1985:
49:
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447:, a profession which would have meant abandoning his family religion, Wilson decided instead to learn business, and at the age of sixteen became an apprentice in a hat factory. Later, his father bought the business for him and his elder brother, William. When James Wilson was nineteen, the brothers left Scotland and migrated to London, with a gift of
536:, and acted as Chief editor and sole proprietor for sixteen years. His overarching goal to end vested interests in the Westminster parliament wherever these led to poverty or starvation, as the Corn Laws most notably had done. An article Wilson published in April 1848 in opposition to the
548:
is still published today, now with a weekly circulation of over 1.6 million globally. Wilson was the most respected statistician of his times and saw economics as an optimistic and rational way of mediating socially sustainable futures drawing on the
Scottish School of
412:" of 1857, he presented India's first budget, and was responsible for the government accounting system, Pay Office, and audit, apart from government paper currency, Indian Police, a Military Finance Commission, and a Civil Finance Commission.
2552:
432:
father
William Wilson owned a hat manufactury, and his ancestors were local sheep farmers. He was the fourth of fifteen children, of whom ten reached adulthood. His mother died when James was young.
1504:
808:
408:. He was the first Finance Member of the Viceroy's Executive Council from December 1859 until his death in August 1860. Sent there to put order into the chaos that followed the "
2098:
464:
The brothers established a manufacturing factory—Wilson, Irwin & Wilson—that they dissolved in 1831. Wilson continued in the same line of business with much success (his
2467:
2462:
2457:
1649:
1539:
1066:
2447:
1744:
1574:
443:
but hated it so much that he "would rather to be the most menial servant in father's mill". After considering studying law with a view to becoming an
2427:
1679:
1699:
1464:
1037:
1859:
1210:
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626:
2432:
1754:
1629:
1479:
1449:
1439:
1414:
1348:
201:
636:. He was sent by Queen Victoria to India to establish the tax structure, a new paper currency, and remodel India's finance system after the
468:
was £25,000 in 1837, equivalent to £2,869,419 in 2023. During the economic crisis of 1837, he lost most of his wealth when the price of
2198:
2016:
598:
473:
397:
104:
17:
1020:
1434:
1389:
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2067:
1749:
1719:
1684:
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1331:
189:
910:
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249:
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108:
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928:
622:
144:
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610:
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71:
516:. It slowly received positive feedback and Wilson's fame had grown. He then went on writing on currency, and especially
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2347:
1949:
1689:
1654:
1419:
1409:
602:
2542:
2149:
1879:
1814:
1589:
1524:
1269:
792:
582:
237:
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2009:
1874:
1709:
1674:
1529:
1155:
740:
347:
1774:
1714:
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1569:
1494:
1382:
659:. His grave was discovered in 2007 by CP Bhatia, a joint commissioner of Income Tax, while researching a book on
640:. However, he was in office only a year before he died. In 1860, he refused to leave the stifling summer heat of
2311:
2512:
1899:
632:
In August 1859, Wilson resigned these offices and his seat in parliament to sit as the financial member of the
578:
227:
165:
92:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2502:
2487:
2053:
1599:
1188:
986:
950:
690:
Influences of the corn laws, as affecting all classes of the community, and particularly the landed interests
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2093:
2063:
1164:
2437:
2383:
2221:
2193:
2123:
2108:
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2002:
1283:
472:
fell. By 1839, he had sold most of his property and avoided bankruptcy. However, in 1853 he founded the
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1894:
1375:
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1484:
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1311:
1304:
132:
120:
1128:
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2083:
2078:
2073:
2058:
1634:
1454:
663:
history. Due to the efforts of CP Bhatia the tombstone was restored by the
Christian Burial Board.
