Inner Mongolia - Knowledge

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as there is no data available on the language proficiency of that country's citizens. The use of Mongolian in China, specifically in Inner Mongolia, has witnessed periods of decline and revival over the last few hundred years. The language experienced a decline during the late Qing period, a revival between 1947 and 1965, a second decline between 1966 and 1976, a second revival between 1977 and 1992, and a third decline between 1995 and 2012. However, in spite of the decline of the Mongolian language in some of Inner Mongolia's urban areas and educational spheres, the ethnic identity of the urbanised Chinese-speaking Mongols is most likely going to survive due to the presence of urban ethnic communities. The multilingual situation in Inner Mongolia does not appear to obstruct efforts by ethnic Mongols to preserve their language. Although an unknown number of Mongols in China, such as the Tumets, may have completely or partially lost the ability to speak their language, they are still registered as ethnic Mongols and continue to identify themselves as ethnic Mongols. The children of inter-ethnic Mongol-Chinese marriages also claim to be and are registered as ethnic Mongols.

3087: 7087: 7630: 129: 3068: 7558: 2771: 7576: 206: 641: 6048: 5318: 154: 7659: 7690: 147: 5308: 7717: 7782: 7702: 7519: 3365: 7595: 7427: 7531: 2548:, with 3,000 Chahar Mongol followers joining in on the revolt. The revolt was put down within two months, the Qing then crushed the rebels in a battle on 20 April 1675, killing Abunai and all his followers. Their title was abolished, all Chahar Mongol royal males were executed even if they were born to Manchu Qing princesses, and all Chahar Mongol royal females were sold into slavery except the Manchu Qing princesses. The Chahar Mongols were then put under the direct control of the Qing Emperor, unlike the other Inner Mongol leagues which maintained their autonomy. 2157: 136: 7671: 610: 11843: 7745: 7763: 7733: 6758: 5275: 10509: 7607: 4544: 10337: 2319: 4037: 5910: 5600: 10911: 4502: 6766: 2606: 2911: 5650: 2903: 2327: 4076: 4586: 1528: 1746: 7543: 4407: 4359: 4215: 6739: 4455: 656: 10923: 7993:

each side (the total making nine, a symbolic number in Mongolian culture), there is an altar where offerings to the godly men are made, and three white suldes made with white horse hair. From the central sulde there are strings which hold tied light blue pieces of cloth with a few white ones. The wall is covered with all the names of the Mongol kins. The Chinese worship Genghis as the ancestral god of the

4263: 6118:, nearly 40% of marriages with at least one Mongol spouse was a mixed Mongol-Han Chinese marriage. However, anecdotal reports have also demonstrated an increase in Mongol-female, Han Chinese-male pairings in which the woman is of a rural background, ostensibly shutting rural Mongol males from the marriage market as the sex ratio in China becomes more skewed with a much higher proportion of men. 7450:). While geologically located inside Inner Mongolia, the launch center is named after Jiuquan, which is the nearest urban center in the nearby province of Gansu. As military facilities, the core areas at Jiuquan Center are highly restricted and can only be visited by tourist buses operated by the center, while the visitor center is open to the public and can be accessed from the south gate. 4119: 4311: 2175: 4167: 2828:, the administration of Ulanhu was purged, and a wave of repressions was initiated against the Mongol population of the autonomous region. Among the victims in Inner Mongolia, 75 per cent were Mongols, even though they only constituted 10 per cent of the population. In 1969, much of Inner Mongolia was distributed among surrounding provinces, with Hulunbuir divided between 4460: 4412: 4364: 4316: 4268: 4220: 4172: 4124: 9724: 8385: 6784:

The use of Mongolian by Inner Mongolia's 4.1 million ethnic Mongols has sharply declined since the 1980s. Across the whole of China, the language is spoken by roughly half of the country's 5.8 million ethnic Mongols (2005 estimate). However, the exact number of Mongolian speakers in China is unknown,

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gained control of Manchuria as well as the Inner Mongolian Communists with decisive Soviet support and established the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 1947. The Comintern army was absorbed into the People's Liberation Army. Initially, the autonomous region included just the Hulunbuir region. Over

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Ethnic Mongolian guerrilla units were created by the Kuomintang Nationalists to fight against the Japanese during the war in the late 30s and early 40s. These Mongol militias were created by the Ejine and Alashaa based commissioner's offices created by the Kuomintang. Prince Demchugdongrub's Mongols

2102:(618–907) re-established a unified Chinese empire and like their predecessors, they conquered and settled people into Hetao, though once again these efforts were aborted when the Tang empire began to collapse. Hetao (along with the rest of what now consists Inner Mongolia) was then taken over by the 7992:

The White Sulde (White Spirit) is one of the two spirits of Genghis Khan (the other being the Black Sulde), represented either as his white or yellow horse or as a fierce warrior riding this horse. In its interior, the temple enshrines a statue of Genghis Khan (at the center) and four of his men on

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have limited autonomy in both the political and economic arena. Autonomous regions have more discretion in administering economic policy in the region in accordance with national guidelines. Structurally, the Chairman—who legally must be an ethnic minority and is usually ethnic Mongolian—is always

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of Mongolia. Although almost all banners of Inner Mongolia recognised the Bogd Khan as the supreme ruler of Mongols, the internal strife within the region prevented a full reunification. The Mongol rebellions in Inner Mongolia were counterbalanced by princes who hoped to see a restored Qing dynasty

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Ordinary Mongols were not allowed to travel outside their own leagues. Mongols were forbidden by the Qing from crossing the borders of their banners, even into other Mongol Banners and from crossing into neidi (the Han Chinese 18 provinces) and were given serious punishments if they did in order to

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Many of the traditionally nomadic Mongols have settled in permanent homes as their pastoral economy was collectivised during the Mao era, and some have taken jobs in cities as migrant labourers; however, some Mongols continue in their nomadic tradition. In practice, highly educated Mongols tend to

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A group of Han Chinese during the Qing dynasty called "Mongol followers" immigrated to Inner Mongolia who worked as servants for Mongols and Mongol princes and married Mongol women. Their descendants continued to marry Mongol women and changed their ethnicity to Mongol as they assimilated into the

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When the autonomous region was established in 1947, Han Chinese comprised 83.6% of the population, while the Mongols comprised 14.8% of the population. By 2020, the percentage of Han Chinese had dropped to 78.7%. While the Hetao region along the Yellow River has always alternated between farmers

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province), the Hetao region, and the Alashan and Ejine banners. Eventually, nearly all areas with sizeable Mongol populations were incorporated into the region, giving present-day Inner Mongolia its elongated shape. The leader of Inner Mongolia during that time, as both regional CPC secretary and

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During the nineteenth century, the Manchus were becoming increasingly sinicised and faced with the Russian threat, they began to encourage Han Chinese farmers to settle in both Mongolia and Manchuria. This policy was followed by subsequent governments. The railroads that were being built in these

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on 31 August 2020 that in the summer 2020, the Chinese government announced a new education policy, which called for Chinese to gradually replace Mongolian as the language of instruction in three subjects, including language and literature, politics, and history, in elementary and middle schools

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Inter-marriage between Mongol and non-Mongol populations is very common, particularly in areas where Mongols are in regular contact with other groups. There was little cultural stigma within Mongol families for marrying outside the ethnic group, and in urban centers in particular, Mongol men and

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Despite officially prohibiting Han Chinese settlement on the Manchu and Mongol lands, by the 18th century the Qing decided to settle Han refugees from northern China who were suffering from famine, floods, and drought into Manchuria and Inner Mongolia. As a result, the Han Chinese farmed 500,000

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Foreign religions can be transformed into indigenous ethnic religions, and the traditional folk religions of China's ethnic minorities can integrate and neutralize non-native religions. Thus, China's ethnic religions should not be regarded as social burdens or challenges, but rather as valuable

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producing tens of thousands of barrels per day. However, in the past, the exploitation and utilisation of resources were rather inefficient, which resulted in poor returns from rich resources. Inner Mongolia is also an important coal production base, with more than a quarter of the world's coal

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The Communist movement gradually gained momentum as part of the Third Communist International in Inner Mongolia during the Japanese period. By the end of WWII, the Inner Mongolian faction of the ComIntern had a functional militia and actively opposed the attempts at independence by De Wang's

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Hohhot Export Processing Zone was established 21 June 2002 by the State Council, which is located in the west of the Hohhot, with a planning area of 2.2 km (0.85 sq mi). Industries encouraged in the export processing zone include Electronics Assembly & Manufacturing,

2540:), and Inner Mongolian nobility became closely tied to the Qing royal family and intermarried with them extensively. Ejei Khan died in 1661 and was succeeded by his brother Abunai. After Abunai showed disaffection with Manchu Qing rule, he was placed under house arrest in 1669 in 3078:

climate with regional variations. The winters in Inner Mongolia are very long, cold, and dry with frequent blizzards, though snowfall is so light that Inner Mongolia has no modern glaciers even on the highest Helan peaks. The spring is short, mild and arid, with large, dangerous

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Note that the article, in an evident mistranslation from Chinese, reports 30 million Tibetan Buddhists in Inner Mongolia instead of 3 million. Note that the article, in an evident mistranslation from Chinese, reports 30 million Tibetan Buddhists in Inner Mongolia instead of 3

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Telecommunications Equipment, Garment and Textiles Production, Trading and Distribution, Biotechnology/Pharmaceuticals, Food/Beverage Processing, Instruments & Industrial Equipment Production, Medical Equipment and Supplies, Shipping/Warehousing/Logistics, Heavy Industry.

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By law, all street signs, commercial outlets, and government documents must be bilingual, written in both Mongolian and Chinese. There are three Mongolian TV channels in the Inner Mongolia Satellite TV network. In public transportation, all announcements are to be bilingual.

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at its present location, which roughly follows the southern border of the modern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (though it deviates significantly at the Hebei-Inner Mongolia border). The Ming established the Three Guards composed of the Mongols there. Soon after the

1656:, constituting approximately 1,200,000 km (463,000 sq mi) and 12% of China's total land area. Due to its long span from east to west, Inner Mongolia is geographically divided into eastern and western divisions. The eastern division is often included in 5684:

in nominal), ranking 8th among all the 31 provincial divisions of China. The primary, secondary and tertiary industries contributed ¥265 billion ($ 39.45 billion), ¥1.12 trillion ($ 167.1 billion) and ¥926 billion ($ 137.7 billion) to the GDP respectively.

2713:, taking some Mongol areas in the Manchurian provinces (i.e., Hulunbuir and Jirim leagues) along. Rehe was also incorporated into Manchukuo in 1933, taking Juu Uda and Josutu leagues along with it. These areas were occupied by Manchukuo until the end of 7446:, in the west of Inner Mongolia. It was founded in 1958, making it the PRC's first launch facility. As of 2021, Jiuquan has documented more launches than any other launch facilities in China, and is still the only launch site for crewed space missions ( 10037:(traditional stone structures that serve as altars for sacrifice), it is evident that the official calculations of registered religious believers are markedly low, and the policy decisions based on these numbers lack the necessary grounding in reality. 3083:, whilst the summer is very warm to hot and relatively humid except in the west where it remains dry. Autumn is brief and sees a steady cooling, with temperatures below 0 °C (32 °F) reached in October in the north and November in the south. 8885: 6063:, and continued into the 20th century. Han Chinese live mostly in the Hetao region as well as various population centres in central and eastern Inner Mongolia. Over 70% of Mongols are concentrated in less than 18% of Inner Mongolia's territory ( 2779:

were targeted by Kuomintang Mongols to defect to the Republic of China. The Nationalists recruited 1,700 ethnic minority fighters in Inner Mongolia and created war zones in the Tumet Banner, Ulanchab League, and Ordos Yekejuu League.

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In addition to its large reserves of natural resources, Inner Mongolia also has the largest usable wind power capacity in China thanks to strong winds which develop in the province's grasslands. Some private companies have set up

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nature of the name "Inner Mongolia", some Mongols outside of China, particularly those in the state of Mongolia, prefer the name "Southern Mongolia". However, this name has not been adopted officially by any government bodies.

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Official statistics report that 10.9% of the population (3 million people) are members of Tibetan Buddhist groups. According to the Chinese Spiritual Life Survey of 2007 and the Chinese General Social Survey of 2009,

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women married non-Mongols at relatively similar rates. The rates of intermarriage stands in very sharp contrast to ethnic Tibetans and Uyghurs in their respective autonomous regions. By the 1980s, for instance, in

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keep the Mongols divided against each other to benefit the Qing. Mongol pilgrims wanting to leave their banner's borders for religious reasons such as pilgrimage had to apply for passports to give them permission.

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The history of Inner Mongolia during the Second World War is complicated, with Japanese invasion and different kinds of resistance movements. In 1931, Manchuria came under the control of the Japanese puppet state

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reaches 3,556 metres (11,670 ft), and is still being pushed up today in short bursts. Most of Inner Mongolia is a plateau averaging around 1,200 metres (3,940 ft) in altitude and covered by extensive

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regions were especially useful to the Han Chinese settlers. Land was either sold by Mongol Princes, or leased to Han Chinese farmers, or simply taken away from the nomads and given to Han Chinese farmers.

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captured the Chinese emperor, Mongols flooded south from Outer Mongolia to Inner Mongolia. Thus from then on until 1635, Inner Mongolia was the political and cultural center of the Mongols during the

5661:, forestry-related industries, and related industries. Inner Mongolia now encourages six competitive industries: energy, chemicals, metallurgy, equipment manufacturing, processing of farm (including 9083:

Census Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China; Population and Employment Statistics Division of the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China (2012).

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Five-pagoda Temple is located in the capital of Inner Mongolia Hohhot. It is also called Jingangzuo Dagoba, used to be one building of the Cideng Temple (Temple of Merciful Light) built in 1727.

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the registered adherents of the five official religions comprise only 3.7% of those in Inner Mongolia. When we compare this final statistic with Minzu University research team's finding that

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Remains of Shangjing (Upper Capital) built in 918 by Yelu Abaoji the 1st emperor of the Khitan Liao dynasty (907–1125). Also called Huangdu it was one of the five capitals of the Liao dynasty.

7557: 1681: 4645: 3038:, forests are almost exclusively coniferous. In the south, the natural vegetation is grassland in the east and very sparse in the arid west, and grazing is the dominant economic activity. 292: 10990: 10703: 4621: 5680:

The GDP of Inner Mongolia in 2022 was CN¥2.3 trillion (US$ 344 billion in nominal), with an average annual increase of 10% from the period 2010–2015. Its per capita GDP was CN¥96,474 (

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in 127 BC. After the conquest, Emperor Wu continued the policy of building settlements in Hetao to defend against the Xiong-Nu. In that same year, he established the commanderies of

3334:). Some newly founded prefecture-level cities have chosen to retain the original name of league (i.e.: Hulunbuir, Bayannur and Ulanqab), some have adopted the Chinese name of their 1708:). Inner Mongolia is one of the more economically developed provinces in China with annual GDP per capita at US$ 14,343 (2022), ranked 8th in the nation. The official languages are 7575: 2962:), tying with Shaanxi for the greatest number of bordering provincial-level divisions. Most of its international border is with Mongolia, which, in Chinese, is sometimes called " 5842: 12047: 6078:

Mongols are the second largest ethnic group, comprising 17.7% of the population as of the 2020 census. They include many diverse Mongolian-speaking groups; groups such as the

5864:. The Inner Mongolian government and its subsidiaries follow roughly the same structure as that of a Chinese province. With regards to economic policy, as a part of increased 3350:. Despite these recent administrative changes, there is no indication that the Alxa, Hinggan, and Xilingol Leagues will convert to prefecture-level cities in the near future. 456: 12072: 12042: 12032: 12027: 11718: 7805: 10091: 6904:

The vast grasslands have long symbolised Inner Mongolia. Mongolian art often depicts the grassland in an uplifting fashion and emphasises Mongolian nomadic traditions. The

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in Manchuria and Mongolia, as they considered the theocratic rule of the Bogd Khan would be against their modernising objectives for Mongolia. Eventually, the newly formed

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Tablets of Juyan. Han dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD) inscriptions on wood and bamboo. In 1930 Folke Bergman of the Sino-Swedish expedition first discovered 10,000 tablets at

1860:(Inner Tributary), i.e., those descendants of Genghis Khan who were granted the title khan (king) in the Ming and Qing dynasties and lived in part of southern Mongolia. 10758: 7658: 2808:

and consolidated control over mainland China, Inner Mongolia was expanded westwards to include five of the six original leagues (except Josutu League, which remains in

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Wang, Liping. "From Masterly Brokers to Compliant Protégées: The Frontier Governance System and the Rise of Ethnic Confrontation in China–Inner Mongolia, 1900–1930."

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is taken from Chinese chronicles and historians. Before the rise of the Mongols in the 13th century, what is now central and western Inner Mongolia, especially the

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and the Kangxi Emperor gave his title to his son Borni. Abunai then bid his time and then he and his brother Lubuzung revolted against the Qing in 1675 during the

9281: 7716: 2438: 2075:(25–220 AD), Xiongnu who surrendered to the Han dynasty began to be settled in Hetao and intermingled with the Han immigrants in the area. Later on, during the 9470:[The Bulletin of the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China on the Major Figures of the 1982 Population Census] (in Chinese). 9220: 5646:

reserves located in the province. It plans to double annual coal output by 2010 (from the 2005 volume of 260 million tons) to 500 million tons of coal a year.

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to migrate from other regions, as well as urbanise those rural nomads and peasants has led to huge amounts of corruption and waste in public spending, such as

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to the north has helped development. However, growth has come at a cost with huge amounts of pollution and degradation to the grasslands. Attempts to attract

8203: 366: 6953:. A popular career in Inner Mongolia is circus acrobatics. The internationally known Inner Mongolia Acrobatic Troupe travels and performs with the renowned 2034: 8972: 12119: 10783: 9537: 8444: 7606: 7471: 3086: 10970: 10740: 9615: 7800: 3278: 3274: 300: 3041:

Owing to the ancient, weathered rocks lying under its deep sedimentary cover, Inner Mongolia is a major mining district, possessing large reserves of

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Borjigin, Burensain (2004). "The Complex Structure of Ethnic Conflict in the Frontier: Through the Debates around the 'Jindandao Incident' in 1891".

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Secretary, who is usually from a different part of China (to reduce corruption) and Han Chinese. As of May 2023, the current party secretary is

5848: 3322:, although banners remain. The restructuring led to the conversion of primate cities in most leagues to convert to districts administratively (i.e.: 2010: 1971: 8747: 7670: 7491:

praises the re-establishment of Mongolian-language education after "interference and vandalism by the Gang of Four" during the Cultural Revolution.

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from the south and nomads from the north, the most recent wave of Han Chinese migration began in the early 18th century with encouragement from the

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constitute a significant minority with over 4 million people, making it the largest Mongol population in the world (larger than that of the country

10251: 2526:, a descendant of Genghis Khan, opposed and fought against the Qing until he died of smallpox in 1634. Thereafter, the Inner Mongols under his son 2442: 1653: 407: 205: 10680: 10361: 9216: 8052: 7594: 2883:

has further exacerbated ethnic tensions, many indigenous Mongolians feeling they are increasingly marginalised in their own homeland, leading to

2592: 583: 537: 9766: 8862: 7086: 5677:. As with much of China, economic growth has led to a boom in construction, including new commercial development and large apartment complexes. 2037:

and Yunzhong and moved 30,000 households there to solidify the region. After the Qin dynasty collapsed in 206 BC, these efforts were abandoned.

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Zuling Mausoleum of Abaoji Khan. It was built in 926 for Abaoji the 1st Emperor of the Liao dynasty. Located north-west of Shifangzi village.

