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to apply for citizenship (with a 10-year probation), but continued forbidding foreign-born people or non-citizens from owning land. However, he had anti-Semitic views, publishing a lot of discriminatory laws, being responsible for the exile of various Jewish
Romanian intellectuals. The most famous
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After 1883 Brătianu acted as sole leader of the party, owing to a quarrel with
Rosetti, his friend and political ally for nearly forty years. His long tenure of office, without parallel in Romanian history, rendered Brătianu extremely unpopular, and at its close his
736:[THE BACKGROUND AND PRECURSORS OF THE HOLOCAUST. ROOTS OF ROMANIAN ANTI-SEMITISM ANTI-SEMITISM OF THE CHRISTIAN NATIONAL DEFENSE LEAGUE AND THE IRON GUARD THE ANTI-SEMITIC POLICIES OF THE GOGA GOVERNMENT AND THE ROYAL DICTATORSHIP]
545:, one that gave some representation to peasants and the urban employees. The move was not radical, and it served to obtain the Liberals political ascendancy: the very first elections under the new law brought them an overwhelming majority.
564:
appeared inevitable. But any proceedings taken against the minister would have involved charges against the king, who was largely responsible for his policy, and the impeachment was averted by a vote of parliament in
February 1890.
405:
to form a stable and reliable government. The change in tactics forced the
Liberals to form their loose tendency as a real Party in 1875. Alongside several liberal tenets, the new formation took a further step towards advocating
347:
and his inner circle. Both parties comprised mainly landowners, and allied to block legislation in the
Chamber – causing Cuza to impose his authoritarian government in May 1864. The two-party coalition, remembered as
734:"FUNDALUL ŞI PRECURSORII HOLOCAUSTULUI. RĂDĂCINI ALE ANTISEMITISMULUI ROMÂNESC ANTISEMITISMUL LIGII APĂRĂRII NAŢIONAL CREŞTINE ŞI AL GĂRZII DE FIER POLITICILE ANTISEMITE ALE GUVERNULUI GOGA ŞI ALE DICTATURII REGALE"
445:
to the country's attention; on the other hand, Catargiu had signed an agreement with the
Austrian Monarchy that awarded it commercial privilege in Romania – while quieting its suspicion towards Romanian
532:
The Brătianu government introduced most modern reforms in the administrative, educational, economical, and military fields. It celebrated its main success in 1883, when the
Liberals managed to have the
450:. Brătianu's government did not disturb this climate after the Russian alliance proved unsatisfactory, and the two parties resorted to assisting Romanian cultural ventures in Transylvania (until
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authority shortly afterwards drove him into exile. He took refuge to Paris, and endeavoured to influence French opinion in favor of the proposed union and autonomy of the
Romanian
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The government took steps at taking the country out of its
Ottoman vassalage; however, it differed from Conservatives in that they saw the main threat posed to Romania in
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Nonetheless, his very sinuous relationship with the new Prince was the source of several crisis situations. Notably, Brătianu would point to the benefits of a
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421:). In 1876, aided by C. A. Rosetti, Brătianu formed a Liberal cabinet, which remained in power until 1888 - this marked his coming to terms with Carol.
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485:, Brătianu supported the election of Prince Carol I as monarch of Bulgaria. Ignatyev said the intention of the Romanian officials was to establish
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Besides being the leading statesman of
Romania during the critical years 1876–1888, Brătianu attained some eminence as a writer. His
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465:. While Romania did emancipate itself from Ottoman tutelage, Brătianu had to accommodate a prolonged Russian occupation, and the
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that Alexander had requested a Balkan confederation under the leadership of Carol I. This turned out to be a misunderstanding.
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The Congress also pressured the Liberals to discard the discrimination policies, and the government agreed to allow Jews and
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774:"State, Modernity and Anti-Semitism in Ion C. Bratianu's Political Speeches from the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century"
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was created in 1870 around a Liberal group, Ion Brătianu was arrested as the inspirational figure, but was soon released.
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project (which Rosetti and his left wing of the Liberal Party had never ceased advocating). Thus, when the experimental
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760:"(PDF) "Iuda sub vremuri". O contribuție la istoria antisemitismului românesc | Caranfilof Bogdan - Academia.edu"
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355:, opted for the removal of Cuza. Brătianu took part in the deposition of 1866 and in the subsequent election of
17:
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297:; in 1856, he returned to Wallachia with his brother – afterwards one of his foremost political opponents.
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2008:
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1948:
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381:, 1872. Left panel: Alexander Ioan Cuza betrayed by Brătianu; right panel: Carol I, supported by
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Ion C. Brătianu postcard, Atelier Franz Dusche. King Ferdinand I National Military Museum.
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41:, the Prime Minister of Romania during most of World War I and the son of Ion C. Brătianu.
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359:, under whom he held several ministerial appointments throughout the next four years.