637:
566:
477:
401:
914:
481:
2291:
1969:
1609:
58:
1113:
2306:
2231:
2188:
1884:
1243:
1109:
510:
Influences of the Corn Laws, as affecting all classes of the community, and particularly the
1000:
2442:
2422:
2417:
1514:
1367:
1225:
1202:
858:
652:
444:
36:
8:
1974:
1624:
1564:
752:
736:
672:
522:
48:
2326:
2296:
2025:
1005:
586:
570:
405:
387:
351:
696:
Fluctuations of currency, commerce, and manufactures : referable to the corn laws
1819:
1769:
1398:
1338:
1137:
1021:
business-standard.com "In
British times, the opium trade protected people from taxes"
980:
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838:
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554:
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139:
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633:
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2316:
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2159:
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1844:
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1734:
756:
511:
383:
1133:
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2203:
2139:
1944:
1904:
1889:
1854:
833:
Bagehot, Walter. "Memoir of Right Hon. James Wilson". In
Forrest Morgan (ed.).
676:
537:
448:
1075:
651:
Despite his prominent public role, Wilson was buried unknown at a cemetery at
577:, Wiltshire, in 1847. Due to his economic experience, in 1848, prime minister
2411:
2144:
1939:
1914:
1669:
1639:
1614:
1509:
1292:
1060:
590:
528:
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392:
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in
January 1832. They had six daughters, of whom Eliza, the eldest, married
2553:
Members of the
Parliament of the United Kingdom for constituencies in Devon
2274:
1954:
1934:
1919:
1909:
1519:
1499:
440:
409:
715:"A Scotchman inside every man. (James Wilson, founder of The Economist)".
2216:
1964:
1959:
1849:
1839:
1834:
1824:
1804:
1789:
1459:
1278:
1258:
809:"From Hawick to Hawick: The story of The Economist founder James Wilson"
1929:
1924:
550:
533:
436:
593:, a post he held until the government fell in 1852. He then served as
1994:
645:
541:
501:
465:
1042:
founder James Wilson gets facelift ahead of 150th death anniversary"
505:
320:
53:
A portrait of James Wilson by Sir John Wilson Gordon, published in
1123:
656:
641:
1038:"Taxman rediscovers father of taxation – Mullickbazar grave of
469:
429:
421:
299:
965:"leighrayment.com "House of Commons: Devizes to Dorset West""
1397:
929:"leighrayment.com "House of Commons: Waterloo to West Looe""
57:. The portrait was presented to Mrs Wilson in 1859, by the
1107:
439:
scholar from a Quaker family, he was destined to be a
520:. He started to write for newspapers, including the
2468:
19th-century
Scottish newspaper publishers (people)
751:
625:between June and August 1859, and was sworn of the
617:. He again briefly held office under Palmerston as
2463:Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
1059:
2458:Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
544:for misunderstanding profit and the working day.
2409:
492:Wilson was generally opposed to privileging the
451:2,000 each, equivalent to £222,306 in 2023.
1118:. Vol. 3. Blackie and Son. pp. 542–6.
967:. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017
518:The Revenue; or, What should the Chancellor do?
758:The Pursuit of Reason: The Economist 1843–1993
55:The Pursuit of Reason: The Economist 1843–1993
27:Scottish businessman, economist and politician
2010:
1383:
1115:A biographical dictionary of eminent Scotsmen
648:, and died in August of that year at age 55.
613:. In 1857, he was returned to Parliament for
2199:Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China
1070:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
474:Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China
398:Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China
1129:contributions in Parliament by James Wilson
802:
800:
208:Finance Member, Viceroy's Executive Council
2448:British business and financial journalists
2017:
2003:
1390:
1376:
931:. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009
84:5 January 1853 – 21 February 1858
1057:
806:
761:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business Press.
2428:19th-century British publishers (people)
1399:Paymasters General of the United Kingdom
999:
797:
553:and the French "Entrepreneur" School of
1270:Joint Secretary of the Board of Control
1067:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
219:December 1859 – 11 August 1860
14:
2410:
2024:
911:"The Economist circulation statistics"
500:when it was proposed in 1853, and the
157:18 June 1859 – 12 August 1859
2498:Scottish magazine publishers (people)
1998:
1371:
835:The collected works of Walter Bagehot
382:(3 June 1805 – 11 August 1860) was a
2433:19th-century Scottish businesspeople
2390:
1358:Vice-President of the Board of Trade
894:
728:
726:
671:Wilson married Elizabeth Preston of
623:Vice-President of the Board of Trade
145:Vice-President of the Board of Trade
1312:Financial Secretary to the Treasury
832:
595:Financial Secretary to the Treasury
72:Financial Secretary to the Treasury
24:
597:between 1853 and 1858, firstly in
25:
2569:
2533:United Kingdom Paymasters General
2150:Standard Chartered Bank of Canada
1101:
807:Sreekumar, G. (20 January 2021).
