97:
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27:
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84:. Many athletes have used cold water immersion after an intense exercise workout in the belief that it speeds up bodily recovery; however, the internal physical processes are not well understood and remain elusive. Evidence supporting cold water immersion as part of an athletic training has been mixed, with some studies suggesting a mild benefit such as reducing muscle damage and discomfort and alleviating
162:
966:, Retrieved October 5, 2016, "...a cold bath may be an effective way to prevent and help sore muscles. ...difficult for researchers to determine exactly how much cold water immersion helps sore muscles, ...The researchers say it is necessary for more studies to be done in order to be sure of the effectiveness of cold water baths in treating muscle soreness. ..."
458:, has been predominately utilised for multiple decades for therapeutic purposes, typically for exercise recovery for athletes, and more recently for perceived mental health benefits, such as the alleviation of symptoms of mental health problems such as depression. Cryotherapy can be tracked "as far back as the Egyptians in 3000 BCE" as a wound treatment
2153:
In
November, Cleveland Cavaliers guard Manny Harris got into a Cryon-X machine on Nike's campus in Beaverton, Ore. When he came out, he had a nasty freezer burn on the side of his right foot. ... In just three minutes, the company that makes it, Millennium ICE, says the machine cranks the temperature
295:
and attributed her victory to the use of ice baths. She reportedly said "It's absolute agony, and I dread it, but it allows my body to recover so much more quickly." She reported taking ice baths before racing and preferred her pre-race bath temperature to be "very cold." After the
Radcliffe comment,
195:
Accounts vary about how long to be immersed and how often to do them. One adviser suggested that an athlete should take ten two-minute ice bath treatments over a two-week period. One account suggested immersion times should be between ten and twenty minutes. Another suggested that immersion run from
142:
Over those years, I've discovered tricks to make the ice bath experience more tolerable. First, I fill my tub with two to three bags of crushed ice. Then I add cold water to a height that will cover me nearly to my waist when I sit in the tub. Before getting in, I put on a down jacket and a hat and
1825:
British
Journal of Sports Medicine now claims the opposite may be true. Out of 40 volunteers, those who took an icy plunge reported more pain after 24 hours than those who took a tepid bath. ... Ice baths have become one of the most fashionable ways of recovering after an intense game or marathon.
489:
symptoms continued until the late 1950s. In fact, it was not utilised for post-exercise recovery until the 1960s, by D H Clarke. However, the use of cold-water immersion for post-exercise recovery and treatment is by far the most popular and well-known use of the technique, despite being the most
208:
said that extremely cold temperatures were unnecessary and a "cold bath" would be just as effective as an ice bath. Another agreed that a mere cold bath is preferable to ice baths which are "unnecessary." A third report suggested that cool water (60â75 °F, 16â24 °C) was just as good as
473:
that is believed to date to around 3500 BCE, and furthermore through
Hippocrates's theory of the four humours. Although, when applying a historical perspective,cold-water immersion was used first as a form of socialisation and relaxation, before its physiological and psychological benefits were
122:
The first day I went in for twelve minutes, and the second day for fifteen minutes. They kept adding ice to keep the temperature at around 55 degrees (Fahrenheit) ... The hardest part was the first two minutes. Others who do it often told me to just hang in for two minutes and then it would be
179:, in which cold water and warmer water are alternated. One method of doing this was to have two tubsââone cold (10â15 degrees Celsius) and another hot (37â40 degrees Celsius)ââand to do one minute in the cold tub followed by two minutes in a hot tub, and to repeat this procedure three times.
399:âwhich describes a variety of treatments when cold temperatures are used therapeutically. Cryotherapy includes procedures where a person is placed in a room with "cold, dry air at temperatures as low as â135 °C" for short periods of time, and which has been used in hospitals in
187:
The temperature can vary, but is usually in the range of 50â59 degrees
Fahrenheit or between 10 and 15 degrees Celsius. Some athletes wear booties to keep their toes warm or rubberized coverings around their midsection while immersed. Some drink a warm beverage such as
1893:
About half of TU's football players take daily dips in water cooled to between 50 and 55 degrees. ... The muscles start feeling a lot better. Aside from the obvious benefit of cooling down quickly from the heat, ice baths help the legs and muscles recover for the next
109:
It is done by standing or sitting in a bucket or bath of icy water. One writer advised: "don't overdo it." Wearing rubberized "dive booties" on the feet (to protect toes) as well as rubber briefs to warm the midsection have been recommended. Champion weightlifter
1512:
Piñero, Alec; Burke, Ryan; Augustin, Francesca; Mohan, Adam E.; DeJesus, Kareen; Sapuppo, Max; Weisenthal, Max; Coleman, Max; Androulakis-Korakakis, Patroklos; Grgic, Jozo; Swinton, Paul A.; Schoenfeld, Brad J. (February 5, 2024).
