20:
109:, the Civilian Review Board will also investigate the complaint, but they will do so independently. When the investigation begins, everything is documented and all employees, complainants, and witnesses are interviewed. Any physical evidence is analyzed and past behaviors of the officer in question are reviewed. Dispatch tapes, police reports, tickets, audio, and videotapes are all reviewed if available. Many controversies arise because an officer investigating police misconduct may show favoritism and/or hold grudges particularly when a single officer is conducting the investigation. Some departments hire uninvolved officers or include another department or a special unit to conduct the investigation.
83:(law enforcement officers) within California. The bill, among other provisions; restricts where and when a peace officer may be interviewed regarding the subject of an investigation; codifies the right of the peace officer being questioned to have a personal and/or legal representative present at most proceedings; guarantees the right of appeal to any non-probationary peace officer subject to punitive action by the agency; and requires that a peace officer being interviewed regarding an alleged criminal act be advised of their constitutional rights and protections (I.e. that they be
118:
have the executive officer, the accused's supervisor, or another police department conduct an investigation. The state police may also be asked to investigate criminal behavior, but they do not deal in minor misconduct or rule violation cases. However, allowing another department to investigate can reportedly result in lower morale among the officers because it is said it can appear as an admission that the department cannot handle their own affairs.
95:
The internal affairs function is not an enforcement function, but rather a policing function that works to report only. The concept of internal affairs is very broad and unique to each police department. However, the sole purpose to having an internal affairs unit is to investigate and find the truth
117:
Larger agencies have the resources to have separate units for internal affairs, but smaller agencies – which do not have the luxury – are more common, with 87% of police departments in the United States employing 25 or fewer sworn officers. Smaller agencies that do not have sufficient resources may
145:, the Internal Affairs Division must properly file a complaint before the committee can officially investigate. Complaints involving police misuse of force will be brought to the Civilian Review Board, but citizens can request the committee to investigate any other issues of misconduct.
134:, California, has its Office of Citizen Complaints, created by voter initiative in 1983, in which citizens who have never been members of the San Francisco Police Department investigate complaints of police misconduct filed against members of the San Francisco Police Department.
61:, "a police force policing itself". The names used by internal affairs divisions vary between agencies and jurisdictions; for example, they may be known as the internal investigations division (usually referred to as IID), professional standards or responsibility,
104:
The circumstances of the complaint determine who will be investigating the complaint. The investigation of alleged misconduct by police officers can be conducted by the internal affairs unit, an executive police officer, or an outside agency. In the
126:
Several police departments in the USA have been compelled to institute citizen review or investigation of police misconduct complaints in response to community perception that internal affairs investigations are biased in favor of police officers.
72:
command but report directly to the head of internal affairs whom themselves typically report directly to the head of the parent agency, or to a board of civilian commissioners.
191:
169:
96:
to what occurred when an officer is accused of misconduct. An investigation can also give insight on a policy itself that may have issues.
79:, the Peace Officers Bill of Rights (POBR) is a mandated set of rules found in the California Government Code which applies to most
68:
Due to the sensitive nature of this responsibility, in many departments, officers employed in an internal affairs unit are not in a
230:
385:
274:
251:
224:
175:
75:
Internal affairs investigators are generally bound by stringent rules when conducting their investigations. For example, in
240:
201:
19:
106:
185:
181:
154:
395:
390:
159:
211:
380:
46:
24:
195:
163:
8:
234:
246:
62:
32:
217:
138:, has a similar office, created in 1999, known as the Office of Police Complaints.
271:
311:
Inside internal affairs: An in depth look at the people, process, & politics.
278:
58:
135:
84:
80:
374:
300:
Kelly, S.F. (2003). Internal
Affairs. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 72(7), 1.
131:
57:
attributed to members of the parent force. It is thus a mechanism of limited
76:
54:
69:
362:
344:
Courtney, K.M. (1996). "Internal affairs in the small agency".
