1347:"Was er verstanden hat ist zweifellos dies, die Darlegungen der 1. Auflage unseres Buches als geistesgeschichtliche Entwicklungen abzustreiten und ins Persönliche zu verbiegen. Wir lehnen grundsĂ€tzlich diese Logik, die die englischen Empiristen und Sensualisten als die "groĂen EnglĂ€nder, Locke, Berkeley, Hume" priest (so Heinrich Scholz ibid. S. 15) ab und finden es nachgerade an der Zeit, einmal von den "GroĂen Deutschen" zu sprechen."
921:
907:
1345:
personal. We fundamentally reject this formal mathematical logic, which praises the
English empiricists and sensory philosophers such as "the Great Englishmen Locke, Berkeley, Hume" (Heinrich Scholz on page 15), and by now find it really time to speak for once about the "Great Germans"." (Original German text by Max Steck:
606:
Erkenntnistheorie fehlt im
Formalismus") and on the only page of his main work where he connects formalism and Jews he mentions that "Jews were the actual trendsetters of formalism" ("die eigentlichen Schrittmacher des Formalismus"). In response to this, Bieberbach asked Scholz to write an article for
619:
What Scholz has understood is doubtless this, to obtain from the German State huge amounts of publication money for this logic production. We fundamentally reject this logic which praises the
English empiricists and sensory philosophers such as the Englishmen Locke, Berkeley, Hume, and by now find it
465:
Scholz's feeling for structure was no small thing. He apparently felt that when having guests for dinner: (1) no more than six people should be invited; (2) there must be an excellent menu; (3) a discussion theme must be planned; and (4) the guests should have prepared themselves as much as possible
498:
at King's and one from a proffessor in
Germany... They seemed very much interested in the paper. I think possibly it is making a certain amount of impression. I was disappointed by its reception here. I expected Weyl who had done some work connected quite closely with it some years ago at least to
401:
to teach religious philosophy and systematic theology. In the same year he married his fiancée, Elisabeth Orth. Due to 8 years of continuous gastric trouble, he was exempted from military service. In 1919, he underwent an operation in which he believed to be a large part of his stomach was removed.
614:
by Steck, which was surprising since
Bieberbach led the Nazi mathematicians' attack on Jewish mathematics. Ensuring that Hilbert was not considered "Jewish", Scholz wrote "What does formalised study of the foundations of mathematics aim at?." Scholz had received funding from Bieberbach as early as
652:
In the late 2000s, Achim
Clausing was tasked with going through the remaining estate of Scholz at MĂŒnster University, and while going through the archive papers in the basement of the Institute of Computer Science, Clausing discovered two original prints of the most important publication of Alan
605:
approach which he described as Jewish â the worst possible insult in
Germany at this time. Max Steck acknowledged the "per se outstanding achievement of formalism" ("an sich betrachtet einmaligen Leistung des Formalismus"), but criticized the "missing epistemological component" ("Jede eigentliche
1344:
Max Steck, Das
Hauptproblem der Mathematik, 2nd edition, Georg LĂŒttke Verlag, Berlin, 1943, page 157; direct quotation from Max Steck's book: "What Scholz has understood is doubtless this, to renounce the statements of the first edition of our book as belonging to the history of thought and turn
55:
1646:
581:
in 1940. In
October 1940, Scholz received a reply for the education minister which stated he had "injured the national honour" and was forbidden to send further petitions. Salamucha was later released but killed by the Nazis in 1944 However, Scholz persisted, first helping
519:
was born. His professorship was rededicated in 1936 to a lectureship for mathematical logic and fundamental research and in 1943 the first chair in
Germany for mathematical logic and fundamental research. The MĂŒnster Chair is still regarded as one of the best in Germany.
1046:, "It is the only track that I leave '. documents about the history of the Institute of Mathematical Logic and basic research," In: Heinrich Scholz: logician, philosopher, theologian, ed. by H.-C. Schmidt am Busch and K. F. Wehmeier, mentis Verlag, Paderborn 2005, 93â101.
569:
as a "small-minded Prussian nationalist". Behnke found discussing political issues difficult. In the beginning the Nazi laws helped establish MĂŒnster as an important centre for Logic as other university staff at Göttingen and Berlin Universities were being obliterated.
