51:
683:
840:
1160:«History of the christian church» / Volume III / FOURTH PERIOD: THE CHURCH AMONG THE BARBARIANS. From Gregory I. To Gregory VII. A. D. 590–1049 (1073). / CHAPTER X. WORSHIP AND CEREMONIES. / § 102. The Restoration of Image-Worship by the Seventh Oecumenical Council, 787.
1245:
The
Council of Trent. The Twenty-Fifth Session. On the invocation, veneration, and relics of saints and of sacred images./ The canons and decrees of the sacred and oecumenical Council of Trent, / Ed. and trans. J. Waterworth (London: Dolman, 1848),
1324:
The
Seventh General Council, the Second of Nicaea, Held A.D. 787, in which the Worship of Images was Established: With Copious Notes from the "Caroline Books", Compiled by Order of Charlemagne for Its Confutation
1004:(XIX Ecumenical Council of the Catholic Church) in 1563 confirmed iconodulism. But this council, unlike the Council of Nicaea, used a different expression in relation to icons: "honour and veneration" (
569:
1185:
The Seven ecumenical councils of the undivided church : their canons and dogmatic decrees, together with the canons of all the local synods which have received ecumenical acceptance
1012:). Its decree reads: "we kiss, and before which we uncover the head, and prostrate ourselves, we adore Christ; and we venerate the saints, whose similitude they bear" (
1018:«ita ut per imagines, quas osculamur, et coram quibus caput aperimus, et procumbimus, Christum adoremus, et Sanctos quorum illae similitudinem gerunt, veneremur»
977:, but they needed to be kissed and they needed respectful worship as symbolic representations of God, angels or saints. Such a position was approved by
883:) were also starting to emerge, arguing not only against adoration of icons, but also against any form of adoration and use of icons in religious life.
559:
713:
879:. In reaction to that, the idolatrous misuse of icons was criticized and by the beginning of the 8th century some radical forms of criticism (
1233:
669:
616:
922:, the presence of the Word of God in the material world. Icons reminded the church of the physicality of God as manifested in
591:
554:
706:
1308:
1275:
626:
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990:
361:
1346:
1128:
564:
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1341:
848:
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953:) in 787. The Council decided that icons should not be destroyed, as was advocated and practiced by the
919:
17:
596:
549:
539:
394:
234:
197:
946:
887:
664:
611:
981:, but due to mis-translations of conciliar acts from Greek into Latin, a controversy arose in the
50:
1322:
914:
of the imperial palace in
Constantinople. A wider prohibition of icons followed in 730. St.
674:
631:
406:
255:
544:
356:
239:
1182:
1159:
819:, iconodulism (or iconophilism) was manifested as a moderate position, between two extremes:
494:
300:
285:
209:
98:
63:
34:
875:
was reserved for God alone, such an attitude towards icons as objects was seen as a form of
1029:
954:
907:
903:
320:
93:
1139:
8:
687:
682:
646:
401:
373:
315:
260:
182:
815:) designating a positive attitude towards the religious use of icons. In the history of
1285:
994:
950:
844:
742:
426:
419:
310:
305:
290:
175:
103:
1304:
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651:
621:
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229:
88:
78:
1244:
918:
argued successfully that to prohibit the use of icons was tantamount to denying the
1001:
982:
915:
899:
891:
741:(kissing and honourable veneration, incense, and candlelight). The term comes from
636:
529:
280:
152:
83:
1270:
The Church in history. Vol. 2. Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir's
Seminary Press.
1289:
1265:
1261:
474:
383:
1013:
1005:
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966:
958:
938:
930:
852:
804:
789:
765:
750:
520:
479:
459:
330:
295:
147:
68:
989:. The last outburst of iconoclasm in the Byzantine Empire was overcome at the
1335:
1155:
1120:
978:
433:
340:
137:
132:
1318:
923:
816:
389:
162:
42:
1112:
1039:
911:
504:
464:
449:
335:
275:
219:
1301:
The Graeco-Roman and oriental background of the iconoclastic controversy
1154:, and solemnly sanctioned a limited worship (proskynesis) of images." –
993:, which reaffirmed the adoration of icons in an event celebrated as the
1049:
1034:
974:
824:
820:
444:
910:
in 726, when he ordered the removal of the image of Christ above the
776:), meaning "one who serves images (icons)". It is also referred to as
898:(proponents of the veneration of icons) during that time were saints
860:
606:
469:
439:
1140:
Sacrorum conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio. Tomus 13 col. 378
839:
1044:
876:
454:
325:
894:
and lasted through the 8th and the 9th centuries. The most famous
871:) were also starting to appear, mainly in popular worship. Since
489:
214:
187:
1267:
Imperial unity and
Christian divisions: The Church 450–680 A.D.