1932:
347:
which involved donors filming themselves and challenging other donors to participate and then being doused with a bucket of ice cold water; as a fundraising effort, it raised $ 16 million over a 22-day period.
1767:
Hello New
England! I am AJ Soares, a new player, or employee as I tell people, at the New England Revolution. ... It's time for me to dip out, ice bath, and get ready to get to work again tomorrow with the
133:
One report suggested that if ice water is circulating, it is even colder such that the water will be colder than measured by a thermometer, and that athletes should avoid overexposure. Physical therapist
597:
Note: This article only refers to the use of ice baths in sports therapy and not to their use in cold exposure programs like the Wim Hof Method where ice baths are of different temperatures and are used
446:
Ice baths began to become extremely popular after being discussed extensively by Joe Rogan and his universe of scientist and comedians such as Dr. Andrew
Huberman (Stanford) and Aubury Marcus (Onnit).
2100:
Long after most of his teammates had departed Gary Kehler
Stadium, A.J. Murray sat in a well-deserved ice bath in a large plastic tub while basking in the sunlight outside the Westfield training room.
1674:
1661:
If you have been shoveling ... Ice Bath: An ice bath ... can help reduce muscle soreness. This is extremely popular in athletic locker rooms, sometimes even mandatory after rigorous exercise.
1641:
443:
record-holders Chen Kecai and Jin
Songhao. According to reports, doctors and scientists are studying how these people can spend an hour and a half submerged in an ice bath, and survive.
331:, and other sports. There was a report that sports equipment manufacturers are considering different designs for ice baths. In the summer of 2014, as a fundraising method, the nonprofit
1952:
Many athletes ... have also discovered the benefits of the icy plunge. Pro Beach
Volleyball Players and Marathon Runners have been asked to go stand in the ocean for a few minutes. ...
612:
861:
Rowsell GJ, Reaburn P, Toone R, Smith M, Coutts AJ (2014). "Effect of run training and cold-water immersion on subsequent cycle training quality in high-performance triathletes".
1469:
Higgins TR, Greene DA, Baker MK (May 2017). "Effects of Cold Water Immersion and Contrast Water Therapy for Recovery From Team Sport: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis".
1781:
1515:"Throwing cold water on muscle growth: A systematic review with meta-analysis of the effects of postexercise cold water immersion on resistance training-induced hypertrophy"
632:... many of my RW colleagues swear by ice baths after a long run or race. Not me. I still maintain that ice baths are an elaborate practical joke being played on runners ...
1419:... First, immersion allows controlled, even constriction around all muscles, effectively closing microscopic damage that cannot be felt and numbing the pain that can. ...
415:
reportedly used a Cryon-X machine featuring extreme low temperatures around minus 166 degrees Fahrenheit, but used it with wet socks resulting in a serious freezer burn.
1940:
2085:
296:
the technique has grown in popularity. It is gaining in popularity among athletes, such that some athletes "swear by it" but other accounts suggest it may be a fad.
586:
I tell my body to do a lot of things: Run one more sprint. Strike 50 balls. Push through just 15 more minutes. Warm up. Cool down. Sit in an excruciating ice bath.
1997:
1457:
Not only has recent research from the Scripps Research Institute in California shown that reducing the core body temperature of mice makes them live for longer...
209:
water at a lower temperature (54â60 °F, 12â16 °C) and that eight to ten minutes should be sufficient time, and warned against exceeding ten minutes.
1171:"Cold water immersion attenuates anabolic signaling and skeletal muscle fiber hypertrophy, but not strength gain, following whole-body resistance training"
1333:
1678:
2418:
1839:
2167:
693:
Datta A, Tipton M (2006). "Respiratory responses to cold water immersion: neural pathways, interactions, and clinical consequences awake and asleep".