202:; June 2, 1821 – May 16, 1891) was one of the major political figures of 19th-century
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In 1871, the Liberals organized protests in favor of France – just defeated in the
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Many places, schools, streets, etc. in Romania are named after him, including:
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309:
Brătianu in 1848, detail of a group portrait of Provisional Government members
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1963:
1953:
1918:
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614:
407:
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708:"Ideas of federation and personal union with regard to Bulgaria and Romania"
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258:, he entered the Wallachian Army in 1838, and in 1841 started studying in
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846:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 436.
597:("The Religious Issue in Romania", 1866), were all published in Paris.
429:
227:
625:
441:. Liberals were of the generation that had truly brought Romanians in
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262:. Returning to his native land, Brătianu took part, with his friend
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
632:
335:(PNL), until today a major political formation. Opposition to the
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903:
587:
Mémoire sur la situation de la Moldavie depuis le traité de Paris
203:
581:("Account of the Austrian Empire in the Oriental Issue", 1855),
548:
In 1886, after a meeting with Carol I and the Bulgarian prince
496:
259:
3415:
266:
and other young politicians (including his brother), in the
579:
Mémoire sur l'empire d'Autriche dans la question d'Orient
411:
481:
appeared and began a search for a prince. According to
3730:
686:
684:
682:
680:
512:), unveiled in Bucharest in 1903 and removed in 1948
30:"I. C. Brătianu" redirects here. For other uses, see
4432:
Romanian people of the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)
4362:
Chairpersons of the National Liberal Party (Romania)
638:
The Ion C. Brătianu Boulevard in downtown Bucharest.
677:
300:
274:in the provisional government formed in that year.
457:He aligned the country with Russia as soon as the
2235:
4333:
1629:
4422:Organizers of the Wallachian Revolution of 1848
4392:Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania)
3305:
3281:
3187:
2889:
898:
4322:(Agriculture, Domains, Industry and Commerce)
4050:
3877:
3716:
3586:
3401:
2862:
2221:
1615:
884:
589:("Account on Moldavia's Situation After the
331:(1859–1866), Brătianu founded (in 1875) the
778:Cogito - Multidisciplinary Research Journal
552:, Brătianu informed the Bulgarian diplomat
521:Jewish intellectual exiled by Brătianu was
461:of 1877–1878 began – with its chapter, the
4278:(Religious Affairs and Public Instruction)
4057:
4043:
4015:(Religious Affairs and Public Instruction)
3884:
3870:
3723:
3709:
3593:
3579:
3408:
3394:
2869:
2855:
2228:
2214:
1622:
1608:
891:
877:
793:"Moses Gaster, o figură pe nedrept uitată"
54:
791:Manolescu, Nicolae (September 12, 2014).
790:
4417:Honorary members of the Romanian Academy
3417:Presidents of the National Liberal Party
832:
705:
690:
503:
495:
428:
372:
357:Prince Carol of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
304:
3830:Agriculture, Commerce, and Public Works
3673:Agriculture, Commerce, and Public Works
660:Mihail Kogălniceanu-class river monitor
489:. In 1881, Romania proclaimed itself a
14:
4334:
915:List of heads of government of Romania
631:The I.C. Brătianu National College in
508:Monument to Ion C. Brătianu (sculptor
226:. He also was the grandfather of poet
82:June 9, 1881 – March 20, 1888
4069:cabinet (9 June 1881 – 20 March 1888)
4038:
3896:cabinet (11 July 1879 – 9 April 1881)
3865:
3704:
3574:
3389:
2850:
2209:
1603:
872:
197:
701:
699:
585:("Musings on the Situation", 1856),
4372:Ministers of agriculture of Romania
864:, Addison Wesley Longman Ltd., 1999
568:
377:Anti-dynasty cartoon, published in
24:
862:A History of The Balkans 1804–1945
757:
595:La Question religieuse en Roumanie
537:amended – enlarging the number of
25:
4443:
3852:(Religion and Public Instruction)
3691:(Religion and Public Instruction)
696:
339:united the emerging Liberals and
80:July 24, 1876—April 9, 1881
4397:Members of the Senate of Romania
4387:Ministers of interior of Romania
3177:
1592:indicates current office holder.
1038:
820:
622:Ion C. Brătianu National College
389:influence and economic privilege
301:Under Cuza and in the opposition
4382:Ministers of finance of Romania
4377:Ministers of defence of Romania
477:in return). After the war, the
32:I. C. Brătianu (disambiguation)
27:Romanian politician (1821–1891)
3094:Constantin Cantacuzino-Pașcanu
3069:Constantin Cantacuzino-Pașcanu
2882:Chamber of Deputies of Romania
784:
766:
751:
726:
600:
487:a personal union with Bulgaria
418:History of the Jews in Romania
270:, and acted as prefect of the
13:
1:
3602:First Lascăr Catargiu cabinet
2237:Interior Ministers of Romania
740:(in Romanian). Archived from
670:
500:Ion C. Brătianu in later life
424:
385:and Brătianu, feeding off of
238:
4412:19th-century Romanian people
3604:(24 May 1866 - 25 July 1866)
3049:Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino
3019:Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino
1631:Defence Ministers of Romania
857:, Bucharest, Humanitas, 2004
706:Nyagulov, Blagovest (2012).