7268:) in Hohhot. It was built during the reign of Emperor Shengzong (983–1031) of the Khitan Liao dynasty (907–1125) and is still well preserved. 3564: 9311: 5875:

in the east and the Tumed Mongols in the west. Since the end of the Cultural Revolution, this convention has not been broken. The family of

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banners were separate from the aimags of Outer Mongolia and the chuulghans of Inner Mongolia. This territory is equivalent to modern-day

335: 9252: 9028: 128: 10354: 9804: 9742: 3285: 2118:, who took control of what is now the western part of Inner Mongolia (including Western Hetao). The Khitans were later replaced by the 2732:(also known as "De Wang") declared independence for the remaining parts of Inner Mongolia (i.e., the Suiyuan and Chahar provinces) as 11878: 7810: 7732: 7173:(Heaven, God of Heaven). His worship in special temples, greatly developed in Inner Mongolia since the 1980s, is also shared by the 2110:, a nomadic people originally from what is now the southern part of Manchuria and Eastern Inner Mongolia. They were followed by the 219: 10961: 7744: 5701: 9696: 2894:

broke out in ethnic Mongol communities due to unannounced plans by the Chinese government to phase out Mongolian-medium teaching.

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settlers had illegally begun to move into the Inner Mongolian steppe. By 1791, there had been so many Han Chinese settlers in the

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Outer Mongolia gained independence from the Qing dynasty in 1911, when the Jebtsundamba Khutugtu of the Khalkha was declared the

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period that saw the disintegration of northern China under a variety of Han and non-Han (including Xiongnu and Xianbei) regimes.

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Reins of Liberation: An Entangled History of Mongolian Independence, Chinese Territoriality, and Great Power Hegemony, 1911–1950

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and incorporated the old Zhao wall into the Qin dynasty Great Wall of China. He also maintained two commanderies in the region:

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of the north. The historical narrative of what is now Eastern Inner Mongolia mostly consists of alternations between different

10204: 9538:"Communiqué of the National Bureau of Statistics of People's Republic of China on Major Figures of the 2010 Population Census" 8913: 8832: 8260: 12114: 10730: 10143: 9750: 9652: 9215: 9200: 9171: 9128: 9096: 8720: 8688: 8638: 8609: 8580: 8413: 2030: 12104: 11962: 11931: 10828: 10750: 8464: 8050:"Quaternary glacier development and the relationship between the climate change and tectonic uplift in the Helan Mountains" 6840: 6733: 2783: 2564: 9994:

Janhunen, Juha. 1997. The languages of Manchuria in today's China. In: Northern Minority languages: Problems of survival.

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and Kharchin Mongolian and, depending on definition and analysis, further dialects or closely related independent Central

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Reardon-Anderson, James (October 2000). "Land Use and Society in Manchuria and Inner Mongolia during the Qing Dynasty".

7323:, with elevations ranging from 1,034 to 1,058 meters, features yurts, god hills, wrestling, and horse racing activities. 5704:(PLARF) to train missile crews for mobile missile launchers, their support vehicles, and silo-based ballistic missiles. 2567:

that the jasak had petitioned the Qing government to legalise the status of the peasants who had already settled there.

10632: 9289: 9051: 8993: 7248: 5317: 7191:, locally also known as "Yellow Buddhism") is the dominant form of Buddhism in Inner Mongolia, also practised by many 11936: 11667: 11417: 10844: 10377: 10164: 10016: 8474: 7518: 6836: 2725: 2672:

province was created to include Ulanqab league, Yekejuu league, and the Hetao region (former Guihua Tümed territory).

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Jalainur is a satellite urban area separated from Hulunbuir (Hailar) and it is not included in the urban area count.

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around the Inner Mongolia region. Thousands of ethnic Mongolians in northern China gathered to protest the policy.

2770: 8452:(Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Indiana University). ProQuest LLC. p. 7. 8195: 7762: 6908:

of Inner Mongolia still practice their traditional arts. Inner Mongolian cuisine has Mongol roots and consists of

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of Inner Mongolia speak a variety of dialects, depending on the region. Those in the eastern parts tend to speak

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migrate to big urban centers after which they become essentially indistinct with ethnic Han Chinese populations.

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Belov, E. A. Anti-Chinese rebellion led by Babujav in Inner Mongolia, 1915–1916. – Annaly (Moscow), no. 2, 1996.

5307: 2303:. The Manchus subsequently invaded Ming China in 1644, bringing it under the control of their newly established 11972: 11908: 11873: 11116: 11043: 10666: 9559: 8278:

Borjigin, Huhbator (2004). "The history and political character of the name of 'Nei Menggu' (South Mongolia)".

8152:"Statistical communiqué of the People's Republic of China on the 2023 national economic and social development" 6894: 6843:. This is different from the Mongolian state, where the standard pronunciation is based on the closely related 5904: 5868:

characteristics in China, Inner Mongolia has become more independent in implementing its own economic roadmap.

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block. In the extreme southwest is the edge of the Tibetan Plateau where the autonomous region's highest peak,

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peoples dominated the area of what is now Inner Mongolia. After the Yuan dynasty was overthrown by the Han-led

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from a part of Manzhouli CLC. The new district not included in the urban area count of the pre-expanded city.

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province was created to include Xilingol league as well as much of the former territory of the Eight Banners.

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are a major part of Inner Mongolia's economy. Inner Mongolia has an abundance of resources especially coal,

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In Chinese, the region is known as "Inner Mongolia", where the terms of "Inner and "Outer" are derived from

11182: 10954: 9338: 8136: 7495: 5789: 5784: 2891: 2864: 2390:"Inner Mongolia": This region corresponded to most of modern Inner Mongolia and some neighbouring areas in 10111: 9388: 8737: 12129: 11756: 10977: 10517: 10087:

Chinese Spiritual Life Survey (CSLS) 2007, China General Social Survey (CGSS) 2009. Results reported by:

9605:"Unequal Marriage Exchange Between Majority and Minority Groups: A Case Study From Inner Mongolia, China" 7481:

Inner Mongolia under the People's Republic of China has historically allowed the Mongolian language as a

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province), the northern part of the Chahar region, by then a league as well (southern Chahar remains in

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was founded shortly after the Second World War. It existed from 9 September 1945 until 6 November 1945.

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David Sneath, "The Impact of the Cultural Revolution in China on the Mongolians of Inner Mongolia", in

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Beyond great walls: environment, identity, and development on the Chinese grasslands of Inner Mongolia

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Ruins of Shangdu (Xanadu) the Summer Capital of the Mongol Yuan dynasty built in 1256 by Kublai Khan.

7327: 7152: 7115: 6635: 6514: 4637: 3631: 3572: 3567: 2453: 2399: 1935: 1575: 1505: 1294: 190: 10298: 9701:[4th National Census]. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Bureau of Statistics. Archived from 8769: 8238: 4543: 146: 11519: 11407: 11352: 9523: 9499: 9475: 9451: 9427: 9361: 6893:

province. Cities such as Hohhot and Baotou both have their unique brand of Jin Chinese such as the

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has retained influence in regional politics ever since the founding the People's Republic. His son

5610: 3031: 2856: 2800: 2312: 2266: 2143: 7148:

that of 2.36%, while a demographic analysis of the year 2010 reported that Muslims make up 0.91%.

12099: 11529: 11412: 11271: 10947: 10915: 10896: 10891: 10819: 10712: 10540: 9303: 7453:

Inner Mongolia is also home to the two (and only two) space vehicles landing sites in China, the

7356: 7320: 7107: 6729: 6479: 5665:) produce, and high technology. Well-known Inner Mongolian enterprises include companies such as 2930:

as well. It borders eight provincial-level divisions in all three of the aforementioned regions (

2506:

region in what is now northeastern Inner Mongolia was part of the jurisdiction of the General of

1767: 1583: 576: 8969: 11392: 10055:"Study on the Protection of the Lama Temple Heritage in Inner Mongolia as a Cultural Landscape" 7973: 7750: 7676: 7215: 6461: 5804: 5747: 2753: 2588: 1680:, with major cities including Baotou and Hohhot. It recorded a population of 24,706,321 in the 520: 181: 11710: 10340: 9725:

National Bureau of Population and Social Science and Technology Statistics Division of China (

8626: 8597: 7965: 11851: 11397: 10999: 10839: 9256: 9018: 8568: 8403: 7977: 7482: 6989: 6874: 6496: 4669: 3319: 2867:

were discovered. GDP growth has continually been over 10%, even 15% and connections with the

2254: 1983: 287: 9906:

More Morphologies: Contributions to the Festival of Languages, Bremen, 17 Sep to 7 Oct, 2009

9794: 7542: 7426: 3149:

Average daily maximum and minimum temperatures for some locations in Inner Mongolia of China

11167: 9446:[Some major statistics on the results of the second national census] (in Chinese). 8117: 8022: 7188: 6127: 4657: 7118:, about 80% of the population of the region practice the worship of Heaven (that is named 6897:

which are sometimes incomprehensible with dialects spoken in northeastern regions such as

6835:. The standard pronunciation of Mongolian in China is based on the Chakhar dialect of the 6098:

also populate parts of northeastern Inner Mongolia. There is also a significant number of

4501: 1009: 1006: 990: 987: 697: 681: 8: 12124: 11647: 11642: 11465: 11197: 10811: 8890: 7981: 7160: 6997: 6721: 6549: 6531: 6086:

are also officially considered to be Mongols in China. In addition to the Manchus, other

6022: 5700:

East of Jilantai, Inner Mongolia, there is a ballistic missile training area used by the

5690: 4629: 3144:

and frequency of sandstorms, which damages agriculture and forces down household income.

2880: 2825: 2241: 2080: 2076: 2072: 2057: 2053: 2041: 2014: 1987: 1877: 1638: 135: 11842: 9826:

Tsung, Linda (27 October 2014). "Maintaining the Mongolian Language in Inner Mongolia".

5274: 2552:

hectares in Manchuria and tens of thousands of hectares in Inner Mongolia by the 1780s.

2021:. King Wuling of Zhao also built a long wall stretching through the Hetao region. After 1763: 11637: 11455: 11294: 11289: 11192: 11111: 10824: 10801: 10385: 10300:

The Economic Development and Prospects of Inner Mongolia (Chahar, Suiyuan, and Ningsia)

10241: 9731:); Department of Economic Development of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission of China ( 9702: 8918: 8507: 8365: 8357: 7969: 7937: 7913: 7876: 7861: 7502: 7345: 6927: 6856: 6812: 6808: 6796: 6751: 6687: 5865: 5618: 5179: 5175: 3791: 3057: 2974: 2006: 1944: 1814: 1713: 1693: 1657: 1252: 1244: 938: 930: 646: 493: 10346: 9579:, Sharon Stanton Russell(2001). Demography and national security. page 276, table 9.4. 9362:"China's Expanding Missile Training Area: More Silos, Tunnels, and Support Facilities" 2744:

province), with the Japanese puppet government's control extending as far west as the

2279:

in today's Inner Mongolia intermarried, formed alliances with, and fought against the

1271: 957: 609: 12057: 11856: 11690: 11632: 11514: 11450: 11309: 11134: 11058: 11053: 10180:[Inner Mongolia widely uses and develops the Mongolian language and script]. 10160: 10139: 10012: 9746: 9648: 9196: 9167: 9144: 9124: 9092: 8716: 8684: 8634: 8605: 8576: 8470: 8409: 8369: 7953: 7723: 7707: 7487: 7352:, is a popular retreat for urban residents wanting to get a taste of grasslands life. 6844: 6800: 6725: 6566: 5880: 5852: 5195: 5097: 4641: 4625: 4585: 3695: 3577: 3121: 3113: 3019: 3003: 2702: 2663: 2308: 2160: 2156: 2064:

in Hetao. At the same time, what is now Eastern Inner Mongolia was controlled by the

2061: 2045: 1883: 1617:

The autonomous region was established in 1947, incorporating the areas of the former

1139: 1131: 826: 818: 9685:]. China Financial and Economic Publishing House (中国财政经济出版社). 1988. p. 924. 2918:

Officially Inner Mongolia is classified as one of the provincial-level divisions of

2697:

province was split out of northern Gansu, and Taoxi Mongolia became part of Ningxia.

2689:

Taoxi Mongolia, i.e., Alashan and Ejine leagues, was incorporated into neighbouring

11818: 11741: 11685: 11548: 11460: 11402: 11329: 11187: 11177: 11101: 11091: 11076: 10834: 10066: 8499: 8349: 8283: 7842: 7795: 7754: 7586: 7447: 7419: 7290: 7289:

is the largest Buddhist temple in the Höhhot area, and once the center of power of

7272: 7219: 7196: 7184: 7023: 6905: 6878: 6820: 6804: 6770: 6747: 6652: 6235: 6153: 6103: 6087: 5900: 5872: 5658: 5642: 3985: 3663: 3559: 3311: 3295: 3290: 3288:. Until the late 1990s, most of Inner Mongolia's prefectural regions were known as 2967: 2757: 2631: 2403: 2380: 2088: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1717: 1709: 1701: 1591: 1549: 1535: 1308: 1149: 1045: 835: 741: 661: 489: 476: 8709:

China's Contained Resource Curse: How Minerals Shape State-Capital-Labor Relations

7369:

and contains numerous tourist attractions including sand sledding and camel rides.

5556:

takes precedence along the river valleys. In the more arid grasslands, herding of

11602: 11483: 11347: 11235: 11202: 11139: 11081: 11048: 11033: 11028: 11018: 10118: 10095: 9392: 8976: 8946: 8774: 8389: 8056: 7961: 7548: 7454: 7372:

Remains of Zhongjing (Central Capital) built in 1003 by Emperor Shengzong of the

6898: 6863: 6859: 6824: 6816: 6026: 5573: 5062: 4895: 4661: 4535: 4406: 4075: 3942: 3889: 3823: 3758: 3483: 3327: 3323: 3091: 3035: 3007: 2986: 2927: 2923: 2736:, and signed agreements with Manchukuo and Japan. Its capital was established at 2721: 2649: 2368: 2360: 2344: 1833: 1803: 1669: 1626: 1463: 1442: 1421: 1385: 1365: 1174: 1117: 860: 804: 509: 501: 175: 8942:"Mass Protests Erupt as China Moves to End Mongolian-Medium Teaching in Schools" 8524:

Atwood, Christopher. The Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire, p. 454.

4358: 4214: 11901: 11823: 11557: 11504: 11445: 11435: 11319: 11207: 10768: 8564: 8533:

Atwood, Christopher. The Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire, p. 91,

8503: 8287: 8173: 7957: 7276: 7256: 7227: 6832: 6828: 6774: 6674: 6639: 6447: 6064: 5156: 4921: 4672:. At the end of 2017, the total population of Inner-Mongolia is 25.29 million. 4493: 4005:

Administrative divisions in Mongolian, Chinese, and varieties of romanisations

3910: 3857: 3472: 3102: 3011: 2963: 2729: 2635: 2519: 2473: 2376: 2331: 2296: 2280: 1907: 1825: 1729: 1685: 1484: 1156: 1103: 842: 790: 505: 497: 10969: 8575:. Routledge Studies in the Modern History of Asia. Routledge. pp. 65–66. 8099: 7091: 6757: 4454: 2795:

Chinggisid princes on the grounds of fighting feudalism. Following the end of

2348: 1951:, Inner Mongolia, North-Western China, Southern, Central-Eastern and Southern 12093: 11987: 11652: 11622: 11592: 11577: 11534: 11509: 11494: 11304: 11256: 11212: 11144: 11106: 11038: 9969: 9673: 9304:"People's Daily Online – Inner Mongolia to double annual coal output by 2010" 9229:] (in Chinese). Beijing: China Statistic Publishing House. Archived from 8802: 8604:. Routledge Studies in the Modern History of Asia. Routledge. pp. 136–. 7563: 7373: 7164: 6852: 6670: 6240: 6205: 6166: 6091: 6030: 5861: 5614: 4649: 4262: 2860: 2737: 2639: 2372: 2246: 2221: 2191: 2147: 2139: 2123: 2115: 2107: 2022: 1991: 1979: 1956: 1903: 1630: 569: 340: 234: 221: 9061: 8446:

Mongolization of Han Chinese and Manchu Settlers in Qing Mongolia, 1700–1911

8330:

Atwood, Christopher. Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire, p. 449.

8196:"Tabulation on the 2010 Population Census of the People's Republic of China" 1970:

region and surrounding areas) were inhabited by nomadic peoples such as the

11956: 11499: 11299: 11261: 11246: 11217: 10881: 10508: 10428: 9576: 8633:. Routledge Studies in the Modern History of Asia. Routledge. p. 137. 7994: 7787: 7582: 7567: 7399: 7376: 7335: 7300: 7296: 7280: 7252: 7178: 7156: 7141: 7103: 7095: 7053: 6993: 6946: 6882: 6618: 6060: 5896: 3523: 3335: 3303: 2931: 2868: 2829: 2796: 2714: 2676: 2507: 2472:

province. At the same time, the jurisdiction of some border departments of

2318: 2304: 2233: 2213: 2183: 2164: 2103: 2099: 1963: 1864: 1261: 1052: 1022: 947: 748: 710: 10336: 2495:. At the same time, the jurisdiction of some border departments of modern 11828: 11695: 11677: 11627: 11387: 11324: 11314: 11251: 10876: 10763: 7621: 7617: 7613: 7443: 7439: 7415: 7389: 7366: 7362: 7304: 7286: 7195:. Another form of Buddhism, practised by the Chinese, are the schools of 7192: 7174: 7159:, present in the form of various Genghis Khan temples, is a tradition of 7099: 6886: 6870: 6601: 6230: 6179: 6140: 5694: 4577: 3974: 3494: 2978: 2919: 2872: 2623: 2560: 2523: 2465: 2457: 2446: 2364: 2292: 2250: 2236:

in 1368, the Ming captured parts of Inner Mongolia including Shangdu and

2209: 2198: 2111: 2095: 1952: 1891: 1697: 1677: 513: 471: 10658: 10108:

The Present Situation and Characteristics of Contemporary Islam in China

8511: 8048:

Wei Zhang, Mingyue He, Yonghua Li, Zhijiu Cui, Zhilin Wang and Yang Yu;

5909: 5599: 4118: 2652:

province was created to include the Juuuda and Josutu leagues, plus the

2291:

gained far-reaching control of the Inner Mongolian tribes in 1635, when

2025:

created the first unified Chinese empire in 221 BC, he sent the general

2002:

pursued an expansionist policy towards the region. After destroying the

11798: 11381: 11281: 10071: 10054: 8683:(1st U.S. ed.). New York: Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 191. 8361: 7680: 7646: 7412: 7339: 6935: 6839:, located in central Inner Mongolia, while the grammar is based on all 6765: 6099: 5884: 5717: 5670: 5589: 5535: 5404: 5119: 4767: 4665: 4301: 3779: 3436: 3347: 3229: 3080: 3050: 2876: 2749: 2576: 2229: 1611: 1188: 874: 358: 170: 8551:

Belov, E. A. Rossiya i Mongoliya (1911–1919). Moscow: Vost. Lit. Publ.

7144:

is the religious identity of 3.2% of the population of the region and

4310: 2605: 11803: 11357: 11339: 10596: 10568: 10408: 10325: 10197:"Curbs on Mongolian Language Teaching Prompt Large Protests in China" 9955:

e.g. Sečenbaγatur, Qasgerel, Tuyaγ-a, B. ǰirannige, U Ying ǰe. 2005.

8914:"Curbs on Mongolian Language Teaching Prompt Large Protests in China" 6939: 6848: 6656: 6500: 6465: 5752: 5638: 5630: 5626: 5476: 5343: 4979: 4862: 4349: 3811: 3445: 3331: 3129: 3098: 2910: 2733: 2710: 2614: 2596: 2582: 2527: 2511: 2503: 2237: 2026: 1955:

territory. Mongolian scholars prove that this culture related to the

1926:

tribes, rather than the struggle between nomads and Chinese farmers.

1209: 895: 10019:. pp. 184–185, reporting the results of surveys held in 2004 by the 8863:"China Launches 'Strike Hard' Anti-Rumor Campaign in Inner Mongolia" 8353: 7359:

has magnificent granite rock formations formed from natural erosion.