2443:
Allan, Robert; Malone, James; Alexander, Jill; Vorajee, Salahuddin; Ihsan, Mohammed; Gregson, Warren; Kwiecien, Susan; Mawhinney, Chris (May 2022).
1649:
2135:
1030:"Can Water Temperature and Immersion Time Influence the Effect of Cold Water Immersion on Muscle Soreness? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"
114:, who won the world women's weightlifting championship in 1987, described what it was like to take an ice bath after a day of competition at the
1625:
In simple terms, it's about helping the muscles, tendons, bones, nerves and all the different tissues used in sport recover from their workout.
143:
neoprene booties, make myself a cup of hot tea, and collect some entertaining reading material to help the next 15 to 20 minutes pass quickly.
620:
365:, use ice baths after a long day of performing as a way to "unwind" and cope with "aches and pains." One report suggested that entertainer
256:, although the authors cautioned that their conclusion was uncertain due to the relatively fair to poor quality of the underlying studies.
812:"Cold-water immersion and other forms of cryotherapy: physiological changes potentially affecting recovery from high-intensity exercise"
204:
Several sources suggest that cold baths (60â75 °F, 16â24 °C) were preferable to ice baths. Physiotherapist Tony Wilson of the
196:
five to ten minutes, and sometimes to twenty minutes. There were no sources advocating being immersed for longer than twenty minutes.
1403:
1353:
One simple way to offset the risks inherent to long bouts of running is cold-water immersion, known to many runners as the ice bath.
3167:
2072:
After her live shows, Pop diva Madonna ... bath of ice to soothe the pain her body has endured after hours of performing on stage.
1169:
Fyfe JJ, Broatch JR, Trewin AJ, Hanson ED, Argus CK, Garnham AP, Halson SL, Polman RC, Bishop DJ, Petersen AC (November 1, 2019).
1126:
Yamane M, Ohnishi N, Matsumoto T (July 2015). "Does Regular Post-exercise Cold Application Attenuate Trained Muscle Adaptation?".
1079:"Post-exercise cold water immersion attenuates acute anabolic signalling and long-term adaptations in muscle to strength training"
429:
In addition, there have been instances of ice bathing as an extreme bodily test by persons vying for an endurance record, such as
123:
easier. After two minutes I was numb. Afterwards I was shivering for two hours in the hot California sun with a warm up jacket on.
100:
Ice baths have been used as a part of military training. (Mustang Mudder obstacle course May 5 at Kandahar Airfield, Afghanistan).
96:
1597:
But Australian scientists have discovered that not only does the modern treatment have no effect â it may do more harm than good.
88:, with other studies suggesting that cold water immersion may slow muscle growth and interfere with an overall training regimen.
307:
as well as other celebrity endorsers and is getting to become "common practice" among athletes from different sports, including
369:
used ice baths after her performances. And there are indications that use of ice baths is spreading to amateur sports, such as
2051:
1610:
1872:
1705:
Vaile JM, Gill ND, Blazevich AJ (2007). "The effect of contrast water therapy on symptoms of delayed onset muscle soreness".
370:
292:
1964:
916:"Effects of cold water immersion on the recovery of physical performance and muscle damage following a one-off soccer match"
264:
There is agreement in the medical and scientific communities that ice baths can pose serious risks to health. Risks include
1248:
1375:
2112:
2039:
How do the 200 Radio City Rockettes ... Taking ice baths ... some Rockettes take ice baths to unwind after a long day.
1797:...It is because of Phelps that swimmers like Franklin think nothing of taking an ice bath to expedite their recovery.
1077:
Roberts LA, Raastad T, Markworth JF, Figueiredo VC, Egner IM, Shield A, Cameron-Smith D, Coombes JS, Peake JM (2015).
2312:
2154:
inside to minus 166 degrees Fahrenheit, thus oxygenating the blood, helping to reduce fatigue and muscle soreness.
1441:
542:
1028:
Machado AF, Ferreira PH, Micheletti JK, de Almeida AC, Lemes ĂR, Vanderlei FM, Netto Junior J, Pastre CM (2016).
1907:
351:
There are indications that ice baths may be gaining popularity with groups outside sports, such as dance. The
2518:
1847:
336:
238:
85:
2445:"Cold for centuries: a brief history of cryotherapies to improve health, injury and post-exercise recovery"
2177:
1334:"Ice Baths: Cold Therapy â Ice baths are one of the most effective ways to offset the damage done on a run"
1170:
2568:
2000:, Retrieved Aug. 18, 2014, "...Those who forgo the ice bath are asked to donate to an ALS organization..."
