3287: 3286: 3282: 3263: 3259: 3249: 3247: 3242: 3241: 3237: 3227: 3225: 3220: 3219: 3215: 3205: 3203: 3198: 3197: 3193: 3183: 3181: 3180:. April 8, 2014 3172: 3171: 3164: 3154: 3152: 3149:"HotSpot Group" 3147: 3146: 3142: 3132: 3130: 3120: 3119: 3115: 3105: 3103: 3093: 3092: 3088: 3078: 3076: 3074: 3059: 3049: 3045: 3035: 3033: 3024: 3023: 3019: 3014: 2956: 2949: 2946: 2938: 2930:Ask.com toolbar 2925: 2897: 2893: 2881: 2858: 2852: 2819: 2813: 2801: 2786: 2769: 2745: 2739: 2730: 2724: 2612: 2606: 2569: 2536:Duke is Java's 2526: 2458:(JRE) with its 2428: 2423: 1997: 1991: 1989:Version history 1979: 1959:Marc Andreessen 1890: 1882:The 3DO Company 1826:object-oriented 1796:embedded system 1770:Stealth Project 1730: 1359:statements and 1337: 1331: 1325: 1311:functionality. 1308: 1242: 1230: 1224: 1193: 1183: 1058: 1048: 1038: 1034: 1016:In most modern 1014: 1008: 1006:Class libraries 943: 937: 932: 931: 892: 884: 848: 842: 837: 836: 823:, which can be 802: 794: 789: 788: 737:(Java SE) is a 731: 723: 694:, and printers. 663: 632:run identically 616:virtual machine 608: 572: 548:escape analysis 462:Writing in the 419:for developing 391: 382: 373: 360: 217: 211: 209: 206: 203: 198: 192: 190: 187: 185: 180: 174: 172: 169: 167: 162: 156: 154: 151: 144: 139: 133: 131: 128: 109: 107: 104: 100:Initial release 67: 50: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9166: 9156: 9155: 9150: 9145: 9128: 9127: 9125: 9124: 9118: 9116: 9112: 9111: 9108: 9107: 9105: 9104: 9099: 9094: 9089: 9083: 9081: 9077: 9076: 9074: 9073: 9068: 9062: 9060: 9056: 9055: 9053: 9052: 9047: 9042: 9037: 9032: 9027: 9022: 9017: 9012: 9007: 9002: 8996: 8994: 8991:Frameworks and 8988: 8987: 8985: 8984: 8979: 8974: 8969: 8963: 8961: 8957: 8956: 8954: 8953: 8947: 8945: 8941: 8940: 8938: 8937: 8932: 8930:OpenOffice.org 8926: 8924: 8917: 8913: 8912: 8902: 8901: 8894: 8887: 8879: 8870: 8869: 8867: 8866: 8859: 8851: 8848: 8847: 8845: 8844: 8839: 8834: 8827: 8825: 8819: 8818: 8816: 8815: 8809: 8807: 8801: 8800: 8798: 8797: 8792: 8787: 8782: 8776: 8774: 8768: 8767: 8764: 8763: 8761: 8760: 8754: 8752: 8746: 8745: 8743: 8742: 8736: 8734: 8728: 8727: 8725: 8724: 8719: 8713: 8707: 8705: 8696: 8690: 8689: 8686: 8685: 8683: 8682: 8677: 8672: 8667: 8662: 8657: 8652: 8646: 8644: 8640: 8639: 8637: 8636: 8631: 8626: 8621: 8616: 8611: 8605: 8603: 8597: 8596: 8594: 8593: 8588: 8583: 8578: 8572: 8570: 8564: 8563: 8561: 8560: 8555: 8550: 8545: 8540: 8535: 8530: 8525: 8519: 8517: 8508: 8502: 8501: 8498: 8497: 8495: 8494: 8489: 8484: 8482:Virtual Pascal 8479: 8473: 8471: 8467: 8466: 8464: 8463: 8457: 8455: 8449: 8448: 8446: 8445: 8439: 8437: 8431: 8430: 8428: 8427: 8422: 8419: 8414: 8409: 8402: 8400: 8391: 8380: 8379: 8376: 8375: 8373: 8372: 8367: 8362: 8357: 8355:PythonAnywhere 8352: 8346: 8344: 8338: 8337: 8335: 8334: 8329: 8324: 8319: 8314: 8309: 8304: 8299: 8294: 8291: 8288: 8283: 8278: 8273: 8268: 8263: 8257: 8255: 8246: 8240: 8239: 8237: 8236: 8231: 8225: 8223: 8217: 8216: 8213: 8212: 8210: 8209: 8204: 8199: 8194: 8189: 8183: 8181: 8175: 8174: 8172: 8171: 8166: 8161: 8156: 8151: 8145: 8143: 8134: 8128: 8127: 8125: 8124: 8119: 8116: 8110: 8108: 8102: 8101: 8098: 8097: 8095: 8094: 8089: 8084: 8079: 8074: 8069: 8064: 8059: 8054: 8049: 8044: 8039: 8037:Xamarin Studio 8033: 8031: 8027: 8026: 8024: 8023: 8018: 8013: 8007: 8005: 7999: 7998: 7996: 7995: 7989: 7987: 7981: 7980: 7978: 7977: 7972: 7966: 7964: 7955: 7944: 7943: 7940: 7939: 7937: 7936: 7931: 7926: 7921: 7916: 7910: 7908: 7899: 7893: 7892: 7889: 7888: 7886: 7885: 7875: 7870: 7860: 7850: 7840: 7835: 7827: 7825: 7821: 7820: 7818: 7817: 7812: 7807: 7799: 7794: 7790: 7788: 7782: 7781: 7779: 7778: 7773: 7767: 7765: 7759: 7758: 7756: 7755: 7750: 7745: 7744: 7743: 7741:Android Studio 7732: 7727: 7722: 7717: 7712: 7707: 7701: 7699: 7690: 7684: 7683: 7680: 7679: 7677: 7676: 7671: 7662: 7657: 7652: 7647: 7642: 7636: 7634: 7630: 7629: 7627: 7626: 7621: 7616: 7610: 7608:LabWindows/CVI 7605: 7604: 7603: 7598: 7593: 7582: 7577: 7576: 7575: 7570: 7559: 7553: 7551: 7545: 7544: 7542: 7541: 7536: 7531: 7526: 7521: 7515: 7513: 7507: 7506: 7504: 7503: 7498: 7489: 7484: 7479: 7474: 7469: 7464: 7459: 7454: 7449: 7444: 7439: 7434: 7429: 7424: 7418: 7416: 7407: 7397: 7396: 7389: 7388: 7381: 7374: 7366: 7357: 7356: 7351: 7348: 7347: 7345: 7344: 7339: 7333: 7331: 7327: 7326: 7324: 7323: 7318: 7313: 7308: 7303: 7298: 7293: 7288: 7283: 7278: 7273: 7267: 7265: 7261: 7260: 7257: 7256: 7254: 7253: 7248: 7243: 7238: 7232: 7230: 7224: 7223: 7221: 7220: 7215: 7210: 7205: 7200: 7198:OpenOffice.org 7195: 7190: 7185: 7179: 7173: 7169: 7168: 7166: 7165: 7160: 7154: 7152: 7148: 7147: 7145: 7144: 7139: 7134: 7129: 7123: 7121: 7117: 7116: 7114: 7113: 7108: 7103: 7098: 7093: 7087: 7085: 7081: 7080: 7078: 7077: 7072: 7067: 7062: 7057: 7051: 7049: 7045: 7044: 7042: 7041: 7036: 7031: 7026: 7021: 7016: 7011: 7006: 7001: 6996: 6991: 6986: 6981: 6976: 6971: 6970: 6969: 6959: 6954: 6953: 6952: 6942: 6937: 6931: 6929: 6925: 6924: 6917: 6915: 6912: 6911: 6909: 6908: 6903: 6898: 6893: 6891:SPARC T series 6888: 6883: 6878: 6873: 6868: 6863: 6858: 6853: 6847: 6845: 6841: 6840: 6838: 6837: 6832: 6827: 6822: 6817: 6812: 6807: 6802: 6797: 6796: 6795: 6792: 6787:UltraSPARC III 6784: 6783: 6782: 6779: 6778:UltraSPARC IIi 6776: 6775:UltraSPARC IIe 6768: 6763: 6758: 6753: 6748: 6742: 6740: 6736: 6735: 6733: 6732: 6727: 6722: 6717: 6712: 6707: 6702: 6701: 6700: 6695: 6690: 6685: 6680: 6670: 6665: 6660: 6659: 6658: 6648: 6647: 6646: 6641: 6636: 6631: 6626: 6621: 6616: 6611: 6601: 6596: 6591: 6590: 6589: 6584: 6579: 6574: 6569: 6564: 6559: 6554: 6549: 6544: 6534: 6529: 6524: 6519: 6514: 6508: 6506: 6499: 6495: 6494: 6489: 