205:
50:
142:
329:
Salt Lake City Police
Department. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
283:
Peace
Officers Research Association of California (PORAC)
282:
49:
that investigates incidents and possible suspicions of
192:Independent Broad-based Anti-corruption Commission
372:
170:His Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary
313:Flushing, NY: Looseleaf Law Publications.
252:Law Enforcement Civilian Oversight Boards
343:
121:
18:
325:Kunz, C. "Management Services Bureau".
373:
16:A division of a law enforcement agency
176:Independent Office for Police Conduct
65:, internal review board, or similar.
23:Emblem of the Internal Affairs Unit,
339:
337:
335:
321:
319:
296:
294:
292:
290:
241:Independent Police Conduct Authority
155:List of police complaint authorities
264:
231:Garda Síochána Ombudsman Commission
13:
14:
407:
332:
316:
287:
112:
99:
63:inspector or inspectorate general
363:D.C. Office of Police Complaints
107:Salt Lake City Police Department
386:Police oversight organizations
356:
303:
1:
272:Peace Officers Bill of Rights
257:
346:FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin
7:
225:Special Investigations Unit
182:Police Integrity Commission
148:
90:
10:
412:
160:Office of Police Integrity
30:
31:Not to be confused with
202:Investigative Committee
47:law enforcement agency
28:
122:Civilian review board
45:) is a division of a
25:National Police Corps
22:
277:2015-05-05 at the
247:Community Policing
29:
396:Police misconduct
391:Police corruption
352:(9 ed.): 12.
309:Hein, J. (2013).
227:(Ontario, Canada)
53:and professional
33:Interior ministry
403:
365:
360:
354:
353:
341:
330:
323:
314:
307:
301:
298:
285:
268:
218:Infernal Affairs
141:In the state of
41:(often known as
39:Internal affairs
411:
410:
406:
405:
404:
402:
401:
400:
381:Law enforcement
371:
370:
369:
368:
361:
357:
342:
333:
324:
317:
308:
304:
299:
288:
279:Wayback Machine
269:
265:
260:
151:
124:
115:
102:
93:
59:self-governance
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
409:
399:
398:
393:
388:
383:
367:
366:
355:
331:
315:
302:
286:
262:
261:
259:
256:
255:
254:
249:
244:
238:
228:
222:
214:
209:
199:
189:
179:
173:
167:
157:
150:
147:
136:Washington, DC
123:
120:
114:
113:Small agencies
111:
101:
100:Investigations
98:
92:
89:
81:peace officers
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
408:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
378:
376:
364:
359:
351:
347:
340:
338:
336:
328:
322:
320:
312:
306:
297:
295:
293:
291:
284:
280:
276:
273:
267:
263:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:, New Zealand
242:
239:
236:
232:
229:
226:
223:
220:
219:
215:
213:
210:
207:
203:
200:
197:
193:
190:
187:
183:
180:
177:
174:
171:
168:
165:
161:
158:
156:
153:
152:
146:
144:
139:
137:
133:
132:San Francisco
130:For example,
128:
119:
110:
108:
97:
88:
86:
82:
78:
73:
71:
66:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
34:
26:
21:
358:
349:
345:
326:
310:
305:
266:
216:
198:, Australia)
188:, Australia)
166:, Australia)
140:
129:
125:
116:
103:
94:
74:
67:
42:
38:
37:
327:SLCgov.com.
375:Categories
258:References
85:Mirandized
77:California
55:misconduct
270:Text of "
70:detective
275:Archived
149:See also
91:Function
51:criminal
235:Ireland
212:Provost
27:(Spain)
221:(film)
206:Russia
281:" -
178:(UK)
172:(UK)
143:Utah
196:VIC
186:NSW
164:VIC
162:, (
87:).
377::
350:65
348:.
334:^
318:^
289:^
43:IA
237:)
233:(
208:)
204:(
194:(
184:(
35:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.