1752:
1274:"Image is Heavy Burden â Weightlifter Karyn Marshall Feels Pressure to Project 'Femininity, Intelligence'"
574:
1341:
1301:
61:, is a training regimen usually following a period of intense exercise in which a substantial part of a
3172:
2010:
1273:
3157:
2915:
1581:
205:
422:
in young children, but that doctors were counseled not to use this technique because of the risk of
3177:
2206:
217:
2013:, Retrieved Aug. 18, 2014, "...Never mind the ice bath; you could have just written the check...."
477:
The main medical treatments that Ancient Greeks employed the use of cold-water immersion for were
2670:
353:
340:
783:
Heller K, Salata S (1988). "Cardiopulmonary arrest after cold water immersion and hypothermia".
2724:
981:"Cold-water immersion (cryotherapy) for preventing and treating muscle soreness after exercise"
652:
192:. One report suggested that "ten minutes immersed in 15 degree Celsius water" was sufficient.
3162:
176:
3125:
3006:
2558:
558:
Daniel Ianus of Romania's national rugby team took an ice bath after a training session ...
509:
344:
312:
273:
222:
81:
3132:
2563:
426:. Ice baths have been suggested as a way to prevent muscle soreness after shoveling snow.
8:
3011:
470:
269:
249:
77:
3114:
2649:
2477:
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2400:
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838:
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253:
1873:"Survival in the heat: The ice age: On hot days, teams mandate ice baths for athletes"
1407:
963:
2511:
2482:
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5 percent said children can be given an ice bath to treat a fever â Risk: hypothermia
1722:
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1690:... the grueling ritual of the ice bath could reduce the benefits of exercise. ...
35:
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43:
1985:... However the design of conventional ice baths leaves something to be desired.
1972:
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462:
388:
320:
304:
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of controlled trials concluded that cold water immersion immediately following
115:
111:
31:
2380:
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1045:
979:
Bleakley C, McDonough S, Gardner E, Baxter GD, Hopkins JT, Davison GW (2012).
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135:
1642:"Shoveling snow again? Try some of these tips to ease those aches and pains"
2920:
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2690:
2504:
2486:
2396:
2344:
2288:"Why Dr. Huberman, Joe Rogan and Aubury Marcus Love Cold Therapy Ice Baths"
1826:
From rugby to tennis players, the bath has a series of celebrity endorsers.
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1139:
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733:"'Autonomic conflict': a different way to die during cold water immersion?"
714:
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300:
226:
20:
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676:
237:
After exercise, there is some evidence that taking an ice bath may reduce
26:
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to treat not only muscular ailments, but psychological problems such as
3080:
2960:
2945:
2905:
2900:
2780:
2755:
2705:
2680:
2584:
1859:... After a match we have to stand in an ice bath for five minutes. ...
1840:"Rough diamond: Liverpool's Babel reflects on Ajax, BenĂtez, ice baths"
1527:
1514:
883:
377:
328:
241:
and perceptions of fatigue, but no good evidence of any other benefit.
62:
2086:"Westfield 30, Elizabeth 20 (High school Football scores and results)"
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1782:"With One Last Gold, Phelps Caps Career That Inspired a Generation"
1027:
3136:
964:
Muscle Soreness â Is Cold Water Immersion Effective For Treatment?
3072:
2970:
2940:
2885:
2875:
2700:
2634:
2629:
2614:
2609:
2589:
2311:
Maranda, Eric; Simmons, Brian J.; Romanelli, Paolo (2016-06-01).
2011:
How the ALS Ice Bucket Challenge Could Change Fundraising Forever
1919:...the next smart move would be to take a full body ice bath. ...
1753:"This California boy welcomes opportunity to play in New England"
1076:
914:
Ascensão A, Leite M, Rebelo AN, MagalhÀes S, MagalhÀes J (2011).
504:
481:, as the cold was thought to counteract the body's heat, and for
436:
366:
316:
285:
175:
Some athletes use a technique known as contrast water therapy or
168:
66:
3001:
2624:
1331:
1249:"Research Is Mixed on Whether Cryotherapy Helps After Exercise"
400:
324:
978:
380:
is known for using ice baths as part of his training routine.