723:
583:Secretary of the Board of Control
238:Charles Canning, 1st Earl Canning
2558:Politicians from Plymouth, Devon
2538:19th-century British journalists
2389:
2378:
2377:
2253:Standard Chartered Bank Building
2172:
1983:
1156:Parliament of the United Kingdom
47:
1051:
1030:
1013:
993:
957:
921:
903:
899:. London: Penguin. p. 338.
532:as a newspaper to campaign for
1143:Works by or about James Wilson
888:
876:
851:
826:
775:
745:
708:
476:, which later merged with the
13:
1:
2054:Standard Chartered Bangladesh
1009:. 18 June 1859. p. 2401.
859:"Inflation and the 2% target"
701:
487:
415:
2099:Standard Chartered Sri Lanka
2094:Standard Chartered Singapore
2064:Standard Chartered Hong Kong
1091:UK public library membership
386:businessman, economist, and
18:James Wilson (UK politician)
7:
2473:Scottish newspaper founders
2194:Bank of British West Africa
2124:Standard Chartered Zimbabwe
2109:Standard Chartered Thailand
2104:Standard Chartered Tanzania
2089:Standard Chartered Pakistan
2049:International Bank of Qatar
560:
459:
10:
2574:
2213:Hsinchu International Bank
1058:Hamburger, Joseph (2004).
837:. Vol. 4. Routledge.
787:(Harvester, Sussex, 1976)
2548:Standard Chartered people
2493:Scottish magazine editors
2356:
2340:
2284:
2261:
2240:
2181:
2170:
2132:
2119:Standard Chartered Zambia
2114:Standard Chartered Uganda
2041:
2032:
1981:
1405:
1355:
1345:
1336:
1328:
1322:George Alexander Hamilton
1318:
1309:
1305:George Alexander Hamilton
1301:
1289:
1267:
1255:
1250:
1244:Sir Arthur William Buller
1236:
1209:Member of Parliament for
1207:
1195:
1185:
1171:Member of Parliament for
1169:
1161:
1154:
985:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
949:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
666:
573:Member of Parliament for
526:. In 1843 he established
454:
435:A successful disciplined
373:
365:
357:
343:
335:
327:
306:
302:, Roxburghshire, Scotland
286:
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150:
138:
133:George Alexander Hamilton
126:
121:George Alexander Hamilton
114:
98:
88:
77:
70:
66:
46:
34:
2543:British male journalists
2084:Standard Chartered Nepal
2079:Standard Chartered Korea
2074:Standard Chartered Kenya
2059:Standard Chartered Ghana
784:Who's Who of British MPs
682:
2312:Liverpool Football Club
2277:(Group Chief Executive)
813:Business Standard India
585:, which supervised the
482:Standard Chartered Bank
390:politician who founded
250:The Viscount Palmerston
234:Governor‑General
178:The Viscount Palmerston
109:The Viscount Palmerston
2292:Greatest Race on Earth
1263:George Cornewall Lewis
59:Royal Scottish Academy
2513:The Economist editors
2307:Kuala Lumpur Marathon
2189:American Express Bank
1134:Works by James Wilson
1076:10.1093/ref:odnb/1029
2503:Scottish politicians
2488:Scottish journalists
1226:Thomas Erskine Perry
1203:Thomas Erskine Perry
1189:Sir Massey Lopes, Bt
719:. 11 September 1993.
611:first administration
603:coalition government
581:appointed Wilson as
400:, which merged with
262:Position established
105:The Earl of Aberdeen
37:The Right Honourable
2483:Scottish economists
2348:Seeing is Believing
1349:Hon. William Cowper
1240:Sir Michael Seymour
1231:Sir Michael Seymour
1199:Sir George Berkeley
1165:Sir Ralph Lopes, Bt
1027:, 4 September 2009.
895:Marx, Karl (1976).
