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Ireland at the British Empire Games

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2049: 119: 33: 2167: 583:). Liston and Maguire state, "CGF and other public records use different nomenclature for the 1938 team." In 1937, the Irish Free State Bowling League was invited, and said it would have liked to go but the cost of travel was prohibitive. The Irish state was not in fact represented at the Games, while Northern Ireland was. The Irish Bowling Association's team is variously described as "Ireland" and "Northern Ireland" in contemporary reports. The 1942 and 1946 games were cancelled, and when the 607: 621: 487:
declined the invitation to the Empire Games, although it accepted a contemporaneous invitation to an international meeting in Scotland at which the NIAAA would field a separate Northern Ireland team. An AAA meeting preparatory to the games reported Northern Ireland among the teams to be represented, but not the Irish Free State.
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team was described as "Ireland" in reports of its selection, on the scoreboard, and in reports of its results. It was selected by the Irish Bowling Association, an all-island governing body, but the team members' clubs (Larne, Cavehill, and Shaftesbury) were all in Northern Ireland, the heartland of
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The AAA separately invited the NACA nominate competitors to represent the Free State. The AAA's view conformed to a 1933 IAAF decision to require member associations to be delimited by political borders; the NACA had objected to that and would later be expelled from the IAAF as a consequence. NACA
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in Germany, making him unavailable for the Empire Games. Neither Britton nor any other Irish athlete was in the Empire challenge selection. Ultimately four Irish-based athletes travelled. They were joined by a fifth, P. "Jack" O'Reilly, who was already living in Canada; O'Reilly wrote to the NACA
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Liston and Maguire state, "Contradictory media and sports reports exist regarding a team representing Ireland and/or Northern Ireland in 1934". Colonel Evan Hunter, of the 1934 organising committee, opposed an all-island team, stating that teams must have "the political style and title of the
549:(middleweight). Magill, who won bronze, was in the RUC; as was William "Billy" Duncan, who won bronze at welterweight. Magill and Duncan's medals are credited to Northern Ireland. One (possibly incomplete) list of results of the boxing events does not list Scally, Byrne, or Kennedy. 225:
The NACA made a shortlist of athletes whom it would fund for the trip to Canada if they could secure the necessary time off work. The NACA was careful to include an athlete from Northern Ireland to assert its all-island jurisdiction. The English AAA offered to pay the expenses of
1359: 2501: 545:(RUC) boxing club might represent Northern Ireland. In May, four IABA boxers who applied for exemption to participate in the Games got leave to do so. They were: Larry Scally (flyweight), T. Byrne (bantamweight), Jack Kennedy (welterweight), and 2521: 1812: 1367: 1089: 1036: 203:(IAAF) and regarded itself as the governing body for athletics in the whole of Ireland, although a separate Northern Ireland Amateur Athletic, Cycling and Cross Country Association (NIAAA) was affiliated to the 237:
take part in a British Empire athletics team to compete in a challenge match against the United States immediately after the Empire Games. The NACA rejected this offer. In the event, O'Callaghan went to the
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respective territories by which they are known within the British Empire". The English AAA invited the NIAAA to nominate competitors to represent Northern Ireland in
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in Sydney was unveiled in May 1936 by the British Empire Games Federation, the list of teams expected to be present included Northern Ireland but not Ireland (the
511:(CGF) lists Bermingham under "Northern Ireland" in the entries, while a contemporary preview lists him as from the Irish Free State, as does Bob Phillips. The 1918: 2736: 1521: 2651: 2646: 2641: 2526: 2031: 199:. The NACA executive decided to accept, on condition that the team be designated "Ireland" rather than "Irish Free State". The NACA was affiliated to the 3012: 2731: 2726: 2721: 2716: 928: 2801: 2766: 2626: 2621: 2616: 2343: 1478: 2987: 2982: 461: 1614: 1123: 434:
Based in Canada at time of Games, O'Reilly had won the Irish marathon title in 1924–5–6–7, and later came second in the 1931 Canadian championship.