2955:
2870:
2785:
2710:
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485:. The use of cold-water immersion for medical treatments for
478:
440:
419:
418:
Occasionally ice baths have been an ill-advised treatment of
156:
913:
2790:
2735:
2695:
2442:
1404:"Owner's Manual: Chill Out: Better recovery with ice baths"
2025:"Rockettes manager strives to keep troupe fit and healthy"
1996:
August 14, 2014, Campbell North, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette,
1965:"Cool ice bath innovation makes waves in sporting circles"
1837:
335:, which raises money for research and public awareness of
161:
2527:
2363:
Wang, H.; Olivero, W.; Wang, D.; Lanzino, G. (May 2006).
2133:
1582:"Study pours cold water on theory that ice aids recovery"
962:
Christine Kearney, 20 February 2012, Medical News Today,
189:
2136:"Did a mistake in New Age ice bath set back NBA player?"
1990:
1542:
Wittmers LE (2001). "Pathophysiology of cold exposure".
1511:
860:
2310:
1168:
2496:
2362:
1998:
People around the country have ALS challenge down cold
1675:"Experts Pour Cold Water on Athletes' Ice-Bath Remedy"
1125:
653:"The initial responses to cold-water immersion in man"
383:
Ice baths are a part of a broader phenomenon known as
2229:"Chilly Chinese compete for world ice bathing record"
1299:
1930:
1332:
Nikki Kimball; physical therapist (August 1, 2008).
1704:
1468:
1933:"Speeding Up Muscle Recovery â Ice Bath Benefits"
1021:
688:
686:
138:explained a way to make the bath more endurable:
3149:
2419:"The strange history of therapeutic hypothermia"
1401:
1070:
854:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2165:
1905:
1579:
1390:...you want to keep those tired muscles limber.
1373:
1313:DO: Be aware that moving water is colder water.
726:
724:
610:
2083:
2022:
1505:
1439:
730:
683:
454:Ice baths, an activity within the practice of
199:
2512:
2134:Darren Rovell of CNBC.com (January 1, 2012).
2114:Fiann Paul | Ocean Rowing | Trans World Sport
2009:Bill Saporito, Aug. 18, 2014, Time magazine,
1707:Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
1639:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1229:
863:Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
572:
2351:
1838:Gordon McKerrow Ryan Babel (April 2, 2008).
1779:
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1744:
1700:
1698:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1295:
1293:
803:
782:
778:
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721:
72:The method is controversial, with a risk of
69:of ice or ice-water for a limited duration.
2127:
2044:
1957:
1864:
1773:
1608:
1271:
974:
972:
956:
907:
692:
646:
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449:
2519:
2505:
2003:
1870:
1376:"Recovering from high-intensity athletics"
1265:
1226:
1119:
809:
361:, a precision dance company performing in
157:Ice bath only versus contrast bath therapy
2476:
2285:
2247:
2077:
2052:"Madonna sits in ice bath after concerts"
1924:
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756:
182:
2313:"CryotherapyâAs Ancient as the Pharaohs"
1672:
1541:
1406:. Running Times Magazine. Archived from
1162:
969:
637:
606:
604:
568:
566:
537:
535:
216:
160:
95:
25:
16:Therapeutic body immersion in iced water
3150:
2449:European Journal of Applied Physiology
2200:
2168:"Health myths your doctor may believe"
2159:
2016:
1899:
1630:
1562:
1424:
1358:
650:
613:"Rules for runners: Skip the ice bath"
2500:
2226:
601:
563:
532:
299:It has been used by athletes such as
3121:
2023:Sara Bauknecht (November 15, 2009).
1931:Tilman von der Linde (25 Feb 2009).
1908:"How Do You Recover From 163 Games?"
1374:Lenny Bernstein (November 9, 2010).
611:Julie Deardorff (October 12, 2009).
1440:Ellie Levenson (21 November 2006).
1402:Stephen Mirarchi (September 2006).
13:
2220:
2203:"Iceman on Everest: 'It Was Easy'"
2105:
2084:Josh Rosenfeld (October 2, 2010).
2058:. October 19, 2009. Archived from
1810:"Sports star ice baths questioned"
1640:George Guerin (January 27, 2011).
1462:
14:
3189:
2227:Young, Trystan (4 January 2011).
1906:Geoff Macdonald (June 24, 2010).
