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peripheral vision and the bulkiness of the system that restricted their movement. In an "unusually stinging" report, the
Department of Defense Inspector General stated that the US Army wasn't effectively measuring user satisfaction with IVAS and that it was "wasting money" if soldiers don't like the system. The Army contested the report's conclusions, describing them as "fundamentally flawed and inflammatory", although the Army partially agreed with recommendations to better measure acceptance of the system.
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computer, with the controller now able to be attached to any part of the upper torso and the computer being mounted on the rear of the helmet. The previous helmet-like display was replaced by a flat display with better clarity, better line-of-sight, and also a hinge that allows the display to be flipped up. As a result, the field of view was reduced from 70 degrees to 60 degrees. The thermal camera was also being improved to increase clarity while reducing power consumption.
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these units were still early versions of the IVAS and would require future software upgrades. However, in
November 2022, the US Army announced a "course correction" to the program, due to soldiers reporting physical ailments after using IVAS in the field. The main symptoms were headaches, eye strain, and nausea. A report by the
340:
In
February 2019, not long after the contract for developing IVAS was signed between Microsoft and the US Army, more than 50 employees signed a petition calling for Microsoft to cancel the contract, saying that they "didn't want to become war profiteers". The petition stated that Microsoft had misled
297:
Initial operational testing of IVAS began in May 2022 and concluded in late June, although at the time it was believed that the fielding of IVAS in
September was unlikely. Nevertheless, in September 2022, the US Army began accepting 5,000 units of the IVAS and was planning to field them, even though
242:
Early models of IVAS were very similar to civilian HoloLens 2 headsets, which were not resistant to inclement weather and could not even function in rain. IVAS entered its third iteration in
October 2020, the first version to be ruggedized for military use. The system was tested in late October 2020
185:
imagery via the IVAS headset to help train soldiers in combat. Navigation applications can display maps of terrain and interiors of buildings, and show the positions of friendly and enemy forces. New kinds of software can also be developed and uploaded to expand IVAS's capabilities; examples include
323:
Problems still existed in the new version. The newly added "Squad
Immersive Virtual Trainer" encountered an issue known as "dynamic occlusion limitations", which was the inability of augmented reality devices to simulate how the user's view of virtual objects was blocked by real objects. Experts in
380:
report published in
January 2023 criticized the performance of IVAS 1.0 in tests. It stated that most soldiers testing the IVAS headset reported a wide range of physical impairments and numerous technical deficiencies that negatively impacted their performance. It found that soldiers accomplished
319:
In March 2023, following the "course correction" to the program with
Microsoft, the US Army exhibited IVAS version 1.2. Although the new variant was still based on the civilian HoloLens headset, there had been some changes from previous versions, such as the separation of the controller from the
372:
Soldiers involved in testing IVAS also expressed their dissatisfaction with the system. One soldier commented that "the devices would have gotten us killed", referring to the glow emitted by the headset that can be seen from hundreds of meters away. They were also concerned about the limited
388:, believed that the program is "on a good track", saying: "I think early returns are positive, which is a good thing to see." A news release from the US Army stated that despite the previous delays, IVAS will still be fielded "several years ahead of standard acquisition programs".
360:
request for the Army's IVAS goggles. It also wanted the US Army to submit a report detailing the acquisition strategy for the IVAS program by 15 August 2021. In March 2022, considering the numerous technical issues the program encountered, Congress again withheld approximately
168:
The latest version of IVAS, version 1.2, weighs 3.4 pounds (1.5 kg), although developers are working to reduce this to the target weight of 2.9 pounds (1.3 kg). The computer is attached to the back of the helmet to distribute weight and move the
302:
raised concerns that these problems may lead to soldiers not using the system even if it was issued to them. The US Army and
Microsoft decided to renegotiate their contract and redesign the form factor while still planning to field 10,000 initial units.
331:
for the next stage of the program, which included the delivery of 280 pre-production and "production representative" IVAS 1.2 systems for testing in Fiscal Year 2024, aiming to field an improved version of IVAS in Fiscal Year 2025.
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Software installed in the computer allows IVAS to perform many functions. Version 1.2 introduced an embedded training tool known as the "Squad
Immersive Virtual Trainer", a piece of software that can project holographic and
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On 26 March 2021, Microsoft was awarded a "fixed price production agreement" by the United States Army to manufacture and supply IVAS headsets. Microsoft would produce headsets for at least 120,000 members of the
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Its development begun in 2018 and is currently undergoing testing. Initially intended to be fielded in 2021, ergonomic and reliability issues have pushed this date back to 2025. Soldiers and offices of the
233:
first approved IVAS's development effort on 25 September 2018, and an Other Transaction Agreement for the development of IVAS was issued to Microsoft in November 2018. Initial testing began in March 2019.