863:bankofengland.co.uk
753:Ruth Dudley Edwards
737:Ruth Dudley Edwards
673:Newcastle-upon-Tyne
565:Wilson entered the
523:Manchester Guardian
420:Wilson was born in
202:Hon. William Cowper
2438:People from Hawick
2327:Singapore Marathon
2297:Hong Kong Marathon
2026:Standard Chartered
1251:Political offices
1108:Chambers, Robert;
1019:Ishita Ayan Dutt,
1006:The London Gazette
917:on 3 January 2013.
587:East India Company
540:was criticised by
406:Standard Chartered
2453:British milliners
2405:
2404:
2168:
2167:
1992:
1991:
1455:Pleydell-Bouverie
1366:
1365:
1346:Succeeded by
1339:Paymaster General
1319:Succeeded by
1290:Succeeded by
1274:1848–1852
1237:Succeeded by
1186:Succeeded by
1138:Project Gutenberg
1089:(Subscription or
1048:, 11 August 2009.
1025:Business Standard
844:978-0-415-13154-4
781:Michael Stenton,
768:978-0-87584-608-8
638:Rebellion of 1857
619:Paymaster General
579:Lord John Russell
555:Jean-Baptiste Say
494:Church of England
377:
376:
361:Elizabeth Preston
140:Paymaster General
16:(Redirected from
2565:
2528:UK MPs 1857–1859
2523:UK MPs 1852–1857
2518:UK MPs 1847–1852
2508:Scottish Quakers
2478:Scottish bankers
2393:
2392:
2381:
2380:
2372:
2332:Singapore Sevens
2322:Nairobi Marathon
2271:(Group Chairman)
2248:Six Battery Road
2176:
2039:
2038:
2019:
2012:
2005:
1996:
1995:
1987:
1986:
1392:
1385:
1378:
1369:
1368:
1329:Preceded by
1302:Preceded by
1284:Hon. John Elliot
1256:Preceded by
1196:Preceded by
1162:Preceded by
1152:
1151:
1147:Internet Archive
1119:
1095:
1094:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1063:
1061:"Walter Bagehot"
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918:
913:. Archived from
907:
901:
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897:Capital Volume 1
892:
886:
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874:
873:
871:
869:
855:
849:
848:
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779:
773:
772:
749:
743:
730:
721:
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712:
634:Council of India
605:and secondly in
567:House of Commons
426:Scottish Borders
404:in 1969 to form
317:
315:
297:
295:
282:Personal details
273:Sir Samuel Laing
270:
258:
246:
217:
198:
186:
174:
155:
129:
117:
101:
82:
51:
32:
31:
21:
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2566:
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2562:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2401:
2360:
2352:
2336:
2317:Mumbai Marathon
2302:Jersey Marathon
2280:
2257:
2236:
2177:
2164:
2155:Chartered Trust
2128:
2034:
2028:
2023:
1993:
1988:
1984:
1979:
1885:Heathcoat-Amory
1610:Compton-Rickett
1401:
1396:
1361:
1351:
1342:
1334:
1324:
1315:
1307:
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1295:
1282:
1275:
1273:
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1261:
1246:
1242:
1229:
1222:
1214:
1205:
1201:
1191:
1176:
1167:
1110:Thomson, Thomas
1104:
1099:
1098:
1088:
1080:
1078:
1056:
1052:
1046:Telegraph India
1035:
1031:
1018:
1014:
998:
994:
978:
977:
970:
968:
963:
962:
958:
942:
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904:
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877:
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776:
769:
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746:
731:
724:
714:
713:
709:
704:
685:
669:
629:the same year.