872:
864:
828:
641:
142:
1203:
1150:"The Nicene Council nullified the decrees of the iconoclastic
157:
119:
798:
759:
738:
1215:
906:. The controversy was instigated by the Byzantine Emperor
1191:
1094:
1072:
1070:
945:), incense and candles for icons was established by the
1067:
851:
over iconoclasm in 843. (National Icon
Collection 18,
1164:
1082:
843:Late 14th-early 15th century icon illustrating the
1333:
560:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
957:, nor veritable (full) worshiped or adored (
823:(radical opposition to the use of icons) and
707:
1234:Sacrosanctum Concilium Tridentinum / p. 579
1284:
1221:
1209:
1197:
1100:
1076:
1260:
714:
700:
49:
838:
1317:
1298:
1187:/ by Percival, Henry R, / 1900 / p. 550
1170:
1088:
14:
1334:
859:In contrast to moderate or respectful
737:) designates the religious service to
935:«ἀσπασμόν καί τιμητικήν προσκύνησιν»
943:«osculum et honorariam adorationem»
555:Members Church of God International
24:
1106:
25:
1358:
1117:Early Christian and Byzantine Art
1299:Barnard, Leslie William (1974).
681:
1238:
1227:
1055:Council of Constantinople (843)
991:Council of Constantinople (843)
985:, resulting in the creation of
929:Kissing and respected worship (
1291:History of the Byzantine State
1176:
1144:
1133:
565:The New Church (Swedenborgian)
510:Nondenominational Christianity
13:
1:
1060:
847:under the Byzantine empress
570:Unitarians and Universalists
7:
1183:"true worship of faith", –
1023:
10:
1363:
1294:. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
1254:
873:veritable (full) adoration
834:
829:veritable (full) adoration
27:Religious service to icons
962:
934:
808:
793:
769:
754:
947:Second Council of Nicaea
888:iconoclastic controversy
1327:. London: W.E. Painter.
1152:Synod of Constantinople
1010:honorem et venerationem
973:), as was practiced by
1303:. Vol. 5. Brill.
1017:
1009:
970:
942:
856:
845:"Triumph of Orthodoxy"
1347:Christian terminology
842:
1342:Byzantine Iconoclasm
1030:Byzantine iconoclasm
904:Theodore the Studite
407:Independent Catholic
1286:Ostrogorsky, George
1212:, pp. 163–165.
963:«ἀληθινήν λατρείαν»
863:, various forms of
688:Christianity portal
545:Jehovah's Witnesses
225:History of theology
995:Feast of Orthodoxy
951:Ecumenical Council
857:
743:Neoclassical Greek
427:Church of the East
291:Early Christianity
724:
723:
577:
576:
550:Latter Day Saints
535:Iglesia ni Cristo
500:United Protestant
485:Plymouth Brethren
420:Oriental Orthodox
16:(Redirected from
1354:
1328:
1314:
1295:
1281:
1262:Meyendorff, John
1248:
1242:
1236:
1231:
1225:
1222:Ostrogorsky 1956
1219:
1213:
1210:Ostrogorsky 1956
1207:
1201:
1198:Ostrogorsky 1956
1195:
1189:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1162:
1148:
1142:
1137:
1131:
1110:
1104:
1101:Ostrogorsky 1956
1098:
1092:
1086:
1080:
1077:Ostrogorsky 1956
1074:
1002:Council of Trent
983:Frankish kingdom
964:
936:
916:John of Damascus
900:John of Damascus
892:Byzantine Empire
810:
795:
771:
756:
716:
709:
702:
685:
530:Christadelphians
460:Free Evangelical
413:Eastern Orthodox
370:
369:
321:East–West Schism
53:
30:
29:
21:
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1026:
971:«veram latriam»
890:emerged in the
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720:
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627:Other religions
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1224:, p. 189.