535:1866 Constitution of Romania
463:Romanian War of Independence
233:
7:
2924:Manolache Costache Epureanu
2914:Manolache Costache Epureanu
712:Bulgarian Historical Review
583:Réflexions sur la situation
214:, as well as the father of
210:and the younger brother of
97:Manolache Costache Epureanu
10:
4448:
4407:Romanian writers in French
4367:Prime ministers of Romania
3464:party abolished, 1948–1989
2919:Nicolae Calimachi-Catargiu
2909:Alexandru Emanoil Florescu
483:Nikolay Pavlovich Ignatyev
293:, and later confined in a
268:1848 Wallachian Revolution
36:
29:
4092:
4074:
3919:
3901:
3742:
3609:
3423:
3304:
3280:
3193:(Grand National Assembly)
3186:
3175:
2888:
2696:
2633:
2355:
2243:
2075:
2032:
1764:
1637:
1575:
1385:
1337:
1047:
1036:
923:
910:
541:and establishing a third
397:– and implicitly against
256:Principality of Wallachia
184:
174:
158:
135:
130:
126:
106:
86:
73:
68:Prime Minister of Romania
66:
62:
53:
46:
479:Principality of Bulgaria
321:) union, as a member of
37:Not to be confused with
4427:Antisemitism in Romania
3189:Marea Adunare Națională
2249:Principality of Romania
1643:Principality of Romania
843:Encyclopædia Britannica
550:Alexander of Battenberg
525:, at the initiative of
315:Danubian Principalities
313:He was in favor of the
287:Danubian Principalities
199:[iˈonbrətiˈanu]
195:Romanian pronunciation:
191:Ion Constantin Brătianu
3306:
3287:(Assembly of Deputies)
3282:
3188:
3164:Alexandru Vaida-Voevod
3114:Alexandru Vaida-Voevod
3014:Constantin Grădișteanu
2969:Constantin N. Brăiloiu
2895:(Assembly of Deputies)
2890:
860:Stevan K. Pavlowitch,
513:
501:
434:
390:
333:National Liberal Party
327:. During the reign of
310:
179:National Liberal Party
3311:(Chamber of Deputies)
3257:Constantin Pîrvulescu
3212:Constantin Pârvulescu
2999:Constantin A. Rosetti
2984:Constantin A. Rosetti
2974:Constantin A. Rosetti
2245:United Principalities
1639:United Principalities
925:United Principalities
577:political pamphlets,
507:
499:
432:
376:
308:
4246:Alexandru Anghelescu
3283:Adunarea Deputaților
3267:Miron Constantinescu
2989:Dimitrie C. Brătianu
2891:Adunarea Deputaților
1784:Alexandru Anghelescu
758:Bogdan, Caranfilof.
642:I. C. Brătianu Plaza
368:Republic of Ploiești
206:. He was the son of
4352:People from Pitești
3993:Gheorghe Slăniceanu
3943:Alexandru Teriachiu
3927:Mihail Kogălniceanu
3822:Dumitru C. Brătianu
3808:Alexandru Teriachiu
3109:Constantin Meissner
3089:Constantin Olănescu
3044:Constantin Olănescu
527:Dimitrie A. Sturdza
510:Ernest Henri Dubois
471:Southern Bessarabia
469:saw Russia seizing
410:and persecution of
395:Franco-Prussian War
352:monstrous coalition
329:Alexander Ioan Cuza
317:' (Wallachia's and
277:The restoration of
4402:Romanian essayists
4230:Gheorghe Angelescu
4152:(External Affairs)
4003:Nicolae Crețulescu
3955:(External Affairs)
3784:Grigore Arghiropol
3766:Grigore Arghiropol
3629:Ion C. Cantacuzino
3307:Camera Deputaților
3222:Alexandru Drăghici
3134:Petre P. Negulescu
3024:Gheorghe Rosnovanu
2979:George D. Vernescu
2954:Gheorghe Costaforu
2698:Romania since 1989
2635:Socialist Republic
2357:Kingdom of Romania
2077:Romania since 1989
2034:Socialist Republic
1774:Gheorghe Angelescu
1766:Kingdom of Romania
1387:Romania since 1989
1212:Ion I. C. Brătianu
1197:Ion I. C. Brătianu
1172:Ion I. C. Brătianu
1152:Ion I. C. Brătianu
1137:Ion I. C. Brătianu
1049:Kingdom of Romania
514:
502:
467:Congress of Berlin
435:
391:
311:
169:Kingdom of Romania
39:Ion I. C. Brătianu
4329:
4328:
4316:Vasile Gheorghian
4306:Anastase Stolojan
4302:Ion I. Câmpineanu
4296:Petre S. Aurelian
4264:Petre S. Aurelian
4207:Ion I. Câmpineanu
4140:Ion I. Câmpineanu
4032:
4031:
3979:Anastase Stolojan
3938:Anastase Stolojan
3859:
3858:
3698:
3697:
3568:
3567:
3490:Popescu-Tăriceanu
3443:I. I. C. Brătianu
3433:Dimitrie Brătianu
3383:
3382:
3232:Constantin Doncea
3124:Duiliu Zamfirescu
3064:Grigore Trandafil
3059:Ștefan C. Șendrea
3034:Petre S. Aurelian
2844:
2843:
2440:I. I. C. Brătianu
2203:
2202:
1864:I. I. C. Brătianu
1597:
1596:
1451:Popescu-Tăriceanu
855:România 1866–1947
780:(4): 17–28. 2018.
