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could be dissolved in hot water to make the breakfast chocolate, but it could also be nibbled. With the addition of sugar this began the production of what are called modern chocolates. Many people take it to mean that solid chocolate was not eaten before Van Houten's time, but as the preceding paragraph has shown, this is not so.
282:, was born in 1728. He started making chocolate around 1759. In 1761, Fry and John Vaughan purchased a small shop from an apothecary, Walter Churchman, and with it the patent for a chocolate refining process. The company was then named Fry, Vaughan & Co. In 1777 the chocolate works moved from Newgate Street to Union Street,
433:
In
October 2007, Cadbury announced plans to close the Somerdale plant, the historic home of the Fry's Factory, by 2010 with the loss of some 500 jobs. In an effort to maintain competitiveness in a global marketplace, production was to be moved to a new factory in Poland. Another motivational factor
785:
Most sixteenth-, seventeenth-, and eighteenth-century cacao was for drinking, but its consumption in solid form was not unheard of. To make a drink out of processed cacao beans they must be ground, and then, unless they are immediately made into a drink, the mass congeals. A tablet of this nature
445:
In
February 2010, following the takeover of Cadbury plc by Kraft Foods, the closure was controversially confirmed to take place in 2011; Kraft had specifically agreed during the takeover battle to keep the site open. There was widespread outrage in the press and later a House of Commons
531:, indicating a production date before her death in 1925. On a tour of the Fry's Bristol factory when in his eighties, Lindsay Poulton, the boy featured in the design, recalled that his father had induced him to cry, for the first photograph, "Desperation", by wrapping an
479:
356:
bar in 1866. Although cacao being consumed in solid form was not unheard of, Fry's is considered the first chocolate bar suitable for widespread consumption. Over 220 products were introduced in the following decades, including the UK's first chocolate
423:, just outside Bristol. The Fry family's representation on the company board decreased as British Cocoa and Chocolate Company expanded operations and opened factories in other countries. By the time Cadbury merged with
410:
chocolate and the joint company was named
British Cocoa and Chocolate Company. After the merger, the Frys held 45.44% of the company's ordinary shares, as well as chairmanship and four seats on the company board. Under
344:
and
Richard as partners: the firm was renamed J. S. Fry & Sons. The company became the largest commercial producer of chocolate in the UK. In 1835, Joseph Storrs Fry died and his sons took full control.
514:, an old Fry's Cocoa billboard hangs prominently on the side of the B&B where the main characters reside in Series 3–5. The billboard is a nod to the show's original Bristol location.
635:
In 1847, the
British chocolate company Fry & Sons prepared the first chocolate bars (solid chocolate for eating) by mixing cocoa powder, sugar, and cocoa butter (instead of water)
340:
In 1803, Anna Fry died and Joseph Storrs Fry partnered with a Dr. Hunt. The business was renamed Fry & Hunt. In 1822 Hunt retired and Joseph Storrs Fry took on his sons Joseph,
892:
Franks, Julian; Mayer, Colin; Rossi, Stefano (2005). "Spending Less Time with the Family: The
Decline of Family Ownership in the United Kingdom". In Morck, Randall K. (ed.).
527:
and was valued at £1,000-£1,500. The distinctive "five boys" design expressing "Desperation, Pacification, Expectation, Acclamation and
Realisation "It's Fry's" references
1895:
1950:
387:, Bristol, Packer's Chocolate continued to provide local competition for Fry's until 2006, under various owners and brands, from Bonds through to Famous Names and
1233:
1945:
797:
The first ever chocolate bar suitable for widespread consumption having been created by J. S. Fry & Sons in 1847, in Union Street, Bristol, England.
225:
in 1761, the business went through several changes of name and ownership, becoming J. S. Fry & Sons in 1822. In 1847, Fry's produced the first solid
248:, was one of the big three British confectionery manufacturers throughout much of the 19th and 20th centuries, and all three companies were founded by
1940:
1900:
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in 1969, only one Fry family member remained on the thirteen-seat company board, and the family held just over 10 percent of the ordinary shares.
1935:
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In 1847, Fry's made the first molded chocolate eating bar by removing excess cocoa butter, then slowly adding it back into the melted chocolate
1018:
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1915:
442:, said, "News of the factory's closure is a hard and heavy blow, not just to the workforce, but to the Keynsham community as a whole".
328:
1910, "Five Boys" chocolate bar; (right): Drink FRY'S pure breakfast COCOA. "No Better Food". Advertisement for Fry's on the cover of
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430:
After 1981, the name Fry's was no longer in use at
Somerdale; however, the factory was still a major producer of Cadbury products.