6486: 6485: 6478: 6477: 6470: 6463: 6455: 6446: 6445: 6422: 6419: 6418: 6415: 6414: 6412: 6411: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6390: 6388: 6384: 6383: 6381: 6380: 6371: 6366: 6361: 6356: 6350: 6348: 6344: 6343: 6341: 6340: 6335: 6329: 6327: 6318: 6314: 6313: 6311: 6310: 6305: 6300: 6295: 6290: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6265: 6260: 6254: 6252: 6246: 6245: 6243: 6242: 6237: 6232: 6227: 6221: 6219: 6215: 6214: 6212: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6150: 6148: 6144: 6143: 6141: 6140: 6135: 6130: 6125: 6120: 6115: 6110: 6105: 6099: 6097: 6093: 6092: 6090: 6089: 6084: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6064: 6058: 6056: 6052: 6051: 6044: 6042: 6040: 6039: 6034: 6029: 6024: 6018: 6012: 6006: 6000: 5998: 5994: 5993: 5986: 5985: 5978: 5971: 5963: 5957: 5956: 5950: 5945: 5916: 5902: 5895: 5883: 5870: 5869: 5867: 5866:External links 5864: 5861: 5860: 5842: 5824: 5806: 5779: 5759: 5740: 5721: 5698: 5675: 5653: 5634:Brook, Chris. 5626: 5601: 5575: 5556:Brook, Chris. 5548: 5521: 5499: 5477: 5455: 5433: 5411: 5386: 5360: 5334: 5317: 5291: 5265: 5242: 5216: 5193: 5174: 5160: 5146: 5132: 5118: 5096: 5074: 5048: 5026: 5004: 4982: 4959: 4940: 4925: 4899: 4885: 4855: 4830: 4815: 4797: 4768: 4756:cr.openjdk.org 4743: 4718: 4706:cr.openjdk.org 4693: 4668: 4643: 4618: 4592: 4566: 4547:www.oracle.com 4534: 4529:www.oracle.com 4516: 4511:Stack Overflow 4498: 4476: 4458: 4436: 4433:. Oracle Corp. 4417: 4395: 4369: 4347: 4336:. Java.sun.com 4325: 4303: 4281: 4255: 4237: 4234:on 2008-02-10. 4219: 4188: 4158: 4132: 4125: 4099: 4065: 4058: 4032: 4006: 3984: 3958: 3936: 3906: 3880: 3863: 3845: 3831: 3817: 3803: 3798:"Java Modules" 3789: 3763: 3723: 3683: 3665: 3639: 3614: 3592: 3567: 3543: 3518: 3496: 3478: 3467: 3456: 3430: 3405: 3393:www.oracle.com 3379: 3353: 3348:www.oracle.com 3332: 3310: 3280: 3271:Virtual School 3257: 3235: 3213: 3191: 3162: 3140: 3122:"JDK Releases" 3113: 3095:"JDK Releases" 3086: 3073:978-0471034650 3072: 3043: 3016: 3015: 3013: 3010: 3009: 3008: 3003: 2998: 2993: 2988: 2983: 2978: 2973: 2968: 2962: 2961: 2945: 2942: 2937: 2934: 2924: 2921: 2878:remote exploit 2851: 2848: 2812: 2809: 2785: 2782: 2768: 2765: 2738: 2735: 2726:Main article: 2723: 2720: 2605: 2602: 2589:Apache Harmony 2568: 2565: 2532:Plain ol' Duke 2525: 2522: 2510:user interface 2427: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2250:type inference 2164:Java Web Start 2142:modeled after 1993:Main article: 1990: 1987: 1978: 1975: 1949:used the name 1947:Oak Technology 1914:World Wide Web 1889: 1886: 1785:Sand Hill Road 1729: 1726: 1723: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1712: 1711: 1692: 1689: 1685: 1684: 1666: 1663: 1659: 1658: 1643: 1640: 1636: 1635: 1621: 1618: 1614: 1613: 1583: 1580: 1576: 1575: 1564: 1561: 1557: 1556: 1541: 1538: 1534: 1533: 1522: 1519: 1515: 1514: 1503: 1500: 1496: 1495: 1488: 1485: 1481: 1480: 1473: 1470: 1466: 1465: 1454: 1451: 1447: 1446: 1436: 1433: 1429: 1428: 1417:record classes 1413: 1410: 1406: 1405: 1402:sealed classes 1394: 1391: 1387: 1386: 1383:sealed classes 1375:record classes 1371: 1368: 1364: 1363: 1361:sealed classes 1353: 1350: 1346: 1345: 1342: 1339: 1327:Main article: 1324: 1321: 1316:attack surface 1307: 1304: 1284: 1283: 1276:old generation 1272: 1241: 1238: 1226:Main article: 1223: 1220: 1214:, then called 1201:.NET Framework 1182: 1179: 1178: 1177: 1171: 1161: 1147: 1137: 1127: 1121: 1115: 1094: 1084: 1047: 1044: 1010:Main article: 1007: 1004: 967:feature phones 939:Main article: 936: 933: 924:architecture. 918:Oracle Solaris 916:supported the 903:technology by 893: 885: 883: 880: 876:cross-platform 844:Main article: 841: 838: 803: 795: 793: 790: 732: 724: 722: 719: 718: 717: 701: 695: 685: 662: 659: 607: 604: 571: 570:Latest version 568: 445:supercomputers 425:cross-platform 393: 392: 390: 389: 380: 371: 357: 355: 351: 350: 341:Dual-license: 339: 333: 332: 327: 321: 320: 317: 313: 312: 279: 273: 272: 255: 249: 248: 231: 227: 226: 223: 222: 125: 123:Stable release 119: 118: 115: 114: 101: 97: 96: 91: 85: 84: 75: 69: 68: 65: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9165: 9154: 9153:Java platform 9151: 9149: 9146: 9144: 9141: 9140: 9138: 9123: 9120: 9119: 9117: 9113: 9103: 9100: 9098: 9095: 9093: 9090: 9088: 9085: 9084: 9082: 9078: 9072: 9069: 9067: 9064: 9063: 9061: 9057: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9038: 9036: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 9001: 8998: 8997: 8995: 8989: 8983: 8980: 8978: 8975: 8973: 8970: 8968: 8965: 8964: 8962: 8958: 8952: 8949: 8948: 8946: 8942: 8936: 8933: 8931: 8928: 8927: 8925: 8921: 8918: 8914: 8910: 8907: 8900: 8895: 8893: 8888: 8886: 8881: 8880: 8877: 8865: 8864: 8860: 8858: 8857: 8853: 8852: 8849: 8843: 8840: 8838: 8835: 8833: 8829: 8828: 8826: 8824: 8820: 8814: 8811: 8810: 8808: 8806: 8802: 8796: 8793: 8791: 8788: 8786: 8783: 8781: 8780:IntelliJ IDEA 8778: 8777: 8775: 8773: 8769: 8759: 8756: 8755: 8753: 8751: 8747: 8741: 8738: 8737: 8735: 8733: 8729: 8723: 8720: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8708: 8706: 8704: 8700: 8697: 8695: 8691: 8681: 8678: 8676: 8673: 8671: 8668: 8666: 8663: 8661: 8658: 8656: 8653: 8651: 8648: 8647: 8645: 8641: 8635: 8632: 8630: 8629:Liberty BASIC 8627: 8625: 8622: 8620: 8617: 8615: 8612: 8610: 8609:Visual Studio 8607: 8606: 8604: 8602: 8598: 8592: 8589: 8587: 8584: 8582: 8579: 8577: 8574: 8573: 8571: 8569: 8565: 8559: 8556: 8554: 8551: 8549: 8546: 8544: 8541: 8539: 8536: 8534: 8531: 8529: 8526: 8524: 8521: 8520: 8518: 8516: 8512: 8509: 8507: 8503: 8493: 8490: 8488: 8487:Borland Kylix 8485: 8483: 8480: 8478: 8475: 8474: 