543:electoral college
459:Russo-Turkish War
383:Otto von Bismarck
324:Partida Națională
188:
187:
117:Dimitrie Brătianu
101:Dimitrie Brătianu
16:(Redirected from
4439:
4287:Dimitrie Sturdza
4272:Dimitrie Sturdza
4238:Ștefan Fălcoianu
4216:Eugeniu Stătescu
4192:Eugeniu Stătescu
4183:Eugeniu Stătescu
4178:Mihail Pherekyde
4172:Dimitrie Sturdza
4150:Mihail Pherekyde
4136:Dimitrie Sturdza
4132:Eugeniu Stătescu
4059:
4052:
4045:
4036:
4035:
3959:Dimitrie Sturdza
3886:
3879:
3872:
3863:
3862:
3725:
3718:
3711:
3702:
3701:
3669:Dimitrie Sturdza
3659:Petre Mavrogheni
3595:
3588:
3581:
3572:
3571:
3556:
3528:
3410:
3403:
3396:
3387:
3386:
3345:Roberta Anastase
3309:
3285:
3247:Gheorghe Apostol
3237:Gheorghe Apostol
3227:Dumitru Petrescu
3217:Dumitru Petrescu
3202:Gheorghe Apostol
3191:
3181:
3169:Mihail Sadoveanu
3154:Ștefan Cicio Pop
3149:Dimitrie Pompeiu
3144:Ștefan Cicio Pop
3099:Mihail Pherekyde
3084:Mihail Pherekyde
3079:Basile M. Missir
3074:Mihail Pherekyde
3054:Mihail Pherekyde
2959:Nicolae Păcleanu
2893:
2871:
2864:
2857:
2848:
2847:
2230:
2223:
2216:
2207:
2206:
1869:Vintilă Brătianu
1624:
1617:
1610:
1601:
1600:
1588:office holders.
1042:
893:
886:
879:
870:
869:
847:
838:Bratianu, Ion C.
826:
824:
823:
811:
810:
808:
806:
788:
782:
781:
770:
764:
763:
755:
749:
748:
747:on Feb 26, 2021.
746:
739:
730:
724:
723:
703:
694:
688:
650:
569:Other activities
554:Grigor Nachovich
518:Dobrujan Muslims
475:Northern Dobruja
279:Imperial Russian
243:Born to wealthy
224:Vintilă Brătianu
201:
196:
165:
145:
143:
131:Personal details
109:
89:
78:
58:
44:
43:
21:
4447:
4446:
4442:
4441:
4440:
4438:
4437:
4436:
4357:Brătianu family
4332:
4331:
4330:
4325:
4311:Ion C. Brătianu
4276:Constantin Nacu
4250:Ion C. Brătianu
4242:Ion C. Brătianu
4234:Ion C. Brătianu
4226:Ion C. Brătianu
4220:Dimitrie Gianni
4212:Constantin Nacu
4168:Constantin Nacu
4156:Ion C. Brătianu
4145:Ion C. Brătianu
4121:Constantin Nacu
4112:Ion C. Brătianu
4104:Ion C. Brătianu
4088:
4084:Ion C. Brătianu
4070:
4067:Ion C. Brătianu
4063:
4033:
4028:
4019:Ion C. Brătianu
4008:Vasile Boerescu
3983:Dimitrie Gianni
3973:Ion C. Brătianu
3964:Ion C. Brătianu
3953:Vasile Boerescu
3932:Ion C. Brătianu
3915:
3911:Ion C. Brătianu
3897:
3894:Ion C. Brătianu
3890:
3860:
3855:
3840:Ion C. Brătianu
3816:Foreign Affairs
3798:Gheorghe Adrian
3788:Ion C. Brătianu
3738:
3729:
3699:
3694:
3679:Lascăr Catargiu
3663:Foreign Affairs
3639:Ion C. Brătianu
3619:Lascăr Catargiu
3605:
3599:
3569:
3564:
3544:
3516:
3475:Ionescu-Quintus
3419:
3414:
3384:
3379:
3355:Florin Iordache
3312:
3310:
3300:
3288:
3286:
3276:
3252:Gheorghe Stoica
3207:Constantin Agiu
3194:
3192:
3182:
3173:
3159:Nicolae Săveanu
3139:Nicolae Săveanu
3039:Dimitrie Gianni
3009:Lascăr Catargiu
2939:Ion C. Brătianu
2929:Lascăr Catargiu
2896:
2894:
2884:
2875:
2845:
2840:
2692:
2629:
2600:Dumitru Popescu
2351:
2247:
2239:
2234:
2204:
2199:
2071:
2028:
1934:Ștefănescu Amza
1760:
1641:
1633:
1628:
1598:
1593:
1571:
1381:
1333:
1067:Ion C. Brătianu
1057:Ion C. Brătianu
1043:
1034:
1030:Ion C. Brătianu
919:
906:
900:Prime Ministers
897:
867:
836:, ed. (1911). "
821:
819:
815:
814:
804:
802:
789:
785:
772:
771:
767:
756:
752:
744:
737:
732:
731:
727:
704:
697:
689:
678:
673:
664:Ion C. Brătianu
644:
603:
591:Treaty of Paris
575:French language
571:
439:Austria-Hungary
427:
403:Lascăr Catargiu
303:
241:
236:
194:
175:Political party
167:
163:
147:
141:
139:
121:Theodor Rosetti
119:
115:
107:
99:
95:
93:Nicolae Golescu
87:
81:
79:
74:
49:
48:Ion C. Brătianu
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4445:
4435:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4327:
4326:
4324:
4323:
4299:
4298:(Public Works)
4282:Nicolae Dabija
4279:
4268:Gheorghe Chițu
4257:
4223:
4202:Nicolae Voinov
4197:Gheorghe Chițu
4188:Gheorghe Chițu
4175:
4160:Gheorghe Chițu
4153:
4129:
4108:Gheorghe Chițu
4096:
4094:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4086:
4080:
4078:
4076:Prime Minister
4072:
4071:
4062:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4039:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4025:(Public Works)
4023:Nicolae Dabija
4016:
4000:
3989:Dimitrie Lecca
3986:
3976:
3969:Ion Câmpineanu
3956:
3950:
3923:
3921:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3913:
3907:
3905:
3903:Prime Minister
3899:
3898:
3889:
3888:
3881:
3874:
3866:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3853:
3850:Dimitrie Gusti
3847:
3836:Ștefan Golescu
3833:
3819:
3812:Ștefan Golescu
3805:
3795:
3780:Ludovic Steege
3777:
3770:Anton I. Arion
3762:Anton I. Arion
3759:
3755:
3754:
3752:Ștefan Golescu
3749:
3747:Prime Minister
3743:
3740:
3739:
3732:Ștefan Golescu
3728:
3727:
3720:
3713:
3705:
3696:
3695:
3693:
3692:
3686:
3676:
3666:
3656:
3646:
3636:
3626:
3622:
3621:
3616:
3614:Prime Minister
3610:
3607:
3606:
3598:
3597:
3590:
3583:
3575:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3557:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3511:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3428:I. C. Brătianu
3424:
3421:
3420:
3413:
3412:
3405:
3398:
3390:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3375:Marcel Ciolacu
3372:
3367:
3365:Marcel Ciolacu
3362:
3357:
3352:
3350:Valeriu Zgonea
3347:
3342:
3340:Bogdan Olteanu
3337:
3335:Adrian Năstase
3332:
3330:Valer Dorneanu
3327:
3325:Ion Diaconescu
3322:
3320:Adrian Năstase
3316:
3314:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3298:
3292:
3290:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3274:
3272:Nicolae Giosan
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3198:
3196:
3184:
3183:
3176:
3174:
3172:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3129:Mihail Orleanu
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3004:Dimitrie Lecca
3001:
2996:
2994:Dimitrie Lecca
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2964:Dimitrie Ghica
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2944:Costache Negri
2941:
2936:
2934:Anastasie Fătu
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2900:
2898:
2886:
2885:
2874:
2873:
2866:
2859:
2851:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2702:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2639:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2465:Constantinescu
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2361:
2359:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2302:I. C. Brătianu
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2253:
2251:
2241:
2240:
2233:
2232:
2225:
2218:
2210:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2081:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2038:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1914:Paul Angelescu
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1770:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1647:
1645:
1635:
1634:
1627:
1626:
1619:
1612:
1604:
1595:
1594:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1562:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1499:
1494:
1487:
1482:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1424:
1419:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1391:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1343:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1053:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
935:
929:
927:
921:
920:
918:
917:
911:
908:
907:
896:
895:
888:
881:
873:
866:
865:
858:
851:Keith Hitchins
848:
834:Chisholm, Hugh
816:
813:
812:
783:
765:
750:
725:
714:(3–4): 36–61.