1519:European Journal of Sport Science
816:Extreme Physiology & Medicine
591:
461:Cryotherapy can be dated back to
55:cold-water immersion, Cold plunge
19:For the chemistry technique, see
3131:
3120:
3110:
3109:
2201:Angier, Joseph (14 April 2009).
1611:"The cold benefits of ice baths"
1580:James Randerson (10 July 2007).
212:
3168:Experimental medical treatments
2436:
2411:
2304:
2279:
2194:
2166:Julie Deardorff (May 2, 2010).
1971:. June 24, 2011. Archived from
1780:KAREN CROUSE (August 4, 2012).
1751:AJ Soares (February 18, 2011).
1187:10.1152/japplphysiol.00127.2019
731:Shattock MJ, Tipton MJ (2012).
707:10.1152/japplphysiol.01201.2005
575:"No Tweeting From the Ice Bath"
2329:10.1001/jamadermatol.2015.1616
1871:Mike Brown (August 15, 2007).
997:10.1002/14651858.CD008262.pub2
357:reported that some Radio City
1:
2365:"Cold as a therapeutic agent"
1300:Andy Schmitz; USA Triathlon.
1272:Julie Carft (July 29, 1989).
695:Journal of Applied Physiology
525:
337:amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
291:won the 10,000m event at the
239:delayed onset muscle soreness
91:
86:delayed onset muscle soreness
34:taking an ice bath after the
1910:. The New York Times: Tennis
1677:. Fox Boston. Archived from
1483:10.1519/JSC.0000000000001559
933:10.1080/02640414.2010.526132
875:10.1519/JSC.0000000000000455
785:Journal of Emergency Nursing
749:10.1113/jphysiol.2012.229864
577:. The New York Times: Soccer
573:Yael Averbuch (2011-04-28).
7:
1521:. Early View (2): 177â189.
1302:"8 Ice Bath Dos and Don'ts"
810:White GE, Wells GD (2013).
493:
293:2002 European championships
200:Ice baths versus cold baths
10:
3194:
2461:10.1007/s00421-022-04915-5
2255:"Ice bath for 120 minutes"
1609:Craig Smith (2003-09-30).
985:Cochrane Database Syst Rev
920:Journal of Sports Sciences
465:, its first mention in an
279:
76:, with the possibility of
41:
18:
3104:
3071:
3035:
2989:
2933:
2916:Short-track speed skating
2861:
2813:
2804:
2663:
2577:
2551:
2534:
2381:10.1007/s00701-006-0747-z
1083:The Journal of Physiology
1046:10.1007/s40279-015-0431-7
737:The Journal of Physiology
259:
206:University of Southampton
2423:www.medicalnewstoday.com
2286:danrawdon (2023-01-06).
450:Ice bath vs. cryotherapy
315:(soccer), long distance
118:in 2011 in Los Angeles:
42:Not to be confused with
2526:
2029:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
1673:NewsCore (4 Nov 2010).
403:as well as a center in
354:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
272:and the possibility of
229:to raise money for the
104:
1140:10.1055/s-0034-1398652
829:10.1186/2046-7648-2-26
252:may blunt the ensuing
234:
183:Temperature and timing
172:
171:in an ice bath in 2007
154:
131:
101:
49:In sports therapy, an
39:
30:Champion weightlifter
1442:"It's hot to be cold"
1196:10536/DRO/DU:30129996
987:(Systematic review).
376:Explorer and athlete
339:(ALS), also known as
220:
177:contrast bath therapy
164:
140:
120:
99:
29:
2369:Acta Neurochirurgica
1975:on February 25, 2016
1883:on February 22, 2016
510:Ice bucket challenge
411:. Basketball player
371:high school football
345:Ice Bucket Challenge
341:Lou Gehrig's disease
313:association football
303:and Olympic swimmer
274:sudden cardiac death
223:Ice Bucket Challenge
221:In summer 2014, the
128:Karyn Marshall, 2011
3012:Iceman (occupation)
2235:(Adobe Flash video)
2062:on October 18, 2016
1652:on January 30, 2011
1471:J Strength Cond Res
471:Edwin Smith Papyrus
250:resistance training
2564:Crystalline phases
2265:Xinhua News Agency
1844:Sports Illustrated
1786:The New York Times
1646:Newark Star-Ledger
1544:Minnesota Medicine
1528:10.1002/ejsc.12074
1344:on August 23, 2011
651:Tipton MJ (1989).