317:. He provided a suitable academic environment for his students to thrive. He founded the Institute of Mathematical Logic and Fundamental Research at the University of MĂŒnster in 1936, which can be said enabled the study of logic at the highest international level after
448:
he began studying logic, which he had abandoned in his youth to study theology, leading later to a study of mathematics and theoretical physics by taking an undergraduate degree at Kiel. However another factor in his change of focus was the mathematician
1653:
489:
In the 1930s, he maintained contact with Alan Turing who later â in a letter home dated 22 February 1937 â wrote with regard to the reception of his article "On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem":
1639:
17:
1468:
Meschkowski, Herbert (1984), "Heinrich Scholz. Zum 100. Geburtstag des Grundlagenforschers" [Heinrich Scholz. On the occasion of the 100th Birthday of the fundamental researcher],
1286:
Kai F. Wehmeier and Hans-Christoph Schmidt am Busch, "In Search of Frege's estate." In: Gottlob Frege: Works and Impact, ed. by G. Gabriel and U. Dathe, mentis Verlag, Paderborn 2005, 267â281.
1021:
654:
299:
461:
encouraged Scholz interest in mathematics. Indeed, Segal suggests that Scholz love of structure was also an important factor in his move into mathematical logic, describing it this:
309:
Scholz had an extraordinary career (he was considered an outstanding scientist of national importance) but was not considered a brilliant logician, for example on the same level as
511:. Right from the time he arrived at MĂŒnster, Scholz worked towards building a school of mathematical logic. By 1935, his research team at MĂŒnster were being referred to as the
657:" from 1936, which Scholz had requested, and a postcard from Turing. Based on the work by Turing and conversations with Scholz, Clausing stated " the world's first
2202:
573:
On 14 March 1940, Scholz sent a letter to the Education department of occupied Poland, seeking the release of Jan Salamucha, who had been professor of theology at
1700:
378:
2160:
1486:
Aus dem Dunklen ins Helle. Wissenschaft und Theologie im Denken von Heinrich Scholz. Mit unveröffentlichten Thesenreihen von Heinrich Scholz und Karl Barth
2249:
593:
Although Scholz recognized the true nature of the Nazis and abhorred them from mid-1942 onwards, he remained on good terms with Nazi academics like
565:. Describing himself a conservative nationalist, describing himself as such "We felt like Prussians right to the bone,"" and described by his friend
1490:
Out of the Darkness to the Light. Science and Theology in the Thoughts of Heinrich Scholz. With unpublished sets of theses of Heinrich Scholz and
1307:
Max Steck: "Mathematik als Begriff und Gestalt" (i.e. "Mathematics as concept and model"), Max Niemeyer Verlag, Halle (Saale), 1942, pages 27, 28.
1265:
The Essential Turing: Seminal Writings in Computing, Logic, Philosophy, Artificial Intelligence, and Artificial Life: Plus the Secrets of Enigma
60:
1448:
306:
at King's and one from a professor in Germany... They seemed very much interested in the paper. I was disappointed by its reception here."
425:
working as head of the Institute for Mathematical Logic and Fundamental Research at MĂŒnster until he retired in 1952 as professor emeritus.
2259:
1263:
Copeland, B. Jack, ed. (2004), "Systems of Logic Based on Ordinals (1938), including excerpts from Turing's correspondence, 1936â1938",
850:
507:, his study into mathematical logic and basic research, provided many of the critical insights, that contributed to the foundations of
2244:
2239:
2113:
2023:
661:
on computer science." The second work, which was a Mind (journal) article, dates from 1950 and is a treatise on the development of
586:, who had fled Poland to the United States, to correspond with his wife who remained in Poland and later helping the Polish Logician
2264:
1611:
1617:
527:, and in that sense, he regarded the mathematical logic as the foundation of knowledge. In 1936 he was awarded a grant from the
1426:
Hermes, Hans (1955), "Heinrich Scholz zum 70. Geburtstag" [Heinrich Scholz on the occasion of his 70th birthday],
1381:"In the footsteps of a pioneer: In the University Library MĂŒnster are original prints of the computer scientist Alan Turing".
1458:
1072:
1453:(in German). Vol. 9: "Scharling, Carl Henrik â Sheldon, Charles Monroe". Herzberg: Traugott Bautz. cols. 683â687.
803:
History of logic. Junker and DĂŒnnhaupt, Berlin 1931 (1959 under outline of the history of logic Alber, Freiburg im Breisgau)
1829:
1570:
1500:
1472:(in German), vol. 27, Berlin: Gesellschaft von Freunden der Technischen UniversitĂ€t Berlin e. V., pp. 28â52,
2177:
1272:
1201:
578:
334:
185:
1316:
Max Steck: "Das Hauptproblem der Mathematik", 2nd extended edition, Dr. Georg LĂŒttke Verlag, Berlin 1943, page 204
2254:
528:
1892:
2269:
1749:
428:
Scholz was survived by his second wife, Erna. Scholz grave is located on the Park Cemetery Eichhof near Kiel.
31:
1948:
774:
373:, therein working as a lecturer. In 1913, at Erlangen, Heinrich Scholz took his examination for promotion of
338:
181:
406:, as the chair of philosophy. It was while at Kiel, in 1924, that Scholz's first wife, Elisabeth Orth died.