8472: 8468: 8462: 8459: 8458: 8456: 8454: 8450: 8444: 8441: 8440: 8438: 8436: 8432: 8426: 8425:PascalABC.NET 8423: 8420: 8418: 8415: 8413: 8410: 8407: 8404: 8403: 8401: 8399: 8395: 8392: 8390: 8389:Object Pascal 8385: 8381: 8371: 8368: 8366: 8363: 8361: 8358: 8356: 8353: 8351: 8348: 8347: 8345: 8343: 8339: 8333: 8332:DevEco Studio 8330: 8328: 8325: 8323: 8320: 8318: 8315: 8313: 8310: 8308: 8305: 8303: 8300: 8298: 8295: 8292: 8289: 8287: 8284: 8282: 8279: 8277: 8274: 8272: 8269: 8267: 8264: 8262: 8259: 8258: 8256: 8254: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8241: 8235: 8232: 8230: 8227: 8226: 8224: 8222: 8218: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8193: 8190: 8188: 8185: 8184: 8182: 8180: 8176: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8146: 8144: 8142: 8138: 8135: 8133: 8129: 8123: 8120: 8117: 8115: 8112: 8111: 8109: 8107: 8103: 8093: 8090: 8088: 8085: 8083: 8080: 8078: 8075: 8073: 8070: 8068: 8065: 8063: 8060: 8058: 8055: 8053: 8050: 8048: 8045: 8043: 8040: 8038: 8035: 8034: 8032: 8028: 8022: 8019: 8017: 8014: 8012: 8011:Visual Studio 8009: 8008: 8006: 8004: 8000: 7994: 7991: 7990: 7988: 7986: 7982: 7976: 7975:PascalABC.NET 7973: 7971: 7968: 7967: 7965: 7963: 7959: 7956: 7953: 7949: 7945: 7935: 7934:DevEco Studio 7932: 7930: 7927: 7925: 7922: 7920: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7911: 7909: 7907: 7903: 7900: 7898: 7894: 7883: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7868: 7864: 7861: 7858: 7854: 7851: 7848: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7836: 7833: 7829: 7828: 7826: 7822: 7816: 7813: 7811: 7808: 7806: 7805:IntelliJ IDEA 7803: 7800: 7798: 7795: 7792: 7791: 7789: 7787: 7783: 7777: 7774: 7772: 7769: 7768: 7766: 7764: 7760: 7754: 7753:DevEco Studio 7751: 7749: 7746: 7742: 7739: 7738: 7736: 7735:IntelliJ IDEA 7733: 7731: 7728: 7726: 7723: 7721: 7718: 7716: 7713: 7711: 7708: 7706: 7703: 7702: 7700: 7698: 7694: 7691: 7689: 7685: 7675: 7672: 7670: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7648: 7646: 7643: 7641: 7638: 7637: 7635: 7631: 7625: 7622: 7620: 7617: 7615: 7611: 7609: 7606: 7602: 7599: 7597: 7594: 7592: 7591:IntelliJ IDEA 7589: 7588: 7587: 7583: 7581: 7580:Visual Studio 7578: 7574: 7571: 7569: 7566: 7565: 7563: 7560: 7558: 7555: 7554: 7552: 7550: 7546: 7540: 7537: 7535: 7532: 7530: 7527: 7525: 7522: 7520: 7519:DevEco Studio 7517: 7516: 7514: 7512: 7508: 7502: 7499: 7497: 7493: 7490: 7488: 7485: 7483: 7480: 7478: 7475: 7473: 7470: 7468: 7465: 7463: 7460: 7458: 7457:GNOME Builder 7455: 7453: 7450: 7448: 7445: 7443: 7440: 7438: 7435: 7433: 7430: 7428: 7425: 7423: 7420: 7419: 7417: 7415: 7411: 7408: 7406: 7402: 7398: 7394: 7387: 7382: 7380: 7375: 7373: 7368: 7367: 7364: 7354: 7349: 7343: 7340: 7338: 7335: 7334: 7332: 7328: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7312: 7309: 7307: 7304: 7302: 7299: 7297: 7294: 7292: 7289: 7287: 7284: 7282: 7279: 7277: 7274: 7272: 7269: 7268: 7266: 7262: 7252: 7249: 7247: 7246:Scott McNealy 7244: 7242: 7239: 7237: 7234: 7233: 7231: 7229: 7225: 7219: 7216: 7214: 7211: 7209: 7206: 7204: 7201: 7199: 7196: 7194: 7191: 7189: 7186: 7184: 7181: 7180: 7177: 7174: 7170: 7164: 7161: 7159: 7156: 7155: 7153: 7149: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7124: 7122: 7118: 7112: 7109: 7107: 7104: 7102: 7099: 7097: 7094: 7092: 7089: 7088: 7086: 7082: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7052: 7050: 7046: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7015: 7012: 7010: 7007: 7005: 7002: 7000: 6997: 6995: 6992: 6990: 6987: 6985: 6982: 6980: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6968: 6965: 6964: 6963: 6960: 6958: 6955: 6951: 6948: 6947: 6946: 6943: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6932: 6930: 6926: 6921: 6907: 6904: 6902: 6899: 6897: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6887: 6884: 6882: 6879: 6877: 6874: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6862: 6859: 6857: 6854: 6852: 6849: 6848: 6846: 6842: 6836: 6833: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6810:UltraSPARC T2 6808: 6806: 6805:UltraSPARC T1 6803: 6801: 6800:UltraSPARC IV 6798: 6793: 6790: 6789: 6788: 6785: 6780: 6777: 6774: 6773: 6772: 6771:UltraSPARC II 6769: 6767: 6764: 6762: 6759: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6743: 6741: 6737: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6699: 6696: 6694: 6691: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6675: 6674: 6671: 6669: 6666: 6664: 6661: 6657: 6654: 6653: 6652: 6649: 6645: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6635: 6632: 6630: 6627: 6625: 6622: 6620: 6617: 6615: 6612: 6610: 6607: 6606: 6605: 6602: 6600: 6597: 6595: 6592: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6539: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6510: 6509: 6507: 6503: 6500: 6496: 6492: 6487: 6483: 6476: 6471: 6469: 6464: 6462: 6457: 6456: 6453: 6443: 6438: 6432: 6431: 6420: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6394:James Gosling 6392: 6391: 6389: 6385: 6379: 6375: 6372: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6351: 6349: 6347:Organizations 6345: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6330: 6328: 6326: 6322: 6319: 6315: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6255: 6253: 6251: 6250:JVM languages 6247: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6231: 6228: 6226: 6223: 6222: 6220: 6216: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6164:GNU Classpath 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6151: 6149: 6145: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6126: 6124: 6121: 6119: 6116: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6104: 