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The Irish team's ship was delayed by fog and the team missed the opening ceremony, except for O'Reilly, who carried the flag. The flag was not the
2593: 2323: 2024: 1645: 2663: 2557: 2886: 2851: 2846: 2823: 2751: 2701: 2338: 2283: 2881: 512: 219: 522:(IASA) refused to send teams for the Free State or Northern Ireland, pointing out that the bowling team was designated "Ireland" and that 2923: 2871: 2806: 2696: 2636: 534: 409:
Missed 220 yds heats owing to delayed arrival of ship. Crokes disbanded in protest at the NACA sending a team to the Empire Games.
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came into force in 1949, Ireland was considered by Commonwealth states as having left the Commonwealth and ineligible for the
2896: 2445: 2379: 2328: 1984: 1843: 2656: 2318: 2227: 2131: 2111: 2081: 538: 527: 448:"William" in caption to contemporary photo. Elsewhere, Dickson's initials are variously given as: W.; W.A.; J.A.; and N.F. 2506: 2420: 2369: 2262: 2257: 2106: 239: 1390: 774: 215: 2876: 2841: 2631: 2531: 2435: 2399: 2374: 2303: 2288: 2278: 2252: 2242: 2237: 2146: 2076: 2071: 2066: 519: 196: 2916: 2861: 2828: 2485: 2364: 2313: 2308: 2191: 2181: 2121: 2116: 2096: 1428: 955: 758: 91: 1938: 2480: 2384: 2359: 2232: 2206: 2196: 2186: 2156: 2151: 2126: 2101: 1997: 1319: 192: 2681: 2598: 2475: 2465: 2440: 2404: 2389: 2247: 2091: 2086: 2813: 2603: 2450: 2430: 2052: 2956: 2783: 2676: 1653: 1593: 664: 533:
The IABA in February declined to send a team, stating that the games were during its close season. In March,
508: 3022: 3017: 1998:"State Formation, Diplomacy and Sport — The British Empire Games, Ireland, and Northern Ireland, 1930–1938" 584: 1674: 2048: 668: 1479:"Eire withdraws swimming squad; Ban on Two Athletes Born in Northern Ireland Impels Protest at Olympics" 2951: 2946: 488: 207:(AAA). NIAAA athletes, including some born in the Free State, were included on the AAA's England team. 2833: 1754: 644: 595:, New Zealand. Northern Ireland was also absent, though it has participated at all subsequent games. 588: 572: 542: 167: 152: 145: 43: 576: 359: 2941: 634: 580: 483:; the NIAAA regulated only the former two sports, for which it nominated athletes who competed. 259: 210:
The NACA's attendance of the games proved to be controversial among some of its members who held
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the sport in Ireland, and its results have retrospectively been credited to Northern Ireland.
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The Irish Free State Bowling League was a subsidiary of the Irish Bowling Association.
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Honour of Empire, Glory of Sport: The History of Athletics at the Commonwealth Games
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the B.L.I., which in the meantime had affiliated to the Irish Bowling Association
732: 251: 2166: 612: 191:(NACA), and offered to pay $ 1000 towards travel expenses. It also invited the 526:
competitors were on the England team. For similar reasons, the IASA boycotted
2976: 1939:"Making sense of 'Ireland', sport and identity: the craft of doing sociology" 1914: 1838: 1787: 1749: 1463: 626: 326: 32: 1976: 779: 496: 227: 1888:"Sport, Empire, and Diplomacy: "Ireland" at the 1930 British Empire Games" 1506: 1265: 1298:
Jubilee; A souvenir of 50 historic years of sport in the Garda Síochána
553: 386: 1196: 1170: 499:, was entered in the discus but did not compete, although he won the 262:, a gold harp. The team colour was green, and singlets included the 592: 414: 263: 244: 2577: 777:(2 August 1930). "Empire Games – Letter from President, G.A.A.". 369: 1550:"Our Team to meet France; Our Representatives in Empire Games". 1528:. The Stormont Papers. 13 March 1934. pp. Vol.16 cc.399–400 1675:"2.British Empire Games – London, England – August 4 – 11 1934" 663:
Hunter was also secretary of the English AAA, the newly formed
523: 423: 396: 1962:[first page ref is from DOI PDF; second is from preprint PDF) 1967:
Malcolm, Dominic; Waddington, Ivan, eds. (4 September 2023).