547:The New York Times
254:muscle hypertrophy
235:
173:
102:
40:
3173:Athletic training
3145:
3144:
3126:Wikimedia Commons
2929:
2928:
1937:The Vancouver Sun
1719:10.1519/R-19355.1
1278:Los Angeles Times
669:10.1042/cs0770581
515:Polar bear plunge
309:American football
65:is immersed in a
3185:
3158:Physical therapy
3135:
3124:
3123:
3113:
3112:
2811:
2810:
2521:
2514:
2507:
2498:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2480:
2455:(5): 1153â1162.
2440:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2415:
2409:
2408:
2360:
2349:
2348:
2317:JAMA Dermatology
2308:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2272:
2267:. 4 January 2011
2251:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2224:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2186:
2185:
2176:. Archived from
2163:
2157:
2156:
2150:
2148:
2131:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2096:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2067:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2035:
2020:
2014:
2007:
2001:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1980:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1948:
1939:. Archived from
1928:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1915:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1890:
1888:
1879:. Archived from
1868:
1862:
1861:
1856:
1855:
1850:on April 6, 2008
1846:. Archived from
1835:
1829:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1794:
1792:
1777:
1771:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1757:The Boston Globe
1748:
1739:
1738:
1702:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1686:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1657:
1648:. Archived from
1637:
1628:
1627:
1622:
1621:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1593:
1577:
1560:
1559:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1477:(5): 1443â1460.
1466:
1460:
1459:
1454:
1453:
1437:
1422:
1421:
1416:
1415:
1399:
1393:
1392:
1387:
1386:
1371:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1349:
1340:. Archived from
1329:
1316:
1315:
1310:
1309:
1297:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1284:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1259:
1245:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1198:
1181:(5): 1403â1418.
1166:
1160:
1159:
1128:Int J Sports Med
1123:
1117:
1116:
1106:
1095:10.1113/JP270570
1089:(18): 4285â301.
1074:
1068:
1067:
1057:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1008:
976:
967:
960:
954:
953:
935:
911:
905:
904:
886:
858:
852:
851:
841:
831:
807:
801:
800:
780:
771:
770:
760:
728:
719:
718:
690:
681:
680:
657:Clinical Science
648:
635:
634:
629:
628:
619:. Archived from
608:
599:
595:
589:
588:
583:
582:
570:
561:
560:
555:
554:
539:
467:ancient Egyptian
152:
129:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3187:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3182:
3178:Causes of death
3148:
3147:
3146:
3141:
3100:
3067:
3031:
2985:
2925:
2857:
2806:
2800:
2671:Albedo feedback
2659:
2573:
2559:Amorphous solid
2547:
2530:
2525:
2495:
2494:
2441:
2437:
2428:
2426:
2417:
2416:
2412:
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2352:
2309:
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2270:
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2253:
2252:
2248:
2238:
2236:
2225:
2221:
2211:
2209:
2199:
2195:
2183:
2181:
2173:Chicago Tribune
2164:
2160:
2146:
2144:
2132:
2128:
2120:
2118:
2117:, 12 April 2018
2111:
2110:
2106:
2094:
2092:
2090:The Star Ledger
2082:
2078:
2065:
2063:
2056:Hindustan Times
2050:
2049:
2045:
2033:
2031:
2021:
2017:
2008:
2004:
1995:
1991:
1978:
1976:
1969:The Irish Times
1963:
1962:
1958:
1946:
1944:
1929:
1925:
1913:
1911:
1904:
1900:
1886:
1884:
1869:
1865:
1853:
1851:
1836:
1832:
1819:
1817:
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1759:
1749:
1742:
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1684:
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1667:
1655:
1653:
1638:
1631:
1619:
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1607:
1603:
1591:
1589:
1578:
1563:
1540:
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1467:
1463:
1451:
1449:
1438:
1425:
1413:
1411:
1400:
1396:
1384:
1382:
1380:Washington Post
1372:
1359:
1347:
1345:
1330:
1319:
1307:
1305:
1298:
1291:
1282:
1280:
1270:
1266:
1257:
1255:
1247:
1246:
1227:
1217:
1215:
1167:
1163:
1124:
1120:
1075:
1071:
1034:Sports Medicine
1026:
1022:
991:(2): CD008262.
977:
970:
961:
957:
912:
908:
859:
855:
808:
804:
781:
774:
743:(14): 3219â30.