6101: 6100: 6098: 6094: 6088: 6085: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6059: 6057: 6053: 6048: 6038: 6035: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6022: 6019: 6016: 6013: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6001: 5999: 5995: 5991: 5984: 5979: 5977: 5972: 5970: 5965: 5964: 5961: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5943: 5942:James Gosling 5937: 5933: 5929: 5928: 5924: 5920: 5905: 5856: 5852: 5846: 5838: 5834: 5828: 5820: 5816: 5810: 5794: 5790: 5783: 5775: 5774: 5769: 5763: 5755: 5751: 5744: 5736: 5732: 5725: 5710:. VentureBeat 5709: 5702: 5686: 5679: 5663: 5657: 5641: 5637: 5630: 5615: 5611: 5605: 5589: 5585: 5579: 5563: 5559: 5552: 5536: 5532: 5525: 5509: 5503: 5487: 5481: 5473: 5469: 5465: 5459: 5451: 5447: 5443: 5437: 5421: 5415: 5397: 5390: 5375: 5374:darksleep.com 5371: 5364: 5348: 5344: 5338: 5327: 5321: 5305: 5301: 5295: 5279: 5275: 5269: 5253: 5246: 5230: 5226: 5220: 5204: 5197: 5189: 5185: 5178: 5170: 5169:"Ubuntu Java" 5164: 5156: 5155:"Debian Java" 5150: 5142: 5141:"Fedora Java" 5136: 5128: 5127:"Redhat Java" 5122: 5107: 5100: 5084: 5078: 5062: 5058: 5052: 5036: 5030: 5014: 5008: 4992: 4986: 4978: 4974: 4970: 4963: 4955: 4951: 4944: 4936: 4929: 4913: 4909: 4903: 4895: 4889: 4873: 4869: 4865: 4859: 4844: 4840: 4834: 4826: 4819: 4811: 4807: 4801: 4794: 4782: 4778: 4772: 4757: 4753: 4747: 4732: 4728: 4722: 4707: 4703: 4697: 4682: 4678: 4672: 4661:September 17, 4657: 4653: 4647: 4632: 4628: 4622: 4611:September 26, 4606: 4602: 4596: 4585:September 25, 4580: 4576: 4570: 4563: 4561: 4548: 4544: 4538: 4530: 4526: 4520: 4512: 4508: 4502: 4486: 4480: 4472: 4468: 4462: 4446: 4440: 4432: 4428: 4421: 4405: 4399: 4383: 4379: 4378:"Java Naming" 4373: 4357: 4351: 4335: 4329: 4313: 4307: 4291: 4285: 4270: 4266: 4259: 4251: 4247: 4241: 4233: 4229: 4223: 4216: 4205: 4204: 4199: 4192: 4185: 4175: 4174: 4169: 4162: 4147: 4143: 4136: 4128: 4122: 4118: 4113: 4112: 4103: 4087: 4083: 4079: 4072: 4070: 4061: 4055: 4051: 4046: 4045: 4036: 4020: 4016: 4010: 3994: 3988: 3972: 3968: 3962: 3947: 3940: 3924: 3920: 3913: 3911: 3894: 3890: 3884: 3877: 3867: 3859: 3855: 3849: 3841: 3835: 3827: 3821: 3813: 3807: 3799: 3793: 3777: 3773: 3767: 3759: 3753: 3737: 3733: 3727: 3719: 3713: 3697: 3693: 3687: 3679: 3675: 3669: 3653: 3649: 3643: 3628: 3624: 3623:"OpenJDK FAQ" 3618: 3611: 3607: 3604: 3599: 3597: 3580: 3574: 3572: 3563: 3559: 3552: 3550: 3548: 3532: 3528: 3522: 3506: 3500: 3492: 3488: 3482: 3476: 3471: 3465: 3460: 3444: 3440: 3434: 3419: 3415: 3409: 3394: 3390: 3383: 3367: 3360: 3358: 3349: 3345: 3339: 3337: 3320: 3314: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3284: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3261: 3245: 3239: 3223: 3217: 3201: 3195: 3179: 3175: 3169: 3167: 3150: 3144: 3129: 3128: 3123: 3117: 3102: 3101: 3096: 3090: 3075: 3069: 3065: 3057: 3056: 3047: 3031: 3027: 3021: 3017: 3007: 3004: 3002: 2999: 2997: 2994: 2992: 2989: 2987: 2984: 2982: 2979: 2977: 2974: 2972: 2969: 2967: 2964: 2963: 2959: 2953: 2948: 2941: 2936:Update system 2933: 2931: 2920: 2917: 2912: 2910: 2906: 2901: 2890: 2885: 2879: 2875: 2870: 2866: 2864: 2857: 2856:Java security 2847: 2844: 2843:Java bytecode 2840: 2838: 2837:JIT compilers 2834: 2830: 2828: 2824: 2818: 2808: 2804: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2788:While Java's 2781: 2778: 2774: 2764: 2762: 2759:to allow for 2758: 2754: 2750: 2744: 2734: 2729: 2719: 2715: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2700: 2698: 2697:GNU Classpath 2694: 2688: 2686: 2681: 2677: 2676:Class library 2673: 2668: 2666: 2665:free software 2662: 2658: 2653: 2648: 2646: 2645:Java Platform 2642: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2627:announced in 2626: 2620: 2616: 2611: 2604:Free software 2601: 2598: 2594: 2593:free software 2590: 2586: 2585:GNU Classpath 2581: 2579: 2575: 2564: 2562: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2546: 2541: 2539: 2530: 2521: 2517: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2492: 2488: 2483: 2481: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2453: 2448: 2446: 2437: 2436:Windows Vista 2432: 2418: 2415: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2399: 2397: 2393: 2391: 2387: 2385: 2381: 2379: 2375: 2373: 2369: 2367: 2363: 2361: 2357: 2355: 2351: 2349: 2345: 2343: 2339: 2337: 2333: 2331: 2326: 2325:rapid release 2322: 2318: 2314: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2290: 2285: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2263: 2258: 2256: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2237: 2233: 2232:Windows Vista 2229: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2209: 2205: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2191: 2187: 2183: 2179: 2178:for-each loop 2175: 2171: 2167: 2165: 2161: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2034:inner classes 2031: 2027: 2024:Sun released 2022: 2020: 2016: 2015: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1996: 1986: 1984: 1974: 1972: 1966: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1935: 1933: 1929: 1928: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1894: 1885: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1850: 1845: 1841: 1836: 1834: 1833: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1792: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1781:James Gosling 1778: 1777:Green Project 1773: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1762:Scott McNealy 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1736:James Gosling 1734: 1720: 1717: 1714: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1696:Inner