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Missed 880 yds heats owing to delayed arrival of ship.
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Missed 880 yds heats owing to delayed arrival of ship.
1348:. No. 46807. London, England. 16 July 1934. p. 5. 1280:"Athletics; A. A. A. Championships and the Empoire Games". 1284:. No. 46756. London, England. 17 May 1934. p. 5. 1114: 1567:'Cam' (24 October 1934). "R. U. C. Boxers with a Punch". 281:
Competitors for Ireland at the 1930 British Empire Games
2046: 730:"I.A.B.A. declines invite to concentrate on Olympics". 334: 195:(IABA), which declined in order to concentrate on the 155:
though the affiliations of several of these to either
1117:"Roll of Honour: Irish Athletics Champions 1873–2013" 1115:
O'Callaghan, Pierce; Cyril Smyth (21 February 2013).
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as specific to the Free State; instead it showed the
2572: 1937:
Liston, Katie; Maguire, Joseph (15 September 2020).
1122:. Athletics Ireland. pp. 10, 14. Archived from 841:"Team is selected for international meet in Chicago" 797:"Club Disbanded; Crokes' Protest against N.A.C.A.". 602: 329:, whom he had beaten at the 1928 AAA championships. 1885: 753:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 160, fn.49. 750:
The Emergence of International Society in the 1920s
541:whether, in the absence of IABA participation, the 1788:"A Short History of the Bowling League of Ireland" 1615:"New book charts rise of boxing's Magill brothers" 1389: 1966: 1060: 1058: 462:Northern Ireland at the 1934 British Empire Games 2974: 1646:"1934 British Empire Games: Boxing – 67kg – Men" 1072: 1070: 1366:. Commonwealth Games Federation. Archived from 515:lists him as "Ireland" and "did not compete". 303: 183:The organising committee for the 1930 games in 1847:(FINAL ed.). Perth. 6 May 1936. p. 4 1545: 1543: 1055: 148:, a single team represented the entire island. 2558: 2032: 1995: 1936: 1844:The Daily News (Perth, WA : 1882 – 1950) 1566: 1522:"R.U.C. BOXING TEAM AND BRITISH EMPIRE GAMES" 1337: 1294: 1273: 1084: 1082: 1067: 1701: 1699: 1640: 1638: 1580: 1578: 1410: 1220: 1218: 987: 985: 866: 864: 513:Association of Track and Field Statisticians 220:President of the Gaelic Athletic Association 1540: 1258: 1256: 1076:Liston and Maguire 2020 fig. 4 (p. 1600/39) 1017:. UK: National Union of Track Statisticians 897: 895: 893: 891: 889: 818: 816: 814: 812: 810: 792: 790: 708: 706: 704: 3013:Northern Ireland at the Commonwealth Games 2565: 2551: 2039: 2025: 1855:– via National Library of Australia. 1813:"Results for the Lawn Bowls – Fours – Men" 1766:– via National Library of Australia. 1203:. Association of Road Racing Statisticians 1177:. Association of Road Racing Statisticians 1079: 935: 567:Northern Ireland at the Commonwealth Games 276:Athletics at the 1930 British Empire Games 201:International Amateur Athletics Federation 31: 1696: 1635: 1575: 1391:"Empire Games Marks Are Expected to fall" 1215: 1171:"National Marathon Champions for Ireland" 982: 948:The Cultural Bond: Sport, Empire, Society 861: 740: 189:National Athletic and Cycling Association 2988:Nations at the 1934 British Empire Games 2983:Nations at the 1930 British Empire Games 1435:DISCUS (4 Aug): ... Pat Bermingham (IFS) 1416: 1253: 1197:"National Marathon Champions for Canada" 886: 807: 787: 701: 678: 676: 3003:Ireland and the Commonwealth of Nations 1996:Liston, Katie; Maguire, Joseph (2024). 