695:
675:
674:
672:
669:
668:
667:
656:
639:
636:
629:
618:
611:I. C. Brătianu
602:
599:
593:", 1857), and
570:
567:
426:
423:
302:
299:
295:lunatic asylum
240:
237:
235:
232:
208:Dincă Brătianu
186:
185:
182:
181:
176:
172:
171:
166:(aged 69)
160:
156:
155:
137:
133:
132:
128:
127:
124:
123:
113:Dimitrie Ghica
110:
104:
103:
90:
84:
83:
71:
70:
64:
63:
60:
59:
51:
50:
47:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4444:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4339:
4337:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4312:
4307:
4303:
4300:
4297:
4293:
4289:
4288:
4283:
4280:
4277:
4273:
4269:
4265:
4261:
4260:V. A. Urechia
4258:
4255:
4251:
4247:
4243:
4239:
4235:
4231:
4227:
4224:
4221:
4217:
4213:
4209:
4208:
4203:
4199:
4198:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4184:
4179:
4176:
4173:
4169:
4165:
4161:
4157:
4154:
4151:
4147:
4146:
4141:
4137:
4133:
4130:
4127:
4123:
4122:
4117:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4100:C. A. Rosetti
4098:
4097:
4095:
4091:
4085:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4077:
4073:
4068:
4060:
4055:
4053:
4048:
4046:
4041:
4040:
4037:
4024:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4010:
4009:
4004:
4001:
3998:
3994:
3990:
3987:
3984:
3980:
3977:
3974:
3970:
3966:
3965:
3960:
3957:
3954:
3951:
3948:
3944:
3940:
3939:
3934:
3933:
3928:
3925:
3924:
3922:
3918:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3904:
3900:
3895:
3887:
3882:
3880:
3875:
3873:
3868:
3867:
3864:
3851:
3848:
3845:
3841:
3837:
3834:
3831:
3827:
3826:Panait Donici
3823:
3820:
3817:
3813:
3809:
3806:
3803:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3789:
3785:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3741:
3736:
3733:
3726:
3721:
3719:
3714:
3712:
3707:
3706:
3703:
3690:
3689:C. A. Rosetti
3687:
3684:
3680:
3677:
3674:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3650:
3647:
3644:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3630:
3627:
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3458:Dinu Brătianu
3456:
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3370:Ludovic Orban
3368:
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3360:Liviu Dragnea
3358:
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3262:Ștefan Voitec
3260:
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3119:Nicolae Iorga
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3104:Vasile Morțun
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2904:Nifon Rusailă
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2332:C. A. Rosetti
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2017:
2015:
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1721:I.C. Brătianu
1719:
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1699:
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1686:Grigore Ghica
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1352:Gheorghiu-Dej
1350:
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1339:R.P.R.—R.S.R.
1336:
1330:
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1003:
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998:
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991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
980:C. Crețulescu
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
960:N. Crețulescu
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
945:N. Crețulescu
943:
941:
940:
936:
934:
931:
930:
928:
926:
922:
916:
913:
912:
909:
905:
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880:
875:
874:
871:
863:
859:
856:
852:
849:
845:
844:
839:
835:
830:
829:public domain
818:
817:
801:(in Romanian)
800:
799:
794:
787:
779:
775:
769:
761:
754:
743:
735:
729:
721:
717:
713:
709:
702:
700:
692:
691:Chisholm 1911
687:
685:
683:
681:
676:
665:
661:
657:
654:
648:
643:
640:
637:
634:
630:
627:
623:
619:
616:
615:Tulcea County
612:
608:
607:
606:
598:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
566:
563:
557:
555:
551:
546:
544:
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536:
530:
528:
524:
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511:
506:
498:
494:
492:
488:
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476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
455:
453:
449:
444:
440:
431:
422:
420:
419:
413:
409:
408:protectionism
404:
400:
399:German Empire
396:
388:
384:
380:
375:
371:
369:
365:
360:
358:
354:
353:
346:
342:
341:Conservatives
338:
334:
330:
326:
325:
320:
316:
307:
298:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
275:
273:
269:
265:
264:C. A. Rosetti
261:
257:
253:
249:
246:
231:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
200:
192:
183:
180:
177:
173:
170:
161:
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154:
150:
138:
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125:
122:
118:
114:
111:
105:
102:
98:
94:
91:
85:
77:
72:
69:
65:
61:
57:
52:
45:
40:
33:
19:
4320:Nicolae Gane
4310:
4309:
4285:
4249:
4241:
4233:
4225:
4205:
4195:
4181:
4164:George Lecca
4155:
4144:
4143:
4119:
4111:
4103:
4083:
4066:
4018:
4013:Vasile Conta
4006:
3972:
3963:
3962:
3936:
3931:
3930:
3910:
3893:
3545:
3517:
3462:
3427:
2949:Grigore Balș
2938:
2595:Petrovicescu
2525:Vaida-Voevod
2301:
2272:Kogălniceanu
1720:
1589:
1577:
1564:
1557:
1540:
1523:
1501:
1489:
1477:
1460:
1443:
1426:
1414:
1266:
1257:Vaida-Voevod
1247:Vaida-Voevod
1182:Vaida-Voevod
1066:
1056:
1029:
950:Kogălniceanu
937:
861:
854:
841:
805:December 24,
803:. Retrieved
796:
786:
777:
768:
753:
742:the original
728:
711:
663:
609:The commune
604:
594:
586:
582:
578:
572:
558:
547:
531:
523:Moses Gaster
515:
456:
443:Transylvania
436:
415:
392:
378:
361:
349:
343:against the
322:
312:
276:
242:
190:
189:
164:(1891-05-16)
162:May 16, 1891
149:Argeș County
146:June 2, 1821
108:Succeeded by
75:
18:Ion Brătianu
4347:1891 deaths
4342:1821 births
3737:(1867-1868)
3448:V. Brătianu
3296:Marțian Dan
2585:Ghelmegeanu
2565:Franasovici
2505:Cămărășescu
2445:Marghiloman
2415:Cantacuzino
2292:L. Catargiu
2257:B. Catargiu
2130:Frunzăverde
2115:Frunzăverde
2090:Stănculescu
1939:Samsonovici
1844:Crăiniceanu
1217:V. Brătianu
1162:Marghiloman
1127:Cantacuzino
1112:Cantacuzino
1092:L. Catargiu
1077:L. Catargiu
1062:D. Brătianu
1015:L. Catargiu
970:L. Catargiu
933:B. Catargiu
645: [
601:In memoriam
562:impeachment
452:World War I
448:irredentism
414:Romanians (
337:land reform
88:Preceded by
4336:Categories
4292:Radu Mihai
4174:(Finances)
4116:Radu Mihai
3975:(Finances)
3552:ad interim
3524:ad interim
3313:since 1992
3242:Ion Vincze
2878:Presidents
2736:C. Ionescu
2688:Postelnicu
2500:Argetoianu
2455:T. Ionescu
2380:T. Rosetti
2317:A. Golescu
2307:Ș. Golescu
2267:Crețulescu
2140:Stănișoară
1959:Ilasievici
1904:Mărdărescu
1879:Grigorescu
1874:Iancovescu
1854:Argetoianu
1814:Budișteanu
1746:Slăniceanu
1711:Haralambie
1656:Macedonski
1582:ad interim
1377:Dăscălescu
1299:Argetoianu
1000:A. Golescu
990:N. Golescu
985:Ș. Golescu
671:References
425:Prominence
364:Republican
239:Early life
228:Ion Pillat
142:1821-06-02
4222:(Justice)
4093:Ministers
3985:(Justice)
3920:Ministers
3758:Ministers
3649:Ion Ghica
3625:Ministers
3495:Antonescu
3289:1990–1992
3195:1948–1989
2897:1862–1947
2816:Tudorache
2683:Homoștean
2643:Georgescu
2625:Georgescu
2615:Sănătescu
2575:Marinescu
2570:Călinescu
2560:Tătărescu
2545:Mironescu
2535:Mihalache
2475:Văitoianu
2470:Sărățeanu
2410:Pherekyde
2342:Teriachiu
2150:Dobrițoiu
2135:Meleșcanu
2014:Negulescu
2009:Sănătescu
1989:Nicolescu
1979:Călinescu
1964:Antonescu
1949:Tătărescu
1929:Condeescu
1884:Văitoianu
1849:Filipescu
1819:Stoicescu
1779:Fălcoianu