Classes 1693: 1690: 1687: 1686: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1664: 1661: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1649:, introduced 1648: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1637: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1615: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1599:Static Import 1596: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1581: 1578: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1539: 1536: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1520: 1517: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1486: 1483: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1471: 1468: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1452: 1449: 1448: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1411: 1408: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1392: 1389: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1369: 1366: 1365: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1351: 1348: 1347: 1343: 1340: 1335: 1334: 1330: 1323:Java versions 1320: 1317: 1312: 1303: 1299: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1261: 1260: 1258: 1253: 1251: 1247: 1237: 1234: 1229: 1219: 1217: 1213: 1208: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1192: 1188: 1175: 1172: 1169: 1165: 1162: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1148: 1145: 1141: 1138: 1135: 1131: 1128: 1125: 1122: 1119: 1116: 1113: 1109: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1095: 1092: 1088: 1085: 1082: 1078: 1075: 1074: 1073: 1071: 1067: 1062: 1057: 1053: 1043: 1030: 1028: 1023: 1019: 1013: 1003: 1001: 996: 992: 988: 984: 980: 976: 975:Micro Edition 972: 968: 964: 963:Mobile phones 960: 956: 952: 948: 942: 929: 925: 923: 919: 913: 910: 906: 902: 898: 890: 879: 877: 872: 870: 864: 862: 858: 853: 852:Java bytecode 847: 834: 830: 826: 825:microservices 822: 818: 814: 810: 806: 800: 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 752: 748: 744: 743:portable code 740: 736: 729: 715: 712: 711:client–server 709: 705: 702: 699: 696: 693: 692:set-top boxes 689: 686: 683: 679: 675: 672: 671: 670: 668: 658: 654: 652: 648: 644: 640: 639:Java compiler 635: 633: 629: 625: 621: 617: 613: 603: 601: 597: 593: 589: 585: 581: 577: 567: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 529: 525: 521: 517: 513: 509: 505: 501: 497: 493: 489: 485: 481: 477: 473: 469: 465: 460: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 437:mobile phones 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 403: 399: 387: 381: 378: 372: 369: 359: 358: 356: 352: 348: 344: 340: 338: 334: 331: 328: 326: 322: 318: 314: 309: 305: 299: 295: 291: 287: 283: 280: 278: 274: 271: 267: 263: 259: 256: 254: 250: 247: 243: 239: 235: 232: 228: 224: 220: 204: 201: 183: 165: 149: 142: 126: 124: 120: 116: 102: 98: 95: 92: 90: 86: 83: 79: 78:James Gosling 76: 74: 70: 63: 58: 52: 48: 44: 37: 33: 19: 9071:Oracle Linux 9019: 8923:Applications 8861: 8854: 8790:Sublime Text 8675:Visual Basic 8670:SharpDevelop 8643:Discontinued 8477:Turbo Pascal 8470:Discontinued 8118:FlashDevelop 8047:SharpDevelop 8030:Discontinued 7834:Pro for Java 7824:Discontinued 7687: 7660:SharpDevelop 7633:Discontinued 7427:Code::Blocks 7264:Acquisitions 7251:Vinod Khosla 7065:Open Storage 6998: 6663:Blade server 6594:SPARCclassic 6428: 6023:(Enterprise) 5989: 5935: 5854: 5845: 5836: 5827: 5818: 5809: 5799:December 14, 5797:. Retrieved 5792: 5782: 5773:The Guardian 5771: 5762: 5753: 5743: 5734: 5724: 5712:. Retrieved 5701: 5689:. Retrieved 5678: 5666:. Retrieved 5664:. Oracle.com 5656: 5644:. Retrieved 5640:the original 5629: 5617:. Retrieved 5613: 5604: 5592:. Retrieved 5588:the original 5578: 5566:. Retrieved 5562:the original 5551: 5539:. Retrieved 5535:the original 5524: 5512:. Retrieved 5502: 5490:. Retrieved 5480: 5472:the original 5467: 5458: 5450:the original 5445: 5436: 5424:. Retrieved 5414: 5402:. Retrieved 5389: 5377:. Retrieved 5373: 5363: 5351:. Retrieved 5346: 5337: 5320: 5308:. Retrieved 5304:the original 5294: 5282:. Retrieved 5278:the original 5268: 5256:. Retrieved 5245: 5233:. Retrieved 5229:the original 5219: 5207:. Retrieved 5205:. Github.com 5196: 5188:the original 5177: 5163: 5149: 5135: 5121: 5109:. Retrieved 5099: 5087:. Retrieved 5077: 5065:. Retrieved 5060: 5051: 5039:. Retrieved 5029: 5017:. Retrieved 5007: 4995:. Retrieved 4985: 4977:the original 4972: 4962: 4953: 4943: 4928: 4916:. Retrieved 4912:the original 4902: 4888: 4876:. Retrieved 4872:the original 4858: 4846:. Retrieved 4833: 4818: 4809: 4800: 4792: 4787:December 15, 4785:. Retrieved 4781:the original 4771: 4759:. Retrieved 4755: 4746: 4734:. Retrieved 4730: 4721: 4709:. Retrieved 4705: 4696: 4684:. Retrieved 4680: 4671: 4659:. Retrieved 4655: 4646: 4634:. Retrieved 4630: 4621: 4609:. Retrieved 4595: 4583:. Retrieved 4569: 4557: 4550:. Retrieved 4546: 4537: 4528: 4519: 4510: 4501: 4489:. Retrieved 4479: 4471:www.java.com 4470: 4461: 4449:. Retrieved 4447:. Oracle.com 4439: 4430: 4420: 4408:. Retrieved 4398: 4386:. Retrieved 4381: 4372: 4360:. Retrieved 4350: 4338:. Retrieved 4328: 4316:. Retrieved 4306: 4294:. Retrieved 4284: 4274:November 25, 4272:. Retrieved 4258: 4250:the original 4240: 4232:the original 4222: 4214: 4207:. Retrieved 4201: 4191: 4183: 4177:. Retrieved 4171: 4161: 4149:. Retrieved 4135: 4110: 4102: 4090:. Retrieved 4086:the original 4043: 4035: 4023:. Retrieved 4019:the original 4009: 3997:. Retrieved 3987: 3975:. Retrieved 3961: 3949:. Retrieved 3939: 3927:. Retrieved 3923:the original 3897:. Retrieved 3883: 3866: 3857: 3848: 3834: 3820: 3806: 3792: 3780:. Retrieved 3776:the original 3766: 3740:. Retrieved 