163:, more than 1,000 miles away but were arrested there. Back in Kara, Myshkin acted as spokesman for 73 political prisoners who went on hunger strike, in July, in protest against the flogging of a fellow prisoner, a common criminal, and on tightened restrictions in the prison. In retaliation, the authorities removed eight of the prisoners to the
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Myshkin had apparently staged the incident expecting to be executed, but hoping that it would stir up resistance by other prisoners and that he would be given a public trial in which he could draw attention to conditions in the fortress. In the event, according to Figner, the other prisoners did not
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The essential task of the social-revolutionary party is to build on the ruins of the existing state-bourgeois regime a social organisation which satisfies the demands of the people ... It can be brought about only through a revolution, because the power of the state prevents any peaceful means being
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This is not a tribunal but a useless comedy; or something worse, something more repulsive, more shameful than a brothel. There, a woman sells her own body out of necessity. Here, senators trade with the lives of others, with truth and with justice; trade in fact with all that is dearest to humanity
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In
December, on Christmas Day, the whole prison was shocked by a scene that took place in one of the cells. As our supper was brought to us, we heard a crash of metal dishes falling to the floor, sounds of scuffling, and a nervous, half-strangled voice crying, "Don't beat me! Don't! Kill me, but
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prison, where he attempted to escape by digging a tunnel at night, leaving a dummy in his bed to deceive the prison warders. He was discovered when a prison officer visited his cell at an unusual hour, and was moved to a more secure cell. Fearing he would go insane in solitary confinement, he
66:, he entered a teacher training college in Saint Petersburg in 1860, but despite being the best student in his year, he was barred from becoming a teacher because of his lowly birth, or as he put it, he was βsuddenly expelled, disgraced, just because I am a soldierβs son.β
128:, was that "the court retired; the gendarmes rushed to Myshkin to take him out of the hall, and the defendants rushed to defend their comrade. So, among the general scream and hysterical sobbing of women, there was a scuffle, unheard of in the annals of the court."
98:, where Chernyshevsky had been exiled. He aroused suspicion because it would have been highly unusual for so prominent a prisoner to be moved with just a single escort, and he was told that he would have to get written authorisation from the provincial governor, in
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of the
Imperial Army, and learnt shorthand. In 1868, he started work as a court reporter, and used money saved from his salary to set up an illegal printing press in Moscow, which was used to print revolutionary literature.
148:, in East Siberia. One of the group, named Dmokhovsky, died on the way. During his funeral serviced in the prison church in Irkutsk, Myshkin made an impromptu speech, praising the dead man and quoting lines by the poet
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He was incarcerated in Kara prison, where he organised a break out by eight political prisoners in April 1882. Most were quickly recaptured, but
Myshkin and a worker named Nikolai Khrushchev, reached
156:, an American who visited Siberia in the 1880s, was told that Myshkin was βa born orator who never made but two speeches in his life; one cost him ten years of penal servitude, the other fifteen.β
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attacked the prison governor during a Sunday church service, but escaped unpunished because there was an investigation at the time into the large inmates dying or going insane in
Kharkiv prison.
102:. He was accompanied on the road by three armed Cossacks, but broke free, wounded one of them in an exchange of shots, and hid out in the Siberian forest for a week, before he was captured.
179:, where prisoners were held in solitary confinement, and a notice in their cells warned that they would be executed if they resisted the prison staff. According to a fellow prisoner,
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know what was happening because they were not allowed to communicate with each other or the outside world. Myshkin was executed by firing squad on 7 February 1885.
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After several months of solitary confinement in a prison in
Irkutsk, Myshkin was taken under heavy guard to Saint Petersburg, where he was a defendant at the
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He continued speaking, despite being ordered by the
President of the court to be quiet. The upshot, according to a fellow revolutionary,
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152:. For making what was regarded as a revolutionary speech in a sacred building, he was sentenced to a further 15 years.
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revolutionary and political prisoner, who was executed after a violent confrontation with a prison warder.
109:. In court, he made a defiant speech, that was subsequently published and distributed illegally. He said:
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Roots of
Revolution, A History of the Populist and Socialist Movements in Nineteenth-Century Russia
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Myshkin was one of a group of political prisoners transferred from
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out of cowardice, baseness, opportunism, and to gain large salaries.
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34:: ΠΠΏΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ ΠΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ½; 3 February 1848 - 7 February 1885) was a
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Myshkin was sentenced to ten yearsβ hard labour, and was sent to
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In 1875, Myshkin set out on a lone mission to rescue the writer,
250:. London: James R. Osgood, McIlvaine & Co. pp. 250β258
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214:"ΠΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ½, ΠΠΏΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ ΠΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΠΈΡ 1848-1885 ΠΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ"
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373:. Dekalb, Illinois: Northern Illinois U.P. p. 190.
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The House of the Dead, Siberian Exile Under the Tsars
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The
Russian Bastille, or the Schluesselburg Fortress
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411:19th-century executions by the Russian Empire
69:After graduating in 1864, he worked for the
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350:. London: Chatto & Windus. p. 26
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441:Prisoners of the Peter and Paul Fortress
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175:In 1884, Myshkin was transferred to the
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344:Youvatshev (Yuvachov), I.P. (1909).
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188:don't beat me!" This was Myshkin.
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323:. Penguin. pp. 310β312.
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371:Memoirs of a Revolutionist
416:Executed revolutionaries
269:Venturi, Franco (1983).
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52:non-commissioned officer
28:Ippolit Nikitich Myshkin
244:Kennan, George (1891).
167:, in Saint Petersburg.
165:Peter and Paul Fortress
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369:Figner, Vera (1991).
319:Beer, Daniel (2016).
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71:General Staff Academy
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120:used for this end...
78:Revolutionary career
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50:. His father was a
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181:Vera Figner
161:Vladivostok
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395:Categories
197:References
42:Early life
426:Narodniks
354:25 August
56:a peasant
304:2 August
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224:2 August
96:Vilyuysk
218:Khronos
133:Kharkiv
100:Yakutsk
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