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564:, who subsequently fired on them. FitzGibbon and his force, in consequence of this friendly-fire, were forced to withdraw. However, as argued by American historian John R. Elting, the strategy that FitzGibbon was using (in seeking to attack the weakened left flank) against the Americans would likely have been successful in achieving a divisive victory for Drummond if Drummond has concentrated the majority of his troops on the left flank itself.
27:
492:, at the Fort itself. However, it appears that FitzGibbon was not, as there is a notable lack of evidence within FitzGibbon's official biography of any presence or action of James; it is likely that if a figure held in such high historical esteem as FitzGibbon was present at the battle, this information would be readily available.
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have enabled him to penetrate the ranks of office in the army or government". Nevertheless, FitzGibbon is still noted as being "a conscientious, capable, and zealous public servant until he became overburdened with debt and grew obsessed by the injustice of the long delay in granting him his well-earned reward".
666:
The day after the Battle of
Montgomery's Tavern, FitzGibbon would resign as acting adjutant general of the Upper Canadian militia following Sir Francis Bond Head's "treatment" to FitzGibbon - that likely being Head's decision to first have MacNab lead the troops over FitzGibbon. Note that FitzGibbon
388:
FitzGibbon's biography notes him essentially as having been an extremely effective man in his career who was cheated of any real reward beyond recognition. FitzGibbon was "intensely loyal (to the crown) and had a keen mind, but lacked the formal education, wealth, and social background that would
662:
as he had to equip and form about 1200 volunteers the next morning, and had no experience organizing troops for battle. FitzGibbon would retire to his office, fall on his knees in prayer, and accomplish his task following restored post-prayer composure. The battle was won and both the physical
689:
FitzGibbon's physician - Dr. William Winder - said of him in 1845 that his character essentially flipped: "FitzGibbon was temperament, highly sanguine and nervous" which along with "disappointments and distresses of no ordinary character" had come to produce "a state of mental irritation,
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but his part was not effective. FitzGibbon and his
Glengarry Light Infantry Fencibles were attacking the left flank of the opposing American forces when both he and his troops were mistaken as American soldiers themselves by regular troops under the command of Lieutenant-General
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pay their settlement to
Mackenzie. Mackenzie would claim that FitzGibbon's appointment as clerk of the House of Assembly came as reward for this action, and would select FitzGibbon as "a prime example of government patronage". He denied accusations by Francis Collins in the
620:
sent FitzGibbon to negotiate an end to riots in the
Bathurst District of York between Irish settlers and previous residents. A year later newspapers in Upper Canada questioned the loyalty of Irish immigrants and FitzGibbon wrote editorials defending the immigrants.
681:
In May 1838, the citizens of
Toronto held a public meeting and expressed gratitude in FitzGibbon for "rescuing them from the horrors of a civil war". They would propose a gift in his honour in the form of a money donation, but this money never materialized.
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It is noted that the
Rebellion of 1837 in Upper Canada brought out "the peak of FitzGibbon's career" and he would be made the acting adjutant-general of militia in Upper Canada, but FitzGibbon would retire the day after the
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After various proposals, ignored appeals, and rejections for giving a monetary gift to FitzGibbon, finally a sum of 1000 British pounds would be given to him - but this amount was only half the total of FitzGibbon's debts.
485:
1910:
1813:
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FitzGibbon married his one and only wife, Mary Haley, in 1814. They would have five children together - four sons and one daughter - with the daughter "living beyond infancy".
385:
submitted to the
British government in 1847 that he and his actions had "saved Upper Canada for the Empire" during the Rebellions of 1837–1838, but nothing came from it.
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In August 1812, FitzGibbon escorted a brigade of ships holding military stores from
Montreal to Kingston, going through "the rapids" (the "International Rapids") of the
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After the Battle of Beaver Dams, FitzGibbon would operate almost exclusively in reconnaissance and observing the movement of the
American troops.
1753:
1895:
1890:
746:. The book follows his interactions with fictional character Thomas Roberts, whom he takes under his wing during the events surrounding the
704:. There, FitzGibbon lived on a small allowance, in comfortable quarters provided by the crown, using his Canadian pension to pay off debts.
696:
He moved to
England in 1847 after the death of his wife Mary Haley, with whom he had four sons and a daughter. In 1850 he was appointed a
628:
in Upper Canada as deputy provincial grand master. The next position up - provincial grand master - would have to be retained in England.
1935:
1620:
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The Bank of Upper Canada would threaten to sue FitzGibbon for money borrowed to pay off creditors, but the threat was never carried out.
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that Maitland contributed to the fund but did not deny his involvement or contributions from other government administrators.
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and became a clerk in the office of the Adjutant-General of the militia. He was later promoted to Assistant Adjutant-General.
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warriors, defeated the Americans and took 462 prisoners. The victory made FitzGibbon a popular hero and he was promoted to
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502:
In January 1813, FitzGibbon led 45 sleighs holding needed supplies from Kingston to Niagara through the Canadian winter.