1969:Eric Dunning and the Sociology of Sport 1886:Liston, Katie; Maguire, Joseph (2016). 1817:Commonwealth Games – Team Event Results 1447: 1445: 1443: 1313: 1311: 736:. Dublin. 27 February 1930. p. 13. 723: 205:Amateur Athletic Association of England 2975: 1785: 1706:"Irish team chosen for Empire Games". 1263:"Athletic Rulers meet in Conference". 1064:Liston and Maguire 2020, p. 1599/24–25 1008: 746: 2546: 2020: 1758:. Adelaide. 8 August 1934. p. 18 1344:"Athletics; A. A. A. Championships". 1317: 1151:. Commonwealth Games Federation. 2012 941: 908:. Dublin. 19 August 1930. p. 11. 874:. Commonwealth Games Federation. 2012 803:. Dublin. 15 August 1930. p. 11. 673: 579:for the Irish Free State under a new 406:3rd in heat 1 / — 136:at the British Empire Games (now the 1526:House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1451:Liston and Maguire 2016, p.338 fn.74 1440: 1308: 773: 539:House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1790:. Dublin: Bowling League of Ireland 1320:"British Empire Games, London 1934" 918:Liston and Maguire 2016, p.324, 326 829:. Dublin. 30 July 1930. p. 11. 719:. Dublin. 19 July 1930. p. 13. 240:1930 International University Games 13: 1485:. 31 July 1948. p. 10, sports 942:Moore, Katharine (7 March 2013) . 520:Irish Amateur Swimming Association 14: 3034: 3008:Ireland at the Commonwealth Games 2993:Nations at the Commonwealth Games 1839:"EMPIRE GAMES PROGRAMME RELEASED" 1776:Liston and Maguire 2024 pp. 29–30 872:"Games Results for Jack O'Reilly" 247:and offering to pay his own way. 2334:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2165: 2047: 1423:. Parrs Wood Press. p. 25. 1318:Jenes, Paul (15 December 2021). 1009:Mazdon, Stuart (18 March 2010). 713:"Ireland and the Empire Games". 619: 605: 402:100 yds / 220 yds 193:Irish Amateur Boxing Association 117: 90:Commonwealth Games appearances ( 2053:Commonwealth Games Associations 1859: 1831: 1819:. Commonwealth Games Federation 1805: 1779: 1770: 1742: 1716: 1667: 1607: 1560: 1514: 1497: 1471: 1454: 1406:– via Newspaper Archives. 1382: 1352: 1288: 1236: 1227: 1201:National and Regional Champions 1189: 1175:National and Regional Champions 1163: 1149:"Games Results for Joe Eustace" 1141: 1108: 1096:. Commonwealth Games Federation 1043:. Commonwealth Games Federation 1037:"Games Results for M. O'Malley" 1029: 1002: 973: 964: 921: 912: 823:"Irish Side for Empire Games". 657: 503:the previous month at the same 442: 243:asking to be nominated for the 151:Irish athletes competed at the 1870:. 19 October 1937. p. 13. 1224:Liston and Maguire 2016, p.329 1090:"Games Results for W. Dickson" 979:Liston and Maguire 2016, p.327 970:Liston and Maguire 2016, p.326 833: 767: 560: 528:the 1948 Olympic swimming gala 37:Representative flag of Ireland 1: 2998:Ireland at multi-sport events 2763:International rules football 1971:. Routledge. pp. 75–93. 1958:10.1080/17430437.2020.1814572 1907:10.1080/09592296.2016.1169797 1866:"Irishmen for Empire Games". 1654:Commonwealth Games Federation 1594:Commonwealth Games Federation 1586:"Games Results for J. Magill" 1510:. 6 February 1934. p. 8. 1461:"Banning of Irish Swimmers". 1304:. Garda Síochána. p. 19. 1269:. 5 February 1934. p. 4. 1249:. 8 January 1934. p. 13. 