5649: 4166: 2902: 2326: 1774:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. 11918: 11865: 11808: 11793: 11610: 11488: 11427: 11363: 11240: 11227: 10573: 10545: 10498: 10478: 10463: 8021:. Ministry Of Commerce – People's Republic Of China. Archived from 7664:

Newly built arch in front of the Maidari Juu temple fortress (1575)

7331: 6622: 6605: 6588: 6570: 6553: 6535: 6518: 6483: 6115: 6068: 5634: 5577: 5565: 5452: 5439: 5428: 5391: 5367: 5298: 5025: 5002: 4956: 4881: 4824: 4805: 4459: 4411: 4397: 4363: 4315: 4267: 4253: 4219: 4171: 4123: 3953: 3845: 3746: 3454: 3427: 3343: 3191: 3112:, respectively). The small portion besides these are classified as 3046: 2999: 2939: 2855:

Inner Mongolia was underdeveloped until the early 2000s, when huge

2841: 2809: 2683: 2541: 2461: 2423: 2411: 2391: 2384: 2352: 2340: 2272: 2202: 2119: 2084: 2068:, who would, later on, eclipse the Xiongnu in power and influence. 2049: 1948: 1837: 1725: 1705: 1661: 1607: 1579: 1230: 1066: 916: 762: 564: 10330: 7710:(1749) near Baotou, Inner Mongolia. Called Badgar Zuu in Mongolian 2530:

surrendered to the Qing. Ejei Khan was given the title of Prince (

2271:

The eastern Mongol tribes near and in Manchuria, particularly the

11888: 11813: 11788: 11616: 11565: 11475: 11369: 11154: 10860: 10578: 10563: 10535: 10525: 10488: 10473: 10468: 10453: 10448: 10413: 8149:

The average exchange rate of 2023 was CNY 7.0467 to 1 USD dollar

7349: 7308: 6931: 6923: 6792: 6778: 6691: 6079: 6072: 6038: 6034: 5723: 5674: 5622: 5569: 5524: 5500: 5463: 5415: 5356: 5312: 5048: 4933: 4907: 4843: 4748: 4620:

These prefecture-level divisions are in turn subdivided into 102

4445: 4205: 3921: 3877: 3714: 3463: 3418: 3339: 3248: 3075: 3006:, and is owing to the cooler climate more forested, chiefly with 2955: 2951: 2849: 2694: 2669: 2653: 2645:

The Republic of China reorganised Inner Mongolia into provinces:

2431: 2427: 2339:"Outer Mongolia": This region corresponds to the modern state of 2300: 2288: 2284: 2276: 2217: 2195: 2168: 2065: 1899: 1895: 1832:

and previous governments to refer to what is now the independent

1673: 1665: 1646: 1634: 1622: 1603: 1268: 954: 8469:(illustrated ed.). Stanford University Press. p. 117. 8321:

CPAtwood-Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire, p. 246.

7222:

temple built in 1580. Dazhao Temple is known for three sites: a

6738: 2748:

region. The Japanese advance was defeated by Hui Muslim General

2487:

banner was controlled by the military commander of Suiyuan (now

2174: 11778: 11773: 11740: 11068: 11010: 10986: 10699: 10644: 10493: 10483: 10418: 10398: 10331:

Welcome to Inner Mongolia-Mongolia Tours with Samar Magic Tours

9385: 8970:"Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification" 7902: 7850: 7650: 7457:

Landing Site in Ulanqab and the Dongfeng Landing Site in Alxa.

7235: 7231: 7223: 7208: 7169: 7126: 6950: 6890: 6847:

dialect. There are a number of independent languages spoken in

6192: 6095: 6083: 5917: 5913: 5876: 5744: 5738: 5713: 5707: 5604: 5581: 5332: 5287: 5279: 5269: 4729: 4709: 4109: 4066: 3651: 3619: 3596: 3389: 3380: 3210: 3172: 2947: 2818: 2764: 2745: 2627: 2579:. They distinguished themselves apart from "true Mongols" 真蒙古. 2496: 2492: 2488: 2477: 2419: 2415: 2187: 2018: 1999: 1845: 1599: 1595: 1587: 272: 262: 185: 10274:) 16, 261–266, 2014-09-25. Chiba University Eurasian Society ( 9647:]. Beijing: Nationalities Publishing House (民族出版社). 2003. 9645:

Tabulation on Nationalities of 2010 Population Census of China

9386:

Baotou National Rare-Earth Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone

8432:. Vol. 10. Cambridge University Press. 1978. p. 356. 8074:"Communiqué of the Seventh National Population Census (No. 3)" 7806:

Major national historical and cultural sites in Inner Mongolia

5871:

The position of Chairman of Inner Mongolia alternates between

3318:). Since the 1990s, numerous leagues have been converted into 3053:

minerals, which have made it a major industrial region today.

2774:

Delegates of Inner Mongolia People's Congress shouting slogans

1582:. Inner Mongolia also accounts for a small section of China's 655: 533: 11993: 11976: 11966: 11783: 11748: 11571: 11375: 11126: 10640: 10601: 10458: 10443: 10438: 10433: 10423: 10403: 10393: 10290: 9941:

Iredale, Robyn; Bilik, Naran; Fei, Guo (2 August 2003). "3".

9874:

Iredale, Robyn; Bilik, Naran; Fei, Guo (2 August 2003). "4".

9861:

Language Power and Hierarchy: Multilingual Education in China

9828:

Language Power and Hierarchy: Multilingual Education in China

8405:

Nomads on Pilgrimage: Mongols on Wutaishan (China), 1800–1940

7239: 7068: 6909: 5662: 5593: 5585: 5561: 5553: 5511: 5487: 5380: 5322: 5142: 5074: 4786: 4157: 3683: 3408: 3097:

Officially, most of Inner Mongolia is classified as either a

3074:

Due to its elongated shape, Inner Mongolia has a four-season

3027: 3023: 3015: 2991: 2959: 2943: 2935: 2845: 2837: 2833: 2813: 2741: 2690: 2657: 2469: 2395: 2379:

regions in northwestern Mongolia, which were overseen by the

2225: 2003: 1995: 1975: 1967: 1911: 1887: 1642: 1571: 1276: 962: 8968:

Peel, M. C. and Finlayson, B. L. and McMahon, T. A. (2007).

8738:"Ethnic Mongolians in China concerned about cultural threat" 6926:

have appeared in Inner Mongolia, the best known of which is

5843:

List of provincial leaders of the People's Republic of China

5657:

Industry in Inner Mongolia has grown up mainly around coal,

4683:

Population by urban areas of prefecture & county cities

2973:

Inner Mongolia largely consists of the northern side of the

2491:). This corresponds to the vicinities of the modern city of 9683:

People's Republic of demographic data compilation 1949–1985

9560:"FACTBOX-Key takeaways from China's 2020 population census" 9186: 9157: 7132: 7120: 7007: 7003: 6881:

group of dialects; those in the central parts, such as the

5557: 3042: 2995: 1841: 618: 542: 9276: 9274: 6949:

is a popular traditional form of entertainment. See also:

2355:

under China's Qing Dynasty. It included the four leagues (

1574:. Its border includes two-thirds of the length of China's 598: 10317: 10248:

A case study of Language education in the Inner Mongolia

9111: 8742: 7738:

Alxa Western Monastery (Alshaa Baruun Hiid) built in 1756

7566:

cooking. Fresco from the Liao dynasty (907–1125) tomb in

6930:. Notable Inner Mongolian commercial brand names include 6743: 2922:, but its great stretch means that parts of it belong to 2760:. Since 1945, Inner Mongolia has remained part of China. 2456:

were controlled by the military commander of Chahar (now

2009:

in what is now Hebei province, he defeated the Linhu and

1249: 1235: 1221: 935: 921: 907: 9957:

Mongγul kelen-ü nutuγ-un ayalγun-u sinǰilel-ün uduridqal

6746:

in Hohhot, the capital, with a bilingual street sign in

2575:

Mongol people, an example of this were the ancestors of

1200: 886: 10376: 9271: 9049: 7398:

White pagoda of the Mongol Yuan dynasty (1279–1368) in

7177:, claiming his spirit as the founding principle of the 6427:

Territories with Mongol majorities and near-majorities

5637:-level region in China. The region is also a source of 5584:

in the Evenk Autonomous Banner. More recently, growing

5182:. The new district is included in the urban area count. 4596: 4554: 4512: 4470: 4422: 4374: 4326: 4278: 4230: 4182: 4134: 4086: 3306:. Similarly, county-level divisions are often known as 1347: 88: 10059:

Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering

8681:

The Cultural Revolution: A People's History, 1962–1976

8631:

Modern China's Ethnic Frontiers: A Journey to the West

8602:

Modern China's Ethnic Frontiers: A Journey to the West

8573:

Modern China's Ethnic Frontiers: A Journey to the West

7600:

Honorary tomb of Wang Zhaojun (born c. 50BC) in Hohhot

1700:

make up the majority of the population in the region;

1510: 9943:

China's Minorities on the Move: Selected Case Studies

9921:

China's Minorities on the Move: Selected Case Studies

9876:

China's Minorities on the Move: Selected Case Studies

9253:"PetroChina Xifeng Oilfield Reserves Hits 568mn Tons" 7307:

palace lady-in-waiting who became the consort of the

4610: 4568: 4526: 4484: 4436: 4388: 4340: 4292: 4244: 4196: 4148: 4100: 2642:). and suppressed the Mongol rebellions in the area. 2460:). Their extent corresponded to southern Ulanqab and 2449:, the westernmost part of what is now Inner Mongolia. 1947:

monuments are found in Northern, Central and Eastern

1688:'s total population. Inner Mongolia is the country's 1179: 1161: 1136: 1122: 1108: 1094: 1071: 1057: 865: 847: 823: 809: 795: 781: 767: 753: 111: 68: 8063:; December 2012, Volume 57, Issue 34, pp. 4491–4504. 7777: 7271:

Xiaozhao Temple, also known as Chongfu temple, is a

6851:

such as the somewhat more distant Mongolic language

2682:

Most of Jirim league came under the new province of

1978:, while Eastern Inner Mongolia was inhabited by the 329:

Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regional People's Congress

8261:"China's push to create a single national identity" 7960:that border Inner Mongolia are, from east to west, 7938:[ˈɵw̜ʊ̈rˌmɔɴɢɜ̆ˈɮiːɴˈoːr̥tʰoːˈt͡sasəχˈɔɾɞɴ] 7472:

List of universities and colleges in Inner Mongolia

2804:the next decade, as the communists established the 9227:China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2018 9219:of the People's Republic of China(MOHURD) (2019). 8940:Qiao Long (31 August 2020). Luisetta Mudie (ed.). 7801:List of administrative divisions of Inner Mongolia 7255:architectural style that was built in 1705 by the 7106:. The worship of Genghis is shared by Chinese and 5769:Lines wholly or partly in Inner Mongolia include: 5564:and so on is a traditional method of subsistence. 5232:China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2018 3346:), and one league (Yekejuu) simply renamed itself 3279:List of township-level divisions of Inner Mongolia 3275:List of administrative divisions of Inner Mongolia 2583:Republic of China and the Second World War periods 2559:During the eighteenth century, growing numbers of 9972:. 2006. Mongolic languages. In: Brown, K. (ed.): 3302:), a usage retained from Mongol divisions of the 2844:, and the Alashan and Ejine region divided among 2464:in modern Inner Mongolia, plus the region around 2201:empire was ultimately conquered in 1227, and the 12091: 9938:. John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 11. 9893:. John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 16. 9848:. John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 11. 8339: 7434:One of China's space vehicle launch facilities, 1654:third largest Chinese administrative subdivision 10296: 9940: 9873: 9217:Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development 5621:, and has more deposits of naturally occurring 5234:Urban Population and Urban Temporary Population 4582: 4540: 4498: 4451: 4403: 4355: 4307: 4259: 4211: 4163: 4115: 4072: 2212:, the grandson of Genghis Khan established the 1882:Much of what is known about the history of the 1299: 10276: 10268: 10256: 10009:Social Scientific Studies of Religion in China 9974:The encyclopedia of language & linguistics 9801:Horqin Right Middle Banner People's Government 9668: 9666: 9664: 9405:RightSite.asia | Hohhot Export Processing Zone 7476: 7365:, or "singing sands gorge", is located in the 5849:Constitution of the People's Republic of China 1313: 769:ㄋㄟˋ ㄇㄥˇ ㄍㄨˇ 11764: 11726: 10955: 10674: 10362: 9732: 9726: 9592:. New York City: Rutledge. 1999. p. 213. 9180: 9151: 7406: 7263: 6955:Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus 6917: 6122:Ethnic groups in Inner Mongolia, 2010 census 5937: 4603: 4561: 4519: 4477: 4429: 4381: 4333: 4285: 4237: 4189: 4141: 4093: 4052: 2789: 2087:kingdom in the region, thereby beginning the 1855: 1849: 1163: 1076:ㄋㄟˋ ㄇㄥˇ ㄍㄨˇ 1004: 985: 849: 695: 679: 105: 61: 10264:Journal of Chiba University Eurasian Society 9839: 9837: 8702: 8700: 8312:Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian. 8231:"内蒙古自治区第七次全国人口普查公报（第一号）-第七次全国人口普查-内蒙古自治区统计局" 8225: 8223: 8221: 8154:(Press release). China NBS. 29 February 2024 8044: 8042: 8040: 7465: 5820:Railway stations in Inner Mongolia include: 5708:Economic and Technological Development Zones 5194:New district established after 2010 census: 5190: 5188: 5174:New district established after 2010 census: 2998:deposits. The northern part consists of the 2593:Inner Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party 1468: 1447: 1426: 10123:Study on Current Muslim Population in China 10046: 9661: 9333: 9331: 9329: 7430:Sign of the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center 6938:, both of which began as dairy product and 5741:Economic and Technological Development Zone 3356:Administrative divisions of Inner Mongolia 3268: 2054:reconquer the Hetao region from the Xiongnu 1489: 399:1,183,000 km (457,000 sq mi) 12120:States and territories established in 1947 11733: 11719: 10962: 10948: 10681: 10667: 10369: 10355: 10136:Genghis Khan: Life, Death and Resurrection 10100: 9743:Publishing House of Minority Nationalities 9530: 9506: 9482: 9458: 9434: 9410: 8883: 7167:and divine ancestor, an embodiment of the 7114:According to a survey held in 2004 by the 6711:in active service based in Inner Mongolia. 6707:Population numbers exclude members of the 6054:ethnicity map of Inner Mongolia as of 2020 5830: 2966:", while a small portion is with Russia's 2679:in Manchuria, which had become a province. 2351:which historically was a part of northern 2343:, plus the Russian-administered region of 2322:Mongolia plateau during early 17th century 2307:. Under the Qing dynasty (1644–1912), the 2220:(aka Xanadu) was located near present-day 2133: 1966:, Central and Western Inner Mongolia (the 1079:ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ 639: 608: 10688: 10303:. Commercial Press, Limited. p. 117. 10070: 10001: 9834: 8939: 8697: 8669:, Vol. 28, No. 2 (May 1994), pp. 409–430. 8218: 8037: 7275:temple built in 1697 and favoured by the 6945:Among the Han Chinese of Inner Mongolia, 6041:were incorporated into Inner Mongolia AR. 5185: 2402:and tribes in this region came under six 2371:which largely corresponds to modern-day 1790:Learn how and when to remove this message 10293:. – In English with a Japanese abstract. 10081: 10027:80% of the inhabitants of Inner Mongolia 9934:Janhunen, Juha (29 November 2012). "1". 9933: 9904:Otsuka, Hitomi (30 November 2012). "6". 9889:Janhunen, Juha (29 November 2012). "1". 9888: 9844:Janhunen, Juha (29 November 2012). "1". 9843: 9326: 8803:"Ordos: The biggest ghost town in China" 8678: 8489: 8401: 8277: 8271: 7425: 7085: 6922:). In recent years, franchises based on 6764: 6756: 6737: 6046: 6021:Established in 1947 from dissolution of 5908: 5648: 5598: 5201: 3085: 3066: 2909: 2901: 2769: 2604: 2325: 2317: 2178:The Northern Yuan at its greatest extent 2173: 2155: 1716:, the latter of which is written in the 1164: 850: 9918: 9582: 8911: 7402:, Tongliao. It is still well preserved. 6715: 5887:both served as Chairman of the region. 5810:Nenjiang–Greater Khingan Forest railway 2728:. On 8 December 1937, Mongolian Prince 2480:provinces also belonged to this region. 1660:(Dongbei), with major cities including 1546:question marks, boxes, or other symbols 210:Location of Inner Mongolia within China 12092: 10053:Wu, Jiayu; Fang, Yong (January 2016). 10052: 9903: 9602: 9542:National Bureau of Statistics of China 9520:National Bureau of Statistics of China 9496:National Bureau of Statistics of China 9472:National Bureau of Statistics of China 9448:National Bureau of Statistics of China 9424:National Bureau of Statistics of China 9359: 9043: 8559: 8557: 8110: 8078:National Bureau of Statistics of China 6976:Religion in Inner Mongolia (2005–2010) 6862:. Officially, even the Evenki dialect 5592:have become an economic factor in the 5226:Most populous cities in Inner Mongolia 4644:. Those are in turn divided into 1425 3284:Inner Mongolia is divided into twelve 2852:. This decision was reversed in 1979. 2609:Mongols stand in front of a yurt, 1912 2499:province also belonged to this region. 1894:farming communities in the south, and 1890:region, alternated in control between 1676:. The western division is included in 1251: 1138: 937: 825: 11714: 10943: 10662: 10350: 9919:Iredale, Robyn (2 August 2003). "3". 9859:Tsung, Linda (27 October 2014). "3". 9858: 9825: 9603:He, Shenghai; Eade, John (May 2015). 9596: 9366:The Federation of American Scientists 9187:国务院人口普查办公室、国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司编 (2012). 9158:国务院人口普查办公室、国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司编 (2022). 8735: 8647:from the original on 10 November 2018 8625:Lin, Hsiao-ting (13 September 2010). 8596:Lin, Hsiao-ting (13 September 2010). 8174:"Subnational Human Development Index" 8011: 7936: 7875: 7811:Winter storms of 2009–10 in East Asia 5702:People's Liberation Army Rocket Force 5168: 4048:Öbür mongγol-un öbertegen zasaqu orun 3553: 3550: 3547: 3544: 3541: 3536: 2914:Topography of Inner Mongolia in China 2622:promised a new nation of five races ( 2079:, it was a Xiongnu noble from Hetao, 1140:[nêɪmɤ̌ŋkùt͡sɹ̩̂ʈ͡ʂɻ̩̂t͡ɕʰʏ́] 10922: 8706: 8618: 8442: 6734:Mongolian language in Inner Mongolia 3576: 3571: 3563: 3558: 3513:Jiagedaqi Dist. & Songling Dist. 2315:in a different way for each region: 1739: 10378:Provincial-level divisions of China 10240:(Stanford University Press, 2002). 10194: 9282:"China Economy @ China Perspective" 8981:Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 8800: 8770:"Ordos, China: A Modern Ghost Town" 8624: 8595: 8563: 8554: 8462: 8166: 7695:Five Pagoda temple (1727) in Hohhot 7130:in the Mongolian tradition) and of 5825:List of stations on Jingbao railway 5720:Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone 5693:in parts of Inner Mongolia such as 3515:is de jure part of Oroqen Aut. Ban. 3273:For a more comprehensive list, see 2601:Mongol United Autonomous Government 2130:over Manchuria and Northern China. 1824:). Inner Mongolia is distinct from 1641:, along with the northern parts of 486: • Languages and dialects 13: 10556:Direct-administered municipalities 10223: 10033:(loosely translated "Heaven") and 9830:. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 59. 9255:. tmcnet.com. 2007. Archived from 8869:. 5 September 2013. Archived from 8782:from the original on 24 March 2015 8019:"Doing Business in China – Survey" 7249:Residence of Gurun Princess Kejing 5932: 5858:Communist Party Regional Committee 2863:(such as Dongsheng Coalfield) and 1724:, which is used in the country of 355: • Government Chairwoman 90:Öbhör Mongoliin Öörtöö Jasakh Oron 85:ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ 14: 12141: 10326:Inner Mongolia Government website 10318:Inner Mongolia Government website 10308: 9998:, 44: 123–146. See pages 130–133. 9621:from the original on 29 July 2018 9590:Mongolia in the Twentieth Century 9515:现将2000年第五次全国人口普查快速汇总的人口地区分布数据公布如下 9341:. neimenggu.gov.cn. 21 March 2024 9314:from the original on 27 June 2006 9031:from the original on 2 April 2015 8843:from the original on 2 April 2015 8813:from the original on 24 June 2018 8750:from the original on 2 April 2015 8139:. neimenggu.gov.cn. 21 March 2024 5104: 3587:Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 3135: 2817:head of regional government, was 2784:Inner Mongolian People's Republic 2031:drive the Xiongnu from the region 106: 62: 12013:Ethnic minority autonomous areas 11841: 10921: 10910: 10909: 10797:Inner Mongolia Normal University 10507: 10335: 9923:. Routledge. pp. 56, 64–67. 9807:from the original on 9 July 2020 8833:"Inner Mongolians culture clash" 8736:Zhang, Chi Chi (19 April 2012). 8627:"4 War and new frontier designs" 8598:"4 War and new frontier designs" 8569:"4 War and new frontier designs" 8206:from the original on 7 July 2013 7780: 7761: 7743: 7731: 7715: 7700: 7688: 7669: 7657: 7628: 7605: 7593: 7574: 7556: 7541: 7529: 7517: 7510: 7287:Xilitu Zhao / Siregtu juu Temple 5755:Border Economic Cooperation Area 5726:Border Economic Cooperation Area 5316: 5306: 5273: 5263: 4584: 4542: 4500: 4458: 4453: 4410: 4405: 4362: 4357: 4314: 4309: 4266: 4261: 4218: 4213: 4170: 4165: 4122: 4117: 4074: 4035: 4031:Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 3363: 2705:maps still show this structure. 2334:within the Qing dynasty, c. 1820 1929: 1744: 1564:Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 1526: 975:Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 654: 204: 152: 145: 134: 127: 45:Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 11663:Plain and Bordered White Banner 10188: 10170: 10149: 10128: 10112:2010 Islam by province, page 29 9988: 9979: 9976:. Amsterdam: Elsevier: 231–234. 9962: 9949: 9927: 9912: 9897: 9882: 9867: 9852: 9819: 9787: 9759: 9741:(in Chinese (China)). Beijing: 9718: 9689: 9633: 9570: 9552: 9398: 9379: 9353: 9296: 9245: 9209: 9137: 9105: 9076: 9011: 8986: 8962: 8933: 8905: 8877: 8855: 8825: 8794: 8762: 8729: 8672: 8659: 8589: 8545: 8536: 8527: 8518: 8483: 8456: 8436: 8422: 8395: 8376: 8333: 8324: 8315: 8306: 8294: 8253: 7986: 7946: 7679:(also called Ikh Zuu) built by 7436:Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center 7379:(907–1125) in Ningcheng County. 5890: 3090:Winter in Ulanbutan Grassland, 2546:Revolt of the Three Feudatories 2510:, one of the three generals of 2216:. Kublai Khan's summer capital 2190:tribes in 1206 and founded the 1828:, which was a term used by the 1277: 1250: 1236: 1222: 1201: 963: 936: 922: 908: 887: 468: • Ethnic composition 11117:Darhan'muminggan United Banner 10589:Special administrative regions 10138:. Bantam Press, London, 2004. 9733: 9727: 9491:中华人民共和国国家统计局关于一九九〇年人口普查主要数据的公报 9467:中华人民共和国国家统计局关于一九八二年人口普查主要数字的公报 9419:中华人民共和国国家统计局关于第一次全国人口调查登记结果的公报 8950:. Translated by Luisetta Mudie 8430:The Cambridge History of China 8188: 8137:"zh: 内蒙古自治区2023年国民经济和社会发展统计公报" 8092: 8066: 7929: 7926: 7923: 7920: 7917: 7907: 7898: 7885: 7868: 7865: 7855: 7823: 7722:Badain Jaran temple (1868) in 7641: 7355:The Arshihaty Stone Forest in 7264: 7163:, in which he is considered a 6761:Inner Mongolian carpet c. 1870 5905:List of ethnic groups in China 5572:are somewhat important in the 4675: 2536: 2531: 2260: 2249:in 1449, when the Oirat ruler 1856: 1854:(Nei) referred to the Nei Fan 1850: 1348: 1180: 1162: 1137: 1123: 1109: 1095: 1072: 1058: 1005: 986: 866: 848: 824: 810: 796: 782: 768: 754: 696: 680: 347: • Congress Chairman 1: 10286:Chiba University Repository. 10231:American Journal of Sociology 9985:Sečenbaγatur et al. 2005: 85. 9803:(in Chinese). 24 April 2020. 9050:Shenzhen Statistical Bureau. 8884:Gerry Shih (31 August 2020). 8711:. Cambridge, United Kingdom: 8443:Tsai, Wei-chieh (June 2017). 8176:. Global Data Lab China. 2021 8004: 7768:Genghis Khan Mausoleum (1954) 7635:Maidari Juu temple fortress ( 7411:) capital of the last Mongol 7315:Elsewhere in Inner Mongolia: 7311:ruler Huhanye Shanyu in 33BC. 7124:in the Chinese tradition and 6773:(4700 BC – 2900 BC) found in 5729:Hohhot Export Processing Zone 2767:fought against the Japanese. 2724:openly and fully invaded the 2656:area in what is now northern 1728:(formerly often described as 1598:; other major cities include 1373:Ichki Mongghul Aptonom Rayoni 417:3,556 m (11,667 ft) 12115:1947 establishments in China 10735: 10720: 10343:travel guide from Wikivoyage 10184:. 7 January 1979. p. 3. 10007:Fenggang Yang, Graeme Lang. 9768:内蒙古自治区发布2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报 8994:"Community threads together" 8801:Day, Peter (17 March 2012). 7585:(907–1125) tomb at Baoshan, 7496:2020 Inner Mongolia protests 7460: 5759: 3996: 3994: 3989: 3963: 3958: 3931: 3926: 3899: 3869: 3867: 3803: 3801: 3768: 3738: 3736: 3706: 3704: 3702: 3675: 3673: 3643: 3641: 2897: 1735: 1718:traditional Mongolian script 1371:ئىچكى موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم رايونى 1237:Noi6 mung4 gu2 Zi6 zi6 keoi1 165:Clockwise from the top left: 7: 12105:Autonomous regions of China 10195:Qin, Amy (31 August 2020). 8402:Charleux, Isabelle (2015). 7773: 7477:Language policy and protest 6960: 6885:valley, speak varieties of 6399: 6373: 6347: 6323: 6297: 6271: 6245: 4611: 4597: 4569: 4555: 4527: 4513: 4485: 4471: 4437: 4423: 4389: 4375: 4341: 4327: 4293: 4279: 4245: 4231: 4197: 4183: 4149: 4135: 4101: 4087: 3517:but de facto subordinate to 2122:, precursors to the modern 1770:the claims made and adding 1722:Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet 306:1025 towns and subdistricts 112: 89: 69: 10: 12146: 11588:Horqin Right Middle Banner 10649:political status of Taiwan 10641:People's Republic of China 10121:. Data from: Yang Zongde, 9996:Senri ethnological studies 9679:《中华人民共和国人口统计资料汇编1949—1985》 8912:Amy Qin (31 August 2020). 8713:Cambridge University Press 8707:Zhan, Jing Vivian (2022). 8504:10.1163/146481704793647171 8288:10.1163/146481704793647207 7616:built in 1032. Located in 7493: 7485:. A 1979 article from the 7469: 7319:Baotou's urban grassland, 7202: 7146:Chinese ancestral religion 7102:in Inner Mongolia, in the 7039:Chinese ancestral religion 6967:Religion in Inner Mongolia 6964: 6895:Zhangjiakou–Hohhot dialect 6866:is considered a language. 6719: 6444:Horqin Right Middle Banner 5894: 5840: 5837:Politics of Inner Mongolia 5834: 5764: 5697:, Hutengliang and Zhouzi. 5580:herding is carried out by 5547: 5305: 5262: 5217: 3286:prefecture-level divisions 3272: 3140:The region has increasing 3062: 3055: 2977:, a tilted and sedimented 2806:People's Republic of China 2790:People's Republic of China 2586: 2347:, and modern-day aimag of 2264: 2152:Ming dynasty in Inner Asia 2137: 1940:Tang dynasty in Inner Asia 1933: 1875: 1871: 1684:, accounting for 1.84% of 1572:People's Republic of China 1490: 1427: 1390: 1223:Noih mùhng gú Jih jih kēui 381:National People's Congress 50:Name transcription(s) 23:Autonomous region in China 16:Autonomous region of China 12007: 11945: 11917: 11887: 11864: 11850: 11839: 11755: 11676: 11601: 11583:Horqin Right Front Banner 11556: 11547: 11525:Qahar Right Middle Banner 11474: 11426: 11338: 11280: 11267:Horqin Left Middle Banner 11226: 11153: 11125: 11097:Bayan'obo Mining District 11067: 11009: 10998: 10984: 10905: 10887:Mausoleum of Genghis Khan 10869: 10853: 10810: 10792:Inner Mongolia University 10782: 10749: 10711: 10697: 10630: 10610: 10587: 10554: 10516: 10505: 10384: 10277: 10269: 10257: 10094:25 September 2015 at the 10089:Xiuhua Wang (2015, p. 15) 10023:. Quote from page 185: « 10021:Minzu University of China 9119:(in Simplified Chinese). 