607:Lord Palmerston
563:
490:
462:
457:
418:
396:weekly and the
350:
344:Political party
319:
313:
311:
298:
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28:
23:
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15:
12:
11:
5:
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2209:Grindlays Bank
2206:
2204:Colesberg Bank
2201:
2196:
2191:
2185:
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2179:
2178:
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2169:
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2140:Allahabad Bank
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2030:
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2014:
2007:
1999:
1990:
1989:
1982:
1980:
1978:
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1975:Thomas-Symonds
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
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1937:
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1787:
1785:Boyd-Carpenter
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1635:Boyd-Carpenter
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2131:
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2110:
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2060:
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2040:
2037:
2033:Divisions and
2031:
2027:
2020:
2015:
2013:
2008:
2006:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
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1748:
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1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
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1708:
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1703:
1701:
1698:
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1678:
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1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1630:Joynson-Hicks
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
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1379:
1374:
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1370:
1360:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1341:
1340:
1333:
1327:
1323:
1314:
1313:
1306:
1300:
1296:Charles Bruce
1294:
1293:Henry Baillie
1287:
1285:
1280:
1272:
1271:
1264:
1260:
1254:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1234:
1232:
1227:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1204:
1200:
1194:
1190:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1166:
1160:
1157:
1153:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1105:
1092:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1062:
1054:
1047:
1043:
1041:
1033:
1026:
1022:
1016:
1008:
1007:
1002:
996:
988:
982:
966:
960:
952:
946:
930:
924:
916:
912:
906:
898:
891:
885:15 April 1848
884:
883:The Economist
879:
864:
860:
854:
846:
840:
836:
829:
814:
810:
803:
801:
794:
793:0-85527-219-8
790:
786:
785:
778:
770:
764:
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759:
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748:
742:
738:
734:
729:
727:
718:
717:The Economist
711:
707:
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664:
662:
658:
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653:Mullick Bazar
649:
647:
644:, contracted
643:
639:
635:
630:
628:
627:Privy Council
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
599:Lord Aberdeen
596:
592:
591:British India
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
558:
556:
552:
547:
546:The Economist
543:
539:
535:
531:
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529:The Economist
525:
524:
519:
515:
513:
507:
504:. He wrote a
503:
499:
498:secret ballot
495:
485:
483:
479:
478:Standard Bank
475:
471:
467:
452:
450:
446:
442:
438:
433:
431:
427:
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411:
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402:Standard Bank
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393:The Economist
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206:
203:
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194:
191:
188:
182:
179:
176:
170:
167:
164:
160:
154:
149:
146:
141:
137:
134:
131:
125:
122:
119:
113:
110:
106:
103:
97:
94:
91:
87:
81:
76:
73:
69:
65:
60:
56:
50:
45:
38:
33:
30:
19:
2394:
2382:
2369:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2362:Nationalized
2361:
2285:Sponsorships
2275:Bill Winters
2222:Eastern Bank
2217:P&O Bank
2182:Predecessors
2035:subsidiaries
1794:
1759:
1724:
1704:
1694:
1664:
1644:
1619:
1474:
1356:
1337:
1332:Lord Lovaine
1310:
1277:
1268:
1224:
1208:
1170:
1122:
1114:
1079:. Retrieved
1065:
1053:
1045:
1039:
1032:
1024:
1015:
1004:
995:
969:. Retrieved
959:
933:. Retrieved
923:
915:the original
905:
896:
890:
882:
878:
866:. Retrieved
862:
853:
834:
828:
816:. Retrieved
812:
783:
777:
757:
747:
733:James Wilson
732:
716:
710:
688:
670:
650:
631:
564:
545:
527:
521:
517:
509:
491:
463:
441:schoolmaster
434:
419:
410:Sepoy Mutiny
391:
380:James Wilson
379:
378:
269:Succeeded by
261:
214:
197:Succeeded by
190:Lord Lovaine
152:
128:Succeeded by
79:
54:
41:James Wilson
29:
2443:Anglo-Scots
2423:1860 deaths
2418:1805 births
2269:José Viñals
1625:Chamberlain
1575:Marlborough
1565:Seale-Hayne
1465:Donoughmore
1279:Thomas Wyse
1259:Thomas Wyse
1127:1803–2005:
1001:"No. 22276"
971:5 September
935:5 September
818:8 September
661:India's tax
336:Nationality
328:Citizenship
290:3 June 1805
257:Preceded by
185:Preceded by
116:Preceded by
2412:Categories
2262:Management
2232:Union Bank
1800:Shackleton
1650:Sutherland
1445:Colchester
1420:Knatchbull
1316:1853–1858
1286:1849–1852
1093:required.)