1233:Liston and Maguire 2024 p. 31 992:"Ireland's team for Canada". 689: 509:Commonwealth Games Federation 455: 178: 1467:. 11 August 1934. p. 6. 998:. 6 August 1930. p. 14. 929:"Flags of competing nations" 694: 585:Republic of Ireland Act 1948 507:which hosted the Games. The 7: 1712:. 23 June 1934. p. 10. 1398:. 2 August 1934. p. 14 849:. 25 August 1930. p. 7 669:British Olympic Association 598: 571:When the programme for the 10: 3039: 2527:Federation of South Arabia 1895:Diplomacy & Statecraft 1878: 1786:Morton, B. C. (May 2006). 1684:. amateur-boxing.strefa.pl 1556:. 31 May 1934. p. 11. 950:. Routledge. p. 192. 931:. Hamilton Public Library. 564: 459: 389:Patrick J.B. "Joe" Eustace 273: 269: 187:sent an invitation to the 2937: 2584: 2494: 2413: 2352: 2271: 2220: 2174: 2163: 2059: 902:"Fog delays Irish team". 645:Sport in Northern Ireland 543:Royal Ulster Constabulary 233:on condition that he and 116: 112:Other related appearances 111: 98: 89: 52: 42: 30: 23: 18:Sporting event delegation 2344:Turks and Caicos Islands 2005:Irish Historical Studies 946:. In J.A. Mangan (ed.). 650: 1977:10.4324/9781003441526-6 747:Gorman, Daniel (2012). 665:Empire Games Federation 635:Ireland at the Olympics 260:coat of arms of Ireland 172:a Northern Ireland team 26:1930 Commonwealth Games 2294:British Virgin Islands 1417:Phillips, Bob (2000). 1295:Coiste Siamsa (1972). 1243:"Empire Games Event". 132:Representation of the 2574:National sports teams 2324:Saint Kitts and Nevis 1620:The Belfast Telegraph 2502:British North Borneo 3023:1934 in Irish sport 3018:1930 in Irish sport 2339:Trinidad and Tobago 2284:Antigua and Barbuda 1590:Athlete Performance 1364:Athlete Performance 1094:Athlete Performance 1041:Athlete Performance 282: 146:first games in 1930 2962:Commonwealth Games 1724:"Body-Line Barred" 1504:"Boxing Affairs". 1483:The New York Times 1325:. ATFS. p. 11 530:, also in London. 505:White City Stadium 417:P. "Jack" O'Reilly 375:880 yds/ mile 348:880 yds/ mile 280: 138:Commonwealth Games 2970: 2969: 2540: 2539: 1986:978-1-000-98718-8 1952:(10): 1587–1605. 1709:Irish Independent 1623:. 6 December 2010 1553:Irish Independent 1246:Irish Independent 995:Irish Independent 905:Irish Independent 826:Irish Independent 800:Irish Independent 716:Irish Independent 581:1937 constitution 501:English AAA title 438: 437: 325:Narrowly lost to 212:Irish nationalist 185:Hamilton, Ontario 170:, there has been 134:island of Ireland 130: 129: 3030: 2594:Australian rules 2567: 2560: 2553: 2544: 2543: 2461:Papua New Guinea 2395:Northern Ireland 2202:Falkland Islands 2169: 2051: 2041: 2034: 2027: 2018: 2017: 2012: 2002: 1990: 1961: 1946:Sport in Society 1943: 1933: 1931: 1929: 1923: 1917:. 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Index


CGF code
overview
1930
Northern Ireland
island of Ireland
Commonwealth Games
first games in 1930
1934 games
Northern Ireland
Irish Free State
1938 games
a Northern Ireland team
Hamilton, Ontario
National Athletic and Cycling Association
Irish Amateur Boxing Association
1932 Olympics
International Amateur Athletics Federation
Amateur Athletic Association of England
Irish nationalist
Sean Ryan
President of the Gaelic Athletic Association
hammer thrower
Bill Britton
Pat O'Callaghan
1930 International University Games
marathon
Irish tricolour
unionists
coat of arms of Ireland

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