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got the plunder and FitzGibbon got the credit". This was also the battle wherein FitzGibbon would receive warning from
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of 1837, FitzGibbon was appointed Acting Adjutant-General of Militia. He organised and led the forces that defended
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FitzGibbon was retired on pension in 1846 following his "virtual transformation of the Office into a sinecure".
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that the lieutenant-governor thought Canadians were disloyal and ungrateful British subjects. In 1824 the
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building of Montgomery's Tavern and the home of a rebel named David Gibson were burned to the ground.
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1530:"Biography – FitzGIBBON, JAMES – Volume IX (1861-1870) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography"
1505:"Biography – FitzGIBBON, JAMES – Volume IX (1861-1870) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography"
1480:"Biography – FitzGIBBON, JAMES – Volume IX (1861-1870) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography"
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1405:"Biography – FitzGIBBON, JAMES – Volume IX (1861-1870) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography"
1380:"Biography – FitzGIBBON, JAMES – Volume IX (1861-1870) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography"
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896:"Biography – FitzGIBBON, JAMES – Volume IX (1861-1870) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography"
871:"Biography – FitzGIBBON, JAMES – Volume IX (1861-1870) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography"
846:"Biography – FitzGIBBON, JAMES – Volume IX (1861-1870) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography"
821:"Biography – FitzGIBBON, JAMES – Volume IX (1861-1870) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography"
768:"Biography – FitzGIBBON, JAMES – Volume IX (1861-1870) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography"
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James held many titles with Upper Canadian society after the War of 1812, and before the
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on 22 June about an impending surprise attack by 500 American troops. This led to the
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From 1822 to 1826, FitzGibbon held the position of highest-ranking member of the
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405:'s Yeomanry Corps at age 15. Three years later, he joined the Tarbert Infantry
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1071:"McKenzie, Ruth. INGERSOLL, LAURA (Secord), Dictionary of Canadian Biography"
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313:(16 November 1780 – 10 December 1863) was a public servant, prominent
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FitzGibbon was a founding member of the York Mechanics' Institute in 1831.
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In 2003 his descendants donated some of his personal effects, including a
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would be the one to lead the troops after "vigorous protesting" to Head.
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449:. He apparently played a key role in the suppression of a near-mutiny at
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treatment". This "treatment" was likely Head's preferential choosing of
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In 1826, FitzGibbon initiated a campaign to help the defendants of the
473:
464:, made him an officer. This was extremely unusual at the time as most
409:, an Irish home service regiment, from which he was recruited into the
974:"McKenzie, Ruth. FITZGIBBON, JAMES, Dictionary of Canadian Biography"
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over FitzGibbon first in leading the attack on Montgomery's Tavern.
26:
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469:
446:
1596:
Historica’s Heritage Minute video docudrama about “Laura Secord.”
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who received messages of warning from two Canadian folk heroes:
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prostration, and despondency, plus loss of memory" in the man.
488:(though without its modern renaming) - were present during the
326:
168:
453:, but there is no mention of this in his official biography.
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as a private soldier. He first fought in battle in 1799 at
382:
An appeal to the people of the late province of Upper Canada
349:
583:(Norton's troops, aka the Kahnawake) got the victory, the
509:
on 6 June 1813. Three weeks later, he led 50 soldiers in
397:
Born to Garrett (Gerald) FitzGibbon and Mary Widenham in
1330:
Muddy York Mud: Scandal & Scurrility in Upper Canada
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Muddy York Mud: Scandal & Scurrility in Upper Canada
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Muddy York Mud: Scandal & Scurrility in Upper Canada
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Muddy York Mud: Scandal & Scurrility in Upper Canada
1147:
Muddy York Mud: Scandal & Scurrility in Upper Canada
484:
The "main body" of FitzGibbon's enlisted regiment - the
1911:
British Army personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars
658:
FitzGibbon would suffer a mental breakdown before the
571:, a local legend was created (perhaps by Mohawk Chief
533:, where FitzGibbon's force, together with about 400
750:,he was severely wounded in The book but survived.
468:. Later the same year he was appointed regimental
317:from 1822 to 1826 (holding the highest position in
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
609:In 1818, FitzGibbon responded to accusations from
321:of deputy provincial grand master), member of the
1635:
996:"An outstanding soldier, but his career cost him"
1872:
994:Villemaire, Tom; Network, Special to Postmedia.
1333:. Toronto: Curiosity House. pp. 131–132.
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579:) and lamented through a piece of prose: "The
325:, and an Irish soldier in the British Army in
1852:Mackenzie, William Lyon (19 September 1833).
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711:in 1863 and is buried there in the crypt of
379:FitzGibbon would argue in a pamphlet called
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472:. In 1809, he was promoted to the rank of
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1916:British Army personnel of the War of 1812
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1281:. Toronto: Curiosity House. p. 131.
1229:. Toronto: Curiosity House. p. 135.