729:
722:
691:
684:
649:
638:
626:
624:
617:Chicago Tribune
609:
602:
596:
592:
580:
578:
571:
564:
552:
550:
549:. July 28, 2011
541:
540:
533:
528:
520:Winter swimming
496:
452:
333:ALS Association
289:Paula Radcliffe
282:
262:
231:ALS Association
215:
202:
185:
159:
153:
147:
130:
127:
107:
94:
53:, or sometimes
47:
44:Winter swimming
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3191:
3181:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3128:
3117:
3105:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3098:
3096:Snowball Earth
3093:
3088:
3086:Little Ice Age
3083:
3077:
3075:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2993:
2991:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2937:
2935:
2931:
2930:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2896:Figure skating
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2867:
2865:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2814:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2681:Circle or disc
2678:
2673:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2555:
2553:
2549:
2548:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2524:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2501:
2493:
2492:
2435:
2410:
2375:(5): 565â570.
2350:
2303:
2278:
2246:
2219:
2193:
2158:
2126:
2104:
2076:
2043:
2015:
2002:
1989:
1956:
1923:
1898:
1863:
1830:
1816:. 10 July 2007
1801:
1772:
1740:
1713:(3): 697â702.
1694:
1665:
1629:
1601:
1561:
1534:
1504:
1461:
1423:
1394:
1357:
1338:Runner's World
1317:
1289:
1264:
1225:
1175:J Appl Physiol
1161:
1118:
1069:
1020:
968:
955:
906:
869:(6): 1664â72.
853:
802:
772:
720:
701:(6): 2057â64.
682:
636:
600:
590:
562:
543:"Photo Replay"
530:
529:
527:
524:
523:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
495:
492:
463:ancient Greece
451:
448:
305:Michael Phelps
281:
278:
261:
258:
225:went viral on
214:
211:
201:
198:
184:
181:
158:
155:
149:Runner's World
145:
125:
116:CrossFit Games
112:Karyn Marshall
106:
103:
93:
90:
36:Crossfit Games
32:Karyn Marshall
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3190:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3138:
3134:
3129:
3127:
3118:
3116:
3107:
3106:
3103:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3034:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2934:Constructions
2932:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2911:Speed skating
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2864:
2860:
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2841:
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2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2812:
2809:
2803:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
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2687:
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2679:
2677:
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2672:
2669:
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2666:
2662:
2656:
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2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2620:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2539:
2533:
2529:
2522:
2517:
2515:
2510:
2508:
2503:
2502:
2499:
2488:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2439:
2424:
2420:
2414:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2307:
2293:
2292:Ice Bath Info
2289:
2282:
2266:
2262:
2261:
2256:
2250:
2234:
2230:
2223:
2208:
2204:
2197:
2190:
2180:on 2018-10-09
2179:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2162:
2155:
2143:
2142:
2137:
2130:
2116:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2091:
2087:
2080:
2073:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2047:
2040:
2030:
2026:
2019:
2012:
2006:
1999:
1993:
1986:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1960:
1953:
1943:on 6 May 2010
1942:
1938:
1934:
1927:
1920:
1909:
1902:
1895:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1867:
1860:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1834:
1827:
1815:
1811:
1805:
1798:
1787:
1783:
1776:
1769:
1758:
1754:
1747:
1745:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1701:
1699:
1691:
1681:on 2012-03-29
1680:
1676:
1669:
1662:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1636:
1634:
1626:
1616:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1587:
1583:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1538:
1529:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1508:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1465:
1458:
1447:
1443:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1420:
1410:on 2012-05-22
1409:
1405:
1398:
1391:
1381:
1377:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1354:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1314:
1303:
1296:
1294:
1279:
1275:
1268:
1254:
1250:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1165:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1134:(8): 647â53.
1133:
1129:
1122:
1114:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1073:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1040:(4): 503â14.
1039:
1035:
1031:
1024:
1016:
1012:
1007:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
975:
973:
965:
959:
951:
947:
943:
939:
934:
929:
926:(3): 217â25.
925:
921:
917:
910:
902:
898:
894:
890:
885:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
857:
849:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
821:
817:
813:
806:
798:
794:
790:
786:
779:
777:
768:
764:
759:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
727:
725:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
689:
687:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
647:
645:
643:
641:
633:
623:on 2018-09-30
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