3736:the original 3726: 3700:. Retrieved 3696:the original 3686: 3678:the original 3668: 3656:. Retrieved 3652:the original 3642: 3630:. Retrieved 3617: 3583:. Retrieved 3536:February 26, 3534:. Retrieved 3521: 3509:. Retrieved 3499: 3491:the original 3481: 3470: 3459: 3447:. Retrieved 3433: 3423:February 26, 3421:. Retrieved 3408: 3396:. Retrieved 3392: 3382: 3370:. Retrieved 3347: 3325:September 9, 3323:. Retrieved 3313: 3301:. Retrieved 3293:www.java.com 3292: 3283: 3275:the original 3270: 3260: 3248:. Retrieved 3238: 3226:. Retrieved 3216: 3204:. Retrieved 3202:. Oracle.com 3194: 3182:. Retrieved 3177: 3153:. Retrieved 3143: 3131:. Retrieved 3125: 3116: 3104:. Retrieved 3098: 3089: 3077:. Retrieved 3054: 3046: 3034:. Retrieved 3030:the original 3020: 2939: 2926: 2913: 2902: 2886: 2871: 2867: 2859: 2841: 2831: 2820: 2797: 2787: 2770: 2760: 2746: 2731: 2716: 2701: 2689: 2669: 2667:community". 2649: 2623: 2582: 2570: 2542: 2535: 2518: 2484: 2478:include the 2472:version 10.7 2449: 2441: 2416: 2400: 2395: 2394: 2389: 2388: 2383: 2382: 2377: 2376: 2371: 2370: 2365: 2364: 2359: 2358: 2353: 2352: 2347: 2346: 2341: 2340: 2335: 2334: 2316: 2315: 2298: 2294: 2293: 2271: 2267: 2266: 2259: 2245: 2241: 2240: 2224:JSR 269 2216:Java SE 2215: 2199: 2195: 2194: 2173: 2169: 2168: 2135: 2131: 2130: 2109: 2105: 2104: 2100:JIT compiler 2096:Java Plug-in 2066:) and J2ME ( 2055: 2051: 2047: 2046: 2025: 2023: 2018: 2012: 1998: 1980: 1967: 1950: 1938: 1936: 1927:Blade Runner 1925: 1918:web browsers 1910:Eric Schmidt 1906:Wayne Rosing 1899: 1868:(RFP) for a 1853: 1847: 1837: 1830: 1821: 1812: 1793: 1776: 1774: 1769: 1739: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1610: 1607:Enumerations 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1571: 1567: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1529: 1525: 1510: 1506: 1491: 1476: 1461: 1457: 1443: 1439: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1401: 1397: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1360: 1356: 1313: 1309: 1300: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1285: 1279: 1275: 1264: 1256: 1254: 1245: 1243: 1235: 1231: 1209: 1194: 1099:– a modern, 1091:immutability 1070:interpreters 1063: 1059: 1031: 1015: 983:handheld PCs 981:, and other 944: 914: 894: 873: 865: 860: 849: 817:web services 733: 664: 655: 636: 609: 596:AdoptOpenJDK 592:Azul Systems 576:Java 22 573: 540:memory model 461: 449:Java applets 411:is a set of 408: 407: 316:Available in 306:support for 145: 89:Developer(s) 51: 9066:OpenSolaris 8967:Berkeley DB 8837:Eclipse Che 8703:Open source 8655:MonoDevelop 8650:CA-Realizer 8576:FutureBASIC 8515:Open source 8492:QuickPascal 8406:Free Pascal 8398:Open source 8342:Proprietary 8302:Komodo Edit 8276:Light Table 8253:Open source 8207:Zend Studio 8187:Codelobster 8179:Proprietary 8159:Komodo Edit 8141:Open source 8042:MonoDevelop 7962:Open source 7906:Open source 7863:Visual Café 7832:CodeWarrior 7830:Metrowerks 7697:Open source 7655:MonoDevelop 7568:CodeWarrior 7422:Arduino IDE 7414:Open source 7203:OpenSolaris 7106:Grid Engine 7084:Performance 7014:Java System 6984:OpenWindows 6725:Cobalt Qube 6710:JavaStation 6325:Conferences 6032:Android SDK 5714:February 9, 5691:February 9, 5668:February 9, 5646:February 9, 5619:February 9, 5594:February 9, 5568:February 9, 5541:February 9, 5514:February 9, 5492:February 9, 5426:December 9, 5404:December 9, 5353:January 18, 5310:December 9, 5284:December 9, 5258:February 9, 5235:February 9, 5209:February 9, 5041:February 9, 5019:February 9, 4997:February 9, 4491:February 9, 4451:February 9, 4410:February 9, 4362:February 9, 4340:February 9, 4318:February 9, 4296:February 9, 3951:February 7, 3929:February 7, 3899:February 7, 3632:October 23, 3585:February 9, 3372:February 9, 3303:February 6, 3250:February 9, 3228:February 9, 3206:February 9, 3184:February 9, 3155:February 9, 3133:January 17, 3106:December 9, 3036:February 9, 2916:Brian Krebs 2811:Performance 2672:source code 2561:BSD license 2514:Lotus Notes 2426:Desktop use 2220:annotations 2158:processor ( 2154:parser and 2124:(JNDI) and 2078:framework, 2076:collections 1930:), renamed 1870:set-top box 1862:Time Warner 1854:Firstperson 1694:Introduced 1668:Introduced 1633:Logging API 1623:Introduced 1611:Annotations 1570:(JSR 223), 1566:Introduced 1543:Introduced 1505:Introduced 1490:Introduced 1477:HTTP Client 1456:Introduced 1440:text blocks 1398:text blocks 1396:Introduced 1373:Introduced 1257:generations 1222:Performance 1170:interpreter 1146:interpreter 1136:interpreter 971:smartphones 959:form factor 833:concurrency 682:smart cards 645:(JDK). The 528:Objective-C 512:Java syntax 347:proprietary 219:[±] 200:[±] 182:[±] 164:[±] 141:[±] 9137:Categories 8935:VirtualBox 8856:Comparison 8842:SourceLair 8832:Cloud9 IDE 8740:Cloud9 IDE 8660:QuickBASIC 8417:Dev-Pascal 8307:Komodo IDE 8290:PyScripter 8164:Komodo IDE 8021:Understand 7897:JavaScript 7873:Visual J++ 7815:Understand 7776:JDeveloper 7619:Understand 7557:C++Builder 7501:OpenWatcom 7482:Qt Creator 7321:Tarantella 7316:StorageTek 7039:VirtualBox 7004:StarOffice 6766:UltraSPARC 6761:SuperSPARC 6756:microSPARC 6739:Processors 6730:Cobalt RaQ 6651:Enterprise 6404:Urs Hölzle 6293:Processing 6021:Jakarta EE 6017:(Standard) 5919:Audio help 5910:2013-08-19 5819:Super User 5787:Bott, Ed. 5614:Forbes.com 5379:October 9, 4918:August 17, 4388:August 25, 4209:October 4, 4179:2020-07-15 4142:"Foreword" 4126:0471297135 4059:0471297135 3874:.beanshell 3782:August 14, 3742:August 14, 3702:August 14, 3658:August 14, 3449:January 1, 3178:Oracle.com 3012:References 2827:Benchmarks 2823:HotSpot VM 2753:deprecated 2608:See also: 2591:) created 2464:Visual