1081:25 January
741:Oxford DNB
702:References
551:Adam Smith
534:free trade
488:Journalism
437:autodidact
416:Early life
314:1860-08-12
294:1805-06-03
1925:B. Gummer
1905:Primarolo
1865:Caithness
1860:P. Brooke
1850:J. Gummer
1845:Parkinson
1820:Macmillan
1780:H. Brooke
1745:Macdonald
1730:Greenwood
1700:Cranborne
1690:Winterton
1680:Hutchison
1675:Rochester
1605:Henderson
1545:Beauchamp
1535:Beauchamp
1530:Wolverton
1435:Granville
1281:1848–1849
1228:1857–1859
1211:Devonport
1040:Economist
646:dysentery
615:Devonport
542:Karl Marx
514:interests
502:Corn Laws
484:in 1969.
466:net worth
215:In office
153:In office
80:In office
2384:Category
2366:Spun off
2160:20Twenty
2068:Mox Bank
1945:Mordaunt
1915:F. Maude
1900:Robinson
1890:Willetts
1875:Belstead
1835:A. Maude
1830:Williams
1770:Maulding
1765:Monckton
1750:Cherwell
1735:Marquand
1720:Cherwell
1595:Strachie
1580:Crossley
1570:Hopetoun
1550:Brownlow
1510:Childers
1505:Dufferin
1430:Macaulay
1173:Westbury
1112:(1870).
981:cite web
945:cite web
755:(1993).
642:Calcutta
575:Westbury
561:Politics
506:pamphlet
480:to form
460:Business
445:advocate
384:Scottish
366:Children
321:Calcutta
228:Victoria
166:Victoria
93:Victoria
2396:Commons
2042:Current
1920:Hancock
1755:Selkirk
1740:Addison
1685:Munster
1670:Walters
1640:Gosling
1615:Walters
1585:Causton
1560:Windsor
1540:Thurlow
1525:Plunket
1495:Monsell
1490:Goschen
1470:Lovaine
1450:Stanley
1440:Stanley
1415:Stanley
1410:Parnell
1145:at the
1124:Hansard
868:2 April
657:Kolkata
571:Liberal
508:titled
424:in the
388:Liberal
352:Liberal
339:British
323:, India
312: (
292: (
224:Monarch
162:Monarch
89:Monarch
2241:Places
2133:Former
1940:Dowden
1935:Norman
1930:Stride
1910:Jowell
1855:Clarke
1815:Eccles
1795:vacant
1760:vacant
1725:vacant
1715:Jowitt
1710:Hankey
1705:vacant
1695:vacant
1665:vacant
1660:Arnold
1655:Onslow
1645:vacant
1620:vacant
1600:Newton
1555:Jersey
1480:Cowper
1475:Wilson
1425:Baring
1276:With:
1223:With:
1087:
841:
791:
765:
667:Family
512:landed
496:, the
470:indigo
455:Career
430:Quaker
428:. His
422:Hawick
358:Spouse
300:Hawick
2341:Other
1960:Philp
1955:Argar
1950:Ellis
1895:Bates
1870:Ryder
1810:Lever
1775:Mills
1590:Ashby
1362:1859
1343:1859
1233:1859
683:Works
2370:Sold
1970:Glen
1965:Quin
1880:Cope
1825:Dell
1805:Hart
1790:Wigg
1520:Cave
1515:Adam
1500:Cave
1485:Hutt
1460:Lowe
1220:1859
1216:1857
1182:1857
1178:1847
1083:2017
987:link
973:2009
951:link
937:2009
870:2020
839:ISBN
820:2021
789:ISBN
763:ISBN
621:and
348:Whig
307:Died
287:Born
142:and
1840:Pym
1136:at
1072:doi
739:in
735:by
655:in
609:'s
601:'s
569:as
2414::
1218:–
1180:–
1064:.
1044:,
1023:,
1003:.
983:}}
979:{{
947:}}
943:{{
861:.
811:.
799:^
725:^
679:.
557:.
2070:)
2066:(
2018:e
2011:t
2004:v
1391:e
1384:t
1377:v
1085:.
1074::
989:)
975:.
953:)
939:.
872:.
847:.
822:.
771:.
449:£
369:6
316:)
296:)
61:.
20:)
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