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In 1881, an employee of Fry's, H. J. Packer, established his own chocolate business in
Bristol. At its eventual home in
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365:(or Fry's Turkish bar) in 1914. In 1896, the firm became a registered private company, run by the Fry family, with
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229:. The company also created the first filled chocolate sweet, Cream Sticks, in 1853. Fry is most famous for
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462:(Ref. 38538). Some records concerning the role of J. S. Fry & Sons within Cadbury are held with the
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894:
A History of
Corporate Governance around the World: Family Business Groups to Professional Mergers
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252:. The company became a division of Cadbury in the early 20th century. The division's
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In April 2020, an original enamel advertising sign with the distinctive "five boys"
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286:. Joseph Fry died in 1787 and the company was renamed Anna Fry & Son. In 1795
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in 1919. Loss of operational independence in 1967. Original factory closed 2011.
679:
Richardson, Tim (2002). "Sweets: A History of Temptation". p. 255. Bantam Press
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298:, and as a result, factory techniques were introduced into the cocoa business.
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In 1847, the Fry's chocolate factory on Union Street, Bristol, moulded a
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suitable for large-scale production. The firm began producing the
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Advertisement with the distinctive "Five Boys", displayed in the
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Records relating to both the business and the family are held at
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assumed control of the company. He patented a method of grinding
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near Bristol was closed after the 2010 takeover of Cadbury's by
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British chocolate brand and former confectionery manufacturer
369:, grandson of the first Joseph Storrs Fry, as the chairman.
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717:- Scott Moeller, JANUARY 9 2012 on The Financial Times
271:
Fry and Sons Manufactory, Nelson Street, Bristol, 1882
1019:"Fascinating facts about Bristol's chocolate history"
1017:
Byrne, Eugene; Chipperfield, Daniel (21 April 2019).
983:"BBC Three's Being Human moves from Bristol to Wales"
962:"National Archives Discovery Catalogue, records page"
629:
Swinnen, Johan F. M.; Squicciarini, Mara P. (2016).
624:
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379:‘s advertisement postcard for Fry's chocolate, 1912
1016:
694:"How did Quakers conquer the British sweet shop?"
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1896:Defunct food manufacturers of the United Kingdom
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896:. University of Chicago Press. p. 600-601.
891:
1951:Food and drink companies disestablished in 2010
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997:"Antiques Roadshow - Series 42: Castle Ward 2"
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729:by Joe Fernandez on Marketing Week, 2 Feb 2010
434:was the high value of the land. Labour MP for
415:the Fry's division began from 1923 to move to
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647:
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1946:Food and drink companies established in 1761
740:"Desert Island Doc, A Charter for Chocolate"
593:
581:List of bean-to-bar chocolate manufacturers
466:repository at Cadbury's UK headquarters in
1100:
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940:"Cadbury's Bristol plant to close by 2011"
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482:Fry's advertisement in an 1867 edition of
823:Chocolate: The British Chocolate Industry
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1901:Manufacturing companies based in Bristol
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611:The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets
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836:William Gervase Clarence-Smith (2003).
715:Case study: Kraft’s takeover of Cadbury
691:
633:. Oxford University Press. p. 17.
613:. Oxford University Press. p. 157.
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1936:British companies established in 1761
1846:in the U.S. under licensing agreement
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825:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 21.
653:"J. S. Fry & Sons Chocolate Tin"
1803:Cadbury Chocolate Factory (Toronto)
727:Kraft completes takeover of Cadbury
13:
1921:Defunct companies based in Bristol
692:Jackson, Peter (20 January 2010).
14:
1962:
1916:2010 disestablishments in England
1507:The Natural Confectionery Company
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918:"Cadbury factories shed 700 jobs"
398:Somerdale Factory, date uncertain
48:Fry, Vaughan & Co (1761–1787)
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450:investigation into the affair.
1911:1761 establishments in England
838:Cocoa and Chocolate, 1765-1914
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51:Anna Fry & Son (1787–1822)
1:
586:
521:design was featured on BBC's
325:
221:and his family. Beginning in
985:. BBC News. 29 January 2010.
7:
1886:British chocolate companies
942:. BBC News. 9 February 2010
862:"Greenbank Factory History"
538:
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106:; 14 years ago
10:
1967:
1006:– via www.bbc.co.uk.
920:. BBC News. 3 October 2007
631:The Economics of Chocolate
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207:J. S. Fry & Sons, Ltd.
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800:"Sweet sweets nostalgia"
766:America's First Cuisines
821:Chrystal, Paul (2013).
802:. BBC News. 28 May 2008
1103:Mondelez International
1048:"History of Chocolate"
609:Mintz, Sidney (2015).
501:
500:Museum and Art Gallery
489:
464:Mondelez International
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324:(Left): Advertisement
272:
33:Advertisement for the
657:Smithsonian Institute
566:Fry's Turkish Delight
561:Fry's Chocolate Cream
508:television programme
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363:Fry's Turkish Delight
354:Fry's Chocolate Cream
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235:Fry's Turkish Delight
231:Fry's Chocolate Cream
35:1878 Paris Exposition
367:Joseph Storrs Fry II
237:, launched in 1914.