1912:
1804:
508:
330:
1631:
1495:], Amsterdam Studies in Theology (in German), vol. 8, Amsterdam / Atlanta GA: Editions Rodopi,
549:
in 1961 which was jointly authored with Scholz despite being published five years after Scholz's death.
1744:
807:
386:
478:. Under the influence of conversations with Scholz, Barth later wrote in 1930/31. his book about the
2234:
2136:
891:
684:
382:
275:
1581:
504:
410:
394:
177:
128:
1621:
662:
611:
574:
1907:
630:
Ein neuer VollstĂ€ndigkeitsbeweis fĂŒr das reduzierte Fregesche Axiomensystem des AussagenkalkĂŒls
590:, who he had been corresponding since 1928, to leave Poland with his wife and hide in Germany.
445:
1534:
1298:
at Uni MĂŒnster (in German, p.111-118 = p.23-30 in the pdf document), here: p.114-115 = p.26-27
1119:
1062:
437:
1794:
673:
recently, comparable prints of Turing, with no attached dedication, sold for 180,000 euros.
2229:
2224:
1663:
1240:
1217:
479:
374:
362:
35:
8:
1872:
1754:
1607:
1295:
880:
867:
859:
607:
542:
366:
342:
251:
1729:
1510:
2126:
1734:
403:
243:
1769:
723:. Friedrich Andreas Perthes, Gotha, 1915. Perthes' writings on the World War, Volume 6
587:
531:, for the production of three volumes of research in logic and for the editing of the
138:
Institute of Mathematical Logic and Fundamental Research at the University of MĂŒnster
2073:
1962:
1922:
1897:
1857:
1764:
1566:
1496:
1473:
1454:
1435:
1268:
1197:
1068:
926:
894:
and the mathematical basis for research, annual report German mathematician club 1943
729:. Friedrich Andreas Perthes, Gotha, 1915. Perthes' writings on World War II, Volume 7
594:
495:
354:
346:
303:
228:
2121:
1887:
1126:. School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland. July 2009
721:
Politics and morality. An investigation of the moral character of modern realpolitik
2078:
1957:
1837:
1799:
1709:
1397:
912:
798:
Eros and Caritas. The platonic love and the love within the meaning of Christianity
441:
223:
145:
2103:
255:
2083:
2031:
2002:
1937:
1932:
1847:
1541:(Fall 2018 ed.), Stanford, CA: Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University
752:
637:
566:
458:
1877:
1326:
Heinrich Scholz (July 1943). "Was will die formalisierte Grundlagenforschung?".
2098:
2093:
1997:
1987:
1917:
1882:
1809:
1779:
1724:
1170:
1150:
884:
693:
Belief and unbelief in world history. One Response to Augustine de Civitate Dei
2218:
2151:
2088:
2068:
1927:
1862:
1814:
1739:
1626:
1477:
1439:
761:
756:. Reuther & Reichard, Berlin; 2nd revised and supplemented edition, 1921.
704:
Schleiermacher and Goethe. A Contribution to the History of the German Spirit
602:
583:
536:
532:
475:
454:
450:
314:
310:
85:
391:
Schleiermacher und Goethe. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des deutschen Geistes.
210:
Schleiermacher und Goethe; Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des deutschen Geistes
2131:
2063:
2007:
1992:
1867:
1852:
1842:
1819:
1789:
1719:
1714:
1554:
1146:
Schleiermacher und Goethe. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des deutschen Geistes
1043:
792:
700:
Schleiermacher und Goethe. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des deutschen Geistes
670:
562:
358:
318:
107:
1982:
1902:
1784:
1661:
876:
597:. During the period of National Socialism, Max Steck, who championed the
398:
350:
295:
284:
247:
232:
163:
393:
In 1917 he was appointed to the chair of Philosophy of Religion at the
1774:
1491:
765:
471:
288:
1404:. Mind, A Quarterly Review of Psychology and Philosophy Vol LIX No 236
1022:
On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem
816:
The new logistic logic and science teaching. In: Research and progress
655:
On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem
300:
On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem
103:
601:
which rejected the formalist approach to mathematics, deeply opposed
524:
370:
423:
Chair of Mathematical Logic and Fundamental Questions in Mathematics
2055:
1973:
653:
Turing, which had been missing since 1945. In this case, the work "
298:
who mentioned Scholz when writing with regard to the reception of "
291:
1362:. MĂŒnster: WestfĂ€lische Wilhelms-UniversitĂ€t MĂŒnster. 2 April 2022
1359:
873:
Mathesis universalis. Essays on the philosophy as rigorous science
747:. Reuther & Reichard, Berlin, 1921, 2nd revised edition, 1922.