114:. It is intended to improve situational awareness by overlaying sensor imagery and other information on the soldier's field of view. Originally developed for infantry, it is also being adapted for use by
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In September 2021, an "Adversarial Electronic Warfare and Cybersecurity Test" of IVAS was conducted. In mid-October, the system's "Operational Test and fielding" was moved to 2022. David Patterson,
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The system consists of a display, a computer known as a "puck", a networked data radio, and three conformal batteries. The display can augment the soldier's vision with imagery from
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their missions better with their current equipment than with IVAS. Furthermore, there were no improvements and even declines in the system's reliability throughout its development.
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its engineers on how their products would be used; rather than being beneficial for civilians, they believed that the Hololens is now being used to "help people kill".
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After nearly 2 years in development, the final IVAS Capability Set 4 system was scheduled to be fielded in 2021. Over 40,000 sets were planned to be issued.
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Director of Public Affairs, said: "The Army intends to continue developing and fielding this revolutionary, first-of-its-kind technology in FY22."
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teams. By June 2021, the US Army announced it was expanding IVAS tests to include aircrews for helicopters and drones. In comparison to the
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headset. It intends to provide soldiers with "improved situational awareness, target engagement, and informed decision-making".
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Testing of IVAS 1.2 began in August after 20 prototypes were delivered to the US Army. Microsoft was awarded another
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the field had yet to find a general solution to the issue, although the US Army stated that it would work to fix it.
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have repeatedly criticized the device and its development process for issues with technology and project management.
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Despite the numerous issues and criticisms, the US Army remained optimistic about the program. Doug Bush, the
1028:"Course correction: US Army renegotiating USD22 billion IVAS contract, eyeing path for different form factor"
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sensors. The radio allows data from the soldiers' individual IVAS headsets to be passed among members of the
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895:"U.S. Army postpones its $ 22 billion Microsoft augmented-reality headset deliverables to late 2022"
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helmet that must be custom-built for each pilot, IVAS attached to any helmet, was estimated to cost
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In March 2021, the U.S. Army announced that IVAS was being tested with mounted soldiers, such as on
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1256:"Microsoft CEO defends US military contract that some employees say crosses a line | CNN Business"
517:"Last stand for IVAS? New challenges, delays as Army debates future of augmented reality goggles"
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251:. The test was to get soldier feedback and refine the system for eventual battlefield use.
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per unit, and could optionally work independently of the aircraft when the crew dismounts.
8:
1450:"IVAS' Campaign of Learning Ensures Development, Production and Fielding Remain on Track"
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1355:"Congress puts $ 349M for IVAS 'on hold,' but Army sees major boost to counter drones"
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in funding for the program until IVAS completed its initial operation testing and the
959:"US Army weighing IVAS production decision, unlikely to meet September fielding date"
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1159:"Army awards Microsoft $ 95M for additional IVAS 1.2 headsets, virtual trainers"
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The various issues in the system's development have often caused concern in the
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1419:"Army could be 'wasting' $ 22B if soldiers don't like IVAS: Inspector General"
1190:"'We won't be war profiteers': Microsoft workers protest $ 480m army contract"
926:"US Army greenlights IVAS initial operational test and evaluation for mid-May"
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1386:"Microsoft's smart goggles 'would have got us killed', army reportedly says"
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Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology
1322:"Lawmakers call for IVAS procurement cuts, US Army weighing implications"
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1092:"Changes ahead in the next version of the Army's 'mixed reality' goggle"
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582:"Army's mixed reality device nears fielding with final testing in 2024"
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Although it is unknown when the idea for IVAS was first conceived, the
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1289:"Congress cuts some funding for Army's cutting edge, do-it-all goggle"
701:"Pentagon budget 2022: US Army plans to spend USD29,205 per IVAS unit"
992:"US Army receiving early IVAS units, will roll out software upgrades"
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Version 1.2 with flat display and computer on the rear of the helmet
1227:
414:"The Army's next-generation headset is almost ready for prime time"
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731:"Director, Operational Test and Evaluation FY 2019 Annual Report"
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briefed the appropriations committees on the program's progress.
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of 60 degrees, using a flat display that can be flipped upwards.