9113:Ministry of Civil Affairs 9056:(in Simplified Chinese). 9025:Ministry of Civil Affairs 9023:(in Simplified Chinese). 7877:[ˈɵw̜ʊ̈rˈmɔɴɢɜ̆ɮ] 7846: 7796:Leagues of Inner Mongolia 7636: 7536:Inner Mongolian grassland 7466:Colleges and universities 7407: 7348:, on the border close to 7328:Mausoleum of Genghis Khan 7262:Wanbu-Huayanjing Pagoda ( 7116:Minzu University of China 7077: 7067: 7062: 7052: 7047: 7037: 7032: 7022: 7017: 6988: 6984: 6980: 6975: 6918: 6636:Horqin Right Front Banner 6515:Horqin Left Middle Banner 6239: 6234: 6229: 6067:, and the prefectures of 6020: 5950:— 5815:Tongliao–Ranghulu railway 5641:, with sites such as the 5611:Mining-related industries 5552:Farming of crops such as 4682: 4604: 4583: 4562: 4541: 4520: 4499: 4478: 4452: 4430: 4404: 4382: 4356: 4334: 4308: 4286: 4260: 4238: 4212: 4190: 4164: 4142: 4116: 4094: 4073: 4053: 4016:SASM/GNC Mongolian Pinyin 4004: 3362: 3360: 3355: 3315: 3299: 1936:Han dynasty in Inner Asia 1518: 1511: 1504: 1499: 1483: 1478: 1469: 1462: 1457: 1448: 1441: 1436: 1420: 1415: 1405: 1384: 1379: 1370: 1364: 1359: 1341: 1336: 1332: 1307: 1300: 1293: 1288: 1267: 1260: 1243: 1229: 1215: 1208: 1194: 1187: 1173: 1155: 1148: 1130: 1116: 1110:Nei Meng-ku Tzu-chih-ch'ü 1102: 1088: 1065: 1051: 1044: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1021: 1017: 998: 979: 974: 953: 946: 929: 915: 901: 894: 880: 873: 859: 841: 834: 817: 803: 789: 775: 761: 747: 740: 735: 731: 723: 719: 709: 705: 689: 673: 668: 653: 638: 634: 629: 593: 575: 563: 549: 529: 519: 485: 467: 462: 452: 444: 434: 426: 421: 413: 403: 395: 390: 378: 364: 354: 346: 333: 325: 315: 310: 278: 268: 258: 250: 215: 203: 191:Mausoleum of Genghis Khan 120: 97: 77: 54: 49: 44: 35: 28: 11520:Qahar Right Front Banner 10741:Administrative divisions 10643:but administered by the 10297:Yin-tʻang Chang (1933). 10233:120.6 (2015): 1641–1689. 10177: 10125:, Jinan Muslim, 2, 2010. 9795: 9767: 9738: 9697: 9678: 9640: 9514: 9490: 9466: 9442: 9418: 9188: 9159: 9116: 9084: 9052: 9019: 8975:22 November 2011 at the 8679:Dikötter, Frank (2016). 8061:Chinese Science Bulletin 7816: 7726:, western Inner Mongolia 7418:(1588–1634). Located in 7251:is a mansion typical of 7234:, elaborate carvings of 6841:Inner Mongolian dialects 6795:in Inner Mongolia speak 6709:People's Liberation Army 5897:Mongols § Subgroups 5790:Harbin–Manzhouli railway 5785:Beijing–Tongliao railway 5653:Inner Mongolia Gymnasium 4646:township-level divisions 3269:Administrative divisions 3128:) in the far north near 3032:discontinuous permafrost 2675:Hulunbuir stayed within 2267:Mongolia under Qing rule 2144:Mongolia under Yuan rule 1548: instead of text in 1314: 1165:نُوِ مْ‌ٍ‌قُ زِجِ‌کِیُوِ 1096:Ney Meengguu Tzyhjyhchiu 1000:Traditional Chinese 691:Traditional Chinese 11530:Qahar Right Rear Banner 11272:Horqin Left Rear Banner 10897:Wanbu Huayanjing Pagoda 10892:Hexigten Global Geopark 10820:Music of Inner Mongolia 9391:16 October 2015 at the 9286:thechinaperspective.com 9087:(1 ed.). Beijing: 8388:2 November 2022 at the 7405:Ruins of Chagan Khoto ( 7357:Hexigten Global Geopark 7108:Mongolian folk religion 6877:, which belongs to the 6730:Music of Inner Mongolia 6480:Horqin Left Back Banner 6116:the former Jirim League 5831:Government and politics 5800:Jining–Tongliao railway 4019:Mongolian Transcription 3320:prefecture-level cities 3120:) in the northeast, or 2906:Inner Mongolian steppes 2295:'s son surrendered the 2240:. The Ming rebuilt the 2208:fell in 1234. In 1271, 2134:Mongol and Ming periods 1694:province-level division 981:Simplified Chinese 675:Simplified Chinese 550: • Per capita 453: • Rank 11658:Bordered Yellow Banner 11418:Morin'dawa Daur Banner 11393:New Barag Right Banner 10971:County-level divisions 9863:. Bloomsbury Academic. 9193:China Statistics Print 9164:China Statistics Print 9121:China Statistics Print 9089:China Statistics Print 9058:China Statistics Print 8463:Liu, Xiaoyuan (2006). 7751:Genghis Khan Mausoleum 7431: 7111: 6912:-related products and 6781: 6762: 6754: 6585:Bordered Yellow Banner 6462:New Barag Right Banner 6055: 5920: 5795:Jiayuguan–Ceke railway 5780:Baotou–Lanzhou railway 5774:Beijing–Baotou railway 5748:Export Processing Zone 5654: 5607: 4622:county-level divisions 3094: 3071: 2915: 2907: 2775: 2754:Battle of West Suiyuan 2686:in southern Manchuria. 2610: 2437:"Taoxi Mongolia": The 2335: 2323: 2179: 2171: 2126:, who established the 2083:, who established the 1652:Its area makes it the 1534:This article contains 1512:ནང་སོག་རང་སྐྱོང་ལྗོངས། 1278:Lāi-bông-kó Chū-tī-khu 414:Highest elevation 365: • Regional 11398:New Barag Left Banner 11353:Zhalainuo'er District 10840:Northeastern Mandarin 10731:Independence movement 10117:27 April 2017 at the 9454:on 14 September 2012. 9292:on 26 September 2011. 8567:(13 September 2010). 8408:. BRILL. p. 15. 8342:Environmental History 7952:The provinces of the 7483:medium of instruction 7429: 7089: 6875:Northeastern Mandarin 6768: 6760: 6741: 6497:New Barag Left Banner 6050: 5924:Historical population 5912: 5856:kept in check by the 5652: 5602: 3089: 3070: 3056:Further information: 2913: 2905: 2773: 2608: 2587:Further information: 2329: 2321: 2299:Mongol tribes to the 2255:Northern Yuan dynasty 2177: 2159: 1994:based in what is now 1984:Warring States period 1863:Due to the perceived 1500:Standard Tibetan name 448:20/km (53/sq mi) 11168:Yuanbaoshan District 10258:内モンゴル自治区における言語教育について 10246:Borjigin, Monkbat. " 10236:Williams, Dee Mack. 10207:on 19 September 2020 9443:第二次全国人口普查结果的几项主要统计数字 8667:Modern Asian Studies 8267:. 14 September 2023. 8055:14 June 2017 at the 7612:Remains of the city 7524:Ulaanbutan grassland 7438:, is located in the 7207:In the capital city 6716:Language and culture 5851:, articles 112–122, 5576:ranges in the east. 4556:Sili-yin ɣool ayimaɣ 3034:is present north of 2518:The Inner Mongolian 1990:(340–295 BC) of the 1720:, as opposed to the 1578:with the country of 1124:Nèiměnggǔ Zìhjhìhcyu 660:"Inner Mongolia" in 645:"Inner Mongolia" in 445: • Density 11648:West Ujimqin Banner 11643:East Ujimqin Banner 11466:Hanggin Rear Banner 11198:Bairin Right Banner 10870:Visitor attractions 9739:《2000年人口普查中国民族人口资料》 9641:《2010年人口普查中国民族人口资料》 9085:中国2010人口普查分乡、镇、街道资料 8891:The Washington Post 8301:History of Mongolia 7500:It was reported by 7392:in the Gobi Desert. 7161:Mongolian shamanism 6769:Jade dragon of the 6722:Culture of Mongolia 6550:West Ujimqin Banner 6532:East Ujimqin Banner 6428: 6220: 6123: 6090:ethnic groups, the 5925: 5619:rare-earth elements 4630:county-level cities 3520:Daxing'anling Pref. 3151: 2890:On 31 August 2020, 2881:wealth distribution 2826:Cultural Revolution 2693:province. Later on 2565:Front Gorlos Banner 2381:General of Uliastai 2330:Inner Mongolia and 2242:Great Wall of China 2224:. During that time 2077:Western Jin dynasty 2073:Eastern Han dynasty 2042:Western Han dynasty 2015:Yunzhong Commandery 1945:Slab Grave cultural 1878:History of Mongolia 231: / 12130:Historical regions 11638:Sonid Right Banner 11456:Urad Middle Banner 11295:Kangbashi District 11290:Dongsheng District 11193:Bairin Left Banner 11112:Tumed Right Banner 10825:Mongolian language 10802:Chifeng University 10518:Autonomous regions 10254:; Japanese title: 10201:The New York Times 10072:10.3130/jaabe.15.9 9959:. Kökeqota: ÖMAKQ. 9526:on 29 August 2012. 9360:Kristensen, Hans. 9259:on 19 October 2014 8919:The New York Times 7503:The New York Times 7432: 7346:Bashang Grasslands 7189:Mongolian Buddhism 7112: 6813:Mongolic languages 6797:Mongolian dialects 6782: 6763: 6755: 6688:Ar Khorchin Banner 6426: 6219: 6121: 6056: 5923: 5921: 5916:-themed Street in 5883:and granddaughter 5853:autonomous regions 5805:Linhe–Ceke railway 5655: 5608: 4642:autonomous banners 4060:Nèi Měnggǔ Zìzhìqū 3792:Kangbashi District 3147: 3095: 3072: 3058:Agulugou Formation 2975:North China Craton 2916: 2908: 2801:Chinese Communists 2776: 2611: 2589:Mongolia (1911–24) 2336: 2324: 2180: 2172: 2007:state of Zhongshan 1755:possibly contains 1658:Northeastern China 1594:). Its capital is 1295:Mongolian Cyrillic 647:Chinese characters 530: • Total 427: • Total 396: • Total 70:Nèi Měnggǔ Zìzhìqū 12087: 12086: 12003: 12002: 11991: 11905: 11837: 11836: 11742:Mongol-designated 11708: 11707: 11704: 11703: 11691:Alxa Right Banner 11668:Plain Blue Banner 11633:Sonid Left Banner 11543: 11542: 11515:Liangcheng County 11451:Urad Front Banner 11310:Otog Front Banner 11173:Songshan District 11163:Hongshan District 11135:Haibowan District 11087:Qingshan District 11059:Tumed Left Banner 11054:Qingshuihe County 11024:Xincheng District 11000:Prefecture-level 10978:Autonomous Region 10937: 10936: 10845:Plain Blue Banner 10829:in Inner Mongolia 10656: 10655: 10645:Republic of China 10612:Disputed province 10144:978-0-553-81498-9 9752:978-7-105-05425-1 9654:978-7-105-05425-1 9430:on 5 August 2009. 9233:on 10 August 2021 9202:978-7-5037-6659-6 9173:978-7-5037-9772-9 9130:978-7-5037-7130-9 9098:978-7-5037-6660-2 8839:. 18 April 2012. 8722:978-1-009-04898-9 8690:978-1-63286-422-2 8640:978-1-136-92392-0 8611:978-1-136-92392-0 8582:978-1-136-92393-7 8415:978-90-04-29778-4 8303:, Volume I, 2003. 7954:State of Mongolia 7908:Nèiměnggǔ Zìzhìqū 7724:Alxa Right Banner 7708:Badekar Monastery 7259:for his daughter. 7082: 7081: 6857:Tungusic language 6837:Plain Blue Banner 6827:and the arguably 6726:Music of Mongolia 6704: 6703: 6567:Sonid Left Banner 6435:Mongol population 6424: 6423: 6217: 6216: 6045: 6044: 5776:(Jingbao railway) 5544: 5543: 5164: 5163: 4700:2020 City proper 4618: 4617: 4000: 3999: 3727:Songshan District 3696:Haibowan District 3632:Xincheng District 3266: 3265: 3114:humid continental 3004:Khingan Mountains 2865:rare earth metals 2836:, Jirim going to 2726:Republic of China 2703:Republic of China 2620:Republic of China 2383:from the city of 2367:, as well as the 2309:Mongolian Plateau 2161:Persian miniature 2048:sent the general 1884:Mongolian Plateau 1848:. The term Inner 1830:Republic of China 1800: 1799: 1792: 1757:original research 1619:Republic of China 1568:autonomous region 1562:, officially the 1542:rendering support 1522: 1521: 1355: 1354: 1284: 1283: 1217:Yale Romanization 1202:Ne Monku Zyzychiu 1059:Nèiměnggǔ Zìzhìqū 1046:Standard Mandarin 1027:Nèiměnggǔ Zìzhìqū 970: 969: 903:Yale Romanization 742:Standard Mandarin 625: 624: 435: • Rank 404: • Rank 326: • Body 320:Autonomous region 316: • Type 38:Autonomous region 12137: 12110:Mongols in China 12014: 11985: 11899: 11862: 11861: 11845: 11762: 11761: 11745:autonomous areas 11735: 11728: 11721: 11712: 11711: 11686:Alxa Left Banner 11554: 11553: 11461:Urad Rear Banner 11403:Old Barag Banner 11330:Ejin'horo Banner 11188:Ar'horqin Banner 11178:Ningcheng County 11102:Jiuyuan District 11092:Shiguai District 11077:Hondlon District 11007: 11006: 10964: 10957: 10950: 10941: 10940: 10925: 10924: 10913: 10912: 10835:Mongolian script 10683: 10676: 10669: 10660: 10659: 10511: 10371: 10364: 10357: 10348: 10347: 10339: 10324: 10316: 10304: 10281: 10280: 10279: 10278:千葉大学ユーラシア言語文化論講座 10273: 10272: 10271: 10261: 10260: 10259: 10217: 10216: 10214: 10212: 10203:. Archived from 10192: 10186: 10185: 10174: 10168: 10159:. Bantam, 2005. 10153: 10147: 10132: 10126: 10104: 10098: 10085: 10079: 10076: 10074: 10050: 10044: 10041:cultural assets. 10005: 9999: 9992: 9986: 9983: 9977: 9966: 9960: 9953: 9947: 9946: 9939: 9931: 9925: 9924: 9916: 9910: 9909: 9901: 9895: 9894: 9886: 9880: 9879: 9871: 9865: 9864: 9856: 9850: 9849: 9841: 9832: 9831: 9823: 9817: 9816: 9814: 9812: 9791: 9785: 9784: 9782: 9780: 9771:. Archived from 9763: 9757: 9756: 9745:. pp. 4–8. 9736: 9735: 9730: 9729: 9722: 9716: 9714: 9712: 9710: 9693: 9687: 9686: 9670: 9659: 9658: 9637: 9631: 9630: 9628: 9626: 9620: 9609: 9600: 9594: 9593: 9586: 9580: 9574: 9568: 9567: 9556: 9550: 9549: 9548:on 27 July 2013. 9544:. Archived from 9534: 9528: 9527: 9522:. Archived from 9510: 9504: 9503: 9502:on 19 June 2012. 9498:. Archived from 9486: 9480: 9479: 9474:. Archived from 9462: 9456: 9455: 9450:. Archived from 9438: 9432: 9431: 9426:. Archived from 9414: 9408: 9402: 9396: 9383: 9377: 9376: 9374: 9372: 9357: 9351: 9350: 9348: 9346: 9335: 9324: 9323: 9321: 9319: 9300: 9294: 9293: 9288:. Archived from 9278: 9269: 9268: 9266: 9264: 9249: 9243: 9242: 9240: 9238: 9213: 9207: 9206: 9184: 9178: 9177: 9155: 9149: 9148: 9141: 9135: 9134: 9115:(August 2014). 9109: 9103: 9102: 9080: 9074: 9073: 9071: 9069: 9060:. Archived from 9047: 9041: 9040: 9038: 9036: 9020:中华人民共和国县以上行政区划代码 9015: 9009: 9008: 9006: 9004: 8990: 8984: 8966: 8960: 8959: 8957: 8955: 8937: 8931: 8930: 8928: 8926: 8909: 8903: 8902: 8900: 8898: 8881: 8875: 8874: 8873:on 2 April 2015. 8859: 8853: 8852: 8850: 8848: 8829: 8823: 8822: 8820: 8818: 8798: 8792: 8791: 8789: 8787: 8766: 8760: 8759: 8757: 8755: 8733: 8727: 8726: 8704: 8695: 8694: 8676: 8670: 8663: 8657: 8656: 8654: 8652: 8622: 8616: 8615: 8593: 8587: 8586: 8561: 8552: 8549: 8543: 8540: 8534: 8531: 8525: 8522: 8516: 8515: 8487: 8481: 8480: 8460: 8454: 8453: 8451: 8440: 8434: 8433: 8426: 8420: 8419: 8399: 8393: 8380: 8374: 8373: 8337: 8331: 8328: 8322: 8319: 8313: 8310: 8304: 8298: 8292: 8291: 8275: 8269: 8268: 8257: 8251: 8250: 8248: 8246: 8241:on 4 August 2022 8237:. Archived from 8227: 8216: 8215: 8213: 8211: 8192: 8186: 8185: 8183: 8181: 8170: 8164: 8163: 8161: 8159: 8148: 8146: 8144: 8133: 8131: 8129: 8114: 8108: 8107: 8096: 8090: 8089: 8087: 8085: 8070: 8064: 8046: 8035: 8034: 8032: 8030: 8025:on 5 August 2013 8015: 7998: 7990: 7984: 7950: 7944: 7940: 7935: 7931: 7928: 7925: 7922: 7919: 7909: 7900: 7889: 7883: 7879: 7874: 7870: 7867: 7857: 7848: 7827: 7790: 7785: 7784: 7783: 7765: 7755:Ejin Horo Banner 7747: 7735: 7719: 7704: 7692: 7673: 7661: 7643: 7638: 7632: 7609: 7597: 7587:Ar Horqin Banner 7581:Fresco from the 7578: 7560: 7545: 7533: 7521: 7448:Shenzhou program 7420:Ar Horqin Banner 7410: 7409: 7338:, is located in 7291:Tibetan Buddhism 7267: 7266: 7197:Chinese Buddhism 7185:Tibetan Buddhism 7024:Tibetan Buddhism 6973: 6972: 6921: 6920: 6771:Hongshan culture 6653:Old Barag Banner 6429: 6425: 6221: 6218: 6124: 6120: 6039:Ningxia Province 6035:Suiyuan Province 6023:Xing'an Province 5939: 5934: 5926: 5922: 5901:Mongols in China 5873:Khorchin Mongols 5683: 5659:power generation 5643:Xifeng oil field 5320: 5310: 5277: 5267: 5227: 5215: 5214: 5208: 5205: 5199: 5192: 5183: 5172: 5160: 5134: 5111: 5089: 5066: 5040: 5017: 4994: 4971: 4948: 4925: 4899: 4680: 4679: 4662:ethnic townships 4648:, including 532 4614: 4607: 4606: 4600: 4590: 4589: 4588: 4572: 4565: 4564: 4558: 4551:Xiliin'gol Aimag 4548: 4547: 4546: 4530: 4523: 4522: 4516: 4506: 4505: 4504: 4488: 4481: 4480: 4474: 4464: 4463: 4462: 4457: 4440: 4433: 4432: 4426: 4416: 4415: 4414: 4409: 4392: 4385: 4384: 4378: 4376:Kölön-buyir qota 4368: 4367: 4366: 4361: 4344: 4337: 4336: 4330: 4320: 4319: 4318: 4313: 4296: 4289: 4288: 4282: 4272: 4271: 4270: 4265: 4248: 4241: 4240: 4234: 4224: 4223: 4222: 4217: 4200: 4193: 4192: 4186: 4176: 4175: 4174: 4169: 4152: 4145: 4144: 4138: 4128: 4127: 4126: 4121: 4104: 4097: 4096: 4090: 4080: 4079: 4078: 4056: 4055: 4039: 4002: 4001: 3986:Alxa Left Banner 3664:Jiuyuan District 3548:Population 2020 3529: 3528: 3509: 3508: 3500: 3489: 3478: 3467: 3458: 3449: 3440: 3431: 3422: 3413: 3411: 3402: 3400: 3393: 3384: 3375: 3373: 3367: 3366: 3353: 3352: 3317: 3301: 3152: 3146: 3022:and a number of 2968:Zabaykalsky Krai 2857:mineral deposits 2758:Battle of Wuyuan 2538: 2533: 2089:Sixteen Kingdoms 2013:and created the 2000:Shanxi Provinces 1859: 1858: 1853: 1852: 1842:Republic of Tuva 1795: 1788: 1784: 1781: 1775: 1772:inline citations 1748: 1747: 1740: 1592:Zabaykalsky Krai 1550:Mongolian script 1536:Mongolian script 1530: 1529: 1514: 1513: 1506:Standard Tibetan 1495: 1494: 1474: 1473: 1453: 1452: 1432: 1431: 1401: 1374: 1351: 1350: 1334: 1333: 1326: 1309:Mongolian script 1303: 1302: 1280: 1279: 1256: 1255: 1254: 1239: 1238: 1225: 1224: 1204: 1203: 1183: 1182: 1181:Луй Мынгў Зыҗычү 1169: 1168: 1167: 1166: 1144: 1143: 1142: 1126: 1125: 1112: 1111: 1098: 1097: 1084: 1083: 1061: 1060: 1037: 1036: 1013: 1012: 994: 993: 966: 965: 942: 941: 940: 925: 924: 911: 910: 890: 889: 869: 868: 855: 854: 853: 852: 830: 829: 828: 813: 812: 799: 798: 785: 784: 771: 770: 757: 756: 733: 732: 701: 700: 685: 684: 662:Mongolian script 658: 643: 627: 626: 621: 615: 612: 607: 604: 602: 600: 589: 525: 490:Mandarin Chinese 283:Prefecture-level 246: 245: 243: 242: 241: 236: 232: 229: 228: 227: 224: 208: 156: 149: 138: 131: 115: 109: 108: 101: 92: 86: 81: 72: 65: 64: 58: 26: 25: 12145: 12144: 12140: 12139: 12138: 12136: 12135: 12134: 12090: 12089: 12088: 12083: 12082: 12012: 11999: 11946:Other provinces 11941: 11913: 11883: 11854: 11846: 11833: 11751: 11739: 11709: 11700: 11672: 11597: 11539: 11484:Jining District 11470: 11422: 11348:Hailar District 11334: 11276: 11236:Horqin District 11222: 11203:Hexigten Banner 11149: 11140:Hainan District 11121: 11082:Donghe District 11063: 11049:Horinger County 11034:Saihan District 11029:Yuquan District 11019:Huimin District 11001: 10994: 10980: 10968: 10938: 10933: 10901: 10865: 10849: 10806: 10778: 10745: 10707: 10693: 10687: 10657: 10652: 10626: 10606: 10583: 10550: 10512: 10503: 10380: 10375: 10322: 10314: 10311: 10275: 10270:千葉大学ユーラシア言語文化論集 10267: 10255: 10226: 10224:Further reading 10221: 10220: 10210: 10208: 10193: 10189: 10179: 10176: 10175: 10171: 10154: 10150: 10133: 10129: 10119:Wayback Machine 10105: 10101: 10096:Wayback Machine 10086: 10082: 10051: 10047: 10011:. BRILL, 2012. 