624:
There were three other articles by Heinrich Scholz in the journal
658:
615:
1937, which prompted an annoyed Steck to write in his 1942 book:
141:
118:
54:
1385:. MĂŒnster: WestfĂ€lische Nachrichten Elmar Ries. 28 January 2013.
822:
The classical and modern logic. In: Sheets for German Philosophy
632:(1936), a review of the Nazi philosopher Wolfgang Cramer's book
2018:
1159:] (Dissertation) (in German), Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1913
1154:
706:] (Dissertation) (in German), Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1913
558:
192:
81:
436:
From his own account, in 1921, having by accident came across
201:
Christentum und Wissenschaft in Schleiermachers Glaubenslehre
1446:
Linneweber-Lammerskitten, Helmut (1995). "Scholz, Heinrich".
714:
545:
whose thesis had been supervised by Scholtz, produced a book
280:
167:
1511:"Moral integrity during a difficult period: Beth and Scholz"
1565:] (in German and English). Paderborn, Germany: Mentis.
1171:"Institute of Mathematical Logic and Fundamental Research"
333:. From 1903 to 1907 he studied philosophy and theology at
866:
Principles of mathematical logic. Berlin, Göttingen 1961
647:
535:
papers. He is considered the discoverer of the estate of
302:": "I have had two letters asking for reprints, one from
2203:
German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II
1552:
1445:
620:
really time to speak for once about the "Great Germans".
18:
Institute of Mathematical Logic and Fundamental Research
1690:
494:
I have had two letters asking for reprints, one from
1402:
Institute of Computer Science, University of MĂŒnster
1157:: A Contribution to the History of the German Spirit
1060:
902:
279:; 17 December 1884 â 30 December 1956) was a German
2046:
1563:
Heinrich Scholz â Logician, philosopher, theologian
1219:
Typed Postcard, Heinrich Scholz. 11 Feb. 1937.
1056:
1054:
1052:
965:
Why the Greeks did not build the irrational numbers
840:
A new form of basic research. Research and progress
760:The religious philosophy of the as-if. A review of
717:, 1915. Perthes' writings on World War II, Volume 3
665:, Turing provided them with a handwritten comment.
1242:Typed Postcard, Heinrich Scholz. 5 Mar. 1937.
739:The idea of immortality as a philosophical problem
419:Professor of Philosophy of Mathematics and Science
329:Herman Scholz father was a protestant minister at
1016:
1014:
777:'s philosophy for philosophers of the present day
2216:
1579:
1064:Logic's Lost Genius: The Life of Gerhard Gentzen
1049:
453:. Toeplitz's broad research interests including
345:in theology (Lic. theol.). He was a student of
1325:
783:The legacy of Kant's doctrine of space and time
735:. Grote'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin, 1917.
1559:Heinrich Scholz â Logiker, Philosoph, Theologe
1026:Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society
1011:
557:Initially Scholz was pleased with the rise of
1647:
1508:
1449:Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1104:
941:(in German), Volume 152, 1913, pp. 1â12.
751:On The 'Decline' of the West. A dispute with
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1067:. American Mathematical Soc. pp. 183â.
981:, Volume 5, 1932, Issue 4, pp. 405â423.
1588:(in German), vol. 23, pp. 454â455
1467:
1428:Mathematisch-Physikalische Semesterberichte
552:
61:Mathematical Research Institute Oberwolfach
2250:20th-century German Protestant theologians
1654:
1640:
1028:, 2nd series, vol. 42 (1937), pp. 230â265.
810:'s attitude to the question of immortality
474:at MĂŒnster University, in which he taught
53:
2114:Research Office of the Reich Air Ministry
1580:Schmidt am Busch, Hans-Christoph (2007),
1483:
1081:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1610: : Heinrich Scholz (logician). In:
1532:
1267:, Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 131,
1262:
711:Idealism as a carrier of the war thought
409:From October 1928 onwards, he taught in
2054:
1612:MacTutor History of Mathematics archive
1539:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1374:
1061:Eckart Menzler-Trott (1 January 2007).
14:
2217:
1618:Publications by and on Heinrich Scholz
1425:
1398:"Computing Machinery and Intelligence"
1395:
1144:
1031:
1001:, Volume 36, 1943/44, pp. 393â433
999:Archives for Law and Social Philosophy
991:, Volume 8, 1934/35, pp. 318â338.
698:
648:World's first computer science seminar
1635:
1470:Humanismus und Technik. Jahrbuch 1984
1191:
955:The religious philosophy of the as-if
945:The religious philosophy of the as-if
779:. Reuther & Reichard, 1921 Berlin
515:. Scholz names 1936, as the year the
274:
1701:Wehrmacht High Command Cipher Bureau
1042:Hans-Christoph Schmidt am Busch and
842:No. 35/36 born 1941, pp. 382ff.