J++ 2412:deprecated 2396:Java SE 22 2390:Java SE 21 2384:Java SE 20 2378:Java SE 19 2372:Java SE 18 2366:Java SE 17 2360:Java SE 16 2354:Java SE 15 2348:Java SE 14 2342:Java SE 13 2336:Java SE 12 2317:Java SE 11 2284:Windows XP 2204:JavaScript 2186:autoboxing 2072:reflection 2052:Playground 1704:Java Beans 1700:Reflection 1462:Shenandoah 1444:Socket API 1425:instanceof 1185:See also: 1168:JavaScript 1105:functional 1050:See also: 969:and early 965:including 805:Jakarta EE 799:Jakarta EE 792:Jakarta EE 708:multi-tier 704:Jakarta EE 556:references 484:JavaScript 230:Written in 212:2024-01-16 193:2022-10-18 175:2023-02-18 157:2023-09-19 134:2024-04-19 110:1996-01-23 47:JavaScript 9005:GlassFish 8960:Databases 8619:PureBasic 8523:Basic-256 8365:SlickEdit 8281:Ninja-IDE 8202:SlickEdit 7853:VisualAge 7810:SlickEdit 7802:JetBrains 7797:MyEclipse 7730:Greenfoot 7645:VisualAge 7624:SlickEdit 7586:JetBrains 7573:MyEclipse 7208:OpenSPARC 7172:Community 7151:Education 7034:GlassFish 6861:Fireplane 6317:Community 6263:BeanShell 6179:Hibernate 6154:Blackdown 6087:Maxine VM 6027:Java Card 5997:Platforms 5936:infoq.com 5793:ZDNet.com 5754:ReadWrite 5015:. Sun.com 4878:March 18, 4848:March 18, 4827:. Oracle. 4761:April 16, 4736:April 16, 4711:April 16, 4686:March 25, 4636:March 22, 4552:March 27, 4406:. Jcp.org 4358:. Jcp.org 4314:. Jcp.org 4292:. Jcp.org 4173:JavaWorld 4151:August 2, 4092:August 2, 3977:March 23, 2722:Criticism 2567:Licensing 2452:Microsoft 2332:support. 2330:WebSocket 2295:Java SE 9 2268:Java SE 8 2242:Java SE 7 2196:Java SE 6 2118:JavaSound 2038:JavaBeans 1943:trademark 1934:in 1995. 1902:John Gage 1896:John Gage 1864:issued a 1808:threading 1772:started. 1216:Visual J# 1077:BeanShell 1066:compilers 1046:Languages 765:Java APIs 763:—such as 674:Java Card 620:libraries 532:low-level 524:Smalltalk 476:compilers 468:byte code 453:sandboxed 402:TuxGuitar 9050:VisualVM 9040:NetBeans 8916:Software 8863:Category 8732:Freeware 8718:(VSCode) 8614:NS Basic 8568:Freeware 8548:Basic4GL 8538:SdlBasic 8435:Freeware 8370:Wing IDE 8312:KDevelop 8192:PhpStorm 8169:KDevelop 8154:NetBeans 7985:Freeware 7929:Chromium 7882:NetBeans 7880:(became 7867:JBuilder 7847:NetBeans 7838:JBuilder 7793:JCreator 7763:Freeware 7748:NetBeans 7511:Freeware 7477:QDevelop 7472:NetBeans 7467:KDevelop 7432:CodeLite 7353:Category 7296:MySQL AB 7281:Gridware 7236:Bill Joy 7193:NetBeans 7137:Fortress 7132:picoJava 7120:Research 6928:Software 6866:LOM port 6825:SPARC T5 6820:SPARC T4 6815:SPARC T3 6498:Hardware 6430:Category 6108:Servlets 5921: · 5349:. Oracle 5111:July 12, 5061:BBC News 4677:"JDK 14" 4652:"JDK 13" 4627:"JDK 12" 4601:"JDK 11" 4384:. Oracle 4382:Java.com 4025:June 26, 3999:June 26, 3752:cite web 3712:cite web 3606:Archived 3511:July 18, 3321:. Oracle 3297:Archived 2944:See also 2850:Security 2803:strictfp 2794:IEEE 754 2749:generics 2737:Generics 2708:Fedora 9 2498:LimeWire 2487:NetBeans 2443:Alphine/ 2280:closures 2226:), many 2190:var-args 2182:generics 2170:J2SE 5.0 2132:J2SE 1.4 2128:(JPDA). 2106:J2SE 1.3 2080:Java IDL 2048:J2SE 1.2 2044:(JDBC). 1955:SunWorld 1941:after a 1814:Bill Joy 1708:JDBC API 1653:(JNDI), 1587:Generics 1344:Changes 1338:version 1306:Security 1035:java.net 775:and the 767:for the 628:hardware 606:Platform 536:pointers 349:license. 277:Platform 9115:Related 9045:OpenJDK 9035:Nashorn 9010:HotSpot 8785:VS Code 8722:Eclipse 8624:GLBasic 8586:thinAir 8412:Lazarus 8350:PyCharm 8229:RStudio 8197:PHPEdit 7857:Eclipse 7720:Eclipse 7596:AppCode 7564:-based 7562:Eclipse 7462:Kakoune 7442:Eclipse 7437:Dev-C++ 7330:Slogans 7213:OpenJDK 7048:Storage 7009:iPlanet 6974:SunView 6940:Solaris 6881:Neptune 6751:MB86900 6527:Sun386i 6505:Systems 6433: 6333:JavaOne 6308:Oxygene 6268:Clojure 6218:History 6209:WildFly 6204:TopLink 6189:Jazelle 6184:IcedTea 6174:Harmony 6159:Eclipse 6138:Modules 6133:Pack200 6113:MIDlets 6103:Applets 6072:OpenJDK 6037:GraalVM 6015:Java SE 6011:(Micro) 6009:Java ME 5908: ( 5879:minutes 5795:. ZDNet 4954:Groklaw 4681:OpenJDK 4656:OpenJDK 4631:OpenJDK 4560:Wayland 4050:120–122 3627:OpenJDK 3398:May 20, 3368:. ZDNet 3079:May 30, 2986:Jazelle 2889:Reuters 2863:malware 2757:erasure 2704:IcedTea 2693:IcedTea 2674:of the 2629:JavaOne 2610:OpenJDK 2576:or the 2549:Java ME 2545:Java SE 2491:Eclipse 2480:OpenJDK 2408:Java 2D 2246:Dolphin 2208:Mozilla 2200:Mustang 2162:), and 2114:HotSpot 2110:Kestrel 2026:JDK 1.1 2005:library 1985:(GPL). 1932:HotJava 1822:Further 1779:, with 1728:History 1657:(JPDA) 1647:HotSpot 1603:Varargs 1292:permgen 1269:objects 1110:of the 1108:dialect 1101:dynamic 1097:Clojure 1039:java.io 1000:modules 909:OpenJDK 809:Java SE 781:OpenJDK 747:desktop 721:Java SE 698:Java SE 688:Java ME 678:applets 624:servers 500:Clojure 459:pages. 354:Website 337:License 308:Windows 270:Solaris 210: ( 191: ( 173: ( 155: ( 146:21.0.0 132: ( 108: ( 9030:Memory 9000:DTrace 8972:InnoDB 8906:Oracle 8823:Online 8813:Poplog 8805:POP-11 8758:GoLand 8750:Retail 8665:QBasic 8601:Retail 8581:RapidQ 8558:InForm 8543:Gambas 8461:Delphi 8453:Retail 8384:Pascal 8327:Thonny 8297:Spyder 8261:Anjuta 8244:Python 8149:Aptana 8003:Retail 7786:Retail 7771:jGRASP 7715:DrJava 7705:Anjuta 7674:QuickC 7640:Anjuta 7549:Retail 7487:TheIDE 7311:SavaJe 7228:People 7111:Lustre 6994:Studio 6781:Gemini 6387:People 6338:Devoxx 6288:Kotlin 6283:Jython 6273:Groovy 6199:Struts 6194:Spring 6082:JavaFX 6062:Squawk 5089:May 9, 5067:May 6, 4843:Oracle 4123: 4056: 3070: 2981:JavaFX 2923:Adware 2898:Java 6 2894:Java 7 2882:Java 5 2678:under 2538:mascot 2524:Mascot 2506:MATLAB 2470:as of 2311:64-bit 2307:32-bit 2206:using 2136:Merlin 2056:Java 2 2040:, and 1922:Mosaic 1908:, and 1806:, and 