10006: 10002: 9993: 9989: 9984: 9980: 9967: 9963: 9954: 9950: 9932: 9928: 9917: 9913: 9902: 9898: 9887: 9883: 9872: 9868: 9857: 9853: 9842: 9835: 9824: 9820: 9810: 9808: 9797: 9793: 9792: 9788: 9778: 9776: 9775:on 12 July 2013 9769: 9765: 9764: 9760: 9753: 9740: 9728:国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司 9723: 9719: 9708: 9706: 9705:on 27 July 2013 9699: 9695: 9694: 9690: 9680: 9677: 9671: 9662: 9655: 9642: 9639: 9638: 9634: 9624: 9622: 9618: 9612:Sociology Study 9607: 9601: 9597: 9588: 9587: 9583: 9575: 9571: 9558: 9557: 9553: 9536: 9535: 9531: 9516: 9512: 9511: 9507: 9492: 9488: 9487: 9483: 9478:on 10 May 2012. 9468: 9464: 9463: 9459: 9444: 9440: 9439: 9435: 9420: 9416: 9415: 9411: 9403: 9399: 9393:Wayback Machine 9384: 9380: 9370: 9368: 9358: 9354: 9344: 9342: 9339:"National Data" 9337: 9336: 9327: 9317: 9315: 9302: 9301: 9297: 9280: 9279: 9272: 9262: 9260: 9251: 9250: 9246: 9236: 9234: 9214: 9210: 9203: 9190: 9189:中国2010年人口普查分县资料 9185: 9181: 9174: 9161: 9160:中国2020年人口普查分县资料 9156: 9152: 9143: 9142: 9138: 9131: 9118: 9110: 9106: 9099: 9086: 9081: 9077: 9067: 9065: 9054: 9048: 9044: 9034: 9032: 9021: 9017: 9016: 9012: 9002: 9000: 8992: 8991: 8987: 8977:Wayback Machine 8967: 8963: 8953: 8951: 8947:Radio Free Asia 8938: 8934: 8924: 8922: 8910: 8906: 8896: 8894: 8882: 8878: 8867:Radio Free Asia 8861: 8860: 8856: 8846: 8844: 8831: 8830: 8826: 8816: 8814: 8799: 8795: 8785: 8783: 8768: 8767: 8763: 8753: 8751: 8734: 8730: 8723: 8705: 8698: 8691: 8677: 8673: 8664: 8660: 8650: 8648: 8641: 8623: 8619: 8612: 8594: 8590: 8583: 8565:Lin, Hsiao-ting 8562: 8555: 8550: 8546: 8541: 8537: 8532: 8528: 8523: 8519: 8488: 8484: 8477: 8461: 8457: 8449: 8441: 8437: 8428: 8427: 8423: 8416: 8400: 8396: 8390:Wayback Machine 8381: 8377: 8354:10.2307/3985584 8338: 8334: 8329: 8325: 8320: 8316: 8311: 8307: 8299: 8295: 8276: 8272: 8259: 8258: 8254: 8244: 8242: 8229: 8228: 8219: 8209: 8207: 8194: 8193: 8189: 8179: 8177: 8172: 8171: 8167: 8157: 8155: 8150: 8142: 8140: 8135: 8127: 8125: 8118:"National Data" 8116: 8115: 8111: 8098: 8097: 8093: 8083: 8081: 8072: 8071: 8067: 8057:Wayback Machine 8047: 8038: 8028: 8026: 8017: 8016: 8012: 8007: 8002: 8001: 7991: 7987: 7951: 7947: 7943: 7933: 7890: 7886: 7882: 7872: 7828: 7824: 7819: 7786: 7781: 7779: 7776: 7769: 7766: 7757: 7748: 7739: 7736: 7727: 7720: 7711: 7705: 7696: 7693: 7684: 7674: 7665: 7662: 7653: 7633: 7624: 7610: 7601: 7598: 7589: 7579: 7570: 7561: 7552: 7549:Helan Mountains 7546: 7537: 7534: 7525: 7522: 7513: 7498: 7479: 7474: 7468: 7463: 7455:Siziwang Banner 7299:is the tomb of 7205: 7098:in the town of 7084: 7083: 7075: 7060: 7045: 7030: 7015: 7001: 6969: 6963: 6736: 6718: 5907: 5895:Main articles: 5893: 5845: 5839: 5833: 5767: 5762: 5710: 5681: 5633:than any other 5617:, natural gas, 5574:Greater Khingan 5550: 5545: 5321: 5315: 5311: 5278: 5272: 5268: 5236: 5235: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5220: 5212: 5211: 5206: 5202: 5193: 5186: 5178:from a part of 5173: 5169: 5153: 5130: 5107: 5085: 5063:Xilingol League 5059: 5036: 5013: 4990: 4967: 4944: 4918: 4896:Xilingol League 4892: 4697:2010 Urban area 4694:2020 Urban area 4678: 4624:, including 22 4570:Xīlínguōlè Méng 4536:Xilingol League 4438:Bāyànnào'ěr Shì 4424:Bayannaɣur qota 4390:Hūlúnbèi'ěr Shì 4232:Ulaɣanqada qota 3943:Xilingol League 3890:Jining District 3824:Hailar District 3759:Horqin District 3532: 3531: 3530: 3518: 3516: 3514: 3511: 3510: 3504: 3503: 3501: 3496: 3492: 3490: 3485: 3481: 3479: 3474: 3470: 3468: 3461: 3459: 3452: 3450: 3443: 3441: 3434: 3432: 3425: 3423: 3416: 3414: 3407: 3405: 3403: 3398: 3396: 3394: 3387: 3385: 3378: 3376: 3371: 3369: 3364: 3282: 3271: 3142:desertification 3138: 3092:Hexigten Banner 3065: 3060: 3036:Hailar District 3030:species. Where 2987:Helan Mountains 2928:Northwest China 2924:Northeast China 2900: 2879:. Acute uneven 2792: 2722:Empire of Japan 2603: 2585: 2398:provinces. The 2375:of Russia, and 2369:Tannu Uriankhai 2361:Khalkha Mongols 2345:Tannu Uriankhai 2269: 2263: 2154: 2138:Main articles: 2136: 2106:founded by the 1942: 1932: 1880: 1874: 1796: 1785: 1779: 1776: 1761: 1749: 1745: 1738: 1557: 1556: 1555: 1554: 1553: 1540:Without proper 1531: 1527: 1492: 1471: 1450: 1429: 1400: 1372: 1328: 1327: 1325: 1315: 1118:Tongyong Pinyin 1090:Gwoyeu Romatzyh 1082: 805:Tongyong Pinyin 777:Gwoyeu Romatzyh 724:Literal meaning 664: 649: 617: 616: 613: 597: 587: 558: 541: 536:2,463 billion ( 523: 480: 475: 305: 303: 299: 294: 290: 285: 280: 239: 237: 233: 230: 225: 222: 220: 218: 217: 211: 199: 198: 197: 196: 195: 176:Greater Khingan 161: 160: 159: 158: 157: 150: 141: 140: 139: 132: 99: 84: 79: 66: 56: 40: 31: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 12143: 12133: 12132: 12127: 12122: 12117: 12112: 12107: 12102: 12100:Inner Mongolia 12085: 12084: 12081: 12080: 12075: 12070: 12065: 12060: 12055: 12050: 12045: 12040: 12035: 12030: 12025: 12020: 12015: 12009: 12008: 12005: 12004: 12001: 12000: 11998: 11997: 11980: 11970: 11960: 11949: 11947: 11943: 11942: 11940: 11939: 11934: 11929: 11923: 11921: 11915: 11914: 11912: 11911: 11906: 11893: 11891: 11885: 11884: 11882: 11881: 11876: 11870: 11868: 11859: 11848: 11847: 11840: 11838: 11835: 11834: 11832: 11831: 11826: 11821: 11816: 11811: 11806: 11801: 11796: 11791: 11786: 11781: 11776: 11770: 11768: 11766:Inner Mongolia 11759: 11753: 11752: 11738: 11737: 11730: 11723: 11715: 11706: 11705: 11702: 11701: 11699: 11698: 11693: 11688: 11682: 11680: 11674: 11673: 11671: 11670: 11665: 11660: 11655: 11650: 11645: 11640: 11635: 11630: 11625: 11620: 11614: 11607: 11605: 11599: 11598: 11596: 11595: 11590: 11585: 11580: 11575: 11569: 11562: 11560: 11551: 11545: 11544: 11541: 11540: 11538: 11537: 11532: 11527: 11522: 11517: 11512: 11507: 11505:Shangdu County 11502: 11497: 11492: 11486: 11480: 11478: 11472: 11471: 11469: 11468: 11463: 11458: 11453: 11448: 11446:Dengkou County 11443: 11438: 11436:Linhe District 11432: 11430: 11424: 11423: 11421: 11420: 11415: 11410: 11405: 11400: 11395: 11390: 11385: 11379: 11373: 11367: 11361: 11355: 11350: 11344: 11342: 11336: 11335: 11333: 11332: 11327: 11322: 11320:Hanggin Banner 11317: 11312: 11307: 11302: 11297: 11292: 11286: 11284: 11278: 11277: 11275: 11274: 11269: 11264: 11259: 11254: 11249: 11244: 11238: 11232: 11230: 11224: 11223: 11221: 11220: 11215: 11210: 11208:Ongniud Banner 11205: 11200: 11195: 11190: 11185: 11180: 11175: 11170: 11165: 11159: 11157: 11151: 11150: 11148: 11147: 11142: 11137: 11131: 11129: 11123: 11122: 11120: 11119: 11114: 11109: 11104: 11099: 11094: 11089: 11084: 11079: 11073: 11071: 11065: 11064: 11062: 11061: 11056: 11051: 11046: 11044:Wuchuan County 11041: 11036: 11031: 11026: 11021: 11015: 11013: 11004: 10996: 10995: 10985: 10982: 10981: 10975:Inner Mongolia 10967: 10966: 10959: 10952: 10944: 10935: 10934: 10932: 10931: 10919: 10906: 10903: 10902: 10900: 10899: 10894: 10889: 10884: 10879: 10873: 10871: 10867: 10866: 10864: 10863: 10857: 10855: 10851: 10850: 10848: 10847: 10842: 10837: 10832: 10822: 10816: 10814: 10808: 10807: 10805: 10804: 10799: 10794: 10788: 10786: 10780: 10779: 10777: 10776: 10771: 10769:Tengger Desert 10766: 10761: 10755: 10753: 10747: 10746: 10744: 10743: 10738: 10733: 10728: 10723: 10717: 10715: 10709: 10708: 10698: 10695: 10694: 10690:Inner Mongolia 10686: 10685: 10678: 10671: 10663: 10654: 10653: 10631: 10628: 10627: 10625: 10624: 10616: 10614: 10608: 10607: 10605: 10604: 10599: 10593: 10591: 10585: 10584: 10582: 10581: 10576: 10571: 10566: 10560: 10558: 10552: 10551: 10549: 10548: 10543: 10538: 10533: 10531:Inner Mongolia 10528: 10522: 10520: 10514: 10513: 10506: 10504: 10502: 10501: 10496: 10491: 10486: 10481: 10476: 10471: 10466: 10461: 10456: 10451: 10446: 10441: 10436: 10431: 10426: 10421: 10416: 10411: 10406: 10401: 10396: 10390: 10388: 10382: 10381: 10374: 10373: 10366: 10359: 10351: 10345: 10344: 10341:Inner Mongolia 10333: 10328: 10323:(in Mongolian) 10320: 10310: 10309:External links 10307: 10306: 10305: 10294: 10288:See profile at 10284:See profile at 10244: 10234: 10225: 10222: 10219: 10218: 10187: 10182:People's Daily 10178:内蒙古广泛使用和发展蒙古语文 10169: 10148: 10146:. pp. 402–404. 10127: 10099: 10080: 10045: 10000: 9987: 9978: 9970:Janhunen, Juha 9961: 9948: 9926: 9911: 9896: 9881: 9866: 9851: 9833: 9818: 9786: 9758: 9751: 9734:国家民族事务委员会经济发展司 9717: 9688: 9660: 9653: 9632: 9595: 9581: 9569: 9566:. 11 May 2021. 9551: 9540:(in Chinese). 9529: 9518:(in Chinese). 9505: 9494:(in Chinese). 9481: 9457: 9433: 9422:(in Chinese). 9409: 9397: 9378: 9352: 9325: 9295: 9270: 9244: 9222:中国城市建设统计年鉴2018 9208: 9201: 9179: 9172: 9150: 9136: 9129: 9117:《中国民政统计年鉴2014》 9104: 9097: 9075: 9064:on 12 May 2015 9042: 9010: 8985: 8983:11: 1633–1644. 8961: 8932: 8904: 8876: 8854: 8824: 8793: 8761: 8728: 8721: 8696: 8689: 8671: 8658: 8639: 8617: 8610: 8588: 8581: 8553: 8544: 8535: 8526: 8517: 8482: 8475: 8455: 8435: 8421: 8414: 8394: 8375: 8348:(4): 503–530. 8332: 8323: 8314: 8305: 8293: 8270: 8252: 8217: 8187: 8165: 8109: 8091: 8065: 8036: 8009: 8008: 8006: 8003: 8000: 7999: 7985: 7958:Outer Mongolia 7945: 7942: 7941: 7911: 7891: 7884: 7881: 7880: 7859: 7840: 7832:Also known as 7829: 7821: 7820: 7818: 7815: 7814: 7813: 7808: 7803: 7798: 7792: 7791: 7775: 7772: 7771: 7770: 7767: 7760: 7758: 7749: 7742: 7740: 7737: 7730: 7728: 7721: 7714: 7712: 7706: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7687: 7685: 7675: 7668: 7666: 7663: 7656: 7654: 7634: 7627: 7625: 7611: 7604: 7602: 7599: 7592: 7590: 7580: 7573: 7571: 7562: 7555: 7553: 7547: 7540: 7538: 7535: 7528: 7526: 7523: 7516: 7512: 7509: 7494:Main article: 7488:People's Daily 7478: 7475: 7467: 7464: 7462: 7459: 7424: 7423: 7403: 7396: 7393: 7386: 7383: 7380: 7370: 7360: 7353: 7343: 7324: 7313: 7312: 7294: 7293:in the region. 7284: 7277:Kangxi Emperor 7269: 7260: 7257:Kangxi Emperor 7246: 7243: 7216:Da Zhao Temple 7204: 7201: 7090:Temple of the 7080: 7079: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7065: 7064: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7050: 7049: 7046: 7043: 7041: 7035: 7034: 7031: 7028: 7026: 7020: 7019: 7016: 7013: 7011: 6986: 6985: 6983: 6981: 6978: 6977: 6971: 6970: 6965:Main article: 6962: 6959: 6914:hand-held lamb 6775:Ongniud Banner 6717: 6714: 6702: 6701: 6698: 6695: 6684: 6683: 6680: 6677: 6667: 6666: 6663: 6660: 6649: 6648: 6645: 6642: 6632: 6631: 6628: 6625: 6615: 6614: 6611: 6608: 6598: 6597: 6594: 6591: 6581: 6580: 6577: 6574: 6563: 6562: 6559: 6556: 6546: 6545: 6542: 6539: 6528: 6527: 6524: 6521: 6511: 6510: 6507: 6504: 6493: 6492: 6489: 6486: 6476: 6475: 6472: 6469: 6458: 6457: 6454: 6451: 6440: 6439: 6436: 6433: 6432:Name of banner 6422: 6421: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6411: 6408: 6405: 6402: 6398: 6397: 6394: 6391: 6388: 6385: 6382: 6379: 6376: 6372: 6371: 6368: 6365: 6362: 6359: 6356: 6353: 6350: 6346: 6345: 6343: 6341: 6338: 6335: 6332: 6329: 6326: 6322: 6321: 6318: 6315: 6312: 6309: 6306: 6303: 6300: 6296: 6295: 6292: 6289: 6286: 6283: 6280: 6277: 6274: 6270: 6269: 6266: 6263: 6260: 6257: 6254: 6251: 6248: 6244: 6243: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6225: 6215: 6214: 6211: 6208: 6202: 6201: 6198: 6195: 6189: 6188: 6185: 6182: 6176: 6175: 6172: 6169: 6163: 6162: 6159: 6156: 6150: 6149: 6146: 6143: 6137: 6136: 6133: 6130: 6065:Hinggan League 6043: 6042: 6027:Qahar Province 6018: 6017: 6014: 6011: 6007: 6006: 6003: 6000: 5996: 5995: 5992: 5989: 5985: 5984: 5981: 5978: 5974: 5973: 5970: 5967: 5963: 5962: 5959: 5956: 5952: 5951: 5948: 5945: 5941: 5940: 5935: 5930: 5892: 5889: 5835:Main article: 5832: 5829: 5828: 5827: 5818: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5802: 5797: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5766: 5763: 5761: 5758: 5757: 5756: 5750: 5742: 5731: 5730: 5727: 5721: 5709: 5706: 5549: 5546: 5542: 5541: 5538: 5533: 5530: 5527: 5522: 5518: 5517: 5514: 5509: 5506: 5503: 5498: 5494: 5493: 5490: 5485: 5482: 5479: 5474: 5470: 5469: 5466: 5461: 5458: 5455: 5450: 5446: 5445: 5442: 5437: 5434: 5431: 5426: 5422: 5421: 5418: 5413: 5410: 5407: 5402: 5398: 5397: 5394: 5389: 5386: 5383: 5378: 5374: 5373: 5370: 5365: 5362: 5359: 5354: 5350: 5349: 5346: 5341: 5338: 5335: 5330: 5326: 5325: 5304: 5301: 5296: 5293: 5290: 5285: 5282: 5260: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5246: 5244: 5241: 5238: 5237: 5229: 5224: 5221: 5218: 5213: 5210: 5209: 5200: 5184: 5166: 5165: 5162: 5161: 5157:Hinggan League 5151: 5148: 5145: 5140: 5136: 5135: 5128: 5125: 5122: 5117: 5113: 5112: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5095: 5091: 5090: 5083: 5080: 5077: 5072: 5068: 5067: 5057: 5054: 5051: 5046: 5042: 5041: 5034: 5031: 5028: 5023: 5019: 5018: 5011: 5008: 5005: 5000: 4996: 4995: 4988: 4985: 4982: 4977: 4973: 4972: 4965: 4962: 4959: 4954: 4950: 4949: 4942: 4939: 4936: 4931: 4927: 4926: 4922:Hinggan League 4916: 4913: 4910: 4905: 4901: 4900: 4890: 4887: 4884: 4879: 4875: 4874: 4871: 4868: 4865: 4860: 4856: 4855: 4852: 4849: 4846: 4841: 4837: 4836: 4833: 4830: 4827: 4822: 4818: 4817: 4814: 4811: 4808: 4803: 4799: 4798: 4795: 4792: 4789: 4784: 4780: 4779: 4776: 4773: 4770: 4765: 4761: 4760: 4757: 4754: 4751: 4746: 4742: 4741: 4738: 4735: 4732: 4727: 4723: 4722: 4719: 4716: 4713: 4706: 4702: 4701: 4698: 4695: 4692: 4689: 4685: 4684: 4677: 4674: 4616: 4615: 4608: 4601: 4594: 4591: 4580: 4574: 4573: 4566: 4559: 4552: 4549: 4538: 4532: 4531: 4524: 4517: 4510: 4507: 4496: 4494:Hinggan League 4490: 4489: 4486:Wūlánchábù Shì 4482: 4475: 4472:Ulaɣančab qota 4468: 4465: 4449: 4442: 4441: 4434: 4427: 4420: 4417: 4401: 4394: 4393: 4386: 4379: 4372: 4371:Hulun'buir Hot 4369: 4353: 4346: 4345: 4338: 4331: 4324: 4321: 4305: 4298: 4297: 4290: 4283: 4276: 4273: 4257: 4250: 4249: 4242: 4235: 4228: 4225: 4209: 4202: 4201: 4194: 4187: 4180: 4177: 4161: 4154: 4153: 4146: 4139: 4132: 4129: 4113: 4106: 4105: 4098: 4091: 4084: 4081: 4070: 4063: 4062: 4057: 4050: 4045: 4040: 4033: 4027: 4026: 4023: 4020: 4017: 4014: 4011: 4007: 4006: 3998: 3997: 3995: 3993: 3990: 3988: 3983: 3980: 3977: 3972: 3968: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3951: 3948: 3945: 3940: 3936: 3935: 3932: 3930: 3927: 3925: 3919: 3916: 3913: 3911:Hinggan League 3908: 3904: 3903: 3900: 3898: 3895: 3892: 3887: 3884: 3881: 3875: 3871: 3870: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3860: 3858:Linhe District 3855: 3852: 3849: 3843: 3839: 3838: 3835: 3832: 3829: 3826: 3821: 3818: 3815: 3809: 3805: 3804: 3802: 3800: 3797: 3794: 3789: 3786: 3783: 3777: 3773: 3772: 3769: 3767: 3764: 3761: 3756: 3753: 3750: 3744: 3740: 3739: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3729: 3724: 3721: 3718: 3712: 3708: 3707: 3705: 3703: 3701: 3698: 3693: 3690: 3687: 3681: 3677: 3676: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3666: 3661: 3658: 3655: 3649: 3645: 3644: 3642: 3640: 3637: 3634: 3629: 3626: 3623: 3617: 3613: 3612: 3609: 3606: 3603: 3600: 3594: 3591: 3588: 3585: 3581: 3580: 3575: 3570: 3562: 3556: 3555: 3552: 3549: 3546: 3543: 3540: 3534: 3533: 3502: 3491: 3480: 3469: 3460: 3451: 3442: 3433: 3424: 3415: 3404: 3395: 3386: 3377: 3368: 3361: 3358: 3357: 3270: 3267: 3264: 3263: 3260: 3257: 3254: 3251: 3245: 3244: 3241: 3238: 3235: 3232: 3226: 3225: 3222: 3219: 3216: 3213: 3207: 3206: 3203: 3200: 3197: 3194: 3188: 3187: 3184: 3181: 3178: 3175: 3169: 3168: 3165: 3162: 3159: 3156: 3137: 3136:Climate crisis 3134: 3064: 3061: 3008:Manchurian elm 2964:Outer Mongolia 2899: 2896: 2892:large protests 2873:ethnic Chinese 2791: 2788: 2730:Demchugdongrub 2699: 2698: 2687: 2680: 2673: 2667: 2661: 2584: 2581: 2516: 2515: 2500: 2481: 2450: 2443:Ejine Torghuud 2435: 2388: 2332:Outer Mongolia 