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830:"Microsoft wins $ 22 billion deal making headsets for US Army"
551:"Army accepts prototypes of the most advanced version of IVAS"
608:"The Army's New Goggles Let Soldiers See Right Through Walls"
1125:"Army's pricey IVAS goggles meet a training obstacle: Doors"
670:"F-35 helmet costs $ 400,000 — 4 times that of predecessor"
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IVAS is an augmented reality system based on the Microsoft
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477:"FY 2022 DOT&E Annual Report submitted to Congress"
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Soldier dons IVAS 1.2 Prototype during user assessment.
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639:"US Army Integrates IVAS Headsets For Aircraft Crews"
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861:"IVAS: Microsoft Award By Army Worth Up To $ 21.9B"
1254:Riley, Charles; Burke, Samuel (25 February 2019).
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768:"From 'Frankengoggle' To Battle-Ready: Army IVAS"
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300:Department of Defense Office of Inspector General
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1223:"Microsoft staff: Do not use HoloLens for war"
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352:. In December 2020, Congress decided to cut
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766:Freedberg Jr., Sydney J. (5 October 2020).
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803:U.S. Army Program Executive Office Soldier
448:U.S. Army Program Executive Office Soldier
859:Freedberg Jr, Sydney J. (31 March 2021).
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738:Director, Operational Test and Evaluation
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378:Director, Operational Test and Evaluation
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484:Director Operational Test and Evaluation
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263:IVAS Capability Set 4 during testing at
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1188:Wong, Julia Carrie (22 February 2019).
1059:Atherton, Kelsey D. (22 October 2022).
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25:Integrated Visual Augmentation System
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778:from the original on 5 October 2023
668:Swarts, Phillip (26 October 2015).
247:by some Marines and members of the
13:
1448:Shear, Frederick (14 March 2023).
1429:from the original on 22 April 2022
1353:Eversden, Andrew (11 March 2022).
990:Roque, Ashley (9 September 2022).
893:Foley, Mary Jo (15 October 2021).
871:from the original on 31 March 2021
840:from the original on 22 April 2021
809:from the original on 31 March 2021
797:Patterson, David (31 March 2021).
549:Shear, Frederick (1 August 2023).
14:
1531:
1476:
1301:from the original on 4 April 2021
1157:Harper, Jon (21 September 2023).
1104:from the original on 9 April 2023
1026:Roque, Ashley (9 November 2022).
454:from the original on 1 April 2021
412:Keller, Jared (3 November 2020).
16:US Army augmented reality headset
1482:
1071:from the original on 15 May 2023
799:"IVAS Production Contract Award"
740:. 20 December 2019. p. 85.
637:Cureton, Demond (30 June 2021).
580:South, Todd (29 December 2023).
493:from the original on 15 May 2023
444:"IVAS Production Contract Award"
367:Program Executive Office Soldier
190:for machine gunners, generating
31:
1441:
1410:
1384:Smith, Adam (13 October 2022).
1377:
1346:
1320:Roque, Ashley (11 March 2022).
1313:
1287:South, Todd (9 December 2020).
1247:
1214:
1181:
1123:Roque, Ashley (3 August 2023).
1116:
1083:
1061:"Why the Army hates AR goggles"
1052:
983:
950:
917:
828:O'Brien, Matt (31 March 2021).
759:
723:
606:Mizokami, Kyle (8 March 2021).
278:. The contract was worth up to
198:assisted by augmented reality.
1221:Lee, Dave (22 February 2019).
957:Roque, Ashley (27 July 2022).
573:
436:
224:
1:
1417:Ferran, Lee (22 April 2022).
699:Roque, Ashley (1 June 2021).
515:Roque, Ashley (10 May 2023).
486:. January 2023. p. 110.
391:
1090:South, Todd (5 April 2023).
924:Roque, Ashley (5 May 2022).
335:
164:Mounted soldier wearing IVAS
7:
1505:United States Army projects
106:headset being developed by
10:
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1327:Janes Information Services
1033:Janes Information Services
997:Janes Information Services
964:Janes Information Services
931:Janes Information Services
231:Army Acquisition Executive
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88:3.4 lb (1.5 kg)
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51:Place of origin
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46:Augmented reality headset
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836:. The Associated Press.
203:Bradley Fighting Vehicle
194:reports, and conducting
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276:Army Close Combat Force
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350:United States Congress
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249:82nd Airborne Division
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118:soldiers and aircrew.
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124:Department of Defense
1491:at Wikimedia Commons
173:. The display has a
265:Fort Greely, Alaska
1510:Microsoft hardware
418:Task & Purpose
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112:United States Army
59:Production history
1520:Augmented reality
1487:Media related to
834:The Seattle Times
612:Popular Mechanics
450:. 31 March 2021.
280:US$ 21.88 billion
151:low-light imaging
104:augmented reality
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