824:, Volume 10, 1937, pp. 254â281.
513:MĂŒnster school of mathematical logic
369:in Berlin, and was promoted to full
1627:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
887:, University Press, Darmstadt 1961.
24:
2260:20th-century German mathematicians
1553:Schmidt am Busch, Hans-Christoph;
830:. Staufen, Cologne undated (1940).
547:GrundzĂŒge der mathematischen Logik
25:
2281:
2178:Heer and Luftwaffe Signals School
1830:General der NachrichtenaufklÀrung
1600:
854:, Volume 1, 1947, pp. 39â80.
834:Metaphysics as a rigorous science
634:Das Problem der reinen Anschauung
499:have made a few remarks about it.
34:. For the Austrian sculptor, see
2245:20th-century German philosophers
2240:19th-century German philosophers
961:, 3 Bd, H. 1 1923, pp. 1â73
919:
905:
733:The essence of the German spirit
579:Sachsenhausen concentration camp
324:
2265:German male non-fiction writers
1389:
1352:
1338:
1319:
1310:
1301:
1289:
1280:
1256:
789:The Basics of Greek Mathematics
676:
417:. In 1938, this was changed to
1509:Peckhaus, Volker (1998â1999),
1233:
1210:
1196:. Princeton University Press.
1194:Mathematicians under the Nazis
1185:
1163:
1138:
985:The idea of God in mathematics
402:That year he took the call to
32:Heinrich Scholz (entomologist)
13:
1:
1949:Luftnachrichten Abteilung 350
1537:, in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.),
1396:Turing, Alan (October 1950).
1005:
951:, 1 Vol 1919, pp. 27â113
713:. Friedrich Andreas Perthes,
667:This is probably my last copy
1893:Bruno von Freytag-Löringhoff
1245:, The Turing Digital Archive
1222:, The Turing Digital Archive
1120:"History of Heinrich Scholz"
989:Sheets for German Philosophy
979:Sheets for German Philosophy
683:Christianity and Science in
610:, to answer the attacks on
509:theoretical computer science
7:
1484:Molendijk, Arie L. (1991),
995:Logic, grammar, metaphysics
971:Vol.3, 1928, pp. 35â72
846:Logic, grammar, metaphysics
349:, in philosophy with peers
10:
2286:
1419:
1360:"Prof. Dr. Achim Clausing"
484:fides quaerens intellectum
470:In 1925, he was a peer of
357:. On 28 July 1910, Scholz
321:up until the present day.
30:For the entomologist, see
29:
2197:
2176:
2159:
2149:
2137:Prince Christoph of Hesse
2112:
2044:
2016:
1971:
1946:
1828:
1698:
1688:
1671:
1666:organisations before 1945
1533:Peckhaus, Volker (2018),
898:
466:beforehand on this theme.
431:
331:St. Mary's Church, Berlin
261:
239:
222:
191:
173:
159:
152:
134:
124:
114:
92:
67:
52:
45:
1675:The Type of organisation
1586:Neue Deutsche Biographie
1383:WestfÀlische Nachrichten
1124:University of St Andrews
863:. Furrow, TĂŒbingen 1948.
836:. Staufen, Cologne 1941.
828:Fragments of a Platonist
727:The war and Christianity
687:'s Doctrine of the Faith
577:. Salamucha was sent to
553:Work during World War II
523:Scholz was considered a
1622:German National Library
1173:. University of MĂŒnster
975:Augustine and Descartes
663:artificial intelligence
642:Ein Parmenideskommentar
636:(1938) and a review of
415:Professor of Philosophy
381:, studying the work of
59:Heinrich Scholz in the
2255:Mathematical logicians
1620:in the catalog of the
851:Archives of philosophy
745:Philosophy of religion
622:
612:mathematical formalism
501:
446:Alfred North Whitehead
389:with a thesis titled:
2270:German cryptographers
2161:GdNA Training Referat
1515:Philosophia Scientiae
1192:Segal, S. L. (2003).
939:PreuĂische JahrbĂŒcher
766:idealistic positivism
617:
505:University of MĂŒnster
492:
438:Principia Mathematica
421:and again in 1943 to
178:University of Breslau
1908:Rudolf Kochendörffer
1678:Name of organisation
1664:Signals intelligence
959:Annals of Philosophy
949:Annals of Philosophy
480:Anselm of Canterbury
363:religious philosophy
182:University of Berlin
36:Heinrich Karl Scholz
1873:Herbert von Denffer
1755:Gisbert Hasenjaeger
1608:Edmund F. Robertson
1328:Deutsche Mathematik
935:Fichte und Napoleon
881:Friedrich Kambartel
868:Gisbert Hasenjaeger
608:Deutsche Mathematik
543:Gisbert Hasenjaeger
476:Protestant theology
379:Richard Falckenberg
367:systematic theology
361:in the subjects of
335:Erlangen University
294:. He was a peer of
252:Gisbert Hasenjaeger
186:Erlangen University
2127:Gottfried Schapper
1795:Oswald TeichmĂŒller
1735:Peter Novopashenny
1606:John J. O'Connor,
1582:"Scholz, Heinrich"
818:, Volume 11, 1935.