2265:Main article: 2262: 2259: 2135: 2132: 2098:(581–618) and 1931: 1928: 1914:, and nomadic 1873: 1870: 1826:Outer Mongolia 1798: 1797: 1752: 1750: 1743: 1737: 1734: 1730:Outer Mongolia 1692:most populous 1686:Mainland China 1560:Inner Mongolia 1544:, you may see 1532: 1525: 1524: 1523: 1520: 1519: 1516: 1515: 1508: 1502: 1501: 1497: 1496: 1493:Өвүр Моол оран 1491:Övür Mool oran 1487: 1481: 1480: 1476: 1475: 1470:ٴىشكى موڭعوليا 1466: 1460: 1459: 1455: 1454: 1451:Ichki Mongolia 1449:ئچكئ مونعولئيا 1445: 1439: 1438: 1434: 1433: 1424: 1418: 1417: 1413: 1412: 1409: 1403: 1402: 1399: 1398: 1395: 1391: 1388: 1382: 1381: 1377: 1376: 1368: 1362: 1361: 1357: 1356: 1353: 1352: 1345: 1339: 1338: 1337:Transcriptions 1330: 1329: 1324: 1323: 1320: 1316: 1311: 1305: 1304: 1297: 1291: 1290: 1289:Mongolian name 1286: 1285: 1282: 1281: 1274: 1265: 1264: 1258: 1257: 1247: 1241: 1240: 1233: 1227: 1226: 1219: 1213: 1212: 1210:Yue: Cantonese 1206: 1205: 1198: 1192: 1191: 1185: 1184: 1177: 1171: 1170: 1159: 1153: 1152: 1150:other Mandarin 1146: 1145: 1134: 1128: 1127: 1120: 1114: 1113: 1106: 1100: 1099: 1092: 1086: 1085: 1081: 1080: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1063: 1062: 1055: 1049: 1048: 1042: 1041: 1040:Transcriptions 1033: 1032: 1029: 1028: 1025: 1019: 1018: 1015: 1014: 1002: 996: 995: 983: 977: 976: 972: 971: 968: 967: 960: 951: 950: 944: 943: 933: 927: 926: 923:Noi6 mung4 gu2 919: 913: 912: 905: 899: 898: 896:Yue: Cantonese 892: 891: 884: 878: 877: 871: 870: 863: 857: 856: 845: 839: 838: 836:other Mandarin 832: 831: 821: 815: 814: 807: 801: 800: 793: 787: 786: 779: 773: 772: 765: 759: 758: 751: 745: 744: 738: 737: 736:Transcriptions 729: 728: 727:Inner Mongolia 725: 721: 720: 717: 716: 713: 707: 706: 703: 702: 693: 687: 686: 677: 671: 670: 666: 665: 659: 651: 650: 644: 636: 635: 632: 631: 630:Inner Mongolia 623: 622: 619:Mongol version 595: 591: 590: 580: 573: 572: 567: 561: 560: 553:CN¥ 102,677 ( 551: 547: 546: 531: 527: 526: 517: 516: 487: 483: 482: 469: 465: 464: 460: 459: 454: 450: 449: 446: 442: 441: 436: 432: 431: 428: 424: 423: 419: 418: 415: 411: 410: 405: 401: 400: 397: 393: 392: 388: 387: 384: 383:Representation 376: 375: 370: 362: 361: 356: 352: 351: 348: 344: 343: 338: 331: 330: 327: 323: 322: 317: 313: 312: 308: 307: 301:12 prefectures 297: 276: 275: 270: 266: 265: 260: 256: 255: 252: 248: 247: 213: 212: 209: 201: 200: 194: 193: 188: 179: 173: 166: 164: 163: 162: 151: 144: 143: 142: 133: 126: 125: 124: 123: 122: 121: 118: 117: 102: 95: 94: 82: 75: 74: 59: 52: 51: 47: 46: 42: 41: 36: 33: 32: 30:Inner Mongolia 29: 22: 21: 20: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12142: 12131: 12128: 12126: 12123: 12121: 12118: 12116: 12113: 12111: 12108: 12106: 12103: 12101: 12098: 12097: 12095: 12079: 12076: 12074: 12071: 12069: 12066: 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11626: 11624: 11623:Duolun County 11621: 11618: 11615: 11612: 11609: 11608: 11606: 11604: 11600: 11594: 11593:Jalaid Banner 11591: 11589: 11586: 11584: 11581: 11579: 11578:Tuquan County 11576: 11573: 11570: 11567: 11564: 11563: 11561: 11559: 11555: 11552: 11550: 11546: 11536: 11535:Dorbod Banner 11533: 11531: 11528: 11526: 11523: 11521: 11518: 11516: 11513: 11511: 11510:Xinghe County 11508: 11506: 11503: 11501: 11498: 11496: 11495:Zhuozi County 11493: 11490: 11487: 11485: 11482: 11481: 11479: 11477: 11473: 11467: 11464: 11462: 11459: 11457: 11454: 11452: 11449: 11447: 11444: 11442: 11441:Wuyuan County 11439: 11437: 11434: 11433: 11431: 11429: 11425: 11419: 11416: 11414: 11411: 11409: 11408:Oroqin Banner 11406: 11404: 11401: 11399: 11396: 11394: 11391: 11389: 11386: 11383: 11380: 11377: 11374: 11371: 11368: 11365: 11362: 11359: 11356: 11354: 11351: 11349: 11346: 11345: 11343: 11341: 11337: 11331: 11328: 11326: 11323: 11321: 11318: 11316: 11313: 11311: 11308: 11306: 11305:Jungar Banner 11303: 11301: 11298: 11296: 11293: 11291: 11288: 11287: 11285: 11283: 11279: 11273: 11270: 11268: 11265: 11263: 11260: 11258: 11257:Naiman Banner 11255: 11253: 11250: 11248: 11245: 11242: 11239: 11237: 11234: 11233: 11231: 11229: 11225: 11219: 11216: 11214: 11213:Harqin Banner 11211: 11209: 11206: 11204: 11201: 11199: 11196: 11194: 11191: 11189: 11186: 11184: 11181: 11179: 11176: 11174: 11171: 11169: 11166: 11164: 11161: 11160: 11158: 11156: 11152: 11146: 11145:Wuda District 11143: 11141: 11138: 11136: 11133: 11132: 11130: 11128: 11124: 11118: 11115: 11113: 11110: 11108: 11107:Guyang County 11105: 11103: 11100: 11098: 11095: 11093: 11090: 11088: 11085: 11083: 11080: 11078: 11075: 11074: 11072: 11070: 11066: 11060: 11057: 11055: 11052: 11050: 11047: 11045: 11042: 11040: 11039:Togtoh County 11037: 11035: 11032: 11030: 11027: 11025: 11022: 11020: 11017: 11016: 11014: 11012: 11008: 11005: 11003: 10997: 10992: 10988: 10983: 10979: 10976: 10972: 10965: 10960: 10958: 10953: 10951: 10946: 10945: 10942: 10930: 10929: 10920: 10918: 10917: 10908: 10907: 10904: 10898: 10895: 10893: 10890: 10888: 10885: 10883: 10880: 10878: 10875: 10874: 10872: 10868: 10862: 10859: 10858: 10856: 10852: 10846: 10843: 10841: 10838: 10836: 10833: 10830: 10826: 10823: 10821: 10818: 10817: 10815: 10813: 10809: 10803: 10800: 10798: 10795: 10793: 10790: 10789: 10787: 10785: 10781: 10775: 10772: 10770: 10767: 10765: 10762: 10760: 10757: 10756: 10754: 10752: 10748: 10742: 10739: 10737: 10734: 10732: 10729: 10727: 10724: 10722: 10719: 10718: 10716: 10714: 10710: 10705: 10701: 10696: 10691: 10684: 10679: 10677: 10672: 10670: 10665: 10664: 10661: 10650: 10646: 10642: 10638: 10634: 10629: 10623: 10622: 10618: 10617: 10615: 10613: 10609: 10603: 10600: 10598: 10595: 10594: 10592: 10590: 10586: 10580: 10577: 10575: 10572: 10570: 10567: 10565: 10562: 10561: 10559: 10557: 10553: 10547: 10544: 10542: 10539: 10537: 10534: 10532: 10529: 10527: 10524: 10523: 10521: 10519: 10515: 10510: 10500: 10497: 10495: 10492: 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JISMOR, 8. 10109: 10106:Min Junqing. 10103: 10097: 10093: 10090: 10084: 10073: 10068: 10064: 10060: 10056: 10049: 10042: 10038: 10034: 10030: 10028: 10022: 10018: 10017:90-04-18246-2 10014: 10010: 10004: 9997: 9991: 9982: 9975: 9971: 9965: 9958: 9952: 9945:. p. 61. 9944: 9937: 9930: 9922: 9915: 9908:. p. 99. 9907: 9900: 9892: 9885: 9878:. p. 84. 9877: 9870: 9862: 9855: 9847: 9840: 9838: 9829: 9822: 9806: 9802: 9798: 9790: 9774: 9770: 9762: 9754: 9748: 9744: 9721: 9704: 9700: 9692: 9684: 9675: 9669: 9667: 9665: 9656: 9650: 9646: 9636: 9617: 9613: 9606: 9599: 9591: 9585: 9578: 9573: 9565: 9561: 9555: 9547: 9543: 9539: 9533: 9525: 9521: 9517: 9509: 9501: 9497: 9493: 9485: 9477: 9473: 9469: 9461: 9453: 9449: 9445: 9437: 9429: 9425: 9421: 9413: 9406: 9401: 9394: 9390: 9387: 9382: 9367: 9363: 9356: 9340: 9334: 9332: 9330: 9313: 9309: 9308:people.com.cn 9305: 9299: 9291: 9287: 9283: 9277: 9275: 9258: 9254: 9248: 9232: 9228: 9224: 9223: 9218: 9212: 9204: 9198: 9194: 9183: 9175: 9169: 9165: 9154: 9146: 9145:"中国统计年鉴—2018" 9140: 9132: 9126: 9122: 9114: 9108: 9100: 9094: 9090: 9079: 9063: 9059: 9055: 9046: 9030: 9026: 9022: 9014: 8999: 8995: 8989: 8982: 8978: 8974: 8971: 8965: 8949: 8948: 8943: 8936: 8921: 8920: 8915: 8908: 8893: 8892: 8887: 8880: 8872: 8868: 8864: 8858: 8842: 8838: 8834: 8828: 8812: 8808: 8804: 8797: 8781: 8777: 8776: 8771: 8765: 8749: 8745: 8744: 8739: 8732: 8724: 8718: 8714: 8710: 8703: 8701: 8692: 8686: 8682: 8675: 8668: 8662: 8646: 8642: 8636: 8632: 8628: 8621: 8613: 8607: 8603: 8599: 8592: 8584: 8578: 8574: 8570: 8566: 8560: 8558: 8548: 8539: 8530: 8521: 8513: 8509: 8505: 8501: 8497: 8493: 8486: 8478: 8476:0-8047-5426-8 8472: 8468: 8467: 8459: 8448: 8447: 8439: 8431: 8425: 8417: 8411: 8407: 8406: 8398: 8391: 8387: 8384: 8379: 8371: 8367: 8363: 8359: 8355: 8351: 8347: 8343: 8336: 8327: 8318: 8309: 8302: 8297: 8289: 8285: 8281: 8274: 8266: 8265:The Economist 8262: 8256: 8240: 8236: 8235:tj.nmg.gov.cn 8232: 8226: 8224: 8222: 8205: 8201: 8197: 8191: 8175: 8169: 8153: 8138: 8123: 8119: 8113: 8105: 8101: 8095: 8080:. 11 May 2021 8079: 8075: 8069: 8062: 8058: 8054: 8051: 8045: 8043: 8041: 8024: 8020: 8014: 8010: 7996: 7989: 7983: 7979: 7975: 7971: 7967: 7963: 7959: 7955: 7949: 7939: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7904: 7896: 7893: 7892: 7888: 7878: 7863: 7860: 7858: 7852: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7835: 7831: 7830: 7826: 7822: 7812: 7809: 7807: 7804: 7802: 7799: 7797: 7794: 7793: 7789: 7778: 7764: 7759: 7756: 7752: 7746: 7741: 7734: 7729: 7725: 7718: 7713: 7709: 7703: 7698: 7691: 7686: 7682: 7678: 7677:Dazhao temple 7672: 7667: 7660: 7655: 7652: 7649:in 1575 near 7648: 7644: 7631: 7626: 7623: 7619: 7615: 7608: 7603: 7596: 7591: 7588: 7584: 7577: 7572: 7569: 7565: 7564:Khitan people 7559: 7554: 7550: 7544: 7539: 7532: 7527: 7520: 7515: 7514: 7511:Image gallery 7508: 7505: 7504: 7497: 7492: 7490: 7489: 7484: 7473: 7458: 7456: 7451: 7449: 7445: 7441: 7437: 7428: 7421: 7417: 7414: 7404: 7401: 7397: 7394: 7391: 7387: 7384: 7381: 7378: 7375: 7371: 7368: 7364: 7361: 7358: 7354: 7351: 7347: 7344: 7341: 7337: 7333: 7329: 7325: 7322: 7318: 7317: 7316: 7310: 7306: 7302: 7298: 7295: 7292: 7288: 7285: 7282: 7278: 7274: 7270: 7261: 7258: 7254: 7250: 7247: 7244: 7241: 7237: 7233: 7229: 7225: 7221: 7217: 7214: 7213: 7212: 7210: 7200: 7198: 7194: 7190: 7186: 7182: 7180: 7176: 7172: 7171: 7166: 7165:cultural hero 7162: 7158: 7154: 7149: 7147: 7143: 7137: 7135: 7134: 7129: 7128: 7123: 7122: 7117: 7109: 7105: 7101: 7097: 7093: 7088: 7072: 7070: 7066: 7057: 7055: 7051: 7042: 7040: 7036: 7027: 7025: 7021: 7012: 7009: 7005: 7000:folk religion 6999: 6995: 6991: 6987: 6982: 6979: 6974: 6968: 6958: 6956: 6952: 6948: 6943: 6941: 6937: 6933: 6929: 6925: 6915: 6911: 6907: 6902: 6900: 6896: 6892: 6888: 6884: 6880: 6876: 6872: 6867: 6865: 6861: 6858: 6854: 6850: 6846: 6842: 6838: 6834: 6830: 6826: 6822: 6818: 6814: 6810: 6806: 6802: 6798: 6794: 6790: 6786: 6780: 6776: 6772: 6767: 6759: 6753: 6749: 6745: 6740: 6735: 6731: 6727: 6723: 6713: 6712: 6710: 6699: 6696: 6693: 6689: 6686: 6685: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6672: 6671:Jalaid Banner 6669: 6668: 6664: 6661: 6658: 6654: 6651: 6650: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6637: 6634: 6633: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6620: 6617: 6616: 6612: 6609: 6607: 6603: 6600: 6599: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6586: 6583: 6582: 6578: 6575: 6572: 6568: 6565: 6564: 6560: 6557: 6555: 6551: 6548: 6547: 6543: 6540: 6537: 6533: 6530: 6529: 6525: 6522: 6520: 6516: 6513: 6512: 6508: 6505: 6502: 6498: 6495: 6494: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6481: 6478: 6477: 6473: 6470: 6467: 6463: 6460: 6459: 6455: 6452: 6449: 6445: 6442: 6441: 6437: 6434: 6431: 6430: 6420: 6418: 6415: 6412: 6409: 6406: 6403: 6400: 6395: 6392: 6389: 6386: 6383: 6380: 6377: 6374: 6369: 6366: 6363: 6360: 6357: 6354: 6351: 6348: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6336: 6333: 6330: 6327: 6324: 6319: 6316: 6313: 6310: 6307: 6304: 6301: 6298: 6293: 6290: 6287: 6284: 6281: 6278: 6275: 6272: 6267: 6264: 6261: 6258: 6255: 6252: 6249: 6246: 6242: 6237: 6232: 6226: 6223: 6222: 6212: 6209: 6207: 6206:Oroqen people 6204: 6203: 6199: 6196: 6194: 6191: 6190: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6177: 6173: 6170: 6168: 6165: 6164: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6151: 6147: 6144: 6142: 6139: 6138: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6126: 6125: 6119: 6117: 6111: 6107: 6105: 6101: 6097: 6093: 6089: 6085: 6081: 6076: 6074: 6070: 6066: 6062: 6053: 6049: 6040: 6036: 6032: 6031:Rehe Province 6028: 6024: 6019: 6015: 6012: 6009: 6008: 6004: 6001: 5998: 5997: 5993: 5990: 5987: 5986: 5982: 5979: 5976: 5975: 5971: 5968: 5965: 5964: 5960: 5957: 5954: 5953: 5949: 5946: 5943: 5942: 5936: 5931: 5928: 5927: 5919: 5915: 5911: 5906: 5902: 5898: 5888: 5886: 5882: 5878: 5874: 5869: 5867: 5863: 5862:Sun Shaocheng 5859: 5854: 5850: 5844: 5838: 5826: 5823: 5822: 5821: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5778: 5775: 5772: 5771: 5770: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5743: 5740: 5737: 5736: 5735: 5728: 5725: 5722: 5719: 5715: 5712: 5711: 5705: 5703: 5698: 5696: 5692: 5686: 5678: 5676: 5672: 5668: 5664: 5660: 5651: 5647: 5644: 5640: 5636: 5632: 5628: 5624: 5620: 5616: 5612: 5606: 5601: 5597: 5595: 5591: 5587: 5583: 5579: 5575: 5571: 5567: 5563: 5559: 5555: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5520: 5519: 5515: 5513: 5510: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5496: 5495: 5491: 5489: 5486: 5483: 5480: 5478: 5475: 5472: 5471: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5459: 5456: 5454: 5451: 5448: 5447: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5424: 5423: 5419: 5417: 5414: 5411: 5408: 5406: 5403: 5400: 5399: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5376: 5375: 5371: 5369: 5366: 5363: 5360: 5358: 5355: 5352: 5351: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5331: 5328: 5327: 5324: 5319: 5314: 5309: 5302: 5300: 5297: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5266: 5261: 5258: 5255: 5253: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5239: 5233: 5216: 5204: 5197: 5191: 5189: 5181: 5177: 5171: 5167: 5159: 5158: 5152: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5138: 5137: 5133: 5132:see Hulunbuir 5129: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5115: 5114: 5110: 5106: 5101: 5099: 5096: 5093: 5092: 5088: 5087:see Hulunbuir 5084: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5070: 5069: 5065: 5064: 5058: 5055: 5052: 5050: 5047: 5044: 5043: 5039: 5035: 5032: 5029: 5027: 5024: 5021: 5020: 5016: 5012: 5009: 5006: 5004: 5001: 4998: 4997: 4993: 4992:see Hulunbuir 4989: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4975: 4974: 4970: 4969:see Hulunbuir 4966: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4952: 4951: 4947: 4946:see Hulunbuir 4943: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4929: 4928: 4924: 4923: 4917: 4914: 4911: 4909: 4906: 4903: 4902: 4898: 4897: 4891: 4888: 4885: 4883: 4880: 4877: 4876: 4872: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4858: 4857: 4853: 4850: 4847: 4845: 4842: 4839: 4838: 4834: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4823: 4820: 4819: 4815: 4812: 4809: 4807: 4804: 4801: 4800: 4796: 4793: 4790: 4788: 4785: 4782: 4781: 4777: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4763: 4762: 4758: 4755: 4752: 4750: 4747: 4744: 4743: 4739: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4725: 4724: 4720: 4717: 4714: 4712: 4711: 4707: 4704: 4703: 4699: 4696: 4693: 4690: 4687: 4686: 4681: 4673: 4671: 4667: 4663: 4659: 4655: 4651: 4647: 4643: 4639: 4635: 4631: 4627: 4623: 4613: 4609: 4602: 4599: 4595: 4592: 4587: 4581: 4579: 4576: 4575: 4571: 4567: 4560: 4557: 4553: 4550: 4545: 4539: 4537: 4534: 4533: 4529: 4525: 4518: 4515: 4514:Qiŋɣan ayimaɣ 4511: 4509:Hinggan Aimag 4508: 4503: 4497: 4495: 4492: 4491: 4487: 4483: 4476: 4473: 4469: 4466: 4461: 4456: 4450: 4447: 4444: 4443: 4439: 4435: 4428: 4425: 4421: 4418: 4413: 4408: 4402: 4399: 4396: 4395: 4391: 4387: 4380: 4377: 4373: 4370: 4365: 4360: 4354: 4351: 4348: 4347: 4343: 4342:È'ěrduōsī Shì 4339: 4332: 4329: 4325: 4322: 4317: 4312: 4306: 4303: 4300: 4299: 4295: 4291: 4284: 4281: 4280:Tüŋliyou qota 4277: 4274: 4269: 4264: 4258: 4255: 4252: 4251: 4247: 4243: 4236: 4233: 4229: 4226: 4221: 4216: 4210: 4207: 4204: 4203: 4199: 4195: 4188: 4185: 4181: 4178: 4173: 4168: 4162: 4159: 4156: 4155: 4151: 4147: 4140: 4137: 4133: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4114: 4111: 4108: 4107: 4103: 4102:Hūhéhàotè Shì 4099: 4092: 4089: 4085: 4082: 4077: 4071: 4068: 4065: 4064: 4061: 4058: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4038: 4034: 4032: 4029: 4028: 4024: 4021: 4018: 4015: 4012: 4009: 4008: 4003: 3991: 3987: 3984: 3981: 3978: 3976: 3973: 3970: 3969: 3965: 3960: 3955: 3952: 3949: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3938: 3937: 3933: 3928: 3923: 3920: 3917: 3914: 3912: 3909: 3906: 3905: 3901: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3888: 3885: 3882: 3879: 3876: 3873: 3872: 3864: 3861: 3859: 3856: 3853: 3850: 3847: 3844: 3841: 3840: 3836: 3833: 3830: 3827: 3825: 3822: 3819: 3816: 3813: 3810: 3807: 3806: 3798: 3795: 3793: 3790: 3787: 3784: 3781: 3778: 3775: 3774: 3770: 3765: 3762: 3760: 3757: 3754: 3751: 3748: 3745: 3742: 3741: 3733: 3730: 3728: 3725: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3713: 3710: 3709: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3691: 3688: 3685: 3682: 3679: 3678: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3659: 3656: 3653: 3650: 3647: 3646: 3638: 3635: 3633: 3630: 3627: 3624: 3621: 3618: 3615: 3614: 3610: 3607: 3604: 3601: 3598: 3595: 3592: 3589: 3586: 3583: 3582: 3579: 3574: 3569: 3566: 3561: 3557: 3539: 3538:Division code 3535: 