1202:. Toronto: Curiosity House. p. 133.
1150:. Toronto: Curiosity House. p. 134.
513:raids on a large American force that had
421:, the Netherlands. He later served as a
348:would be considered a prominent Canadian
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
968:
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575:who was present at the time, perhaps by
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1901:Military personnel from County Limerick
1590:Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
499:, while in view of the American shore.
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1583:The Glengarry Light Infantry Fencibles
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567:After FitzGibbon's involvement in the
16:Irish-British army captain (1780–1863)
1896:19th-century Irish military personnel
1891:18th-century Irish military personnel
1609:
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599:After the war, FitzGibbon retired on
329:before and in the Canadas during the
456:In 1806, when he was the regiment's
436:
49:adding citations to reliable sources
20:
615:Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada
352:and a "prime example of government
13:
1936:Irish officers in the British Army
791:
14:
1962:
1926:Royal Berkshire Regiment soldiers
1576:
466:officers' commissions were bought
240:Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland
1946:Pre-Confederation Ontario people
445:in 1802, by which time he was a
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36:needs additional citations for
1931:British colonial army officers
1921:49th Regiment of Foot officers
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521:. It was he who was warned by
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401:, Ireland, he enlisted in the
315:freemason of the masonic lodge
1:
1906:Upper Canada Rebellion people
1637:Members of the Family Compact
753:
660:Battle of Montgomery's Tavern
366:Battle of Montgomery's Tavern
296:Battle of Montgomery's Tavern
429:, for which he received the
7:
1941:Military Knights of Windsor
431:Naval General Service Medal
235:War of the Second Coalition
10:
1967:
698:Military Knight of Windsor
460:, his commanding officer,
204:Colonial militia in Canada
1951:Canadian Militia officers
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799:The Canadian Encyclopedia
700:through the influence of
555:In 1814 he fought at the
505:FitzGibbon fought at the
451:Fort George, Upper Canada
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1117:"Battle of Lundy's Lane"
577:William Hamilton Merritt
547:Glengarry Light Infantry
346:Rebellions of 1837-1838
286:Rebellions of 1837-1838
1327:Raible, Chris (1992).
1275:Raible, Chris (1992).
1223:Raible, Chris (1992).
1196:Raible, Chris (1992).
1144:Raible, Chris (1992).
738:FitzGibbon appears in
653:William Lyon Mackenzie
645:Upper Canada Rebellion
557:Battle of Lundy's Lane
507:Battle of Stoney Creek
358:William Lyon Mackenzie
291:Upper Canada Rebellion
279:Battle of Lundy's Lane
274:Raid on Fort Schlosser
264:Battle of Stoney Creek
1794:William Dummer Powell
1679:William Henry Boulton
748:Battle of Beaver Dams
677:Later life and legacy
569:Battle of Beaver Dams
527:Battle of Beaver Dams
490:Battle of Fort George
486:49th Regiment of Foot
415:49th Regiment of Foot
399:Glin, County Limerick
393:Early life and career
269:Battle of Beaver Dams
213:1795–1825, 1837
210:Years of service
152:Glin, County Limerick
1749:Samuel Peters Jarvis
1729:Christopher Hagerman
1699:W. Allan Crookshanks
515:captured Fort George
427:Battle of Copenhagen
252:Battle of Copenhagen
45:improve this article
1854:"A Political Union"
724:Canadian War Museum
713:St. George's Chapel
595:Post-war activities
1834:Sir David W. Smith
1694:George Crookshanks
1674:Henry John Boulton
1600:Adobe Flash Player
794:"James FitzGibbon"
734:In popular culture
618:Peregrine Maitland
497:St. Lawrence River
60:"James FitzGibbon"
1868:
1867:
1859:Colonial Advocate
1850:Sources include:
1799:Sir John Robinson
1744:William M. Jarvis
1739:William B. Jarvis
1664:D'Arcy Boulton II
1659:G. D'Arcy Boulton
1588:Biography at the
1340:978-0-9696418-0-3
1288:978-0-9696418-0-3
1236:978-0-9696418-0-3
1209:978-0-9696418-0-3
1157:978-0-9696418-0-3
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437:Arrival in Canada
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1862:. p. 4.
1857:
1779:Allan MacNab
1769:Thomas Jones
1723:
1714:John Elmsley
1684:Thomas Clark
1589:
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1559:Eric Walters
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38:verification
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1764:Jonas Jones
1000:Toronto Sun
720:signet ring
707:He died at
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643:During the
581:Caughnawaga
573:John Norton
549:Fencibles.
480:War of 1812
462:Isaac Brock
443:the Canadas
441:He went to
339:Billy Green
331:War of 1812
259:War of 1812
101:August 2010
1875:Categories
1654:James Baby
754:References
633:Types Riot
474:lieutenant
368:, citing "
176:Allegiance
71:newspapers
1719:John Galt
1121:Knowledge
407:Fencibles
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154:, Ireland
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