773:The importance of
626:German Mathematics
599:German Mathematics
411:MĂŒnster University
244:Friedrich Bachmann
148:(with Alan Turing)
129:MĂŒnster University
2212:
2211:
2193:
2192:
2145:
2144:
2074:Rudolf Schauffler
2040:
2039:
1963:Ferdinand Voegele
1923:Hans-Peter Luzius
1898:Johannes Marquart
1765:Werner Liebknecht
1535:"Heinrich Scholz"
1460:978-3-88309-058-0
1074:978-0-8218-9129-2
927:Philosophy portal
595:Ludwig Bieberbach
575:KrakĂłw University
355:Friedrich Paulsen
347:Adolf von Harnack
339:Berlin University
265:
264:
240:Doctoral students
229:Adolf von Harnack
154:Scientific career
16:(Redirected from
2277:
2235:German logicians
2157:
2156:
2153:
2079:Johannes Benzing
2052:
2051:
2048:
2025:
1958:Wolfgang Martini
1838:Erich Fellgiebel
1800:Alexander Aigner
1730:Erich HĂŒttenhain
1710:Erich Fellgiebel
1696:
1695:
1692:
1656:
1649:
1642:
1633:
1632:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1576:
1555:Wehmeier, Kai F.
1549:
1548:
1546:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1505:
1480:
1464:
1442:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1356:
1350:
1342:
1336:
1335:
1323:
1317:
1314:
1308:
1305:
1299:
1293:
1287:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1189:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1167:
1161:
1160:
1142:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1116:
1079:
1078:
1058:
1047:
1040:
1029:
1018:
929:
924:
923:
922:
915:
913:Biography portal
910:
909:
908:
707:
442:Bertrand Russell
278:
273:
224:Doctoral advisor
215:
206:
146:computer science
99:
96:30 December 1956
78:
76:
71:17 December 1884
57:
43:
42:
21:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2274:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2208:
2189:
2172:
2141:
2108:
2084:Otfried Deubner
2036:
2032:Wilhelm Canaris
2012:
2003:Erhard Maertens
1967:
1942:
1938:Alfred Kneschke
1933:Rudolf Bailovic
1848:Wilhelm Gimmler
1824:
1770:Gottfried Köthe
1760:Heinrich Scholz
1684:
1667:
1660:
1603:
1591:
1589:
1573:
1557:, eds. (2005).
1544:
1542:
1524:
1522:
1503:
1461:
1422:
1417:
1407:
1405:
1394:
1390:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1365:
1363:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1343:
1339:
1334:(2/3): 206â248.
1324:
1320:
1315:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1294:
1290:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1261:
1257:
1248:
1246:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1225:
1223:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1204:
1190:
1186:
1176:
1174:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1143:
1139:
1129:
1127:
1118:
1117:
1082:
1075:
1059:
1050:
1044:Kai F. Wehmeier
1041:
1032:
1019:
1012:
1008:
925:
920:
918:
911:
906:
904:
901:
858:Encounter with
753:Oswald Spengler
679:
650:
638:Andreas Speiser
588:Jan Ćukasiewicz
567:Heinrich Behnke
555:
482:proof of God "
459:spectral theory
434:
404:Kiel University
327:
276:[ÊÉlts]
271:
268:Heinrich Scholz
254:
250:
246:
235:
218:
213:
204:
184:
180:
166:
139:
110:
101:
97:
88:
79:
74:
72:
63:
48:
47:Heinrich Scholz
39:
28:
27:German logician
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2283:
2273:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2182:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2165:
2163:
2154:
2150:Training
2147:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2122:Hermann Göring
2118:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2099:Erika Pannwitz
2096:
2094:Helmut Grunsky
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2060:
2058:
2049:
2045:Civilian
2042:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2028:
2026:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1998:Wilhelm Tranow
1995:
1990:
1988:Ludwig Stummel
1985:
1979:
1977:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1954:
1952:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1918:Guido Hoheisel
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1888:Friedrich Böhm
1885:
1883:Horst Schubert
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1834:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1810:Otto Leiberich