3527: 3525: 3521: 3507: 3499: 3498: 3488: 3487: 3477: 3476: 3466: 3465: 3457: 3456: 3448: 3447: 3439: 3438: 3430: 3429: 3421: 3420: 3412: 3410: 3401: 3392: 3391: 3383: 3382: 3374: 3359: 3354: 3351: 3349: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3313: 3309: 3305: 3297: 3293: 3292: 3287: 3280: 3276: 3261: 3258: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3247: 3246: 3242: 3239: 3236: 3233: 3231: 3228: 3227: 3223: 3220: 3217: 3214: 3212: 3209: 3208: 3204: 3201: 3198: 3195: 3193: 3190: 3189: 3185: 3182: 3179: 3176: 3174: 3171: 3170: 3167:January (°F) 3166: 3164:January (°C) 3163: 3160: 3157: 3154: 3153: 3150: 3145: 3143: 3133: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3093: 3088: 3084: 3082: 3077: 3069: 3059: 3054: 3052: 3048: 3044: 3039: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3020:Mongolian oak 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2988: 2984: 2980: 2976: 2971: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2912: 2904: 2895: 2893: 2888: 2886: 2885:riots in 2011 2882: 2878: 2874: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2858: 2853: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2840:, Juu Uda to 2839: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2822: 2820: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2802: 2798: 2787: 2785: 2780: 2772: 2768: 2766: 2761: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2720:In 1937, the 2718: 2716: 2712: 2706: 2704: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2685: 2681: 2678: 2674: 2671: 2668: 2665: 2662: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2648: 2647: 2646: 2643: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2625: 2621: 2616: 2607: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2580: 2578: 2572: 2568: 2566: 2562: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2448: 2444: 2440: 2439:Alashan Öölüd 2436: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2373:Tuva Republic 2370: 2366: 2363:north of the 2362: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2337: 2333: 2328: 2320: 2316: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2283:tribes until 2282: 2278: 2275:and Southern 2274: 2268: 2258: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2247:Tumu incident 2243: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2204: 2200: 2197: 2193: 2192:Mongol Empire 2189: 2185: 2176: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2153: 2149: 2148:Northern Yuan 2145: 2141: 2140:Mongol Empire 2131: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2092: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2069: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2038: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2023:Qin Shi Huang 2020: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1992:state of Zhao 1989: 1985: 1982:. During the 1981: 1977: 1973: 1969: 1965: 1960: 1958: 1957:Proto-Mongols 1954: 1950: 1946: 1941: 1937: 1930:Early history 1927: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1913: 1909: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1879: 1869: 1866: 1861: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1805: 1794: 1791: 1783: 1780:December 2019 1773: 1769: 1765: 1759: 1758: 1753:This section 1751: 1742: 1741: 1733: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1650: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1621:provinces of 1620: 1615: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1537: 1517: 1509: 1507: 1503: 1498: 1488: 1486: 1482: 1477: 1472:Işkı Moñğolia 1467: 1465: 1461: 1456: 1446: 1444: 1440: 1435: 1425: 1423: 1419: 1414: 1410: 1408: 1404: 1396: 1393: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1386:Manchu script 1383: 1378: 1369: 1367: 1363: 1358: 1346: 1344: 1340: 1335: 1331: 1321: 1318: 1317: 1312: 1310: 1306: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1287: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1266: 1263: 1259: 1253: 1248: 1246: 1242: 1234: 1232: 1228: 1220: 1218: 1214: 1211: 1207: 1199: 1197: 1193: 1190: 1186: 1178: 1176: 1172: 1160: 1158: 1154: 1151: 1147: 1141: 1135: 1133: 1129: 1121: 1119: 1115: 1107: 1105: 1101: 1093: 1091: 1087: 1078: 1075: 1074: 1070: 1068: 1064: 1056: 1054: 1050: 1047: 1043: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1011: 1008: 1003: 1001: 997: 992: 989: 984: 982: 978: 973: 961: 959: 956: 952: 949: 945: 939: 934: 932: 928: 920: 918: 914: 909:Noih Mùhng gú 906: 904: 900: 897: 893: 885: 883: 879: 876: 872: 864: 862: 858: 846: 844: 840: 837: 833: 827: 822: 820: 816: 808: 806: 802: 794: 792: 788: 780: 778: 774: 766: 764: 760: 752: 750: 746: 743: 739: 734: 730: 726: 722: 718: 714: 712: 708: 704: 699: 694: 692: 688: 683: 678: 676: 672: 667: 663: 657: 652: 648: 642: 637: 633: 628: 620: 611: 606: 596: 592: 585: 581: 578: 574: 571: 568: 566: 565:ISO 3166 code 562: 556: 552: 548: 544: 539: 535: 532: 528: 522: 518: 515: 511: 507: 503: 499: 495: 491: 488: 484: 481:Others – 3.6% 478: 473: 470: 466: 461: 458: 455: 451: 447: 443: 440: 437: 433: 429: 425: 420: 416: 412: 409: 406: 402: 398: 394: 389: 385: 382: 379: • 377: 374: 371: 368: 363: 360: 357: 353: 350:Sun Shaocheng 349: 345: 342: 341:Sun Shaocheng 339: 337: 336:CCP Secretary 334: • 332: 328: 324: 321: 318: 314: 309: 302: 298: 296: 289: 284: 277: 274: 271: 267: 264: 261: 257: 253: 249: 244: 216:Coordinates: 214: 207: 202: 192: 189: 187: 183: 182:Dazhao Temple 180: 177: 174: 172: 168: 167: 155: 148: 137: 130: 119: 114: 103: 98: • 96: 91: 83: 78: • 76: 71: 60: 55: • 53: 48: 43: 39: 34: 27: 19: 11957:Heilongjiang 11900:(Mongol and 11879:Harqin Zuoyi 11765: 11500:Huade County 11413:Evenk Banner 11300:Dalad Banner 11262:Jarud Banner 11247:Kailu County 11218:Aohan Banner 11183:Linxi County 10974: 10926: 10914: 10882:Zhaojun Tomb 10689: 10619: 10530: 10429:Heilongjiang 10315:(in Chinese) 10299: 10263: 10237: 10230: 10211:18 September 10209:. 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Retrieved 8023:the original 8013: 7995:Yuan dynasty 7988: 7978:Bayankhongor 7948: 7906: 7887: 7854: 7837: 7834:Öbhör Mongol 7833: 7825: 7788:China portal 7640: 7583:Liao dynasty 7568:Aohan Banner 7501: 7499: 7486: 7480: 7452: 7433: 7400:Kailu County 7390:Ejin Khoshuu 7377:Liao dynasty 7336:Genghis Khan 7314: 7301:Wang Zhaojun 7297:Zhaojun Tomb 7281:Qing dynasty 7253:Qing dynasty 7206: 7183: 7179:Yuan dynasty 7168: 7157:Genghis Khan 7150: 7142:Christianity 7138: 7131: 7125: 7119: 7113: 7104:Mu Us Desert 7096:Genghis Khan 7054:Christianity 7002:(worship of 6994:Han Buddhism 6947:Shanxi opera 6944: 6928:Little Sheep 6913: 6903: 6883:Yellow River 6868: 6803:, Xilingol, 6791: 6787: 6783: 6706: 6705: 6619:Jarud Banner 6112: 6108: 6077: 6061:Qing dynasty 6057: 6052:County-level 5891:Demographics 5870: 5846: 5819: 5768: 5732: 5699: 5687: 5679: 5656: 5609: 5551: 5231: 5203: 5170: 5154: 5131: 5108: 5086: 5060: 5037: 5015:see Tongliao 5014: 4991: 4968: 4945: 4919: 4893: 4708: 4670:subdistricts 4619: 4612:Ālāshàn Méng 4598:Alaša ayimaɣ 4528:Xīng'ān Méng 4419:Bayannur Hot 4294:Tōngliáo Shì 4275:Tungliyo Hot 4059: 4047: 4042: 4030: 3590:1,183,000.00 3573:Aut. banners 3524:Heilongjiang 3512: 3505: 3493: 3482: 3471: 3462: 3453: 3444: 3435: 3426: 3417: 3406: 3397: 3388: 3379: 3370: 3336:primate city 3307: 3304:Qing dynasty 3289: 3283: 3148: 3139: 3125: 3117: 3109: 3096: 3073: 3040: 2972: 2932:Heilongjiang 2917: 2889: 2869:Wolf Economy 2854: 2830:Heilongjiang 2823: 2797:World War II 2793: 2781: 2777: 2762: 2719: 2715:World War II 2707: 2700: 2677:Heilongjiang 2644: 2612: 2573: 2569: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2535: 2517: 2508:Heilongjiang 2485:Guihua Tümed 2407: 2356: 2313:administered 2305:Qing dynasty 2270: 2234:Ming dynasty 2214:Yuan dynasty 2186:unified the 2184:Genghis Khan 2181: 2165:Genghis Khan 2104:Liao dynasty 2100:Tang dynasty 2093: 2070: 2039: 2017:near modern 1974:, Linhu and 1964:Zhou dynasty 1961: 1943: 1881: 1862: 1821: 1817: 1810: 1806: 1801: 1786: 1777: 1754: 1651: 1616: 1563: 1559: 1558: 1533: 1411:Dorgi monggo 1407:Romanization 1349:Öbhör Mongol 1262:Southern Min 1196:Romanization 1053:Hanyu Pinyin 1023:Hanyu Pinyin 948:Southern Min 882:Romanization 851:نُوِ مْ‌ٍ‌قُ 783:Ney Meengguu 749:Hanyu Pinyin 711:Hanyu Pinyin 669:Chinese name 614:(in Chinese) 463:Demographics 373:Zhang Yankun 304:103 counties 288:County-level 269:Largest city 100:Abbreviation 18: 11990:and Mongol) 11963:Qian Gorlos 11852:Prefectures 11696:Ejin Banner 11628:Abag Banner 11388:Arun Banner 11325:Uxin Banner 11315:Otog Banner 11252:Hure Banner 10877:Shiretu Juu 10764:Gobi Desert 10065:(1): 9–16. 9737:) (2003). 9237:30 November 9191:. Beijing: 9162:. Beijing: 8954:1 September 8925:1 September 8897:1 September 7645:) built by 7642:měidài zhào 7622:Alxa League 7618:Ejin Banner 7614:Khara-Khoto 7444:Ejin Banner 7440:Alxa League 7367:Gobi Desert 7363:Xiangshawan 7305:Han dynasty 7193:Han Chinese 7175:Han Chinese 7092:White Sulde 6942:producers. 6871:Han Chinese 6602:Hure Banner 6438:Percentage 6407:18,935,537 6404:24,049,155 6381:19,650,687 6378:24,706,321 6355:18,465,586 6352:23,323,347 6331:17,290,000 6328:21,456,500 6305:16,277,616 6302:19,274,281 6279:10,743,456 6276:12,348,638 6231:Han Chinese 6227:Population 6135:Percentage 6037:; parts of 6029:, parts of 5695:Bailingmiao 5603:Theater in 5109:see Kunming 5038:see Ulanqab 4676:Urban areas 4660:, eighteen 4578:Alxa League 4467:Ulanqab Hot 4246:Chìfēng Shì 4227:Ulanhad Hot 4136:Buɣutu qota 3975:Alxa League 3545:Area in km 2979:Precambrian 2920:North China 2824:During the 2763:The Mongol 2561:Han Chinese 2524:Ligdan Khan 2466:Zhangjiakou 2458:Zhangjiakou 2452:The Chahar 2447:Alxa League 2349:Bayan-Ölgii 2293:Ligden Khan 2261:Qing period 2251:Esen taishi 2210:Kublai Khan 2206:Jin dynasty 2199:Western Xia 2128:Jin dynasty 2112:Western Xia 2096:Sui dynasty 2071:During the 2040:During the 1988:King Wuling 1962:During the 1865:Sinocentric 1698:Han Chinese 1682:2010 census 1678:North China 1458:Kazakh name 1437:Kyrgyz name 1430:Über Mongol 1428:Үбэр Монгол 1416:Buryat name 1380:Manchu name 1360:Uyghur name 1301:Өвөр Монгол 1157:Xiao'erjing 964:Lāi-bông-kó 843:Xiao'erjing 797:Nei Meng-ku 559:US$ 14,571 545:349 billion 386:58 deputies 238: / 169:Steppes in 12125:Inner Asia 12094:Categories 11927:Bayingolin 10155:John Man. 10134:John Man. 9318:5 February 8492:Inner Asia 8383:Bulag 2012 8280:Inner Asia 8104:Ethnologue 8005:References 7982:Govi-Altai 7966:Sükhbaatar 7934:pronounced 7873:pronounced 7856:Nèi Měnggǔ 7838:Nei Mongol 7753:(1954) in 7681:Altan Khan 7647:Altan Khan 7470:See also: 7413:Great Khan 7340:Ordos City 7321:Saihantala 7230:made from 7133:ovoo/aobao 7008:ovoo/aobao 6720:See also: 6413:4,247,815 6387:4,226,093 6361:3,995,349 6337:3,379,700 6311:2,489,378 6285:1,384,535 6253:5,119,928 6250:6,100,104 6145:19,650,687 6132:Population 6094:, and the 6013:24,049,155 6002:24,706,321 5991:23,323,347 5980:21,456,798 5969:19,274,279 5958:12,348,638 5885:Bu Xiaolin 5866:federalism 5847:Under the 5841:See also: 5718:Rare-Earth 5691:wind parks 5682:US$ 14,343 5590:winemaking 4873:2,242,875 4854:1,706,328 4835:1,538,715 4816:2,873,168 4778:2,153,638 4759:4,035,967 4740:2,709,378 4721:3,446,100 4668:, and 190 4666:ethnic sum 4593:Alxa Aimag 4328:Ordos qota 4150:Bāotóu Shì 3979:267,574.00 3947:202,580.00 3817:254,003.79 3593:24,049,155 3554:Divisions 3259:−6.1/–18.5 3240:−4.8/–14.7 3202:−3.3/–15.1 3183:−4.1/–16.8 3161:July (°F) 3158:July (°C) 3081:sandstorms 3051:rare-earth 2887:and 2013. 2877:Ordos City 2859:including 2750:Ma Hongbin 2577:Li Shouxin 2230:Khunggirad 2163:depicting 2046:Emperor Wu 1934:See also: 1876:See also: 1764:improve it 1479:Tuvan name 1104:Wade–Giles 811:Nèi Měnggǔ 791:Wade–Giles 755:Nèi Měnggǔ 715:Nèi Měnggǔ 430:24,049,155 422:Population 359:Wang Lixia 311:Government 235:44°N 113°E 171:Hulun Buir 11804:Hulunbuir 11358:Manzhouli 11340:Hulunbuir 10784:Education 10751:Geography 10597:Hong Kong 10569:Chongqing 10409:Guangdong 10386:Provinces 9936:Mongolian 9891:Mongolian 9846:Mongolian 9672:(without 9625:16 August 9371:25 August 8370:143541438 8245:5 October 8134:see also 8122:China NBS 7970:Dornogovi 7921:ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ 7914:Mongolian 7862:Mongolian 7461:Education 6998:Mongolian 6940:ice cream 6849:Hulunbuir 6823:, Barghu 6821:Khamnigan 6752:Mongolian 6657:Hulunbuir 6501:Hulunbuir 6466:Hulunbuir 6158:4,226,093 6128:Ethnicity 5947:6,100,104 5760:Transport 5753:Manzhouli 5716:National 5639:crude oil 5631:beryllium 5627:zirconium 5477:Hulunbuir 5344:Manzhouli 5337:1,936,200 5292:2,364,800 5180:Dongsheng 5176:Kangbashi 4980:Manzhouli 4863:Hulunbuir 4753:1,093,068 4737:1,900,373 4734:1,949,876 4718:1,497,110 4715:2,237,249 4654:townships 4626:districts 4350:Hulunbuir 4323:Ordos Hot 4198:Wūhǎi Shì 4184:Üqai qota 4013:Mongolian 3950:1,107,075 3918:1,416,929 3915:59,806.00 3886:1,706,328 3883:54,447.72 3854:1,538,715 3851:65,755.47 3820:2,242,875 3812:Hulunbuir 3788:2,153,638 3785:86,881.61 3755:2,873,168 3752:59,535.00 3723:4,035,967 3720:90,021.00 3660:2,709,378 3657:27,768.00 3628:3,446,100 3625:17,186.10 3578:CL cities 3560:Districts 3542:Division 3446:Hulunbuir 3332:Dongsheng 3256:77.7/56.5 3253:25.4/13.6 3243:23.4/5.5 3237:80.1/60.4 3234:26.7/15.8 3218:83.3/61.5 3215:28.5/16.4 3205:26.1/4.8 3199:87.3/64.2 3196:30.7/17.9 3186:24.7/1.8 3180:85.3/62.8 3177:29.6/17.1 3130:Hulunbuir 3122:subarctic 3099:cold arid 2983:Main Peak 2898:Geography 2734:Mengjiang 2717:in 1945. 2711:Manchukuo 2615:Bogd Khan 2597:Mengjiang 2528:Ejei Khan 2512:Manchuria 2504:Hulunbuir 2408:chuulghan 2359:) of the 2238:Yingchang 2167:entering 2027:Meng Tian 1815:Mongolian 1768:verifying 1736:Etymology 1714:Mongolian 867:Луй Мынгў 494:Mongolian 293:Township- 279:Divisions 80:Mongolian 11983:Weichang 11937:Hoboksar 11919:Xinjiang 11866:Liaoning 11857:counties 11819:Xilingol 11809:Bayannur 11794:Tongliao 11611:Xilinhot 11603:Xilingol 11489:Fengzhen 11428:Bayannur 11364:Zalantun 11241:Holingol 11228:Tongliao 10916:Category 10726:Politics 10574:Shanghai 10546:Xinjiang 10499:Zhejiang 10479:Shandong 10464:Liaoning 10167:. p. 23. 10115:Archived 10092:Archived 10078:million. 10029:worship 9805:Archived 9616:Archived 9389:Archived 9312:Archived 9029:Archived 8973:Archived 8847:24 March 8841:Archived 8811:Archived 8807:BBC News 8786:24 March 8780:Archived 8754:24 March 8748:Archived 8645:Archived 8512:23615320 8392:, p. 41. 8386:Archived 8204:Archived 8053:Archived 8029:5 August 7974:Ömnögovi 7924:ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠨ 7774:See also 7332:cenotaph 7273:Buddhist 7220:Buddhist 6961:Religion 6879:Mandarin 6855:and the 6831:dialect 6815:such as 6809:Khorchin 6799:such as 6623:Tongliao 6606:Tongliao 6589:Xilingol 6571:Xilingol 6554:Xilingol 6536:Xilingol 6519:Tongliao 6484:Tongliao 6393:452,765 6367:499,911 6317:237,149 6259:888,235 6088:Tungusic 6082:and the 6069:Tongliao 5635:province 5615:cashmere 5578:Reindeer 5566:Forestry 5453:Bayannur 5444:130,700 5440:Holingol 5429:Tongliao 5420:131,900 5396:134,400 5392:Zalantun 5372:138,600 5368:Fengzhen 5348:212,200 5303:233,700 5299:Xilinhot 5230:Source: 5196:Jalainur 5155:part of 5098:Jalainur 5061:part of 5026:Fengzhen 5003:Holingol 4957:Zalantun 4920:part of 4894:part of 4882:Xilinhot 4825:Bayannur 4806:Tongliao 4797:556,621 4640:, and 3 4634:counties 4398:Bayannur 4254:Tongliao 4179:Uhai Hot 4131:Bugt Hot 4088:Kökeqota 3954:Xilinhot 3846:Bayannur 3747:Tongliao 3689:1,754.00 3565:Counties 3484:Xilingol 3455:Bayannur 3428:Tongliao 3344:Tongliao 3262:21/–1.3 3221:−5/–16.9 3192:Bayannur 3124:(Köppen 3116:(Köppen 3110:BWk, BSk 3105:regime ( 3047:iron ore 3000:Mesozoic 2940:Liaoning 2842:Liaoning 2810:Liaoning 2740:(now in 2738:Zhangbei 2684:Fengtian 2542:Shenyang 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10414:Guizhou 10252:Archive 9564:Reuters 9345:12 June 9035:7 April 9003:14 July 8817:21 June 8362:3985584 8180:9 April 8158:22 June 8143:12 June 8128:22 June 8100:"China" 7895:Chinese 7843:Chinese 7683:in 1579 7551:scenery 7350:Beijing 7309:Xiongnu 7279:of the 7236:dragons 7203:Tourism 7074: 7059: 7044: 7029: 7014: 6990:Chinese 6932:Mengniu 6924:hot pot 6906:Mongols 6845:Khalkha 6801:Chakhar 6793:Mongols 6779:Chifeng 6748:Chinese 6697:108,000 6692:Chifeng 6679:158,000 6675:Hinggan 6644:162,000 6640:Hinggan 6627:144,000 6523:395,000 6488:284,000 6453:221,258 6448:Hinggan 6291:50,960 6265:18,354 6184:121,483 6171:452,765 6161:17.11% 6148:79.54% 6104:Koreans 6080:Buryats 6073:Chifeng 5938:±% p.a. 5765:Railway 5724:Erenhot 5675:Mengniu 5623:niobium 5570:hunting 5548:Economy 5540:38,000 5529:272,500 5525:Ulanhot 5516:47,800 5505:309,600 5501:Ulanqab 5492:64,000 5481:350,400 5468:75,200 5464:Erenhot 5457:383,500 5433:460,000 5416:Yakeshi 5409:530,400 5385:563,300 5361:963,000 5357:Chifeng 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