155:Joseph Storrs Fry II
22:J. S. Fry & Sons
1798:Cadbury's Claremont
1793:2021 Nabisco strike
1467:Palitos de la selva
1408:Green & Black's
1058:on 24 November 2005
331:The Strand Magazine
23:
1926:History of Bristol
773:. pp. 56–57.
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402:Near the start of
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1649:Other brands
1639:Swedish Fish
1418:Jelly Babies
1380:
1234:Mr. Christie
1154:Ginger Snaps
1060:. Retrieved
1056:the original
1051:
1026:. Retrieved
1022:
1012:
1000:. Retrieved
991:
977:
965:. Retrieved
956:
944:. Retrieved
934:
922:. Retrieved
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873:the original
868:
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804:. Retrieved
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361:in 1873 and
347:
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210:
206:
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131:Headquarters
122:Merged with
59:Company type
18:
1828:Kraft Foods
1762:Cheese Nips
1341:Curly Wurly
1304:Cherry Ripe
1229:Wheat Thins
1189:Peek Freans
1164:Lorna Doone
1159:In a Biskit
1144:Easy Cheese
1139:Chips Ahoy!
1023:bristolpost
511:Being Human
404:World War I
292:cocoa beans
200:(1919–2010)
65:(1761–1919)
1881:Fry family
1875:Categories
1818:JDE Peet's
1752:Black Jack
1629:Freshen Up
1346:Dairy Milk
1279:Brunch Bar
1269:Bournville
1199:Rice Thins
1149:Honey Maid
1062:1 December
869:John Penny
700:1 November
696:. BBC News
662:31 October
587:References
468:Bournville
440:Dan Norris
377:Tom Browne
359:Easter egg
276:Joseph Fry
246:Rowntree's
150:Key people
95:Joseph Fry
1843:Hershey's
1737:Aztec Bar
1677:Filipinos
1657:Bubu Lubu
1596:Toblerone
1560:Côte d'Or
1552:Chocolate
1537:Wunderbar
1497:Snowflake
1447:Mini Eggs
1442:Milk Tray
1436:Bassett's
1319:Creme Egg
1274:Bournvita
1214:Terrabusi
1052:Cadbury's
924:3 October
763:(2015) .
576:Creme Egg
519:trademark
498:Kirkcaldy
425:Schweppes
417:Somerdale
408:Cadbury's
385:Greenbank
215:chocolate
165:Chocolate
1931:Keynsham
1859:Category
1667:Dairylea
1662:Clif Bar
1512:Time Out
1462:Old Gold
1432:Maynards
1423:Mantecol
1336:Crunchie
1314:Clusters
1299:Chappies
1294:Caramilk
1224:Triscuit
1219:Trakinas
1028:27 April
1002:27 April
967:5 August
946:19 April
571:Crunchie
539:See also
488:magazine
454:Archives
436:Wansdyke
421:Keynsham
294:using a
161:Products
136:Keynsham
83:1761 in
70:Industry
42:Formerly
1785:Related
1757:Bonkers
1747:Beemans
1742:Baker's
1687:Kinh Do
1624:Clorets
1586:Marabou
1574:Lacta (
1502:Starbar
1472:Pascall
1457:Mr. Big
1366:Fingers
1361:Eclairs
1324:Twisted
1284:Buttons
1245:Cadbury
1194:Premium
1169:Newtons
1129:Belvita
1120:Nabisco
533:ammonia
504:On the
342:Francis
284:Bristol
263:History
250:Quakers
242:Cadbury
223:Bristol
198:Cadbury
109: (
101:Defunct
91:Founder
85:Bristol
80:Founded
63:Private
1697:Prince
1580:Greece
1576:Brazil
1517:Trebor
1477:Picnic
1413:Heroes
1376:Freddo
1259:Astros
1254:5 Star
1111:Brands
900:
844:
806:30 May
777:
745:7 June
280:Quaker
193:Parent
171:Brands
1709:Royal
1682:Halls
1619:Certs
1601:Twist
1591:Milka
1570:Freia
1542:Yowie
1532:Wispa
1522:Twirl
1492:Snack
1487:Shots
1482:Roses
1398:Fudge
1381:Fry's
1371:Flake
1356:Dream
1309:Chomp
1264:Boost
1174:Nilla
876:(PDF)
865:(PDF)
485:Punch
211:Fry's
1714:Tang
1672:Eden
1565:Daim
1452:Moro
1434:and
1403:Fuse
1204:Ritz
1184:Oreo
1064:2005
1030:2020
1004:2020
969:2016
948:2010
926:2007
898:ISBN
842:ISBN
808:2008
775:ISBN
747:2016
702:2019
664:2023
278:, a
244:and
119:Fate
111:2010
104:2010
1702:TUC
506:BBC
1877::
1692:LU
1578:,
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