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1780:Helmut Grunsky
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1750:Wolfgang Franz
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1725:Wilhelm Fenner
1722:
1717:
1712:
1706:
1704:
1693:
1689:Military
1686:
1685:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1659:
1658:
1651:
1644:
1636:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1615:
1602:
1601:External works
1599:
1598:
1597:
1577:
1572:978-3897852792
1571:
1550:
1530:
1506:
1502:978-9051832471
1501:
1481:
1465:
1459:
1443:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1415:
1388:
1373:
1351:
1337:
1318:
1309:
1300:
1288:
1279:
1273:
1255:
1232:
1209:
1202:
1184:
1162:
1151:Schleiermacher
1137:
1080:
1073:
1048:
1030:
1020:Alan Turing: "
1009:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1002:
992:
982:
972:
962:
952:
942:
931:
930:
916:
900:
897:
896:
895:
888:
885:Joachim Ritter
870:
864:
855:
843:
837:
831:
825:
819:
813:
804:
801:
795:
786:
780:
770:
757:
748:
742:
736:
730:
724:
718:
708:
696:
690:
685:Schleiermacher
678:
675:
649:
646:
554:
551:
517:MĂŒnster School
455:Hilbert spaces
433:
430:
383:Schleiermacher
326:
323:
263:
262:
259:
258:
241:
237:
236:
226:
220:
219:
217:
216:
207:
197:
195:
189:
188:
175:
171:
170:
161:
157:
156:
150:
149:
140:World's first
136:
135:Known for
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
102:
100:(aged 72)
94:
90:
89:
80:
69:
65:
64:
58:
50:
49:
46:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2282:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2186:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2158:
2155:
2148:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2111:
2105:
2104:Karl Schröter
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2089:Hans Rohrbach
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2069:Horst Hauthal
2067:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2053:
2050:
2043:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1928:Wilhelm Vauck
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1863:Otto Buggisch
1861:
1859:
1858:Fritz Boetzel
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1831:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1815:Otto Buggisch
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1740:Walter Fricke
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1697:
1694:
1687:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1670:
1665:
1657:
1652:
1650:
1645:
1643:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1604:
1587:
1583:
1578:
1574:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1551:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1507:
1504:
1498:
1494:
1493:
1487:
1482:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1466:
1462:
1456:
1452:
1450:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1430:(in German),
1429:
1424:
1423:
1403:
1399:
1392:
1384:
1377:
1361:
1355:
1348:
1341:
1333:
1329:
1322:
1313:
1304:
1297:
1292:
1283:
1276:
1274:9780198250791
1270:
1266:
1259:
1244:
1243:
1236:
1221:
1220:
1213:
1205:
1203:9780691164632
1199:
1195:
1188:
1172:
1166:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1141:
1125:
1121:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1076:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1045:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1027:
1023:
1017:
1015:
1010:
1000:
996:
993:
990:
986:
983:
980:
976:
973:
970:
966:
963:
960:
956:
953:
950:
946:
943:
940:
936:
933:
932:
928:
917:
914:
903:
893:
889:
886:
882:
878:
874:
871:
869:
865:
862:
861:
856:
853:
852:
847:
844:
841:
838:
835:
832:
829:
826:
823:
820:
817:
814:
811:
809:
805:
802:
799:
796:
794:
790:
787:
784:
781:
778:
776:
771:
768:
767:
763:
758:
755:
754:
749:
746:
743:
740:
737:
734:
731:
728:
725:
722:
719:
716:
712:
709:
705:
701:
697:
694:
691:
688:
686:
681:
680:
674:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
645:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
621:
616:
613:
609:
604:
600:
596:
591:
589:
585:
584:Alfred Tarski
580:
576:
571:
568:
564:
560:
550:
548:
544:
540:
538:
537:Gottlob Frege
534:
533:Gottlob Frege
530:
526:
521:
518:
514:
510:
506:
500:
497:
491:
487:
485:
481:
477:
473:
468:
467:
462:
460:
456:
452:
451:Otto Toeplitz
447:
443:
439:
429:
426:
424:
420:
416:
412:
407:
405:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
325:Personal life
322:
320:
316:
315:Rudolf Carnap
312:
311:Gottlob Frege
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
290:
286:
282:
277:
269:
260:
257:
256:Karl Schröter
253:
249:
245:
242:
238:
234:
230:
227:
225:
221:
211:
208:
202:
199:
198:
196:
194:
190:
187:
183:
179:
176:
172:
169:
165:
162:
158:
155:
151:
147:
143:
137:
133:
130:
127:
123:
120:
117:
113:
109:
105:
95:
91:
87:
86:German Empire
83:
70:
66:
62:
56:
51:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2201:
2185:
2168:
2132:Hans Schimpf
2064:Curt Selchow
2017:
2008:Fritz Krauss
1993:Heinz Bonatz
1972:
1947:
1913:Hans Pietsch
1878:Ludwig Föppl
1868:Fritz Menzer
1853:Hugo Kettler
1843:Fritz Thiele
1820:Fritz Menzer
1805:Werner Weber
1790:Georg Aumann
1759:
1720:Hugo Kettler
1715:Albert Praun
1699:
1590:, retrieved
1585:
1562:
1558:
1543:, retrieved
1538:
1523:, retrieved
1521:(4): 151â173
1518:
1514:
1489:
1485:
1469:
1447:
1431:
1427:
1406:. Retrieved
1401:
1391:
1382:
1376:
1364:. Retrieved
1354:
1346:
1340:
1331:
1327:
1321:
1312:
1303:
1291:
1282:
1264:
1258:
1247:, retrieved
1241:
1235:
1224:, retrieved
1218:
1212:
1193:
1187:
1175:. Retrieved
1165:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1128:. Retrieved
1123:
1063:
1025:
998:
994:
988:
984:
978:
974:
969:Kant Studies
968:
964:
958:
954:
948:
944:
938:
934:
875:, Edited by
872:
857:
849:
845:
839:
833:
827:
821:
815:
806:
797:
793:Helmut Hasse
791:, 1928 with
788:
782:
772:
759:
750:
744:
738:
732:
726:
720:
710:
703:
699:
692:
682:
677:Bibliography
666:
651:
641:
633:
629:
625:
623:
618:
598:
592:
572:
556:
546:
541:
522:
516:
512:
502:
493:
488:
483:
469:
464:
463:
435:
427:
422:
418:
414:
408:
390:
341:achieving a
328:
319:World War II
308:
267:
266:
209:
200:
174:Institutions
153:
108:West Germany
98:(1956-12-30)
40:
2230:1956 deaths
2225:1884 births
1983:Kurt Fricke
1903:Willi Rinow
1785:Georg Hamel
1434:: 165â170,
1408:15 December
1177:15 December
1130:15 December
877:Hans Hermes
496:Braithwaite
413:, first as
399:Rudolf Otto
397:succeeding
359:habilitated
351:Alois Riehl
304:Braithwaite
296:Alan Turing
285:philosopher
248:Hans Hermes
233:Alois Riehl
164:Mathematics
115:Citizenship
2219:Categories
1775:Ernst Witt
1745:Karl Stein
1592:18 January
1545:18 January
1525:18 January
1492:Karl Barth
1249:23 January
1226:23 January
1006:References
472:Karl Barth
343:Licentiate
292:theologian
289:Protestant
75:1884-12-17
1614:(English)
1478:0439-884X
1440:0340-4897
860:Nietzsche
671:Sotheby's
603:Hilbert's
561:power in
525:Platonist
375:Dr. phil.
371:professor
125:Education
2056:Pers Z S
1974:B-Dienst
764:and the
644:(1938).
281:logician
1662:German
1420:Sources
1366:2 April
1024:." In:
967:?. In:
892:Leibniz
890:Scholz
669:. At
659:seminar
563:Germany
503:At the
395:Breslau
272:German:
142:seminar
104:MĂŒnster
73: (
2022:
2019:Abwehr
1681:People
1569:
1499:
1476:
1457:
1451:(BBKL)
1438:
1271:
1200:
1155:Goethe
1071:
997:. In:
987:. In:
977:. In:
957:. In:
947:. In:
937:. In:
899:Papers
848:. In:
812:, 1934
808:Goethe
800:, 1929
785:, 1924
769:, 1921
741:, 1920
695:, 1911
689:, 1909
432:Career
387:Goethe
287:, and
214:(1913)
212:
205:(1909)
203:
193:Theses
160:Fields
119:German
82:Berlin
1561:[
1488:[
1148:[
775:Hegel
715:Gotha
702:[
377:with
168:Logic
1594:2019
1567:ISBN
1547:2019
1527:2019
1497:ISBN
1474:ISSN
1455:ISBN
1436:ISSN
1410:2013
1368:2022
1296:Vita
1269:ISBN
1251:2019
1228:2019
1198:ISBN
1179:2013
1153:and
1132:2012
1069:ISBN
883:and
762:Kant
559:Nazi
457:and
444:and
385:and
365:and
353:and
337:and
93:Died
68:Born
2152:(?)
2047:(?)
2024:(?)
1691:(?)
640:'s
529:DFG
486:."
440:by
313:or
144:on
2221::
1584:,
1517:,
1513:,
1400:.
1330:.
1122:.
1083:^
1051:^
1033:^
1013:^
879:,
628::
539:.
283:,
231:,
106:,
84:,
1655:e
1648:t
1641:v
1575:.
1519:3
1463:.
1432:4
1412:.
1370:.
1349:)
1332:7
1206:.
1181:.
1134:.
1077:.
270:(
77:)
38:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