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1200:, p. 158.
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1173:, p. 440.
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1103:, p. 143.
1093:
1091:, p. LIX.
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987:Libri Carolini
853:British Museum
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745:εἰκονόδουλος (
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586:Related topics
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521:Restorationist
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1319:Mendham, John
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1310:90-04-03944-9
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1156:Philip Schaff
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979:Pope Adrian I
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975:iconolatrists
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363:
360:
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357:Denominations
355:
354:
350:
349:
342:
339:
337:
334:
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329:
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138:New Testament
136:
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133:Old Testament
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118:
117:
113:
112:
105:
102:
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32:
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19:
1323:
1300:
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1266:
1240:
1229:
1217:
1205:
1193:
1184:
1178:
1171:Mendham 1850
1166:
1146:
1135:
1116:
1113:Lowden, John
1108:
1096:
1089:Mendham 1850
1084:
999:
928:
924:Jesus Christ
908:Leo III
895:
885:
880:
868:
858:
817:Christianity
812:
797:
785:
781:
778:iconophilism
777:
773:
758:
747:eikonodoulos
746:
734:
730:
726:
725:
592:Civilization
432:
425:
418:
411:
402:Old Catholic
382:
240:Universalism
163:New Covenant
99:Resurrection
43:Christianity
1040:Iconography
955:iconoclasts
920:incarnation
912:Chalke Gate
831:of icons).
827:(idolatric
786:iconophilia
727:Iconodulism
480:Pentecostal
362:(full list)
336:Reformation
301:Constantine
220:Christology
210:Apologetics
203:Holy Spirit
124:Foundations
94:Crucifixion
1336:Categories
1129:0714831689
1123:, p. 155.
1119:. London:
1061:References
1050:Iconolatry
1035:Iconoclasm
896:iconodules
881:iconoclasm
869:iconolatry
867:of icons (
825:iconolatry
821:iconoclasm
782:iconophily
735:iconodulia
540:Irvingians
505:Waldensian
445:Anabaptist
434:Protestant
18:Iconophile
1115:. (1997)
949:(Seventh
861:adoration
731:iconoduly
647:Symbolism
607:Ecumenism
597:Criticism
475:Moravian
470:Methodist
440:Adventist
311:Augustine
261:Tradition
235:Salvation
104:Ascension
1321:(1850).
1288:(1956).
1264:(1989).
1246:232–289.
1045:Idolatry
1024:See also
877:idolatry
849:Theodora
749:) (from
665:Glossary
612:Glossary
495:Reformed
465:Lutheran
450:Anglican
384:Catholic
326:Crusades
316:Ignatius
306:Councils
271:Apostles
176:Theology
89:Ministry
79:Nativity
35:a series
33:Part of
1255:Sources
835:History
801:(image)
774:servant
762:(image)
675:Outline
652:Worship
632:Outline
622:Liturgy
602:Culture
455:Baptist
395:Eastern
331:Aquinas
256:History
230:Mission
215:Baptism
188:Trinity
84:Baptism
1307:
1274:
1127:
865:latria
794:εἰκόνα
780:(also
770:δοῦλος
755:εἰκόνα
729:(also
686:
642:Sermon
637:Prayer
490:Quaker
374:Nicene
341:Luther
193:Father
153:Church
143:Gospel
69:Christ
1014:Latin
1006:Latin
967:Latin
959:Greek
939:Latin
931:Greek
809:φιλέω
805:Greek
790:Greek
788:from
766:Greek
751:Greek
739:icons
670:Index
617:Index
390:Latin
276:Peter
158:Creed
148:Canon
120:Bible
64:Jesus
1305:ISBN
1272:ISBN
1125:ISBN
1000:The
902:and
886:The
813:love
799:icon
760:icon
286:Mary
281:Paul
1020:).
784:or
733:or
198:Son
183:God
1338::
1158:.
1069:^
1016::
1008::
997:.
969::
965:;
961::
941::
937:;
933::
926:.
855:).
811:–
807::
803:+
796:–
792::
772:–
768::
764:+
757:–
753::
37:on
1313:.
1280:.
1079:.
715:e
708:t
701:v
20:)
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