1680:, and 1528:, new 1511:JShell 1460:, new 1381:, and 1357:switch 1150:Kotlin 1144:Python 1140:Jython 1124:Groovy 1103:, and 1087:Ceylon 1081:JShell 995:Dalvik 991:Google 751:server 600:legacy 594:, and 584:Amazon 506:, and 504:Groovy 494:, and 492:Python 488:Kotlin 362:oracle 304:32-bit 216:) 197:) 179:) 161:) 138:) 9092:OCFS2 9080:Other 8977:MySQL 8506:BASIC 8421:GNAVI 8286:PyDev 8106:Flash 8016:Rider 7878:Xelfi 7725:Geany 7710:BlueJ 7601:CLion 7539:Xcode 7452:Geany 7447:Emacs 7163:BlueJ 7091:Cloud 7024:MySQL 6935:SunOS 6851:Sun4d 6844:Other 6746:SPARC 6698:X4500 6693:T2000 6656:10000 6604:Ultra 6599:Netra 6532:Sun-4 6522:Sun-3 6517:Sun-2 6512:Sun-1 6303:Scala 6298:Rhino 6278:JRuby 5399:(PDF) 5329:(PDF) 4203:Wired 3060:(PDF) 2747:When 2555:(the 2421:Usage 2404:Swing 2272:Kenai 2212:Rhino 2174:Tiger 2092:Swing 2088:CORBA 1971:TeaVM 1920:like 1874:cable 1849:Star7 1589:, an 1341:Year 1174:Scala 1164:Rhino 1130:JRuby 1027:Swing 922:SPARC 552:stack 508:Scala 470:in a 431:from 386:.java 366:/java 298:SPARC 294:IA-32 290:ARMv7 286:ARMv8 266:macOS 262:Linux 8951:Java 8830:AWS 8772:Haxe 8634:Xojo 8293:PIDA 8271:Eric 8266:IDLE 7952:.NET 7924:Atom 7688:Java 7612:IBM 7301:Pixo 7158:SCPs 6999:Java 6979:NeWS 6967:ZFS+ 6950:NIS+ 6896:SPOT 6871:MBus 6856:SBus 6835:MAJC 6830:Rock 6688:E25K 6673:Fire 6258:Java 5801:2014 5716:2016 5693:2016 5670:2016 5648:2016 5621:2016 5596:2016 5570:2016 5543:2016 5516:2016 5494:2016 5428:2006 5406:2006 5381:2010 5355:2011 5312:2006 5286:2006 5260:2016 5237:2016 5211:2016 5113:2008 5091:2007 5069:2010 5043:2016 5021:2016 4999:2016 4920:2011 4880:2007 4850:2019 4789:2011 4763:2024 4738:2024 4713:2024 4688:2020 4663:2019 4638:2019 4613:2018 4587:2018 4554:2018 4493:2016 4453:2016 4412:2016 4390:2011 4364:2016 4342:2016 4320:2016 4298:2016 4276:2011 4211:2022 4153:2009 4121:ISBN 4094:2009 4054:ISBN 4027:2015 4001:2015 3979:2014 3953:2009 3931:2009 3901:2009 3876:.org 3784:2022 3758:link 3744:2022 3718:link 3704:2022 3660:2022 3634:2021 3587:2016 3538:2017 3513:2012 3451:2013 3425:2017 3400:2018 3374:2016 3327:2016 3305:2018 3252:2016 3230:2016 3208:2016 3186:2016 3157:2016 3135:2024 3108:2022 3081:2012 3068:ISBN 3038:2016 2909:OS X 2874:OS X 2635:and 2633:free 2587:and 2547:and 2502:Vuze 2500:and 2489:and 2468:OS X 2445:musl 2406:and 2297:and 2255:SCTP 2188:and 2160:JAXP 2156:XSLT 2144:Perl 2082:(an 2074:, a 1939:Java 1818:Mesa 1766:NeXT 1758:NeWS 1718:1996 1691:1997 1676:, a 1665:1998 1642:2000 1620:2002 1582:2004 1563:2006 1540:2011 1521:2014 1502:2017 1487:2018 1472:2018 1453:2019 1435:2019 1423:for 1419:and 1412:2020 1393:2020 1370:2021 1352:2021 1336:Java 1290:(or 1286:The 1263:The 1244:The 1189:and 1166:– a 1158:Java 1142:– a 1134:Ruby 1132:– a 1118:Gosu 1054:and 1037:and 901:Java 895:The 815:and 761:APIs 757:Java 749:and 745:for 612:Java 526:and 518:and 496:Ruby 457:HTML 443:and 435:and 409:Java 377:.com 375:java 364:.com 325:Type 234:Java 8711:Vim 8528:B4X 8408:IDE 8317:Vim 8132:PHP 7948:CLI 7914:Vim 7669:C++ 7584:By 7496:Vim 7405:C++ 7075:ZFS 7070:QFS 7029:xVM 6962:ZFS 6957:NFS 6945:NIS 6720:Ray 6683:15K 6678:12K 6577:IPX 6572:IPC 6169:GWT 6123:JSF 6118:JSP 6004:JVM 4969:"?" 4117:124 3872:www 2687:). 2680:GPL 2625:Sun 2321:LTS 2228:GUI 2210:'s 2152:XML 1951:Oak 1878:SGI 1832:Oak 1787:in 1715:1.0 1688:1.1 1212:J++ 1154:JVM 1068:or 827:or 588:IBM 520:C++ 480:Ada 439:to 384:dev 282:x64 238:C++ 148:LTS 45:or 9139:: 8694:Go 7667:, 7492:Vi 7403:, 6644:80 6639:60 6634:30 6629:24 6624:10 6587:ZX 6582:LX 6567:20 6562:10 6376:, 5934:. 5877:42 5853:. 5835:. 5817:. 5791:. 5770:. 5752:. 5733:. 5612:. 5466:. 5444:. 5372:. 5345:. 5059:. 4971:. 4952:. 4866:. 4841:. 4808:. 4791:. 4754:. 4729:. 4704:. 4679:. 4654:. 4629:. 4603:. 4577:. 4556:. 4545:. 4527:. 4509:. 4469:. 4429:. 4380:. 4267:. 4213:. 4200:. 4182:. 4170:. 4144:. 4119:. 4080:. 4068:^ 4052:. 3969:. 3909:^ 3891:. 3856:. 3754:}} 3750:{{ 3714:}} 3710:{{ 3625:. 3595:^ 3570:^ 3546:^ 3529:. 3441:. 3416:. 3391:. 3356:^ 3346:. 3335:^ 3295:. 3291:. 3269:. 3176:. 3165:^ 3124:. 3097:. 3066:. 3062:. 2540:. 2516:. 2299:10 2192:. 2184:, 2180:, 2166:. 2146:, 2120:, 1973:. 1840:OS 1706:, 1702:, 1698:, 1672:, 1627:, 1609:, 1605:, 1601:, 1597:, 1593:, 1551:, 1547:, 1484:10 1469:11 1450:12 1432:13 1409:14 1400:, 1390:15 1377:, 1367:16 1349:17 1259:: 1252:. 961:. 779:. 669:: 590:, 586:, 558:. 510:. 502:, 486:, 482:, 447:. 296:, 292:, 284:, 264:, 260:, 244:, 240:, 236:, 80:, 8898:e 8891:t 8884:v 8386:, 8221:R 7954:) 7950:( 7884:) 7869:) 7859:) 7849:) 7494:– 7401:C 7385:e 7378:t 7371:v 6619:5 6614:2 6609:1 6557:5 6552:4 6547:2 6542:1 6474:e 6467:t 6460:v 5982:e 5975:t 5968:v 5938:. 5925:) 5917:( 5912:) 5881:) 5874:( 5857:. 5839:. 5821:. 5803:. 5737:. 5718:. 5695:. 5672:. 5650:. 5623:. 5598:. 5572:. 5545:. 5518:. 5496:. 5430:. 5408:. 5383:. 5357:. 5331:. 5314:. 5288:. 5262:. 5239:. 5213:. 5171:. 5157:. 5143:. 5129:. 5115:. 5093:. 5071:. 5045:. 5023:. 5001:. 4956:. 4937:. 4922:. 4896:. 4882:. 4852:. 4812:. 4765:. 4740:. 4715:. 4690:. 4665:. 4640:. 4615:. 4589:. 4531:. 4513:. 4495:. 4473:. 4455:. 4414:. 4392:. 4366:. 4344:. 4322:. 4300:. 4278:. 4155:. 4129:. 4096:. 4062:. 4029:. 4003:. 3981:. 3955:. 3933:. 3903:. 3860:. 3828:. 3800:. 3786:. 3760:) 3746:. 3720:) 3706:. 3662:. 3636:. 3589:. 3564:. 3540:. 3515:. 3453:. 3427:. 3402:. 3376:. 3350:. 3329:. 3307:. 3254:. 3232:. 3210:. 3188:. 3159:. 3137:. 3110:. 3083:. 3040:. 2928:" 2796:( 2777:C 2278:( 2222:( 1746:C 1662:2 1639:3 1617:4 1579:5 1560:6 1537:7 1518:8 1499:9 1083:) 949:( 930:. 891:. 801:. 730:. 716:. 516:C 368:/ 242:C 214:) 195:) 177:) 159:) 136:) 112:) 49:. 38:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Knowledge

Java (software platform)

Index