1736:Pencovici
1691:Iacovache
1681:Sămășescu
1651:Vlădoianu
1580:indicate
1514:Grindeanu
1468:Ungureanu
1445:Bejinariu
1428:Athanasiu
1319:Sănătescu
1314:Antonescu
1304:Tătărescu
1289:Călinescu
1274:Tătărescu
1268:Angelescu
1237:Mironescu
1227:Mironescu
1177:Văitoianu
1147:Maiorescu
720:0204-8906
653:Timișoara
234:Biography
153:Wallachia
76:In office
4126:Interior
3947:Interior
3844:Interior
3683:Interior
3500:Iohannis
3485:Stolojan
3470:Câmpeanu
2726:Tărăcilă
2668:Stănescu
2658:Drăghici
2648:Drăghici
2530:Popovici
2485:Averescu
2480:Mârzescu
2450:C. Arion
2425:Aurelian
2420:Olănescu
2347:Stătescu
2337:Stolojan
2327:Vernescu
2322:Epureanu
2312:A. Arion
2297:I. Ghica
2287:D. Ghica
2282:Florescu
2170:Țuțuianu
2125:Atanasiu
2085:Militaru
2042:Bodnăraș
2004:Racoviță
1994:Iacobici
1974:Ciupercă
1969:Argeșanu
1954:Irimescu
1909:Mircescu
1834:Averescu
1824:Berindei
1804:Catargiu
1799:Lahovary
1794:Vlădescu
1716:Gherghel
1666:Florescu
1661:Cornescu
1503:Cîmpeanu
1434:Isărescu
1405:Văcăroiu
1400:Stolojan
1294:Argeșanu
1202:Averescu
1187:Averescu
1157:Averescu
1102:Aurelian
1087:Florescu
1025:Epureanu
1020:Florescu
1010:I. Ghica
1005:Epureanu
995:D. Ghica
975:I. Ghica
965:I. Ghica
798:Adevărul
539:electors
379:Ghimpele
345:Domnitor
319:Moldavia
291:sedition
212:Dimitrie
4065:Fourth
3792:Finance
3774:Justice
3735:cabinet
3643:Finance
3633:Justice
3509:Gorghiu
3438:Sturdza
2880:of the
2766:Dragnea
2746:Săniuță
2721:Dănescu
2620:Rădescu
2610:Penescu
2580:Ottescu
2550:Inculeț
2515:Știrbey
2430:Pallade
2400:Sturdza
2385:Știrbei
2277:Bosianu
2262:Arsache
2110:Ionescu
2095:Spiroiu
2062:Olteanu
2047:Sălăjan
2019:Rașcanu
1999:Pantazi
1919:Cihoski
1889:Rășcanu
1839:Stelian
1829:Sturdza
1809:Poenaru
1789:Barozzi
1701:Solomon
1671:Golescu
1578:Italics
1566:Ciolacu
1559:Predoiu
1531:Dăncilă
1462:Predoiu
1439:Năstase
1410:Ciorbea
1367:Mănescu
1324:Rădescu
1309:Gigurtu
1284:Cristea
1207:Știrbey
1192:Ionescu
1132:Sturdza
1122:Sturdza
1107:Sturdza
1097:Sturdza
1072:Rosetti
955:Bosianu
939:Arsache
904:Romania
831::
666:(F-46).
626:Pitești
491:Kingdom
283:Ottoman
252:Pitești
204:Romania
3892:Third
3548:acting
3542:Flutur
3520:acting
3514:Turcan
3480:Stoica
2716:Babiuc
2706:Chițac
2663:Onescu
2653:Ștefan
2460:Morțun
2405:Lascăr
2195:Tîlvăr
2105:Babiuc
2052:Ioniță
2024:Lascăr
1899:Holban
1894:Moșoiu
1859:Hârjeu
1756:Dabija
1751:Cernat
1676:Adrian
1586:acting
1519:Tudose
1509:Cioloș
1422:Vasile
1372:Verdeț
1362:Maurer
1357:Stoica
1167:Coandă
825:
718:
412:Jewish
387:German
272:police
248:boyars
222:, and
3560:Ciucă
3532:Orban
3505:Blaga
2806:Oprea
2801:Stroe
2786:Berca
2776:Blaga
2761:Oprea
2756:David
2751:Blaga
2731:Dejeu
2678:Coman
2605:Aldea
2540:Iorga
2435:Haret
2395:Fleva
2370:Mihai
2365:Chițu
2190:Dîncu
2185:Ciucă
2175:Fifor
2160:Motoc
2145:Oprea
2120:Pașcu
2100:Tinca
2067:Milea
2057:Coman
1984:Ilcuș
1924:Maniu
1706:Lecca
1553:Ciucă
1542:Ciucă
1536:Orban
1525:Fifor
1497:Ponta
1491:Oprea
1485:Ponta
1479:Oprea
1473:Ponta
1416:Dejeu
1395:Roman
1347:Groza
1329:Groza
1252:Maniu
1242:Iorga
1232:Maniu
1222:Maniu
745:(PDF)
738:(PDF)
649:]
633:Hațeg
260:Paris
245:Argeș
216:Ionel
3537:Cîțu
3507:and
3453:Duca
2836:Bode
2831:Vela
2826:Moga
2811:Tobă
2796:Dușa
2781:Igaș
2771:Nica
2711:Ursu
2673:Bobu
2555:Iuca
2520:Duca
2510:Goga
2495:Lupu
2490:Vlad
2390:Manu
2375:Nacu
2155:Dușa
1944:Uică
1741:Tell
1731:Manu
1726:Duca
1696:Manu
1590:Bold
1548:Cîțu
1279:Goga
1262:Duca
1142:Carp
1117:Carp
1082:Manu
807:2021
716:ISSN
658:The
620:The
416:see
350:the
281:and
220:Dinu
159:Died
136:Born
4254:War
3997:War
3802:War
3653:War
2821:Dan
2791:Rus
2741:Rus
2180:Leș
2165:Leș
1456:Boc
902:of
840:".
651:in
624:in
613:in
454:).
250:in
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776:.
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698:^
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